-
1 mьglà
mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94Old Church Slavic:Russian:mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];Czech:Old Czech:Polish:Upper Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]Slovene:mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]Bulgarian:măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláHLithuanian:miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]Latvian:mìegs `sleep' [m o]Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂IE meaning: mist, cloudPage in Pokorny: 712Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.Other cognates:Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather';Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];Notes: -
2 mьgà
mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94Old Church Slavic:Russian:mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];Czech:Old Czech:Polish:Upper Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]Slovene:mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]Bulgarian:măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláHLithuanian:miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]Latvian:mìegs `sleep' [m o]Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂IE meaning: mist, cloudPage in Pokorny: 712Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.Other cognates:Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather';Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];Notes: -
3 miglъ
mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94Old Church Slavic:Russian:mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];Czech:Old Czech:Polish:Upper Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]Slovene:mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]Bulgarian:măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláHLithuanian:miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]Latvian:mìegs `sleep' [m o]Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂IE meaning: mist, cloudPage in Pokorny: 712Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.Other cognates:Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather';Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];Notes: -
4 plin
accelerator, gas -
5 bȏrgъ
bȏrgъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `stack, rick'Page in Trubačev: II 202-203Ukrainian:Old Czech:Polish:Slovincian:brȯ́u̯g `stack, rick' [m o], brùo̯gu̇Lower Sorbian:Indo-European reconstruction: bʰorgʰ-o-Page in Pokorny: 145Comments: Lith. b(a)rãgas `stack, rick' is a Slavic borrowing. Ru. brog was probably borrowed from Polish.Other cognates: -
6 drǫgъ
drǫ́gъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `bar, pole'Page in Trubačev: V 129-130Old Church Slavic:drǫgy (Euch.) `sticks' [Inspm o]Czech:Slovak:drúh (dial.) `bar, club' [m o]Polish:drąg `bar' [m o], drąga [Gens]Slovincian:drȯ́ųg `bar, pole' [m o], drȯ́ųga [Gens]Serbo-Croatian:drȗg `rail' [m o]Slovene:drǫ̑g `bar, latticed side of a cart' [m o]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: drongosLithuanian:drañgas `pole (used as a lever)' [m o];dránga `pole (used as a lever), edge (of a cart)' [f ā]Comments: On the basis of the Balto-Slavic and Germanic evidence, we may reconstruct * dʰrongʰ-. The limited distribution of the etymon and the fact that we find variants without a nasal or with root-final *k leads us to consider non-Indo-European origin.Other cognates: -
7 drȗgъ
I. drȗgъ I Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `companion, friend'Page in Trubačev: V 131-132Old Church Slavic:Russian:Czech:Slovak:Old Polish:Serbo-Croatian:drȗg `friend' [m o]Slovene:drȗg `companion, best man' [m o]Lithuanian:draũgas `friend' [m o] 4Latvian:dràugs `friend' [m o] 4Comments: Only Balto-Slavic and Germanic, cf. also Go. driugan `be up in arms'. I consider the connection with * dʰreugʰ- `deceive' dubious.Other cognates:Go. gadraúhts `warrior';OIc. dróttinn `prince, lord'II. drȗgъ II Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `other';Page in Trubačev: V 131-132Old Church Slavic:Russian:drugój `other' [adj o]Czech:druhý `second, other' [adj o]Slovak:druhý `second, other' [adj o]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:drȗg `second, other' [adj o];Čak. drȕgī (Vrgada) `second, other' [adj o];Čak. drȕgi (Orbanići) `other, second' [adj o]Slovene:drȗg `other' [adj o]Bulgarian:Comments: Etymologically identical with -> *drȗg I. -
8 lěgati
lěgati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `lie'Page in Trubačev: XIV 182-183Old Church Slavic:lěgati (Euch.) `lie' [verb], lěžǫ [1sg]Russian:legát' (dial.) `lie down' [verb];ljagát' (dial.) `lie down' [verb]Old Russian:lěgati `lie' [verb]Czech:Polish:legać (obs., dial.) `lie down (frequently)' [verb]Upper Sorbian:lěhać `lie, be situated' [verb]Lower Sorbian:lěgaś `lie down, lie' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:lijègati (se) `lie down, put to bed' [verb];Čak. līgȁti (Vrgada) `lie down, put to bed' [verb]Slovene:lẹ́gati `lie down, lie' [verb], lẹ́gam [1sg]Bulgarian:ljágam `lie, lie down, go to sleep' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: lēgʰ-Certainty: +Page in Pokorny: 658Other cognates: -
9 lùža
lùža Grammatical information: f. jā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `puddle, pool'Page in Trubačev: XVI 217-219Church Slavic:Russian:lúža `puddle, pool' [f jā]Czech:Old Czech:lúže `puddle, pool, swamp' [f jā]Polish:ɫuża (dial.) `pit, hollow, puddle, pool' [f jā]Polabian:lau̯ze `swamp, puddle, pool' [f jā]Serbo-Croatian:lȕža `puddle, pool, mud, bog' [f jā]Slovene:lúža `puddle, pool' [f jā]Lithuanian:liū̃gnas `puddle' [m o] 2;liū̃gas `puddle, little marsh, mud, quagmire' [m o] 2;Latvian:l̨uga `aspic, pulp' [f ā];Other cognates: -
10 mȋgъ
mȋgъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `blink, moment'Page in Trubačev: XIX 30-31Russian:Czech:Slovak:Serbo-Croatian:mȋg `moment, gesture' [m o], mȋga [Gens]Slovene:mȋg `moment, wink' [m o]Bulgarian:mȋg `moment' [m o]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: mig-Lithuanian:miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 4Latvian:mìegs `sleep' [m o]Indo-European reconstruction: h₃meigʰ-IE meaning: flicker, blinkCertainty: +Page in Pokorny: 712Other cognates:Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'\{1\}Notes:\{1\} For a discussion about the relationship between this root and the root of *h₃migʰ-leh₂ see s.v. *mьglà. -
11 nogà
nogà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `foot, leg'Page in Trubačev: XXV 161-164Old Church Slavic:Russian:nogá `foot, leg' [f ā], nógu [Accs]Ukrainian:nohá `foot, leg' [f ā], nóhu [Accs]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:nòga `foot, leg' [f ā], nȍgu [Accs];Čak. nogȁ (Vrgada) `foot, leg' [f ā], nȍgu [Accs];Čak. nogȁ (Orbanići) `foot, leg' [f ā], nȍgo [Accs]Slovene:nóga `foot, leg' [f ā]Bulgarian:nogá `leg' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: nogaʔLithuanian:nagà `hoof' [f ā];nãgas `nail, claw' [m o]Old Prussian:nage `foot'Indo-European reconstruction: h₃nogʷʰ-eh₂Other cognates:Skt. nakhá- `nail, claw' [m/n]; -
12 rȏgъ
rȏgъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `horn'Old Church Slavic:Russian:Belorussian:Ukrainian:Czech:Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:rȏg `horn' [m o], rȍga [Gens];Čak. rȏg (Vrgada) `horn' [m o], rȍga [Gens];Čak. rȏg (Novi) `horn' [m o], rȍga [Gens];Čak. ruȏh (Orbanići) `horn' [m o], rȍga [Gens]Slovene:rọ̑g `horn' [m o], rọ̑ga [Gens], rogȃ [Gens]Bulgarian:Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: rogosLithuanian:rãgas `horn' [m o] 2/4Latvian:Old Prussian:ragis (EV) `horn' -
13 sněgъ
sněgъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b/c Proto-Slavic meaning: `snow'Old Church Slavic:sněgъ `snow' [m o]Russian:Belorussian:Ukrainian:Czech:sníh `snow' [m o], sněhu [Gens]Slovak:Polish:śnieg `snow' [m o]Slovincian:snjė́g `snow' [m o], snjìegu [Gens]Serbo-Croatian:snȉjeg `snow' [m o], snȉjega [Gens];Čak. snȋg (Vrgada) `snow' [m o], snȋga [Gens];Čak. snȋg (Novi) `snow' [m o];Čak. sniȇh (Orbanići) `snow, snowfall' [m o], snȅga [Gens]Slovene:snẹ̑g `snow' [m o], snẹ̑ga [Gens], snẹgȃ [Gens]Bulgarian:Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: snoigosLithuanian:sniẽgas `snow' [m o]Latvian:snìegs `snow' [m o]Old Prussian:snaygis `snow'Indo-European reconstruction: snoigʷʰ-o-Certainty: +Page in Pokorny: 974Other cognates: -
14 vȏrgъ
vȏrgъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `foe'Old Church Slavic:Russian:vórog (folk poet.) `foe, fiend' [m o]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Upper Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:vrȃg `devil' [m o], vrȃga [Gens];Čak. vrȃg (Vrgda) `devil' [m o], vrȃga [Gens];Čak. vrȃh (Orbanići) `devil' [m o], vrȃga [Gens]Slovene:vrȃg `devil' [m o]Bulgarian:Lithuanian:var̃gas `hardship, misery' [m o] 2/4Latvian:vā̀rgs2 (dial.) `misery' [m o];vãrgs `pining, miserable' [adj o]Old Prussian:Comments: The reconstruction of an initial laryngeal hinges on Gk. εἴργω `shut in, shut out' [verb], which may or may not be cognate.Other cognates:
См. также в других словарях:
Gas — (et) … Kölsch Dialekt Lexikon
Gas — [ga:s], das; es, e: 1. a) unsichtbarer Stoff in der Form wie Luft: giftiges, brennbares, explosives Gas; einen Ballon mit Gas füllen; zu Gas werden; in der Flüssigkeit sind mehrere Gase aufgelöst. b) brennbares, zum Kochen und Heizen verwendetes… … Universal-Lexikon
gas — s.m.inv. 1a. FO ogni sostanza che, a temperatura e pressione normale, è allo stato aeriforme, in contrapposizione ai solidi e ai liquidi, e non presenta forma e volume propri 1b. TS fis., chim. sostanza aeriforme che si trova al di sopra della… … Dizionario italiano
Gas — (g[a^]s), n.; pl. {Gases} (g[a^]s [e^]z). [Invented by the chemist Van Helmont of Brussels, who died in 1644.] 1. An a[ e]riform fluid; a term used at first by chemists as synonymous with air, but since restricted to fluids supposed to be… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
gas — (Palabra inventada por el científico flamenco J. B. van Helmont en el siglo XVII, sobre el lat. chaos). 1. m. Fluido que tiende a expandirse indefinidamente y que se caracteriza por su pequeña densidad, como el aire. 2. Cada uno de los gases… … Diccionario de la lengua española
gas — sustantivo masculino 1. (no contable) Área: química Estado de la materia cuyas moléculas están en desorden y pueden separarse indefinidamente por la escasa atracción que existe entre ellas: El agua se convierte en gas al evaporarse. 2. (no… … Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española
gas — [gæs] noun gases PLURALFORM or gasses [countable, uncountable] a substance which is not solid or liquid at normal temperatures, and which usually cannot be seen: • Greenhouse gases are the direct result of pollution … Financial and business terms
gas — [gas] n. pl. gases or gasses [gas′iz] [ModL, altered by Van Helmont (1577 1644), Belgian chemist (with g pronounced, as in Du, as a voiced fricative) < Gr chaos, air (see CHAOS), term used by Paracelsus] 1. the fluid form of a substance in… … English World dictionary
Gas CS — Nombre (IUPAC) sistemático … Wikipedia Español
Gas — Gas. Die Eigenthümlichkeit der Gase, welche elastische Flüssigkeiten, Luftarten sind, besteht in dem Bestreben der kleinsten Theilchen, sich möglichst weit von einander zu entfernen, daher üben sie auf ihre Umgebung einen allseitigen Druck aus u … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Gas — (g[a^]s), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Gassed} (g[a^]st); p. pr. & vb. n. {Gassing}.] 1. (Textiles) To singe, as in a gas flame, so as to remove loose fibers; as, to gas thread. [Webster 1913 Suppl.] 2. To impregnate with gas; as, to gas lime with… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English