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  • 41 AF

    of
    * * *
    prep. w. dat.
    I. Of place:
    1) off, from;
    G. hljóp af hesti sínum, G. jumped off his horse;
    ganga af mótinu, to go away from the meeting;
    Flosi kastaði af sér skikkjunni, threw off his cloak;
    Gizzur gekk af útsuðri at gerðinu, from the south-west;
    hann hafði leyst af sér skúa sína, he had taken off his shoes;
    Steinarr vildi slíta hann af sér, throw him off;
    tók Gísli þá af sér vápnin, took off his arms;
    bréf af Magnúsi konungi, a letter from king Magnus;
    hverr af öðrum, one after another, in succession;
    vil ek þú vinnir af þér skuldina, work off the debt;
    muntu enga sætt af mér fá, no peace at my hand;
    rísa af dauða, to rise from the dead;
    vakna af draumi, to awaken from a dream;
    lúka upp af hrossi, to open a gate from off a horse;
    vindr stóð af landi, the wind blew from the land;
    2) out of;
    verða tekinn af heimi, to be taken out of the world;
    gruflar hón af læknum, she scrambles out of the brook;
    Otradalr var mjök af vegi, far out of the way.
    Connected with út; föstudaginn fór út herrinn af borginni, marched out of the town.
    II. Of time; past, beyond:
    af ómagaaldri, able to support oneself, of age;
    ek em nú af léttasta skeiði, no longer in the prime of life;
    þá er sjau vikur eru af sumri, when seven weeks of summer are past;
    var mikit af nótt, much of the night was past.
    III. In various other relations:
    1) þiggja lið af e-m, to receive help from one;
    hafa umboð af e-m, to be another’s deputy;
    vera góðs (ills) maklegr af e-m, to deserve good (bad) of one;
    féll þar lið mart af Eyvindi, many of Eyvind’s men fell there;
    þá eru þeir útlagir ok af goðorði sínu, have forfeited their goðorð;
    þá skalt þú af allri fjárheimtunni, forfeit all the claim;
    ek skal stefna þér af konunni, summon thee to give up;
    2) off, of;
    höggva fót, hönd, af e-m, to cut off one’s foot, hand;
    vil ek, at þú takir slíkt sem þér líkar af varningi, whatever you like of the stores;
    þar lá forkr einn ok brotit af endanum, with the point broken off;
    absol., beit hann höndina af, bit the hand off;
    fauk af höfuðit, the head flew off;
    3) of, among;
    hinn efniligasti maðr af ungum mönnum, the most promising of the young men;
    4) with;
    hláða, (ferma) skip af e-u, to load (freight) a ship with;
    fylla heiminn af sínu kyni, to fill the world with his offspring;
    5) of (= ór which is more frequent);
    húsit var gert af timbr stokkum, was built of trunks of trees;
    6) fig., eigi vita menn hvat af honum er orðit, what has become of him;
    hvat hefir þú gert af Gunnari, what hast thou done with Gunnar?;
    7) denoting parentage, descent, origin;
    ok eru af þeim komnir Gilsbekkingar, are descended from them;
    kominn af Trójumönnum, descended from the Trojans;
    8) by, of (after passive);
    ek em sendr hingat af Starkaði, sent hither by;
    ástsæll af landsmónnum, beloved of;
    9) on account of, by reason of, by;
    úbygðr at frosti ok kulda, because of frost and cold;
    ómáli af áverkum, speechless from wounds;
    af ástæld hans, by his popularity;
    af því, therefore;
    af hví, wherefor why;
    af því at, because;
    10) by means of, by;
    framfœra e-n af verkum sínum, by means of his own labour;
    af sínu fé, by one’s own means;
    absol., hann fekk af hina mestu sœmd, derived great honour from it;
    11) with adjectives, in regard to;
    mildr af fé, liberal of money;
    góðr af griðum, merciful;
    12) used absol. with a verb, off away;
    hann bað hann þá róa af fjörðinn, to row the firth off;
    ok er þeir höfðu af fjörðung, when they had covered one forth of the way;
    sofa af nóttina, to sleep the night away.
    * * *
    prep. often used elliptically by dropping the case, or even merely adverbially, [Ulf. af; A. S. and Engl. of, off; Hel. ab; Germ. ab; Gr. άπό; Lat. a, ab.] With dat. denoting a motion a loco; one of the three prepp. af, ór, frá, corresponding to those in loco—á, í, við, and ad locum—á, í, at. It in general corresponds to the prepp. in loco—á, or in locum— til, whilst ór answers more to í; but it also frequently corresponds to yfir, um or í. It ranges between ór and frá, generally denoting the idea from the surface of, while ór means from the inner part, and frá from the outer part or border. The motion from a hill, plain, open place is thus denoted by af; by ór that from an enclosed space, depth, cavity, thus af fjalli, but ór of a valley, dale; af Englandi, but ór Danmörk, as mörk implies the notion of a deep wood, forest. The wind blows af landi, but a ship sets sail frá landi; frá landi also means a distance from: af hendi, of a glove, ring; ór hendi, of whatever has been kept in the hand (correl. to á hendi and í hendi). On the other hand af is more general, whilst frá and ór are of a more special character; frá denoting a departure, ór an impulse or force; a member goes home af þingi, whereas ór may denote an inmate of a district, or convey the notion of secession or exclusion from, Eb. 105 new Ed.; the traveller goes af landi, the exile ór landi: taka e-t af e-m is to take a thing out of one’s hand, that of taka frá e-m to remove out of one’s sight, etc. In general af answers to Engl. of, off, ór to out of, and frá to from: the Lat. prepp. ab, de, and ex do not exactly correspond to the Icelandic, yet as a rule ór may answer to ex, af sometimes to ab, sometimes to de. Of, off, from among; with, by; on account of by means of, because of concerning, in respect of.
    A. Loc.
    I. With motion, off, from:
    1. prop. corresp. to á,
    α. konungr dró gullhring af hendi sér (but á hendi), Ld. 32; Höskuldr lætr bera farm af skipi, unload the ship (but bera farm á skip), id.; var tekit af hestum þeirra, they were unsaddled, Nj. 4; Gunnarr hafði farit heiman af bæ sínum, he was away from home, 82; Gunnarr hljóp af hesti sínum, jumped off his horse (but hl. á hest), 83; hlaupa, stökkva af baki, id., 112, 264 ; Gunnarr skýtr til hans af boganum, from the bow, where af has a slight notion of instrumentality, 96; flýja af fundinum, to fly from off the battle-field, 102; ríða af Þríhyrningshálsum, 206; út af Langaholti, Eg. 744 ; sunnan ór Danmörk ok af Saxlandi, 560; ganga af mótinu, to go from the meeting, Fms. vii. 130; af þeirra fundi reis María upp ok fór, 625. 85 ; Flosi kastaði af ser skikkjunni, threw his cloak off him (but kasta á sik),Nj. 176; taka Hrungnis fót af honum, of a load, burden, Edda 58; land þat er hann fiskði af, from which he set off to fish, Grág. i. 151, is irregular, frá would suit better; slíta af baki e-s, from off one’s back, ii. 9 ; bera af borði, to clear the table, Nj. 75.
    β. where it more nearly answers to í; þeir koma af hafi, of sailors coming in (but leggja í haf), Nj. 128 ; fara til Noregs af Orkneyjum (but í or til O.), 131; þeim Agli fórst vel ok komu af hafi i Borgarfjörð, Eg. 392 ; hann var útlagi ( outlawed) af Noregi, where ór would be more regular, 344; af Islandi, of a traveller, Fms. x. 3; búa her af báðum ríkjunum, to take a levy from, 51; hinir beztu bændr ór Norðlendingafjórðungi ok af Sunnlendingafjórðungi, the most eminent Southerners and Northerners, 113; Gizzurr gékk af útsuðri at gerðinu, from south-west, Sturl. ii. 219; prestar af hvárutveggja biskupsdæmi, from either diocess, Dipl. ii. 11; verða tekinn af heimi, to be taken out of the world, 623. 21; gruflar hon af læknum, scrambles out of the brook, Ísl. ii. 340; Egill kneyfði af horninu í einum drykk, drained off the horn at one draught, literally squeezed every drop out of it, Eg. 557; brottuaf herbúðunurn, Fms. x. 343.
    γ. of things more or less surrounding the subject, corresp. to yfir or um; láta þeir þegar af sér tjöldin, break off, take down the tents in preparing for battle, Eg. 261; kyrtillinn rifnaði af honum, his coat burst, caused by the swollen body, 602; hann hafði leyst af sér skúa sína, he untied his shoes (but binda á sik), 716; Steinarr vildi slíta hann af sér, throw him off, of one clinging to one’s body, 747; tók Gísli þá af sér vápnin, took off his arms, Fms. vii. 39. Of putting off clothes; fara af kápu, Nj. 143; far þú eigi af brynjunni, Bs. i. 541; þá ætlaði Sigurðr at fara af brynjunni, id.; þá var Skarphéðinn flettr af klæðunum, Nj. 209: now more usually fara or klæðum, fötum, exuere, to undress.
    δ. connected with út; föstudaginn for út herrinn af borginni, marched out of the town, Nj. 274; ganga út af kirkjunni, to go out of the church, now út úr, Fms. vii. 107: drekki hann af þeirri jörðunni, of something impregnated with the earth, Laekn. 402.
    ε. more closely corresponding to frá, being in such cases a Latinism (now frá); bréf af páfa, a pope’s bull, Fms. x. 6; rit af hánum, letter from him, 623. 52; bréf af Magnúsi konungi, a letter from king Magnus, Bs. i. 712; farið þér á brautu af mér í eilífan eld, Hom. 143; brott af drottins augliti, Stj. 43.
    ζ. denoting an uninterrupted continuity, in such phrases as land aflandi, from land to land, Eg. 343, Fas. ii. 539; skip af skipl. from ship to ship, Fms. v. 10; brann hvat af öðru, one after another, of an increasing fire, destroying everything, i. 128; brandr af brandi brenn, funi kveykist af funa, one from another, Hm. 56; hverr af öðrum, one after another, in succession, also hverr at öðrum, Eb. 272, 280 (where at in both passages).
    2. metaph., at ganga af e-m dauðum, to go from, leave one dead on the spot, of two combatants; en hann segiz bani hins ef hann gekk af dauðum manni, Grág. ii. 88, Hkr. 1. 327; undr þykir mér er bróðir þinn vildi eigi taka af þér starf þetta, would not take this toil from thee, Nj. 77; þegnar hans glöddust af honum, were fain of him, Fms. x. 380; at koma þeim manni af sér er settr var á fé hans, to get rid of, Ld. 52; vil ek þú vinriir af þér skuldina, work off the debt, Njarð. 366; reka af sér, to repel, Sturl. ii. 219; hann á þá sonu er aldri munu af oss ganga, who will never leave us, whom we shall never get rid of, Fas. i. 280; leysa e-n af e-u, to relieve, 64; taka e-n af lífi, to kill, Eg. 48, 416, Nj. 126; af lífdögum, Fms. vii. 204; ek mun ná lögum af því máli, get the benefit of the law in this case, Eg. 468; muntu enga sætt af mér fá, no peace at my hand, 414; rísa af dauða, to rise from death, Fms. ii. 142; guð bætti honum þó af þessi sótt, healed him of this sickness, ix. 390; vakna af sýn, draumi, svefni, to awaken from a vision, dream, sleep, 655 xxxii. I, Gísl. 24, Eb. 192, Fas. i. 41. Rather with the notion out of, in the phrase af sér etc., e. g. sýna e-t af scr, to shew, exhibit a disposition for or against, Ld. 18; gera mikit af sér, to shew great prowess, Ísl. ii. 368; éf þú gerir eigi meira af þér um aðra leika, unless you make more of thyself, Edda 32; Svipdagr hafði mikit af sér gert, fought bravely, Fas. i. 41; góðr (illr) af sér, good ( bad) of oneself, by nature; mikill af sjálfum sér, proud, bold, stout, Nj. 15; ágætastr maðr af sjálfum sér, the greatest hero, Bret.: góðr af ser, excellent, Hrafn. 7; but, on the contrary, af sér kominn, ruinous, in decay; this phrase is used of old houses or buildings, as in Bs. i. 488 = Sturl. l. c.; af sér kominn af mæði can also be said of a man fallen off from what he used to be; kominn af fotum fram, off his legs from age, Sturl. i. 223, Korm. 154 (in a verse).
    II. WITHOUT MOTION:
    1. denoting direction from, but at the same time continuous connection with an object from which an act or thing proceeds, from; tengja skip hvárt fram af stafni annars, to tie the ships in a line, stem to stern, Fms. i. 157, xi. 111; svá at þeir tóku út af borðum, jutted out of the boards, of rafters or poles, iv. 49; stjarna ok af sem skaft, of a comet, ix. 482; lúka upp af hrossi, to open a gate from off a horse, Grág. ii. 264; hon svarar af sínu sæti sem álpt af baru, Fás. i. 186; þar er sjá mátti utau af firði, af þjóðleið, that might be seen from the fareway on the sea when sailing in the firth, Hkr. ii. 64; þá mun hringt af (better at) Burakirkju, of bells rung at the church, Fms. xi. 160; gengr þar af Meðalfellsströnd, projects from, juts out, of a promontory, Ld. 10.
    2. denoting direction alone; upp af víkinni stóð borg mikil, a burg inland from the inlet, Eg. 161; lokrekkja innar af seti, a shut bed inward from the benches in the hall, Ísl. ii. 262; kapella upp af konungs herbergjum, upwards from, Fms. x. 153; vindr stóð af landi, the wind stood off the land, Bárð. 166.
    β. metaph., stauda af e-u, vide VI. 4.
    γ. ellipt., hallaði af norðr, of the channel, north of a spot, Boll. 348; also, austr af, suðr af, vestr af, etc.
    3. denoting absence; þingheyendr skulu eigi vera um nótt af þingi ( away from the meeting), eðr lengr, þá eru þeir af þingi ( away from (be meeting) ef þeir eru or ( out of) þingmarki, Grág. i. 25; vera um nótt af várþingi, 115; meðan hann er af landi héðan, abroad, 150.
    β. metaph., gud hvíldi af öllum verkum sínum á sjaunda degi, rested from his labours, Ver. 3.
    4. denoting distance; þat er komit af þjóðleið, out of the high road, remote, Eg. 369; af þjóðbraut, Grág. ii. 264, i. 15; Otradalr (a farm) var mjök af vegi, far out of the way, Háv. 53.
    B. TEMP, past, from, out of, beyond:
    1. of a person’s age, in the sense of having past a period of life; af ómaga aldri, of age, able to support oneself, Grág. i. 243; af aeskualdri, stricken in years, having past the prime of life, Eg. 202; lítið af barnsaldri, still a child, Ld. 74; ek em nú af léttasia skeiði, no longer in the prime of life, Háv. 40.
    2. of a part or period of time, past; eigi síðar en nótt er af þingi, a night of the session past, Grág. i. 101; þá er sjau vikur eru af sumri, seven weeks past of the summer, 182; tíu vikur af sumri, Íb. 10; var mikit af nótt, much of the night was past, Háv. 41; mikið af vetri, much of the winter was past, Fas. ii. 186; þriðjungr af nótt, a third of the night past, Fms. x. 160; stund af degi, etc.; tveir mánoðr af sumri, Gþl. 103.
    3. in adverbial phrases such as, af stundu, soon; af bragði, at once; af tómi, at leisure, at ease; af nýju, again; af skyndingu, speedily; af bráðungu, in a hurry, etc.
    C. In various other relations:
    I. denoting the passage or transition of an object, concrete or abstract, of, from.
    1. where a thing is received, derived from, conferred by a person or object; þiggja lið af e-m, to derive help from, Edda 26; taka traust af e-m, to receive support, comfort from, Fms. xi. 243; taka mála af e-m, to be in one’s pay, of a soldier, Eg. 266; halda land af e-m, to hold land of any one, 282; verða viss af e-m, to get information from, 57, Nj. 130; taka við sök af manni (a law term), to undertake a case, suit, Grág. i. 142; hafa umboð af e-m, to be another’s deputy, ii. 374; vera góðs (ills) maklegr af e-m, to deserve good (bad) of, Vd. 88 (old Ed., the new reads frá), Fs. 45; afla matar af eyjum, to derive supplies from, Eb. 12.
    2. where an object is taken by force:
    α. prop. out of a person’s hand; þú skalt hnykkja smíðit af honum, wrest it out of his hand, Nj. 32; cp. taka, þrífa, svipta e-u (e-t) af e-m, to wrest from.
    β. metaph. of a person’s deprival of anything in general; hann tók af þér konuna, carried thy wife off, Nj. 33; tók Gunnarr af þér sáðland þitt, robbed thee of seedland, 103; taka af honum tignina, to depose, degrade him, Eg. 271; vinna e-t af e-m, to carry off by force of arms, conquer, Fms. iii. 29; drepa menn af e-m, for one, slay one’s man, Eg. 417; fell þar lið mart af Eyvindi, many of Eyvind’s people fell there, 261.
    γ. in such phrases as, hyggja af e-u (v. afhuga), hugsa af e-u, to forget; hyggja af harmi; sjá af e-u, to lose, miss; var svá ástúðigt með þeim, at livargi þóttist mega af öðrum sjá, neither of them could take his eyes off the other, Sturl. i. 194; svá er mörg við ver sinn vær, at varla um sér hon af hoiuun nær, Skálda 163.
    3. denoting forfeiture; þá eru þeir útlagir, ok af goðorði sínu, have forfeited their priesthood, Grág. i. 24; telja hann af ráðunum fjár síns alls, to oust one, on account of idiocy or madness, 176; verða af kaupi, to be off the bargain, Edda 26; þá skalt þú af allri fjárheimtunni, forfeit all the claim, Nj. 15; ek skal stefna þér af konunni, summon thee to forfeit, a case of divorce, id.; ella er hann af rettarfari um hana, has forfeited the suit, Grág. i. 381.
    β. ellipt., af ferr eindagi ef, is forfeited, Grág. i. 140.
    II. denoting relation of a part to a whole, off, of, Lat. de; höggva hönd, höfuð, fót af e-um, to cut one’s hand, head, foot off, Nj. 97, 92, Bs. i. 674; höggva spjót af skapti, to sever the blade from the shaft, 264; hann lét þá ekki hafa af föðurarfi sínum, nothing of their patrimony, Eg. 25; vil ek at þú takir slíkt sem þér líkar af varningi, take what you like of the stores, Nj. 4; at þú eignist slíkt af fé okkru sem þú vili, 94.
    β. ellipt., en nú höfum vér kjörit, en þat er af krossinum, a slice of, Fms. vii. 89; Þórðr gaf Skólm frænda sínum af landnámi sínu, a part of, Landn. 211; hafði hann þat af hans eigu er hann vildi, Sturl. ii. 169; þar lá forkr einn ok brotið af endanum, the point broken off, Háv. 24, Sturl. i. 169.
    γ. absol. off; beit hann höndina af, þar sem nú heitir úlfliðr, bit the hand off, Edda 17; fauk af höfuðit, the head flew off, Nj. 97; jafnt er sem þér synist, af er fótrinn, the foot is off, id.; af bæði eyru, both ears off, Vm. 29.
    2. with the notion of—among; mestr skörungr af konum á Norðrlöndum, the greatest heroine in the North, Fms. i. 116; hinn efniligasti maðr af ungum mönnum í Austfjörðum, the most hopeful of youths in the Eastfirths, Njarð. 364; af ( among) öllurn hirðmönnuni virði konungr mest skáld sín, Eg. 27; ef hann vildi nokkura kaupa af þessum konum, Ld. 30; ör liggr þar útiá vegginum, ok er sú af þeirra örum, one of their own arrows, Nj. 115.
    β. from, among, belonging to; guð kaus hana af ollum konum sér til móður, of the Virgin Mary, Mar. A. i. 27.
    γ. metaph., kunna mikit (lítið) af e-u, to know much, little of, Bragi kann mest af skáldskap, is more cunning of poetry than any one else, Edda 17.
    δ. absol. out of, before, in preference to all others; Gunnarr bauð þér góð boð, en þú vildir eingi af taka, you would choose none of them, Nj. 77; ráða e-t af, to decide; þó mun faðir minn mestu af ráða, all depends upon him, Ld. 22; konungr kveðst því mundu heldr af trúa, preferred believing that of the two, Eg. 55; var honum ekki vildara af ván, he could expect nothing better, 364.
    3. with the additional sense of instrumentality, with; ferma skip af e-u, to freight a ship with, Eg. 364; hlaða mörg skip af korni, load many ships with corn, Fms. xi. 8; klyfja tvá hesta af mat, Nj. 74; var vágrinn skipaðr af herskipum, the bay was covered with war ships, 124; fylla ker af glóðum, fill it with embers, Stj. 319; fylla heiminn af sínu kyni, to fill the world with his offspring, Ver. 3.
    III. denoting the substance of which a thing is made, of; used indifferently with ór, though ór be more frequent; þeir gerðu af honum jörðina, af blóði hans sæinn ok vötnin, of the creation of the world from the corpse of the giant Ymir; the poem Gm. 40, 41, constantly uses ór in this sense, just as in modern Icelandic, Edda 5; svá skildu þeir, at allir hlutir væri smíðaðir af nokkru efni, 147 (pref.); húsit var gert af timbrstokkum, built of trunks of timber, Eg. 233; hjöhin vóru af gulli, of gold, golden, Fms. i. 17; af osti, of cheese, but in the verse 1. c. ór osti, Fms. vi. 253; línklæði af lérepti, linen, Sks. 287.
    2. metaph. in the phrases, göra e-t af e-n ( to dispose of), verða af ( become of), hvat hefir þú gört af Gunnari, what hast thou done with Gunnar? Njarð. 376; hvat af motrinuni er orðit, what has become of it? of a lost thing, Ld. 208; hverfr Óspakr á burt, svá eigi vita menn hvat af honum er orðit, what has become of him? Band. 5.
    IV. denoting parentage, descent, origin, domicile, abode:
    1. parentage, of, from, used indifferently with frá; ok eru af þeim komnir Gilsbekkingar, descend from them, but a little below—frá honum eru konmir Sturlungar, Eb. 338, cp. afkvæmi; af ætt Hörðakára, Fms. i. 287; kominn af Trojumönnum, xi. 416; af Ása-ætt (Kb. wrongly at), Edda I.
    β. metaph., vera af Guði (theol.), of God, = righteous, 686 B. 9; illr ávöxtr af íllri rót, Fms. ii. 48; Asia er kölluð af nafni nokkurar konu, derives her name from, Stj. 67; af honum er bragr kallaðr skáldskapr, called after his name, Edda 17.
    2. of domicile; af danskri tungu, of Danish or Scandinavian origin, speaking the Danish tongue, Grág. ii. 73; hvaðan af löndum, whence, native of what country? Ísl.
    β. especially denoting a man’s abode, and answering to á and í, the name of the farm (or country) being added to proper names, (as in Scotland,) to distinguish persons of the same name; Hallr af Síðu, Nj. 189; Erlingr af Straumey, 273; Ástríðr af Djúpárbakka, 39; Gunnarr af Hlíðarenda (more usual frá); þorir haklangr konungr af Ögðum, king of Agdir, Eg. 35, etc.; cp. ór and frá.
    V. denoting a person with whom an act, feeling, etc. originates, for the most part with a periphrastic passive:
    1. by, the Old Engl. of; as, ek em sendr hingað af Starkaði ok sonum hans, sent hither by, Nj. 94; inna e-t af hendi, to perform, 257; þó at alþýða væri skírð af kennimönnum, baptized of, Fms. ii. 158; meira virðr af mönnum, higher esteemed, Ld. 158; ástsæll af landsmönnum, beloved, íb. 16; vinsæll af mönnum, Nj. 102; í allgóðu yfirlæti af þeim feðgum, hospitably treated by them, Eg. 170; var þá nokkut drukkið af alþjóð, there was somewhat hard drinking of the people, Sturl. iii. 229; mun þat ekki upp tekið af þeim sükudólgum mínum, they will not clutch at that, Nj. 257; ef svá væri í hendr þér búit af mér, if í had so made everything ready to thy hands, Ld. 130; þá varð fárætt um af föður hans, his father said little about it, Fms. ii. 154.
    2. it is now also sometimes used as a periphrase of a nom., e. g. ritað, þýtt af e-m, written, translated, edited by, but such phrases scarcely occur in old writers.
    VI. denoting cause, ground, reason:
    1. originating from, on account of, by reason of; af frændsemis sökum, for kinship’s sake, Grág. ii. 72; ómáli af áverkum, speechless from wounds, 27; af manna völdum, by violence, not by natural accident, of a crime, Nj. 76; af fortölum Halls, through his pleading, 255; af ástsæld hans ok af tölum þeirra Sæmundar, by his popularity and the eloquence of S., Íb. 16; af ráðum Haralds konungs, by his contriving, Landn. 157; úbygðr af frosti ok kulda, because of frost and cold, Hkr. i. 5.
    β. adverbially, af því, therefore, Nj. 78; af hví, why? 686 B. 9; þá verðr bóndi heiðinn af barni sínu, viz. if he does not cause his child to be christened, K. Þ. K. 20.
    2. denoting instrumentality, by means of; af sinu fé, by one’s own means, Grág. i. 293; framfæra e-n af verkum sinum, by means of one’s own labour, K. Þ. K. 142; draga saman auð af sökum, ok vælum ok kaupum, make money by, 623. I; af sínum kostnaði, at hi s own expense, Hkr. i. 217.
    β. absol., hún fellir á mik dropa svá heita at ek brenn af öll, Ld. 328; hann fékk af hina mestu sæmd, derived great honotur from it, Nj. 88; elli sótti á hendr honum svá at hann lagðist í rekkju af, he grew bedridden from age, Ld. 54; komast undan af hlaupi, escape by running, Fms. viii. 58; spinna garn af rokki, spin off a wheel (now, spinna á rokk), from a notion of instrumentality, or because of the thread being spun out (?), Eb. 92.
    3. denoting proceeding, originating from; lýsti af höndum hennar, her hands spread beams of light, Edda 22; allir heimar lýstust ( were illuminated) af henni, id.; en er lýsti af degi, when the day broke forth, Fms. ii. 16; lítt var lýst af degi, the day was just beginning to break, Ld. 46; þá tók at myrkja af nótt, the ‘mirk-time’ of night began to set in, Eg. 230; tók þá brátt at myrkva af nótt, the night grew dark, Hkr. ii. 230.
    4. metaph., standa, leiða, hljótast af, to be caused by, result from; opt hlýtst íllt af kvenna hjali, great mischief is wrought by women’s gossip (a proverb), Gísl. 15, 98; at af þeim mundi mikit mein ok úhapp standa, be caused by, Edda 18; kenna kulda af ráðum e-s, to feel sore from, Eb. 42; þó mun her hljótast af margs manns bani, Nj, 90.
    5. in adverbial phrases, denoting state of mind; af mikilli æði, in fury, Nj. 116; af móð, in great emotion, Fms. xi. 221; af áhyggju, with concern, i. 186; af létta, frankly, iii. 91; af viti, collectedly, Grág. ii. 27; af heilu, sincerely, Eg. 46; áf fári, in rage; af æðru, timidly, Nj. (in a verse); af setning, composedly, in tune, Fms. iii. 187; af mikilli frægð, gallantly, Fas. i. 261; af öllu afli, with all might, Grág. ii. 41; af riki, violently, Fbr. (in a verse); af trúnaði, confidently, Grág. i. 400.
    VII. denoting regard to, of, concerning, in respect of, as regards:
    1. with verbs, denoting to tell of, be informed, inquire about, Lat. de; Dioscorides segir af grasi því, speaks of, 655 xxx. 5; er menn spurðu af landinu, inquired about it, Landn. 30; halda njósn af e-u, Nj. 104; er þat skjótast þar af at segja, Eg. 546, Band. 8.
    β. absol., hann mun spyrja, hvárt þér sé nokkut af kunnigt hversu for með okkr, whether you know anything about, how, Nj. 33; halda skóla af, to hold a school in a science, 656 A. i. 19 (sounds like a Latinism); en ek gerða þik sera mestan mann af öllu, in respect of all, that you should get all the honour of it, Nj. 78.
    2. with adjectives such as mildr, illr, góðrafe-u, denoting disposition or character in respect to; alira manna mildastr af fo, very liberal, often-banded, Fms. vii. 197; mildr af gulli, i. 33; góðr af griðum, merciful, Al. 33; íllr af mat en mildr af gulli, Fms. i. 53; fastr af drykk, close, stingy in regard to, Sturl. ii. 125; gat þess Hildigunnr at þú mundir góðr af hestinum, that you would be good about the horse, Nj. 90, cp. auðigr at, v. at, which corresponds to the above phrases; cp. also the phrase af sér above, p. 4, col. I, ll. 50 sqq.
    VIII. periphrasis of a genitive (rare); provincialis af öllum Predikaraklaustrum, Fms. x. 76; vera af hinum mesta fjandskap, to breathe deep hatred to, be on bad terms with, ix. 220; af hendi, af hálfu e-s, on one’s behalf, v. those words.
    IX. in adverbial phrases; as, af launungu, secretly; af hljóði, silently; v. those words.
    β. also used absolutely with a verb, almost adverbially, nearly in the signification off, away; hann bað þá róa af fjörðinn, pass the firth swiftly by rowing, row the firth off, Fms. ix. 502; var pá af farit þat seni skerjóttast var, was past, sailed past, Ld. 142; ok er þeir höfðu af fjórðung, past one fourth of the way, Dropl. 10: skína af, to clear up, of the skv, Eb. 152; hence in common language, skína af sér, when the sun breaks forth: sofa af nóttina, to sleep it away, Fms. ii. 98; leið af nóttin, the night past away, Nj. 53; dvelja af stundir, to kill the time, Band. 8; drepa af, to kill; láta af, to slaughter, kill off;
    γ. in exclamations; af tjöldin, off with the awnings, Bs. i. 420, Fins, ix. 49.
    δ. in the phrases, þar af, thence; hér af, hence, Fms. ii. 102; af fram, straight on, Nj. 144; now, á fram, on, advance.
    X. it often refers to a whole sentence or to an adverb, not only like other prepp. to hér, hvar, þar, but also redundantly to hvaðan, héðan, þaðan, whence, hence, thence.
    2. the preposition may sometimes be repeated, once elliptically or adverbially, and once properly, e. g. en er af var borit at borðinu, the cloth was taken off from the table, Nj. 176; Guð þerrir af (off, away) hvert tár af ( from) augum heilagra manna, God wipes off every tear from the eyes of his saints, 655 xx. vii. 17; skal þó fyrst bætr af lúka af fé vegaiula, pay off, from, Gþl. 160, the last af may be omitted—var þá af borið borðinu—and the prep. thus be separated from its case, or it may refer to some of the indecl. relatives er or sem, the prep. hvar, hér, þar being placed behind them without a case, and referring to the preceding relative, e. g. oss er þar mikit af sagt auð þeim, we have been told much about these riches, Band. 24; er þat skjótast þar af at segja, in short, shortly. Eg. 546; þaðan af veit ek, thence í infer, know, Fms. i. 97.
    XI. it is moreover connected with a great many verbs besides those mentioned above, e. g. bera af, to excel, whence afbragð, afbrigði; draga af, to detract, deduct, hence afdráttr; veita ekki af, to be hard with; ganga at, to be left, hence afgangr; standast af um e-t, to stand, how matters stand; sem af tekr, at a furious rate; vita af, to be conscious, know about (vide VII).
    D. As a prefix to compounds distinction is to be made between:
    I. af privativum, denoting diminution, want, deduction, loss, separation, negation of, etc., answering indifferently to Lat. ab-, de-, ex-, dis-, and rarely to re- and se-, v. the following COMPDS, such as segja, dicere, but afsegja, negare; rækja, colere, but afrækja, negligere; aflaga, contra legem; skapligr, normalis, afskapligr, deformis; afvik, recessus; afhús, afhellir, afdalr, etc.
    II. af intensivum, etymologically different, and akin to of, afr-, e. g. afdrykkja = ofdrykkja, inebrietas; afbrýði, jealously; afbendi, tenesmus; afglapi, vir fatuus, etc. etc. Both the privative and the intensive af may be contracted into á, esp. before a labial f, m, v, e. g. á fram = af fram; ábrýði = afbrýði; ávöxtr = afvöxtr; áburðr = afburðr; ávíta = afvíta (?). In some cases dubious. With extenuated and changed vowel; auvirðiligr or övirðiligr, depreciated, = afv- etc., v. those words.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > AF

  • 42 ever

    ever [ˈevər]
       a. ( = at any time) jamais
    • have you ever seen her? l'avez-vous déjà vue ?
    • do you ever see her? est-ce qu'il vous arrive de la voir ?
    • faster/more beautiful than ever plus vite/plus beau que jamais
    • as if I ever would! moi, faire ça !
    • why ever not? mais enfin, pourquoi pas ?
    • if ever you meet him... si jamais tu le rencontres...
    * * *
    ['evə(r)] 1.

    rarely, if ever — rarement sinon jamais

    hardly ever — rarement, presque jamais

    she's a liar if ever I saw one ou if ever there was one! — c'est une menteuse ou je ne m'y connais pas!

    more beautiful than ever — plus beau/belle que jamais

    3) (at all times, always) toujours

    yours ever — ( in letter) bien à toi or à vous

    4) (expressing anger, irritation)

    have you ever heard/seen anything like it? — as-tu jamais entendu/vu rien de pareil?

    why ever not? — GB pourquoi pas?

    6) GB ( very)

    ever so — si

    ever so glad — si heureux/-euse

    7) (colloq) ( in exclamations)

    do I ever! — ( emphatic yes) et comment!

    2.
    ever- combining form

    ever-growing ou -increasing — toujours croissant

    3.
    as ever adverbial phrase comme toujours
    4.
    ever more adverbial phrase de plus en plus
    5.
    ever since adverbial phrase, conjunctional phrase depuis

    English-French dictionary > ever

  • 43 hope

    həup 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) håpe
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) håp
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) håp, utvei, redning
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) håp, forhåpning
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes
    håp
    --------
    håpe
    I
    subst. \/həʊp\/
    1) håp
    2) forhåpning, forventning
    3) ( gammeldags) tillit
    be beyond hope være håpløs
    det er ikke håp for ham lenger \/ han er helt håpløs
    forlorn hope meget svakt håp, fåfengt håp halsløst foretagende forklaring: frontsoldater med liten sjanse til å overleve, selvmordspatrulje siste fortvilet forsøk
    have a hope to do something ha håp om å gjøre noe
    have hope in sette sin lit til
    hope of håp om
    hope springs eternal in the human breast ( ordspråk) så lenge det er liv er det håp
    live in hope leve i håpet
    live in hopes of ha håp om, håpe på
    not a hope ( hverdagslig) null tjangs, aldri i verden
    raise somebody's hopes vekke forhåpninger hos noen, vekke forventninger hos noen
    set one's hopes on somebody sette sitt håp til noen
    some hope (uttrykk for vantro, pessimisme) null tjangs, aldri i verden
    hvis det er det han tror, lurer han seg selv
    a youth of great hopes en ung og lovende person
    II
    verb \/həʊp\/
    håpe
    jeg håper jeg får gjøre det snart \/ jeg håper jeg får gjort det snart
    jeg håper å få se det \/ jeg har håp om å få se det
    hope against hope håpe tross alt, klamre seg til håpet
    hope for the best håpe det beste
    hope in God sette sitt håp til Gud, sette sin lit til Gud, fortrøste seg til Gud
    hoping to hear from you i forventning om å få høre fra deg, jeg håper å høre fra deg (hilsen i brev)
    I hope not det håper jeg ikke, jeg håper ikke det
    I hope so jeg håper det, det håper jeg

    English-Norwegian dictionary > hope

  • 44 Hope

    I [həʊp]
    1) speranza f.

    to have high hopes of sb., sth. — avere grandi speranze per qcn., qcs.

    to be beyond (all) o without hope essere senza speranza; to keep one's hopes high mantenere vive le proprie speranze; there are grounds for hope ci sono buone ragioni per sperare; to raise sb.'s hopes dare speranza a qcn.; to dash sb.'s hopes infrangere le speranze di qcn.; to have no hope of (doing) sth. non avere nessuna speranza di (fare) qcs.; there is little hope that ci sono poche speranze che; there is no hope of non ci sono speranze di; what a hope! some hope! colloq. magari! he hasn't got a hope in hell — colloq. non ha la benché minima speranza

    2) (promising person) speranza f.
    II 1. [həʊp]
    verbo transitivo sperare (

    I only o just hope he remembers spero solo che si ricordi; I (do) hope so, not spero (proprio) di sì, di no; hoping to hear from you — (in letter) nella speranza di ricevere presto tue notizie

    2.

    to hope for sth. — sperare o confidare in qcs.

    ••

    to hope against hope — illudersi, coltivare vane speranze

    * * *
    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) sperare
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) speranza
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) speranza
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) speranza
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes
    * * *
    (First names) Hope /həʊp/
    f.
    * * *
    I [həʊp]
    1) speranza f.

    to have high hopes of sb., sth. — avere grandi speranze per qcn., qcs.

    to be beyond (all) o without hope essere senza speranza; to keep one's hopes high mantenere vive le proprie speranze; there are grounds for hope ci sono buone ragioni per sperare; to raise sb.'s hopes dare speranza a qcn.; to dash sb.'s hopes infrangere le speranze di qcn.; to have no hope of (doing) sth. non avere nessuna speranza di (fare) qcs.; there is little hope that ci sono poche speranze che; there is no hope of non ci sono speranze di; what a hope! some hope! colloq. magari! he hasn't got a hope in hell — colloq. non ha la benché minima speranza

    2) (promising person) speranza f.
    II 1. [həʊp]
    verbo transitivo sperare (

    I only o just hope he remembers spero solo che si ricordi; I (do) hope so, not spero (proprio) di sì, di no; hoping to hear from you — (in letter) nella speranza di ricevere presto tue notizie

    2.

    to hope for sth. — sperare o confidare in qcs.

    ••

    to hope against hope — illudersi, coltivare vane speranze

    English-Italian dictionary > Hope

  • 45 encouraging

    adjective alentador
    encouraging adj alentador
    tr[ɪn'kʌrɪʤɪŋ]
    1 (hopeful) alentador,-ra; (promising) prometedor,-ra
    adj.
    • alentador adj.
    • esperanzador adj.
    • favorable adj.
    ɪn'kɜːrɪdʒɪŋ, ɪn'kʌrɪdʒɪŋ
    adjective <news/progress> alentador, esperanzador

    she's very encouraging — me (or nos etc) alienta mucho or me da muchos ánimos

    [ɪn'kʌrɪdʒɪŋ]
    ADJ [smile] alentador; [news, prospect] alentador, halagüeño; [words] de aliento
    * * *
    [ɪn'kɜːrɪdʒɪŋ, ɪn'kʌrɪdʒɪŋ]
    adjective <news/progress> alentador, esperanzador

    she's very encouraging — me (or nos etc) alienta mucho or me da muchos ánimos

    English-spanish dictionary > encouraging

  • 46 prometer

    v.
    1 to promise.
    (te) lo prometo I promise
    te prometo que no miento I promise you I'm not lying
    prometer el cargo to be sworn in
    Ella le prometió a Ricardo She promised Richard.
    Ella prometió sin pensar She promised without thinking.
    Ella promete favores She promises favors.
    2 to be promising (tener futuro).
    el programa de fiestas promete the program for the celebrations looks promising
    3 to show promise, to shape well, to be promising.
    Ese restaurante promete That restaurant shows promise.
    4 to promise to, to vow to, to plight oneself to, to vow.
    Ella prometió barrer hoy She promised to sweep today.
    Le prometí a María ir I promised Mary to go.
    * * *
    1 to promise
    ■ ¿lo prometes? promise?
    1 to be promising
    1 (pareja) to get engaged
    \
    prometer el oro y el moro to promise the Earth
    prometerse en matrimonio to get engaged
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=dar palabra) to promise

    ¡te lo prometo! — I promise!

    2) * (=asegurar) to assure

    no me verás más, te lo prometo — you won't see me again, (that) I can assure you

    3) (=augurar) to promise

    esto no nos promete nada bueno — this does not look at all hopeful for us, this promises to be pretty bad for us

    4) (Rel)
    2.
    VI (=tener porvenir) to have promise, show promise
    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( dar su palabra) to promise
    b) ( augurar) to promise
    c) (fam) (afirmar, asegurar) to tell

    estoy harta, te lo prometo — I'm fed up, I can tell you

    2.
    prometer vi persona/negocio to show o have promise
    3.
    prometerse v pron
    a) ( en matrimonio) to get engaged
    b) (refl) <viaje/descanso> to promise oneself
    c) ( confiar en) to expect

    prometérselas muy felices — (Esp) to have high hopes

    * * *
    = have + the potential (to/for), swear to + Infinitivo, promise, pledge, hold out + prospect, hold out + promise, vow, take + oath, be promissory of.
    Ex. They have achieved this status because they have the potential to store a relatively large number of documents.
    Ex. Some authors, of course, object to their work being subjected to compulsory dissection for exams in the traditional deadly manner and like Bernard Shaw, they swear to haunt anyone who so mistreats them (Shaw's ghost must be busy these days).
    Ex. CD-ROM promises to revive the fading dream of cooperative centralised computerised cataloguing.
    Ex. Although Canada has pledged to phase out the use of halon gas by the year 2000, alternative gases are being developed.
    Ex. The processing of electronic signals holds out the prospect of the automation of tasks which involve representations of information.
    Ex. Information technology holds out the promise of an improved information flow.
    Ex. The prosecutor vowed to fight what he considered an unjust law.
    Ex. The library had a display of the Bible and the Koran for solicitors and others for purposes of taking oaths and swearing in.
    Ex. The movie trailer was promissory of action and adventure, but the film itself was a bore.
    ----
    * cumplir lo prometido = deliver + the goods.
    * prometer demasiado = over-promise.
    * prometer en matrimonio = betroth.
    * prometer mucho = promise + great possibilities, bode + well.
    * prometer ser interesante = promise + to be interesting.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( dar su palabra) to promise
    b) ( augurar) to promise
    c) (fam) (afirmar, asegurar) to tell

    estoy harta, te lo prometo — I'm fed up, I can tell you

    2.
    prometer vi persona/negocio to show o have promise
    3.
    prometerse v pron
    a) ( en matrimonio) to get engaged
    b) (refl) <viaje/descanso> to promise oneself
    c) ( confiar en) to expect

    prometérselas muy felices — (Esp) to have high hopes

    * * *
    = have + the potential (to/for), swear to + Infinitivo, promise, pledge, hold out + prospect, hold out + promise, vow, take + oath, be promissory of.

    Ex: They have achieved this status because they have the potential to store a relatively large number of documents.

    Ex: Some authors, of course, object to their work being subjected to compulsory dissection for exams in the traditional deadly manner and like Bernard Shaw, they swear to haunt anyone who so mistreats them (Shaw's ghost must be busy these days).
    Ex: CD-ROM promises to revive the fading dream of cooperative centralised computerised cataloguing.
    Ex: Although Canada has pledged to phase out the use of halon gas by the year 2000, alternative gases are being developed.
    Ex: The processing of electronic signals holds out the prospect of the automation of tasks which involve representations of information.
    Ex: Information technology holds out the promise of an improved information flow.
    Ex: The prosecutor vowed to fight what he considered an unjust law.
    Ex: The library had a display of the Bible and the Koran for solicitors and others for purposes of taking oaths and swearing in.
    Ex: The movie trailer was promissory of action and adventure, but the film itself was a bore.
    * cumplir lo prometido = deliver + the goods.
    * prometer demasiado = over-promise.
    * prometer en matrimonio = betroth.
    * prometer mucho = promise + great possibilities, bode + well.
    * prometer ser interesante = promise + to be interesting.

    * * *
    prometer [E1 ]
    vt
    1 (dar su palabra) to promise
    no lo haré más, te lo prometo I won't do it again, I promise o I give you my word
    me prometió un regalo he promised me a present
    prometió llevarme she promised to take me
    oro2 (↑ oro (2))
    2 (augurar) to promise
    la obra promete ser un éxito the play promises to be a success
    esas nubes no prometen nada bueno those clouds look ominous o don't look very promising o don't bode well
    3 ( fam) (afirmar, asegurar) to tell
    te prometo que es verdad it's true, I tell o assure you
    estoy harta, te lo prometo I'm fed up, I can tell you
    ■ prometer
    vi
    to show o have promise
    esta chica promete this girl shows o has promise
    un negocio que promete a promising business
    1 (en matrimonio) to get engaged
    2 ( refl) ‹viaje/descanso› to promise oneself
    3 (esperar) to hope
    prometérselas muy felices ( Esp); to have high hopes
    * * *

     

    prometer ( conjugate prometer) verbo transitivo



    verbo intransitivo [persona/negocio] to show o have promise
    prometerse verbo pronominal

    b) ( refl) ‹viaje/descanso› to promise oneself

    prometer
    I verbo transitivo to promise: prometo que iré, I promise I'll go ➣ Ver nota en promise
    II verbo intransitivo to be promising: promete como cantante, she shows promise as a singer
    ' prometer' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    oro
    - asegurar
    - jurar
    English:
    promise
    - pledge
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [dar palabra] to promise;
    (te) lo prometo I promise;
    prometo hablar con ella I promise to talk to her;
    te prometo que no miento I promise you I'm not lying;
    Fam
    no aguanto más, te lo prometo I'm telling you, I can't take any more
    2. [cargo]
    el presidente prometió su cargo ante el rey the president was sworn in before the king
    3. [augurar] to promise;
    este libro promete ser entretenido this book promises to be entertaining
    ♦ vi
    [tener futuro]
    el programa de fiestas promete the programme for the celebrations looks promising;
    esto promete this is promising
    * * *
    v/t promise
    * * *
    : to promise
    : to show promise
    * * *
    1. (asegurar) to promise
    2. (tener porvenir) to show promise

    Spanish-English dictionary > prometer

  • 47 hope

    [həup] 1. n 2. vi 3. vt

    to hope that … — mieć nadzieję, że …

    to hope to do sth — mieć nadzieję, że się coś zrobi

    I hope so/not — mam nadzieję, że tak/nie

    to have no hope of sth/doing sth — nie liczyć na coś/zrobienie czegoś

    in the hope that/of — w nadziei, że/na +acc

    * * *
    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) mieć nadzieję
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) nadzieja
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) nadzieja
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) nadzieja
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes

    English-Polish dictionary > hope

  • 48 hope

    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) vona
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) von
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) von, vonarglæta, möguleiki
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) von
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes

    English-Icelandic dictionary > hope

  • 49 hope

    remél
    * * *
    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) remél
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) remény
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) reménység
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) remény
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes

    English-Hungarian dictionary > hope

  • 50 hope

    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) esperar
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) esperança
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) esperança
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) esperança
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes
    * * *
    [houp] n esperança, confiança, expectativa. • vt+vi esperar ( for por), ter esperança (in em). I hope for the best / espero o melhor. he doesn’t have hope in hell of doing it ele não tem a mínima chance de fazê-lo. hoped for esperado. I hope so assim espero, espero que sim. in the hope of na esperança de. to be out of hope não ter mais esperança. to hope against esperar por uma coisa quase irrealizável. to raise hopes encorajar, dar esperanças.

    English-Portuguese dictionary > hope

  • 51 hope

    n. ümit, umut, beklenti
    ————————
    v. ummak, ümit etmek, beklemek, istemek, arzu etmek
    * * *
    1. um (v.) 2. umut (n.)
    * * *
    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) ümit etmek, ummak, beklemek
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) ümit, beklenti
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) umut (kaynağı), umut bağlanan kişi/şey
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) umut
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes

    English-Turkish dictionary > hope

  • 52 hope

    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) upati
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) upanje
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) upanje
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) upanje
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes
    * * *
    I [hóup]
    noun
    upanje (of na), nada, zaupanje
    American slang white hope — bel boksar, ki ima upanje, da postane svetovni prvak
    II [hóup]
    1.
    intransitive verb
    nadejati se, upati;
    2.
    transitive verb
    zaupati, imeti upanje

    English-Slovenian dictionary > hope

  • 53 hope

    • toive
    • toivo
    • toivottavasti
    • toivoa
    • odottaa
    • mahdollisuus
    * * *
    həup 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) toivoa
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) toivo
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) toivo
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) toive
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes

    English-Finnish dictionary > hope

  • 54 hope

    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) cerēt
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) cerība
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) cerība
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) cerība
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes
    * * *
    cerība; cerēt

    English-Latvian dictionary > hope

  • 55 hope

    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) tikėtis, viltis
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) viltis
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) viltis
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) viltis
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes

    English-Lithuanian dictionary > hope

  • 56 hope

    n. hopp, förhoppning
    --------
    v. hoppas
    * * *
    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) hoppas
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) hopp, förhoppning
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) hopp
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) förhoppning
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes

    English-Swedish dictionary > hope

  • 57 hope

    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) doufat
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) naděje
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) naděje
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) naděje
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes
    * * *
    • naděje
    • doufat

    English-Czech dictionary > hope

  • 58 hope

    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) dúfať
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) nádej
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) nádej
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) nádej
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes
    * * *
    • dúfat
    • nádej

    English-Slovak dictionary > hope

  • 59 hope

    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) a spera
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) speranţă
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) speranţă
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) speranţă
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes

    English-Romanian dictionary > hope

  • 60 hope

    [həup] 1. verb
    (to want something to happen and have some reason to believe that it will or might happen: He's very late, but we are still hoping he will come; I hope to be in London next month; We're hoping for some help from other people; It's unlikely that he'll come now, but we keep on hoping; `Do you think it will rain?' `I hope so/not'.) ελπίζω
    2. noun
    1) ((any reason or encouragement for) the state of feeling that what one wants will or might happen: He has lost all hope of becoming the president; He came to see me in the hope that I would help him; He has hopes of winning a scholarship; The rescuers said there was no hope of finding anyone alive in the mine.) ελπίδα
    2) (a person, thing etc that one is relying on for help etc: He's my last hope - there is no-one else I can ask.) ελπίδα,αποκούμπι
    3) (something hoped for: My hope is that he will get married and settle down soon.) ελπίδα
    •
    - hopefulness
    - hopefully
    - hopeless
    - hopelessly
    - hopelessness
    - hope against hope
    - hope for the best
    - not have a hope
    - not a hope
    - raise someone's hopes

    English-Greek dictionary > hope

Страницы

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