imperial

ōrācŭlum (sync. oraclum: ex oraclo, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42, or Trag. v. 65 Vahl.; plur, oracla, Att. ap. Non. 488, 2, or Trag. Rel. p. 185 Rib.; Ov. M. 1, 321), i, n. [oro], a divine announcement, an oracle (class.).

Lit.:

oracula ex eo ipso appellata sunt, quod inest in his deorum oratio,

Cic. Top. 20, 77:

quid est enim oraculum? nempe voluntas divina hominis ore enuntiata,

Sen. Contr. 1 praef.:

edere,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:

petere a Dodonā,

id. Div. 1, 43, 95:

quaerere,

Verg. G. 4, 449:

poscere,

id. A. 3, 456:

consulere,

Ov. M. 3, 8:

Delphis oracula cessant,

Juv. 6, 555.—

Transf.

In gen., a prophetic declaration, a prophecy:

exposui somnii et furoris oracula,

Cic. Div. 1, 32, 70; 1, 50, 115.—

A place where oracular responses were given, an oracle:

illud oraculum Delphis tam celebre,

Cic. Div. 1, 19, 37:

Hammonis,

Plin. 12, 23, 49, § 107:

Delphicum,

Macr. S. 1, 18, 4.—

Esp. (eccl. Lat.), the mercy-seat, the place in the tabernacle in which the presence of God was manifest, Vulg. Exod. 25, 18; 40, 18:

oraculum templi, sanctum sanctorum,

id. 3 Reg. 8, 6.—

An oracular saying, oracle pronounced by a man:

haec ego nunc physicorum oracula fundo,

Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 66:

inde illa reliqua oracula: nequam agricolam esse, etc.,

Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 40.—

An imperial rescript, Just. Inst. 1, 11, 11.

ōrātĭo, ōnis, f. [oro], a speaking, speech, discourse, language

In gen., the connection of words to express thought:

non est autem in verbo modus hic, sed in oratione, id est, in continuatione verborum,

Cic. 3, 42, 167.

Speech, the power or faculty of speech, the habit or use of language:

quae (ferae) sunt rationis et orationis expertes,

Cic. Off. 1, 16, 50:

natura vi rationis hominem conciliat homini et ad orationis et ad vitae societatem,

id. ib. 1, 4, 12.—

Speech, language, utterance; opp. to fact, action, etc.:

lenitudo orationis, mollitudo corporis,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 16, 46:

idque videns Epicurus re tollit, oratione relinquit deos,

id. N. D. 1, 44, 123:

qui sunt leves locutores... eorum orationem bene existimatum est in ore nasci, non in pectore,

Gell. 1, 15, 1:

nam quid te igitur rettulit beneficum esse oratione, si ad rem auxilium emortuum est,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 19:

ut in vitā, sic in oratione, nihil est difficilius quam quid deceat videre,

Cic. Or. 21, 70: qualis homo ipse esset, talem ejus esse orationem;

orationi autem facta similia, factis vitam,

id. Tusc. 5, 16, 47:

partes igitur orationis secundum dialecticos duae, nomen et verbum,

parts of speech, Prisc. 2, 4, 15.—

Hence, a mode of speaking; a kind, manner, style of speech; language:

quin tu istanc orationem hinc veterem atque antiquam amoves. Nam proletario sermone nunc utere,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 155: nam opulenti cum loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, eadem dicta eademque oratio aequa non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4, 3: quam tibi ex ore orationem duriter dictis dedit, id. ap. Non. p. 512, 8:

aliam nunc mihi orationem despoliato praedicas,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 52: Creta est profecto horum hominum oratio, quam orationem [p. 1275] hanc aures dulce devorant, id. Poen. 5, 2, 9:

(Andria et Perinthia) non ita sunt dissimili argumento, sed tamen Dissimili oratione,

Ter. And. prol. 11.—Esp. (in gram.): oratio obliqua, indirect speech, the use of dependent clauses in citing the language of others:

quam (orationem) obliquam Pompeius Trogus exposuit (opp. to conciones directae),

Just. 38, 3, 11.—Hence,

Mode of speech, language, use of language, style:

mollis est enim oratio philosophorum,

Cic. Or. 19, 64:

(fabulae) tenui oratione et scripturā levi,

Ter. Phorm. prol. 5:

ut Stoicorum est astrictior oratio aliquantoque contractior, quam aures populi requirunt, sic illorum (Peripateticorum) liberior et latior, quam patitur consuetudo judiciorum et fori,

Cic. Brut. 31, 120:

orationem Latinam efficies profecto legendis nostris pleniorem,

id. Off. 1, 1, 2; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 1.—

Esp., the language of any people or nation:

Timaeus in historiis quas oratione Graecā composuit,

Gell. 11, 1, 1:

semper cum Graecis Latina (exempla) conjunxi... ut par sis in utriusque orationis facultate,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 1.—

In partic., formal language, artificial discourse, set speech (opp. to sermo, ordinary speech, conversational language):

mollis est oratio philosophorum et umbratilis, nec verbis instructa popularibus nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius: itaque sermo potiusquam oratio dicitur. Quamquam enim omnis locutio oratio est, tamen unius oratoris locutio hoc proprio dignata nomine est,

Cic. Or. 19, 64; cf.:

et quoniam magna vis orationis est eaque duplex, altera contentionis, altera sermonis, contentio disceptationibus tribuatur judiciorum, contionum, senatus, sermo in circulis, disputationibus, congressionibus familiarium versetur, sequatur etiam convivia,

id. Off. 1, 37, 132.—Hence,

A set speech, harangue, discourse, oration:

(oratio) ut gravis, ut suavis, ut erudita sit, ut liberalis, ut polita, ut sensus, ut doloris habeat quantum opus sit, non est singulorum articulorum: in toto spectantur haec corpore, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 96; cf.

the context: illam orationem disertam sibi et oratoriam videri, fortem et virilem non videri,

id. ib. 1, 54, 231:

hanc habere orationem mecum principio institit,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 21:

pleraeque scribuntur orationes habitae jam, non ut habeantur,

Cic. Brut. 24, 91:

non est haec oratio habenda apud imperitam multitudinem,

id. Mur. 29, 61:

ignarus faciundae ac poliendae orationis,

id. de Or. 1, 14, 63:

in orationibus hisce ipsis judiciorum, contionum, senatus,

id. ib. 1, 16, 73:

quanta illa, di immortales, fuit gravitas, quanta in oratione majestas! sed adfuistis, et est in manibus oratio,

id. Lael. 25, 96:

qui orationem adversus rem publicam habuissent, eorum bona in publicum adducebat,

Caes. B. C. 2, 18, 5:

ab adulescentiā confecit orationes,

Nep. Cat. 3, 3:

Catonis aliae acerbae orationes extant, etc.,

Liv. 39, 42, 6:

oratio plebi acceptior,

id. 3, 69:

accurata et polita,

Cic. Brut. 95, 326:

longa,

Liv. 34, 5:

acris et vehemens,

Quint. 5, 13, 25:

admirabilis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 94:

angusta et concisa, opp. collata et diffusa,

id. Or. 56, 187:

aspera, tristis, horrida, neque perfecta neque conclusa, opp. laevis et structa et terminata,

id. ib. 5, 20:

circumcisa et brevis,

Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 4:

rotunda et undique circumcisa,

Quint. 8, 5, 27:

cohaerens,

Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 173:

concinna,

id. ib. 3, 25, 98:

stabilis, opp. volubilis,

id. Or. 56, 187.—

Transf.

The power of oratory, eloquence:

tantam vim habet illa, quae recte a bono poëtā dicta est, flexamina atque omnium regina rerum oratio, ut non modo inclinantem excipere aut stantem inclinare, sed etiam adversantem ac repugnantem ut imperator fortis ac bonus capere possit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 187:

satis in eo fuisse orationis atque ingenii,

id. Brut. 45, 165:

non enim verendum est ne te in tam bonā causā deficiat oratio,

Lact. 2, 3.—

Prose (opp. to poetry):

et in poëmatis et in oratione,

Cic. Or. 21, 70.—

(In gram.) A sentence, a clause expressing a complete sense:

oratio est ordinatio dictionum congrua sententiam perfectam demonstrans,

Prisc. 2, 4, 15:

oratio dicitur liber rhetoricus, necnon unaquaeque dictio hoc saepe nomine nuncupatur cum plenam ostendit sententiam,

id. ib.: defectio litterae, et syllabae, et dictionis, et orationis, id. 17, 1, 5.—

(Under the empire.) An imperial message, rescript:

orationes ad senatum missae,

Suet. Ner. 15:

oratio principis per quaestorem ejus audita est,

Tac. A. 16, 27:

orationesque in senatu recitaret etiam quaestoris vice,

Suet. Tit. 6; cf. id. Aug. 65.—

A prayer, an address to the Deity (eccl. Lat.):

respice ad orationem servi tui,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 8, 28:

per orationes Dominum rogantes,

id. 2 Macc. 10, 16:

pernoctans in oratione Dei,

id. Luc. 6, 12.—Also absol., prayer, the habit or practice of prayer:

perseverantes in oratione,

Vulg. Act. 1, 14:

orationi instate,

id. Col. 4, 2; cf. Gell. 13, 22, 1.

ornāmentum, i, n. [orno].

In gen., apparatus, accoutrement, equipment, furniture, trappings, etc. (class.):

sine ornamentis,

i. e. naked, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 109:

ceterae copiae, ornamenta, praesidia,

Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24; id. Verr. 2, 5, 32, § 83:

ornamenta bubus, ornamenta asinis instrata tria (collar, saddle, etc.),

Cato, R. R. 11, 4:

per ornamenta percussus,

i. e. arms, Sen. Ep. 14, 14.—Esp of a player's wardrobe, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 16 sq.; id. Pers. 1, 3, 19; Plin. 2, 3, 4, § 8, as translation of kosmos.—

In partic., an ornamental equipment, ornament, mark of honor, decoration, embellishment, jewel, trinket.

Lit.:

pecuniam, omniaque ornamenta ex fano Herculis in oppidum contulit,

jewels, Caes. B. C. 2, 18; so Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 90; Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 9:

quae (urbs) praesidio et ornamento est civitati,

Caes. B. G. 7, 15:

ipse ornamenta a chorago haec sumpsit,

i. e. a dress, costume, attire, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 16:

AB ORNAMEN TIS,

one who has charge of the imperial ornaments, Inscr. Grut. 578, 9: ornamenta triumphalia, consularia, etc., the insignia of triumphing generals, consuls, etc. (The emperors distributed, honoris causā, such ornaments to men who had distinguished themselves):

pluribus triumphalia ornamenta decernenda curavit,

Suet. Aug. 38:

decem praetoriis viris consularia ornamenta tribuit,

id. Caes. 76:

ornamenta uxoria,

title, rank, id. Ner. 35.—

Trop., an ornament, a distinction:

decus atque ornamentum senectutis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199:

Q. Hortensius, lumen atque ornamentum rei publicae,

ornament, pride, id. Mil. 14, 37:

vir optimus, et inter praecipua saeculi ornamenta numerandus,

Plin. Ep. 8, 12, 1:

ornamentis afficere aliquem,

Cic. Balb. 19, 43:

quaecumque a me ornamenta ad te proficiscentur,

id. Fam. 2, 19, 2:

honoris,

id. Cat. 3, 11, 26:

ornamenta atque insignia honoris,

id. Sull. 31, 88.—

Esp., rhetorical ornament:

oratoria ornamenta dicendi,

Cic. Brut. 75, 261; 37, 140: so,

dicendi,

id. de Or. 2, 28, 22:

sententiarum,

id. Brut. 37, 140.

pălūdātus, a, um, adj., dressed in a military cloak (v. paludamentum).

In gen. (very rare):

virgines,

Fest. p. 329 Müll.—Hence, a soldier:

qui invident stipendia paludatis,

Sid. Ep. 5, 7. —

In partic., dressed in a general's cloak (class. and common):

cum proficiscebamini paludati in provincias... consules vos quisquam putavit?

Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf. id. Sest. 33, 71; id. Att. 4, 13, 2:

Pansa noster paludatus a. d. III. Kalend. Jan. profectus est,

Cic. Fam. 15, 17, 3:

ut paludati (consules) exeant,

Caes. B. C. 1, 6, 6:

non paludati, sine lictoribus,

Liv. 41, 10:

praesedit paludatus,

Suet. Claud. 21; cf. Tac. A. 12, 56:

cumque paludatis ducibus,

Juv. 6, 399; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 31:

aula, i. e.,

imperial, Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 596.

Parrhăsĭa ( Parră-), ae, f., = Parrasia, a town of Arcadia, Plin. 4, 6, 10, § 20.—Hence,

Parrhăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., Parrhasian; poet. for Arcadian:

Parrhasis ursa,

the Great Bear, Ov. H. 18, 152:

Arctos,

id. Tr. 1, 3, 48:

Parrhasides stellae, i. e. septemtriones,

id. F. 4, 577.— Subst.:

Parrhasis erubuit,

i. e. Callisto, Ov. M. 2, 460.—

Parrhăsĭus, a, um, adj., Arcadian:

Parrhasius Evander,

Verg. A. 11, 31:

dea,

i. e. Carmenta, the mother of Evander, Ov. F. 1, 618:

nives,

id. ib. 2, 276:

virgo,

i. e. Callisto, id. Tr. 2, 190: pennae, i. e. given by Mercury, who was an Arcadian, Luc. 9, [p. 1306] 660:

triones,

Charles's Wain, Mart. 6, 58, 1;

called also Parrhasium jugum,

id. 6, 25, 2:

ursa,

the Great Bear, id. 4, 11, 3:

axis,

the north pole, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1281.—

Transf., Palatine, imperial (because Evander the Arcadian settled on the Palatine Hill):

Parrhasia domus,

Mart. 7, 56, 2:

aula,

id. 7, 99, 3; 8, 36, 3; 12, 15, 1.

Parrhăsĭa ( Parră-), ae, f., = Parrasia, a town of Arcadia, Plin. 4, 6, 10, § 20.—Hence,

Parrhăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., Parrhasian; poet. for Arcadian:

Parrhasis ursa,

the Great Bear, Ov. H. 18, 152:

Arctos,

id. Tr. 1, 3, 48:

Parrhasides stellae, i. e. septemtriones,

id. F. 4, 577.— Subst.:

Parrhasis erubuit,

i. e. Callisto, Ov. M. 2, 460.—

Parrhăsĭus, a, um, adj., Arcadian:

Parrhasius Evander,

Verg. A. 11, 31:

dea,

i. e. Carmenta, the mother of Evander, Ov. F. 1, 618:

nives,

id. ib. 2, 276:

virgo,

i. e. Callisto, id. Tr. 2, 190: pennae, i. e. given by Mercury, who was an Arcadian, Luc. 9, [p. 1306] 660:

triones,

Charles's Wain, Mart. 6, 58, 1;

called also Parrhasium jugum,

id. 6, 25, 2:

ursa,

the Great Bear, id. 4, 11, 3:

axis,

the north pole, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1281.—

Transf., Palatine, imperial (because Evander the Arcadian settled on the Palatine Hill):

Parrhasia domus,

Mart. 7, 56, 2:

aula,

id. 7, 99, 3; 8, 36, 3; 12, 15, 1.

Parrhăsĭa ( Parră-), ae, f., = Parrasia, a town of Arcadia, Plin. 4, 6, 10, § 20.—Hence,

Parrhăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., Parrhasian; poet. for Arcadian:

Parrhasis ursa,

the Great Bear, Ov. H. 18, 152:

Arctos,

id. Tr. 1, 3, 48:

Parrhasides stellae, i. e. septemtriones,

id. F. 4, 577.— Subst.:

Parrhasis erubuit,

i. e. Callisto, Ov. M. 2, 460.—

Parrhăsĭus, a, um, adj., Arcadian:

Parrhasius Evander,

Verg. A. 11, 31:

dea,

i. e. Carmenta, the mother of Evander, Ov. F. 1, 618:

nives,

id. ib. 2, 276:

virgo,

i. e. Callisto, id. Tr. 2, 190: pennae, i. e. given by Mercury, who was an Arcadian, Luc. 9, [p. 1306] 660:

triones,

Charles's Wain, Mart. 6, 58, 1;

called also Parrhasium jugum,

id. 6, 25, 2:

ursa,

the Great Bear, id. 4, 11, 3:

axis,

the north pole, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1281.—

Transf., Palatine, imperial (because Evander the Arcadian settled on the Palatine Hill):

Parrhasia domus,

Mart. 7, 56, 2:

aula,

id. 7, 99, 3; 8, 36, 3; 12, 15, 1.