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incoho

  • 1 incoho

    incoho, s. inchoo.

    lateinisch-deutsches > incoho

  • 2 incoho

    incoho, s. inchoo.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > incoho

  • 3 incohō or

        incohō or    (less correctly)

    Latin-English dictionary > incohō or

  • 4 incoho

    incoho (better than inchŏo, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 95; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 109; Cic. Rep. 1, 35 Mai.; 3, 2; Front. p. 154 Rom.; Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 363; Bramb. p. 291 sq.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [for in-coco; from in and Sanscr. root kuk-, to take, grasp].
    I.
    Act., to lay the foundation of a thing, to begin, commence (syn. incipere; opp. absolvere, perficere; class.).
    A.
    In gen.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    ut Phidias potest a primo instituere signum idque perficere, potest ab alio incohatum accipere et absolvere,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 13, 34; cf.:

    ut nemo pictor esset inventus, qui Coae Veneris eam partem, quam Apelles incohatam reliquisset, absolveret,

    id. Off. 3, 2, 9; 3, 7, 33:

    statuam,

    Quint. 2, 1, 12:

    res in animis nostris,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 16, 44:

    quas res nos in consulatu nostro gessimus, attigit hic versibus atque incohavit,

    id. Arch. 11, 28:

    philosophiam multis locis incohasti,

    id. Ac. 1, 3, 9:

    quod mihi nuper in Tusculano incohasti de oratoribus,

    id. Brut. 5, 20:

    quod hic liber incohat,

    Quint. 3, 1, 2:

    hanc materiam,

    id. 4 praef. §

    5: abrupto, quem incohaverat, sermone,

    id. 4, 3, 13:

    esse videatur octonarium incohat,

    id. 9, 4, 73:

    referamus nos igitur ad eum, quem volumus incohandum et eloquentia informandum,

    Cic. Or. 9, 33:

    Favonius ver incohans,

    Plin. 16, 25, 39, § 94:

    incohandae vindemiae dies,

    id. 11, 14, 14, § 35:

    pulcherrimum facinus,

    Curt. 6, 7:

    tum Stygio regi nocturnas incohat aras,

    i. e. begins to sacrifice, Verg. A. 6, 252:

    reges plures incohantur, ne desint,

    are chosen, Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 51.—
    (β).
    With inf.:

    quam si mens fieri proponit et incohat ipsa,

    Lucr. 3, 183; Luc. 10, 174; Pall. Dec. 2.—
    B.
    In partic., pregn. in the part. perf.: incŏhātus, a, um, only begun (opp. to finished, completed), unfinished, incomplete, imperfect (mostly Ciceron.):

    ne hanc incohatam transigam comoediam,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 8:

    qui exaedificaret suam incohatam ignaviam,

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 95:

    quae adulescentulis nobis ex commentariolis nostris incohata ac rudia exciderunt,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5:

    cognitio manca atque incohata,

    id. Off. 1, 43, 153:

    incohatum quiddam et confusum,

    id. Rep. 3, 2:

    rem tam praeclaram incohatam relinquere,

    id. N. D. 1, 20, 56; cf. id. Rep. 1, 35:

    perfecta anteponuntur incohatis,

    id. Top. 18, 69; cf.:

    hoc incohati cujusdam officii est, non perfecti,

    id. Fin. 4, 6, 15.—
    II.
    Neutr., to begin, commence, take a beginning.
    A.
    In gen. (post-class.):

    moris est, ut munus hujusmodi a proficiscentibus incohat,

    Symm. Ep. 7, 75:

    incohante mense,

    Pall. Febr. 25, 20 and 33.—
    * B.
    In partic., like infit, to begin to speak:

    post longa silentia rursus Incohat Ismene,

    Stat. Th. 8, 623. — Hence, incōhātē, adv., incipiently, incompletely, Aug. Gen. ad Lit. 6, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incoho

  • 5 incoho

    v. l. = inchoo

    Латинско-русский словарь > incoho

  • 6 incoho

    incohare, incohavi, incohatus V
    begin/start (work); set going, establish; draft/sketch/outline; enter upon

    Latin-English dictionary > incoho

  • 7 incoho

    incohare
    to begin, start upon, turn to, start

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > incoho

  • 8 incoho

    , incohavi, incohatum, incohare 1
      начинать; пытаться изложить

    Dictionary Latin-Russian new > incoho

  • 9 inchoo

    (incoho), āvī, ātum, āre
    1) начинать, класть начало, приступать (i. aliquid a principiis C)
    i. de aliqua re T — выступить с чем-л. ( в сенате)

    Латинско-русский словарь > inchoo

  • 10 incohate

    incoho (better than inchŏo, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 95; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 109; Cic. Rep. 1, 35 Mai.; 3, 2; Front. p. 154 Rom.; Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 363; Bramb. p. 291 sq.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [for in-coco; from in and Sanscr. root kuk-, to take, grasp].
    I.
    Act., to lay the foundation of a thing, to begin, commence (syn. incipere; opp. absolvere, perficere; class.).
    A.
    In gen.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    ut Phidias potest a primo instituere signum idque perficere, potest ab alio incohatum accipere et absolvere,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 13, 34; cf.:

    ut nemo pictor esset inventus, qui Coae Veneris eam partem, quam Apelles incohatam reliquisset, absolveret,

    id. Off. 3, 2, 9; 3, 7, 33:

    statuam,

    Quint. 2, 1, 12:

    res in animis nostris,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 16, 44:

    quas res nos in consulatu nostro gessimus, attigit hic versibus atque incohavit,

    id. Arch. 11, 28:

    philosophiam multis locis incohasti,

    id. Ac. 1, 3, 9:

    quod mihi nuper in Tusculano incohasti de oratoribus,

    id. Brut. 5, 20:

    quod hic liber incohat,

    Quint. 3, 1, 2:

    hanc materiam,

    id. 4 praef. §

    5: abrupto, quem incohaverat, sermone,

    id. 4, 3, 13:

    esse videatur octonarium incohat,

    id. 9, 4, 73:

    referamus nos igitur ad eum, quem volumus incohandum et eloquentia informandum,

    Cic. Or. 9, 33:

    Favonius ver incohans,

    Plin. 16, 25, 39, § 94:

    incohandae vindemiae dies,

    id. 11, 14, 14, § 35:

    pulcherrimum facinus,

    Curt. 6, 7:

    tum Stygio regi nocturnas incohat aras,

    i. e. begins to sacrifice, Verg. A. 6, 252:

    reges plures incohantur, ne desint,

    are chosen, Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 51.—
    (β).
    With inf.:

    quam si mens fieri proponit et incohat ipsa,

    Lucr. 3, 183; Luc. 10, 174; Pall. Dec. 2.—
    B.
    In partic., pregn. in the part. perf.: incŏhātus, a, um, only begun (opp. to finished, completed), unfinished, incomplete, imperfect (mostly Ciceron.):

    ne hanc incohatam transigam comoediam,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 8:

    qui exaedificaret suam incohatam ignaviam,

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 95:

    quae adulescentulis nobis ex commentariolis nostris incohata ac rudia exciderunt,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5:

    cognitio manca atque incohata,

    id. Off. 1, 43, 153:

    incohatum quiddam et confusum,

    id. Rep. 3, 2:

    rem tam praeclaram incohatam relinquere,

    id. N. D. 1, 20, 56; cf. id. Rep. 1, 35:

    perfecta anteponuntur incohatis,

    id. Top. 18, 69; cf.:

    hoc incohati cujusdam officii est, non perfecti,

    id. Fin. 4, 6, 15.—
    II.
    Neutr., to begin, commence, take a beginning.
    A.
    In gen. (post-class.):

    moris est, ut munus hujusmodi a proficiscentibus incohat,

    Symm. Ep. 7, 75:

    incohante mense,

    Pall. Febr. 25, 20 and 33.—
    * B.
    In partic., like infit, to begin to speak:

    post longa silentia rursus Incohat Ismene,

    Stat. Th. 8, 623. — Hence, incōhātē, adv., incipiently, incompletely, Aug. Gen. ad Lit. 6, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incohate

  • 11 incohatus

    incoho (better than inchŏo, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 95; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 109; Cic. Rep. 1, 35 Mai.; 3, 2; Front. p. 154 Rom.; Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 363; Bramb. p. 291 sq.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [for in-coco; from in and Sanscr. root kuk-, to take, grasp].
    I.
    Act., to lay the foundation of a thing, to begin, commence (syn. incipere; opp. absolvere, perficere; class.).
    A.
    In gen.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    ut Phidias potest a primo instituere signum idque perficere, potest ab alio incohatum accipere et absolvere,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 13, 34; cf.:

    ut nemo pictor esset inventus, qui Coae Veneris eam partem, quam Apelles incohatam reliquisset, absolveret,

    id. Off. 3, 2, 9; 3, 7, 33:

    statuam,

    Quint. 2, 1, 12:

    res in animis nostris,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 16, 44:

    quas res nos in consulatu nostro gessimus, attigit hic versibus atque incohavit,

    id. Arch. 11, 28:

    philosophiam multis locis incohasti,

    id. Ac. 1, 3, 9:

    quod mihi nuper in Tusculano incohasti de oratoribus,

    id. Brut. 5, 20:

    quod hic liber incohat,

    Quint. 3, 1, 2:

    hanc materiam,

    id. 4 praef. §

    5: abrupto, quem incohaverat, sermone,

    id. 4, 3, 13:

    esse videatur octonarium incohat,

    id. 9, 4, 73:

    referamus nos igitur ad eum, quem volumus incohandum et eloquentia informandum,

    Cic. Or. 9, 33:

    Favonius ver incohans,

    Plin. 16, 25, 39, § 94:

    incohandae vindemiae dies,

    id. 11, 14, 14, § 35:

    pulcherrimum facinus,

    Curt. 6, 7:

    tum Stygio regi nocturnas incohat aras,

    i. e. begins to sacrifice, Verg. A. 6, 252:

    reges plures incohantur, ne desint,

    are chosen, Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 51.—
    (β).
    With inf.:

    quam si mens fieri proponit et incohat ipsa,

    Lucr. 3, 183; Luc. 10, 174; Pall. Dec. 2.—
    B.
    In partic., pregn. in the part. perf.: incŏhātus, a, um, only begun (opp. to finished, completed), unfinished, incomplete, imperfect (mostly Ciceron.):

    ne hanc incohatam transigam comoediam,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 8:

    qui exaedificaret suam incohatam ignaviam,

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 95:

    quae adulescentulis nobis ex commentariolis nostris incohata ac rudia exciderunt,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5:

    cognitio manca atque incohata,

    id. Off. 1, 43, 153:

    incohatum quiddam et confusum,

    id. Rep. 3, 2:

    rem tam praeclaram incohatam relinquere,

    id. N. D. 1, 20, 56; cf. id. Rep. 1, 35:

    perfecta anteponuntur incohatis,

    id. Top. 18, 69; cf.:

    hoc incohati cujusdam officii est, non perfecti,

    id. Fin. 4, 6, 15.—
    II.
    Neutr., to begin, commence, take a beginning.
    A.
    In gen. (post-class.):

    moris est, ut munus hujusmodi a proficiscentibus incohat,

    Symm. Ep. 7, 75:

    incohante mense,

    Pall. Febr. 25, 20 and 33.—
    * B.
    In partic., like infit, to begin to speak:

    post longa silentia rursus Incohat Ismene,

    Stat. Th. 8, 623. — Hence, incōhātē, adv., incipiently, incompletely, Aug. Gen. ad Lit. 6, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incohatus

  • 12 inchoo

    (incoho), inchoavi, inchoatum, inchoare 1
      начинать(ся), класть начало, приступать

    Dictionary Latin-Russian new > inchoo

  • 13 inchoo

    inchoo (in den besten Hdschrn. auch incoho), āvī, ātum, āre, etw. anlegen, anfangen, beginnen, antreten, einleiten, worauf nachher fortgebaut, fortgearbeitet, was nachher fortgesetzt werden kann (Ggstz. perficere, peragere, ad exitum perducere, absolvere, consummare), I) tr.: A) im allg.: α) m. Acc.: a principiis mundum, Cic.: novum delubrum, Cic.: templum inchoatum pro magnitudine dei, dessen Anlage der Gr. des G. entspricht, Liv.: signum, Cic.: hominem (v. der Natur), Cic.: res, quas (communis intellegentia) in animis nostris inchoavit, wozu sie den Grund gelegt hat, Cic.: scherzh., exaedificare inchoatam ignaviam, den Anfang des Lasters fortbauen, Plaut. – cum aut inchoatur luna aut impletur, Tac.: Favonius ver inchoans, Plin.: inch. vindemiam, Plin.: inch. annum, antreten, Tac.: u. so sextum officii annum, Tac. – inch. sermonem, Sen. u. Quint.: pulcherrimum facinus ab alqo, Curt.: inchoata initia (belli) a Philippo, der Krieg wurde eingeleitet durch Ph., Liv.: inch. mentionem affinitatis, vorläufig zur Sprache bringen (Ggstz. rem consummare), Liv.: plures reges, im voraus bestimmen, Plin.: aras nocturnas, auf n. A. zu opfern beginnen, Verg. – β) m. folg. Infin., Lucr. 3, 183. Lucan. 10, 173. Pallad. 13, 2. – γ) Partic. Perf. subst., ab inchoato (von Grund aus) exstruere domum, Colum., scholam, Inscr. – B) insbes.: 1) durch eine Darstellung etw. zu begründen suchen, etw. zu beschreiben-, darzustellen-, zu schildern versuchen, etw. einleiten, philosophiam (das Studium der Ph.) multis locis, Cic.: res attingere versibus his atque inchoare, Cic.: quod mihi inchoasti de oratoribus, Cic.: quod hic liber inchoat, Quint. – 2) im Senate den Antrag stellen, es zur Sprache bringen, inchoante Caesare de etc., Tac.: inchoantibus primoribus, Tac. – 3) beginnen, prägn. = zu reden anfangen, rursus inchoat Ismene, Stat. Theb. 8, 623. – 4) Partic. Perf. inchoātus, a, um, prägn. nur angefangen = unvollendet, unvollkommen, mangelhaft (Ggstz. perfectus), cognitio, officium, Cic.: inauditiunculae rudes inchoataeque, Gell.: verba inchoata et incondita, Gell. – neutr. Plur. subst., perfecta anteponuntur inchoatis, Cic. – II) intr. beginnen, anfangen, den Anfang nehmen, inchoante mense, Pallad.: ut munus inchoet ab etc., Sidon. – / Über die Formen inchoo u. incoho s. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 344.

    lateinisch-deutsches > inchoo

  • 14 inchoo

    inchŏo (incŏho), āre, āvi, ātum - tr. - [st2]1 [-] commencer, se mettre à faire, entreprendre.    - quod mihi inchoavisti de oratoribus, Cic. Br. 20: l'exposé que tu as commencé pour moi sur les orateurs.    - referamus nos ad eum quem volumus inchoandum, Cic.: remettons-nous à entreprendre le portrait de notre orateur idéal.    - post longa silentia rursus incohat Ismene, Stat. Th. 8, 623: après un long silence Ismène reprend la parole.    - plures reges inchoare, Plin.: désigner d'avance plusieurs rois.    - aras nocturnas inchoare, Virg.: commencer à offrir un sacrifice nocturne.    - inchoatus: - [abcl]a - commencé, entrepris. - [abcl]b - incomplet, imparfait, inachevé, ébauché.    - inchoata cognitio, Cic.: connaissance incomplète.    - inchoata, orum, n.: Cic. ébauches.
    * * *
    inchŏo (incŏho), āre, āvi, ātum - tr. - [st2]1 [-] commencer, se mettre à faire, entreprendre.    - quod mihi inchoavisti de oratoribus, Cic. Br. 20: l'exposé que tu as commencé pour moi sur les orateurs.    - referamus nos ad eum quem volumus inchoandum, Cic.: remettons-nous à entreprendre le portrait de notre orateur idéal.    - post longa silentia rursus incohat Ismene, Stat. Th. 8, 623: après un long silence Ismène reprend la parole.    - plures reges inchoare, Plin.: désigner d'avance plusieurs rois.    - aras nocturnas inchoare, Virg.: commencer à offrir un sacrifice nocturne.    - inchoatus: - [abcl]a - commencé, entrepris. - [abcl]b - incomplet, imparfait, inachevé, ébauché.    - inchoata cognitio, Cic.: connaissance incomplète.    - inchoata, orum, n.: Cic. ébauches.
    * * *
        Inchoo, inchoas, inchoare. Virgil. Commencer, Encommencer.
    \
        Inchoata atque rudia pueris exciderunt. Cic. Imparfaicts.
    \
        Mancum atque inchoatum. Cic. Imparfaict.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > inchoo

  • 15 inchoo

    inchoo (in den besten Hdschrn. auch incoho), āvī, ātum, āre, etw. anlegen, anfangen, beginnen, antreten, einleiten, worauf nachher fortgebaut, fortgearbeitet, was nachher fortgesetzt werden kann (Ggstz. perficere, peragere, ad exitum perducere, absolvere, consummare), I) tr.: A) im allg.: α) m. Acc.: a principiis mundum, Cic.: novum delubrum, Cic.: templum inchoatum pro magnitudine dei, dessen Anlage der Gr. des G. entspricht, Liv.: signum, Cic.: hominem (v. der Natur), Cic.: res, quas (communis intellegentia) in animis nostris inchoavit, wozu sie den Grund gelegt hat, Cic.: scherzh., exaedificare inchoatam ignaviam, den Anfang des Lasters fortbauen, Plaut. – cum aut inchoatur luna aut impletur, Tac.: Favonius ver inchoans, Plin.: inch. vindemiam, Plin.: inch. annum, antreten, Tac.: u. so sextum officii annum, Tac. – inch. sermonem, Sen. u. Quint.: pulcherrimum facinus ab alqo, Curt.: inchoata initia (belli) a Philippo, der Krieg wurde eingeleitet durch Ph., Liv.: inch. mentionem affinitatis, vorläufig zur Sprache bringen (Ggstz. rem consummare), Liv.: plures reges, im voraus bestimmen, Plin.: aras nocturnas, auf n. A. zu opfern beginnen, Verg. – β) m. folg. Infin., Lucr. 3, 183. Lucan. 10, 173. Pallad. 13, 2. – γ) Partic. Perf. subst., ab inchoato (von Grund aus) exstruere domum, Colum., scholam, Inscr. – B) insbes.: 1)
    ————
    durch eine Darstellung etw. zu begründen suchen, etw. zu beschreiben-, darzustellen-, zu schildern versuchen, etw. einleiten, philosophiam (das Studium der Ph.) multis locis, Cic.: res attingere versibus his atque inchoare, Cic.: quod mihi inchoasti de oratoribus, Cic.: quod hic liber inchoat, Quint. – 2) im Senate den Antrag stellen, es zur Sprache bringen, inchoante Caesare de etc., Tac.: inchoantibus primoribus, Tac. – 3) beginnen, prägn. = zu reden anfangen, rursus inchoat Ismene, Stat. Theb. 8, 623. – 4) Partic. Perf. inchoātus, a, um, prägn. nur angefangen = unvollendet, unvollkommen, mangelhaft (Ggstz. perfectus), cognitio, officium, Cic.: inauditiunculae rudes inchoataeque, Gell.: verba inchoata et incondita, Gell. – neutr. Plur. subst., perfecta anteponuntur inchoatis, Cic. – II) intr. beginnen, anfangen, den Anfang nehmen, inchoante mense, Pallad.: ut munus inchoet ab etc., Sidon. – ⇒ Über die Formen inchoo u. incoho s. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 344.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > inchoo

  • 16 (inchoō）

       (inchoō）    see incoho.

    Latin-English dictionary > (inchoō）

  • 17 incohātus

        incohātus adj.    [P. of incoho], begun, unfinished, incomplete, imperfect: Veneris partem, quam Apelles incohatam reliquisset, absolvere: rem tam praeclaram incohatam relinquere.

    Latin-English dictionary > incohātus

  • 18 C

    C, c, n. indecl., or f., the third letter of the Latin alphabet; corresponded originally in sound to the Greek G (which in inscrr., esp. in the Doric, was frequently written like the Latin C; v. O. Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 295); hence the old orthography: LECIONES, MACISTRATOS, EXFOCIONT, [pu]CNANDOD, PVC[nad], CARTACINIENSI, upon the Columna rostrata, for legiones, magistratos, effugiunt, pugnando, pugnā, Carthaginiensi; and the prænomina Gaius and Gnaeus, even to the latest times, were designated by C. and Cn., while Caeso or Kaeso was written with K; cf. the letter G. Still, even as early as the time of the kings, whether through the influence of the Tuscans, among whom G sounded like K, or of the. Sabines, whose language was kindred with that of the Tuscans, the C seems to have been substituted for K; hence even Consul was designated by Cos., and K remained in use only before a, as in Kalendae; k. k. for calumniae causā, INTERKAL for intercalaris, MERK for mercatus, and in a few other republican inscrr., because by this vowel K was distinguished from Q, as in Gr. Kappa from Koppa, and in Phœnician Caph from Cuph, while C was employed like other consonants with e. Q was used at the beginning of words only when u, pronounced like v, followed, as Quirites from Cures, Tanaquil from Thanchufil, Thanchfil, ThankWil; accordingly, C everywhere took the place of Q, when that accompanying labial sound was lost, or u was used as a vowel; so in the gentile name of Maecenas Cilnius, from the Etrusk. Cvelne or Cfelne (O. Müll. Etrusk. 1, p. 414 sq.); so in coctus, cocus, alicubi, sicubi; in relicŭŭs (four syl.) for reliquus (trisyl.): AECETIA = AEQITIA, i. q. aequitas (V. AECETIA), etc., and as in the Golden Age cujus was written for quojus, and cui for quoi (corresponding to cum for quom); thus, even in the most ancient period, quor or cur was used together with [p. 257] quare, cura with quaero, curia with Quiris, as inversely inquilinus with incola, and in S. C. Bacch. OQVOLTOD = occulto. Hence, at the end of words que, as well as ce in hic, sic, istic, illic, was changed to c, as in ac for atque, nec for neque, nunc, tunc, donec for numque, tumque, dumque; and in the middle of words it might also pass into g. as in negotium and neglego, cf. necopinus. Since C thus gradually took the place of K and Q, with the single exception that our kw was throughout designated by qu, it was strange that under the emperors grammarians began again to write k instead of c before a, though even Quint. 1, 7, 10, expressed his displeasure at this; and they afterwards wrote q before u, even when no labial sound followed, as in pequnia, or merely peqnia, for pecunia; cf. the letters Q and U. About the beginning of the sixth century of the city the modified form G was introduced for the flat guttural sound, and C thenceforth regularly represented the hard sound = our K. The use of aspirates was unknown to the Romans during the first six centuries, hence the letter C also represents the Gr. X, as BACA and BACANALIBVS, for Baccha and Bacchanalibus (the single C instead of the double, as regularly in the most ancient times); cf. also schizô with scindo, and poluchroos with pulcer. But even in the time of Cicero scheda came into use for scida, and pulcher for pulcer; so also the name of the Gracchi was aspirated, as were the name Cethegus and the word triumphus, which, however, in the song of the Arval brothers, is TRIVMPVS; cf. Cic. Or. 48, 160, and the letter P. About this time the use of aspirates became so common, in imitation of Greek, that Catullus wrote upon it an epigram (84), which begins with the words: Cho mmoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet; and in Monum. Ancyr. inchoo is used for the orig. incoho, acc. to which the ancient Romans also employed cohors for chors (v. cohors).On account of the near relationship of c and g, as given above, they are very often interchanged, esp. when connected with liquids: Cygnus, Progne, Gnidus, Gnossus, from kuknos, Proknê, Knidos, Knôssos (even when n was separated from c by a vowel, as in Saguntum for Zakunthos, or absorbed by an s, as in vigesimus and trigesimus for vicensimus and tricensimus); mulgeo for mulceo, segmen from seco, gummi for commi (kommi); gurgulio for curculio, grabatus for krabatos, so that amurca was also written for amurga, from amorgê, as inversely conger for gonger, from gongros; but also with other letters; cf. mastruca and mastruga, misceo and misgô, mugio and mukaomai, gobius and kôbios, gubernator and kubernêtês. Not less freq. is the interchange of c and t, which is noticed by Quint. Inst. 1, 11, 5, and in accordance with which, in composition, d or t before qu, except with que, became c, as acquiro, nequicquam, iccirco for idcirco, ecquis for etquis, etc. Hence is explained the rejection of c before t, as in Lutatius for Luctatius, and the arbitrariness with which many names were written with cc or tt for ct, as Vettones for Vectones; Nacca or Natta for Nacta (from the Gr. gnaptô). It would be erroneouś to infer, from the varied orthography of the names' Accius, Attius, and Actius, or Peccius, Pettius, and Pectius, a hissing pronunciation of them; for as the Romans interchange the terminations icius and itius, and the orthography fetialis and fecialis, indutiae and induciae, with one another, they also wrote Basculi or Bastuli, anclare or antlare, etc. Ci for ti does not appear till an African inscr. of the third century after Christ, and not often before Gallic inscrr. and documents of the seventh century; ti for ci is not certainly found before the end of the fourth century; and ci before a vowel does not appear to have been pronounced as sh, except provincially, before the sixth or seventh century; cf. Roby, Gr. bk. 1, ch. 7; and so in gen., Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 33 sqq. C is sometimes interchanged with p: columba, palumbes; coquus, popa, popina (cf. in Gr. koteros; Sanscr. katara; poteros; Lat. uter). C is sometimes dropped in the middle of a word: luna for luc-na, lumen for luc-men; so also at the beginning of a word: uter for cuter; Sanscr. katara, v. supra.As an abbreviation, C designates Gaius, and reversed, O, Gaia; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 28. As a numeral, C = centum, and upon voting tablets = condemno, Ascon. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. the letter A fin.;

    hence it is called littera tristis (opp. A = absolvo, which is called littera salutaris),

    Cic. Mil. 6, 15 Moeb.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > C

  • 19 c

    C, c, n. indecl., or f., the third letter of the Latin alphabet; corresponded originally in sound to the Greek G (which in inscrr., esp. in the Doric, was frequently written like the Latin C; v. O. Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 295); hence the old orthography: LECIONES, MACISTRATOS, EXFOCIONT, [pu]CNANDOD, PVC[nad], CARTACINIENSI, upon the Columna rostrata, for legiones, magistratos, effugiunt, pugnando, pugnā, Carthaginiensi; and the prænomina Gaius and Gnaeus, even to the latest times, were designated by C. and Cn., while Caeso or Kaeso was written with K; cf. the letter G. Still, even as early as the time of the kings, whether through the influence of the Tuscans, among whom G sounded like K, or of the. Sabines, whose language was kindred with that of the Tuscans, the C seems to have been substituted for K; hence even Consul was designated by Cos., and K remained in use only before a, as in Kalendae; k. k. for calumniae causā, INTERKAL for intercalaris, MERK for mercatus, and in a few other republican inscrr., because by this vowel K was distinguished from Q, as in Gr. Kappa from Koppa, and in Phœnician Caph from Cuph, while C was employed like other consonants with e. Q was used at the beginning of words only when u, pronounced like v, followed, as Quirites from Cures, Tanaquil from Thanchufil, Thanchfil, ThankWil; accordingly, C everywhere took the place of Q, when that accompanying labial sound was lost, or u was used as a vowel; so in the gentile name of Maecenas Cilnius, from the Etrusk. Cvelne or Cfelne (O. Müll. Etrusk. 1, p. 414 sq.); so in coctus, cocus, alicubi, sicubi; in relicŭŭs (four syl.) for reliquus (trisyl.): AECETIA = AEQITIA, i. q. aequitas (V. AECETIA), etc., and as in the Golden Age cujus was written for quojus, and cui for quoi (corresponding to cum for quom); thus, even in the most ancient period, quor or cur was used together with [p. 257] quare, cura with quaero, curia with Quiris, as inversely inquilinus with incola, and in S. C. Bacch. OQVOLTOD = occulto. Hence, at the end of words que, as well as ce in hic, sic, istic, illic, was changed to c, as in ac for atque, nec for neque, nunc, tunc, donec for numque, tumque, dumque; and in the middle of words it might also pass into g. as in negotium and neglego, cf. necopinus. Since C thus gradually took the place of K and Q, with the single exception that our kw was throughout designated by qu, it was strange that under the emperors grammarians began again to write k instead of c before a, though even Quint. 1, 7, 10, expressed his displeasure at this; and they afterwards wrote q before u, even when no labial sound followed, as in pequnia, or merely peqnia, for pecunia; cf. the letters Q and U. About the beginning of the sixth century of the city the modified form G was introduced for the flat guttural sound, and C thenceforth regularly represented the hard sound = our K. The use of aspirates was unknown to the Romans during the first six centuries, hence the letter C also represents the Gr. X, as BACA and BACANALIBVS, for Baccha and Bacchanalibus (the single C instead of the double, as regularly in the most ancient times); cf. also schizô with scindo, and poluchroos with pulcer. But even in the time of Cicero scheda came into use for scida, and pulcher for pulcer; so also the name of the Gracchi was aspirated, as were the name Cethegus and the word triumphus, which, however, in the song of the Arval brothers, is TRIVMPVS; cf. Cic. Or. 48, 160, and the letter P. About this time the use of aspirates became so common, in imitation of Greek, that Catullus wrote upon it an epigram (84), which begins with the words: Cho mmoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet; and in Monum. Ancyr. inchoo is used for the orig. incoho, acc. to which the ancient Romans also employed cohors for chors (v. cohors).On account of the near relationship of c and g, as given above, they are very often interchanged, esp. when connected with liquids: Cygnus, Progne, Gnidus, Gnossus, from kuknos, Proknê, Knidos, Knôssos (even when n was separated from c by a vowel, as in Saguntum for Zakunthos, or absorbed by an s, as in vigesimus and trigesimus for vicensimus and tricensimus); mulgeo for mulceo, segmen from seco, gummi for commi (kommi); gurgulio for curculio, grabatus for krabatos, so that amurca was also written for amurga, from amorgê, as inversely conger for gonger, from gongros; but also with other letters; cf. mastruca and mastruga, misceo and misgô, mugio and mukaomai, gobius and kôbios, gubernator and kubernêtês. Not less freq. is the interchange of c and t, which is noticed by Quint. Inst. 1, 11, 5, and in accordance with which, in composition, d or t before qu, except with que, became c, as acquiro, nequicquam, iccirco for idcirco, ecquis for etquis, etc. Hence is explained the rejection of c before t, as in Lutatius for Luctatius, and the arbitrariness with which many names were written with cc or tt for ct, as Vettones for Vectones; Nacca or Natta for Nacta (from the Gr. gnaptô). It would be erroneouś to infer, from the varied orthography of the names' Accius, Attius, and Actius, or Peccius, Pettius, and Pectius, a hissing pronunciation of them; for as the Romans interchange the terminations icius and itius, and the orthography fetialis and fecialis, indutiae and induciae, with one another, they also wrote Basculi or Bastuli, anclare or antlare, etc. Ci for ti does not appear till an African inscr. of the third century after Christ, and not often before Gallic inscrr. and documents of the seventh century; ti for ci is not certainly found before the end of the fourth century; and ci before a vowel does not appear to have been pronounced as sh, except provincially, before the sixth or seventh century; cf. Roby, Gr. bk. 1, ch. 7; and so in gen., Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 33 sqq. C is sometimes interchanged with p: columba, palumbes; coquus, popa, popina (cf. in Gr. koteros; Sanscr. katara; poteros; Lat. uter). C is sometimes dropped in the middle of a word: luna for luc-na, lumen for luc-men; so also at the beginning of a word: uter for cuter; Sanscr. katara, v. supra.As an abbreviation, C designates Gaius, and reversed, O, Gaia; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 28. As a numeral, C = centum, and upon voting tablets = condemno, Ascon. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. the letter A fin.;

    hence it is called littera tristis (opp. A = absolvo, which is called littera salutaris),

    Cic. Mil. 6, 15 Moeb.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > c

  • 20 inchohamenta

    incŏhāmenta ( incho-), ōrum, n. [incoho], first principles, rudiments, elements (post-class.), Mart. Cap. 6, § 576:

    incohamentorum primordia,

    id. 5, § 437 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > inchohamenta

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См. также в других словарях:

  • kagh- : kogh- —     kagh : kogh     English meaning: to sew, plait, etc..     Deutsche Übersetzung: “fassen, einfassen; geflochtene Hũrde, Flechtwerk”     Material: Lat. caulae (*caholae) ‘schafhũrden, Einfriedigungen um temple and Altäre”, wherefore (dial.… …   Proto-Indo-European etymological dictionary

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