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1 downsizing
HRthe reduction of the size of a business, especially by laying off staff. Downsizing may be part of a rationalization process, or corporate restructuring, with the removal of hierarchies or the closure of departments or functions either after a period of unsatisfactory results or as a consequence of strategic review. The terms upsizing and resizing are applied when an organization increases the number of staff employed. -
2 rightsizing
Gen Mgtcorporate restructuring, or rationalization, with the goal of reducing costs, and improving efficiency and effectiveness. Rightsizing is often used as a euphemism for downsizing, or delayering, with the suggestion that it is not as farreaching. Rightsizing can also be used to describe increasing the size of an organization, perhaps as an attempt to correct a previous downsizing, or delayering, exercise. -
3 anorexic organization
Gen Mgtan organization that has become so small that it has lost the strength and depth to compete effectively. An anorexic organization may have been through the process of extreme downsizing or delayering, probably with accompanying layoffs. (slang) -
4 bureaucracy
Gen Mgtan organization structure with a rigid hierarchy of personnel, regulated by set rules and procedures. Max Weber believed that a bureaucracy was technically the most efficient form of organization. He described a bureaucracy as an organization structured around official functions that are bound by rules, each function having its own specified competence. The functions are structured into offices, which are organized into a hierarchy that follows technical rules and norms. Managers in a bureaucracy possess a rational-legal type of authority derived from the office they hold. Bureaucracies have been criticized for eradicating inspiration and creativity in favor of impersonality and the mundaneness and regularity of corporate life. This was best described in William H. Whyte’s The Organization Man, published in 1956, in which the individual was taken over by the bureaucratic machine in the name of efficiency. A more recent and humorous interpretation of life in a bureaucracy has been depicted by Scott Adams in The Dilbert Principle (1996). The term bureaucracy has gradually become a pejorative synonym for excessive and time-consuming paperwork and administration. Bureaucracies fell subject to delayering and downsizing from the 1980s onward, as the flatter organization became the target structure to ensure swifter market response and organizational flexibility. -
5 business process reengineering
Gen Mgt, Opsthe initiation and control of the change of processes within an organization, in order to derive competitive advantage from improvement in the quality of products. Business process reengineering was popularized by Michael Hammer. It requires a review and imaginative analysis of the processes currently used by the organization. BPR, therefore, has similarities to benchmarking, as this review of processes can reveal critical points where significant improvements in quality can be made. Business process reengineering was at the height of its popularity in the early to mid-1990s. It has been criticized as one of the root causes of the bouts of downsizing and delayering that have affected many parts of industry. It has also received a negative press because few BPR projects have delivered the benefits expected of them.Abbr. BPRThe ultimate business dictionary > business process reengineering
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6 career change
HRa switch in profession or in type of job, often to a different employer. Career change may be planned as part of the CPD or career development processes, or it may be forced on an employee by downsizing, ill-health, or a change in personal circumstance. -
7 corporate amnesia
Gen Mgtloss of organizational history and memory. Corporate amnesia occurs when senior or long-standing members of staff leave and their personal knowledge, built up from years of experience in the company, goes with them. This is occurring more frequently with the rise in downsizing and delayering, and the phenomenon goes hand in hand with the anorexic organization. Amnesia can be a significant disadvantage to an organization, causing it to forget the lessons it has learned and to waste time and effort in doing things again. -
8 corporate restructuring
Gen Mgta fundamental change in direction and strategy for an organization that affects the way in which the organization is structured. Corporate restructuring may involve increasing or decreasing the layers of personnel between the top and the bottom of an organization, or reassigning roles and responsibilities. Invariably, corporate restructuring has come to mean reorganizing after a period of unsatisfactory performance and poor results, and is often manifested in the divestment or closure of parts of the business and the outplacement, or shedding, of personnel. In this case, corporate restructuring is used as a euphemism for delayering, rationalization, downsizing, or rightsizing. -
9 downshifting
Gen Mgtthe concept of giving up all or part of your work commitment and income in exchange for improved quality of life. The term was coined by Charles Handy. Downshifting has increased in popularity because of rising stress in the workplace caused partly by the downsizing trend of the late 20th century, and may be contrasted with the concept of the organization man. Downshifting is integral to the idea of portfolio working, in which individuals opt out of a formal employee relationship to sell their services at a pace and at a price to suit themselves.Most people consider downshifting because of family demands, or because they have been asked to do something by their organization that goes strongly against their values, pushing them to question why they are working so hard for that organization. Others downshift as they approach retirement, in order to smooth the transition. People who downshift need to be very sure that that is what they really want and know why they want it, as it can be hard to reverse the decision.Someone wanting to take the risk of downshifting should make a thorough assessment of his or her short-term and long-term financial situation by way of preparation. They will need to have a good bed of savings to rely on in the first year. It may be necessary to consider moving to a smaller, cheaper place. Deciding what to keep of the old life and what to let go is another important part of the preparation. Some downshifters will want to completely leave their old work life behind them, starting a new job in a slower-paced organization, or setting up on their own. Others will want to stay with their organization but perhaps move to a less demanding job. Once these things have been considered and decided upon, it is time for the downshifter to make an action plan with a schedule which includes regular reassessment periods. -
10 Dunlap, Albert J.
(b. 1937) Gen MgtU.S. business executive. Noted for his turnaround management capabilities, based on downsizing and cost-cutting, which earned him the nickname “Chainsaw Al” and which are described in his book Mean Business (1996). -
11 economic theory of the firm
Gen Mgtthe theory that states that the only duty that a company has to those external to it is financial. The economic theory of the firm holds that shareholders should be the prime beneficiaries of an organization’s activities. The theory is associated with top-down leadership, and cost-cutting through rationalization and downsizing. With immediate share price dominating management activities, economic theory has been criticized as being too short-term, as opposed to the longer-term thinking behind stakeholder theory.The ultimate business dictionary > economic theory of the firm
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12 employee commitment
HRthe psychological bond of an employee to an organization, the strength of which depends on the degree of employee involvement, employee loyalty, and belief in the values of the organization. Employee commitment was badly damaged in the late 20th century during corporate reorganizations and downsizing, which undermined job security and resulted in fewer promotion opportunities. This led to the renegotiation of the psychological contract and the need to develop strategies for increasing commitment. These included flexible working and work-life balance policies, teamwork, training and development, employee participation, and empowerment. -
13 middle management
HRthe position held by managers considered neither senior nor junior in an organization. Middle managers were subject to delayering and downsizing in the 1980s as organizations sought to reduce costs by removing the layer of managers between those who had direct interface with customers and senior decision makers. -
14 organization hierarchy
Gen Mgtthe vertical layers of ranks of personnel within an organization, each layer subordinate to the one above it. Organization hierarchy is often shown in the form of an organization chart. An extended hierarchy is typical of a bureaucracy, but during the later 20th and early 21st centuries the layers of hierarchical positions within large organizations have often been reduced as part of downsizing exercises. These result in the shallow or nonexistent hierarchies of flexible, flat organizations within which there is greater employee empowerment and autonomy. -
15 organization structure
Gen Mgtthe form of an organization that is evident in the way divisions, departments, functions, and people link together and interact. Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities, and horizontal linkages, and may be represented by an organization chart. The complexity of an organization’s structure is often proportional to its size and its geographic dispersal. The traditional organization structure for many businesses in the 20th century was the bureaucracy, originally defined by Max Weber. More recent forms include the flat, network, matrix, and virtual organizations. These forms have become more prevalent during the last decades of the 20th century as a result of the trend toward restructuring and downsizing and developments in telecommunications technology. According to Harold J. Leavitt, organization structure is inextricably linked to the technology and people who perform the tasks. Charles Handy has shown that it is also directly linked to corporate culture. -
16 rationalization
Gen Mgtthe application of efficiency or effectiveness measures to an organization. Rationalization can occur at the onset of a downturn in an organization’s performance or results. It usually takes the form of cutbacks intended to bring the organization back to profitability and may involve layoffs, plant closures, and cutbacks in supplies and resources. It often involves changes in organization structure, particularly in the form of downsizing. The term is also used in a cynical way as a euphemism for mass layoffs. -
17 resizing
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18 upsizing
HR
См. также в других словарях:
Downsizing — (engl. für Verkleinerung, Verringerung, Abbau, Gesundschrumpfung) bedeutet eine Verkleinerung technischer Größen (zum Beispiel Gewicht, Hubraum) bei gleicher oder ähnlicher Leistungsfähigkeit hierdurch sinkt der Energieverbrauch. Am häufigsten… … Deutsch Wikipedia
downsizing — n. (Economics) the reduction of expeditures and personnel in order to become financial stable; of businesses. Syn: retrenchment, curtailment. [WordNet 1.5] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
downsizing — A company s reduction in the number of employees, number of bureaucratic levels, and overall size in an attempt to increase efficiency and profitability. Bloomberg Financial Dictionary * * * downsizing down‧siz‧ing [ˈdaʊnˌsaɪzɪŋ] noun… … Financial and business terms
Downsizing — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Le terme Downsizing peut désigner : En informatique, le downsizing consiste à remplacer une machine puissante par un réseau de petites machines. En… … Wikipédia en Français
downsizing — noun a) An act in which a company downsizes or is downsized He lost his job in the last downsizing. b) miniaturization Downsizing is one of the leading trends in automotive engine design … Wiktionary
Downsizing — Down|si|zing 〈[ daʊnsaızıŋ] n.; od. s; unz.〉 1. 〈Wirtsch.〉 1.1 Reduktion von Arbeitskräften 1.2 Verringerung der Produktion 2. 〈EDV〉 Ersetzen eines zentralen Rechnersystems durch kleinere, miteinander vernetzte Systeme [<engl. down „hinunter,… … Universal-Lexikon
downsizing — ● ►en /down say zing/ n. m. ►DECI Littéralement plan social d une entreprise, avec réduction d effectifs, réduction de taille ou descente en taille, appelée méchamment dégraissage en France, comme si le personnel licencié constituait de la… … Dictionnaire d'informatique francophone
downsizing — A reduction in the size of an organization, especially by cutting the number of direct employees. The main purpose of downsizing is to improve profitability by reducing costs, although there may also be gains in both focus and flexibility. Apart… … Accounting dictionary
downsizing — A reduction in the size of an organization, especially by cutting the number of direct employees. The main purpose of downsizing is to improve profitability by reducing costs, although there may also be gains in both focus and flexibility. Apart… … Big dictionary of business and management
downsizing — The redesign of mainframebased business applications to applications capable of running on smaller, lessexpensive systems, often PC LANs. Client/ server architecture is the model most often implemented during downsizing. When applications are… … Dictionary of networking
Downsizing (informatique) — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Downsizing. Jusqu au début des années 1980, la loi de Grosch a semblé s imposer : disposer de machines puissantes consultables par des terminaux intelligents, mais passifs, semblait la voie d avenir pour l… … Wikipédia en Français
