calumniae+n+f

occāsĭo, ōnis, f. [occĭdo, a falling out, a happening, hap; hence], an occasion, opportunity, fit time, convenient season, favorable moment for doing any thing; eukairia, kairos (syn.: opportunitas, locus, facultas).

In gen.:

occasio est pars temporis, habens in se alicujus rei idoneam faciendi aut non faciendi opportunitatem... in occasione, ad spatium temporis, faciendi quaedam opportunitas intellegitur adjuncta,

Cic. Inv. 1, 27, 40: tempus actionis opportunum Graece eukairia, Latine appellatur occasio, id. Off. 1, 40, 142: occasio opportunitas temporis casu quodam provenientis est, Paul. ex Fest. p. 178 Müll.:

dum datur mihi occasio Tempusque,

Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 30; cf.:

nunc occasio est et tempus,

id. Ps. 4, 2, 3; Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 4:

an ego occasionem tantam, tam brevem, tam optatam, tam insperatam Amitterem?

id. Eun. 3, 5, 56:

minima,

Suet. Calig. 14; cf.

summa,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 2 infra: occasionem nancisci, Afran. ap. Non. 308, 13:

quem, si interficere voluisset, quantae quoties occasiones, quam praeclarae fuerunt,

Cic. Mil. 14, 38:

occasio opprimendi,

id. ib. 15:

inrumpendi in urbem,

Curt. 4, 5, 16:

resistendi,

id. 7, 4, 4: majores occasiones ad opitulandum haberem, more opportunities, Planc [p. 1250] up. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 2:

ut primum occasio data est rem publicam defendendi,

as soon as an opportunity presented itself, Cic. Fam. 12, 242:

occasionem sibi ad occupandam Asiam oblatam esse arbitratur,

has presented itself, id. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4:

amplam occasionem calumniae nactus,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 25, § 61:

occasio mirifica,

id. Att. 2, 14, 2:

opportuna,

Val. Max. 5, 4, 3:

quo faciliorem occasionem Salvio praebuit perficiendi conata,

Suet. Galb. 17:

occasio minor opinione,

id. Caes. 3:

tam bona,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:

lepida,

id. Mil. 4, 1, 30:

bellissima,

Petr. S. 25:

occasionem amittere,

to lose, let slip, Cic. Caecin. 5, 15:

omittere,

Suet. Cal. 14; so,

praetermittere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 25:

capere,

to seize, Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 5:

arripere,

Liv. 35, 12, 17:

occasiones quaerere,

Sen. Ben. 3, 14, 4:

rapere de die,

Hor. Epod. 13, 4:

amplecti,

Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 1:

sumere,

Plin. 2, 1, 1, § 3:

occasione uti,

Just. 38, 5, 1:

non deesse occasioni,

not to miss, to profit by, Caes. B. C. 3, 79:

cunctationem hostium suam fore occasionem rati,

Curt. 4, 6, 13:

dum datur mihi occasio tempusque,

Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 29:

ne a fortunā datam occasionem liberandae Graeciae dimitterent,

Nep. Milt. 3, 3; id. Alc. 8, 5:

cujus (rei) se occasio dederit,

Quint. 12, 2, 12: (paratus) depugnare, si occasio tulerit, mori, si casus inciderit, etc., Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

occasionem aperire ad invadendum,

Liv. 4, 53, 9:

occasionem sibi ad occupandam Asiam oblatam esse,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4:

occasione datā,

should an opportunity offer, id. Phil. 7, 6, 18; cf.:

occasione oblatā simultates deponere,

Suet. Caes. 73:

praebere,

id. Galb. 17:

offerre,

id. Aug. 16:

per occasionem,

on a favorable opportunity, Liv. 30, 3:

rem inmaturam nisi per occasionem aperire noluerat,

id. 1, 5, 5; 1, 53, 7; 2, 11, 2; Sall. C. 51, 6:

fratris memoriā per omnem occasionem celebratā,

on every occasion, Suet. Claud. 11; id. Aug. 67:

ad occasionem aurae evehi,

the wind being fair, taking advantage of a fair wind, id. ib. 97:

levia proelia ex occasione hujus aut illius partis oriebantur,

Liv. 24, 3, 17:

ex occasione,

as occasion offered, Suet. Caes. 60:

occasione omni,

on every occasion, id. Claud. 42.—With inf.:

nunc adest occasio Benefacta cumulare = occasio cumulandi,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 63:

nunc est illa occasio inimicum ulcisci,

id. Pers. 4, 7, 15:

agere tuam rem occasio est,

id. Poen. 3, 3, 46; 5, 4, 42; id. Curc. 1, 1, 60; cf.:

summa eludendi occasio'st mihi nunc senes Et Phaedriae curam adimere,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 45.—With ut and subj.:

fuit occasio, si vellet, jam pridem argentum ut daret,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 51:

quoniam occasio fuit Mea virtute parta ut quantum velles sumeres,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 22:

rara haec occasio est, ut referri possint divini honores,

Quint. 3, 7, 17.—

Personified: Occasio, Opportunity, as a goddess, Phaedr. 5, 8; Aus. Epigr. 12, 3.—

In partic.

Facility or means of having a thing:

solitudinis,

Tac. A. 15, 50.—

A supply, stock (post-Aug.):

oleae,

Col. 9, 1:

lapidum,

Plin. 36, 26, 65, § 191:

vetusti olei,

id. 23, 4, 40, § 82.—

A pretext, plea, plausible explanation:

hāc illi opus est occasione, ne illum talium precum pudeat,

Quint. 3, 8, 47:

occasiones et ex causis et ex dictis adversariorum oriuntur,

id. 6, 1, 5; 12, 10, 13:

quantulacunque adeo est occasio, sufficit irae,

Juv. 13, 183.—

Occasion, motive, reason:

non habeo ullam occasionem, ut apud te falsa fabuler,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 38.—

Milit. t. t., a dash, raid, surprise:

occasionis esse rem, non proelii,

they were undertaking a surprise, not a battle, Caes. B. G. 7, 45, 9:

cujus (belli) maxima momenta in occasionibus sunt,

Sen. Ira, 3, 21, 1:

occasionibus imminere,

Front. 2, 5, 22. —

A cause (late Lat.): cum calcis ictu mortis occasio praebita videatur, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 1, 10, 1.

prae-tendo, di, tum ( part. praetensus, Anthol. Lat. 3, 168, 5), 3, v. a., to stretch forth or forward, to extend (syn. obtendo).

Lit.:

praetenta Tela,

stretched forth, presented, Ov. M. 8, 341: propagines e vitibus altius praetentos, shooting forth, Fab. Pict. ap. Gell. 10, 15, 13: ubi visum in culice natura praetendit? set out, stationed (i. e. extendit, et posuit in anteriore oris parte), Plin. 11, 1, 2, § 2.—

Transf.

To spread before or in front:

membrana, quae praecordia appellant, quia cordi praetenditur,

Plin. 11, 37, 77, § 197; 9, 6, 5, § 15.—

To spread, draw, hold, or place a thing before another:

segeti praetendere saepem,

Verg. G. 1, 270:

vestem tumidis praetendit ocellis,

holds before, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 79:

ramum praetendit olivae,

holds out, Verg. A. 8, 116:

fumosque manu praetende sequaces,

id. G. 4, 230:

decreto sermonem,

to prefix, Liv. 3, 47:

quicquid castrorum Armeniis praetenditur,

Tac. H. 2, 6:

ut adnexa classis et pugnae parata conversā et minaci fronte praetenderetur,

id. ib. 2, 14.—

Of places: praetendi, to stretch out before or in front of, to lie over against or opposite to ( poet. and post - Aug.;

once in Liv.): praetentaque Syrtibus arva,

Verg. A. 6, 60:

tenue litus praetentum,

Liv. 10, 2, 5:

Armeniae praetentus Iber,

Val. Fl. 5, 167:

gens nostris provinciis late praetenta,

Tac. A. 2, 56:

Baeticae latere septentrionali praetenditur Lusitania,

Plin. 3, 1, 2, § 6: a tergo praetendantur Aethiopes, id. 5, 9, 9, § 48; 6, 27, 31, § 134:

Dardanis laevo Triballi praetenduntur,

id. 4, 1, 1, § 3:

extremis legio praetenta Britannis, i. e. opposita custodiae causa,

Claud. B. Get. 416.—

Trop.

To hold out or bring forward as an excuse, to allege, pretend, simulate (syn.:

causor, praetexo): hominis doctissimi nomen tuis immanibus et barbaris moribus (soles) praetendere,

to allege in excuse for, Cic. Vatin. 6, 14:

praetendens culpae splendida verba tuae,

Ov. R. Am. 240:

legem postulationi suae praetendere,

Liv. 3, 45, 1:

quid honestum dictu saltem seditioni praetenditur muliebri?

id. 34, 3, 8:

meminisse, quem titulum praetenderitis adversus Philippum,

id. 37, 54, 13:

decem legatorum decretum calumniae inpudentissimae,

id. 39, 28, 11: vultum, et tristitiam, et dissentientem a ceteris habitum pessimis moribus praetendebant, Quint. prooem. § 15; Plin. Ep. 4, 16, 3:

ignorantia praetendi non potest,

Quint. 7, 1, 35:

haec a se factitari praetendebat,

Tac. A. 6, 18:

praetendere fessam aetatem et actos labores,

id. ib. 3, 59; Flor. 3, 5, 3:

plebeiam facie tenus praetendens humanitatem,

App. M. 10, 23, p. 250, 9.—

To put forward, hold out, allege, assert a thing:

nec conjugis umquam Praetendi taedas,

I never pretended to be your husband, Verg. A. 4, 338:

debitum,

to demand a debt, sue for payment of a debt, Dig. 2, 14, 9.

rĕ-texo, xui (retexi, Manil. 4, 214 dub.), xtum, 3, v. a.

To unweave, unravel what has been woven (class.).

Lit.:

quasi Penelope telam retexens,

Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 95:

tela retexta dolo,

Ov. Am. 3, 9, 30:

telas,

Stat. S. 3, 5, 9.—

Poet., transf., [p. 1586] of other things:

nec (corpora possunt) retexi,

be decomposed, Lucr. 1, 529; so,

umorem maris (sol),

id. 5, 267: luna quater plenum tenuata retexuit orbem, i. e. lessened or diminished again, Ov. M. 7, 531.—

Trop., to break up, cancel, annul, reverse (cf.:

resolvo, rescindo): multa quaerendo reperiunt non modo ea, quae jam non possint ipsi dissolvere, sed etiam quibus ante exorsa et potius detexta prope retexantur,

Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 158:

superiora (novi timores),

id. Fam. 11, 14, 3:

istius praeturam (opp. suam gerere),

id. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 63:

illa (dicta),

to take back, id. Fin. 5, 28, 84:

orationem meam,

to alter, change, id. Phil. 2, 13, 32:

scriptorum quaeque,

to revise, correct, Hor. S. 2, 3, 2:

opus,

Ov. P. 1, 3, 30; id. R. Am. 12:

retegens caelum terque ora retexens,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 29:

jura,

Manil. 4, 214:

calumniae textum,

App. Mag. p. 313, 38: an, quod adulescens praestiti, id nunc commutem ac me ipse retexam? and fashion myself anew, metamorphose myself, Masius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5.—

To weave again or anew; to renew, repeat ( poet.; not anteAug.). — Trop.:

properata retexite fata,

i. e. call back to life, Ov. M. 10, 31:

inde retro redeunt, idemque retexitur ordo,

id. ib. 15, 249; cf. Verg. A. 12, 763.—

To repeat, relate again, narrate:

oro, mater, ordine mihi singula retexe,

App. M. 9, p. 224, 30; so,

orationem,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 6; Claud. B. Gild. 325; Aus. Idyll. 10, 298.

rē̆-trăho, xi, ctum, 3, v. a.

To draw back, withdraw; to call back (class.).

Lit.:

me retrahis,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 8;

aliquem,

Cic. Sen. 23, 83; Liv. 30, 20; 21, 63 (in the last two passages with revocare);

10, 25: bos domitus et procurrentem (bovem) retrahit, et cunctantem producit,

holds back, Col. 6, 2, 10: aliquem hinc, Lucceius ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 1:

Hannibalem in Africam (Scipio),

Cic. Fin. 2, 17, 56:

aliquem in urbem,

Caes. B. C. 1, 9:

manum,

Cic. Cael. 26, 63:

pedem,

Verg. A. 10, 307:

quo fata trahunt retrahuntque,

id. ib. 5, 709:

castra intra penitus,

Liv. 36, 17 Drak.:

occulere aut retrahere aliquid (pecuniae),

to keep back, withhold, id. 32, 38 fin.:

se,

Cic. Cael. 27, 64; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 58:

se ab ictu,

Ov. M. 3, 87:

se a convivio,

Cels. 1, 1, 5; Capitol. Anton. Phil. 14, 2.—

Mid.: (corpuscula complexa) inter se retrahuntur,

Lucr. 2, 155:

in servitutem retrahi,

Tac. A. 13, 26. —

In partic., to drag back, bring back a fugitive, Caes. B. G. 5, 7; Liv. 2, 12; 25, 7:

ut retractus, non reversus, videretur,

Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 10; Sall. C. 39, 5:

ex fugā, 47, 4: fugientem,

Just. 38, 9, 6; 38, 10, 13. —

Hence, comically, of fugitive money,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 11; cf. also infra, B.—

Trop., to draw back, withdraw, remove, etc.:

postquam poëta vetus poëtam non potest Retrahere ab studio,

to withdraw, remove, Ter. Phorm. prol. 2:

aliquem a re publicā,

Cic. Sest. 15, 34:

Thebas ab interitu,

Nep. Epam. 8, 4:

aliquem ex magnis detrimentis,

Suet. Aug. 71:

ex viginti trecentisque millibus ad centum quinquaginta retraxit,

i. e. he reduced them to one hundred and fifty thousand, Suet. Caes. 41 Oud.:

verba,

to keep back, suppress, Sen. Ep. 3, 6; so,

vires ingenii,

id. ib. 79, 3: noctes, to shorten, Manil. 4, 253:

stellae splendorem suum,

Vulg. Joel, 2, 10: genus ejusmodi calliditatis et calumniae retrahetur in odium judicis, is drawn or converted into, results in, Cic. Part. 39, 137:

imaginem nocturnae quietis ad spem haud dubiam retraxit,

Tac. A. 16, 1.—

With reference to the signif. A. 2: illa (verba), quae jam majoribus nostris ademit oblivio fugitiva,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 5 Müll. —

To draw again or anew; to bring forth or to light again, make known again (so perh. only in Tac.).

Lit.:

Caesar Antistium Veterem absolutum adulterii increpitis judicibus ad dicendam majestatis causam retraxit,

Tac. A. 3, 38:

aliquem postero die ad eosdem cruciatus,

id. ib. 15, 57:

Treviros in arma,

id. H. 4, 70 fin. —

Trop.:

oblitterata aerarii monimenta,

Tac. A. 13, 23:

potiorem civitatis partem ad societatem Romanam,

id. H. 4, 56 fin. — Hence, rĕtractus, a, um, P. a., drawn back, lying back, remote, distant: emporium in intimo sinu Corinthiaco, Liv. 36, 21:

in trorsus sinus maris,

id. 26, 42.— Comp.:

retractior a mari murus,

Liv. 34, 9:

retractius paulo cubiculum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 6:

retracti introrsum oculi,

deep-set, Sen. Contr. 1, 6.

sūb-ĭcĭo (less correctly subjĭcĭo; post-Aug. sometimes sŭb-), jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. [sub-jacio].

Lit., to throw, lay, place, or bring under or near (cf. subdo); in all senses construed with acc. and dat., or with acc. and sub and acc.; not with sub and abl. (v. Madvig. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 15, 48; cf. II. B. 2. infra).

In gen.: si parum habet lactis mater, ut subiciat (agnum) sub alterius mammam. Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 20:

manum ventri et sub femina (boum),

Col. 6, 2, 6: nonnulli inter carros rotasque mataras ac tragulas subiciebant, discharged their javelins and darts below, i. e. between the wagons and the wheels, Caes. B. G. 1, 26:

biremes, subjectis scutulis, subduxit,

id. B. C. 3, 40:

ligna et sarmenta circumdare ignemque circum subicere coeperunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69; cf.:

ignes tectis ac moenibus,

id. Cat. 3, 1, 2:

ignem,

id. Rab. Post. 6, 13; Auct. B. Afr. 87, 1; 91, 3; Ov. M. 1, 229 al.:

faces,

Cic. Mil. 35, 98; Vell. 2, 48, 3; Val. Max. 5, 5, 4:

bracchia pallae,

Ov. M. 3, 167:

eburnea collo Bracchia,

id. Am. 3, 7, 7:

scuto sinistram, Canitiem galeae,

id. Tr. 4, 1, 74:

laxiorem sinum sinistro bracchio,

Quint. 11, 3, 146:

umeros lecto,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 12:

pallium togae,

id. 2, 2, 2:

ova gallinis,

Plin. 18, 26, 62, § 231; 10, 59, 79, § 161:

cum tota se luna sub orbem solis subjecisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 16:

ossa subjecta corpori,

id. N. D. 2, 55, 139 et saep:

sub aspectum omnium rem subicit,

Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60:

res sub oculos,

Quint. 8, 6, 19:

aliquid oculis,

Cic. Or. 40, 139; Liv. 3, 69; Quint. 2, 18, 2:

oves sub umbriferas rupes,

to place near, close to, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 11:

castris legiones,

Caes. B. C. 3, 56:

aciem suam castris Scipionis,

id. ib. 3, 37:

se iniquis locis,

id. ib. 3, 85:

terram ferro,

to throw up with the share, to plough up, Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45 Moser N. cr.: corpora saltu Subiciunt in equos, throw up, i. e. mount, Verg. A. 12, 288:

pavidum regem in equum,

to set, Liv. 31, 37:

me e postremo in tertium locum esse subjectum,

have been brought, Cic. Toga Cand. Fragm. p. 522 Orell.: copias integras vulneratis defessisque subiciebat, i. e. put in the place of, substituted, Auct. B. Alex. 26, 2.—Hence ( poet.): se subicere, to mount, grow:

quantum vere novo viridis se subicit alnus,

shoots up, Verg. E. 10, 74:

laurus Parva sub ingenti matris se subicit umbrā,

id. G. 2, 19 Forbig. ad loc.—

In partic.

To hand to, supply:

cum ei libellum malus poëta de populo subjecisset,

Cic. Arch. 10, 25:

ipse manu subicit gladios ac tela ministrat,

Luc. 7, 574.—

To substitute false for true; to forge, counterfeit (syn.:

suppono, substituo): testamenta,

Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 7:

testamentum mariti,

Quint. 9, 2, 73:

locupleti falsum testamentum,

Val. Max. 9, 4, 1:

partum,

Dig. 25, 4, 1 fin.:

falsum aliquid,

Quint. 12, 3, 3:

aes pro auro in pignore dando,

Dig. 13, 7, 36:

fratrem suum,

Just. 1, 9.—

To suborn:

subicitur L. Metellus ab inimicis Caesaris, qui hanc rem distrahat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 33:

testes frequenter subici ab adversario solent,

Quint. 5, 7, 12:

suspitione subjecti petitoris non carebit,

id. 4, 2, 96.

Trop.

In gen.

To submit, subject:

ea quae sub sensus subjecta sunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:

res, quae subjectae sunt sensibus,

id. Fin. 5, 12, 36; id. Ac. 1, 8, 31:

cogitationi aliquid subicere,

submit, id. Clu. 2, 6; Quint. 5, 12, 13;

ait (Epicurus), eos neque intellegere neque videre, sub hanc vocem honestatis quae sit subicienda sententia,

i. e. what meaning is to be attributed to it, Cic. Fin. 2, 15, 48 B. and K.; Madvig. ad loc.; cf.:

huic verbo (voluptas) omnes qui Latine sciunt duas res subiciunt, laetitiam in animo, commotionem suavem jucunditatis in corpore,

id. ib. 2, 4, 13:

dico eum non intellegere interdum, quid sonet haec vox voluptatis, id est, quae res huic voci subiciatur,

id. ib. 2, 2, 6; cf.: quaeritur, quae res ei (nomini) subicienda sit, Quint. 7, 3, 4.—

To substitute:

mutata, in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud, quod idem significet,

Cic. Or. 27, 92; so Quint. 3, 6, 28:

aliud pro eo, quod neges,

id. 6, 3, 74 et saep.—

In partic.

Pregn., to place under, to make subject, to subject:

subiciunt se homines imperio alterius et potestati,

i. e. submit, Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22; cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 1:

exteras gentes servitio,

Liv. 26, 49:

Albius et Atrius quibus vos subjecistis,

id. 28, 28, 9:

ut alter alterius imperio subiceretur,

id. 28, 21, 9:

gentem suam dicioni nostrae,

Tac. A. 13, 55; Curt. 8, 1, 37; cf.:

Gallia securibus subjecta,

Caes. B. G. 7, 77:

omnia praeter eam (virtutem) subjecta, sunt sub fortunae dominationem,

Auct. Her. 4, 17, 24:

nos sub eorum potestatem,

id. 2, 31, 50:

matribus familias sub hostilem libidinem subjectis,

id. 4, 8, 12:

sub aspectus omnium rem subjecit,

id. 4, 47, 60; cf.:

deos penatis subjectos esse libidini tribuniciae,

Cic. Dom. 40, 106:

populum senatui,

Val. Max. 8, 9, 1:

si virtus subjecta sub varios incertosque casus famula fortunae est,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 1, 2:

id quod sub eam vim subjectum est,

id. Top. 15, 58:

cujus victus vestitusque necessarius sub praeconem subjectus est,

id. Quint. 15, 49 B. and K.:

bona civium voci praeconis,

id. Off. 2, 23. 83;

for which, simply reliquias spectaculorum,

to expose for sale, Suet. Calig. 38; so,

delatores,

id. Tit. 8:

hiemi navigationem,

to subject, expose, Caes. B. G. 4, 36:

domum periculo,

Quint. 7, 1, 53:

scelus fraudemque nocentis odio civium,

Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

fortunas innocentium fictis auditionibus,

id. Planc. 23, 56:

aliquid calumniae,

Liv. 38, 48.—

To subject or subordinate a particular to a general, to range or treat it under, append it to, etc.; in the pass., to be ranged under or comprised in any thing:

quattuor partes, quae subiciuntur sub vocabulum recti,

Auct. Her. 3, 4, 7 B. and K.:

unum quodque genus exemplorum sub singulos artis locos subicere,

id. 4, 2, 3; cf. with dat.:

formarum certus est numerus, quae cuique generi subiciantur,

Cic. Top. 8, 33:

qui vocabulum sive appellationem nomini subjecerunt tamquam speciem ejus,

Quint. 1, 4, 20; cf.:

sub metum subjecta sunt pigritia, pudor, terror, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 16; 4, 8, 19; Quint. 3, 5, 1:

fas, justum, etc.... subici possunt honestati,

id. 3, 8, 26:

dicere apte plerique ornatui subiciunt,

id. 1, 5, 1 et saep.—

To place under in succession or order, in speaking or writing, i. e. to place after, let follow, affix, annex, append, subjoin (cf.:

addo, adicio): post orationis figuras tertium quendam subjecit locum,

Quint. 9, 1, 36:

longis (litteris) breves subicere,

id. 9, 4, 34:

B litterae absonam et ipsam S subiciendo,

id. 12, 10, 32:

narrationem prooemio,

id. 4, 2, 24; cf. id. 5, 13, 59:

cur sic opinetur, rationem subicit,

adds, subjoins, Cic. Div. 2, 50, 104:

quod subicit, Pompeianos esse a Sullā impulsos, etc.,

id. Sull. 21, 60:

a quibusdam senatoribus subjectum est,

Liv. 29, 15, 1:

subicit Scrofa: De formā culturae hoc dico, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 2:

non exspectare responsum et statim subicere, etc.,

Quint. 9, 2, 15:

edicto subjecisti, quid in utrumque vestrum esset impensum,

Plin. Pan. 20, 5 et saep.:

vix pauca furenti Subicio,

i. e. answer, reply, Verg. A. 3, 314.—

To comprehend under, collect or embrace in:

per quam res disperse et diffuse dictae unum sub aspectum subiciuntur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 98.—

To bring forward, propose, adduce; to bring to mind, prompt, suggest, etc.:

si meministi id, quod olim dictum est, subice,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 40 Ruhnk.; cf.:

cupio mihi ab illo subici, si quid forte praetereo,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25:

subiciens, quid dicerem,

id. Fl. 22, 53:

quae dolor querentibus subicit,

Liv. 3, 48; 45, 18:

nec tibi subiciet carmina serus amor,

Prop. 1, 7, 20:

spes est Peliā subjecta creatis,

Ov. M. 7, 304.—Hence, sub-jectus, a, um, P. a.

Of places, lying under or near, bordering upon, neighboring, adjacent:

alter (cingulus terrae) subjectus aquiloni,

Cic. Rep. 6, 20:

Heraclea, quae est subjecta Candaviae,

Caes. B. C. 3, 79:

Ossa,

Ov. M. 1, 155:

rivus castris Scipionis subjectus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 37:

subjectus viae campus,

Liv. 2, 38: Armenia subjecta suo regno (opp. Cappadocia longius remota), Auct. B. Alex. 35, 2; 28, 3: genae deinde ab inferiore parte tutantur subjectae, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 143.—

(Acc. to II. B. 1.) Subjected, subject:

si quidem Ea (natura deorum) subjecta est ei necessitati,

Cic. N. D. 2, 30, 77:

servitio,

Liv. 26, 49, 8:

subjectior in diem et horam Invidiae,

exposed, Hor. S. 2, 6, 47:

ancipiti fortunae,

Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 2:

species, quae sunt generi subjectae,

subordinate, Quint. 5, 10, 57:

tum neque subjectus solito nec blandior esto,

submissive, Ov. A. A. 2, 411; cf.:

parcere subjectis et debellare superbos,

Verg. A. 6, 853.— Subst.: sub-jectus, i, m., an inferior, subject:

(vilicus), qui, quid aut qualiter faciendum sit, ab subjecto discit,

Col. 1, 2, 4; 11, 1, 25:

Mithridates ab omnibus subjectis singula exquirens, etc.,

Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 7.—

In the later philos. and gram. lang.: subjec-tum, i, n. (sc. verbum), that which is spoken of, the foundation or subject of a proposition:

omne quicquid dicimus aut subjectum est aut de subjecto aut in subjecto est. Subjectum est prima substantia, quod ipsum nulli accidit alii inseparabiliter, etc.,

Mart. Cap. 4, § 361; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 34, 4 et saep.—

* Adv.: subjectē (cf. B. supra), humbly, submissively:

haec quam potest demississime et subjectissime exponit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 84 fin.

tĕnē̆brae, ārum (collat. form tĕnē̆bra, ae, Lampr. Commod. 16; App. M. 5, p. 167, 25), f. [akin to Sanscr. tamisra, dark; cf. timere], darkness (stronger than obscuritas, and weaker than caligo; freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

veluti pueri omnia caecis In tenebris metuant,

Lucr. 2, 56:

tempestas atque tenebrae Coperiunt maria ac terras,

id. 6, 491:

cum obscurato sole tenebrae factae essent repente,

Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25; cf.:

nos tenebras cogitemus tantas, quantae, etc.,

id. N. D. 2, 38, 96:

tetrae tenebrae et caligo,

id. Agr. 2, 17, 44;

v. caligo: tenebras et solitudinem nacti,

id. Fin. 3, 11, 38:

incultu, tenebris, odore foeda atque terribilis ejus (Tulliani) facies est,

Sall. C. 55, 4:

ipsis noctis tenebris,

Quint. 10, 6, 1:

obtentā densantur nocte tenebrae,

Verg. G. 1, 248:

neve velit (Sol) tenebras inducere rebus,

Ov. M. 2, 395:

tacitae,

Sen. Med. 114. —

In partic.

The darkness of night, night:

redire luce, non tenebris,

Cic. Phil. 2, 30, 76:

classem in statione usque ad noctem tenuit: primis tenebris movit,

Liv. 31, 23, 4:

somnus qui faciat breves tenebras,

Mart. 10, 47, 11:

tenebris,

during the night, Tib. 1, 6, 59; 2, 1, 76; Ov. Am. 1, 6, 10:

tenebris obortis,

Nep. Eum. 9, 5:

per tenebras,

Luc. 2, 686:

(me) videt pulsis Aurora tenebris,

Ov. M. 7, 703:

effulget tenebris Aurora fugatis,

id. ib. 2, 144.—

The darkness or dimness of a swoon, a swoon:

tenebrae oboriuntur, genua inedia succidunt,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 30; Verg. A. 11, 824; Ov. M. 2, 181; 12, 136; id. Tr. 1, 3, 91; id. H. 13, 23; Luc. 3, 735; Plin. 7, 6, 5, § 41.—

The darkness of death, death-shades ( poet. and rare):

juro, Me tibi ad extremas mansuram tenebras,

Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 17; cf.:

(urbes) ad Erebi profundos hiatus abactae, aeternis tenebris occultantur,

Amm. 17, 7, 13; cf. also in a play upon this signif. and that of B. 1.: certum'st mihi ante tenebras (i. e. noctem) tenebras (i. e. mortem) persequi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 88.—

Blindness ( poet. and very rare):

occidit extemplo lumen tenebraeque sequuntur,

Lucr. 3, 415:

tenebras et cladem lucis ademptae Obicit,

Ov. M. 3, 515; 3, 525; Stat. Th. 4, 407. —

Transf., concr., a dark, gloomy place.

A dark bathing-place:

Grylli,

Mart. 2, 14, 13 (cf. id. 1, 60, 3).—

A prison, dungeon:

clausi in tenebris, cum maerore et luctu morte graviorem vitam exigunt,

Sall. J. 14, 15: in atras et profundas tenebras eum claudebant, Tubero ap. Gell. 6, 4, 3. —

Lurking-places, haunts:

emersus ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum ac stuprorum,

Cic. Sest. 9, 20:

demonstres, ubi sint tuae tenebrae,

Cat. 55, 2.—

Dark or poor lodgings:

quanti nunc tenebras unum conducis in annum,

Juv. 3, 225. —

The infernal regions:

tenebrae malae Orci,

Cat. 3, 13:

infernae,

Verg. A. 7, 325; Hor. C. 4, 7, 25:

Stygiae,

Verg. G. 3, 551:

quid Styga, quid tenebras timetis?

Ov. M. 15, 154.—

Trop., darkness, gloom, obscurity of the mind, of fame, of fortune, fate, etc. (class.):

isti tantis offusis tenebris ne scintillam quidem ullam nobis ad dispiciendum reliquerunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 61:

obducere tenebras rebus clarissimis,

id. ib. 2, 6, 16; cf.:

omnibus fulgore quodam suae claritatis tenebras obduxit,

Quint. 10, 1, 72: quas tu mihi tenebras cudis? what darkness are you raising about me? i. e. what trick are you playing me? Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 40:

tenebras dispulit calumniae,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 42:

quae jacerent omnia in tenebris, nisi litterarum lumen accederet,

obscurity, concealment, Cic. Arch. 6, 14:

vestram familiam abjectam et obscuram e tenebris in lucem evocavit,

id. Deiot. 11, 30; cf.: o tenebrae, o lutum, o sordes (Piso)! obscurity, i. e. low birth, baseness, id. Pis. 26, 62; id. Att. 7, 11, 1: vitae, gloomy fate or fortunes, Lucr. 2, 15:

qui tibi aestus, qui error, qui tenebrae erunt,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:

in illis rei publicae tenebris caecisque nubibus et procellis,

id. Dom. 10, 24:

ex superioris anni caligine et tenebris lucem in re publicā dispicere,

id. Red. in Sen. 3, 5:

si quid tenebrarum offudit exilium,

id. Tusc. 3, 34, 82:

tamquam si offusa rei publicae sempiterna nox esset, ita ruebant in tenebris omniaque miscebant,

id. Rosc. Am. 32, 91.

tĕnē̆brae, ārum (collat. form tĕnē̆bra, ae, Lampr. Commod. 16; App. M. 5, p. 167, 25), f. [akin to Sanscr. tamisra, dark; cf. timere], darkness (stronger than obscuritas, and weaker than caligo; freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

veluti pueri omnia caecis In tenebris metuant,

Lucr. 2, 56:

tempestas atque tenebrae Coperiunt maria ac terras,

id. 6, 491:

cum obscurato sole tenebrae factae essent repente,

Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25; cf.:

nos tenebras cogitemus tantas, quantae, etc.,

id. N. D. 2, 38, 96:

tetrae tenebrae et caligo,

id. Agr. 2, 17, 44;

v. caligo: tenebras et solitudinem nacti,

id. Fin. 3, 11, 38:

incultu, tenebris, odore foeda atque terribilis ejus (Tulliani) facies est,

Sall. C. 55, 4:

ipsis noctis tenebris,

Quint. 10, 6, 1:

obtentā densantur nocte tenebrae,

Verg. G. 1, 248:

neve velit (Sol) tenebras inducere rebus,

Ov. M. 2, 395:

tacitae,

Sen. Med. 114. —

In partic.

The darkness of night, night:

redire luce, non tenebris,

Cic. Phil. 2, 30, 76:

classem in statione usque ad noctem tenuit: primis tenebris movit,

Liv. 31, 23, 4:

somnus qui faciat breves tenebras,

Mart. 10, 47, 11:

tenebris,

during the night, Tib. 1, 6, 59; 2, 1, 76; Ov. Am. 1, 6, 10:

tenebris obortis,

Nep. Eum. 9, 5:

per tenebras,

Luc. 2, 686:

(me) videt pulsis Aurora tenebris,

Ov. M. 7, 703:

effulget tenebris Aurora fugatis,

id. ib. 2, 144.—

The darkness or dimness of a swoon, a swoon:

tenebrae oboriuntur, genua inedia succidunt,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 30; Verg. A. 11, 824; Ov. M. 2, 181; 12, 136; id. Tr. 1, 3, 91; id. H. 13, 23; Luc. 3, 735; Plin. 7, 6, 5, § 41.—

The darkness of death, death-shades ( poet. and rare):

juro, Me tibi ad extremas mansuram tenebras,

Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 17; cf.:

(urbes) ad Erebi profundos hiatus abactae, aeternis tenebris occultantur,

Amm. 17, 7, 13; cf. also in a play upon this signif. and that of B. 1.: certum'st mihi ante tenebras (i. e. noctem) tenebras (i. e. mortem) persequi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 88.—

Blindness ( poet. and very rare):

occidit extemplo lumen tenebraeque sequuntur,

Lucr. 3, 415:

tenebras et cladem lucis ademptae Obicit,

Ov. M. 3, 515; 3, 525; Stat. Th. 4, 407. —

Transf., concr., a dark, gloomy place.

A dark bathing-place:

Grylli,

Mart. 2, 14, 13 (cf. id. 1, 60, 3).—

A prison, dungeon:

clausi in tenebris, cum maerore et luctu morte graviorem vitam exigunt,

Sall. J. 14, 15: in atras et profundas tenebras eum claudebant, Tubero ap. Gell. 6, 4, 3. —

Lurking-places, haunts:

emersus ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum ac stuprorum,

Cic. Sest. 9, 20:

demonstres, ubi sint tuae tenebrae,

Cat. 55, 2.—

Dark or poor lodgings:

quanti nunc tenebras unum conducis in annum,

Juv. 3, 225. —

The infernal regions:

tenebrae malae Orci,

Cat. 3, 13:

infernae,

Verg. A. 7, 325; Hor. C. 4, 7, 25:

Stygiae,

Verg. G. 3, 551:

quid Styga, quid tenebras timetis?

Ov. M. 15, 154.—

Trop., darkness, gloom, obscurity of the mind, of fame, of fortune, fate, etc. (class.):

isti tantis offusis tenebris ne scintillam quidem ullam nobis ad dispiciendum reliquerunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 61:

obducere tenebras rebus clarissimis,

id. ib. 2, 6, 16; cf.:

omnibus fulgore quodam suae claritatis tenebras obduxit,

Quint. 10, 1, 72: quas tu mihi tenebras cudis? what darkness are you raising about me? i. e. what trick are you playing me? Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 40:

tenebras dispulit calumniae,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 42:

quae jacerent omnia in tenebris, nisi litterarum lumen accederet,

obscurity, concealment, Cic. Arch. 6, 14:

vestram familiam abjectam et obscuram e tenebris in lucem evocavit,

id. Deiot. 11, 30; cf.: o tenebrae, o lutum, o sordes (Piso)! obscurity, i. e. low birth, baseness, id. Pis. 26, 62; id. Att. 7, 11, 1: vitae, gloomy fate or fortunes, Lucr. 2, 15:

qui tibi aestus, qui error, qui tenebrae erunt,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:

in illis rei publicae tenebris caecisque nubibus et procellis,

id. Dom. 10, 24:

ex superioris anni caligine et tenebris lucem in re publicā dispicere,

id. Red. in Sen. 3, 5:

si quid tenebrarum offudit exilium,

id. Tusc. 3, 34, 82:

tamquam si offusa rei publicae sempiterna nox esset, ita ruebant in tenebris omniaque miscebant,

id. Rosc. Am. 32, 91.

turpis, e, adj. [Sanscr. root tarp-, to be ashamed], ugly, unsightly, unseemly, foul, filthy (class.; esp. freq. in a trop. sense; syn.: taeter, foedus, deformis, obscaenus, immundus).

Lit.:

aspectus deformis atque turpis,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 126; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 125:

ornatus,

id. ib. 1, 2, 94; cf.

infra, II.: vestitus,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 57:

colores foedā specie,

Lucr. 2, 421:

pes,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 102:

podex,

id. Epod. 8, 5:

rana,

id. ib. 5, 19:

pecus,

id. S. 1, 3, 100:

viri morbo,

deformed, disfigured, id. C. 1, 37, 9:

macies,

id. ib. 3, 27, 53:

scabies,

Verg. G. 3, 441:

podagrae,

id. ib. 3, 299:

udo membra flmo,

i. e. befouled, id. A. 5, 358; cf.

toral,

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 22; Mart. 7, 36, 5; 8, 79, 2.— Sup.: simia quam similis turpissima bestia nobis, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97 (Sat. v. 45 Vahl.)—

Transf., of sound, disagreeable, cacophonous:

si etiam abfugit turpe visum est,

Cic. Or. 47, 158.—

Trop., unseemly, shameful, disgraceful, base, infamous, scandalous, dishonorable (syn.:

inhonestus, impurus, sordidus, indecorus): pulchrum ornatum turpes mores pejus caeno collinunt,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 133:

verbum,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 19:

cum esset proposita aut fuga turpis aut gloriosa mors,

Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97:

mors honesta saepe vitam quoque turpem exornat, at vita turpis saepe ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,

id. Quint. 15, 49:

adulescentia,

id. Font. 15, 34:

causam,

Auct. Her. 1, 6, 9:

causa,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20:

luxuria cum omni aetati turpis, tum senectuti foedissima est,

Cic. Off. 1, 34, 123:

si enim disserunt, nihil esse obscenum, nihil turpe dictu,

id. Fam. 9, 22, 1:

neque rogemus res turpes, nec faciamus rogati,

id. Lael. 12, 40:

formido mortis,

id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

pars ingentem formidine turpi Scandunt equum,

Verg. A. 2, 400:

repulsa,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 43:

turpem senectam Degere,

id. C. 1, 31, 19:

adulter,

id. ib. 1, 33, 9:

meretricis amor,

id. S. 1, 4, 111:

non turpis ad te, sed miser confugit,

Cic. Quint. 31, 98; id. Att. 5, 11, 5:

prodis ex judice Dama Turpis,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 55:

sub dominā meretrice turpis,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 25:

Egestas,

Verg. A. 6, 276:

facta,

Quint. 1, 2, 2:

fama,

Tac. A. 12, 49:

nihil turpe est, cujus placet pretium,

Sen. Ep. 95, 33:

luxus,

Juv. 6, 298:

fames,

Flor. 4, 5, 3:

foedus,

Val. Max. 1, 6, 7:

metus,

id. 2, 9, 8.— Comp.:

quid hoc turpius? quid foedius?

Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 86:

quid est autem nequius aut turpius effeminato viro?

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 36:

nihil est turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere, quocum familiariter vixeris,

id. Lael. 21, 77; 26, 99; Caes. B. G. 4, 2.— Sup.:

homo turpissimus atque inhonestissimus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 50:

iste omnium turpissimus et sordidissimus,

id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

turpissima fuga,

Caes. B. C. 2, 31: turpissimus calumniae quaestus, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 226:

quod quidem mihi videtur esse turpissimum,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12.—

As subst.: turpĕ, is, n., a base or shameful thing, a disgrace, shame, reproach:

nec honesto quicquam honestius, nec turpi turpius,

Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75: turpe senex miles, turpe senilis amor. Ov. Am. 1, 9, 4: honesta et turpia virtutis ac malitiae societas efficit, Sen. Ep. 31, 5.— Adv. ( poet.):

turpe incedere,

in an unsightly manner, unbecomingly, Cat. 42, 8:

gemens,

Stat. Th. 3, 334.—

Turpe est, or simply turpe, with a subj.-clause:

habere quaestui rem publicam, non modo turpe est, sed sceleratum etiam et nefarium,

Cic. Off. 2, 22, 77:

quod facere non turpe est, modo, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 35, 127:

benevolentiam adsentando colligere turpe est,

id. Lael. 17, 61:

quid autem turpius quam illudi?

id. ib. 26, 99; cf. id. ib. 21, 77:

turpe erit, ingenium mitius esse feris,

Ov. Am. 1, 10, 26; cf.:

turpe ducet cedere pari,

Quint. 1, 2, 22.— Hence, adv.: turpĭter, in an ugly or unsightly manner.

Lit. (so rare):

ut turpiter atrum Desinat in piscem mulier formosa superne,

Hor. A. P. 3:

claudicare,

Ov. Am. 2, 17, 20.—

Trop., in an unseemly manner, basely, shamefully, dishonorably (class.):

turpiter et nequiter facere aliquid,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 36;

unum illud extimescebam, ne quid turpiter facerem,

id. Att. 9, 7, 1:

turpiter se in castra recipere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 20:

me turpiter hodie hic dabo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 24; id. Hec. 4, 4, 2; Cic. Att. 6, 3, 9; 7, 2, 7; id. Mil. 4, 9; Caes. B. G. 7, 80; id. B. C. 3, 24; Auct. B. G. 8, 13; Hor. A. P. 284; Ov. M. 4, 187; Phaedr. 1, 25, 2; Val. Max. 2, 7, 15.— Comp., Ov. Tr. 5, 6, 13.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29; Sen. Ep. 82, 12.

turpis, e, adj. [Sanscr. root tarp-, to be ashamed], ugly, unsightly, unseemly, foul, filthy (class.; esp. freq. in a trop. sense; syn.: taeter, foedus, deformis, obscaenus, immundus).

Lit.:

aspectus deformis atque turpis,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 126; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 125:

ornatus,

id. ib. 1, 2, 94; cf.

infra, II.: vestitus,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 57:

colores foedā specie,

Lucr. 2, 421:

pes,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 102:

podex,

id. Epod. 8, 5:

rana,

id. ib. 5, 19:

pecus,

id. S. 1, 3, 100:

viri morbo,

deformed, disfigured, id. C. 1, 37, 9:

macies,

id. ib. 3, 27, 53:

scabies,

Verg. G. 3, 441:

podagrae,

id. ib. 3, 299:

udo membra flmo,

i. e. befouled, id. A. 5, 358; cf.

toral,

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 22; Mart. 7, 36, 5; 8, 79, 2.— Sup.: simia quam similis turpissima bestia nobis, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97 (Sat. v. 45 Vahl.)—

Transf., of sound, disagreeable, cacophonous:

si etiam abfugit turpe visum est,

Cic. Or. 47, 158.—

Trop., unseemly, shameful, disgraceful, base, infamous, scandalous, dishonorable (syn.:

inhonestus, impurus, sordidus, indecorus): pulchrum ornatum turpes mores pejus caeno collinunt,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 133:

verbum,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 19:

cum esset proposita aut fuga turpis aut gloriosa mors,

Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97:

mors honesta saepe vitam quoque turpem exornat, at vita turpis saepe ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,

id. Quint. 15, 49:

adulescentia,

id. Font. 15, 34:

causam,

Auct. Her. 1, 6, 9:

causa,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20:

luxuria cum omni aetati turpis, tum senectuti foedissima est,

Cic. Off. 1, 34, 123:

si enim disserunt, nihil esse obscenum, nihil turpe dictu,

id. Fam. 9, 22, 1:

neque rogemus res turpes, nec faciamus rogati,

id. Lael. 12, 40:

formido mortis,

id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

pars ingentem formidine turpi Scandunt equum,

Verg. A. 2, 400:

repulsa,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 43:

turpem senectam Degere,

id. C. 1, 31, 19:

adulter,

id. ib. 1, 33, 9:

meretricis amor,

id. S. 1, 4, 111:

non turpis ad te, sed miser confugit,

Cic. Quint. 31, 98; id. Att. 5, 11, 5:

prodis ex judice Dama Turpis,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 55:

sub dominā meretrice turpis,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 25:

Egestas,

Verg. A. 6, 276:

facta,

Quint. 1, 2, 2:

fama,

Tac. A. 12, 49:

nihil turpe est, cujus placet pretium,

Sen. Ep. 95, 33:

luxus,

Juv. 6, 298:

fames,

Flor. 4, 5, 3:

foedus,

Val. Max. 1, 6, 7:

metus,

id. 2, 9, 8.— Comp.:

quid hoc turpius? quid foedius?

Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 86:

quid est autem nequius aut turpius effeminato viro?

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 36:

nihil est turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere, quocum familiariter vixeris,

id. Lael. 21, 77; 26, 99; Caes. B. G. 4, 2.— Sup.:

homo turpissimus atque inhonestissimus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 50:

iste omnium turpissimus et sordidissimus,

id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

turpissima fuga,

Caes. B. C. 2, 31: turpissimus calumniae quaestus, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 226:

quod quidem mihi videtur esse turpissimum,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12.—

As subst.: turpĕ, is, n., a base or shameful thing, a disgrace, shame, reproach:

nec honesto quicquam honestius, nec turpi turpius,

Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75: turpe senex miles, turpe senilis amor. Ov. Am. 1, 9, 4: honesta et turpia virtutis ac malitiae societas efficit, Sen. Ep. 31, 5.— Adv. ( poet.):

turpe incedere,

in an unsightly manner, unbecomingly, Cat. 42, 8:

gemens,

Stat. Th. 3, 334.—

Turpe est, or simply turpe, with a subj.-clause:

habere quaestui rem publicam, non modo turpe est, sed sceleratum etiam et nefarium,

Cic. Off. 2, 22, 77:

quod facere non turpe est, modo, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 35, 127:

benevolentiam adsentando colligere turpe est,

id. Lael. 17, 61:

quid autem turpius quam illudi?

id. ib. 26, 99; cf. id. ib. 21, 77:

turpe erit, ingenium mitius esse feris,

Ov. Am. 1, 10, 26; cf.:

turpe ducet cedere pari,

Quint. 1, 2, 22.— Hence, adv.: turpĭter, in an ugly or unsightly manner.

Lit. (so rare):

ut turpiter atrum Desinat in piscem mulier formosa superne,

Hor. A. P. 3:

claudicare,

Ov. Am. 2, 17, 20.—

Trop., in an unseemly manner, basely, shamefully, dishonorably (class.):

turpiter et nequiter facere aliquid,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 36;

unum illud extimescebam, ne quid turpiter facerem,

id. Att. 9, 7, 1:

turpiter se in castra recipere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 20:

me turpiter hodie hic dabo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 24; id. Hec. 4, 4, 2; Cic. Att. 6, 3, 9; 7, 2, 7; id. Mil. 4, 9; Caes. B. G. 7, 80; id. B. C. 3, 24; Auct. B. G. 8, 13; Hor. A. P. 284; Ov. M. 4, 187; Phaedr. 1, 25, 2; Val. Max. 2, 7, 15.— Comp., Ov. Tr. 5, 6, 13.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29; Sen. Ep. 82, 12.