inclination

in-ductĭo, ōnis, f. [id.], a leading [p. 938] or bringing into, introducing, admission (class.).

Lit.:

nos aquarum inductionibus terris fecunditatem damus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 152:

horum (juvenum in circum),

introduction, exhibition, Liv. 44, 9, 5;

so on the stage: ficta personarum,

Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 205:

prima trullis frequentetur inductio,

a plastering, Pall. 1, 15.—Of a striking out, erasing of writing (cf. induco, 1. C. 3.):

lituras, inductiones, superductiones ipse feci,

Dig. 28, 4, 1.—

Transf., concr.

An awning drawn over a theatre to protect the audience from the sun, Vitr. 10 praef.—

A fomentation, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 27, 216.—

Trop.

In gen. (acc. to induco II. B. 2. b.), a purpose, resolution, inclination, intention:

animi,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 11, 32; id. Fam. 1, 8, 2:

cedet profecto virtuti dolor et animi inductione languescet,

id. Tusc. 2, 13, 31.—

In partic., rhet. t. t.

Induction, a mode of reasoning from known particulars to generals, the Gr. epagôgê, Cic. Top. 10, 42; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; Quint. 5, 10, 73; 5, 11, 2 sq.:

erroris,

id. 9, 1, 31.—

Personarum ficta, = prosôpopoiïa, the introduction of a fictitious person, Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 205.—

Erroris inductio, = apoplanêsis, a leading into error, misguiding, Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 205.—

An assumption, supposition, Prisc. 1144 P.

ingĕnĭum, ii, n. [in-geno, from gigno], innate or natural quality, nature.

In gen. (so mostly poet.; in Sall. and in postAug. prose;

not in Cic. or Cæs.): pro ingenio ego me liberum esse ratus sum, pro imperio tuo tibi servire aequom censeo,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22: ite in frundiferos locos Ingenio arbusta ubi nata sunt, non obsita, by their own nature, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1 (Trag. Rel. v. 28 Rib.); so,

loci,

Sall. H. 3, 18 Dietsch:

locorum hominumque ingenia,

Liv. 28, 12, 11; Tac. A. 6, 41; id. H. 1, 51; Flor. 2, 6, 16 al.:

terrae,

Liv. 37, 54, 21:

montis,

Tac. H. 2, 4; cf.:

campi suopte ingenio humentes,

id. ib. 5, 14:

arvorum,

Verg. G. 2, 177;

and, portūs,

Sil. 14, 283:

arbores sui cujusque ingenii poma ferunt,

Col. 3, 1, 2:

lactis ingenia et proprietates,

Gell. 12, 1, 14:

ingenium velox igni, Sev. Aetn. 214: crines ingenio suo flexi,

naturally, Petr. 126:

ut magistratus imperio suo vehemens mansueto permitteretur ingenio,

Liv. 2, 30, 4; cf.:

cum honesta suopte ingenio peterentur,

in consequence of its own nature, Tac. A. 3, 26:

mitis ingenio,

id. ib. 6, 15:

cunctator ingenio,

id. ib. 15, 1:

ingenio trux,

id. H. 1, 21.—

Rarely of beasts: mitior ad feras bestias, praecipitia ingenia sortitas,

Curt. 8, 1, 35.—

In partic., of persons.

Natural disposition, temper, mode of thinking, character, bent, inclination:

feci ego ingenium meum,

have acted out, Plaut. Merc. 4, 1, 2:

ita ingenium meumst,

id. Am. 3, 2, 18:

ut ingenium est omnium hominum ab labore proclive ad lubidinem,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 50:

liberale,

id. ib. 4, 5, 59:

pium ac pudicum,

id. Hec. 1, 2, 77:

durum atque inexorabile,

id. Phorm. 3, 2, 12:

inhumanum,

id. Eun. 5, 2, 41:

lene in liberos,

id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99:

utinam nunc matrescam ingenio,

Pac. Con. Rel. v. 139 Rib. (1 Rib., maturescam):

mobile,

Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 22:

cicur et mansuetum,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 91 Müll.:

inverecundum animi,

Cic. Inv. 1, 45, 83: vera loqui etsi meum ingenium non moneret. Liv. 3, 68, 9:

ingenio suo vivere,

id. 3, 36, 1: redire ad ingenium, to return to one ' s natural bent, to one ' s old courses, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 46:

Volscis levatis metu suum rediit ingenium,

Liv. 2, 22, 3: quae maxime ad muliebre ingenium efficaces preces sunt, id. 1, 9, 16:

vanum dictatoris,

id. 1, 27, 1:

mitis ingenii juvenem,

id. 1, 46, 4:

Turni ferox,

id. 1, 51, 7:

temperare suum,

to control his temper, id. 8, 36, 5:

horrida,

Curt. 4, 6, 3:

molliora,

id. 5, 6, 18:

humana,

id. 5, 10, 13:

felix,

Sen. Ep. 95, 36:

rapax,

id. ad Helv. 17, 4:

atrox,

Tac. A. 4, 50:

procax,

id. H. 3, 32: ingenium ingeni, in Plautus, signifies peculiarity of disposition, Stich. 1, 2, 69.—

Concr. collect.:

tanto corruptius iter immixtis histrionibus et spadonum gregibus et cetero Neronianae aulae ingenio,

the people who gave character to the court, Tac. H. 2, 71.—

With respect to intelligence.

Natural capacity, talents, parts, abilities, genius:

docilitas, memoria, quae fere appellantur uno ingenii nomine,

Cic. Fin. 5, 13, 36:

ingenium ad fingendum,

id. Font. 14, 30:

excellens ac singulare,

id. de Or. 2, 74, 298:

vir acerrimo ingenio,

id. Or. 5, 18:

cujus tanta vis ingenii est, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 74, 299:

tardum,

id. ib. 2, 27, 117:

acutum aut retusum,

id. de Div. 1, 36, 72:

eximium,

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 68:

praestantissimum,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 51:

magnum,

id. Ac. 2, 1, 1:

illustre,

id. Cael. 1, 1:

oratorium,

Tac. Dial. 10:

pulcherrimum et maximum,

Plin. Ep. 8, 12, 4:

hebetatum, fractum, contusum,

id. ib. 8, 14, 9:

celeres ingenii motus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 113:

ingenii acies,

id. ib. 3, 5, 20:

ingenii lumen,

id. Brut. 15, 59:

ingenii vis,

id. Phil. 5, 18, 49:

ingenii vena,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 9:

ingenii vigor,

Ov. M. 8, 254:

ingenii celeritas,

Nep. Eum. 1:

ingenii docilitas,

id. Att. 1:

ingenio abundare,

Cic. Fam. 4, 8, 1:

ingenio valere,

Quint. 1, 8, 8:

ingenio divino esse,

Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 117:

ingenio hebeti esse,

id. Phil. 10, 8, 17:

in eo ingenium ejus elucere videbatis,

id. Cael. 19, 45:

colere et imbuere ingenium artibus,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 16:

acuere,

Quint. 1, 4, 7:

alere,

id. 1, 8, 8:

exercere multiplici variāque materiā,

id. 2, 4, 20:

versabatur in hoc nostro studio cum ingenio,

with cleverness, Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 2; so,

cum ingenio,

Dig. 1, 16, 9:

ingenii memoria immortalis est,

Sen. Polyb. 18, 2.— Plur.:

acutiora ingenia et ad intellegendum aptiora eorum, qui, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 42:

aliae (partes agrorum) quae acuta ingenia gignant, aliae quae retusa,

intellects, id. Div. 1, 36, 79 fin. —

Transf.

A genius, i. e. a man of genius, a clever, ingenious person:

excepi voluntatem tam excellens ingenium fuisse in civitate,

Cic. Brut. 40, 147; id. Rep. 2, 1, 2; Liv. 41, 4, 3:

nullum magnum ingenium sine mixtura dementiae fuit,

Sen. Tranq. An. 17, 10. — Plur.:

ut saepe summa ingenia in occulto latent,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 62:

decora,

Tac. A. 1, 1:

magna,

id. H. 1, 1:

nostra (i. e. oratores,

id. Dial. 1; id. Agr. 2; Sen. Ep. 2, 1; id. ad Polyb. 27, 1:

candidissimus omnium magnorum ingeniorum aestimator Livius,

id. Suas. 6, 22:

ingenia et artes vel maxime fovit,

Suet. Vesp. 18; id. Aug. 89:

id in magnis animis ingeniisque plerumque contingit,

Cic. Off. 1, 22, 74.—

Of things, an invention, a clever thought:

exquisita ingenia cenarum,

Plin. Pan. 49, 7; cf. Tac. H. 3, 28:

noctium suarum ingenia (= flagitiosae libidinis inventiones),

voluptuous inventions, id. A. 16, 20.

invītus, a, um, adj. [perh. for in-vicitus; cf. Sanscr. vaç-, to will; avaças, unwilling; Gr. hekôn, a-ekôn], against one ' s will, unwilling, reluctant (syn. coactus; class.).

Of persons:

invitus me vides,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 23:

ut viatores invitos consistere cogant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 5:

soli hoc contingit sapienti, ut nihil faciat invitus, nihil dolens, nihil coactus,

Cic. Par. 5, 1:

ego eum a me invitissim us dimisi,

very unwillingly, very much against my will, id. Fam. 13, 63:

Berenicen ab urbe dimisit (Titus) invitus invitam,

Suet. Tit. 7:

trahit invitam nova vis,

Ov. M. 7, 19.— Abl. absol.: me (te, se, etc.) invito, against my ( your, his, etc.) will, in spite of me, without my consent:

vobis invitis,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 7:

si se invito transire conarentur,

against his will, Caes. B. G. 1, 8:

Sequanis invitis,

id. ib. 1, 9:

diis hominibusque invitis,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2:

invito numine,

Verg. A. 10, 31:

invita Diana,

Ov. M. 8, 395: invitā Minervā, against one ' s natural bent, Hor. A. P. 385:

invita Minerva, id est adversante et repugnante natura,

Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110:

quod et illo et me invitissimo fiet,

altogether contrary both to his inclination and my own, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 9. — With ut:

invitus feci, ut L. Flaminium e senatu eicerem,

Cic. de Sen. 12, 42.—With gen.:

credidit, dominum non invitum fore hujus solutionis,

would not be ill pleased with this payment, Dig. 16, 3, 11.—

Of things:

invita in hoc loco versatur oratio,

Cic. N. D. 3, 35, 85:

invitae properes anni spem credere terrae,

Verg. G. 1, 224:

verbaque provisam rem non invita sequentur,

Hor. A. P. 311:

dantur in invitos impia tura focos,

Ov. H. 14, 26:

lyra,

id. Am. 3, 9, 24:

ignes,

id. M. 8, 514:

oculis legere,

id. H. 18, 4; cf.:

vultu prospicere,

Val. Fl. 7, 575:

ope,

i. e. furnished involuntarily, Ov. P. 2, 1, 16:

invito sanguine,

Val. Fl. 3, 391. — Adv.: invītē, against one ' s will, unwillingly:

invite cepi Capuam,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 4 (dub.).— Comp.:

invitius,

Cic. de Or. 2, 89, 364.

lĭbīdo or lŭbīdo, ĭnis, f. [libet], pleasure, desire, eagerness, longing, fancy, inclination (cf.: appetitio, optatio, cupiditas, cupido, studium).

In gen.:

ubilubido veniet nauseae,

Cato, R. R. 156, 4; Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 26; Lucr. 4, 779:

ex bonis (perturbationibus) libidinem et laetitiam, ut sit laetitia praesentium bonorum, libido futurorum,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 11:

ipsa iracundia libidinis est pars: sic enim definitur iracundia, ulciscendi libido,

id. ib. 3, 5, 11; id. Fin. 3, 9, 32:

non omnibus delendi urbem libido erat,

Liv. 5, 42:

juventus magis in decoris armis et militaribus equis quam in scortis atque conviviis libidinem habebat,

delighted in, Sall. C. 7:

tanta libido cum Mario eundi plerosque invaserat,

id. J. 84; id. ib. 86:

tanta libidine vulgi auditur,

Juv. 7, 85:

rarus sermo illis, et magna libido tacendi,

id. 2, 14:

urinae lacessit,

Gell. 19, 4: est lubido with inf. ( = libet, ante-class.):

est lubido orationem audire,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 25; 4, 2, 23:

est lubido homini suo animo opsequi,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 11; id. Men. 1, 1, 7; id. Ep. 2, 2, 56 al.—

In partic.

Unlawful or inordinate desire, passion, caprice, wilfulness, wantonness:

ingenium est omnium hominum ab labore proclive ad libidinem,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 51:

ad libidinem suam vexare aliquem,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 141: fortuna res cunctas ex lubidine magis, quam ex vero celebrat obscuratque, arbitrarily, according to pleasure or caprice, Sall. C. 8:

quod positum est in alterius voluntate, ne dicam libidine,

Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 3:

ad libidinem aliorum judicare,

id. Font. 12, 26; id. Fin. 1, 6, 19:

instruitur acies ad libidinem militum,

Liv. 25, 21.—

Sensual desire, lust (the usual meaning in plur.):

procreandi,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 53:

libidinis ministri,

id. Lael. 10, 35:

commiscendorum corporum mirae libidines,

id. N. D. 2, 51, 128:

qui voluptatum libidine feruntur,

id. Tusc. 3, 2, 4:

qui feruntur libidine,

id. ib. 3, 5, 11:

libidine accendi,

Sall. C. 28:

mala libido Lucretiae per vim stuprandae,

Liv. 1, 57; Suet. Aug. 69; id. Galb. 22; Col. 8, 11, 6:

eadem summis pariter minimisque libido,

Juv. 6, 349:

saltante libidine,

i. e. passion goading on, id. 6, 318.—Esp., of unnatural lust, Suet. Aug. 71; Paul. Sent. 5, 23, 13. —Of unbridled indulgence:

vinulentiam ac libidines, grata barbaris, usurpans,

Tac. A. 11, 16.—Hence,

Transf. (abstr. pro concreto): libidines, voluptuous or obscene representations in painting and sculpture, Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 31:

in poculis libidines caelare juvit,

Plin. 33 praef. §

4: pinxit et libidines,

id. 35, 10, 36, § 72.

nātūra, ae, f. [nascor], birth.

Lit. (very rare):

naturā tu illi pater es, consiliis ego,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 46; cf.:

naturā pater,

id. ib. 5, 7, 4.—

Transf. (freq. and class.; syn.: indoles, ingenium).

The nature, i. e. the natural constitution, property, or quality of a thing:

quod autem animal est, id motu cietur interiore et suo: nam haec est natura propria animae et vis,

Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 28:

ipsumque per se sua vi, sua natura, sua sponte laudabile,

id. Fin. 2, 15, 50:

ab ipsa natura loci,

id. Agr. 2, 35, 95:

quali esset natura montis, qui cognoscerent misit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 21:

loci,

id. ib. 1, 2: tigna secundum naturam fluminis procumberent, according to the nature or natural course of the river, Caes. B. G. 4, 17: insula naturā triquetra, by nature, i. e. in shape, id. ib. 5, 13:

naturas apibus quas Juppiter ipse Addidit expediam,

Verg. G. 4, 149.—

Of character, nature, natural disposition, inclination, bent, temper, character:

cognitum per te ipsum, quae tua natura est, dignum tuā amicitiā judicabis,

Cic. Fam. 13, 78, 2:

prolixa beneficaque,

id. ib. 3, 8, 8; Liv. 22, 59: mihi benefacere jam ex consuetudine [p. 1190] in naturam vertit, has become natural, Sall. J. 85, 9.—Prov.:

consuetudo est secunda natura,

August. adv. Jul. 5, 59 fin.; Macr. S. 7, 9, 7; cf.:

voluptatem consuetudine quasi alteram naturam effici,

Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74:

naturam expellas furcā, tamen usque recurret,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 24:

facere sibi naturam alicujus rei,

to accustom one's self to a thing, Quint. 2, 4, 17:

desideria naturae satiare,

Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 25.—

The nature, course, or order of things:

quod rerum natura non patitur,

Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 55:

delabi ad aequitatem et ad rerum naturam,

id. Fam. 6, 10, 5:

naturae satisfacere,

i. e. to die, Cic. Clu. 10, 29; so,

naturae concedere,

Sall. J. 14, 15:—Personified:

quis vero opifex praeter naturam, quā nihil potest esse callidius, tantam sollertiam persequi potuisset in sensibus? quae primum oculos membranis tenuissimis vestivit, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142:

frui primis a natura datis,

id. Fin. 2, 11, 34:

homines rationem habent a naturā datam,

id. ib. 2, 14, 45:

et homini praecipui a naturā nihil datum esse dicemus,

id. ib. 2, 33, 110:

quae (membra corporum) ipsa declarant procreandi a naturā habitam esse rationem,

id. ib. 3, 19, 62:

omnis natura vult esse conservatrix sui,

id. ib. 4, 7, 16; 5, 15, 41;

5, 20, 56: illam partem bene vivendi a natura petebant, eique parendum esse dicebant,

id. Ac. 1, 5, 19.—

Nature, i. e. the world, the universe:

Cleanthes totius naturae menti atque animo hoc nomen (dei) tribuit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 14, 37.—

Nature, i. e. consistency with nature, possibility:

in rerum naturā fuisse,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 8, 24:

hoc quoque in rerum naturam cadit,

is a possible case, Quint. 2, 17, 32:

judicatum est enim, rerum naturam non recipere, ut, etc.,

that it is not in accordance with nature, not possible, Val. Max. 8, 1, abs. 13:—

An element, thing, substance:

Aristoteles quin tam quandam naturam censet esse, e qua sit mens,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 22: de naturis autem sic sentiebat;

primum uti quattuor initiis rerum illis quintam hanc naturam... non adhiberet, etc.,

id. Ac. 1, 11, 39:

natura tenuis aëris,

Lucr. 2, 232.—

The natural parts, organs of generation:

cujus (Mercurii) obscenius excitata natura traditur,

Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 55:

quaedam matrona visa est in quiete obsignatam habere naturam,

id. Div. 2, 70, 145; cf. Varr. R. R. 3, 12, 4; 2, 7, 8.

oscēdo, ĭnis, f. [kindr. with oscito].

An inclination to yawn (post-class.), Gell. 4, 20.—

A sore in the mouth of children, aphthœ, Ser. Samm. 14, 216; Isid. 4, 8, 17.

prō-lŭbĭum, ĭi, n. [lubet].

Subject., will, desire, inclination (ante- and post-class.): muliebre ingenium, prolubium, occasio, Att. ap. Non. 64, 8; Novat. and Laber. ib. 10 and 12; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 28; Gell. 16, 19, 12.—

Object., pleasure (postclass.):

majus,

Gell. 5, 10, 12:

libidinis,

App. M. 10, p. 249, 4.

prō-pendeo, di, sum, 2 (in Plaut. As. 2, 2, 39, the correct reading is propendes), v. n., to hang forth or forward, hang down.

Lit. (class.):

ex ramis propendens,

Plin. 26, 7, 20, § 36; Suet. Galb. 21:

lanx propendet,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 17, 51.—

Trop.

(The figure borrowed from the descending scale of a balance.) To weigh more, haec the preponderance:

nec dependes nec propendes,

weighest neither less nor more, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 39:

si bona propendent,

Cic. Tuse. 5, 31, 86.—

To be inclined or disposed to any thing:

si suā sponte quo impellimus, inclinant atque propendent,

Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 18.—

To be well disposed, favorable:

inclinatione voluntatis propendere in aliquem,

Cic. de Or. 2, 29, 129.—Hence, prō-pensus, a, um, P. a.

Lit., hanging down (post-class.):

propensum labrum,

Sol. 20:

propenso sesquipede,

Pers. 1, 57 dub. —

Transf., = magno pene praeditus (post-class.), Capitol. Gord. 19.—

Trop.

Inclining towards, coming near, approaching (class.); with ad:

disputatio ad veritatis similitudinem propensior,

Cic. N. D. 3, 40, 94:

ad veritatem,

id. Div. 1, 5, 9. —

Heavy, weighty, important (class.):

illa de meā pecuniā ramenta fiat plumea propensior,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 15:

id fit propensius,

more weighty, important, Cic. Par. 3, 2, 24.—

Inclined, disposed, prone to any thing (syn. proclivis); usually constr. with ad or in and acc.; rarely with dat.

With ad:

non tam propensus ad misericordiam, quam inclinatus ad severitatem videbatur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85:

ad dicendum,

id. Fin. 3, 20, 66:

animus propensus ad salutem alicujus,

id. Fam. 4, 13, 5:

ad liberalitatem,

id. Lael. 9, 31.— Comp.:

paulo ad voluptates propensior,

Cic. Off. 1, 30, 105:

ad lenitatem,

id. Mur. 31, 64:

animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,

id. Tusc. 4, 37, 81:

sunt propensiores ad bene merendum quam ad reposcendum,

id. Lael. 9, 32.—

With in and acc.:

propensus in alteram partem,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 4.— Comp.:

propensior benignitas esse debebit in calamitosos,

Cic. Off. 2, 18, 62:

in neutram partem propensiores,

id. Fin. 5, 11, 30.—

With dat.:

in divisione regni propensior fuisse Alexandro videbatur,

more disposed to favor Alexander, Just. 16, 1, 2 (al. pro Alexandro).—

Absol., well-disposed, favorable, willing, ready (class.):

propenso animo aliquid facere,

Cic. Att. 13, 21, 7; Liv. 37, 54:

propensum favorem petiit,

Ov. M. 14, 706.— Sup.: propensissimā civitatum voluntate, Auct. B. Alex. 26.—Hence, adv.: prōpensē, willingly, readily, with inclination (class.): conspiratio propense facta, Lentulus ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 15, 3.— Comp.:

propensius senatum facturum,

Liv. 37, 52:

eoque propensius laudandus est,

App. Flor. p. 98 Oud.

sensus, a, um, Part. of sentio.

sensus, ūs, m. [sentio], the faculty or power of perceiving, perception, feeling, sensation, sense, etc.

Corporeal, perception, feeling, sensation:

omne animal sensus habet: sentit igitur et calida et frigida et dulcia et amara, nec potest ullo sensu jucunda accipere et non accipere contraria: si igitur voluptatis sensum capit, doloris etiam capit. etc.,

Cic. N. D. 3, 13, 32:

moriendi sensum celeritas abstulit,

id. Lael. 3, 12:

si quis est sensus in morte,

id. Phil. 9, 6, 13:

(Niobe) posuit sensum saxea facta mali,

Ov. P. 1, 2, 32:

sensum voluptatemque percipere,

Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12. [p. 1671] —

A sense, capacity for feeling:

ut idem interitus sit animorum et corporum nec ullus sensus maneat, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 4, 14:

tactus corporis est sensus,

Lucr. 2, 435:

oculorum,

id. 3, 361; so,

oculorum, aurium,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 38, 111; id. Fin. 2, 16, 52; id. Div. 2, 52, 107; cf.

videndi,

id. de Or. 2, 87, 357:

audiendi,

id. Rep. 6, 18, 19:

quod neque oculis neque auribus neque ullo sensu percipi potest,

id. Or. 2, 8:

quamquam oriretur (tertia philosophiae pars) a sensibus, tamen non esse judicium veritatis in sensibus,

id. Ac. 1, 8, 30:

res subjectae sensibus,

id. ib. 1, 8, 31:

gustatus, qui est sensus ex omnibus maxime voluptarius,

id. de Or. 3, 25, 99:

sensus autem interpretes ac nuntii rerum in capite et facti et conlocati sunt,

id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:

omne animal sensus habet,

id. ib. 3, 13, 32:

carent conchae visu, omnique sensu alio quam cibi et periculi,

Plin. 9, 30, 48, § 90:

ab eā parte opus orsus, ut a sensu ejus, averteret,

Curt. 4, 6, 9.—

Mental, feeling, sentiment, emotion, affection; sense, understanding, capacity; humor, inclination, disposition, frame of mind, etc.:

ipse in commovendis judicibus eis ipsis sensibus, ad quos illos adducere vellem, permoverer,

Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 189:

an vos quoque hic innocentium cruciatus pari sensu doloris adficit?

id. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 123:

vestri sensus ignarus,

id. Mil. 27, 72:

humanitatis,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 47; id. Rosc. Am. 53, 154:

applicatio animi cum quodam sensu amandi... ut facile earum (bestiarum) sensus appareat... sensus amoris exsistit, etc.,

id. Lael. 8, 27; cf.:

ipsi intellegamus naturā gigni sensum diligendi,

id. ib. 9, 32:

meus me sensus, quanta vis fraterni sit amoris, admonet,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 10:

utere argumento ipse sensus tui,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

nihil est tam molle, tam aut fragile aut flexibile quam voluntas erga nos sensusque civium,

id. Mil. 16, 42:

quae mihi indigna et intolerabilia videntur, ea pro me ipso et animi mei sensu ac dolore pronuntio,

id. Rosc. Am. 44, 129.—

Opinion, thought, sense, view:

animi,

Cic. de Or. 2, 35, 148:

valde mihi placebat sensus ejus de re publicā,

id. Att. 15, 7:

(orator) ita peragrat per animos hominum, ita sensus mentesque pertractat, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222 sq.:

qui est iste tuus sensus, quae cogitatio? Brutos ut non probes, Antonios probes?

id. Phil. 10, 2, 4:

dissidenti sensus suos aperire,

Nep. Dion, 8, 2:

sensus reconditi,

Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 2.—

Esp., the common feelings of humanity, the moral sense, taste, discretion, tact in intercourse with men, often called in full sensus communis (sometimes with hominum), and often in other phrases of similar force:

ut in ceteris (artium studiis) id maxime excellat, quod longissime sit ab imperitorum intellegentiā sensuque disjunctum, in dicendo autem vitium vel maximum sit a volgari genere orationis atque a consuetudine communis sensus abhorrere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

quae versantur in sensu hominum communi,

id. ib. 2, 16, 68; id. Planc. 13, 31:

communis ille sensus in aliis fortasse latuit,

id. ib. 14, 34; Hor. S. 1, 3, 66:

sit in beneficio sensus communis,

Sen. Ben. 1, 12, 3; id. Ep. 5, 4; 105, 3; Quint. 1, 2, 20:

rarus sensus communis in illā fortunā,

Juv. 8, 73. — Plur., Cic. Clu. 6, 17:

ea sunt in communibus infixa sensibus,

id. de Or. 3, 50, 195; so,

vulgaris popularisque sensus,

id. ib. 1, 23, 108:

haec oratio longe a nostris sensibus abhorrebat,

id. ib. 1, 18, 83; cf.:

mirari solebam istum in his ipsis rebus aliquem sensum habere, quem scirem nullā in re quicquam simile hominis habere,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 33.—

Transf. (in the poets, and also in prose after the Aug. per.), of the thinking faculty, sense, understanding, mind, reason (syn.: mens, ratio).

In gen. (rare):

misero quod omnes Eripit sensus mihi,

Cat. 51, 6; cf.:

tibi sensibus ereptis mens excidit,

id. 66, 25; Ov. M. 3, 631; 14, 178:

(quibus fortuna) sensum communem abstulit,

common sense, Phaedr. 1, 7, 4 (in another signif., v. supra, II. A. fin., and infra, 2. fin.):

eam personam, quae furore detenta est, quia sensum non habet, etc.,

Dig. 24, 3, 22, § 7:

nec potest animal injuriam fecisse, quod sensu caret,

ib. 9, 1, 1, § 3.—

In partic., of discourse.

Abstr., sense, idea, notion, meaning, signification (syn.: sententia, notio, significatio, vis; poet. and post-Aug.; freq. in Quint.): nec testamenti potuit sensus colligi, Phaedr. 4, 5, 19:

verba, quibus voces sensusque notarent,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 103:

is verbi sensus,

Ov. F. 5, 484:

quae verbis aperta occultos sensus habent,

Quint. 8, 2, 20:

ambiguitas, quae turbare potest sensum,

id. 8, 2, 16:

verba duos sensus significantia,

id. 6, 3, 48: allêgoria aliud verbis, aliud sensu ostendit, id. 8, 6, 44:

Pomponium sensibus celebrem, verbis rudem,

Vell. 2, 9, 5:

horum versuum sensus atque ordo sic, opinor, est,

Gell. 7, 2, 10:

egregie dicta circa eumdem sensum tria,

Sen. Ep. 7, 10.—Introducing a quotation:

erat autem litterarum sensus hujusmodi,

Amm. 20, 8, 4.—With gen. person:

salvo modo poëtae sensu,

the meaning, Quint. 1, 9, 2.—

Concr., a thought expressed in words, a sentence, period (postAug.):

sensus omnis habet suum finem, poscitque naturale intervallum, quo a sequentis initio dividatur,

Quint. 9, 4, 61; 7, 10, 16; cf. id. 11, 2, 20:

puer ut sciat, ubi claudatur sensus,

id. 1, 8, 1:

ridendi, qui velut leges prooemiis omnibus dederunt, ut intra quattuor sensus terminarentur,

id. 4, 1, 62:

verbo sensum cludere multo optimum est,

id. 9, 4, 26 et saep.—Hence, communes sensus (corresp. with loci), commonplaces, Tac. Or. 31.

sententĭa, ae, f. [for sentientia, from sentio], a way of thinking, opinion, judgment, sentiment; a purpose, determination, decision, will, etc.

Lit. (cf.: opinio, voluntas, studium).

In gen.:

quoniam sententiae atque opinionis meae voluistis esse participes, nihil occultabo et quoad potero, vobis exponam, quid de quāque re sentiam,

Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 172:

sententia et opinio mea,

id. ib. 2, 34, 146:

senis sententia de nuptiis,

Ter. And. 1, 3, 2:

de aliquā re,

id. Ad. 3, 5, 5; id. Phorm. 2, 4, 4; cf.:

de diis immortalibus habere non errantem et vagam, sed stabilem certamque sententiam,

Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 2:

de hac sententiā Non demovebor,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 45; cf. Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 52:

de sententiā deducere, deicere, depellere, deterrere, decedere, desistere, etc., v. h. vv.: nisi quid tua secus sententia est,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 95; cf.:

mihi sententia eadem est,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 44:

adhuc in hac sum sententiā, nihil ut faciamus nisi, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 5:

eā omnes stant sententiā,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 35; cf.:

perstat in sententiā Saturius,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 18, 56; so,

in sententiā manere, permanere, etc., v. h. vv.: non prima sed melior vicit sententia,

Plin. Pan. 76, 2.— Plur.:

variis dictis sententiis, quarum pars censebant, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 77:

erant sententiae, quae censerent,

id. B. C. 2, 30:

sententiae numerantur, non ponderantur,

Plin. Ep. 2, 12, 5:

nos quibus Cotta tantum modo locos ac sententias hujus disputationis tradidisset,

the leading thoughts, Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 16.—Prov.:

quot homines, tot sententiae,

many men, many minds, Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 14; Cic. Fin. 1, 5, 15. —

In the phrases,

Sententia est, with subj.-clause, it is my purpose, will, opinion, etc., Auct. Her. 3, 24, 40:

si honestatem tueri ac retinere sententia est,

if one's purpose be, if one be determined, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 116; and: stat sententia, with obj.clause, Ov. M. 8, 67; cf.

, parenthetically: sic stat sententia,

id. ib. 1, 243.—

De sententiā alicujus aliquid facere, Cic. Cael. 29, 68:

neque ego haud committam, ut si quid peccatum siet, Fecisse dicas de meā sententiā,

according to my wish, to suit me, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 115:

gerere,

Cic. Sull. 19 fin.; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53; id. Att. 16, 16, C, § 11; 7, 5 fin.; Liv. 38, 45, 5 et saep.—

Meā quidem sententiā, in my opinion or judgment, as I think:

nimis stulte faciunt, meā quidem sententiā,

Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 5:

meā quidem sententiā,

id. Cas. 3, 3, 1; id. Poen. 5, 6, 1; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 40; 5, 9, 2; id. Phorm. 2, 2, 21;

and simply meā sententiā,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 11; id. Merc. 2, 3, 58; Cic. Rep. 1, 26, 42; 1, 45, 69; id. de Or. 2, 23, 95 al.—

Ex meā (tuā, etc.) sententiā, according to my ( thy, etc.) wish:

quoniam haec evenerunt nostrā ex sententiā,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 89; id. Cist. 1, 2, 7; id. Men. 2, 2, 1; 5, 7, 30; id. Truc. 5, 72; id. Capt. 2, 3, 87; Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 5; Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 3; 2, 15, 1; and more freq., simply ex sententiā, to one's mind or liking, Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 18; id. Capt. 2, 2, 97; id. Mil. 4, 1, 1; id. Aul. 4, 1, 3; id. Truc. 5, 69; Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 17; id. Hec. 5, 4, 32; id. Phorm. 2, 1, 26; Cic. de Or. 1, 27, 123; id. Att. 5, 21; id. Fam. 1, 7, 5; 12, 10, 2; Sall. J. 43, 5 et saep. (v. also infra, B. 2.).—

Praeter animi sententiam, against one's inclination:

quam (crapulam) potavi praeter animi mei sententiam,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 7, 29.—

In partic., publicists' and jurid. t.t., an official determination, a decision, sentence, judgment, vote (cf. suffragium):

SENATVOS SENTENTIAM VTEI SCIENTES ESETIS, EORVM SENTENTIA ITA FVIT, S. C. de Bacch.: (L. Tarquinius) antiquos patres majorum gentium appellavit, quos priores sententiam rogabat,

Cic. Rep. 2, 20, 35:

non viribus... res magnae geruntur, sed consilio, auctoritate, sententiā,

id. Sen. 6, 17:

(Marcellinus) sententiam dixit, ut, etc.... postea Racilius de privatis me primum sententiam rogavit, etc.,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 2:

accurate sententiam dixi... factum est senatusconsultum in meam sententiam,

id. Att. 4, 1, 6:

DE SENATVOS SENTENTIAD... DE PR. VRBANI SENATVOSQVE SENTENTIAD, S. C. de Bacch.: ex senatus sententiā,

Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 1:

victos paucis sententiis,

Liv. 22, 61, 8.—Hence, sententiam dare, to vote:

meae partes exquirendae magis sententiae quam dandae sunt,

Liv. 8, 20, 12:

omnes in eam sententiam ierunt,

id. 23, 10, 4:

cum in hanc sententiam pedibus omnes issent,

id. 22, 56, 1:

aliquem sequor, aliquem jubebo sententiam dividere,

to divide the question, Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 2; cf.:

quod fieri in senatu solet... cum censuit aliquis quod ex parte mihi placeat, jubeo illum dividere sententiam et sequor,

id. Ep. 21, 9.—Hence, de eventu fortuna judicat, cui de me sententiam non do, I give no vote, Sen. Ep. 14, 16.—Of the people in the comitia:

de singulis magistratibus sententiam ferre,

Cic. Agr. 2, 11, 26:

de quo foedere populus Romanus sententiam non tulit,

id. Balb. 15, 34.—Of the votes of judges:

itur in consilium: servus ille innocens omnibus sententiis absolvitur, quo facilius vos hunc omnibus sententiis condemnare possitis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 100; id. Clu. 26, 72:

condemnatur enim perpaucis sententiis,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 75: M. Cato (judex) sententiam dixit, pronounced the decision or sentence, id. Off. 3, 16, 66:

sententiis paribus reus absolvitur,

Sen. Ep. 81, 26.—

Ex animi mei (tui) sententiā, in the formula of an oath, to the best of my ( your) knowledge and belief, on my ( your) conscience:

(majores) jurare ex sui animi sententiā quemque voluerunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 47, 146:

quod ex animi tui sententiā juraris, id non facere perjurium est,

id. Off. 3, 29, 108; Liv. 22, 53, 10; 43, 15 fin. —In a play on this signif. and that of ex sententiā, supra:

ridicule illud L. Nasica censori Catoni, cum ille: Ex tui animi sententiā tu uxorem habes? Non hercule, inquit, ex animi mei sententiā,

Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 260; cf. Quint. 8, 5 init.; Gell. 4, 20, 2 sqq.— Transf., as a formula of assurance:

me quidem, ex animi mei sententiā, nulla oratio laedere potest,

by my faith, Sall. J. 85, 27.—

Transf., of words, discourse, etc., sense, meaning, signification, idea, notion, etc.:

sonitum ut possis sentire, neque illam Internoscere, verborum sententiam quae sit,

Lucr. 4, 561:

cum verbum potest in duas plurisve sententias accipi,

Auct. Her. 4, 53, 67:

cum continenter verbum non in eādem sententiā ponitur,

Cic. Or. 39, 136:

formantur et verba et sententiae paene innumerabiliter,

id. de Or. 3, 52, 201:

cognitā sententiā verba subtiliter exquiri noluerunt,

id. Caecin. 20, 57:

quod summum bonum a Stoicis dicitur convenienter naturae vivere, id habet hanc, ut opinor, sententiam: cum virtute congruere semper,

id. Off. 3, 3, 13:

haec (philosophia) nos docuit, ut nosmet ipsos nosceremus: cujus praecepti tanta vis, tanta sententia est, ut ea non homini cuipiam, sed Delphico deo tribueretur,

such depth of meaning, id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:

legis (with vis),

id. ib. 2, 5, 11:

de Domitio dixit versum Graecum eādem sententiā, quā etiam nos habemus Latinum: Pereant amici, etc.,

id. Deiot. 9, 25:

est vitium in sententiā, si quid absurdum, aut alienum est,

id. Opt. Gen. 3, 7; cf. id. de Or. 3, 52, 200.—

Concr.

In gen., a thought expressed in words; a sentence, period: dum de singulis sententiis breviter [p. 1672] disputo, Cic. Phil. 13, 10, 22:

est brevitate opus, ut currat sententia, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 9:

initia et clausulae sententiarum,

Quint. 9, 3, 45; cf. id. 9, 3, 36; 11, 3, 135; 8, 4, 26; 9, 4, 18; 9, 4, 29; 10, 1, 130 al.—

In partic., a philosophical proposition, an aphorism, apophthegm, maxim, axiom (cf. praeceptum): selectae (Epicuri) brevesque sententiae, quas appellatis kurias doxas, Cic. N. D. 1, 30, 85:

quid est tam jucundum cognitu atque auditu, quam sapientibus sententiis gravibusque verbis ornata oratio et perpolita,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 31:

acutae,

id. ib. 2, 8, 34:

concinnae acutaeque,

id. Brut. 78, 272; Quint. 8, 5, 2 sq.; 9, 3, 76; 10, 1, 60;

11, 3, 120 al.: (Sophocles) sententiis densus,

id. 10, 1, 68; cf. id. 10, 1, 90; 10, 1, 102:

subiti ictūs sententiarum,

Sen. Ep. 100, 8.

vŏluntas, ātis, f. [1. volo], will, freewill, wish, choice, desire, inclination.

Lit.

In gen.: simul objecta species cujuspiam est, quod bonum videatur, ad id adipiscendum impellit ipsa natura: id cum constanter prudenterque fit, ejusmodi appetitionem Stoici boulêsin appellant, nos appellamus voluntatem:

eam illi putant in solo esse sapiente, quam sic definiunt: Voluntas est, quae quid cum ratione desiderat: quae autem adversus rationem incitata est vehementius, ea libido est vel cupiditas effrenata, quae in omnibus stultis invenitur,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 12; id. Rep. 1, 2, 3:

talis est quaeque res publica, qualis ejus aut natura aut voluntas, qui illam regit,

id. ib. 1, 31, 47:

judicium voluntasque multitudinis,

id. ib. 1, 45, 69:

mentem voluntatemque suscipere,

id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:

quid esset suae voluntatis ostendere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 109:

has patitur poenas peccandi sola voluntas,

Juv. 13, 208:

sit pro ratione voluntas,

id. 6, 223.— Plur.:

ut ejus semper voluntatibus non modo cives assenserint, etc.,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48.—

Adverbial phrases.

Suā (alicujus) voluntate, or simply voluntate, of one's own will, of one's own accord, willingly, voluntarily (cf.:

sponte, ultro),

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 2:

ut verum esset, suā voluntate sapientem descendere, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 11:

suā voluntate, nullā vi coactus,

id. Fin. 2, 20, 65: dictus filius tuos vostrā voluntate, Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 2:

tu coactus es tuā voluntate,

id. And. 4, 1, 33:

istuc, quod expetis, meā voluntate concedam,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 9, 27:

reditus in patriam voluntate omnium concedi videretur,

id. Fam. 13, 5, 2.—Alone:

nisi voluntate ibis, rapiam te domum,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 40:

quod jus vos cogit, id voluntate impetret,

Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 44:

aequius erat id voluntate fieri,

Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28:

aliae civitates voluntate in ditionem venerunt,

Liv. 29, 38, 1.—

Ad voluntatem, de, ex voluntate, according to the will, with the consent, at the desire of any one:

ad voluntatem loqui,

at the will of another, Cic. Quint. 30, 93; id. Par. 5, 2, 39:

vultus et sermo ad aliorum sensum et voluntatem commutandus,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 11, 42:

vix tamen sibi de meā voluntate concessum est,

id. Att. 4, 2, 4:

illud accidit praeter optatum meum, sed valde ex voluntate,

id. Pis. 20, 46:

ex Caesaris voluntate,

id. Fam. 13, 29, 7; cf.:

praeter legem et sui voluntatem patris studeat, etc.,

Ter. And. 5, 3, 9.—

In partic.

Disposition towards a person or thing, good or bad:

erratis, si senatum probare ea... putatis, populum autem esse in aliā voluntate,

Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

offensā in eum militum voluntate,

Nep. Dion, 8, 3:

celans, quā voluntate esset in regem,

id. Dat. 5, 5:

legati, qui de ejus voluntate explorarent,

id. Hann. 2, 2.—And with bona:

neque bonae voluntatis ullum signum erga nos tyranni habemus,

Liv. 38, 14, 7:

quid nunc mihi prodest bona voluntas,

Sen. Ben. 4, 21, 6; 5, 3, 2; 5, 4, 1; id. Ep. 81, 8: non nudum cum bonā voluntate, sed cum facultatibus accedere ad patriae auxilium, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 2. —

More freq. voluntas alone = bona voluntas, good-will, favor, affection (syn. benignitas):

voluntas erga Caesarem,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6, § 20; Caes. B. C. 2, 17:

summa in se (with summum studium),

id. B. G. 1, 19:

mutua,

Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 1:

aliena a te,

id. Lig. 2, 6:

voluntas vestra si ad poëtam accesserit,

Ter. Phorm. prol. 29:

singularis voluntas Campanae vicinitatis,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 3, 8:

mansisset eadem voluntas in eorum posteris, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 41, 64. —

A last will, testament:

defensio testamentorum ac voluntatis mortuorum,

Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 242; Plin. Ep. 2, 16, 2; 4, 10, 3; 5, 7, 2; Tac. H. 1, 48; Amm. 21, 15, 5; 28, 1, 35; 28, 4, 22;

called also ultima,

Dig. 35, 1, 6; cf.:

per testamentum aut per aliam quamlibet ultimam voluntatem,

other expression of his will, Just. Inst. 1, 5, 1.—

An object, purpose:

cum sint in dicendo variae voluntates,

Cic. Brut. 21, 83; cf.:

quantam voluntatem habent ad hunc opprimendum,

id. Font. 18, 40 (14, 30).—

Transf. (acc. to 1. volo, I. E. 4. b.), of speech, meaning, sense, signification, import (only post-Aug.; esp. freq. in Quint.;

syn. vis): verbis legum standum sit an voluntate,

Quint. 7, 10, 6; so (opp. verba) id. 7, 1, 49; 7, 5, 4; cf.:

quaestio juris omnis aut verborum proprietate aut voluntatis conjectura continetur,

id. 12, 2, 19; 6, 2, 9:

verborum vi aut voluntate,

id. 8, praef. 10:

legis,

id. 3, 6, 99:

nominis,

id. 7, 10, 1.