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  • 21 optimum

    bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.
    I.
    Attributively.
    A.
    As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.
    1.
    Vir bonus.
    (α).
    A man morally good (kalos kagathos):

    quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:

    omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:

    ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,

    id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:

    sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,

    id. Off. 3, 15, 64:

    qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,

    id. Lael. 5, 19:

    non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,

    id. Att. 7, 2, 4:

    ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:

    nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,

    id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—
    (β).
    An honest man:

    justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;

    3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,

    id. ib. 3, 19, 77:

    quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,

    id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—
    (γ).
    A man of good standing in the community:

    id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,

    Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:

    tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,

    Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;

    37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:

    vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:

    praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,

    Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—
    (δ).
    Ironically of bad men:

    sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:

    expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,

    Cic. Cael. 26, 63:

    nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,

    id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;

    so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!

    Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:

    quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—
    (ε).
    Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):

    bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?

    Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—
    (ζ).
    As a conventional courtesy:

    homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:

    bone accusator,

    id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:

    sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,

    gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—
    2.
    Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:

    in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—
    3.
    With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:

    bonus consul,

    Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):

    boni tribuni plebis,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:

    bonus senator,

    id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:

    senator bonus,

    id. Dom. 4, 8:

    bonus judex,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:

    bonus augur (ironically),

    id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:

    bonus vates,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:

    bonus imperator,

    Sall. C. 60, 4:

    bonus dux,

    Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:

    naturam, optimam ducem,

    the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):

    bonus miles,

    Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:

    bonus orator,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

    optimus orator,

    id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:

    poeta bonus,

    id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

    scriptor bonus,

    Quint. 10, 1, 104:

    bonus advocatus,

    id. 5, 13, 10:

    bonus defensor,

    id. 5, 13, 3:

    bonus altercator,

    a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:

    bonus praeceptor,

    id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:

    bonus gubernator,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:

    optimus opifex,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:

    sutor bonus,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 125:

    actor optimus,

    Cic. Sest. 57, 122:

    cantor optimus est modulator,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:

    melior gladiator,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:

    bonus paterfamilias,

    a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:

    bonus servus,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:

    dominus bonus,

    Cato, R. R. 14:

    bonus custos,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:

    filius bonus,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:

    patres,

    Quint. 11, 3, 178:

    parens,

    id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:

    uxor melior,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

    amicus,

    id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:

    amicus optimus,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:

    optimus testis,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:

    auctor, in two senses,

    good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;

    and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),

    Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:

    bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,

    id. ib. 2, 23, 83:

    eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:

    optimus et fortissimus civis,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—
    4.
    Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:

    fata... bonique divi,

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:

    divis orte bonis,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 1:

    O bone deus!

    Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—
    (β).
    Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:

    (Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:

    Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,

    id. ib. 3, 36, 87:

    in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,

    id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:

    nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,

    id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—
    (γ).
    Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:

    di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!

    Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:

    di boni, boni quid porto!

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:

    di boni, quid hoc morbi est,

    id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:

    alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!

    Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—
    (δ).
    Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—
    5.
    Optimus as a laudatory epithet.
    (α).
    Vir optimus:

    per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,

    Cic. Sest. 1, 2:

    virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,

    id. ib. 35, 76:

    fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,

    id. ib.:

    consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,

    id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—
    (β).
    Femina bona, optima:

    tua conjunx bona femina,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:

    hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,

    id. ib. —
    (γ).
    Senex, pater, frater, etc.:

    optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,

    Cic. Planc. 41, 97:

    insuevit pater optimus hoc me,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:

    C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—
    (δ).
    With proper names ( poet.):

    optimus Vergilius,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:

    Maecenas optimus,

    id. ib. 1, 5, 27:

    optime Quinti,

    id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—
    (ε).
    Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:

    quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?

    Plin. Pan. 2, 7:

    gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!

    Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:

    ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:

    bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,

    Ov. F. 2, 637:

    optime Romulae Custos gentis,

    Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—
    6.
    Bonus and Bona, names of deities.
    (α).
    Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):

    Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,

    Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.

    in mal. part.,

    Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—
    (β).
    Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—
    (γ).
    Bona Fortuna:

    si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,

    Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:

    Bonae Fortunae (signum),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:

    FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,

    Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —
    (δ).
    Bona Spes:

    Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:

    BONAE SPEI,

    Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—
    (ε).
    BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:

    Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,

    Prop. 3, 24, 19.
    B.
    With nouns denoting things.
    1.
    Things concrete, denoting excellence:

    navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,

    Sen. Ep. 76, 13:

    gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,

    id. ib. 76, 14:

    id vinum erit lene et bono colore,

    Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:

    tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,

    Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:

    per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,

    id. ib. 73; cf.:

    bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,

    Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:

    praedium bonum caelum habeat,

    good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:

    bona tempestate,

    in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:

    (praedium) solo bono valeat,

    by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:

    bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:

    villam bonam,

    Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:

    bonus pons,

    Cat. 17, 5:

    scyphi optimi (= optime facti),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:

    perbona toreumata,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §

    38: bona domicilia,

    comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:

    agrum Meliorem nemo habet,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:

    fundum meliorem,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:

    equus melior,

    id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

    bona cena,

    Cat. 13, 3:

    boni nummi,

    good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:

    super omnia vultus accessere boni,

    good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:

    mulier bona forma,

    of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:

    equus formae melioris,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:

    tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,

    fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:

    fruges bonae,

    Cat. 34, 19:

    ova suci melioris,

    of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:

    animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:

    bonum omen, 2. e.),

    Quint. 6, 3, 69:

    scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,

    good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,

    bona firmaque vox,

    Quint. 11, 3, 13.—
    2.
    Things abstract.
    a.
    Of physical well-being:

    ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:

    non bonus somnus de prandio est,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:

    bona aetas,

    prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:

    optima aetate,

    id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:

    bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,

    Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—
    b.
    Of the mind and soul:

    meliore esse sensu,

    Cic. Sest. 21, 47:

    optima indoles,

    id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:

    bona conscientia,

    Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:

    bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,

    with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:

    mens melior,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:

    duos optimae indolis filios,

    Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:

    bonum consilium,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:

    bona voluntas,

    a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:

    memoria bona,

    Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:

    bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,

    id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:

    bonae rationes,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:

    pronuntiatio bona,

    Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—
    c.
    Of moral relations:

    ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;

    v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,

    Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:

    fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,

    of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:

    bona studia,

    moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:

    quidquid vita meliore parasti,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:

    Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,

    Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—
    d.
    Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:

    bono usui estis nulli,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:

    Optumo optume optumam operam das,

    id. Am. 1, 1, 122:

    bonam dedistis mihi operam,

    a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;

    v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:

    bonum otium,

    valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:

    bonis versibus,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:

    versus meliores,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:

    meliora poemata,

    Hor. A. P. 303:

    in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,

    Cic. Or. 8, 26:

    optimas fabulas,

    id. Off. 1, 31, 114:

    melius munus,

    id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—
    e.
    Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:

    de Procilio rumores non boni,

    unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:

    bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,

    about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:

    si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,

    id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.

    fortuna optima esse,

    to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:

    occasio tam bona,

    Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:

    senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,

    Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:

    bona navigatio,

    id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;

    esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:

    ego sum spe bona,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:

    optima spe,

    id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;

    v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,

    more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:

    melior interpretatio,

    Tac. H. 3, 65:

    cum laude et bonis recordationibus,

    id. A. 4, 38:

    amnis Doctus iter melius,

    i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:

    omen bonum,

    a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.

    Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,

    Ov. F. 1, 221;

    optimum,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:

    bona scaeva,

    Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:

    auspicio optumo,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:

    memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—
    f.
    Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:

    optima res publica,

    id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:

    minus bonis temporibus,

    id. Dom. 4, 8; so,

    optimis temporibus,

    id. Sest. 3, 6:

    nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,

    id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:

    lex optima,

    id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—
    g.
    Good = large, considerable:

    bono atque amplo lucro,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 6:

    bona librorum copia,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:

    bona copia cornu,

    Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—
    h.
    Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:

    si bono genere natus sit,

    Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—
    k.
    Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.
    (α).
    Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:

    primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:

    bona tua venia dixerim,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:

    oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,

    Liv. 7, 41, 3:

    obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,

    id. 6, 40, 10:

    cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,

    id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.

    . sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—
    (β).
    Bona pax, without quarrelling:

    bona pax sit potius,

    let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;

    so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,

    without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—
    (γ).
    Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:

    igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,

    Sall. J. 5, 5.—
    (δ).
    Bona societas, alliance:

    Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,

    Tac. A. 1, 58.
    C.
    In particular phrases.
    1.
    Bonae res.
    a.
    = Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:

    concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:

    optimis rebus usus est,

    he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—
    b.
    = Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:

    bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:

    in bonis rebus,

    Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —
    c.
    Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:

    homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,

    who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —
    d.
    Costly things, articles of luxury:

    capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:

    nimium rei bonae,

    id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:

    ignorantia bonarum rerum,

    Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:

    re bona copiosum esse,

    Gell. 16, 19, 7.—
    e.
    Moral, morally good:

    illi cum res non bonas tractent,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:

    ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,

    id. ib. 1, 4, 15:

    quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?

    id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:

    quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,

    id. Sen. 18, 65.—
    f.
    In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:

    res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?

    Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:

    studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,

    Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—
    2.
    Bonae artes.
    (α).
    A good, laudable way of dealing:

    qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,

    Sall. C. 2, 9:

    huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,

    id. ib. 11, 2:

    quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,

    Tac. A. 6, 46.—
    (β).
    Liberal arts and sciences:

    litteris aut ulli bonae arti,

    Quint. 12, 1, 7:

    conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,

    Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:

    optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—
    3.
    Bona fides, or fides bona.
    a.
    Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:

    dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:

    si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—
    b.
    Jurid. t. t.
    (α).
    Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:

    ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,

    Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;

    41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,

    ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,
    (β).
    Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:

    actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,

    Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:

    quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,

    Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:

    iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,

    id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—
    4.
    Bona verba.
    (α).
    Kind words:

    Bona verba quaeso,

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—
    (β).
    Words of good omen (v. omen):

    dicamus bona verba,

    Tib. 2, 2, 1:

    dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,

    Ov. F. 2, 638.—
    (γ).
    Elegant or well-chosen expressions:

    quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,

    Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:

    verborum bonorum cursu,

    id. Brut. 66, 233:

    omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,

    Quint. 10, 1, 9.—
    (δ).
    Moral sayings:

    non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —
    5.
    Bona dicta.
    (α).
    Polite, courteous language:

    hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—
    (β).
    Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:

    dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:

    ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,

    id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—
    6.
    Bona facta.
    (α).
    = bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:

    nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),

    Tac. A. 3, 40.—
    (β).
    Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):

    bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:

    haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,

    id. ib. 45.— Hence,
    (γ).
    Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:

    peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,

    Suet. Caes. 80:

    et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,

    id. Vit. 14:

    hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,

    Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:

    o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,

    Tert. Pud. 1.—
    7.
    Bona gratia.
    (α).
    A friendly understanding:

    cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,

    per gratiam bonam abire,

    to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—
    (β).
    Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—
    8.
    Bona pars.
    (α).
    The well-disposed part of a body of persons:

    ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,

    Liv. 21, 4, 1:

    pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,

    id. 7, 21, 6.—
    (β).
    The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):

    civem bonarum partium,

    Cic. Sest. 32, 77:

    (fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,

    id. Cael. 6, 13:

    qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,

    Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—
    (γ).
    Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):

    bonam partem ad te adtulit,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:

    bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,

    Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:

    bonam magnamque partem exercitus,

    Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:

    bona pars noctium,

    Quint. 12, 11, 19:

    bona pars hominum,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:

    meae vocis... bona pars,

    id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:

    melior pars diei,

    Verg. A. 9, 156.—
    (δ).
    Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:

    nostri melior pars animus est,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:

    quae pars optima est in homine,

    best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:

    major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:

    Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,

    Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—
    (ε).
    Adverb.:

    bonam partem = ex magna parte,

    Lucr. 6, 1249.—
    (ζ).
    Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:

    Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,

    id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:

    quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,

    id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—
    9.
    Dies bonus or bona.
    (α).
    A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):

    tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,

    Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:

    nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,

    Ov. F. 1, 72.—
    (β).
    A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—
    10.
    Bonus mos.
    (α).
    Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:

    nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:

    nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:

    domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,

    Sall. C. 9, 1:

    propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:

    cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,

    Liv. 34, 6, 9:

    mores meliores,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—
    (β).
    Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:

    ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:

    neglegentia boni moris,

    Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:

    conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,

    in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —
    11.
    Adverbial phrases.
    a.
    Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.
    (α).
    To be of good cheer or courage:

    bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,

    Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:

    animo bono es,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:

    bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 26:

    bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:

    bono animo esse jubere eam consul,

    Liv. 39, 13, 7:

    habe modo bonum animum,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:

    habe animum bonum,

    id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:

    bonum animum habe,

    Liv. 45, 8, 5:

    clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,

    id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—
    (β).
    Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:

    audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:

    bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:

    quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—
    (γ).
    Bonus animus, good temper, patience:

    bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:

    vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,

    Ov. M. 9, 433.—
    b.
    Bono modo.
    (α).
    = placide, with composure, moderation:

    si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,

    Cato, R. R. 5:

    haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—
    (β).
    In a decent manner:

    neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —
    c.
    Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:

    te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:

    ut jure optimo me deserere posses,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:

    ne jure optimo irrideamur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;

    similarly, optimo judicio,

    Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.
    II.
    As subst.
    A.
    bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.
    1.
    In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.
    (α).
    Plur.:

    bonis quod bene fit haud perit,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:

    melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,

    Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:

    verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,

    id. Lael. 14, 50:

    diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,

    Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:

    oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:

    tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:

    quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—
    (β).
    Sing.:

    malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:

    nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:

    qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—
    2.
    Bonus, a man of honor.
    (α).
    A brave man:

    pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?

    Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:

    libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,

    Sall. C. 33, 5:

    fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,

    Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):

    fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,

    Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —
    (β).
    A gentleman:

    quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—
    3.
    Boni, the better (i. e. higher) classes of society.
    (α).
    In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;

    so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,

    Cic. Sest. 16, 38:

    audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,

    id. ib. 47, 100:

    ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,

    id. Pis. 2, 4:

    etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,

    id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:

    maledictis increpat omnes bonos,

    Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,

    optimi,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:

    bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,

    id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—
    (β).
    Without reference to political views;

    opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:

    semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,

    Sall. C. 37, 3:

    elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,

    Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:

    ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:

    da locum melioribus,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—
    4.
    Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—
    5.
    Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.
    (α).
    Referring to morality:

    esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,

    every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:

    qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,

    id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:

    quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?

    Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—
    (β).
    Of the educated classes:

    adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:

    Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,

    Sall. C. 34, 2:

    optimo cuique infesta libertas,

    Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—
    (γ).
    Honorable, brave:

    optumus quisque cadere et sauciari, ceteris metus augeri,

    Sall. J. 92, 8.—
    (δ).
    In gen., excellent:

    optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,

    Sall. C. 8, 5.—
    (ε).
    Distributively:

    ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,

    to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—
    (ζ).
    Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):

    hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—
    (η).
    Attributively, with a noun:

    optimam quamque causam,

    Cic. Sest. 43, 93:

    optima quaeque dies,

    Verg. G. 3, 66.
    2.
    bŏnum, i, n., plur. bona; mĕlĭus, ōris, n.; optĭmum, i, n. (v. infra); of things in gen.
    1.
    Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;

    nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:

    quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,

    id. Par. 1, 1, 9:

    ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,

    id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:

    non-est igitur voluptas bonum,

    id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:

    sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—
    2.
    Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:

    quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:

    multa bona vobis volt facere,

    will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:

    tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,

    id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:

    multa tibi di dent bona,

    id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:

    omnia Bona dicere,

    to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:

    sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:

    cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,

    id. ib. 5, 41, 120:

    nihil enim boni nosti,

    nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:

    mala pro bonis legere dementia est,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:

    quia bonum sit valere,

    a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):

    melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,

    id. Lael. 6, 20:

    meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,

    id. Or. 1, 10, 43:

    optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,

    id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;

    v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,

    to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:

    ad melius transcurrere,

    to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—
    3.
    Bonum or bona, prosperity:

    fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:

    nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,

    id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:

    unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:

    quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),

    Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—
    4.
    Good qualities, gifts:

    omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:

    magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:

    nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,

    id. Cael. 5, 11:

    hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,

    id. ib. 17, 39:

    non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,

    id. Balb. 28, 63:

    gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,

    id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—
    5.
    Advantage, benefit:

    si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,

    Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:

    saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,

    id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:

    maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,

    Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:

    hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—
    6.
    With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:

    si bonum aequomque oras,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:

    si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:

    a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:

    istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,

    I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—
    7.
    Bona, one ' s property, fortunes, almost always denoting the whole of one's possessions.
    a.
    In gen.:

    paterna oportet reddi filio bona,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:

    bona sua med habiturum omnia,

    id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:

    bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,

    Cic. Sest. 24, 54:

    cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,

    id. ib. 30, 65:

    bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,

    id. Caecin. 13, 38:

    at mulctantur bonis exsules,

    id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—
    b.
    Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.
    (α).
    Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—
    (β).
    Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:

    postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,

    Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:

    edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,

    Liv. 2, 24, 6:

    bona proscribere,

    to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—
    (γ).
    Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—
    c.
    In bonis esse;

    with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),

    Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:

    neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,

    ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.
    III.
    Predicative use.
    A.
    With nouns or pronouns as subjects.
    1.
    Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:

    nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:

    bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,

    id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:

    itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:

    Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,

    Sall. C. 54, 5:

    ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,

    Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —
    2.
    To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:

    jam istuc non bonumst,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:

    oleum viridius et melius fiet,

    id. ib. 3:

    vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,

    to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:

    quid est homini salute melius?

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:

    non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,

    id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:

    quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?

    Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:

    in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,

    id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:

    meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,

    Liv. 2, 51, 3:

    parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,

    Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:

    si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:

    quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,

    Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;

    3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;

    and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—
    3.
    To be kind:

    bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:

    hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—
    4.
    With reference to the gods:

    ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:

    Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),

    Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—
    B.
    Impers.
    1.
    Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).
    (α).
    Without a subject:

    bonum sit!

    may it be fortunate, favorable! Verg. E. 8, 106.—
    (β).
    With subject inf.:

    nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:

    bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,

    id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—
    2.
    Melius est.
    (α).
    With subject inf.:

    melius sanam est mentem sumere,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:

    nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,

    melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,

    it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:

    proinde quiesse erit melius,

    Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—
    (β).
    With subject inf.-clause:

    meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—
    (γ).
    With ut-clause:

    quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—
    (δ).
    With subjectclause in the subjunctive:

    nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—
    3.
    Optimum est.
    (α).
    With subject inf.:

    optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,

    Liv. 23, 34, 8:

    si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,

    Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—
    (β).
    With inf.-clause:

    constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—
    (γ).
    With ut and subj:

    hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—
    (δ).
    With quod:

    illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:

    optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,

    id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—
    (ε).
    With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):

    sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:

    optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 30:

    optumum factu credens exercitum augere,

    Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).
    IV.
    Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:

    di melius duint,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:

    di meliora velint!

    Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:

    di meliora! inquit,

    Cic. Sen. 14, 47:

    id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,

    Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;

    similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,

    Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.
    V.
    With object expressed,
    1.
    By dat.
    (α).
    = good, useful, beneficial for:

    ambula, id lieni optumum est,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:

    quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,

    Sall. C. 20, 3:

    bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,

    Verg. G. 2, 447.—
    (β).
    = benignus or propitius, kind to:

    vicinis bonus esto,

    Cato, R. R. 4:

    bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,

    Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:

    vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,

    Verg. A. 12, 647.—
    (γ).
    = idoneus, fit for, adapted to:

    qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,

    Cato, R. R. 6:

    tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,

    id. ib. 26:

    terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,

    Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—
    (δ).
    With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:

    accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:

    bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,

    Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:

    quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:

    cui bono fuisset,

    id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.

    ellipt. form cui bono?

    Prisc. p. 1208 P.—
    (ε).
    With dat. gerund:

    ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,

    Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:

    (mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,

    Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—
    2.
    By ad and acc.:

    refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 91:

    occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,

    Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:

    non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,

    Tac. A. 2, 14.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > optimum

  • 22 agrupar

    v.
    1 to group (together).
    Ricardo agrupa las flores rojas Richard groups red flowers.
    María agrupa a las chicas Mary groups the girls.
    2 to consolidate.
    El sufrimiento agrupa a las personas Suffering consolidates people.
    3 to join together, to herd together, to cluster together, to crowd together.
    Ricardo agrupa a los cadetes Richard joins the cadets together.
    * * *
    1 to group, put into groups
    1 to group together, form a group
    2 (asociarse) to associate
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1.
    VT (=reunir en grupo) to group, group together; [+ gente, datos etc] to gather, assemble; (=amontonar) to crowd together
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( formar grupos) to put... into groups, to group
    b) ( reunir) <organizaciones/partidos> to bring together
    2.
    agruparse v pron
    a) ( formar un grupo) niños/policías to gather; partidos to come together
    b) ( dividirse en grupos) to get into groups
    * * *
    = bring together, categorise [categorize, -USA], draw together, fall into, group, group together, merge, pull together, put together, stack, encapsulate, coalesce, lump together, juxtapose, stand + together, pool, band, shuffle together.
    Ex. For example, Recreation, previously dispersed over several main classes, is now brought together as a new main class, and Space Science has been added between Astronomy and the Earth Sciences.
    Ex. It is widely recognised that it is difficult and unhelpful to categorise fiction according to a subject classification = Es un hecho ampliamente reconocido la dificultad y la poca utilidad de clasificar la literatura narrativa de acuerdo con una clasificación por materias.
    Ex. The application of the classification schemes, once constructed, involves synthesis, or the drawing together of the single concepts which are listed in the scheme from their different facets, in order to specify compound subjects.
    Ex. References will also be necessary, and will fall into the same types as those identified for personal authors, that is, 'see', 'see also', and explanatory references.
    Ex. There are a number of types of abstracts which will be grouped under the term 'mini-abstracts'.
    Ex. Some schools favor subject arrangement, other group together everything by publisher, and others sort everything out according to a theme.
    Ex. During the construction of a thesaurus, the computer can be enlisted to sort, merge, edit and compare terms.
    Ex. This library decided to launch an attack on illiteracy by pulling together a variety of approaches to learning to read.
    Ex. The way in which this scheme is put together in book form often causes some confusion at first.
    Ex. Cards are filed in drawers, approximately 1000 cards per drawer, which when stacked together may form a catalogue cabinet.
    Ex. The fundamental OOP technique is to encapsulate data with the operations/code that operate on that data into a single entity which is called an object.
    Ex. Mayo's conclusion was that 'the singling out of certain groups of employees for special attention had the effect of coalescing previously indifferent individuals into cohesive groups with a high degree of group ride or esprit-de-corps'.
    Ex. He also lumps himself and librarians together as 'devoted and in some instances veteran pursuers, preservers, and disseminators of truth'.
    Ex. We might consider that the key term, the one on which the others depend and which will juxtapose the document most usefully with others of a like kind, is Home Office.
    Ex. For instance, in reproduction of Renoir's work under the subject IMPRESSIONISM, Renoir's works would not stand together in the catalog but be spread out according to their titles.
    Ex. The results of two studies of the way reference librarians work were pooled to provide an understanding of the important features necessary in software for computerized reference work.
    Ex. The author advises banding retention policies to focus on a few clear options.
    Ex. This volume is in fact three books shuffled together under one luscious cover, unfurling as a fantasia on technique that explores, among other things, Mau's riffs on modernism.
    ----
    * agrupar los términos sinónimos = merge + synonyms.
    * agrupar palabras que tienen la misma raíz = merge + word forms.
    * agruparse = band together, cluster, team, partner.
    * agruparse (con) = team up (with).
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( formar grupos) to put... into groups, to group
    b) ( reunir) <organizaciones/partidos> to bring together
    2.
    agruparse v pron
    a) ( formar un grupo) niños/policías to gather; partidos to come together
    b) ( dividirse en grupos) to get into groups
    * * *
    = bring together, categorise [categorize, -USA], draw together, fall into, group, group together, merge, pull together, put together, stack, encapsulate, coalesce, lump together, juxtapose, stand + together, pool, band, shuffle together.

    Ex: For example, Recreation, previously dispersed over several main classes, is now brought together as a new main class, and Space Science has been added between Astronomy and the Earth Sciences.

    Ex: It is widely recognised that it is difficult and unhelpful to categorise fiction according to a subject classification = Es un hecho ampliamente reconocido la dificultad y la poca utilidad de clasificar la literatura narrativa de acuerdo con una clasificación por materias.
    Ex: The application of the classification schemes, once constructed, involves synthesis, or the drawing together of the single concepts which are listed in the scheme from their different facets, in order to specify compound subjects.
    Ex: References will also be necessary, and will fall into the same types as those identified for personal authors, that is, 'see', 'see also', and explanatory references.
    Ex: There are a number of types of abstracts which will be grouped under the term 'mini-abstracts'.
    Ex: Some schools favor subject arrangement, other group together everything by publisher, and others sort everything out according to a theme.
    Ex: During the construction of a thesaurus, the computer can be enlisted to sort, merge, edit and compare terms.
    Ex: This library decided to launch an attack on illiteracy by pulling together a variety of approaches to learning to read.
    Ex: The way in which this scheme is put together in book form often causes some confusion at first.
    Ex: Cards are filed in drawers, approximately 1000 cards per drawer, which when stacked together may form a catalogue cabinet.
    Ex: The fundamental OOP technique is to encapsulate data with the operations/code that operate on that data into a single entity which is called an object.
    Ex: Mayo's conclusion was that 'the singling out of certain groups of employees for special attention had the effect of coalescing previously indifferent individuals into cohesive groups with a high degree of group ride or esprit-de-corps'.
    Ex: He also lumps himself and librarians together as 'devoted and in some instances veteran pursuers, preservers, and disseminators of truth'.
    Ex: We might consider that the key term, the one on which the others depend and which will juxtapose the document most usefully with others of a like kind, is Home Office.
    Ex: For instance, in reproduction of Renoir's work under the subject IMPRESSIONISM, Renoir's works would not stand together in the catalog but be spread out according to their titles.
    Ex: The results of two studies of the way reference librarians work were pooled to provide an understanding of the important features necessary in software for computerized reference work.
    Ex: The author advises banding retention policies to focus on a few clear options.
    Ex: This volume is in fact three books shuffled together under one luscious cover, unfurling as a fantasia on technique that explores, among other things, Mau's riffs on modernism.
    * agrupar los términos sinónimos = merge + synonyms.
    * agrupar palabras que tienen la misma raíz = merge + word forms.
    * agruparse = band together, cluster, team, partner.
    * agruparse (con) = team up (with).

    * * *
    agrupar [A1 ]
    vt
    agruparon a los niños por edades they divided o put the children into groups according to their ages
    agrupa esos libros por autores group those books by author
    la coalición agrupa a siete partidos distintos the coalition is made up of seven different parties
    agrupó a varias organizaciones ecologistas it brought together several ecologist groups
    1 (formar un grupo) «niños/policías» to gather, form a group; «partidos» to come together, join forces
    2 (dividirse en grupos) to get into groups
    * * *

     

    agrupar ( conjugate agrupar) verbo transitivo
    a) ( formar grupos) to put … into groups, to group

    b) ( reunir) ‹organizaciones/partidos› to bring together

    agruparse verbo pronominal
    a) ( formar un grupo) [niños/policías] to gather;

    [ partidos] to come together

    agrupar verbo transitivo to group
    ' agrupar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    aunar
    English:
    bracket
    - group
    - lump
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    to group (together);
    la red agrupa a veinte emisoras locales the network brings together o is made up of twenty local radio stations;
    la guía agrupa toda la información disponible sobre el tema the guide brings together all the available information on the subject;
    una asociación que agrupa a más de 10.000 médicos an association of more than 10,000 doctors
    * * *
    v/t group, put into groups
    * * *
    : to group together
    * * *
    agrupar vb to put into groups [pt. & pp. put]

    Spanish-English dictionary > agrupar

  • 23 ἔχω

    ἔχω, subj. 2 sing. ἔχῃσθα, ipf. εἶχον, ἔχον, iter. ἔχεσκον, fut. ἕξω, σχήσω, aor. ἔσχον, inf. σχέμεν, mid. fut. ἕξεται, σχήσεσθε, aor. ἐσχόμην, imp. σχέο, par allel forms of aor. act. ἔσχεθον, σχεθέειν: hold, have.—I. act. (and pass.) — (1) trans., hold, in the hands, Il. 1.14; or in any way or direction, hence ‘wear,’ Il. 13.163, Il. 23.136, Il. 16.763, Od. 19.225; ‘hold up,’ ‘support,’ Od. 1.53; ‘hold back,’ ‘stop,’ Il. 4.302, Il. 12.456; and similarly of holding something to a course, ‘guide,’ ‘steer,’ a ship, horses, Od. 9.279, Il. 13.326; met., of holding watch, holding under one's protection, I 1, Il. 24.730; also have, keep, esp. ‘have to wife,’ Od. 4.569; as one's abode, ‘inhabit,’ Il. 5.890; under one's authority, Od. 2.22; and w. inf., ‘be able,’ Il. 16.110, Od. 12.433. Pass., Il. 7.102.— (2) intrans., hold still, or in some position, ἕξω, ὡς λίθος, Od. 19.494; also of motion, direction, ἔγχος ἔσχε δἰ ὤμου, simply giving verbal force to the prep. διά, Il. 13.520; freq. w. an adv., ῥίζαι ἑκὰς εἶχον, were ‘far reaching,’ Od. 12.435 ; εὖ ἔχει, ‘it is well,’ Od. 24.245; answering to the trans. use w. νῆα, ἵππους, but without object, ‘steer,’ ‘drive,’ Od. 3.182, Il. 23.401; and similarly where no object can be thought of, ἐπὶ δ' αὐτῷ πάντες ἔχωμεν, ‘have at him,’ Od. 22.75.—II.mid., hold something for oneself, or of one's own, hold fast, hold still, cease from, hold on to something ( τινός); ἄντα παρειάων σχομένη λιπαρὰ κρήδεμνα, ‘before her cheeks,’ Od. 1.334, Il. 20.262 ; ἔχεο κρατερῶς, Il. 16.501; τῷ προσφὺς ἐχόμην ὡς νυκτερίς, Od. 12.433; ἔσχετο φωνή, ‘stuck,’ ‘stopped,’ Il. 17.696, Il. 21.345; w. gen., Il. 2.98; metaph., ‘depend on,’ σέο ἕξεται, Il. 9.102, ζ 1, Od. 11.346.

    A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἔχω

  • 24 Psychology

       We come therefore now to that knowledge whereunto the ancient oracle directeth us, which is the knowledge of ourselves; which deserveth the more accurate handling, by how much it toucheth us more nearly. This knowledge, as it is the end and term of natural philosophy in the intention of man, so notwithstanding it is but a portion of natural philosophy in the continent of nature.... [W]e proceed to human philosophy or Humanity, which hath two parts: the one considereth man segregate, or distributively; the other congregate, or in society. So as Human philosophy is either Simple and Particular, or Conjugate and Civil. Humanity Particular consisteth of the same parts whereof man consisteth; that is, of knowledges which respect the Body, and of knowledges that respect the Mind... how the one discloseth the other and how the one worketh upon the other... [:] the one is honored with the inquiry of Aristotle, and the other of Hippocrates. (Bacon, 1878, pp. 236-237)
       The claims of Psychology to rank as a distinct science are... not smaller but greater than those of any other science. If its phenomena are contemplated objectively, merely as nervo-muscular adjustments by which the higher organisms from moment to moment adapt their actions to environing co-existences and sequences, its degree of specialty, even then, entitles it to a separate place. The moment the element of feeling, or consciousness, is used to interpret nervo-muscular adjustments as thus exhibited in the living beings around, objective Psychology acquires an additional, and quite exceptional, distinction. (Spencer, 1896, p. 141)
       Kant once declared that psychology was incapable of ever raising itself to the rank of an exact natural science. The reasons that he gives... have often been repeated in later times. In the first place, Kant says, psychology cannot become an exact science because mathematics is inapplicable to the phenomena of the internal sense; the pure internal perception, in which mental phenomena must be constructed,-time,-has but one dimension. In the second place, however, it cannot even become an experimental science, because in it the manifold of internal observation cannot be arbitrarily varied,-still less, another thinking subject be submitted to one's experiments, comformably to the end in view; moreover, the very fact of observation means alteration of the observed object. (Wundt, 1904, p. 6)
       It is [Gustav] Fechner's service to have found and followed the true way; to have shown us how a "mathematical psychology" may, within certain limits, be realized in practice.... He was the first to show how Herbart's idea of an "exact psychology" might be turned to practical account. (Wundt, 1904, pp. 6-7)
       "Mind," "intellect," "reason," "understanding," etc. are concepts... that existed before the advent of any scientific psychology. The fact that the naive consciousness always and everywhere points to internal experience as a special source of knowledge, may, therefore, be accepted for the moment as sufficient testimony to the rights of psychology as science.... "Mind," will accordingly be the subject, to which we attribute all the separate facts of internal observation as predicates. The subject itself is determined p. 17) wholly and exclusively by its predicates. (Wundt, 1904,
       The study of animal psychology may be approached from two different points of view. We may set out from the notion of a kind of comparative physiology of mind, a universal history of the development of mental life in the organic world. Or we may make human psychology the principal object of investigation. Then, the expressions of mental life in animals will be taken into account only so far as they throw light upon the evolution of consciousness in man.... Human psychology... may confine itself altogether to man, and generally has done so to far too great an extent. There are plenty of psychological text-books from which you would hardly gather that there was any other conscious life than the human. (Wundt, 1907, pp. 340-341)
       The Behaviorist began his own formulation of the problem of psychology by sweeping aside all medieval conceptions. He dropped from his scientific vocabulary all subjective terms such as sensation, perception, image, desire, purpose, and even thinking and emotion as they were subjectively defined. (Watson, 1930, pp. 5-6)
       According to the medieval classification of the sciences, psychology is merely a chapter of special physics, although the most important chapter; for man is a microcosm; he is the central figure of the universe. (deWulf, 1956, p. 125)
       At the beginning of this century the prevailing thesis in psychology was Associationism.... Behavior proceeded by the stream of associations: each association produced its successors, and acquired new attachments with the sensations arriving from the environment.
       In the first decade of the century a reaction developed to this doctrine through the work of the Wurzburg school. Rejecting the notion of a completely self-determining stream of associations, it introduced the task ( Aufgabe) as a necessary factor in describing the process of thinking. The task gave direction to thought. A noteworthy innovation of the Wurzburg school was the use of systematic introspection to shed light on the thinking process and the contents of consciousness. The result was a blend of mechanics and phenomenalism, which gave rise in turn to two divergent antitheses, Behaviorism and the Gestalt movement. The behavioristic reaction insisted that introspection was a highly unstable, subjective procedure.... Behaviorism reformulated the task of psychology as one of explaining the response of organisms as a function of the stimuli impinging upon them and measuring both objectively. However, Behaviorism accepted, and indeed reinforced, the mechanistic assumption that the connections between stimulus and response were formed and maintained as simple, determinate functions of the environment.
       The Gestalt reaction took an opposite turn. It rejected the mechanistic nature of the associationist doctrine but maintained the value of phenomenal observation. In many ways it continued the Wurzburg school's insistence that thinking was more than association-thinking has direction given to it by the task or by the set of the subject. Gestalt psychology elaborated this doctrine in genuinely new ways in terms of holistic principles of organization.
       Today psychology lives in a state of relatively stable tension between the poles of Behaviorism and Gestalt psychology.... (Newell & Simon, 1963, pp. 279-280)
       As I examine the fate of our oppositions, looking at those already in existence as guide to how they fare and shape the course of science, it seems to me that clarity is never achieved. Matters simply become muddier and muddier as we go down through time. Thus, far from providing the rungs of a ladder by which psychology gradually climbs to clarity, this form of conceptual structure leads rather to an ever increasing pile of issues, which we weary of or become diverted from, but never really settle. (Newell, 1973b, pp. 288-289)
       The subject matter of psychology is as old as reflection. Its broad practical aims are as dated as human societies. Human beings, in any period, have not been indifferent to the validity of their knowledge, unconcerned with the causes of their behavior or that of their prey and predators. Our distant ancestors, no less than we, wrestled with the problems of social organization, child rearing, competition, authority, individual differences, personal safety. Solving these problems required insights-no matter how untutored-into the psychological dimensions of life. Thus, if we are to follow the convention of treating psychology as a young discipline, we must have in mind something other than its subject matter. We must mean that it is young in the sense that physics was young at the time of Archimedes or in the sense that geometry was "founded" by Euclid and "fathered" by Thales. Sailing vessels were launched long before Archimedes discovered the laws of bouyancy [ sic], and pillars of identical circumference were constructed before anyone knew that C IID. We do not consider the ship builders and stone cutters of antiquity physicists and geometers. Nor were the ancient cave dwellers psychologists merely because they rewarded the good conduct of their children. The archives of folk wisdom contain a remarkable collection of achievements, but craft-no matter how perfected-is not science, nor is a litany of successful accidents a discipline. If psychology is young, it is young as a scientific discipline but it is far from clear that psychology has attained this status. (Robinson, 1986, p. 12)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Psychology

  • 25 pieza

    f.
    1 piece (pedazo, parte).
    una pieza de ajedrez a chess piece
    una pieza de fruta a piece of fruit
    un dos piezas a two-piece suit
    dejar/quedarse de una pieza to leave/be thunderstruck
    pieza de coleccionista collector's item
    pieza de museo museum piece, exhibit
    pieza de recambio o repuesto spare o replacement part, extra (United States)
    2 catch.
    3 room.
    5 track.
    6 kill, animal killed.
    7 chip, piece.
    * * *
    1 (gen) piece; (de un aparato) part
    2 MÚSICA piece, piece of music
    3 TEATRO play
    5 (en caza) piece
    7 (de tela) roll; (remiendo) patch
    \
    dejar de una pieza to dumbfound
    quedarse de una pieza to be dumbfounded
    pieza de recambio spare part
    * * *
    noun f.
    2) component, part
    •
    - pieza de repuesto
    * * *
    1. SF
    1) (=componente)
    a) [de rompecabezas, colección] piece
    b) [de una exposición] exhibit

    una exposición de piezas de cerámica/orfebrería — an exhibition of ceramics/silverware

    c) [de mecanismo, motor] part, component
    d)

    de una pieza: el capó estaba construido de una pieza — the bonnet was made in one piece

    - ser de una sola pieza

    pieza clave — (lit) essential part; (fig) key element

    pieza de convicción — (Jur) piece of evidence

    pieza de oro — (=moneda) gold coin, gold piece; (=objeto) gold object

    pieza de recambio, pieza de repuesto — spare (part), extra (EEUU)

    2) (=ejemplar)
    a) [de carne, fruta] piece
    b) (Arte) example
    c) (tb: pieza de caza) specimen
    3) (Ajedrez) piece
    4) (Cos) (=remiendo) patch; (=rollo de tela) roll
    5) esp LAm (=habitación) room
    6) (=obra) (Mús) piece, composition; (Literat) work; (Teat) play

    pieza corta — (Mús) short piece; (Teat) playlet

    pieza musical — piece of music, musical piece

    7) (Mil)
    8) (Odontología) tooth

    pieza bucal, pieza dental, pieza dentaria — tooth

    9) * (=persona)

    ¡buena pieza estás tú hecho! — you're a fine one!

    2.
    SMF ** (=camello) pusher *
    * * *
    1)
    a) (elemento, parte) piece

    la pieza clave de su política — the key element o feature of their policy; ver tb dos I

    b) (Tec) part

    las piezas de un reloj/motor — watch/engine parts o components

    dejar a alguien de una pieza — to leave somebody speechless

    quedarse de una pieza — to be dumbfounded

    ser de una sola pieza — (AmL) to be as straight as a die

    c) ( en ajedrez) piece; (unidad, objeto) piece
    2) ( en caza) piece, specimen
    3) ( de tela) roll
    4) (Mús, Teatr) piece

    ¿me permite esta pieza? — (ant) may I have the pleasure of this dance?

    5) (esp AmL) ( dormitorio) bedroom; ( en hotel) room
    * * *
    = part, building block, workpiece.
    Ex. Machines with interchangeable parts can now be constructed with great economy of effort.
    Ex. This article seeks to explain why current on-line products have, despite tremendous capitalisation, not yet achieved satisfactory returns, but have provided the necessary building blocks towards future products.
    Ex. This guide to punch press selection examines the advantages/disadvantages of available machine designs and stresses how workpiece size and shape is critical to every purchase plan.
    ----
    * pieza clave = cornerstone [corner-stone], building block.
    * pieza clave que falta = missing piece.
    * pieza de archivo = archival file.
    * pieza de carne = cut of meat.
    * pieza de recambio = spare part, repair part.
    * pieza de repuesto = part, spare part, repair part.
    * pieza eléctrica = electrical part.
    * pieza estrella = showpiece.
    * pieza mecánica = mechanical part.
    * pieza musical = piece of music, item, a piece of + music.
    * una pieza más en el engranaje = a cog in the wheel, a cog in the machine.
    * una pieza más en la organización = a cog in the wheel, a cog in the machine.
    * * *
    1)
    a) (elemento, parte) piece

    la pieza clave de su política — the key element o feature of their policy; ver tb dos I

    b) (Tec) part

    las piezas de un reloj/motor — watch/engine parts o components

    dejar a alguien de una pieza — to leave somebody speechless

    quedarse de una pieza — to be dumbfounded

    ser de una sola pieza — (AmL) to be as straight as a die

    c) ( en ajedrez) piece; (unidad, objeto) piece
    2) ( en caza) piece, specimen
    3) ( de tela) roll
    4) (Mús, Teatr) piece

    ¿me permite esta pieza? — (ant) may I have the pleasure of this dance?

    5) (esp AmL) ( dormitorio) bedroom; ( en hotel) room
    * * *
    = part, building block, workpiece.

    Ex: Machines with interchangeable parts can now be constructed with great economy of effort.

    Ex: This article seeks to explain why current on-line products have, despite tremendous capitalisation, not yet achieved satisfactory returns, but have provided the necessary building blocks towards future products.
    Ex: This guide to punch press selection examines the advantages/disadvantages of available machine designs and stresses how workpiece size and shape is critical to every purchase plan.
    * pieza clave = cornerstone [corner-stone], building block.
    * pieza clave que falta = missing piece.
    * pieza de archivo = archival file.
    * pieza de carne = cut of meat.
    * pieza de recambio = spare part, repair part.
    * pieza de repuesto = part, spare part, repair part.
    * pieza eléctrica = electrical part.
    * pieza estrella = showpiece.
    * pieza mecánica = mechanical part.
    * pieza musical = piece of music, item, a piece of + music.
    * una pieza más en el engranaje = a cog in the wheel, a cog in the machine.
    * una pieza más en la organización = a cog in the wheel, a cog in the machine.

    * * *
    A
    1 (elemento, parte) piece
    una cubertería de 24 piezas a 24-piece cutlery set
    una pieza del rompecabezas a piece of the jigsaw puzzle
    la pieza clave de su política the key element o feature of their policy
    un bañador de dos piezas a two-piece bathing suit
    ver tb dos1 (↑ dos (1))
    2 ( Tec) part
    las piezas de un reloj/motor/televisor watch/engine/television parts o components
    de una (sola) pieza ( fam); dumbstruck, flabbergasted ( colloq)
    al verlo se quedó de una (sola) pieza she was (absolutely) flabbergasted o dumbfounded o dumbstruck when she saw him
    me lo dijo de una manera que me dejó de una (sola) pieza he said it so rudely that I was left speechless o I was struck dumb o I was completely taken aback
    ser de una sola pieza ( AmL); to be as straight as a die, be an upright citizen
    ser mucha pieza ( Méx fam); to be very good
    Luis es (mucha) pieza para el ajedrez Luis is really good at chess o ( colloq) a pretty nifty chess player
    no trates de competir con él, es mucha pieza para ti don't try and compete with him, he's more than a match for you o he's in a different class to o from you o he's out of your league ( colloq)
    3 (en ajedrez) piece
    4 (unidad, objeto) piece
    una pieza de museo a museum piece o exhibit
    la colección se compone de 30 piezas the collection is made up of 30 pieces
    una pieza arqueológica an archaeological piece
    una pieza única a unique piece
    venden las manzanas por piezas you can buy apples individually
    ser una pieza de museo ( fam); to be a museum piece ( colloq)
    Compuestos:
    (papeles) documentary evidence; (objeto) item entered in evidence
    piece of evidence
    tooth
    ● pieza de recambio or de repuesto
    spare part
    B (en caza) piece, specimen
    C (de tela) roll
    era el final de la pieza it was a remnant o an endpiece o the end of the roll
    D ( Mús, Teatr) piece
    ¿me permite esta pieza? ( ant); may I have the pleasure of this dance?
    * * *

     

    pieza sustantivo femenino
    1
    a) (elemento, parte) piece

    b) (de motor, reloj) part;

    pieza de recambio or de repuesto spare part;
    ◊ quedarse de una pieza to be dumbfounded;

    ser de una sola pieza (AmL) to be as straight as a die

    (unidad, objeto) piece;
    ◊ ser una pieza de museo (fam) to be a museum piece


    2 (Mús, Teatr) piece
    3 (esp AmL) ( dormitorio) bedroom;
    ( en hotel) room
    pieza sustantivo femenino
    1 piece, part
    una pieza de repuesto, a spare part
    2 Teat Mús piece
    3 (en una casa) room
    ♦ Locuciones: dejar de una pieza, to leave speechless
    ' pieza' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abatimiento
    - adelgazar
    - componente
    - contraste
    - desajustar
    - desconchada
    - desconchado
    - desencajar
    - desencajada
    - desencajado
    - desencajarse
    - ensayar
    - habitación
    - holgura
    - macho
    - mira
    - obús
    - plato
    - reemplazar
    - romper
    - salirse
    - tope
    - torre
    - adaptar
    - adelantar
    - alojado
    - brazalete
    - cambiar
    - cerámica
    - cónico
    - correr
    - cubierto
    - cuña
    - desmontable
    - desmontar
    - encajar
    - enganche
    - falla
    - forjar
    - interpretar
    - moneda
    - mover
    - pan
    - parte
    - practicar
    - que
    - refacción
    - repuesto
    - salir
    - tocar
    English:
    casting
    - component
    - cut
    - kill
    - lavatory
    - man
    - office
    - part
    - piece
    - play
    - replace
    - replacement
    - replacement part
    - roll
    - room
    - spare
    - bed
    - cast
    - collector
    - each
    - individual
    - item
    - moving
    - panel
    - peg
    - track
    * * *
    pieza nf
    1. [unidad] piece;
    una pieza de ajedrez a chesspiece;
    una pieza de fruta a piece of fruit;
    una vajilla de cien piezas a hundred-piece dinner service;
    una pieza de coleccionista a collector's item;
    piezas de artillería guns, artillery;
    construyó el televisor pieza a pieza he put the television together piece by piece;
    Fam
    dejar/quedarse de una pieza to leave/be thunderstruck;
    Am Fam
    es de una pieza she's a really decent person
    pieza arqueológica archaeological piece; Fig pieza clave linchpin;
    pieza de coleccionista collector's item;
    pieza de museo museum piece, exhibit;
    Fig
    esta máquina de escribir es una pieza de museo this typewriter's a museum piece
    2. [de mecanismo] part
    pieza de recambio spare part, US extra;
    pieza de repuesto spare part, US extra
    3. [de pesca] catch;
    [de caza] kill
    4. Irónico [persona]
    ser una (buena) pieza to be a fine one o Br a right one;
    ¡menuda pieza está hecha Susana! Susana's a fine one o right one!
    5. [parche] patch
    6. [obra dramática] play
    7. [habitación] room
    8. Mús piece
    9. Der pieza de convicción piece of evidence [used by the prosecution]
    10. [rollo de tela] roll
    * * *
    f
    1 de un conjunto, MÚS piece; de aparato part;
    de dos/tres piezas two-piece/three-piece
    2 TEA play
    3 ( habitación) room
    4 fam
    :
    * * *
    pieza nf
    1) elemento: piece, part, component
    vestido de dos piezas: two-piece dress
    pieza de recambio: spare part
    pieza clave: key element
    2) : piece (in chess)
    3) obra: piece, work
    pieza de teatro: play
    4) : room, bedroom
    * * *
    1. (en general) piece

    Spanish-English dictionary > pieza

  • 26 precio

    m.
    1 price.
    ¿qué precio tiene esta corbata? how much is this tie?
    está muy bien de precio it's very reasonably priced
    precio al contado cash price
    precio de compra purchase price
    precio de fábrica factory price
    precio indicativo guide price
    precio de mercado market price
    precio prohibitivo prohibitively high price
    precio de saldo bargain price
    precio de salida starting price
    2 price (sacrificio).
    pagaron un precio muy alto por la victoria they paid a very high price for victory, victory cost them dearly
    a cualquier precio at any price
    3 price tag.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: preciar.
    * * *
    1 (coste) price
    ■ ¿a qué precio está? how much is it?
    \
    a cualquier precio at any cost
    a precio de coste at cost price
    no tener precio figurado to be priceless
    * * *
    noun m.
    1) price, value
    2) cost
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=importe) [de producto] price; [de viaje] fare; [en hotel] rate, charge

    ¿qué precio tiene? — how much is it?

    a o por un precio simbólico — for a nominal o token sum

    precio al detalle, precio al por menor — retail price

    precio de coste, precio de costo — cost-price

    precio de situación — LAm bargain price

    precio de venta — sale price, selling price

    precio tope — top price, ceiling price

    2) (=coste, sacrificio)

    al precio de — frm at the cost of

    ganó las elecciones, pero al precio de su integridad — he won the election but at the cost o expense of his integrity

    3) frm (=valor) worth, value
    * * *
    1) ( de producto) price

    subir los precios — to raise prices, to put prices up

    bajar los precios — to lower prices, to bring prices down

    ¿qué precio tiene este vestido? — how much is this dress?

    precio al contado/a plazos — cash/credit price

    pagar or comprar algo a precio de oro — to pay the earth o a fortune for something

    poner precio a la cabeza de alguien — to put a price on somebody's head

    2) (sacrificio, esfuerzo)

    logró lo que quería ¿pero a qué precio? — she got what she wanted, but at what price o cost?

    * * *
    = price, price tag, price range, quote.
    Ex. Prices tend to be lower than those on SDC and DIALOG and this has obvious attractions.
    Ex. Many library services, which generally have been provided free to users, are likely to acquire price tags in the near future.
    Ex. The author reviews some of the features of text retrieval software packages currently on the market with notes on price ranges.
    Ex. This is the most cost-effective method of acquisition because of the opportunity to choose the least expensive quote from multiple quotes through increasing purchasing power.
    ----
    * a bajo precio = lower-cost, lower-cost, at a low price, on the cheap.
    * a cualquier precio = at any cost, at all costs, at any price.
    * alcanzar un precio = fetch + Dinero.
    * al mejor precio = at the best price.
    * al mejor precio posible = at the best possible price.
    * alto precio = costliness.
    * a mitad de precio = at half price.
    * a precio de coste = at cost price, at cost.
    * a precio de costo = at cost price, at cost.
    * a precio de ganga = at a steal.
    * a precio especial = at reduced cost, discounted, cut-rate, cut-price.
    * a precio razonable = at reasonable cost(s).
    * a precio reducido = at a discount.
    * a precios competitivos = competitively priced.
    * a precios especiales = at reduced rates, at preferential rates.
    * a precios razonables = at affordable prices.
    * a su precio normal = at full price.
    * aumentar el precio = mark up + price, jack up + the price.
    * aumento de precios = price increase, increased price.
    * a un precio especial = at a discount.
    * a un precio módico = at affordable cost, at an affordable price.
    * a un precio muy razonable = at a very reasonable cost, at very reasonable cost.
    * a un precio razonable = at a reasonable cost, reasonably priced.
    * averiguar el precio = cost.
    * bajada de los precios = falling prices.
    * bajar de precio = come down in + price.
    * bajar el precio = lower + price.
    * bajar los precios = roll back + prices.
    * bajo precio = low cost.
    * buena relación calidad-precio = value for money.
    * caída de los precios = falling prices.
    * cambiar el precio = reprice, reprice.
    * cobrar un precio = charge + price.
    * comparación de precios = comparison shopping.
    * comparar precios = comparison shop.
    * competencia de precios = price competition.
    * condiciones de adquisición y/o precio = terms of availability and/or price.
    * de bajo precio = low-priced.
    * de precio fijo = fixed-price.
    * de precio medio = medium-priced.
    * de precio razonable = affordable.
    * de precio rebajado = cut-price, cut-rate.
    * descender de precio = come down in + price.
    * diferencia de precio = price differential.
    * diferencia de precios = price differentiation.
    * diferencias de precio = differential pricing.
    * fijación de precio de venta = pricing.
    * fijación de precios = fixing.
    * fijar precios = price, fix + price.
    * fijar precios altos = price + high.
    * fijar precios bajos = price + low.
    * fulminar los precios = slash + prices.
    * guerra de precios = pricing competition, price war.
    * índice de precios = price index.
    * índice de precios al consumo = consumer price index (CPI), cost of living index.
    * Indice de Precios al Consumo (IPC) = Retail Price Index (RPI).
    * información de precios = price information.
    * información de precios de productos para el consumo = retail prices.
    * manipulación de precios = price-fixing.
    * mantener los precios = hold + prices down.
    * mejor relación calidad-precio, la = best value for money, the.
    * mitad de precio = half price.
    * negociar el precio de Algo = negotiate + price.
    * obligar a subir el precio = force up + prices.
    * pagar el precio = meet + price.
    * pagar precio = pay + cost.
    * pagar un alto precio = pay + hefty price.
    * pagar un precio = pay + fee, pay + penalty.
    * pagar un precio alto por Algo = pay + a premium price for.
    * pagar un precio elevado = pay + hefty price.
    * pagar un precio exorbitante = pay through + the nose.
    * política de fijación de precios = pricing policy.
    * política de precios = pricing model, pricing policy.
    * poner el precio = price.
    * poner precio a la cabeza de Alguien = declare + open season on, put + a price on + Posesivo + head.
    * poner un precio a Algo muy alto = overprice.
    * precio abusivo = abusive price tag, abusive price.
    * precio abusivo, precio desorbidato = abusive price.
    * precio al por mayor = block rate, wholesale price, bulk rate.
    * precio + bajar = price + fall.
    * precio + caer = price + fall.
    * precio calculado según el tiempo empleado = time-based charge.
    * precio calculado según el tiempo de conexión = connect time based pricing.
    * precio calculado según el tiempo empleado = time-based charge.
    * precio competitivo = competitive price.
    * precio con descuento = discounted price, discount price.
    * precio de compra = purchase price.
    * precio de coste más margen de beneficios = cost-plus pricing.
    * precio de entrada = price of admission.
    * precio de la gasolina = fuel pump price.
    * precio de la habitación = room rate.
    * precio del aparcamiento = parking fee.
    * precio de las acciones = share price.
    * precio de la suscripción = subscription price.
    * precio de la vivienda = house price.
    * precio del billete = fare.
    * precio del billete de autobús = bus fare.
    * precio del billete de avión = airfare [air fare], airline fare.
    * precio del carburante = fuel price, fuel pump price.
    * precio del combustible = fuel price, fuel pump price.
    * precio del productor = producer price.
    * precio de salida = starting price.
    * precio + descender = price + fall.
    * precio desorbidato = abusive price tag, abusive price.
    * precio desorbitado = prohibitive price tag, prohibitive price.
    * precio de tarifa = list price, listed price.
    * precio de venta al público = retail price, cover price, list price, listed price.
    * precio + dispararse = price + spiral out of control, price + go through the roof, price + soar through the roof.
    * precio especial = reduced rate, special rate, reduced fee, discounted price, discount price, preferential rate.
    * precio especial por compra al por mayor = bulk deal.
    * precio excesivo = steep price, overpricing [over-pricing], inflated price.
    * precio fijo = fixed charge.
    * precio inflado = inflated price.
    * precio inicial = starting price.
    * precio íntegro = full price.
    * precio medio = average price.
    * precio mínimo = threshold price.
    * precio normal = full price.
    * precio para estudiantes = student rate.
    * precio + ponerse por las nubes = price + go through the roof, price + spiral out of control, price + spiral out of control, price + soar through the roof.
    * precio por unidad = unit price.
    * precio prohibitivo = prohibitively expensive, prohibitive price tag, prohibitive price.
    * precio razonable = fair price.
    * precio rebajado = marked-down price.
    * precio rebajado, precio reducido, descuento = marked-down price.
    * precios = pricing, price range, price rate, price structure.
    * precios competitivos = competitive rates.
    * precios con descuento = discount price.
    * precios de las materias primas = commodity prices.
    * precios descontrolados = runaway prices.
    * precios disparados = spiralling prices, runaway prices.
    * precios + dispararse = prices + spiral.
    * precios en alza = rising costs, runaway prices, runaway costs.
    * precio simbólico = nominal fee.
    * precios + ponerse por las nubes = prices + spiral.
    * precios por las nubes = spiralling prices.
    * que no tiene precio = priceless.
    * que tiene precio = priced.
    * rebajar el precio = cut + price.
    * rebajar los precios = knock down + prices, slash + prices.
    * reducción de los precios = price cut.
    * reducción de precios = pricecutting.
    * reducir el precio = reduce + price, cut + price.
    * relación calidad-precio = price-performance ratio.
    * sensible a los precios = price sensitive.
    * sin precio = unpriced.
    * subida de precios = price rise, rising costs, price increase, increased price, price hike, price hike.
    * subir de precio = rise in + price.
    * subir el precio = push + cost + up, raise + price, jack up + the price, rack up + the price.
    * susceptible a los precios = price sensitive.
    * tabla de comparación de precios = price-comparison table.
    * tarifa de precios = pricing structure, pricing algorithm, pricing scheme, pricing model, price structure.
    * tener un precio razonable = be reasonably priced.
    * tirado de precio = steal, at a steal.
    * vender a precio de costo = sell at + cost.
    * vender a precio de ganga = sell at + bargain price.
    * vender a un precio más barato que = undercut.
    * vender en el extranjero a precios inferiores que en el país de origen = dump.
    * venta a un precio más barato = undercutting.
    * * *
    1) ( de producto) price

    subir los precios — to raise prices, to put prices up

    bajar los precios — to lower prices, to bring prices down

    ¿qué precio tiene este vestido? — how much is this dress?

    precio al contado/a plazos — cash/credit price

    pagar or comprar algo a precio de oro — to pay the earth o a fortune for something

    poner precio a la cabeza de alguien — to put a price on somebody's head

    2) (sacrificio, esfuerzo)

    logró lo que quería ¿pero a qué precio? — she got what she wanted, but at what price o cost?

    * * *
    = price, price tag, price range, quote.

    Ex: Prices tend to be lower than those on SDC and DIALOG and this has obvious attractions.

    Ex: Many library services, which generally have been provided free to users, are likely to acquire price tags in the near future.
    Ex: The author reviews some of the features of text retrieval software packages currently on the market with notes on price ranges.
    Ex: This is the most cost-effective method of acquisition because of the opportunity to choose the least expensive quote from multiple quotes through increasing purchasing power.
    * a bajo precio = lower-cost, lower-cost, at a low price, on the cheap.
    * a cualquier precio = at any cost, at all costs, at any price.
    * alcanzar un precio = fetch + Dinero.
    * al mejor precio = at the best price.
    * al mejor precio posible = at the best possible price.
    * alto precio = costliness.
    * a mitad de precio = at half price.
    * a precio de coste = at cost price, at cost.
    * a precio de costo = at cost price, at cost.
    * a precio de ganga = at a steal.
    * a precio especial = at reduced cost, discounted, cut-rate, cut-price.
    * a precio razonable = at reasonable cost(s).
    * a precio reducido = at a discount.
    * a precios competitivos = competitively priced.
    * a precios especiales = at reduced rates, at preferential rates.
    * a precios razonables = at affordable prices.
    * a su precio normal = at full price.
    * aumentar el precio = mark up + price, jack up + the price.
    * aumento de precios = price increase, increased price.
    * a un precio especial = at a discount.
    * a un precio módico = at affordable cost, at an affordable price.
    * a un precio muy razonable = at a very reasonable cost, at very reasonable cost.
    * a un precio razonable = at a reasonable cost, reasonably priced.
    * averiguar el precio = cost.
    * bajada de los precios = falling prices.
    * bajar de precio = come down in + price.
    * bajar el precio = lower + price.
    * bajar los precios = roll back + prices.
    * bajo precio = low cost.
    * buena relación calidad-precio = value for money.
    * caída de los precios = falling prices.
    * cambiar el precio = reprice, reprice.
    * cobrar un precio = charge + price.
    * comparación de precios = comparison shopping.
    * comparar precios = comparison shop.
    * competencia de precios = price competition.
    * condiciones de adquisición y/o precio = terms of availability and/or price.
    * de bajo precio = low-priced.
    * de precio fijo = fixed-price.
    * de precio medio = medium-priced.
    * de precio razonable = affordable.
    * de precio rebajado = cut-price, cut-rate.
    * descender de precio = come down in + price.
    * diferencia de precio = price differential.
    * diferencia de precios = price differentiation.
    * diferencias de precio = differential pricing.
    * fijación de precio de venta = pricing.
    * fijación de precios = fixing.
    * fijar precios = price, fix + price.
    * fijar precios altos = price + high.
    * fijar precios bajos = price + low.
    * fulminar los precios = slash + prices.
    * guerra de precios = pricing competition, price war.
    * índice de precios = price index.
    * índice de precios al consumo = consumer price index (CPI), cost of living index.
    * Indice de Precios al Consumo (IPC) = Retail Price Index (RPI).
    * información de precios = price information.
    * información de precios de productos para el consumo = retail prices.
    * manipulación de precios = price-fixing.
    * mantener los precios = hold + prices down.
    * mejor relación calidad-precio, la = best value for money, the.
    * mitad de precio = half price.
    * negociar el precio de Algo = negotiate + price.
    * obligar a subir el precio = force up + prices.
    * pagar el precio = meet + price.
    * pagar precio = pay + cost.
    * pagar un alto precio = pay + hefty price.
    * pagar un precio = pay + fee, pay + penalty.
    * pagar un precio alto por Algo = pay + a premium price for.
    * pagar un precio elevado = pay + hefty price.
    * pagar un precio exorbitante = pay through + the nose.
    * política de fijación de precios = pricing policy.
    * política de precios = pricing model, pricing policy.
    * poner el precio = price.
    * poner precio a la cabeza de Alguien = declare + open season on, put + a price on + Posesivo + head.
    * poner un precio a Algo muy alto = overprice.
    * precio abusivo = abusive price tag, abusive price.
    * precio abusivo, precio desorbidato = abusive price.
    * precio al por mayor = block rate, wholesale price, bulk rate.
    * precio + bajar = price + fall.
    * precio + caer = price + fall.
    * precio calculado según el tiempo empleado = time-based charge.
    * precio calculado según el tiempo de conexión = connect time based pricing.
    * precio calculado según el tiempo empleado = time-based charge.
    * precio competitivo = competitive price.
    * precio con descuento = discounted price, discount price.
    * precio de compra = purchase price.
    * precio de coste más margen de beneficios = cost-plus pricing.
    * precio de entrada = price of admission.
    * precio de la gasolina = fuel pump price.
    * precio de la habitación = room rate.
    * precio del aparcamiento = parking fee.
    * precio de las acciones = share price.
    * precio de la suscripción = subscription price.
    * precio de la vivienda = house price.
    * precio del billete = fare.
    * precio del billete de autobús = bus fare.
    * precio del billete de avión = airfare [air fare], airline fare.
    * precio del carburante = fuel price, fuel pump price.
    * precio del combustible = fuel price, fuel pump price.
    * precio del productor = producer price.
    * precio de salida = starting price.
    * precio + descender = price + fall.
    * precio desorbidato = abusive price tag, abusive price.
    * precio desorbitado = prohibitive price tag, prohibitive price.
    * precio de tarifa = list price, listed price.
    * precio de venta al público = retail price, cover price, list price, listed price.
    * precio + dispararse = price + spiral out of control, price + go through the roof, price + soar through the roof.
    * precio especial = reduced rate, special rate, reduced fee, discounted price, discount price, preferential rate.
    * precio especial por compra al por mayor = bulk deal.
    * precio excesivo = steep price, overpricing [over-pricing], inflated price.
    * precio fijo = fixed charge.
    * precio inflado = inflated price.
    * precio inicial = starting price.
    * precio íntegro = full price.
    * precio medio = average price.
    * precio mínimo = threshold price.
    * precio normal = full price.
    * precio para estudiantes = student rate.
    * precio + ponerse por las nubes = price + go through the roof, price + spiral out of control, price + spiral out of control, price + soar through the roof.
    * precio por unidad = unit price.
    * precio prohibitivo = prohibitively expensive, prohibitive price tag, prohibitive price.
    * precio razonable = fair price.
    * precio rebajado = marked-down price.
    * precio rebajado, precio reducido, descuento = marked-down price.
    * precios = pricing, price range, price rate, price structure.
    * precios competitivos = competitive rates.
    * precios con descuento = discount price.
    * precios de las materias primas = commodity prices.
    * precios descontrolados = runaway prices.
    * precios disparados = spiralling prices, runaway prices.
    * precios + dispararse = prices + spiral.
    * precios en alza = rising costs, runaway prices, runaway costs.
    * precio simbólico = nominal fee.
    * precios + ponerse por las nubes = prices + spiral.
    * precios por las nubes = spiralling prices.
    * que no tiene precio = priceless.
    * que tiene precio = priced.
    * rebajar el precio = cut + price.
    * rebajar los precios = knock down + prices, slash + prices.
    * reducción de los precios = price cut.
    * reducción de precios = pricecutting.
    * reducir el precio = reduce + price, cut + price.
    * relación calidad-precio = price-performance ratio.
    * sensible a los precios = price sensitive.
    * sin precio = unpriced.
    * subida de precios = price rise, rising costs, price increase, increased price, price hike, price hike.
    * subir de precio = rise in + price.
    * subir el precio = push + cost + up, raise + price, jack up + the price, rack up + the price.
    * susceptible a los precios = price sensitive.
    * tabla de comparación de precios = price-comparison table.
    * tarifa de precios = pricing structure, pricing algorithm, pricing scheme, pricing model, price structure.
    * tener un precio razonable = be reasonably priced.
    * tirado de precio = steal, at a steal.
    * vender a precio de costo = sell at + cost.
    * vender a precio de ganga = sell at + bargain price.
    * vender a un precio más barato que = undercut.
    * vender en el extranjero a precios inferiores que en el país de origen = dump.
    * venta a un precio más barato = undercutting.

    * * *
    subir los precios to raise prices, to put prices up
    bajar los precios to lower prices, to bring prices down
    ¿qué precio tiene este vestido? what's the price of this dress?, how much is this dress?
    el precio del viaje the cost o price of the trip
    aquí la fruta está muy bien de precio fruit is very reasonably priced o very reasonable here, the price of fruit is very reasonable here
    un precio al alcance de todos los bolsillos a price to suit everyone's pocket, a price everyone can afford
    lo compré a muy buen precio I got it for a very reasonable price
    en esta zona los apartamentos tienen un precio prohibitivo apartments in this area are prohibitively expensive
    tiene un precio irrisorio it's ridiculously cheap
    libros a precios populares books at affordable prices
    precio al contado cash price
    precio a plazos credit price
    a precio de saldo at a bargain price, at a knockdown price ( colloq)
    aún no han fijado el precio they still haven't fixed the price
    hacer precio ( RPl); to lower the price, give a discount
    no tener precio to be priceless
    este anillo no tiene precio para mí for me this ring is priceless
    su ayuda no tiene precio her help has been invaluable
    pagar or comprar algo a precio de oro to pay the earth o a fortune for sth
    poner precio a la cabeza de algn to put a price on sb's head
    Compuestos:
    ● precio al por mayor/menor
    wholesale/retail price, trade price
    fixed price
    opening price
    support price
    closing price
    purchase price
    ● precio de costo or ( Esp) coste
    cost price
    striking price
    launch price
    el precio del dinero the cost of money, the cost of borrowing
    market price
    starting price
    threshold price
    sale price
    (de un alimento, medicamento) recommended retail price; (de un libro) published price
    factory (gate) price, price ex works ( BrE)
    psychological price
    unit price
    B
    (sacrificio, esfuerzo): logró lo que quería ¿pero a qué precio? she got what she wanted, but at what price o cost?
    impedirán a cualquier precio que se sepa la verdad they will go to any lengths to stop people knowing the truth, they will stop at nothing to hide the truth
    está dispuesto a mantenerse en el cargo a cualquier precio he's determined to stay on at any price o at all costs o whatever the cost
    * * *

     

    Del verbo preciar: ( conjugate preciar)

    precio es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    preció es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    precio sustantivo masculino
    1 ( de producto) price;
    ◊ precio al contado/a plazos cash/credit price;

    ¿qué precio tiene este vestido? how much is this dress?;
    precio de costo or (Esp) coste cost price;
    precio de venta al público (de alimento, medicamento) recommended retail price;

    ( de libro) published price;

    2 (sacrificio, costo) price, cost;

    precio sustantivo masculino price, cost: ¿qué precio tiene este abrigo?, how much is this coat?
    ♦ Locuciones: a cualquier precio, at any cost: está dispuesta a conseguir ese puesto a cualquier precio, she's willing to do anything in order to get that job
    no tener precio, to be priceless: las obras destruídas por las bombas no tenían precio, the works of art destroyed by the bombing were priceless
    mi amistad no tiene precio, my friendship can't be bought
    ' precio' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abusiva
    - abusivo
    - ajustada
    - ajustado
    - alquiler
    - alta
    - alto
    - arrendamiento
    - cara
    - caro
    - cobrar
    - concertar
    - conveniente
    - costar
    - coste
    - costo
    - de
    - demencial
    - descender
    - desorbitada
    - desorbitado
    - encarecer
    - entrar
    - estar
    - lince
    - mitad
    - moderada
    - moderado
    - módica
    - módico
    - neta
    - neto
    - proporción
    - PVP
    - rebaja
    - rebajar
    - regatear
    - rondar
    - salvajada
    - según
    - tarifa
    - tasa
    - tasar
    - tributo
    - unitaria
    - unitario
    - valer
    - valor
    - valorar
    - accesible
    English:
    adjust
    - all-in
    - approximate
    - arm's length
    - arrange
    - asking price
    - at
    - bargain
    - beat down
    - bloody
    - bring down
    - cagey
    - charge
    - cheap
    - command
    - cost
    - cut
    - decrease
    - dirt-cheap
    - discount
    - double
    - down
    - downturn
    - drop
    - excessive
    - fall
    - fare
    - fix
    - foresight
    - freight
    - gazumping
    - going
    - hefty
    - high-end
    - inexpensively
    - inflated
    - introductory
    - jack up
    - jump
    - knock down
    - low
    - lower
    - lowest
    - mark down
    - mark up
    - market price
    - mistaken
    - moderate
    - money
    - name
    * * *
    precio nm
    1. [en dinero] price;
    ¿qué precio tiene esta corbata? how much is this tie?;
    subir los precios to put prices up;
    bajar los precios to bring prices down;
    ha subido el precio de la vivienda house prices have gone up;
    está muy bien de precio it's very reasonably priced;
    un precio prohibitivo a prohibitively high price;
    Andes Fam
    a precio de huevo for next to nothing;
    a precio de oro: la merluza está a precio de oro hake has become ridiculously expensive;
    RP
    hacer precio a alguien to give sb a discount;
    poner precio a to put a price on;
    poner precio a la cabeza de alguien to put a price on sb's head;
    no tener precio to be priceless
    Bolsa precio de apertura opening price;
    precio de catálogo list price;
    Bolsa precio de cierre closing price;
    precio de compra purchase price;
    precio comprador bid price;
    precio al contado cash price;
    Esp precio de coste cost price;
    precio de costo cost price;
    comprar algo a precio de costo to buy sth at cost price;
    Bolsa precio de cotización quoted price; Fin el precio del dinero the cost of borrowing; Bolsa precio de ejercicio striking price;
    precio de fábrica factory price;
    precio indicativo guide price;
    precio de lanzamiento launch price;
    precio de lista list price;
    precio al por mayor trade price;
    precio de mercado market price;
    precio nominal nominal price;
    precio de oferta offer price;
    precio de saldo bargain price;
    precio de salida starting price;
    precio simbólico nominal o token amount;
    precio tope top o ceiling price;
    precio por unidad unit price;
    precio unitario unit price;
    2. [sacrificio] price;
    es el precio de la fama it's the price of fame;
    pagaron un precio muy alto por la victoria they paid a very high price for victory, victory cost them dearly;
    a cualquier precio at any price;
    al precio de at the cost of
    * * *
    m price;
    precio por unidad unit price;
    a bajo precio at a low price;
    a mitad de precio at half price;
    estar bien de precio be reasonably priced;
    a buen precio at a good price;
    pagar a precio de oro pay a fortune for;
    no tener precio fig be priceless
    * * *
    precio nm
    1) : price
    2) : cost, sacrifice
    a cualquier precio: whatever the cost
    * * *
    precio n price
    ¿qué precio tiene? how much is it?

    Spanish-English dictionary > precio

  • 27 administro

    ad-mĭnistro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I.
    Lit., to be near as an aid, to attend upon, to assist, to serve (ministrum esse ad aliquam rem):

    conductam esse eam, quae hic administraret ad rem divinam tibi,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 37:

    omnia per sacerdotes administrabuntur,

    Vulg. Num. 18, 7:

    David in sua generatione cum administrasset,

    ib. Act. 13, 36:

    mel ad principia convivii et in secundam mensam administratur,

    is served up, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5.—Hence, with esp. ref. to the object,
    II.
    Fig., to take charge of, to manage, guide, administer, execute, accomplish, do, perform, etc. (the most usual signif. of this word;

    very freq. in Cic. and the histt.): a nobis omnia populi R. semper et belli adjumenta et pacis ornamenta administrata sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47; so,

    provinciam,

    to govern, id. ib. 2, 4, 64:

    leges et judicia,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 22:

    rem publicam,

    id. Off. 1, 25; so Liv. 6, 6, 11; cf. Drak. Liv. 6, 6, 11:

    bellum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2; id. Div. 2, 36 (a military t. t.); cf.

    with exercitus,

    id. Inv. 1, 34, 58; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 2, 20, and Cortius ad Sall. J. 92, 9; Caes. B. G. 5, 50; id. B. C. 1, 25, 26; Nep. Chabr. 2; id. Eum. 5 al.:

    rem familiarem,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 25:

    negotium alicujus,

    id. Fam. 13, 11:

    neque ab uno omnia imperia administrari poterant,

    be issued, given, Caes. B. G. 2, 22:

    classem,

    id. B. C. 3, 18:

    navem,

    to guide, steer, id. ib. 3, 14:

    legionarii, qui dextram partem operis administrabant,

    i. e. who conducted the siege on the right side, id. ib. 2, 8:

    illustriores legationes,

    Nep. Dion. 1:

    oppida et fines alicujus,

    Sall. J. 22; cf. also Suet. Caes. 76; id. Tib. 8; id. Vitell. 5; id. Vesp. 4; so absol. (the acc. must be supplied from that which precedes):

    neque administrandi (sc. navigium) neque repellendi facultas dabatur,

    Hirt. B. Al. 21:

    milites neque pro opere consistere neque inter vineas sine periculo administrare poterant,

    nor... pursue their work without peril, Sall. J. 92, 9:

    si celeriter administraverint (sc. hoc opus),

    Vitr. 1, 5, p. 19 Rod. (others translate administrare in this place, to put the hand to, to render service, to do one's duty, etc.).—Unus.: virtutem, innocentiam, diligentiam alicujus, to employ, Cato ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 5.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > administro

  • 28 наводить

    1) guide

    2) induce
    3) pointing
    – наводить мост
    – наводить на
    – наводить на мысль
    – наводить по перекрестью
    – наводить справки
    – наводить телескоп
    – наводить ток
    – наводить трубу
    – наводить шлак
    – наводить эдс

    наводить антенну на объект — set antenna to bear on an object


    наводить перекрестье на — set cross-hairs

    Русско-английский технический словарь > наводить

  • 29 Поток — это независимый контекст исполнения в рамках процесса операционной системы

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Поток — это независимый контекст исполнения в рамках процесса операционной системы

  • 30 объекты в потоках и потоки в объектах

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > объекты в потоках и потоки в объектах

  • 31 целевая цена

    1) Economy: (ориентировочная) guideline price, target price
    2) Banking: basic price
    3) Advertising: target price (стоимость заказа плюс доплата или удержание в зависимости от качества и сроков поставки)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > целевая цена

  • 32 Zeichen

    n; -s, -
    1. allg. sign; (Signal) signal; (Symbol) symbol; (Markierung) mark; in Schrift: character (auch EDV); (Satzzeichen) (punctuation) mark; MUS. marking; (Versetzungszeichen) accidental; zum Einsetzen: cue; (Kennzeichen) mark, sign; (Erkennungszeichen) identification mark; (Abzeichen) badge; eingetragenes Zeichen WIRTS., JUR. registered trademark; unser / Ihr Zeichen Geschäftsbrief: our / your reference; auf ein Zeichen von at a sign from; Zeichen geben oder machen signal, give a sign; ein Zeichen geben make a sign (+ Dat to), signal (to); das Zeichen zum Aufbruch geben give the signal (for everybody) to leave; an einer Stelle im Buch ein Zeichen machen mark a place in a book; im Zeichen von ASTRON., ASTROL. under the sign of; seines Zeichens Bäcker etc. altm. oder hum. a baker by trade
    2. fig. sign ( von of); (Anzeichen) auch indication; (Vorzeichen) auch omen; (Beweis) auch token, mark; bes. MED. symptom ( für of); ein alarmierendes / untrügliches Zeichen a worrying / unmistakable sign; ein Zeichen der Zeit / des Himmels a sign of the times / from heaven; die Zeichen der Zeit erkennen read the signs of the times; ein Zeichen dafür, dass sie Recht hat a sign that she is right; ich sehe das als ein gutes Zeichen I see it as a good omen ( oder positive sign); ( ein) Zeichen setzen point the way, set the trend; die Zeichen stehen auf Sturm the storm clouds are gathering; wenn nicht alle Zeichen trügen if I’m not very much mistaken; als Zeichen (+ Gen) as a mark of; als Zeichen der Freundschaft as a token ( oder mark) of friendship; zum Zeichen (+ Gen) as a sign of; im Zeichen (+ Gen) stehen be marked by; die Stadt steht im Zeichen der kommenden WM the town is gearing up for the World Cup; unser Jahrhundert steht im Zeichen der Naturwissenschaften our century is the age of science; es geschehen ( noch) Zeichen und Wunder wonders will never cease
    * * *
    das Zeichen
    sign; symbol; mark; token
    * * *
    Zei|chen ['tsaiçn]
    nt -s, -
    sign; (SCI, algebraisch, auf Landkarte) symbol; (= Schriftzeichen, AUCH COMPUT) character; (= Anzeichen von Krankheit, Winter, = Beweis von Friedfertigkeit) sign, indication; (= Hinweis, Signal) signal; (= Erkennungszeichen) identification; (= Lesezeichen) bookmark, marker; (= Vermerk) mark; (auf Briefköpfen) reference; (= Satzzeichen) punctuation mark; (= Warenzeichen) trademark

    wenn nicht alle Zéíchen trügen — if I'm/we're etc not completely mistaken

    es ist ein Zéíchen unserer Zeit, dass... — it is a sign of the times that...

    ein Zéíchen setzen — to set an example

    die Zéíchen erkennen — to see the writing on the wall

    die Zéíchen der Zeit erkennen — to recognize the mood of the times

    es geschehen noch Zéíchen und Wunder! (hum) — wonders will never cease! (hum)

    als or zum Zéíchen — as a sign

    ein Zéíchen des Himmels — a sign from heaven

    als Zéíchen von etw — as a sign or indication of sth

    zum Zéíchen, dass... — as a sign that..., to show that...

    als Zéíchen der Verehrung — as a mark or token of respect

    jdm ein Zéíchen geben or machen — to give sb a signal or sign, to signal to sb

    etw zum Zéíchen tun — to do sth as a signal, to signal by doing sth

    das Zéíchen zum Aufbruch geben — to give the signal to leave

    unser/Ihr Zéíchen (form) — our/your reference

    seines Zéíchens (old, hum) — by trade

    er ist im Zéíchen or unter dem Zéíchen des Widders geboren — he was born under the sign of Aries

    unter dem Zéíchen von etw stehen (fig: Konferenz etc) — to take place against a background of sth

    das Jahr 1979 stand unter dem Zéíchen des Kindes — 1979 was the year of the child

    die Zéíchen stehen auf Sturm (fig) — there's a storm brewing

    * * *
    das
    1) (an object on land that serves as a guide to seamen or others: The church-tower is a landmark for sailors because it stands on the top of a cliff.) landmark
    2) (a mark used to mean something; a symbol: is the sign for addition.) sign
    3) (a movement (eg a nod, wave of the hand) used to mean or represent something: He made a sign to me to keep still.) sign
    4) (a mark or sign: Wear this ring, as a token of our friendship.) token
    * * *
    Zei·chen
    <-s, ->
    [ˈtsaiçn̩]
    nt
    1. (Symbol) symbol
    chemische \Zeichen chemical symbols; (Notationszeichen) symbol; (Schriftzeichen) character; (Satzzeichen) punctuation mark
    fettes/kursives \Zeichen bold/italic character
    2. (Markierung) sign
    ein \Zeichen auf [o in] etw akk machen to make a mark on sth
    sein \Zeichen unter ein Schriftstück setzen to put one's [identification] mark at the end of a text
    die Forscher fanden viele seltsame \Zeichen the researchers found many strange marks
    seines/ihres \Zeichens (hum veraltend) by trade
    3. (Hinweis) sign; (Symptom) symptom
    ein untrügliches/sicheres/schlechtes \Zeichen a[n] unmistakable/sure/bad sign
    wenn nicht alle \Zeichen trügen if I'm/we're not completely mistaken
    die \Zeichen der Zeit erkennen [o richtig zu deuten wissen] to recognise the mood of the times
    es geschehen noch \Zeichen und Wunder (hum, fig) wonders will never cease hum
    4. (Signal) signal
    jdm ein \Zeichen geben [o machen] to give sb a signal
    sich akk durch \Zeichen verständigen to communicate using signs
    das \Zeichen zu etw dat geben to give the signal to do sth
    ein \Zeichen setzen to set an example
    die \Zeichen stehen auf Sturm (fig) there's trouble ahead; (Ausdruck) expression
    als/zum \Zeichen einer S. gen as an expression [or indication] of sth
    zum \Zeichen, dass to show that
    im \Zeichen einer S. gen geboren sein to be born under the sign of sth
    6. JUR trade mark
    eingetragenes \Zeichen registered trade mark
    * * *
    das; Zeichens, Zeichen
    1) sign; (Laut, Wink) signal

    zum Zeichen, dass... — to show that...; as a sign that...

    2) (Markierung) mark; (WarenZeichen) [trade] mark; (am Briefkopf) reference

    [ein] Zeichen setzen — (fig.) set an example; point the way

    3) (Symbol) sign; (Chemie, Math., auf Landkarten usw.) symbol; (SatzZeichen) punctuation mark; (Musik) accidental
    4) (AnZeichen) sign; indication; (einer Krankheit) sign; symptom

    ein Zeichen dafür, dass... — a [sure] sign that...

    5) (TierkreisZeichen) sign [of the zodiac]
    * * *
    Zeichen n; -s, -
    1. allg sign; (Signal) signal; (Symbol) symbol; (Markierung) mark; in Schrift: character ( auch IT); (Satzzeichen) (punctuation) mark; MUS marking; (Versetzungszeichen) accidental; zum Einsetzen: cue; (Kennzeichen) mark, sign; (Erkennungszeichen) identification mark; (Abzeichen) badge;
    eingetragenes Zeichen WIRTSCH, JUR registered trademark;
    unser/Ihr Zeichen Geschäftsbrief: our/your reference;
    auf ein Zeichen von at a sign from;
    machen signal, give a sign;
    ein Zeichen geben make a sign (+dat to), signal (to);
    das Zeichen zum Aufbruch geben give the signal (for everybody) to leave;
    im Zeichen von ASTRON, ASTROL under the sign of;
    seines Zeichens Bäcker etc obs oder hum a baker by trade
    2. fig sign (
    von of); (Anzeichen) auch indication; (Vorzeichen) auch omen; (Beweis) auch token, mark; besonders MED symptom (
    für of);
    ein alarmierendes/untrügliches Zeichen a worrying/unmistakable sign;
    ein Zeichen der Zeit/des Himmels a sign of the times/from heaven;
    die Zeichen der Zeit erkennen read the signs of the times;
    ein Zeichen dafür, dass sie recht hat a sign that she is right;
    ich sehe das als ein gutes Zeichen I see it as a good omen ( oder positive sign);
    (ein) Zeichen setzen point the way, set the trend;
    die Zeichen stehen auf Sturm the storm clouds are gathering;
    wenn nicht alle Zeichen trügen if I’m not very much mistaken;
    als Zeichen (+gen) as a mark of;
    als Zeichen der Freundschaft as a token ( oder mark) of friendship;
    zum Zeichen (+gen) as a sign of;
    im Zeichen (+gen)
    stehen be marked by;
    die Stadt steht im Zeichen der kommenden WM the town is gearing up for the World Cup;
    es geschehen (noch) Zeichen und Wunder wonders will never cease
    * * *
    das; Zeichens, Zeichen
    1) sign; (Laut, Wink) signal

    zum Zeichen, dass... — to show that...; as a sign that...

    2) (Markierung) mark; (WarenZeichen) [trade] mark; (am Briefkopf) reference

    [ein] Zeichen setzen — (fig.) set an example; point the way

    3) (Symbol) sign; (Chemie, Math., auf Landkarten usw.) symbol; (SatzZeichen) punctuation mark; (Musik) accidental
    4) (AnZeichen) sign; indication; (einer Krankheit) sign; symptom

    ein Zeichen dafür, dass... — a [sure] sign that...

    5) (TierkreisZeichen) sign [of the zodiac]
    * * *
    - n.
    character (printing) n.
    figure n.
    icon n.
    mark n.
    sign n.
    signal n.
    symbol n.
    tick n.
    token n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Zeichen

  • 33 extraviar

    v.
    1 to lose, to mislay (object).
    2 to allow to wander (mirada, vista).
    3 to misplace, to mislay, to lose.
    María extravió la cartera Mary misplaced her handbag.
    4 to mislead, to lead astray.
    El baquiano extravió al grupo The guide misled the group.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ DESVIAR], like link=desviar desviar
    1 (persona) to mislead
    2 (objeto) to mislay, lose
    3 (desorientar) to make get lost
    4 (pervertir) to lead astray
    1 (persona) to get lost, lose one's way
    2 (objeto) to get mislaid
    3 figurado (descarriarse) to go astray
    4 figurado (errar) to be mistaken
    * * *
    verb
    2) lose
    •
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ objeto] to lose, mislay, misplace
    2) pey [+ dinero] to embezzle
    3) (=desorientar) [+ persona] to mislead, misdirect
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo (frml) to mislay (frml), to lose
    2.
    extraviarse v pron (frml) persona to get lost, lose one's way; animal to go missing, get lost; documento to go missing o astray
    * * *
    = mislay.
    Nota: Pasado y participio: mislaid.
    Ex. Workflow systems automate business processes, such as the management of a housing benefit claim, to ensure all tasks are completed on time and no information can be lost or mislaid.
    ----
    * extraviarse = go astray, lose + Posesivo + way, straggle.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo (frml) to mislay (frml), to lose
    2.
    extraviarse v pron (frml) persona to get lost, lose one's way; animal to go missing, get lost; documento to go missing o astray
    * * *
    Nota: Pasado y participio: mislaid.

    Ex: Workflow systems automate business processes, such as the management of a housing benefit claim, to ensure all tasks are completed on time and no information can be lost or mislaid.

    * extraviarse = go astray, lose + Posesivo + way, straggle.

    * * *
    vt
    ( frml); to mislay ( frml), to lose
    ( frml); «persona» to get lost, lose one's way; «animal» to go missing, get lost, stray; «documento» to go missing o astray, get lost
    * * *

    Multiple Entries:
    extraviar    
    extraviar algo
    extraviar ( conjugate extraviar) verbo transitivo (frml) to mislay (frml), to lose
    extraviarse verbo pronominal (frml) [persona/animal] to get lost;
    [ documento] to go missing
    extraviar verbo transitivo to lose
    ' extraviar' also found in these entries:
    English:
    mislay
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [objeto] to lose, to mislay
    2. [excursionista] to mislead, to cause to lose one's way
    3. [mirada, vista] to allow to wander
    * * *
    v/t lose, mislay
    * * *
    extraviar {85} vt
    1) : to mislead, to lead astray
    2) : to misplace, to lose
    * * *
    extraviar vb to lose [pt. & pp. lost]

    Spanish-English dictionary > extraviar

  • 34 ब्रह्मन् _brahman

    ब्रह्मन् n. [बृंह्-मनिन् नकारस्याकारे ऋतो रत्वम्; cf. Uṇ.4.145.]
    1 The Supreme Being, regarded as impersonal and divested of all quality and action; (according to the Vedāntins, Brahman is both the efficient and the mate- rial cause of the visible universe, the all-pervading soul and spirit of the universe, the essence from which all created things are produced and into which they are absorbed; अस्ति तावन्नित्यशुद्धबुद्धमुक्तस्वभावं सर्वज्ञं सर्वशक्तिसमन्वितं ब्रह्म Ś. B.);... यत्प्रयन्त्यभिसंविशन्ति । तद् विजिज्ञा- सस्व । तद् ब्रह्मेति Tai. Up.3.1; समीभूता दृष्टिस्त्रिभुवनमपि ब्रह्म मनुते Bh.3.84; Ku.3.15; दर्शनं तस्य लाभः स्यात् त्वं हि ब्रह्ममयो निधिः Mb.
    -2 A hymn of praise.
    -3 A sacred text; मैवं स्याद् ब्रह्मविक्रिया Bhāg.9.1.17.
    -4 The Vedas; ब्रह्मणः प्रणवं कुर्यात् Ms.2.74; यद् ब्रह्म सम्यगाम्नातम् Ku.6.16; U.1.15; समस्तवदनोद्गीतब्रह्मणे ब्रह्मणे नमः Bm.1.1; Bg.3.15.
    -5 The sacred and mystic syllable om; एकाक्षरं परं ब्रह्म Ms.2.83.
    -6 The priestly of Brahmanical class (collectively); तदेतद् ब्रह्म क्षत्रं विट् शूद्रः Bṛi. Up.1.4.15; ब्रह्मैव संनियन्तृ स्यात् क्षत्रं हि ब्रह्मसंभवम् Ms.9.32.
    -7 The power or energy of a Brāhmaṇa; पवनाग्निसमागमो ह्ययं सहितं ब्रह्म यदस्त्रतेजसा R.8.4.
    -8 Religious penance or austerities.
    -9 Celi- bacy, chastity; शाश्वते ब्रह्मणि वर्तते Ś.1.
    -1 Final eman- cipation or beatitude.
    -11 Theology, sacred learning, religious knowledge.
    -12 The Brāhmaṇa portion of the Veda.
    -13 Wealth.
    -14 Food.
    -15 A Brāhmaṇa.
    -16 Truth.
    -17 The Brāhmaṇahood (ब्राह्मणत्व); येन विप्लावितं ब्रह्म वृषल्यां जायतात्मना Bhāg.6.2.26.
    -18 The soul (आत्मा); एतदेषां ब्रह्म Bṛi. Up.1.6.1-3.
    -19 See ब्रह्मास्त्र. अब्राह्मणे न हि ब्रह्म ध्रुवं तिष्ठेत् कदाचन Mb.12.3.31.
    -2 The गायत्री mantra; उभे सन्ध्ये च यतवाग्जपन् ब्रह्म समाहितः Bhāg.7. 12.2. -m.
    1 The Supreme Being, the Creator, the first deity of the sacred Hindu Trinity, to whom is en- trusted the work of creating the world. [The accounts of the creation of the world differ in many respects; but, according to Manu Smṛiti, the universe was enveloped in darkness, and the self-existent Lord manifested himself dispelling the gloom. He first created the waters and deposited in them a seed. This seed became a golden egg, in which he himself was born as Brahmā-- the progenitor of all the worlds. Then the Lord divided the egg into two parts, with which he constructed heaven and earth. He then created the ten Prajāpatis or mind-born sons who completed the work of creation. According to another account (Rāmāyaṇa) Brahmā sprang from ether; from him was descended marīchi, and his son was Kaśyapa. From Kaśyapa sprang Vivasvata, and Manu sprang from him. Thus Manu was the procreator of all human beings. According to a third account, the Supreme deity, after dividing the golden egg, separated himself into two parts, male and female, from which sprang Virāj and from him Manu; cf. Ku.2.7. and Ms.1.32 et seq. Mythologically Brahman is represented as being born in a lotus which sprang from the navel of Viṣṇu, and as creating the world by an illicit connection with his own daughter Sarasvatī. Brahman had originally five heads, but one of them was cut down by Śiva with the ring-finger or burnt down by the fire from his third eye. His vehicle is a swan. He has numerous epithets, most of which have reference to his birth, in a lotus.]
    -2 A Brāhmaṇa; Ś.4.4.
    -3 A devout man.
    -4 One of the four Ritvijas or priests employed at a Soma sacrifice.
    -5 One conversant with sacred knowledge.
    -6 The sun.
    -7 Intellect.
    -8 An epithet of the seven Prajāpatis:-- मरीचि, अत्रि, अङ्गिरस्, पुलस्त्य, पुलह, क्रतु and वसिष्ठ.
    -9 An epithet of Bṛihaspati; ब्रह्मन्नध्ययनस्य नैष समयस्तूष्णीं बहिः स्थीयताम् Hanumannāṭaka.
    -1 The planet Jupiter; ब्रह्मराशिं समावृत्य लोहिताङ्गो व्यवस्थितः Mb. 3.6.18.
    -11 The world of Brahmā (ब्रह्मलोक); दमस्त्यागो- $प्रमादश्च ते त्रयो ब्रह्मणो हयाः Mb.11.7.23.
    -1 Of Śiva.
    -Comp. -अक्षरम् the sacred syllable om.
    -अङ्गभूः 1 a horse.
    -2 one who has touched the several parts of his body by the repetition of Mantras; स च त्वदेकेषुनिपात- साध्यो ब्रह्माङ्गभूर्ब्रह्मणि योजितात्मा Ku.3.15 (see Malli. thereon).
    -अञ्जलिः 1 respectful salutation with folded hands while repeating the Veda.
    -2 obeisance to a preceptor (at the beginning and conclusion of the repetition of the Veda); अपश्यद्यावतो वेदविदां ब्रह्माञ्जलीनसौ N.17.183; ब्रह्मारम्भे$वसाने च पादौ ग्राह्यौ गुरोः सदा । संहत्य हस्तावध्येयं स हि ब्रह्माञ्जलिः स्मृतः ॥ Ms.2.71.
    -अण्डम् 'the egg of Brahman', the primordial egg from which the universe sprang, the world, universe; ब्रह्माण्डच्छत्रदण्डः Dk.1. ˚कपालः the hemisphere of the world. ˚भाण्डोदरम् the hollow of the universe; ब्रह्मा येन कुलालवन्नियमितो ब्रह्माण्ड- भाण्डोदरे Bh.2.95. ˚पुराणम् N. of one of the eighteen Purāṇas.
    -अदि(द्रि)जाता an epithet of the river Godāvarī.
    -अधिगमः, अधिगमनम् study of the Vedas.
    -अम्भस् n. the urine of a cow.
    -अभ्यासः the study of the Vedas.
    -अयणः, -नः an epithet of Nārāyaṇa.
    -अरण्यम् 1 a place of religious study.
    -2 N. of a forest.
    -अर्पणम् 1 the offering of sacred knowledge.
    -2 devoting oneself to the Supreme Spirit.
    -3 N. of a spell.
    -4 a mode of performing the Śrāddha in which no Piṇḍas or rice-balls are offered.
    -अस्त्रम् a missile presided over by Brahman.
    -आत्मभूः a horse.
    -आनन्दः bliss or rapture of absorption into Brahma; ब्रह्मानन्दसाक्षात्क्रियां Mv.7.31.
    -आरम्भः beginning to repeat the Vedas; Ms.2.71.
    -आवर्तः N. of the tract between the rivers Sarasvatī and Dṛiṣavatī (northwest of Hastināpura); सरस्वतीदृषद्वत्योर्देवनद्योर्यदन्तरम् । तं देवनिर्मितं देशं ब्रह्मावर्तं प्रचक्षते Ms.2.17,19; Me.5.
    -आश्रमः = ब्रह्मचर्याश्रमः; वेदाध्ययननित्यत्वं क्षमा$थाचार्यपूजनम् । अथोपाध्यायशुश्रूषा ब्रह्माश्रमपदं भवेत् ॥ Mb.12.66.14.
    -आसनम् a particular position for profound meditation.
    -आहुतिः f.
    1 the offering of prayers; see ब्रह्मयज्ञ.
    -2 the study of the Vedas.
    -उज्झता forgetting or neglecting the Vedas; Ms.11.57 (अधीतवेदस्यानभ्यासेन विस्मरणम् Kull.).
    -उत्तर a.
    1 treating principally of Brahman.
    -2 consisting chiefly of Brāhmaṇas.
    -उद्यम् explaining the Veda, treatment or discussion of theological problems; ब्राह्मणा भगवन्तो हन्ताहमिमं द्वौ प्रश्नौ प्रक्ष्यामि तौ चेन्मे वक्ष्यति न वै जातु युष्माकमिमं कश्चिद् ब्रह्मोद्यं जेतेति Bṛi. Up.
    -उपदेशः instruc- tion in the Vedas or sacred knowledge. ˚नेतृ m. the Palāśa tree.
    -ऋषिः (
    ब्रह्मर्षिः or
    ब्रह्माऋषिः) a Bra- hmanical sage. ˚देशः N. of a district; (कुरुक्षेत्रं च मत्स्याश्च पञ्चालाः शूरसेनकाः । एष ब्रह्मर्षिदेशो वै ब्रह्मावर्तादनन्तरः Ms.2.19).
    -ओदनः, -नम् food given to the priests at a sacrifice.
    -कन्यका an epithet of Sarasvatī.
    -करः a tax paid to the priestly class.
    -कर्मन् n.
    1 the religious duties of a Brāhmaṇa, the office of Brahman, one of the four principal priests at a sacrifice.
    -कला an epithet of Dākṣāyaṇī (who dwells in the heart of man).
    -कल्पः an age of Brahman.
    -काण्डम् the portion of the Veda relating to spiritual knowledge.
    -काष्ठः the mulberry tree.
    -किल्बिषम् an offence against Brāhmaṇas.
    -कूटः a thoroughly learned Brāhmaṇa.
    -कूर्चम् a kind of penance; अहोरात्रोषितो भूत्वा पौर्णमास्यां विशेषतः । पञ्चगव्यं पिबेत् प्रातर्ब्रह्मकूर्चमिति स्मृतम् ॥.
    -कृत् one who prays. (-m.) an epithet of Viṣṇu.
    -कोशः the treasure of the Vedas, the entire collection of the Vedas; क्षात्रो धर्मः श्रित इव तनुं ब्रह्मकोशस्य गुप्त्यै U.6.9.
    -गायत्री N. of a magical mantra composed after the model of गायत्री mantra.
    -गिरिः N. of a mountain.
    -गीता f. The preaching of Brahmā as included in the Anuśāsana parva of the Mahābhārata.
    -गुप्तः N. of an astronomer born in 598. A. D.
    -गोलः the universe.
    -गौरवम् respect for the missile presided over by Brahman; विष्कम्भितुं समर्थो$पि ना$चलद् ब्रह्मगौरवात् Bk.9.76 (मा भून्मोघो ब्राह्मः पाश इति).
    -ग्रन्थिः 1 N. of a particular joint of the body.
    -2 N. of the knot which ties together the 3 threads of the यज्ञोपवीत.
    -ग्रहः, -पिशाचः, -पुरुषः, -रक्षस् n.,
    -राक्षसः a kind of ghost, the ghost of a Brāhmaṇa, who during his life time indulges in a disdainful spirit and carries away the wives of others and the property of Brāh- maṇas; (परस्य योषितं हृत्वा ब्रह्मस्वमपहृत्य च । अरण्ये निर्जले देशे भवति ब्रह्मराक्षसः ॥ Y.3.212; cf. Ms.12.6 also).
    -ग्राहिन् a. worthy to receive that which is holy.
    -घातकः, -घातिन् m. the murderer of a Brāhmaṇa.
    -घातिनी a woman on the second day of her courses.
    -घोषः 1 recital of the Veda.
    -2 the sacred word, the Vedas collectively; U.6.9 (v. l.).
    -घ्नः the murderer of a Brāhmaṇa.
    -चक्रम् 1 The circle of the universe; Śvet. Up.
    -2 N. of a magical circle.
    -चर्यम् 1 religious studentship, the life of celibacy passed by a Brāhmaṇa boy in studying the Vedas, the first stage or order of his life; अविप्लुतब्रह्मचर्यो गृहस्थाश्रममाचरेत् Ms.3.2;2. 249; Mv.1.24; यदिच्छन्तो ब्रह्मचर्यं चरन्ति तत्ते पदं संग्रहेण ब्रवीम्योमित्येतत् Kaṭh.
    -2 religious study, self-restraint.
    -3 celibacy, chastity, abstinence, continence; also ब्रह्म- चर्याश्रम. (
    -र्यः) a religious student; see ब्रह्मचारिन्. (
    -र्या) chastity, celibacy. ˚व्रतम् a vow of chastity. ˚स्खलनम् falling off from chastity, incontinence.
    -चारिकम् the life of a religious student.
    -चारिन् a.
    1 studying the Vedas.
    -2 practising continence of chastity. (-m.) a religious student, a Brāhmaṇa in the first order of his life, who continues to live with his spiritual guide from the investiture with sacred thread and performs the duties pertaining to his order till he settles in life; ब्रह्मचारी वेदमधीत्य वेदौ वेदान् वा चरेद् ब्रह्मचर्यम् Kaṭha- śrutyopaniṣad 17; Ms.2.41,175;6.87.
    -2 one who vows to lead the life of a celibate.
    -3 an epithet of Śiva.
    -4 of Skanda.
    -चारिणी 1 an epithet of Durgā.
    -2 a woman who observes the vow of chastity.
    -जः an epithet of Kārtikeya.
    -जन्मन् n.
    1 spirtual birth.
    -2 investiture with the sacred thread; ब्रह्मजन्म हि विप्रस्य प्रेत्य चेह च शाश्वतम् Ms.2.146,17.
    -जारः the paramour of a Brāhmaṇa's wife; Rāmtā. Up.
    -जिज्ञासा desire to know Brahman; अयातो ब्रह्मजिज्ञासा Brahmasūtra.
    -जीविन् a. living by sacred knowledge. (-m.) a mercenary Brāhmaṇa (who converts his sacred knowledge into trade), a Brāhmaṇa who lives by sacred knowledge.
    -ज्ञानम् knowledge about Brahman; वेदान्तसाङ्ख्यसिद्धान्त- ब्रह्मज्ञानं वदाम्यहम् Garuḍa. P.
    -ज्ञ, -ज्ञानिन् a. one who knows Brahma.
    (-ज्ञः) 1 an epithet of Kārtikeya.
    -2 of Viṣṇu.
    -ज्ञानम् true or divine knowledge, knowledge of the identity of the universe with Brahma; ब्रह्मज्ञान- प्रभासंध्याकालो गच्छति धीमताम् Paśupata. Up.7.
    -ज्येष्ठः the elder brother of Brahman; ब्रह्मज्येष्ठमुपासते T. Up.2.5. (-a.) having Brahmā as first or chief.
    -ज्योतिस् n.
    1 the light of Brahma or the Supreme Being.
    -2 an epithet of Śiva.
    -तत्त्वम् the true knowledge of the Supreme Spirit.
    -तन्त्रम् all that is taught in the Veda.
    -तालः (in music) a kind of measure.
    -तेजस् n.
    1 the glory of Brahman.
    -2 Brahmanic lustre, the lustre or glory supposed to surround a Brāhmaṇa.
    -दः a spiritual preceptor; Ms.4.232.
    -दण्डः 1 the curse of a Brāhmaṇa; एकेन ब्रह्मदण्डेन बहवो नाशिता मम Rām.
    -2 a tribute paid to a Brāhmaṇa.
    -3 an epithet of Śiva.
    -4 N. of a mythical weapon (ब्रह्मास्त्र); स्वरस्य रामो जग्राह ब्रह्मदण्डमिवापरम् Rām.3.3.24.
    -5 magic, spells, incanta- tion (अभिचार); ब्रह्मदण्डमदृष्टेषु दृष्टेषु चतुरङ्गिणीम् Mb.12. 13.27.
    -दर्मा Ptychotis Ajowan (Mar. ओवा).
    -दानम् 1 the imparting of sacred knowledge.
    -2 sacred knowledge, received as an inheritance or hereditary gift; सर्वेषामेव दानानां ब्रह्मदानं विशिष्यते Ms.4.233.
    -दायः 1 instruction in the Vedas, the imparting of sacred knowledge.
    -2 sacred knowledge received as an in- heritance; तं प्रतीतं स्वधर्मेण ब्रह्मदायहरं पितुः Ms.3.3.
    -3 the earthly possession of a Brāhmaṇa.
    -दायादः 1 one who receives the Vedas as his hereditary gift, a Brāhmaṇa.
    -2 the son of a Brāhmaṇa.
    -दारुः the mulberry tree.
    -दिनम् a day of Brahman.
    -दूषक a. falsifying the vedic texts; Hch.
    -देय a. married according to the Brāhma form of marriage; ब्रह्मदेयात्मसंतानो ज्येष्ठसामग एव च Ms.3.185. (
    -यः) the Brāhma form of marriage.
    (-यम्) 1 land granted to Brahmaṇas; श्रोत्रियेभ्यो ब्रह्मदेयान्यदण्डकराण्यभिरूपदायकानि प्रयच्छेत् Kau. A.2.1.19.
    -2 instruction in the sacred knowledge.
    -दैत्यः a Brāhmaṇa changed into a demon; cf. ब्रह्मग्रह.
    -द्वारम् entrance into Brahmā; ब्रह्मद्वारमिदमित्येवैतदाह यस्त- पसाहतपाप्मा Maitra. Up.4.4.
    -द्विष्, -द्वेषिन् a.
    1 hating Brāhmaṇas; Ms.3.154 (Kull.).
    -2 hostile to religi- ous acts or devotion, impious, godless.
    -द्वेषः hatred of Brāhmaṇas.
    -धर a. possessing sacred knowledge.
    -नदी an epithet of the river Sarasvatī.
    -नाभः an epithet of Viṣṇu.
    -निर्वाणम् absorption into the Supreme Spirit; स्थित्वास्यामन्तकाले$पि ब्रह्मनिर्वाणमृच्छति Bg.2.72.
    -2 = ब्रह्मानन्द q. v.; तं ब्रह्मनिर्वाणसमाधिमाश्रितम् Bhāg.4.6.39.
    -निष्ठ a. absorbed in or intent on the contemplation of the Supreme Spirit; ब्रह्मनिष्ठस्तथा योगी पृथग्भावं न विन्दति Aman. Up.1.31. (
    -ष्ठः) the mulberry tree.
    -नीडम् the resting-place of Brahman.
    -पदम् 1 the rank or position of a Brāhmaṇa.
    -2 the place of the Supreme Spirit.
    -पवित्रः the Kuśa grass.
    -परिषद् f. an assembly of Brāhmṇas.
    -पादपः, -पत्रः the Palāśa tree.
    -पारः the final object of all sacred knowledge.
    -पारायणम् a complete study of the Vedas, the entire Veda; याज्ञवल्क्यो मुनिर्यस्मै ब्रह्मपारायणं जगौ U.4.9; Mv.1.14.
    -पाशः N. of a missile presided over by Brahman; अबध्नादपरिस्कन्दं ब्रह्मपाशेन विस्फुरन् Bk.9.75.
    -पितृ m. an epithet of Viṣṇu.
    -पुत्रः 1 a son of Brahman.
    -2 N. of a (male) river which rises in the eastern extremity of the Himālaya and falls with the Ganges into the Bay of Bengal.
    (-त्रा) 1 a kind of vegetable poison.
    -2 See ब्रह्मपुत्रः (2). (
    -त्री) an epithet of the river Sarasvatī.
    -पुरम् the heart; दिव्ये ब्रह्मपुरे ह्येष व्योम्न्यात्मा प्रतिष्ठितः Muṇḍ.2.2.7.
    -2 the body; Ch. Up.
    -पुरम्, -पुरी 1 the city of Brahman (in heaven).
    -2 N. of Benares.
    -पुराणम् N. of one of the eighteen Purāṇas.
    -पुरुषः a minister of Brahman (the five vital airs).
    -प्रलयः the universal destruction at the end of one hundred years of Brahman in which even the Supreme Being is supposed to be swallowed up.
    -प्राप्तिः f. absorp- tion into the Supreme spirit.
    -बलम् the Brahmani- cal power.
    -बन्धुः 1 a contemptuous term for a Brāh- maṇa, an unworthy Brāhmaṇa (cf. Mar. भटुर्गा); वस ब्रह्मचर्यं न वै सोम्यास्मत्कुलीनो$ननूज्य ब्रह्मबन्धुरिव भवतीति Ch. Up.6.1.1; ब्रह्मबन्धुरिति स्माहम् Bhāg.1.81.16; M.4; V.2.
    -2 one who is a Brāhmaṇa only by caste, a nominal Brāhmaṇa.
    -बिन्दुः a drop of saliva sputtered while reciting the Veda.
    -बीजम् 1 the mystic syllable om; मनो यच्छेज्जितश्वासो ब्रह्मबीजमविस्मरन् Bhāg.2.1.17.
    -2 the mulberry tree.
    -ब्रुवः, -ब्रुवाणः one who pretends to be a Brāhmaṇa.
    -भवनम् the abode of Brahman.
    -भागः 1 the mulberry tree.
    -2 the share of the chief priest; अथास्मै ब्रह्मभागं पर्याहरन्ति Śat. Br.
    -भावः absorp- tion into the Supreme Spirit
    -भावनम् imparting religious knowledge; छेत्ता ते हृदयग्रन्थिमौदर्यो ब्रह्मभावनः Bhāg.3.24.4.
    -भिद् a. dividing the one Brahma into many.
    -भुवनम् the world of Brahman; आ ब्रह्म- भुवनाल्लोकाः पुनरावर्तिनो$र्जुन Bg.8.16.
    -भूत a. become one with Brahma, absorbed into the Supreme Spirit; आयुष्मन्तः सर्व एव ब्रह्मभूता हि मे मताः Mb.1.1.14.
    -भूतिः f. twilight.
    -भूमिजा a kind of pepper.
    -भूयम् 1 identity with Brahma, absorption or dissolution into Brahma, final emancipation; स ब्रह्मभूयं गतिमागजाम R.18.28; ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते Bg.14.26; Ms.1.98.
    -2 Brahmanahood, the state or rank of a Brāhmaṇa. धृष्टाद्धार्ष्टमभूत् क्षत्र ब्रह्मभूयं गतं क्षितौ Bhāg.9.2.17.
    -भूयस n. absorption into Brahma.
    -मङ्गलदेवता an epithet of Lakshmī.
    -महः a festival in honour of Brāhmaṇas.
    -मित्र a. having Brāhmaṇas for friends.
    -मीमांसा the Vedānta philosophy which inquires into the nature of Brahma or Supreme Spirit.
    -मुहूर्तः a particular hour of the day.
    -मूर्ति a. having the form of Brahman.
    -मूर्धभृत् m. an epithet of Śiva.
    -मेखलः the Munja plant.
    -यज्ञः one of the five daily Yajñas or sacrifices (to be performed by a householder), teaching and reciting the Vedas; अध्यापनं ब्रह्मयज्ञः Ms.3.7 (अध्यापनशब्देन अध्य- यनमपि गृह्यते Kull.)
    -योगः cultivation or acquisition of spiritual knowledge.
    -योनि a.
    1 sprung from Brahman; गुरुणा ब्रह्मयोनिना R.1.64. (
    -निः) f.
    1 original source in Brahman.
    -2 the author of the Vedas or of Brahman; किं पुनर्ब्रह्मयोनेर्यस्तव चेतसि वर्तते Ku.6.18. ˚स्थ a. intent on the means of attaining sacred knowledge; ब्राह्मणा ब्रह्मयोनिस्था ये स्वकर्मण्यवस्थिताः Ms.1.74.
    -रत्नम् a valuable present made to a Brāhmaṇa.
    -रन्ध्रम् an aperture in the crown of the head through which the soul is said to escape on its leaving the body; आरोप्य ब्रह्मरन्ध्रेण ब्रह्म नीत्वोत्सृजेत्तनुम् Bhāg.11.15.24.
    -राक्षसः See ब्रह्मग्रह; छिद्रं हि मृगयन्ते स्म विद्वांसो ब्रह्मराक्षसाः Rām. 1.8.17.
    -रवः muttering of prayers.
    -रसः Brahma's savour. ˚आसवः Brahma's nectar.
    -रातः an epithet of Śuka; Bhāg.1.9.8.
    -रात्रः early dawn.
    -रात्रिः an epithet of Yājñavalkya, (wrong for ब्रह्मरातिः)
    -राशिः 1 the whole mass or circle of sacred know- ledge.
    -2 an epithet of Paraśurāma.
    -3 a particular constellation.
    -रीतिः f. a kind of brass.
    -रे(ले)खा -लिखितम्, -लेखः lines written by the creator on the forehead of a man which indicate his destiny, the predestined lot of any man.
    -लोकः the world of Brahman.
    -लौकिक a. inhabiting the ब्रह्मलोक.
    -वक्तृ m. an expounder of the Vedas.
    -वद्यम् knowledge of Brahma.
    -वधः, -वध्या, -हत्या the murder of a Brāh- maṇa.
    -वर्चस् n.,
    -वर्चसम् 1 divine glory or splendour, spiritual pre-eminence or holiness resulting from sacred knowledge; स य एवमेतद्रथन्तरमग्नौ प्रोतं वेद ब्रह्मवर्चस्यन्नादो भवति Ch. Up.2.12.2; (तस्य) हेतुस्त्वद्ब्रह्मवर्चसम् R.1.63; Ms.2.37;4.94.
    -2 the inherent sanctity or power of a Brāhmaṇa; Ś.6.
    -वर्चसिन्, -वर्चस्विन् a. holy or sanctified by spiritual pre-eminence, holy; अपृथग्धीरुपा- सीत ब्रह्मवर्चस्व्यकल्मषः Bhāg.11.17.32. (-m.) an eminent or holy Brāhmaṇa; ब्रह्मवर्चस्विनः पुत्रा जायन्ते शिष्टसंमताः Ms. 3.39.
    -वर्तः see ब्रह्मावर्त.
    -वर्धनम् copper.
    -वाच् f. the sacred text.
    -वादः a discourse on the sacred texts; ब्रह्मवादः सुसंवृत्तः श्रुतयो यत्र शेरते Bhāg.1.87.1.
    -वादिन् m.
    1 one who teaches or expounds the Vedas; U.1; Māl.1.
    -2 a follower of the Vedānta philosophy; तस्याभिषेक आरब्धो ब्राह्मणैर्ब्रह्मवादिभिः Bhāg.4.15.11. (
    -नी) an epithet of Gāyatrī; आयाहि वरदे देवि त्र्यक्षरे ब्रह्मवादिनि Gāyatryāvāhanamantra.
    -वासः the abode of Brāhma- ṇas.
    -विद्, -विद a.
    1 knowing the Supreme Spirit; ब्रह्मविद् ब्रह्मैव भवति. (-m.) a sage, theologian, philosopher.
    -विद्या, -वित्त्वम् knowledge of the Supreme Spirit. ब्रह्मविद्यापरिज्ञानं ब्रह्मप्राप्तिकरं स्थितम् Śuka. Up.3.1.
    -विन्दुः see ब्रह्मबिन्दु.
    -विवर्धनः an epithet of Indra.
    -विहारः a pious conduct, perfect state; Buddh.
    -वीणा a particular Vīṇā.
    -वृक्षः 1 the Palāśa tree.
    -2 the Udumbara tree.
    -वृत्तिः f. livelihood of a Brāhmaṇa; ब्रह्मवृत्त्या हि पूर्णत्वं तया पूर्णत्वमभ्यसेत् Tejobindu Up.1.42.
    -वृन्दम् an assemblage of Brāhmaṇas.
    -वेदः 1 knowledge of the Vedas.
    -2 monotheism, knowledge of Brahma.
    -3 the Veda of the Brāhmaṇas (opp. क्षत्रवेद).
    -4 N. of the Atharvaveda; ब्रह्मवेदस्याथर्वर्णं शुक्रमत एव मन्त्राः प्रादु- र्बभूवुः Praṇava Up.4.
    -वेदिन् a. knowing the Vedas; cf. ब्रह्मविद्.
    -वैवर्तम् N. of one of the eighteen Purāṇas
    -व्रतम् a vow of chastity.
    -शल्यः Acacia Arabica (Mar. बाभळ).
    -शाला 1 the hall of Brahman.
    -2 a place for reciting the Vedas.
    -शासनम् 1 a decree addressed to Brāhmaṇas.
    -2 a command of Brahman.
    -3 the command of a Brāhmaṇa.
    -4 instruction about sacred duty.
    -शिरस्, -शीर्षन् n. N. of a particular missile; अस्त्रं ब्रह्मशिरस्तस्मै ततस्तोषाद्ददौ गुरुः Bm.1.649.
    -श्री N. of a Sāman.
    -संसद् f. an assembly of Brāh- maṇas.
    -संस्थ a. wholly devoted to the sacred know- ledge (ब्रह्म); ब्रह्मसंस्थो$मृतत्वमेति Ch. Up.2.23.1.
    -सती an epithet of the river Sarasvatī.
    -सत्रम् 1 repeating and teaching the Vedas (= ब्रह्मयज्ञ q. v.); ब्रह्मसत्रेण जीवति Ms.4.9; ब्रह्मसत्रे व्यवस्थितः Mb.12.243.4.
    -2 medita- tion of Brahma (ब्रह्मविचार); स्वायंभुव ब्रह्मसत्रं जनलोके$भवत् पुरा Bhāg.1.87.9.
    -3 absorption into the Supreme Spirit.
    -सत्रिन् a. offering the sacrifice of prayer.
    -सदस् n. the residence of Brahman.
    -सभा the hall or court of Brahman.
    -संभव a. sprung or coming from Brahman. (
    -वः) N. of Nārada.
    -सर्पः a kind of snake.
    -सवः distillation of Soma.
    -सायुज्यम् com- plete identification with the Supreme Spirit; cf. ब्रह्मभूय.
    -सार्ष्टिता identification or union or equality with Brahma; Ms.4.232.
    -सावर्णिः N. of the tenth Manu; दशमो ब्रह्मसावर्णिरुपश्लोकसुतो महान् Bhāg.8.13.21.
    -सुतः 1 N. of Nārada, Marīchi &c.
    -2 a kind of Ketu.
    -सुवर्चला f.
    1 N. of a medicinal plant (ब्राह्मी ?).
    -2 an infusion (क्वथितमुदक); पिबेद् ब्रह्मसुवर्चलाम् Ms.11.159.
    -सूः 1 N. of Aniruddha.
    -2 N. of the god of love.
    -सूत्रम् 1 the sacred thread worn by the Brāhmaṇas or the twice-born (द्विज) over the shoulder; Bhāg. 1.39.51.
    -2 the aphorisms of the Vedānta philosophy by Bādarāyaṇa; ब्रह्मसूत्रपदैश्चैव हेतुमद्भिर्विनिश्चितैः Bg.13.4.
    -सूत्रिन् a. invested with the sacred thread.
    -सृज् m. an epithet of Śiva.
    -स्तम्बः the world, universe; ब्रह्मस्तम्बनिकुञ्जपुञ्जितघनज्याघोषघोरं धनुः Mv.3.48.
    -स्तेयम् acquiring holy knowledge by unlawful means; स ब्रह्मस्तेयसंयुक्तो नरकं प्रतिपद्यते Ms.2.116.
    -स्थली a place for learning the Veda (पाठशाला);...... ब्रह्मस्थलीषु च । सरी- सृपाणि दृश्यन्ते... Rām.6.1.16.
    -स्थानः the mulberry tree.
    -स्वम् the property or possessions of a Brāhmaṇa; परस्य योषितं हृत्वा ब्रह्मस्वमपहृत्य च । अरण्ये निर्जले देशे भवति ब्रह्मराक्षसः ॥ Y.3.212. ˚हारिन् a. stealing a Brāhmaṇa's property.
    -स्वरूप a. of the nature of the Supreme Spirit.
    -हत्या, -वधः Brahmanicide, killing a Brāh- maṇa; ब्रह्महत्यां वा एते घ्नन्ति Trisuparṇa. हन् a. murderer of a Brāhmaṇa; ब्रह्महा द्वादश समाः कुटीं कृत्वा वने वसेत् Ms.11.72.
    -हुतम् one of the five daily Yajñas or sacrifices, which consists in offering the rites of hospitality to guests; cf. Ms.3.74.
    -हृदयः, -यम् N. of a star (Capella).

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > ब्रह्मन् _brahman

  • 35 örnek

    adj. exemplary, pattern, reference, representative, sample
    --------
    n. example, sample, pattern, specimen, model, type, copy, exemplar, version, exemplification, guide, illustration, instance, lead, norm, object lesson, precedent, representative, sampling, trial, type specimen
    * * *
    1. quintessence 2. specimen 3. example 4. exemplar 5. illustration 6. instance 7. paradigm 8. sample (n.)

    Turkish-English dictionary > örnek

  • 36 목표판

    n. landmark, distinctive or prominent object in a landscape (often serves as a guide to travelers on land or sea)

    Korean-English dictionary > 목표판

  • 37 उद्यम्


    ud-yam
    P. - yacchati (aor. - ayān RV. VI, 71, 5),

    Ā. (if the result of the action returns to the agent Pāṇ. 1-3, 75)
    - yacchate (aor. - ayaṉsta andﾠ - yamishṭa);
    Subj. - yaṉsate RV. I, 143, 7 ;
    inf. - yámam MaitrS. II, 4, 3)
    to lift up, raise RV. V, 32, 7; VI, 71, 1 and 5 AV. AitBr. ṠBr. Lāṭy. Ṡak. etc.. ;
    to raise, set up, elevate;
    to put up orﾠ higher, carry orﾠ bring upwards RV. IV, 53, 1; I, 143, 7 TS. ṠBr. KātyṠr. etc.. ;
    to hold out, present, offer (a sacrifice to gods, orﾠ any other thing to men) RV. AV. TS. MBh. BhP. R. etc.;
    to shake up, rouse RV. I, 10, 1; I, 56, 1; X, 119, 2 AV. XIV, 1, 59 ;
    to raise (one's voice, orﾠ rays, orﾠ light) RV. ;
    to undertake, commence;
    to be diligent, strive after (only P. e.g.. udyacchaticikitsāṉvaidyaḥ, « the physician strives after the science of medicine» Kāṡ. on Pāṇ. 1-3, 75 ;
    with dat. orﾠ acc. orﾠ without any object) MBh. Hariv. Ragh. Kathās. Rājat. etc.;
    to rein, curb;
    to guide MBh. ;
    to keep away orﾠ off, restrain, check TS. VI, 3, 4, 6 TBr. III, 3, 1, 3:
    Intens. - yamyamīti, to raise, stretch out (the arms) RV. I, 95, 7.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > उद्यम्

  • 38 derigo

    dī-rĭgo or dērĭgo (the latter form preferred by Roby, L. G. 2, p. 387; cf. Rib. Proleg. ad Verg. p. 401 sq.; so Liv. 21, 19, 1; 21, 47, 8; 22, 28 Weissenb.; id. 22, 47, 2 Drak.; Lach. ad Lucr. 4, 609; Tac. A. 6, 40 Ritter; acc. to Brambach, s. v., the two forms are different words, de-rigo meaning to give a particular direction to; di-rigo, to arrange in distinct lines, set or move different ways; cf. describo and discribo. But the distinction is not observed in the MSS. and edd. generally), rexi, rectum, 3 ( perf. sync. direxti, Verg. A. 6, 57), v. a. [dis-rego], to lay straight, set in a straight line, to arrange, draw up (class.; cf.: guberno, collineo, teneo).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    coronam si diviseris, arcus erit: si direxeris, virga,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 10:

    haec directa materia injecta consternebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 8:

    crates,

    id. B. C. 3, 46, 5:

    naves ante portum,

    Liv. 37, 31; cf.:

    naves in pugnam,

    id. 22, 19:

    vicos,

    i. e. to build regularly, id. 5, 55; cf.

    castella,

    Flor. 4, 12, 26:

    molem recta fronte,

    Curt. 4, 3 et saep.:

    regiones lituo,

    i. e. to lay out, bound, Cic. Div. 1, 17; cf.:

    finem alicui veterem viam regiam,

    Liv. 39, 27.—Esp. freq.:

    aciem,

    to draw up the troops in battle array, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 5; Liv. 21, 47 fin.; 34, 28; Front. Strat. 1, 12, 3; 2, 1, 4 et saep.; cf.

    frontem,

    Quint. 2, 13, 3; 5, 13, 11:

    membrana plumbo derecta,

    ruled with a lead-pencil, Cat. 22, 7.—
    * b.
    Perh. i. q., to split, cleave in twain:

    elephantum machaeră dirigit,

    Plaut. Curc. 3, 54 (dub.); cf.: dirigere apud Plautum invenitur pro discidere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 15 Müll.—
    B.
    In partic., with respect to the terminus, to send in a straight line, to direct to a place (so most freq.):

    ex vestigio vela ad castra Corneliana,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 25, 6:

    aciem ad te,

    Cat. 63, 56:

    cursum ad litora,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 25, 4: iter ad Mutinam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 112 et saep.—Afterwards more freq. with in:

    equum in consulem,

    Liv. 2, 6:

    currum in hostem,

    Ov. M. 12, 78:

    tela manusque in corpus Aeacidae,

    Verg. A. 6, 57; Front. Strat. 3, 3, 4:

    hastam in te,

    Ov. M. 8, 66; cf.:

    dentes in inguina,

    id. ib. 8, 400:

    cursum in Africam,

    Vell. 2, 19 fin.:

    cursum per auras in lucos,

    Verg. A. 6, 195 et saep.:

    navem eo,

    Nep. Chabr. 4, 2:

    gressum huc,

    Verg. A. 5, 162; 11, 855 et saep.; and poet. with the dat.:

    Ilo hastam,

    Verg. A. 10, 401 et saep.—Without designating the limit:

    ab iisdem (Etesiis) maritimi cursus (i. e. navium) celeres et certi diriguntur,

    to be directed, steered, Cic. N. D. 2, 53:

    iter navis,

    Ov. F. 1, 4:

    cursum,

    Front. Strat. 3, 13, 6; esp. freq. of weapons, to aim, direct:

    spicula,

    Verg. A. 7, 497; Ov. M. 12, 606:

    hastile,

    Verg. A. 12, 490:

    tela,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 18:

    sagittas,

    Suet. Dom. 19 et saep.— Poet.:

    vulnera,

    Verg. A. 10, 140; Sil. 2, 92 Drak.; Tac. H. 2, 35; cf.:

    vulnera alicui,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 160.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to set in order, arrange (very rare):

    materias divisione dirigere,

    Quint. 2, 6, 1.—Far more freq. (esp. in Cic. and Quint.),
    B.
    In partic.: aliquid ad or in aliquid; also: aliqua re, to direct, guide, arrange a thing either to something (as its aim, scope) or according to something (as its rule or pattern).
    (α).
    With ad: meas cogitationes sic dirigo, non ad illam parvulam Cynosuram sed, etc., Ac. 2, 20, 66; cf.:

    orationem ad exempla,

    id. Rep. 2, 31 fin.; Quint. 10, 2, 1:

    judicium ad ea,

    id. 6, 5, 2:

    se ad id quod, etc.,

    id. 12, 3, 8; cf.:

    se ad ea effingenda,

    id. 10, 1, 127:

    praecipua rerum ad famam,

    Tac. A. 4, 40 et saep.—In a different sense (viz., with ad equiv. to secundum, v. ad):

    in verbis et eligendis et collocandis nihil non ad rationem,

    Cic. Brut. 37, 140:

    vitam ad certam rationis normam,

    to conform, id. Mur. 2:

    leges hominum ad naturam,

    id. Leg. 2, 5 fin.; id. Or. 2 fin. et saep.—
    (β).
    With in (not so in Cic.):

    tota mente (intentionem) in opus ipsum,

    Quint. 10, 3, 28:

    communes locos in vitia,

    id. 2, 1, 11; Front. Strat. 3, 2, 2 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With abl. (only in Cic.):

    quos (fines) utilitate aut voluptate dirigunt,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 20 fin.:

    omnia voluptate,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 71:

    utilitatem honestate,

    id. Off. 3, 21, 83:

    haec normā,

    id. de Or. 3, 49, 190.—
    (δ).
    Without an object:

    (divinatio) ad veritatem saepissime dirigit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 14 fin. —
    (ε).
    With acc. only: epistolam (sc. ad aliquem), to write, Capit. Clod. Alb. 2.—
    (ζ).
    With adversus, Quint. 5, 7, 6.—Hence, dīrectus ( dērectus), a, um, P. a., made straight, straight, direct, whether horizontally or perpendicularly; straight, level; upright, steep.
    A.
    Lit.:

    auditus flexuosum iter habet, ne quid intrare possit, si simplex et directum pateret,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144; cf.

    aes (tubae), opp. flexum,

    Ov. M. 1, 98:

    iter,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 79, 2: latera, id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; cf.

    trabes,

    id. ib. 7, 23, 1:

    ordo (olearum),

    Cic. Caecin. 8, 22:

    arcus (opp. obliquus),

    Ov. M. 2, 129:

    paries,

    i. e. that cuts another at right angles, Cic. Top. 4: ut directiores ictus flant, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 2:

    praeruptus locus utraque ex parte directus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 4; cf. id. ib. 2, 24, 3:

    (Henna) ab omni aditu circumcisa atque directa,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48 Zumpt N. cr.:

    cornu,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 26.— Subst.: dī-rectum, i, n., a straight line:

    in directo pedum VIII. esse, in anfracto XVI.,

    in a straight line, Varr. L. L. 7, § 15 Müll.; so,

    altitudo (montis) per directum IV. M. pass.,

    Plin. 5, 22, 18, § 80; cf. id. 3, 5, 9, § 66 al.:

    cadere in directum moderate (with exire per devexum),

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 20; Vulg. Ezech. 47, 20 al.—
    B.
    Trop., straightforward, unceremonious, open, simple, direct:

    o praeclaram beate vivendi et apertam et simplicem et directam viam,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 18; cf.:

    iter ad laudem,

    id. Cael. 17, 41:

    vera illa et directa ratio,

    id. ib. 18:

    tristis ac directus senex,

    id. ib. 16, 38; cf.:

    quid est in judicio? Directum, asperum, simplex, SI PARET HS ICCC DARI,

    id. Rosc. Com. 4, 11:

    percunctatio et denuntiatio belli,

    Liv. 21, 19; cf.

    contiones,

    Just. 38, 3 fin. (v. obliquus):

    verba,

    Cod. Just. 6, 23, 15:

    actio,

    Dig. 3, 5, 46; 9, 4, 26 et saep.; cf.

    institutio (opp. precaria),

    id. 29, 1, 19:

    libertates (opp. fideicommissariae),

    id. 29, 4, 12.— Adv.
    a.
    dīrectē, directly, straight (very rare):

    dicere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 7, 24:

    ire,

    Vulg. Sap. 5, 22.—Far more freq.,
    b.
    dīrectō, directly, straight:

    deorsum ferri,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 25:

    transversas trabes,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 2:

    ad fidem spectare,

    Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46; so id. Div. 2, 61 fin. (opp. anfractus and circuitio); Liv. 1, 11 fin.; Sen. Ep. 66; Dig. 9, 4, 26 al. —
    * c.
    dīrectā:

    quo magis ursimus alte directā,

    press deep down perpendicularly, Lucr. 2, 198.—
    d.
    dīrectim, straightway, directly (post-class.), App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 34; Macr. S. 7, 12 fin.—Comp.:

    directius gubernare,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66.— Sup. seems not to occur either in the adj. or in the adv.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > derigo

  • 39 directum

    dī-rĭgo or dērĭgo (the latter form preferred by Roby, L. G. 2, p. 387; cf. Rib. Proleg. ad Verg. p. 401 sq.; so Liv. 21, 19, 1; 21, 47, 8; 22, 28 Weissenb.; id. 22, 47, 2 Drak.; Lach. ad Lucr. 4, 609; Tac. A. 6, 40 Ritter; acc. to Brambach, s. v., the two forms are different words, de-rigo meaning to give a particular direction to; di-rigo, to arrange in distinct lines, set or move different ways; cf. describo and discribo. But the distinction is not observed in the MSS. and edd. generally), rexi, rectum, 3 ( perf. sync. direxti, Verg. A. 6, 57), v. a. [dis-rego], to lay straight, set in a straight line, to arrange, draw up (class.; cf.: guberno, collineo, teneo).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    coronam si diviseris, arcus erit: si direxeris, virga,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 10:

    haec directa materia injecta consternebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 8:

    crates,

    id. B. C. 3, 46, 5:

    naves ante portum,

    Liv. 37, 31; cf.:

    naves in pugnam,

    id. 22, 19:

    vicos,

    i. e. to build regularly, id. 5, 55; cf.

    castella,

    Flor. 4, 12, 26:

    molem recta fronte,

    Curt. 4, 3 et saep.:

    regiones lituo,

    i. e. to lay out, bound, Cic. Div. 1, 17; cf.:

    finem alicui veterem viam regiam,

    Liv. 39, 27.—Esp. freq.:

    aciem,

    to draw up the troops in battle array, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 5; Liv. 21, 47 fin.; 34, 28; Front. Strat. 1, 12, 3; 2, 1, 4 et saep.; cf.

    frontem,

    Quint. 2, 13, 3; 5, 13, 11:

    membrana plumbo derecta,

    ruled with a lead-pencil, Cat. 22, 7.—
    * b.
    Perh. i. q., to split, cleave in twain:

    elephantum machaeră dirigit,

    Plaut. Curc. 3, 54 (dub.); cf.: dirigere apud Plautum invenitur pro discidere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 15 Müll.—
    B.
    In partic., with respect to the terminus, to send in a straight line, to direct to a place (so most freq.):

    ex vestigio vela ad castra Corneliana,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 25, 6:

    aciem ad te,

    Cat. 63, 56:

    cursum ad litora,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 25, 4: iter ad Mutinam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 112 et saep.—Afterwards more freq. with in:

    equum in consulem,

    Liv. 2, 6:

    currum in hostem,

    Ov. M. 12, 78:

    tela manusque in corpus Aeacidae,

    Verg. A. 6, 57; Front. Strat. 3, 3, 4:

    hastam in te,

    Ov. M. 8, 66; cf.:

    dentes in inguina,

    id. ib. 8, 400:

    cursum in Africam,

    Vell. 2, 19 fin.:

    cursum per auras in lucos,

    Verg. A. 6, 195 et saep.:

    navem eo,

    Nep. Chabr. 4, 2:

    gressum huc,

    Verg. A. 5, 162; 11, 855 et saep.; and poet. with the dat.:

    Ilo hastam,

    Verg. A. 10, 401 et saep.—Without designating the limit:

    ab iisdem (Etesiis) maritimi cursus (i. e. navium) celeres et certi diriguntur,

    to be directed, steered, Cic. N. D. 2, 53:

    iter navis,

    Ov. F. 1, 4:

    cursum,

    Front. Strat. 3, 13, 6; esp. freq. of weapons, to aim, direct:

    spicula,

    Verg. A. 7, 497; Ov. M. 12, 606:

    hastile,

    Verg. A. 12, 490:

    tela,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 18:

    sagittas,

    Suet. Dom. 19 et saep.— Poet.:

    vulnera,

    Verg. A. 10, 140; Sil. 2, 92 Drak.; Tac. H. 2, 35; cf.:

    vulnera alicui,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 160.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to set in order, arrange (very rare):

    materias divisione dirigere,

    Quint. 2, 6, 1.—Far more freq. (esp. in Cic. and Quint.),
    B.
    In partic.: aliquid ad or in aliquid; also: aliqua re, to direct, guide, arrange a thing either to something (as its aim, scope) or according to something (as its rule or pattern).
    (α).
    With ad: meas cogitationes sic dirigo, non ad illam parvulam Cynosuram sed, etc., Ac. 2, 20, 66; cf.:

    orationem ad exempla,

    id. Rep. 2, 31 fin.; Quint. 10, 2, 1:

    judicium ad ea,

    id. 6, 5, 2:

    se ad id quod, etc.,

    id. 12, 3, 8; cf.:

    se ad ea effingenda,

    id. 10, 1, 127:

    praecipua rerum ad famam,

    Tac. A. 4, 40 et saep.—In a different sense (viz., with ad equiv. to secundum, v. ad):

    in verbis et eligendis et collocandis nihil non ad rationem,

    Cic. Brut. 37, 140:

    vitam ad certam rationis normam,

    to conform, id. Mur. 2:

    leges hominum ad naturam,

    id. Leg. 2, 5 fin.; id. Or. 2 fin. et saep.—
    (β).
    With in (not so in Cic.):

    tota mente (intentionem) in opus ipsum,

    Quint. 10, 3, 28:

    communes locos in vitia,

    id. 2, 1, 11; Front. Strat. 3, 2, 2 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With abl. (only in Cic.):

    quos (fines) utilitate aut voluptate dirigunt,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 20 fin.:

    omnia voluptate,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 71:

    utilitatem honestate,

    id. Off. 3, 21, 83:

    haec normā,

    id. de Or. 3, 49, 190.—
    (δ).
    Without an object:

    (divinatio) ad veritatem saepissime dirigit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 14 fin. —
    (ε).
    With acc. only: epistolam (sc. ad aliquem), to write, Capit. Clod. Alb. 2.—
    (ζ).
    With adversus, Quint. 5, 7, 6.—Hence, dīrectus ( dērectus), a, um, P. a., made straight, straight, direct, whether horizontally or perpendicularly; straight, level; upright, steep.
    A.
    Lit.:

    auditus flexuosum iter habet, ne quid intrare possit, si simplex et directum pateret,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144; cf.

    aes (tubae), opp. flexum,

    Ov. M. 1, 98:

    iter,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 79, 2: latera, id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; cf.

    trabes,

    id. ib. 7, 23, 1:

    ordo (olearum),

    Cic. Caecin. 8, 22:

    arcus (opp. obliquus),

    Ov. M. 2, 129:

    paries,

    i. e. that cuts another at right angles, Cic. Top. 4: ut directiores ictus flant, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 2:

    praeruptus locus utraque ex parte directus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 4; cf. id. ib. 2, 24, 3:

    (Henna) ab omni aditu circumcisa atque directa,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48 Zumpt N. cr.:

    cornu,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 26.— Subst.: dī-rectum, i, n., a straight line:

    in directo pedum VIII. esse, in anfracto XVI.,

    in a straight line, Varr. L. L. 7, § 15 Müll.; so,

    altitudo (montis) per directum IV. M. pass.,

    Plin. 5, 22, 18, § 80; cf. id. 3, 5, 9, § 66 al.:

    cadere in directum moderate (with exire per devexum),

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 20; Vulg. Ezech. 47, 20 al.—
    B.
    Trop., straightforward, unceremonious, open, simple, direct:

    o praeclaram beate vivendi et apertam et simplicem et directam viam,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 18; cf.:

    iter ad laudem,

    id. Cael. 17, 41:

    vera illa et directa ratio,

    id. ib. 18:

    tristis ac directus senex,

    id. ib. 16, 38; cf.:

    quid est in judicio? Directum, asperum, simplex, SI PARET HS ICCC DARI,

    id. Rosc. Com. 4, 11:

    percunctatio et denuntiatio belli,

    Liv. 21, 19; cf.

    contiones,

    Just. 38, 3 fin. (v. obliquus):

    verba,

    Cod. Just. 6, 23, 15:

    actio,

    Dig. 3, 5, 46; 9, 4, 26 et saep.; cf.

    institutio (opp. precaria),

    id. 29, 1, 19:

    libertates (opp. fideicommissariae),

    id. 29, 4, 12.— Adv.
    a.
    dīrectē, directly, straight (very rare):

    dicere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 7, 24:

    ire,

    Vulg. Sap. 5, 22.—Far more freq.,
    b.
    dīrectō, directly, straight:

    deorsum ferri,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 25:

    transversas trabes,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 2:

    ad fidem spectare,

    Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46; so id. Div. 2, 61 fin. (opp. anfractus and circuitio); Liv. 1, 11 fin.; Sen. Ep. 66; Dig. 9, 4, 26 al. —
    * c.
    dīrectā:

    quo magis ursimus alte directā,

    press deep down perpendicularly, Lucr. 2, 198.—
    d.
    dīrectim, straightway, directly (post-class.), App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 34; Macr. S. 7, 12 fin.—Comp.:

    directius gubernare,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66.— Sup. seems not to occur either in the adj. or in the adv.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > directum

  • 40 dirigo

    dī-rĭgo or dērĭgo (the latter form preferred by Roby, L. G. 2, p. 387; cf. Rib. Proleg. ad Verg. p. 401 sq.; so Liv. 21, 19, 1; 21, 47, 8; 22, 28 Weissenb.; id. 22, 47, 2 Drak.; Lach. ad Lucr. 4, 609; Tac. A. 6, 40 Ritter; acc. to Brambach, s. v., the two forms are different words, de-rigo meaning to give a particular direction to; di-rigo, to arrange in distinct lines, set or move different ways; cf. describo and discribo. But the distinction is not observed in the MSS. and edd. generally), rexi, rectum, 3 ( perf. sync. direxti, Verg. A. 6, 57), v. a. [dis-rego], to lay straight, set in a straight line, to arrange, draw up (class.; cf.: guberno, collineo, teneo).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    coronam si diviseris, arcus erit: si direxeris, virga,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 10:

    haec directa materia injecta consternebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 8:

    crates,

    id. B. C. 3, 46, 5:

    naves ante portum,

    Liv. 37, 31; cf.:

    naves in pugnam,

    id. 22, 19:

    vicos,

    i. e. to build regularly, id. 5, 55; cf.

    castella,

    Flor. 4, 12, 26:

    molem recta fronte,

    Curt. 4, 3 et saep.:

    regiones lituo,

    i. e. to lay out, bound, Cic. Div. 1, 17; cf.:

    finem alicui veterem viam regiam,

    Liv. 39, 27.—Esp. freq.:

    aciem,

    to draw up the troops in battle array, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 5; Liv. 21, 47 fin.; 34, 28; Front. Strat. 1, 12, 3; 2, 1, 4 et saep.; cf.

    frontem,

    Quint. 2, 13, 3; 5, 13, 11:

    membrana plumbo derecta,

    ruled with a lead-pencil, Cat. 22, 7.—
    * b.
    Perh. i. q., to split, cleave in twain:

    elephantum machaeră dirigit,

    Plaut. Curc. 3, 54 (dub.); cf.: dirigere apud Plautum invenitur pro discidere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 15 Müll.—
    B.
    In partic., with respect to the terminus, to send in a straight line, to direct to a place (so most freq.):

    ex vestigio vela ad castra Corneliana,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 25, 6:

    aciem ad te,

    Cat. 63, 56:

    cursum ad litora,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 25, 4: iter ad Mutinam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 112 et saep.—Afterwards more freq. with in:

    equum in consulem,

    Liv. 2, 6:

    currum in hostem,

    Ov. M. 12, 78:

    tela manusque in corpus Aeacidae,

    Verg. A. 6, 57; Front. Strat. 3, 3, 4:

    hastam in te,

    Ov. M. 8, 66; cf.:

    dentes in inguina,

    id. ib. 8, 400:

    cursum in Africam,

    Vell. 2, 19 fin.:

    cursum per auras in lucos,

    Verg. A. 6, 195 et saep.:

    navem eo,

    Nep. Chabr. 4, 2:

    gressum huc,

    Verg. A. 5, 162; 11, 855 et saep.; and poet. with the dat.:

    Ilo hastam,

    Verg. A. 10, 401 et saep.—Without designating the limit:

    ab iisdem (Etesiis) maritimi cursus (i. e. navium) celeres et certi diriguntur,

    to be directed, steered, Cic. N. D. 2, 53:

    iter navis,

    Ov. F. 1, 4:

    cursum,

    Front. Strat. 3, 13, 6; esp. freq. of weapons, to aim, direct:

    spicula,

    Verg. A. 7, 497; Ov. M. 12, 606:

    hastile,

    Verg. A. 12, 490:

    tela,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 18:

    sagittas,

    Suet. Dom. 19 et saep.— Poet.:

    vulnera,

    Verg. A. 10, 140; Sil. 2, 92 Drak.; Tac. H. 2, 35; cf.:

    vulnera alicui,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 160.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to set in order, arrange (very rare):

    materias divisione dirigere,

    Quint. 2, 6, 1.—Far more freq. (esp. in Cic. and Quint.),
    B.
    In partic.: aliquid ad or in aliquid; also: aliqua re, to direct, guide, arrange a thing either to something (as its aim, scope) or according to something (as its rule or pattern).
    (α).
    With ad: meas cogitationes sic dirigo, non ad illam parvulam Cynosuram sed, etc., Ac. 2, 20, 66; cf.:

    orationem ad exempla,

    id. Rep. 2, 31 fin.; Quint. 10, 2, 1:

    judicium ad ea,

    id. 6, 5, 2:

    se ad id quod, etc.,

    id. 12, 3, 8; cf.:

    se ad ea effingenda,

    id. 10, 1, 127:

    praecipua rerum ad famam,

    Tac. A. 4, 40 et saep.—In a different sense (viz., with ad equiv. to secundum, v. ad):

    in verbis et eligendis et collocandis nihil non ad rationem,

    Cic. Brut. 37, 140:

    vitam ad certam rationis normam,

    to conform, id. Mur. 2:

    leges hominum ad naturam,

    id. Leg. 2, 5 fin.; id. Or. 2 fin. et saep.—
    (β).
    With in (not so in Cic.):

    tota mente (intentionem) in opus ipsum,

    Quint. 10, 3, 28:

    communes locos in vitia,

    id. 2, 1, 11; Front. Strat. 3, 2, 2 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With abl. (only in Cic.):

    quos (fines) utilitate aut voluptate dirigunt,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 20 fin.:

    omnia voluptate,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 71:

    utilitatem honestate,

    id. Off. 3, 21, 83:

    haec normā,

    id. de Or. 3, 49, 190.—
    (δ).
    Without an object:

    (divinatio) ad veritatem saepissime dirigit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 14 fin. —
    (ε).
    With acc. only: epistolam (sc. ad aliquem), to write, Capit. Clod. Alb. 2.—
    (ζ).
    With adversus, Quint. 5, 7, 6.—Hence, dīrectus ( dērectus), a, um, P. a., made straight, straight, direct, whether horizontally or perpendicularly; straight, level; upright, steep.
    A.
    Lit.:

    auditus flexuosum iter habet, ne quid intrare possit, si simplex et directum pateret,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144; cf.

    aes (tubae), opp. flexum,

    Ov. M. 1, 98:

    iter,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 79, 2: latera, id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; cf.

    trabes,

    id. ib. 7, 23, 1:

    ordo (olearum),

    Cic. Caecin. 8, 22:

    arcus (opp. obliquus),

    Ov. M. 2, 129:

    paries,

    i. e. that cuts another at right angles, Cic. Top. 4: ut directiores ictus flant, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 2:

    praeruptus locus utraque ex parte directus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 4; cf. id. ib. 2, 24, 3:

    (Henna) ab omni aditu circumcisa atque directa,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48 Zumpt N. cr.:

    cornu,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 26.— Subst.: dī-rectum, i, n., a straight line:

    in directo pedum VIII. esse, in anfracto XVI.,

    in a straight line, Varr. L. L. 7, § 15 Müll.; so,

    altitudo (montis) per directum IV. M. pass.,

    Plin. 5, 22, 18, § 80; cf. id. 3, 5, 9, § 66 al.:

    cadere in directum moderate (with exire per devexum),

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 20; Vulg. Ezech. 47, 20 al.—
    B.
    Trop., straightforward, unceremonious, open, simple, direct:

    o praeclaram beate vivendi et apertam et simplicem et directam viam,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 18; cf.:

    iter ad laudem,

    id. Cael. 17, 41:

    vera illa et directa ratio,

    id. ib. 18:

    tristis ac directus senex,

    id. ib. 16, 38; cf.:

    quid est in judicio? Directum, asperum, simplex, SI PARET HS ICCC DARI,

    id. Rosc. Com. 4, 11:

    percunctatio et denuntiatio belli,

    Liv. 21, 19; cf.

    contiones,

    Just. 38, 3 fin. (v. obliquus):

    verba,

    Cod. Just. 6, 23, 15:

    actio,

    Dig. 3, 5, 46; 9, 4, 26 et saep.; cf.

    institutio (opp. precaria),

    id. 29, 1, 19:

    libertates (opp. fideicommissariae),

    id. 29, 4, 12.— Adv.
    a.
    dīrectē, directly, straight (very rare):

    dicere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 7, 24:

    ire,

    Vulg. Sap. 5, 22.—Far more freq.,
    b.
    dīrectō, directly, straight:

    deorsum ferri,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 25:

    transversas trabes,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 2:

    ad fidem spectare,

    Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46; so id. Div. 2, 61 fin. (opp. anfractus and circuitio); Liv. 1, 11 fin.; Sen. Ep. 66; Dig. 9, 4, 26 al. —
    * c.
    dīrectā:

    quo magis ursimus alte directā,

    press deep down perpendicularly, Lucr. 2, 198.—
    d.
    dīrectim, straightway, directly (post-class.), App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 34; Macr. S. 7, 12 fin.—Comp.:

    directius gubernare,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66.— Sup. seems not to occur either in the adj. or in the adv.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dirigo

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