finitima

fīnĭtĭmus or fīnĭtŭmus, a, um, adj. [finis; cf. maritimus], bordering upon, adjoining, neighboring (class.; syn.: vicinus, confinis, conterminus, contiguus, continens).

Lit.

Adj.

With dat.:

sumus enim finitimi Atinatibus,

Cic. Planc. 9, 22:

Galli Belgis,

Caes. B. G. 2, 2, 3:

homines bellicosi locis patentibus,

id. ib. 1, 10, 2: regnum Ariobarzanis vestris vectigalibus, Cic. de lmp. Pomp. 2, 5:

aër mari,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 101:

latus Boreae,

i. e. bordering upon the north, northern, Hor. C. 3, 24, 38.—

Absol.:

Romanos ea loca finitimae provinciae adjungere,

Caes. B. G. 3, 2 fin.:

Marsi,

Hor. Epod. 16, 3:

bellum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 38, 1; cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 111:

civitates,

Liv. 1, 32, 2.—

Subst.: fīnĭtĭmi, ōrum, m., neighbors:

bella cum finitimis felicissime multa gessit,

Cic. Rep. 2, 9; cf.:

finitimi ac vicini,

id. Sull. 20, 58; id. de Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 2, 4; 1, 5, 4; 2, 16, 2 et saep. —

Trop., bordering upon, adjoining, nearly related, like.

With dat.:

unicuique virtuti finitimum vitium reperietur, ut audacia, quae fidentiae finitima est,

Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. id. de Or. 2, 44, 185:

metus aegritudini,

id. Tusc. 4, 30, 64:

falsa veris,

closely allied, id. Ac. 2, 21, 68:

deterrimum genus optimo,

id. Rep. 1, 42:

consensus principum administrationi,

id. ib. 1, 28:

poëta oratori,

id. de Or. 1. 16, 70; cf.:

historia huic generi,

id. Or. 20, 66:

Autronii nomen finitimum maxime est hujus periculo et crimini,

is very closely connected with, id. Sull. 25, 71.—

Absol.:

illa, quae propinqua videntur et finitima esse,

Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165:

artium studiorumque quasi finitima vicinitas,

id. Brut. 42, 156:

finitimum malum,

id. Rep. 1, 28.

fīnĭtĭmus or fīnĭtŭmus, a, um, adj. [finis; cf. maritimus], bordering upon, adjoining, neighboring (class.; syn.: vicinus, confinis, conterminus, contiguus, continens).

Lit.

Adj.

With dat.:

sumus enim finitimi Atinatibus,

Cic. Planc. 9, 22:

Galli Belgis,

Caes. B. G. 2, 2, 3:

homines bellicosi locis patentibus,

id. ib. 1, 10, 2: regnum Ariobarzanis vestris vectigalibus, Cic. de lmp. Pomp. 2, 5:

aër mari,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 101:

latus Boreae,

i. e. bordering upon the north, northern, Hor. C. 3, 24, 38.—

Absol.:

Romanos ea loca finitimae provinciae adjungere,

Caes. B. G. 3, 2 fin.:

Marsi,

Hor. Epod. 16, 3:

bellum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 38, 1; cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 111:

civitates,

Liv. 1, 32, 2.—

Subst.: fīnĭtĭmi, ōrum, m., neighbors:

bella cum finitimis felicissime multa gessit,

Cic. Rep. 2, 9; cf.:

finitimi ac vicini,

id. Sull. 20, 58; id. de Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 2, 4; 1, 5, 4; 2, 16, 2 et saep. —

Trop., bordering upon, adjoining, nearly related, like.

With dat.:

unicuique virtuti finitimum vitium reperietur, ut audacia, quae fidentiae finitima est,

Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. id. de Or. 2, 44, 185:

metus aegritudini,

id. Tusc. 4, 30, 64:

falsa veris,

closely allied, id. Ac. 2, 21, 68:

deterrimum genus optimo,

id. Rep. 1, 42:

consensus principum administrationi,

id. ib. 1, 28:

poëta oratori,

id. de Or. 1. 16, 70; cf.:

historia huic generi,

id. Or. 20, 66:

Autronii nomen finitimum maxime est hujus periculo et crimini,

is very closely connected with, id. Sull. 25, 71.—

Absol.:

illa, quae propinqua videntur et finitima esse,

Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165:

artium studiorumque quasi finitima vicinitas,

id. Brut. 42, 156:

finitimum malum,

id. Rep. 1, 28.

fīnĭtĭmus or fīnĭtŭmus, a, um, adj. [finis; cf. maritimus], bordering upon, adjoining, neighboring (class.; syn.: vicinus, confinis, conterminus, contiguus, continens).

Lit.

Adj.

With dat.:

sumus enim finitimi Atinatibus,

Cic. Planc. 9, 22:

Galli Belgis,

Caes. B. G. 2, 2, 3:

homines bellicosi locis patentibus,

id. ib. 1, 10, 2: regnum Ariobarzanis vestris vectigalibus, Cic. de lmp. Pomp. 2, 5:

aër mari,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 101:

latus Boreae,

i. e. bordering upon the north, northern, Hor. C. 3, 24, 38.—

Absol.:

Romanos ea loca finitimae provinciae adjungere,

Caes. B. G. 3, 2 fin.:

Marsi,

Hor. Epod. 16, 3:

bellum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 38, 1; cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 111:

civitates,

Liv. 1, 32, 2.—

Subst.: fīnĭtĭmi, ōrum, m., neighbors:

bella cum finitimis felicissime multa gessit,

Cic. Rep. 2, 9; cf.:

finitimi ac vicini,

id. Sull. 20, 58; id. de Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 2, 4; 1, 5, 4; 2, 16, 2 et saep. —

Trop., bordering upon, adjoining, nearly related, like.

With dat.:

unicuique virtuti finitimum vitium reperietur, ut audacia, quae fidentiae finitima est,

Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. id. de Or. 2, 44, 185:

metus aegritudini,

id. Tusc. 4, 30, 64:

falsa veris,

closely allied, id. Ac. 2, 21, 68:

deterrimum genus optimo,

id. Rep. 1, 42:

consensus principum administrationi,

id. ib. 1, 28:

poëta oratori,

id. de Or. 1. 16, 70; cf.:

historia huic generi,

id. Or. 20, 66:

Autronii nomen finitimum maxime est hujus periculo et crimini,

is very closely connected with, id. Sull. 25, 71.—

Absol.:

illa, quae propinqua videntur et finitima esse,

Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165:

artium studiorumque quasi finitima vicinitas,

id. Brut. 42, 156:

finitimum malum,

id. Rep. 1, 28.

* * *

contentĭo, ōnis, f. [contendo] (acc. to contendo, II.), an eager stretching, a straining, exertion of the powers of body or mind, tension, effort, a vigorous struggling or striving for something, a struggle after (very freq. and in good prose).

In gen.

Prop.:

contentio et summissio vocis,

Cic. Off. 1, 41, 146; id. de Or. 1, 61, 261:

vocis,

id. Tusc. 2, 24, 56:

vocis aut lateris,

Plin. 26, 13, 85, § 137 al.:

gravitatis et ponderum,

of gravitation, Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 116:

animi (opp. relaxatio),

id. de Or. 2, 5, 21; cf. id. Arch. 6, 12 et saep.—With gen. of the object:

disputationis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 230:

honorum (with ambitio),

id. Off. 1, 25, 87; cf.

palmae,

Quint. 1, 2, 24:

dignitatis,

id. 4, 5, 12; cf.:

libertatis dignitatisque,

Liv. 4, 6, 11 al. —

Transf.

Labored, formal speech (opp. talk, conversation): quoniam magna vis orationis est, eaque duplex, altera contentionis, altera sermonis;

contentio disceptationibus tribuatur judiciorum... sermo in circulis, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 37, 132; 2, 14, 48 Heine ad loc.; cf.: sermo est oratio remissa et finitima cottidianae locutioni;

contentio est oratio acris, etc.,

Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23.—

Gregum = admissura, Censor. 5.—

In partic.

(Acc. to contendo, II. B. 2.) A contest, contention, strife (with weapons or words), a fight, dispute, controversy (so most freq.):

contentiones proeliorum,

Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90; cf.:

magna belli,

id. Sest. 27, 58:

contentiones, quae cum inimicissimis fiunt,

id. Off. 1, 38, 137; so with cum, id. Phil. 2, 3, 7; id. Leg. 3, 11, 25 al.:

cum aliquo de aliquā re,

Quint. 4, 2, 132:

de aliquā re,

Cic. Leg. 3, 10, 24; Liv. 4, 6, 4; Quint. 5, 14, 12 al.:

adversus procuratores,

Tac. Agr. 9:

inter aliquos,

Cic. Sest. 21, 47; Quint. 10, 1, 47; Suet. Claud. 15 et saep.; cf.:

inter aliquos de aliquā re,

Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132 et saep.:

contentionis cupidiores quam veritatis,

id. de Or. 1, 11, 47; Curt. 8, 4, 33.—

(Acc. to contendo, II. B. 3.) A comparison, contrast:

si contentio quaedam et comparatio fiat,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57; 1, 43, 152; cf. id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

quaedam hominum ipsorum,

id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Inv. 2, 39, 114:

fortunarum,

id. Pis. 22, 51.—Hence,

T. t.

In rhetoric, a contrasting of one thought with another, antithesis, Auct. Her. 4, 15, 21; Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 203; Quint. 9, 1, 31; 9, 2, 2.—

In gram., comparison, Varr. L. L. 8, § 75 Müll.

histŏrĭa, ae, f., = historia, a narrative of past events, history (syn.: annales, fasti).

Lit.:

historia testis temporum, lux veritatis, vita memoriae, magistra vitae, nuntia vetustatis, qua voce alia nisi oratoris immortalitati commendatur?

Cic. de Or. 2, 9, 36:

erat enim historia (initio) nihil aliud nisi annalium confectio, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 12, 51 sq.; cf. id. Leg. 1, 2, 5 sq.; Gell. 5, 18; Plin. Ep. 5, 8;

v. the art. annalis: videtisne, quantum munds sit oratoris historia?... Nam quis nescit, primam esse historiae legem, ne quid falsi dicere audeat? deinde ne quid veri non audeat? ne qua suspicio gratiae sit in scribendo? ne qua simultatis? etc.,

Cic. de Or. 2, 15, 62 sq.:

huic generi historia finitima est, in qua et narratur ornate et regio saepe aut pugna describitur: interponuntur etiam contiones et hortationes, sed in his tracta quaedam et fluens expetitur, non haec contorta et acris oratio,

id. Or. 20, 66:

nihil est in historia pura et illustri brevitate dulcius,

id. Brut. 75, 262:

Italici belli et civilis historia,

id. Fam. 5, 12, 2; id. Leg. 1, 2, 5:

historia nec institui potest nisi praeparato otio, nec exiguo tempore absolvi,

id. ib. 1, 3, 9:

apud Herodotum, patrem historiae,

id. ib. 1, 1, 5:

hic (Sallustius) historiae major est auctor,

Quint. 2, 5, 19:

obscura est historia Romana,

Cic. Rep. 2, 18; cf.:

cum historiae cuidam tamquam vanae repugnaret,

Quint. 1, 8, 20:

si historiae lectione discipulos instruxerit,

id. 2, 5, 1:

res memoranda novis annalibus atque recenti historia,

Juv. 2, 103:

quidquid Graecia mendax audet in historia,

id. 10, 175:

auctor historiae Graecae gravissimus,

Gell. 1, 11 init.:

Sabinus, secutus quosdam historiae scriptores, dicit, etc.,

id. 7, 7, 8:

certus Romanae Historiae auctor,

Val. Max. 1, 7, 6.— Prov.: historiam scribere, to inform one's self accurately of any thing, to see a thing for one's self:

in scirpo nodum quaeris: quin nos hinc domum Redimus, nisi si historiam scripturi sumus?

Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 23.—In plur.:

simiae improbitatem historiis Graecis mandatam esse demiror,

Cic. Div. 2, 32, 69:

concessum est rhetoribus ementiri in historiis,

id. Brut. 11, 42:

nihil in historiis supra Pontificum annales haberemus,

Quint. 10, 2, 7; 12, 4, 1:

historiarum scriptor,

id. 3, 8, 49; so,

scriptores,

Juv. 7, 98:

non orationes modo, sed etiam historias legere,

Quint. 3, 8, 67; cf. id. 2, 18, 5:

tuque pedestribus Dices historiis proelia Caesaris,

Hor. C. 2, 12, 10.—

Transf., in gen.. a narrative, account, tale, story.

In abstr.:

historiam veterem atque antiquam haec mea senectus sustinet,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 100:

si quid in ea epistula fuit historia dignum, scribe quam primum, ne ignoremus,

Cic. Att. 2, 8, 1:

et quia narrationum tres accepimus species: fabulam... argumentum... historiam, in qua est gestae rei expositio, etc.,

Quint. 2, 4, 2:

maxima de nihilo nascitur historia,

Prop. 2, 1, 16:

hactenus historiae: nunc ad tua devehar astra,

id. 4 (5), 1, 119; cf.:

satis historiarum est,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 50:

amarae,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 89; id. C. 3, 7, 20; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 44.—Hence: Naturalis Historia, the title of the encyclopœdical work of Pliny the Elder. —Historia, a surname of C. Julius Hyginus, Suet. Gramm. 20.—

Concr., a subject of discourse:

tu quoque uti fieres nobilis historia,

Prop. 1, 15, 24.

lābor, lapsus ( inf. parag. labier, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 94; part. labundus, Att. ap. Non. 504, 31; Trag. Fragm. v. 570 Rib.), 3, v. dep. n. [cf. lăbo; Sanscr. lamb- (ramb-), to glide, fall], to move gently along a smooth surface, to fall, slide; to slide, slip, or glide down, to fall down, to sink as the beginning of a fall; constr. absol., or with ad, in, inter, per, sub, super, ab, de, ex, or with abl. alone.

Lit.

In gen.

Of living beings:

non squamoso labuntur ventre cerastae,

Prop. 3 (4), 22, 27:

per sinus crebros et magna volumina labens,

Ov. M. 15, 721:

pigraque labatur circa donaria serpens,

Ov. Am. 2, 13, 13:

ille inter vestes et levia pectora lapsus volvitur,

Verg. A. 7, 349: (angues) in diversum lapsi, Jul. Obseq. 119.—Of floating:

ut rate felice pacata per aequora labar,

Ov. H. 10, 65:

dum Stygio gurgite labor,

id. M. 5, 504:

tua labens navita aqua,

Prop. 2, 26 (3, 21), 8.—Of flying:

tollunt se celeres, liquidumque per aera lapsae,

Verg. A. 6, 202:

vade, age, nate, voca Zephyros et labere pennis,

id. ib. 4, 223:

pennis lapsa per auras,

Ov. M. 8, 51:

labere, nympha, polo,

Verg. A. 11, 588.—Of sinking, slipping down:

labor, io! cara lumina conde manu,

Ov. A. A. 7, 342:

labitur infelix (equus),

Verg. G. 3, 498; cf. Luc. 5, 799:

labitur exsanguis,

Verg. A. 11, 818; 5, 181:

super terram,

Ov. M. 13, 477:

equo,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 15:

temone,

Verg. A. 12, 470 [p. 1024] limite, Luc. 9, 712:

in vulnera,

id. 7, 604:

in colla mariti,

Val. Fl. 2, 425:

alieno vulnere,

Luc. 2, 265:

in rivo,

Cic. Fat. 3, 5:

pondere lapsi pectoris arma sonant,

Luc. 7, 572.—

Of gliding upwards: celeri fuga sub sidera,

Verg. A. 3, 243.—

Of things:

splendida signa videntur labier,

Lucr. 4, 445; Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 42:

umor in genas Furtim labitur,

Hor. C. 1, 13, 7:

stellas Praecipites caelo labi,

Verg. G. 1, 366:

perque genas lacrimae labuntur,

Ov. H. 7, 185; id. M. 2, 656:

lapsi de fontibus amnes,

id. ib. 13, 954; cf.:

catenae lapsae lacertis sponte sua,

id. ib. 3, 699:

lapsuram domum subire,

about to tumble down, id. Ib. 511; Luc. 1, 25; cf.

with cado: multa in silvis Lapsa cadunt folia,

Verg. A. 6, 310:

ipsaque in Oceanum sidera lapsa cadunt,

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 64:

lapsis repente saxis,

Tac. A. 4, 59:

ab arbore ramus,

Ov. M. 3, 410.—Of the eyes, to fall, close:

labentes, oculos condere,

Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 44:

lumina,

Verg. A. 11, 818; Prop. 1, 10, 7; 2, 5, 17.—

Transf.

To glide away, glide along, slip or haste away: labitur uncta carina: volat super impetus undas, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 379 Vahl.); so id. ap. Isid. Orig. 19, 1 (Ann. v. 476 Vahl.); cf.:

labitur uncta vadis abies,

Verg. A. 8, 91; Cic. Ac. 1, 8, 31:

sidera, quae vaga et mutabili ratione labuntur,

id. Univ. 10.—Esp., of a transition in discourse, to pass:

a dispositione ad elocutionis praecepta labor,

Quint. 7, 10, 17.—

To slip away, escape:

lapsus custodiā,

Tac. A. 5, 10; 11, 31:

e manibus custodientium lapsus,

Curt. 3, 13, 3; Prop. 1, 11, 5; Amm. 26, 3, 3.—

Trop.

In gen., to come or go gently or insensibly, to glide, glide or pass away:

ilico res foras labitur,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 21:

brevitate et celeritate syllabarum labi putat verba proclivius,

Cic. Or. 57; 56:

sed labor longius, ad propositum revertor,

id. Div. 2, 37, 79; id. Leg. 1, 19, 52:

labitur occulte fallitque volubilis aetas,

Ov. Am. 1, 8, 49:

labi somnum sensit in artus,

id. M. 11, 631:

nostro illius labatur pectore vultus,

Verg. E. 1, 64.—

In partic.

Of speech, to die away, be lost, not be heard (very rare):

ne adjectae voces laberentur atque errarent,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 114; cf. Sil. 7, 745.—

Of time, to glide, pass away, elapse:

eheu fugaces labuntur anni,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 2:

anni tacite labentis origo,

Ov. F. 1, 65:

labentia tempora,

id. Tr. 3, 11; id. F. 6, 771; id. Tr. 4, 10, 27:

aetas labitur,

Tib. 1, 8, 48; cf.: labente officio, when the attendance or service is ended, Juv. 6, 203.—

Pregn., to sink, incline, begin to fall, go to ruin, perish: quantis opibus, quibus de rebus lapsa fortuna accidat, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 396 Vahl.); cf.:

cetera nasci, occidere, fluere, labi,

Cic. Or. 3, 10:

labentem et prope cadentem rem publicam fulcire,

id. Phil. 2, 21, 51:

equitem Romanum labentem excepit, fulsit, sustinuit,

id. Rab. Post. 16, 43; id. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 18, 2:

sustinuit labentem aciem Antonius,

Tac. H. 3, 23:

vidi labentes acies,

Prop. 4 (5), 2, 53:

eo citius lapsa res est,

Liv. 3, 33: mores lapsi sunt, id. praef.; Tac. A. 6, 50:

fides lapsa,

Ov. H. 2, 102:

labentur opes,

will be lost, Tib. 1, 6, 53:

res,

Lucr. 4, 1117:

hereditas lapsa est,

Dig. 4, 4, 11, § 5.—

To slip or fall away from a thing, to lose it: hac spe lapsus, deceived or disappointed in this hope, Caes. B. G. 5, 55, 3:

hoc munere,

Sil. 7, 740:

facultatibus,

to lose one's property, become poor, Dig. 27, 8, 2, § 11; 26, 7, 9, § 1:

mente,

to lose one's senses, go mad, Cels. 5, 26, 13; Suet. Aug. 48; cf.:

lapsae mentis error,

Val. Max. 5, 3, 2.—Hence, lapsus, a, um, ruined, unfortunate, Prop. 1, 1, 25. —

To fall into or upon, to come or turn to:

labor eo, ut assentiar Epicuro,

Cic. Ac. 2, 45, 139; id. Att. 4, 5, 2:

ad opinionem,

id. Ac. 2, 45, 138:

in adulationem,

Tac. A. 4, 6:

in gaudia,

Val. Fl. 6, 662:

in vitium,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 94.—

To fall into error, to be mistaken, to err, mistake, commit a fault:

labi, errare, nescire, decipi et malum et turpe ducimus,

Cic. Off. 1, 6, 18:

in aliqua re labi et cadere,

id. Brut. 49, 185:

in minimis tenuissimisque rebus,

id. de Or. 1, 37, 169; id. Fam. 2, 7, 1:

lapsus est per errorem suum,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 8:

consilio,... casu,

id. Agr. 2, 3, 6:

propter inprudentiam,

Caes. B. G. 5, 3:

in officio,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12:

in verbo,

Ov. Am. 2, 8, 7:

ne verbo quidem labi,

Plin. Ep. 2, 3:

it vera ratione,

Lucr. 2, 176.—

Esp., to fall away from the true faith, to become apostate (eccl. Lat.):

lapsorum fratrum petulantia,

Cypr. Ep. 30, 1 al.

lăbor (old form lăbos, like arbos, honos, etc., Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 35; id. Truc. 2, 6, 40; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 6; Varr. ap. Non. 487, 13; Cat. 55, 13; Sall. C. 7, 5; id. J. 100, 4; cf. Quint. 1, 4, 13), ōris, m. [Sanscr. root rabh, to grasp, ā-rabh, to undertake; Gr. alph- in êlphon, earned, alphêma, wages; Germ. Arbeit], labor, toil, exertion (cf.: contentio, opera).

Lit.:

ut ingenium est omnium Hominum a labore proclive ad libidinem,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 51:

haud existimans quanto labore partum,

id. Phorm. 1, 1, 12:

interest aliquid inter laborem et dolorem: sunt finitima omnino, sed tamen differt aliquid. Labor est functio quaedam vel animi vel corporis, gravioris operis et muneris: dolor autem motus asper in corpore alienus a sensibus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35:

corporis,

id. Cael. 17, 39:

res est magni laboris,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

laborem sibi sumere et alteri imponere,

id. Mur. 18, 38:

sumptum et laborem insumere in rem aliquam,

id. Inv. 2, 38, 113; cf. id. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227:

multum operae laborisque consumere,

id. de Or. 1, 55, 234:

laborem sustinere,

id. Att. 1, 17, 6:

exantlare,

id. Ac. 2, 34, 108:

suscipere,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 5, 13:

subire,

id. Att. 3, 15, 7:

capere,

id. Rosc. Com. 16, 49:

labores magnos excipere,

id. Brut. 69, 243:

se in magnis laboribus exercere,

id. Arch. 11, 28:

summi laboris esse,

capable of great exertion, Caes. B. G. 4, 2, 2:

laborem levare alicui,

Cic. Or. 34, 120:

detrahere,

id. Fam. 3, 6, 5:

ex labore se reficere,

Caes. B. G. 3, 5; 5, 11:

victus suppeditabatur sine labore,

Cic. Sest. 48, 103:

non est quod existumes, ullam esse sine labore virtutem,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 25, 5; Suet. Ner. 52; Quint. 2, 12, 12; cf.:

nullo labore,

Cic. Dom. 34, 91; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Tusc. 2, 22, 51:

quantum meruit labor,

Juv. 7, 216:

reddere sua dona labori,

id. 16, 57:

numerenter labores,

be valued, id. 9, 42.—

In partic.

Pregn., drudgery, hardship, fatigue, distress, trouble, pain, suffering (mostly poet. and late Lat.; syn. aerumna): decet id pati animo aequo;

si id facietis, levior labos erit,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 2:

propter meum caput labores homini evenisse optumo,

id. ib. 5, 1, 25:

cum labore magno et misere vivere,

id. Aul. prol. 14; id. Ps. 2, 4, 2:

hoc evenit in labore atque in dolore,

id. ib. 2, 3, 20:

vel in labore meo vel in honore,

Cic. Fam. 15, 18:

Iliacos audire labores,

Verg. A. 4, 78:

mox et frumentis labor additus, ut mala culmos Esset rubigo,

id. G. 1, 150:

belli labores,

id. A. 11, 126; cf. id. ib. 2, 619;

12, 727: labor militiae,

Juv. 16, 52:

castrorum labores,

id. 14, 198:

Lucinae labores,

Verg. G. 4, 340:

cor de labore pectus tundit,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 63:

hoc medicamentum sine magno labore cadere cogit haemorrhoidas,

Scrib. 227:

litterarius, = opus,

Aug. Conf. 9, 2;

id. cont. Jul. 6, 21: meos labores legere,

id. de Don. Pers. 68.—Of sickness: valetudo crescit, accrescit labor. Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 4:

sulphurosi fontes labores nervorum reficiunt,

Vitr. 8, 3, 4.—Of danger:

maximus autem earum (apium) labor est initio veris,

Col. 9, 13, 2.—Prov.:

jucundi acti labores,

Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105:

suavis laborum est praeteritorum memoria,

id. ib. —

Poet.

Labores solis, eclipses of the sun, Verg. A. 1, 742 Forbig. ad loc.; so,

defectus solis varios lunaeque labores,

id. G. 1, 478; Sil. 14, 378. —

Of plants:

hunc laborem perferre,

i. e. growth, Verg. G. 2, 343.—

Personified: Lăbos, toil, in the lower world, Verg. A. 6, 277.—

Meton., of the products of labor.

Work, workmanship of an artist ( poet.):

operum,

Verg. A. 1, 455:

hic labor ille domūs,

id. ib. 6, 27:

nec non Polycleti multus ubique labor,

Juv. 8, 104. —

Of cultivated plants, crops, etc.:

ruit arduus aether et pluvia ingenti sata laeta boumque labores Diluit,

Verg. G. 1, 325; cf.:

haec cum sint hominumque boumque labores,

id. ib. 1, 118: Juppiter Grandine dilapidans hominumque boumque labores, Col. poët. 10, 330; Verg. A. 2, 284; 306.—

Labores uteri, i. e. children, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 193.

lābor, lapsus ( inf. parag. labier, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 94; part. labundus, Att. ap. Non. 504, 31; Trag. Fragm. v. 570 Rib.), 3, v. dep. n. [cf. lăbo; Sanscr. lamb- (ramb-), to glide, fall], to move gently along a smooth surface, to fall, slide; to slide, slip, or glide down, to fall down, to sink as the beginning of a fall; constr. absol., or with ad, in, inter, per, sub, super, ab, de, ex, or with abl. alone.

Lit.

In gen.

Of living beings:

non squamoso labuntur ventre cerastae,

Prop. 3 (4), 22, 27:

per sinus crebros et magna volumina labens,

Ov. M. 15, 721:

pigraque labatur circa donaria serpens,

Ov. Am. 2, 13, 13:

ille inter vestes et levia pectora lapsus volvitur,

Verg. A. 7, 349: (angues) in diversum lapsi, Jul. Obseq. 119.—Of floating:

ut rate felice pacata per aequora labar,

Ov. H. 10, 65:

dum Stygio gurgite labor,

id. M. 5, 504:

tua labens navita aqua,

Prop. 2, 26 (3, 21), 8.—Of flying:

tollunt se celeres, liquidumque per aera lapsae,

Verg. A. 6, 202:

vade, age, nate, voca Zephyros et labere pennis,

id. ib. 4, 223:

pennis lapsa per auras,

Ov. M. 8, 51:

labere, nympha, polo,

Verg. A. 11, 588.—Of sinking, slipping down:

labor, io! cara lumina conde manu,

Ov. A. A. 7, 342:

labitur infelix (equus),

Verg. G. 3, 498; cf. Luc. 5, 799:

labitur exsanguis,

Verg. A. 11, 818; 5, 181:

super terram,

Ov. M. 13, 477:

equo,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 15:

temone,

Verg. A. 12, 470 [p. 1024] limite, Luc. 9, 712:

in vulnera,

id. 7, 604:

in colla mariti,

Val. Fl. 2, 425:

alieno vulnere,

Luc. 2, 265:

in rivo,

Cic. Fat. 3, 5:

pondere lapsi pectoris arma sonant,

Luc. 7, 572.—

Of gliding upwards: celeri fuga sub sidera,

Verg. A. 3, 243.—

Of things:

splendida signa videntur labier,

Lucr. 4, 445; Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 42:

umor in genas Furtim labitur,

Hor. C. 1, 13, 7:

stellas Praecipites caelo labi,

Verg. G. 1, 366:

perque genas lacrimae labuntur,

Ov. H. 7, 185; id. M. 2, 656:

lapsi de fontibus amnes,

id. ib. 13, 954; cf.:

catenae lapsae lacertis sponte sua,

id. ib. 3, 699:

lapsuram domum subire,

about to tumble down, id. Ib. 511; Luc. 1, 25; cf.

with cado: multa in silvis Lapsa cadunt folia,

Verg. A. 6, 310:

ipsaque in Oceanum sidera lapsa cadunt,

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 64:

lapsis repente saxis,

Tac. A. 4, 59:

ab arbore ramus,

Ov. M. 3, 410.—Of the eyes, to fall, close:

labentes, oculos condere,

Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 44:

lumina,

Verg. A. 11, 818; Prop. 1, 10, 7; 2, 5, 17.—

Transf.

To glide away, glide along, slip or haste away: labitur uncta carina: volat super impetus undas, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 379 Vahl.); so id. ap. Isid. Orig. 19, 1 (Ann. v. 476 Vahl.); cf.:

labitur uncta vadis abies,

Verg. A. 8, 91; Cic. Ac. 1, 8, 31:

sidera, quae vaga et mutabili ratione labuntur,

id. Univ. 10.—Esp., of a transition in discourse, to pass:

a dispositione ad elocutionis praecepta labor,

Quint. 7, 10, 17.—

To slip away, escape:

lapsus custodiā,

Tac. A. 5, 10; 11, 31:

e manibus custodientium lapsus,

Curt. 3, 13, 3; Prop. 1, 11, 5; Amm. 26, 3, 3.—

Trop.

In gen., to come or go gently or insensibly, to glide, glide or pass away:

ilico res foras labitur,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 21:

brevitate et celeritate syllabarum labi putat verba proclivius,

Cic. Or. 57; 56:

sed labor longius, ad propositum revertor,

id. Div. 2, 37, 79; id. Leg. 1, 19, 52:

labitur occulte fallitque volubilis aetas,

Ov. Am. 1, 8, 49:

labi somnum sensit in artus,

id. M. 11, 631:

nostro illius labatur pectore vultus,

Verg. E. 1, 64.—

In partic.

Of speech, to die away, be lost, not be heard (very rare):

ne adjectae voces laberentur atque errarent,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 114; cf. Sil. 7, 745.—

Of time, to glide, pass away, elapse:

eheu fugaces labuntur anni,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 2:

anni tacite labentis origo,

Ov. F. 1, 65:

labentia tempora,

id. Tr. 3, 11; id. F. 6, 771; id. Tr. 4, 10, 27:

aetas labitur,

Tib. 1, 8, 48; cf.: labente officio, when the attendance or service is ended, Juv. 6, 203.—

Pregn., to sink, incline, begin to fall, go to ruin, perish: quantis opibus, quibus de rebus lapsa fortuna accidat, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 396 Vahl.); cf.:

cetera nasci, occidere, fluere, labi,

Cic. Or. 3, 10:

labentem et prope cadentem rem publicam fulcire,

id. Phil. 2, 21, 51:

equitem Romanum labentem excepit, fulsit, sustinuit,

id. Rab. Post. 16, 43; id. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 18, 2:

sustinuit labentem aciem Antonius,

Tac. H. 3, 23:

vidi labentes acies,

Prop. 4 (5), 2, 53:

eo citius lapsa res est,

Liv. 3, 33: mores lapsi sunt, id. praef.; Tac. A. 6, 50:

fides lapsa,

Ov. H. 2, 102:

labentur opes,

will be lost, Tib. 1, 6, 53:

res,

Lucr. 4, 1117:

hereditas lapsa est,

Dig. 4, 4, 11, § 5.—

To slip or fall away from a thing, to lose it: hac spe lapsus, deceived or disappointed in this hope, Caes. B. G. 5, 55, 3:

hoc munere,

Sil. 7, 740:

facultatibus,

to lose one's property, become poor, Dig. 27, 8, 2, § 11; 26, 7, 9, § 1:

mente,

to lose one's senses, go mad, Cels. 5, 26, 13; Suet. Aug. 48; cf.:

lapsae mentis error,

Val. Max. 5, 3, 2.—Hence, lapsus, a, um, ruined, unfortunate, Prop. 1, 1, 25. —

To fall into or upon, to come or turn to:

labor eo, ut assentiar Epicuro,

Cic. Ac. 2, 45, 139; id. Att. 4, 5, 2:

ad opinionem,

id. Ac. 2, 45, 138:

in adulationem,

Tac. A. 4, 6:

in gaudia,

Val. Fl. 6, 662:

in vitium,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 94.—

To fall into error, to be mistaken, to err, mistake, commit a fault:

labi, errare, nescire, decipi et malum et turpe ducimus,

Cic. Off. 1, 6, 18:

in aliqua re labi et cadere,

id. Brut. 49, 185:

in minimis tenuissimisque rebus,

id. de Or. 1, 37, 169; id. Fam. 2, 7, 1:

lapsus est per errorem suum,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 8:

consilio,... casu,

id. Agr. 2, 3, 6:

propter inprudentiam,

Caes. B. G. 5, 3:

in officio,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12:

in verbo,

Ov. Am. 2, 8, 7:

ne verbo quidem labi,

Plin. Ep. 2, 3:

it vera ratione,

Lucr. 2, 176.—

Esp., to fall away from the true faith, to become apostate (eccl. Lat.):

lapsorum fratrum petulantia,

Cypr. Ep. 30, 1 al.

lăbor (old form lăbos, like arbos, honos, etc., Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 35; id. Truc. 2, 6, 40; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 6; Varr. ap. Non. 487, 13; Cat. 55, 13; Sall. C. 7, 5; id. J. 100, 4; cf. Quint. 1, 4, 13), ōris, m. [Sanscr. root rabh, to grasp, ā-rabh, to undertake; Gr. alph- in êlphon, earned, alphêma, wages; Germ. Arbeit], labor, toil, exertion (cf.: contentio, opera).

Lit.:

ut ingenium est omnium Hominum a labore proclive ad libidinem,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 51:

haud existimans quanto labore partum,

id. Phorm. 1, 1, 12:

interest aliquid inter laborem et dolorem: sunt finitima omnino, sed tamen differt aliquid. Labor est functio quaedam vel animi vel corporis, gravioris operis et muneris: dolor autem motus asper in corpore alienus a sensibus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35:

corporis,

id. Cael. 17, 39:

res est magni laboris,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

laborem sibi sumere et alteri imponere,

id. Mur. 18, 38:

sumptum et laborem insumere in rem aliquam,

id. Inv. 2, 38, 113; cf. id. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227:

multum operae laborisque consumere,

id. de Or. 1, 55, 234:

laborem sustinere,

id. Att. 1, 17, 6:

exantlare,

id. Ac. 2, 34, 108:

suscipere,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 5, 13:

subire,

id. Att. 3, 15, 7:

capere,

id. Rosc. Com. 16, 49:

labores magnos excipere,

id. Brut. 69, 243:

se in magnis laboribus exercere,

id. Arch. 11, 28:

summi laboris esse,

capable of great exertion, Caes. B. G. 4, 2, 2:

laborem levare alicui,

Cic. Or. 34, 120:

detrahere,

id. Fam. 3, 6, 5:

ex labore se reficere,

Caes. B. G. 3, 5; 5, 11:

victus suppeditabatur sine labore,

Cic. Sest. 48, 103:

non est quod existumes, ullam esse sine labore virtutem,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 25, 5; Suet. Ner. 52; Quint. 2, 12, 12; cf.:

nullo labore,

Cic. Dom. 34, 91; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Tusc. 2, 22, 51:

quantum meruit labor,

Juv. 7, 216:

reddere sua dona labori,

id. 16, 57:

numerenter labores,

be valued, id. 9, 42.—

In partic.

Pregn., drudgery, hardship, fatigue, distress, trouble, pain, suffering (mostly poet. and late Lat.; syn. aerumna): decet id pati animo aequo;

si id facietis, levior labos erit,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 2:

propter meum caput labores homini evenisse optumo,

id. ib. 5, 1, 25:

cum labore magno et misere vivere,

id. Aul. prol. 14; id. Ps. 2, 4, 2:

hoc evenit in labore atque in dolore,

id. ib. 2, 3, 20:

vel in labore meo vel in honore,

Cic. Fam. 15, 18:

Iliacos audire labores,

Verg. A. 4, 78:

mox et frumentis labor additus, ut mala culmos Esset rubigo,

id. G. 1, 150:

belli labores,

id. A. 11, 126; cf. id. ib. 2, 619;

12, 727: labor militiae,

Juv. 16, 52:

castrorum labores,

id. 14, 198:

Lucinae labores,

Verg. G. 4, 340:

cor de labore pectus tundit,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 63:

hoc medicamentum sine magno labore cadere cogit haemorrhoidas,

Scrib. 227:

litterarius, = opus,

Aug. Conf. 9, 2;

id. cont. Jul. 6, 21: meos labores legere,

id. de Don. Pers. 68.—Of sickness: valetudo crescit, accrescit labor. Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 4:

sulphurosi fontes labores nervorum reficiunt,

Vitr. 8, 3, 4.—Of danger:

maximus autem earum (apium) labor est initio veris,

Col. 9, 13, 2.—Prov.:

jucundi acti labores,

Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 105:

suavis laborum est praeteritorum memoria,

id. ib. —

Poet.

Labores solis, eclipses of the sun, Verg. A. 1, 742 Forbig. ad loc.; so,

defectus solis varios lunaeque labores,

id. G. 1, 478; Sil. 14, 378. —

Of plants:

hunc laborem perferre,

i. e. growth, Verg. G. 2, 343.—

Personified: Lăbos, toil, in the lower world, Verg. A. 6, 277.—

Meton., of the products of labor.

Work, workmanship of an artist ( poet.):

operum,

Verg. A. 1, 455:

hic labor ille domūs,

id. ib. 6, 27:

nec non Polycleti multus ubique labor,

Juv. 8, 104. —

Of cultivated plants, crops, etc.:

ruit arduus aether et pluvia ingenti sata laeta boumque labores Diluit,

Verg. G. 1, 325; cf.:

haec cum sint hominumque boumque labores,

id. ib. 1, 118: Juppiter Grandine dilapidans hominumque boumque labores, Col. poët. 10, 330; Verg. A. 2, 284; 306.—

Labores uteri, i. e. children, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 193.

lictor (pronounced līctor, Gell. 12, 3, 4), ōris, m. [1. ligo; cf. Gell. 12, 3, 1 sqq.], a lictor, i. e. an attendant granted to a magistrate, as a sign of official dignity. The Romans adopted this custom from the Etrurians:

Romulus cum cetero habitu se augustiorem tum maxime lictoribus duodecim sumptis (a finitima Etruria) fecit,

Liv. 1, 8. The lictors bore a bundle of rods, from which an axe projected. Their duty was to walk before the magistrate in a line, one after the other; to call out to the people to make way (submovere turbam);

and to remind them of paying their respects to him (animadvertere, v. h. v.). The foremost one was called primus lictor: apud quem primus quievit lictor,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7, § 21;

the last and nearest to the consul, proximus lictor,

Liv. 24, 44 fin. The lictors had also to execute sentences of judgment, to bind criminals to a stake, to scourge them, and to behead them, Liv. 1, 26; 8, 7; 38;

26, 16.—It was necessary that lictors should be freeborn: not till the time of Tacitus were freedmen also appointed to the office. They were united into a company, and formed the decuriae apparitorum (public servants). In Rome they wore the toga, in the field the sagum, in triumphal processions a purple mantle and fasces wreathed with laurel: togulae lictoribus ad portam praesto fuerunt, quibus illi acceptis, sagula rejecerunt et catervam imperatori suo novam praebuerunt,

Cic. Pis. 23, 55. Only those magistrates who had potestatem cum imperio had lictors. In the earliest times the king had twelve; immediately after the expulsion of the kings, each of the two consuls had twelve;

but it was soon decreed that the consuls should be preceded for a month alternately by twelve lictors,

Liv. 2, 1;

a regulation which appears to have been afterwards, although not always, observed,

Liv. 22, 41;

Cæsar was the first who restored the old custom,

Suet. Caes. 20.—The decemvirs had, in their first year of office, twelve lictors each one day alternately, Liv. 3, 33;

in their second year each had twelve lictors to himself,

id. 3, 36.—

The military tribunes with consular power had also twelve lictors,

Liv. 4, 7;

and likewise the interrex,

id. 1, 17.—The dictator had twenty-four, Dio, 54, 1; Polyb. 3, 87; Plut. Fab. 4;

the magister equitum only six, Dio, 42, 27. The praetor urbanus had, in the earlier times, two lictors,

Censor. de Die Natal. 24: at enim unum a praetura tua, Epidice, abest. Ep. Quidnam? Th. Scies. Lictores duo, duo viminei fasces virgarum, Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 26; in the provinces he had six;

but in the later times the praetor had in the city, as well as in the province, six lictors, Polyb. 3, 40: cum praetor lictorem impellat et ire praecipitem jubeat,

Juv. 3, 128. The quaestor had lictors only in the province, when he, in consequence of the praetor's absence or death, performed the functions of propraetor, Sall. C. 19; Cic. Planc. 41, 98. Moreover, the flamen dialis, the vestals, and the magistri vicorum had lictors;

these, however, appear to have had no fasces, which was also the case with the thirty lictores curiati (who summoned the curiae to vote),

Cic. Agr. 2, 12, 81; Gell. 15, 27, 2; Inscr. Grut. 33, 4; 630, 9.—

Transf.:

lictorem feminae in publico unionem esse,

a lady's mark of distinction, Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 114.

lŏcūtĭo ( lŏquūtio), ōnis, f. [loquor], a speaking.

Lit.

In gen., a speaking, speech, discourse:

sermo est oratio remissa et finitima quotidianae locutioni,

Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23:

ex locutione, ex reticentia,

Cic. Off. 1, 41, 146:

quamquam omnis locutio oratio est, tamen unius oratoris locutio hoc proprio signata nomine est,

id. Or. 19, 64.—

In partic., way of speaking, pronunciation:

emendata et Latina,

Cic. Brut. 74, 258:

recta,

Quint. 1, 6, 20.—

Transf., an utterance, word, mode of expression, phrase (post-Aug.):

quidam dicere maluerunt locutiones (quam verba),

Quint. 1, 5, 2:

copia locutionum talium,

Gell. 1, 7 fin.

lŏcūtĭo ( lŏquūtio), ōnis, f. [loquor], a speaking.

Lit.

In gen., a speaking, speech, discourse:

sermo est oratio remissa et finitima quotidianae locutioni,

Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23:

ex locutione, ex reticentia,

Cic. Off. 1, 41, 146:

quamquam omnis locutio oratio est, tamen unius oratoris locutio hoc proprio signata nomine est,

id. Or. 19, 64.—

In partic., way of speaking, pronunciation:

emendata et Latina,

Cic. Brut. 74, 258:

recta,

Quint. 1, 6, 20.—

Transf., an utterance, word, mode of expression, phrase (post-Aug.):

quidam dicere maluerunt locutiones (quam verba),

Quint. 1, 5, 2:

copia locutionum talium,

Gell. 1, 7 fin.

rŏgātĭo, ōnis, f. [id.].

Publicists' t. t., an inquiry of the people as to whether they will decree this or that, a proposal to the people for passing a law or decree, a proposed law or decree, a bill:

quae (rogatio) de Pompeio a Gellio et a Lentulo consulibus lata est,

was proposed, presented, introduced, Cic. Balb. 14, 33:

quibus lege aut rogatione civitas aut libertas erepta sit,

id. Caecin. 84, 100 Halm ad loc.:

rogationem ferre de aliquo,

id. Sull. 23, 65:

in aliquem,

id. Brut. 23, 89:

ad populum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 1:

ad plebem,

Liv. 33, 25:

in dissuasione rogationis ejus, quae contra coloniam Narbonensem ferebatur,

Cic. Clu. 51, 140:

Piso lator rogationis idem erat dissuasor,

id. Att. 1, 14, 5:

rogationem promulgare,

Sall. J. 40, 1; cf.:

promulgantur uno eodemque tempore rogationes ab eodem tribuno de meā pernicie et de provinciis consulum,

Cic. Sest. 10 fin.; Liv. 41, 6:

suasit rogationem,

recommended, spoke in favor of it, Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28; id. Off. 3, 30, 109:

intercedere rogationi,

to oppose it, id. de Or. 2, 47, 197:

rogationem accipere,

to accept it, id. Att. 1, 14, 5;

for which: rogationes jubere (opp. antiquare),

Liv. 6, 39:

per vim rogationem perferre,

to carry through, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 3:

cum provocatione rogationem pertulit,

Liv. 3, 54, 15:

recitare rogationis carmen,

id. 3, 64, 10. — The formula made use of in such a rogation runs thus, in Gell. 5, 19, 9: velitis jubeatis uti, etc. (here follows the proposed law; at the close): haec ita uti dixi ita vos Quirites rogo.—

Transf., in gen.,

A question, interrogation, only as a figure of speech:

rogatio atque huic finitima quasi percontatio,

Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 203; Quint. 9, 1, 29. —

An asking, demanding; a prayer, entreaty, request (very rare):

ego Curtium non modo rogatione sed etiam testimonio tuo diligo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 10; id. Planc. 10, 25:

injusta amici,

Val. Max. 6, 4, 4; Vulg. Ecclus. 4, 4.

sermo, ōnis, m. [2. sero, qs. serta, conserta oratio], a speaking or talking with any one; talk, conversation, discourse:

sermo est a serie: sermo enim non potest in uno homine esse solo, sed ubi oratio cum altero conjuncta,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 64 Müll. (very freq. in prose and poetry).

Lit.

In gen. (syn. colloquium): quoniam magna vis orationis est eaque duplex, altera contentionis, altera sermonis: contentio disceptationibus tribuatur judiciorum, contionum, senatus: sermo in circulis, disputationibus, congressionibus familiarium versetur;

sequatur etiam convivia, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 37, 132:

quod mihi servus sermonem serat,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 37:

sermones serere,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 106:

multa inter sese vario sermone serebant,

Verg. A. 6, 160:

sermonem nobiscum ibi copulat,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 42:

dum sermones fabulandi conferant,

id. ib. prol. 34:

caput et pes sermonis,

id. As. 3, 3, 139:

cum ea tu sermonem nec joco nec serio Tibi habeas,

id. Am. 3, 2, 25; Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 1:

ibi illa cum sermonem occipit,

id. Eun. 4, 1, 8:

dum sermones caedimus,

id. Heaut. 2, 3, 1:

sermonem cum aliquo conferre,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 136; id. Inv. 2, 4, 14:

in nostris sermonibus collocutionibusque,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 4:

mature veniunt, discumbitur: fit sermo inter eos,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66:

dum longior consulto ab Ambiorige instituitur sermo,

Caes. B. G. 5, 37:

sermonis aditum cum aliquo habere,

id. ib. 5, 41:

nullum tibi omnino cum Albinovano sermonem ullā de re fuisse,

Cic. Vatin. 1, 3; id. de Or. 2, 73, 296:

erat in ore, in sermone omnium,

id. Phil. 10, 7, 14; cf.: memini in eum sermonem illum incidere, qui tum fere multis erat in ore, id. Lael. 1, 2:

aestivam sermone benigno tendere noctem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 11:

referre sermones deorum,

id. C. 3, 3, 71 (cf.:

consiliantibus divis,

id. ib. 3, 3, 18):

et euntem multa loquendo Detinuit sermone diem,

Ov. M. 1, 683:

nunc inter eos tu sermo es,

you are the talk, Prop. 2, 21 (3, 14), 7:

jucundus est mihi sermo litterarum tuarum,

the conversing with you by letter, Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 3; cf.:

littera sermonis fida ministra mei,

Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 2.—

In partic.

Literary conversation, discourse, disputation, discussion (cf. oratio): tum Furius: Quid vos agitis? num sermonem vestrum aliquem diremit noster interventus? Minime vero, Africanus;

soles enim tu haec studiose investigare, quae sunt in hoc genere, de quo instituerat paulo ante Tubero quaerere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17; cf. id. ib. 1, 13, 19:

in sermonem ingredi (just before: in disputationem ingredi),

id. ib. 1, 24, 38:

(Scaevola) exposuit nobis sermonem Laelii de amicitiā habitum ab illo secum... Ejus disputationis sententias memoriae mandavi, etc.... ut tamquam a praesentibus haberi sermo videretur,

id. Lael. 1, 3:

rebus his, de quibus hic sermo est,

id. Fin. 3, 12, 40:

feci sermonem inter nos habitum in Cumano. Tibi dedi partes Antiochinas, etc.,

id. Fam. 9, 8, 1:

in quo (circulo) de philosophiā sermo haberetur,

Nep. Epam. 3, 3:

Socratici sermones,

Hor. C. 3, 21, 9; cf. Quint. 6, 3, 44; 2, 15, 26:

in longum sermonem me vocas, Attice,

Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 13:

nunc enim sermo de naturā est,

our subject, Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 67; 3, 1, pr. § 2; 16, 32, 58, § 134; Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 17, 15; Capitol. Gord. 3, 3 init. —

Concr., a talk, speech, discourse (more informal and unpretending than oratio):

meos multos et illustres et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 2; Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 2; Quint. 11, 2, 24.—

Ordinary speech, speaking, talking, the language of conversation (opp. contentio):

sermo est oratio remissa et finitima cottidianae locutioni,

Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 37, 132:

mollis est oratio philosophorum et umbratilis, etc.... Itaque sermo potius quam oratio dicitur,

id. Or. 19, 64: in argumentis Caecilius poscit palmam, in sermonibus Plautus, i. e. in dialogue, Varr. ap. Non. 374, 9:

soluta oratio, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

Quint. 9, 4, 19:

C. Piso, statarius et sermonis plenus orator,

Cic. Brut. 68, 239:

si quis scribat, uti nos, Sermoni propiora,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 42:

vocem sermoni proximam,

Quint. 11, 3, 162:

ut litigantes quoque a sermone incipiant, ad vociferationem transeant,

Sen. Ep. 15, 6.—Of prose as opposed to poetry:

comoedia... nisi quod pede certo Differt sermoni sermo merus,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 48:

et tragicus plerumque dolet sermone pedestri Telephus et Peleus, etc.,

id. A. P. 95.—

Concr., of verses in a conversational style, a satire:

ille (delectatur) Bioneis sermonibus et sale nigro,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 60:

Albi, nostrorum sermonum candide judex,

id. ib. 1, 4, 1:

nec sermones ego mallem Repentes per humum quam res componere gestas,

id. ib. 2, 1, 250.—

With reference to some particular object, common talk respecting any thing, report, rumor (syn.:

fama, rumor): vulgi sermo,

Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 1:

nunc per urbem solus sermo est omnibus, Eum, etc.,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 4:

sermo est totā Asiā dissipatus, Cn. Pompeium, etc.,

Cic. Fl. 6, 14:

mihi venit in mentem multum fore sermonem, me, etc.,

id. Att. 7, 23, 2:

si istiusmodi sermones ad te delati de me sunt, non debuisti credere,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 5 sq.:

in sermonem hominum venire,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 7, § 13:

audita et percelebrata sermonibus res est,

id. Cael. 29, 69; cf.:

vix feram sermones hominum, si, etc.,

id. Cat. 1, 9, 23:

vestrae perigrinantur aures, neque in hoc pervagato civitatis sermone versantur,

this talk of the town, id. Mil. 12, 33:

refrigerato jam levissimo sermone hominum,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

sermones inimicorum effugere,

id. Cael. 16, 38:

sermones lacessere, reprimere,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 7: retudit sermones, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 1:

ne putet aliquid oratione meā sermonis in sese aut invidiae esse quaesitum,

of slander, calumny, Cic. Fl. 5, 13:

dabimus sermonem iis, qui, etc.,

give them something to talk about, id. Fam. 9, 3; so,

materiam sermonibus praebere,

Tac. H. 4, 4: cataplus ille Puteolanus, sermo illius temporis, Cic. [p. 1680] Rab. Post. 14, 40 B. and K. dub.; v. Orell. N. cr. —

Transf., a manner of speaking, mode of expression, language, style, diction, etc. (cf. lingua):

sermone eo debemus uti, qui notus est nobis, ne, ut quidam Graeca verba inculcantes jure optimo rideamur,

Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111:

cujus (Terentii) fabellae propter elegantiam sermonis putabantur a C. Laelio scribi,

id. Att. 7, 3, 10:

et sane quid est aliud vetus sermo quam vetus loquendi consuetudo?

Quint. 1, 6, 43; 12, 2, 3.—

A language, the speech of a nation, etc.:

cui (Catulo) non solum nos Latini sermonis, sed etiam Graeci ipsi solent suae linguae subtilitatem elegantiamque concedere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 7, 28:

in Latino sermone,

id. ib. 3, 11, 42:

quae philosophi Graeco sermone tractavissent, ea Latinis litteris mandaremus,

id. Fin. 1, 1, 1:

patrii sermonis egestas,

Lucr. 1, 832; 3, 260:

cum lingua Catonis et Enni Sermonem patrium ditaverit,

Hor. A. P. 57:

aves, quae sermonem imitantur humanum... Agrippina turdum habuit imitantem sermones hominum... lusciniae Graeco atque Latino sermone dociles,

Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 120.—

Of a single expression:

si quis ita legaverit: Fructus annuos, etc., perinde accipi debet hic sermo, ac si, etc.,

Dig. 7, 1, 20; 11, 7, 2, § 1; 28, 5, 29.— Hence, of a single word (late Lat.): deos sermo Graecus est, Cassiod. in Psa. 21, 1.

vīcīnus, a, um, adj. [vicus], near, neighboring, in the neighborhood or vicinity.

Lit.

Adj. (mostly poet.; cf.:

contiguus, finitimus): taberna,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 24:

silva,

id. C. 3, 29, 39:

oppidum,

id. Epod. 5, 44:

urbes,

id. A. P. 66; Verg. G. 1, 510:

sedes astris,

id. A. 5, 759:

caelo Olympum,

Tib. 4, 1, 131:

heu quam vicina est ultima terra mihi!

Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 52:

bellum,

Liv. 1, 14, 6.— Poet.:

jurgia,

i.e. of neighbors, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 171.—With gen.:

ora vicina perusti aetheris,

Luc. 9, 432.— Comp.:

ni convexa foret (terra), parti vicinior esset,

Ov. F. 6, 275.—

vīcīnus, i, m., a neighbor (the predom. signif. of the word):

Eutychus Tuus... vicinus proximus,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 7; so,

proximus,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 21; Dig. 50, 15, 4:

ceteri finitimi ac vicini,

Cic. Sull. 20, 58:

vel tribules vel vicinos meos,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

si te interioribus vicinis tuis anteponis,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7:

bonus sane vicinus,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 132:

vicine Palaemon,

Verg. E. 3, 53.—

Transf., of time, a contemporary: Tertullianus vicinus eorum temporum, Hier. Script. Eccl. Luc.—

vīcīna, ae, f., a neighbor:

ego huc transeo in proximum ad meam vicinam,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 1, 2; 3, 3, 16; Ter. And. 1, 1, 78; id. Hec. 4, 4, 98; Quint. 5, 11, 28; Hor. C. 3, 19, 24.—With gen.:

Fides in Capitolio vicina Jovis,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 104:

anus vicina loci,

Ov. F. 6, 399.—

vīcīnum, i, n., a neighboring place, the neighborhood, vicinity (mostly post-Aug.):

stellae in vicino terrae,

Plin. 2, 16, 13, § 68; so,

in vicino,

id. 6, 26, 30, § 122; Cels. 2, 6 fin.; Sen. Brev. Vit. 15, 3:

ex (e) vicino,

Col. 7, 2, 4; Plin. 23, 8, 75, § 145.— Plur.:

amnis rigans vicina,

Plin. 6, 18, 22, § 65; Ov. M. 1, 573.—With gen.:

in Syriae vicina pervenire,

Plin. 16, 32, 59, § 135.—

Trop., nearly resembling in quality or nature, like, similar, kindred, allied (class.):

dialecticorum scientia vicina et finitima eloquentiae,

Cic. Or. 32, 113:

vicina praedictae, sed amplior virtus,

Quint. 8, 3, 83:

in his rebus, quibus nomina sua sunt, vicinis potius uti,

id. 8, 6, 35:

vicina virtutibus vitia,

id. 8, 3, 7: quod est hupoptôsei vicinum, id. 9, 2, 58:

odor croco vicinus est,

Plin. 21, 9, 29, § 53; cf. id. 21, 18, 69, § 115:

cui vicinum est, non negare quod obicitur,

Quint. 6, 3, 81.— Comp.:

ferrum molle plumboque vicinius,

Plin. 34, 14, 41, § 143.—

Absol.:

non ex eodem sed ex diverso vicinum accipitur,

Quint. 9, 3, 68:

multum ab amethysto distat hyacinthos, tamen e vicino descendens,

Plin. 37, 9, 41, § 125 (al. ab vicino tamen colore descendens).—Hence, adv.: vīcīnē, in the neighborhood, near by (late Lat.): (fluvius) quantum crescit aquis, pisces vicinius offert, nearer by, Ven. Carm. 3, 12, 11:

vicinissime frui,

Aug. Doctr. Chr. 1, 33 fin.

vīcīnus, a, um, adj. [vicus], near, neighboring, in the neighborhood or vicinity.

Lit.

Adj. (mostly poet.; cf.:

contiguus, finitimus): taberna,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 24:

silva,

id. C. 3, 29, 39:

oppidum,

id. Epod. 5, 44:

urbes,

id. A. P. 66; Verg. G. 1, 510:

sedes astris,

id. A. 5, 759:

caelo Olympum,

Tib. 4, 1, 131:

heu quam vicina est ultima terra mihi!

Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 52:

bellum,

Liv. 1, 14, 6.— Poet.:

jurgia,

i.e. of neighbors, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 171.—With gen.:

ora vicina perusti aetheris,

Luc. 9, 432.— Comp.:

ni convexa foret (terra), parti vicinior esset,

Ov. F. 6, 275.—

vīcīnus, i, m., a neighbor (the predom. signif. of the word):

Eutychus Tuus... vicinus proximus,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 7; so,

proximus,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 21; Dig. 50, 15, 4:

ceteri finitimi ac vicini,

Cic. Sull. 20, 58:

vel tribules vel vicinos meos,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

si te interioribus vicinis tuis anteponis,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7:

bonus sane vicinus,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 132:

vicine Palaemon,

Verg. E. 3, 53.—

Transf., of time, a contemporary: Tertullianus vicinus eorum temporum, Hier. Script. Eccl. Luc.—

vīcīna, ae, f., a neighbor:

ego huc transeo in proximum ad meam vicinam,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 1, 2; 3, 3, 16; Ter. And. 1, 1, 78; id. Hec. 4, 4, 98; Quint. 5, 11, 28; Hor. C. 3, 19, 24.—With gen.:

Fides in Capitolio vicina Jovis,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 104:

anus vicina loci,

Ov. F. 6, 399.—

vīcīnum, i, n., a neighboring place, the neighborhood, vicinity (mostly post-Aug.):

stellae in vicino terrae,

Plin. 2, 16, 13, § 68; so,

in vicino,

id. 6, 26, 30, § 122; Cels. 2, 6 fin.; Sen. Brev. Vit. 15, 3:

ex (e) vicino,

Col. 7, 2, 4; Plin. 23, 8, 75, § 145.— Plur.:

amnis rigans vicina,

Plin. 6, 18, 22, § 65; Ov. M. 1, 573.—With gen.:

in Syriae vicina pervenire,

Plin. 16, 32, 59, § 135.—

Trop., nearly resembling in quality or nature, like, similar, kindred, allied (class.):

dialecticorum scientia vicina et finitima eloquentiae,

Cic. Or. 32, 113:

vicina praedictae, sed amplior virtus,

Quint. 8, 3, 83:

in his rebus, quibus nomina sua sunt, vicinis potius uti,

id. 8, 6, 35:

vicina virtutibus vitia,

id. 8, 3, 7: quod est hupoptôsei vicinum, id. 9, 2, 58:

odor croco vicinus est,

Plin. 21, 9, 29, § 53; cf. id. 21, 18, 69, § 115:

cui vicinum est, non negare quod obicitur,

Quint. 6, 3, 81.— Comp.:

ferrum molle plumboque vicinius,

Plin. 34, 14, 41, § 143.—

Absol.:

non ex eodem sed ex diverso vicinum accipitur,

Quint. 9, 3, 68:

multum ab amethysto distat hyacinthos, tamen e vicino descendens,

Plin. 37, 9, 41, § 125 (al. ab vicino tamen colore descendens).—Hence, adv.: vīcīnē, in the neighborhood, near by (late Lat.): (fluvius) quantum crescit aquis, pisces vicinius offert, nearer by, Ven. Carm. 3, 12, 11:

vicinissime frui,

Aug. Doctr. Chr. 1, 33 fin.

vīcīnus, a, um, adj. [vicus], near, neighboring, in the neighborhood or vicinity.

Lit.

Adj. (mostly poet.; cf.:

contiguus, finitimus): taberna,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 24:

silva,

id. C. 3, 29, 39:

oppidum,

id. Epod. 5, 44:

urbes,

id. A. P. 66; Verg. G. 1, 510:

sedes astris,

id. A. 5, 759:

caelo Olympum,

Tib. 4, 1, 131:

heu quam vicina est ultima terra mihi!

Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 52:

bellum,

Liv. 1, 14, 6.— Poet.:

jurgia,

i.e. of neighbors, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 171.—With gen.:

ora vicina perusti aetheris,

Luc. 9, 432.— Comp.:

ni convexa foret (terra), parti vicinior esset,

Ov. F. 6, 275.—

vīcīnus, i, m., a neighbor (the predom. signif. of the word):

Eutychus Tuus... vicinus proximus,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 7; so,

proximus,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 21; Dig. 50, 15, 4:

ceteri finitimi ac vicini,

Cic. Sull. 20, 58:

vel tribules vel vicinos meos,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

si te interioribus vicinis tuis anteponis,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7:

bonus sane vicinus,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 132:

vicine Palaemon,

Verg. E. 3, 53.—

Transf., of time, a contemporary: Tertullianus vicinus eorum temporum, Hier. Script. Eccl. Luc.—

vīcīna, ae, f., a neighbor:

ego huc transeo in proximum ad meam vicinam,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 1, 2; 3, 3, 16; Ter. And. 1, 1, 78; id. Hec. 4, 4, 98; Quint. 5, 11, 28; Hor. C. 3, 19, 24.—With gen.:

Fides in Capitolio vicina Jovis,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 104:

anus vicina loci,

Ov. F. 6, 399.—

vīcīnum, i, n., a neighboring place, the neighborhood, vicinity (mostly post-Aug.):

stellae in vicino terrae,

Plin. 2, 16, 13, § 68; so,

in vicino,

id. 6, 26, 30, § 122; Cels. 2, 6 fin.; Sen. Brev. Vit. 15, 3:

ex (e) vicino,

Col. 7, 2, 4; Plin. 23, 8, 75, § 145.— Plur.:

amnis rigans vicina,

Plin. 6, 18, 22, § 65; Ov. M. 1, 573.—With gen.:

in Syriae vicina pervenire,

Plin. 16, 32, 59, § 135.—

Trop., nearly resembling in quality or nature, like, similar, kindred, allied (class.):

dialecticorum scientia vicina et finitima eloquentiae,

Cic. Or. 32, 113:

vicina praedictae, sed amplior virtus,

Quint. 8, 3, 83:

in his rebus, quibus nomina sua sunt, vicinis potius uti,

id. 8, 6, 35:

vicina virtutibus vitia,

id. 8, 3, 7: quod est hupoptôsei vicinum, id. 9, 2, 58:

odor croco vicinus est,

Plin. 21, 9, 29, § 53; cf. id. 21, 18, 69, § 115:

cui vicinum est, non negare quod obicitur,

Quint. 6, 3, 81.— Comp.:

ferrum molle plumboque vicinius,

Plin. 34, 14, 41, § 143.—

Absol.:

non ex eodem sed ex diverso vicinum accipitur,

Quint. 9, 3, 68:

multum ab amethysto distat hyacinthos, tamen e vicino descendens,

Plin. 37, 9, 41, § 125 (al. ab vicino tamen colore descendens).—Hence, adv.: vīcīnē, in the neighborhood, near by (late Lat.): (fluvius) quantum crescit aquis, pisces vicinius offert, nearer by, Ven. Carm. 3, 12, 11:

vicinissime frui,

Aug. Doctr. Chr. 1, 33 fin.