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1 final
final, e (masculine plural finals or -aux) [final, o]1. adjective2. masculine noun3. feminine noun* * ** * *final, o final, -e finals {ou} finaux mpl1. adj2. nmMUSIQUE finale* * *A adj final; proposition finale final clause.B finale nf————————————————finale nom féminin1. LINGUISTIQUE [syllabe] final syllable[voyelle] final vowel -
2 óma
noun "voice" OM, "voice, resonance of the vocal chords" VT39:16, voice /vowel PE17:138, where it is said that the root OM refers to drawn-out sounds; contrast tomba, q.v.. With pronominal suffix \#ómarya "his/her voice", genitive ómaryo "of his/her voice" Nam, RGEO:67. Instrumental pl. ómainen "with voices" WJ:391. Adj. ómalóra "voiceless" VT45:28. The term óma is closely associated with vowels, see óma-tengwë, ómëa; cf. also the compounds ómataina "vocalic extension", the addition to the base a final vowel identical to the stem-vowel WJ:371, 417; also called ómataima, VT42:24, 25, ómatehtar "vowel-signs", signs used for vowels usually called simply tehtar, but the latter term strictly includes all kinds of diacritics, not just the vowel-signs WJ:396 -
3 Endvokal
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4 arato
noun a noble PE17:147, in PE17:118 given as aratōand there glossed lord often = king. Cf. aráto. The form cited in the latter source, aratō with a long final vowel, is evidently very archaic compare Enderō under Ender; later the vowel would become short. PE17:118 -
5 vénëa
adj. *"maidenly, virginal" VT44:10; the source has véne' alcarë *"virginal glory", the first word possibly representing an adjective *vénëa the final vowel of which has been elided since the next word begins in the same vowel. -
6 वैदेहः _vaidēhḥ
वैदेहः [विदेह अण्]1 A king of Videha; जनको ह वैदेहो बहुदक्षिणेन येज्ञेनेजे Bṛi. Up.3.1.1.-2 An inhabitant of Videha.-3 A trader by caste.-4 The son of a Vaiśya by a Brāhmaṇa woman; Ms.1 11.-5 An attendant on the women's apartments.-हाः (m. pl.) The people of Videha.-ही 1 N. of Sītā; वैदेहिबन्धोर्हृदयं विदद्रे R.14. 33 (the final vowel in वैदेही being shortened.)-2 The wife of a merchant.-3 A sort of pigment (रोचना)-4 Turmeric.-5 A cow.-6 Long pepper. -
7 गर्तारुह्
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8 घ
gha1) the 4th consonant of the Sanskṛit alphabet (aspirate of the preceding)
2) ind. (used to lay stress on a word) at least, surely, verily, indeed, especially
RV. AV. V, 13, 10 and 11; VI, 1, 3. ;
+ (= Gk. γε)
In the Saṃhitā the final vowel is generally lengthened ( ghā cf. Pāṇ. 6-3, 133);
as a rule it is preceded by other particles ( utá, utó, utávā, cid, ná, vā) orﾠ by a pronoun orﾠ a preposition;
it is alsoﾠ found between iva andﾠ íd;
orﾠ between iva andﾠ ídaha, orﾠ between vā andﾠ íd;
sometimes it occurs in the clause which depends on a conditional orﾠ relative sentence (e.g.. ā́ghāgamadyádiṡrávat,
« he will surely come when he hears» RV. I, 30, 8), I, 161, 8; VIII, 46, 4. ;
3) mfn. ( han) ifc. « striking, killing» cf. jīva-, tāḍa-, pāṇi-, rāja-, etc. (cf. alsoﾠ parigha);
(ā) f. a stroke L. ;
4) m. a rattling orﾠ gurgling orﾠ tinkling sound L. ;
a bell L. ;
(ā) f. a tinkling ornament worn by women round the waist
- घकार
-
9 slotklinker
n. final vowel -
10 ἄλφα
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: name of the first letter of the alphabet (Pl.)Compounds: Collocation ἀλφάβητος m. f.; also n. pl.? (Irenaeus of Lyon; see Schwyzer KZ 58, 1931, 199ff.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Semit.Etymology: From Hebrew ' aleph (Schwyzer 140 γ, KZ 58, 177-183). For the final vowel cf. βῆτα from Hebr. bêth. Cf. Einarson, Class. Phil. 62, 1967,1-24 and 262f.Page in Frisk: 1,81Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄλφα
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11 ἐγω
Grammatical information: pers. pron.Meaning: `I'.Etymology: Beside ἐγώ = Lat. egō we find Venet. eχo (length of the -o uncertain), Lat. egŏ with secondarily short final vowel, as in the German. forms, e. g. UrN. ek (but see below); no vocalic auslaut also in Balt., Armen. and Hitt. forms: OLith. eš, Arm. es, Hitt. uk (in Armen. -ō̆ may have been lost). - In Indo-Iranian and Slavic forms in IE -ŏm, e. g. Skt. ahám, OP adam, OCS azъ (\< *ēg though Winter-Kortlandt); enclitic UrN. -( i)ka (like proclitic ek, ik?) perh. from IE *eǵŏm. The varying *eǵō, *eǵŏm after the verbal endings 1. pers. -ō (primary), -ŏm (secondary)?; or is -ŏm a particle which is frequent in Old Indic (tuv-ám `thou' etc.). Skt. has * h₁egh₁-om, which explains the aspiration. - Gr. ἐγών a compromise between -ō and -om (or after ἔγνων, *ἔδων etc.?); in ἐγών-η ( ἐγώ-νη? cf. τύνη) - νη is a deictic element, as in ἔγω-γε. - See Schwyzer 602 and 606; Pok. 291; also Brandenstein Μνήμης χάριν 1, 52. - S. ἐμέ.Page in Frisk: 1,441Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐγω
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12 σφυρόν
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `ankle, foot-joint' (Il.), metaph. `the lower part of a mountain' (Pi., Theoc. a.o.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. τανύ-σφυρος `with slender ankles' (h. Cer., Hes.); ἐπι-σφύρ-ια n. pl. `ankle-buckles' (Il.).Derivatives: σφυρόομαι `to tie one's ankle-buckles, to put on one's laced boots' (Carm. Pop. 7) with - ωτήρ, - ῆρος m. `shoe-strap' (LXX; cf. lit. on σφαιρωτήρ).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Zero grade verbal noun to σπαίρω [impossible because of σφ-], Skt. sphuráti etc., prob. inherited and identical with OHG spuri-halz `limping' (prop. *"knuckle-lame"?) except for the final vowel. To this from Germ. also OHG spor n. `foot-mark', sporo `spur' etc.; s. σπαίρω w. lit. The by-form σφυδρά pl. ( Act. Ap. 3, 7, pap. IIIp, H., gloss.) is folketymol. (after σφόδρα, - ός or σφυδῶν?; no decision gives Schwyzer 239 Zus. 2). -- The IE etym. cannot explain inital σφ- and must be given up.Page in Frisk: 2,835Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σφυρόν
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13 an
1 conj. and prep. "for" Nam, RGEO:66, an cé mo quernëfor if one turned VT49:8, also used adverbially in the formula an + a noun to express one more of the thing concerned: an quetta a word more, PE17:91. The an of the phrase es sorni heruion an! "the Eagles of the Lords are at hand" SD:290 however seems to denote motion towards the speaker: the Eagles are coming. Etym has an, ana "to, towards" NĀsup1/sup. The phrase an i falmalīPE17:127 is not clearly translated but seems to be a paraphrase of the word falmalinnar upon the foaming waves Nam, suggesting that an can be used as a paraphrase of the allative ending and if falmalīis seen as a Book Quenya accusative form because of the long final vowel, this is evidence that an governs the accusative case.In the "Arctic" sentence, an is translated "until". Regarding an as used in Namárië, various sources indicate that it means an moreover, furthermore, to proceed VT49:18-19 or properly further, plus, in addition PE17:69, 90. According to one late source ca. 1966 or later, an is very frequently used after a full stop, when an account or description is confirmed after a pause. So in Galadriels Elvish lament: An sí Tintallë, etc. = For now the Kindler, etc This is translated by me for, side an is as here often in fact used when the additional matter provides an explanation of or reason for what has already been said. Related is the use of an + noun to express one more; here an is presumably accented, something the word would not normally be when used as a conjunction or preposition. -
14 nandë
1 noun "valley" in Laurenandë UT:253, elided nand in the name Nand Ondoluncava k Stonewain Valley PE17:28. Possibly the complete word is here meant to be the variant nando PE17:80, as suggested by the alternative form Ondoluncanando k Stonewain Valley. Also nan, nand- noun "valley" Letters:308; Nan-Tasarion "Vale of Willows" LotR2:III ch. 4 Note that this and the next nandë would be spelt differently in Tengwar writing, and originally they were also pronounced differently, since nandë "harp" was ñandë in First Age Quenya. 2 "ñ" noun "harp" ÑGAN/ÑGÁNAD; according to VT46:3, Tolkien changed the final vowel from -a to -ë -
15 vald-
noun "blessedness, happiness" LT1:272 a final vowel would seem to be required. See valin regarding the dubious conceptual validity of this and related words. -
16 laica
1 adj. "green" in older sources laiqua Letters:282, PE17:159. Laicolassë laica + \#olassë green-foliage PE17:46, Quenya cognate of Sindarin Laegolas dialectal form Legolas; compare olassië. Adj. laicalassë green as leaves, literally green-leaf PE17:56. 2 "k" adj."keen, sharp, acute, piercing" LAIK, LT2:337 in the Etymologies as printed in LR, the final vowel is misread as -e instead of -a, VT45:25. Possibly obsoleted by \#1 above. Compare aica \#1. -
17 vand-
noun "way, path" LT1:264; a final vowel would seem to be required, but in Tolkien's later Quenya, the words tië or mallë are to be preferred -
18 quenya
noun original adj. "speech" PM:399; the language-name Quenya is said to mean properly "language, speech" WJ:393; cf. the phrase coirëa quenya "living speech" PM:399.However, Quenya archaic Quendya, still so in Vanyarin is also interpreted "Elvish" Letters:176, sc. the adjective corresponding to Quendi WJ:374, but it was no longer used as a general adjective. Quenya lambë"Quenya tongue" WJ:407. The command queta Quenya! speak Quenya! was used in the sense of speak precisely and intelligibly, put into actual words instead of using hand signs or looks; the word Quenya is here used adverbially PE17:138. The variant queta quenyāPE17:137 appears to use the distinct accusative formed by lengthening a final vowel known from Book Quenya. -
19 nehtanō
noun one deprived, excile whose rights and goods have been confiscated PE17:167. The long final vowel would be a feature of very archaic Quenya; the later form must be *nehtano. -
20 -o
1 genitive ending, as in Altariello, Oromëo, Elenna-nórëo, Rithil-Anamo, Rúmilo, Lestanórëo, neldëo, omentielvo, sindiëo, Valinórëo, veryanwesto, q.v. In words ending in -a, the genitive ending replaces this final vowel, hence atto, Ráno, Vardo, vorondo as the genitive forms of atta, Rána, Varda, voronda q.v. Following a noun in -ië, the ending can have the longer form -no, e.g. *máriéno of goodness PE17:59, but contrast sindiëo of greyness in PE17:72.Where the word ends in -o already, the genitive is not distinct in form, e.g. ciryamo q.v. = mariner or mariners. Pl. -ion and -ron, q.v.; dual -to but possibly -uo in the case of nouns that have nominative dual forms in -u rather than -t. The Quenya genitive describes source, origin or former ownership rather than current ownership which is rather covered by the possessive-adjectival case in -va. The ending -o may also take on an ablativic sense, from, as in Oiolossëo from Mount Oiolossë Nam, sio hence VT49:18. In some of Tolkiens earlier material, the genitive ending was -n rather than -o, cf. such a revision as Yénië Valinóren Annals of Valinor becoming Yénië Valinórëo MR:200. 2, also -ó, "a person, somebody", pronominal suffix PM:340
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