aster

aster, ĕris, m., = astêr.

A star, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 14.—

Esp.

Aster Atticus, the Italian starwort, aster:

Aster amellus, Linn.: aster ab aliquis bubonion appellatur,

Plin. 27, 5, 19, § 36; App. Herb. 60.—

Aster Samius, a kind of Samian earth, whose nature and healing power are described in Plin. 35, 16, 53, § 191.

* * *

sīdus, ĕris, n. [cf. Sanscr. svid, to sweat, melt; Gr. sidêros (molten) iron; Lat. sudo].

Stars united in a figure, a group of stars, a constellation (and hence mostly plur.;

only so ap. Cic., Cæs., and Quint.): sunt stellae quidem singulares, ut erraticae quinque et ceterae, quae non admixtae aliis solae feruntur: sidera vero, quae in aliquod signum stellarum plurium compositione formantur, ut Aries, Taurus, Andromeda, Perseus, vel Corona et quaecumque variarum genera formarum in caelum recepta creduntur. Sic et apud Graecos aster et astron diversa significant et aster stella una est, astron signum stellis coactum, quod nos sidus vocamus,

Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 14 med.

Plur.:

illi sempiterni ignes, quae sidera et stellas vocatis,

Cic. Rep. 6, 15, 15:

signis sideribusque caelestibus,

id. N. D. 1, 13, 35:

circuitus solis et lunae reliquorumque siderum,

id. ib. 2, 62, 155; cf.:

solem lunamque praecipua siderum,

Quint. 2, 16, 6; and:

in sole sidera ipsa desinunt cerni,

id. 8, 5, 29:

siderum regina bicornis Luna,

Hor. C. S. 35:

Arcturi sidera,

Verg. G. 1, 204:

solis, i. e. sol,

Ov. M. 14, 172:

sidera, quae vocantur errantia,

Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89; so,

errantia,

Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 32:

siderum motus,

Cic. Rep. 3, 2, 3; id. Lael. 23, 88:

sidera viderit innumerabilia,

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 69; id. Fin. 2, 31, 102; id. N. D. 2, 15, 39 et saep.; * Caes. B. G. 6, 14 fin.; Quint. 1, 4, 4; 2, 17, 38; 12, 11, 10 al.; Lucr. 1, 231; 1, 788; 1, 1065:

candida,

id. 5, 1210:

alta,

Verg. A. 3, 619:

surgentia,

id. ib. 6, 850:

radiantia,

Ov. M. 7, 325:

turbata,

Stat. Th. 12, 406 al.:

lucida,

Hor. C. 1, 3, 2; 3, 1, 32; id. Epod. 3, 15; 5, 45; 17, 5.—

Sing., a heavenly body, a star; and collect., a group of stars, a constellation:

clarum Tyndaridae sidus,

Hor. C. 4, 8, 31:

fervidum,

Sirius, id. Epod. 1, 27;

nivosum sidus Pleiadum,

Stat. S. 1, 1, 95:

insana Caprae sidera,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 6:

Baccho placuisse coronam, Ex Ariadnaeo sidere nosse potes,

Ov. F. 5, 346;

so of the constellation Arcturus,

Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 311 (for which, in the plur.:

Arcturi sidera,

Verg. G. 1, 204); of Capella, Ov. M. 3, 594; of the Vergiliae, Liv. 21, 35, 6; Curt. 5, 6, 12; of Saturn, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 32 sq.; Juv. 6, 569; of Venus, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 36; Luc. 1, 661; of the Moon:

sidus lunae,

Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 41; of the Sun:

calidi sideris aestu,

Tib. 2, 1, 47:

aetherium,

Ov. M. 1, 424; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:

solstitiale,

Just. 13, 7 fin.; cf.: sidus utrumque, for the rising and setting sun, Petr. poët. 119, 2; and also for the sun and moon, Plin. 2, 13, 10, §§ 56 and 57.— Poet., collect.:

nec sidus fefellit,

i. e. through ignorance, Verg. A. 7, 215.—

Transf. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

The sky, the heavens, = caelum. (Juppiter) terram, mare, sidera movit, Ov. M. 1, 180: (Hercules) flammis ad sidera missus, Juv.11,63; cf.:

abrupto sidere nimbus It,

Verg. A. 12, 451:

sidera observare,

Curt. 7, 4, 28.—

Like caelum, to denote a very great height:

Pyramidum sumptus ad sidera ducti,

Prop. 3, 2 (4, 1), 17:

evertunt actas ad sidera pinus,

Verg. A. 11, 136; cf. Juv. 11, 63:

ad sidera Erigitur,

Verg. A. 9, 239:

aves, quas naturalis levitas ageret ad sidera,

Curt. 4, 5, 3:

domus quae vertice sidera pulsat,

Mart. 8, 36, 11; 9, 62, 10; Verg. G. 2, 427; id. A. 3, 243; id. E. 5, 62 al.—

Trop. (also like caelum), as the summit or height of fame, fortune, success, etc.:

quodsi me lyricis vatibus inseris, Sublimi feriam sidera vertice,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 36:

vertice sidera tangere,

Ov. M. 7, 61; cf.:

tuum nomen... Cantantes sublime ferent ad sidera cygni,

Verg. E. 9, 29:

usque ad sidera notus,

id. ib. 5, 43: contingere sidera plantis, to walk upon the stars (like the gods) (of one exceedingly fortunate), Prop. 1, 8, 43 (1, 8 b, 17); cf.:

celerique fugā sub sidera lapsae,

Verg. A. 3, 243.—

For night:

exactis sideribus,

Prop. 1, 3, 38:

sidera producere ludo,

Stat. Th. 8, 219; cf.:

sideribus dubiis,

at dawn, Juv. 5, 22.—

A star, as a comparison for any thing bright, brilliant, shining, beautiful, etc. (syn.:

stella, astrum): oculi, geminae, sidera nostra, faces,

Prop. 2, 3, 14;

so of the eyes,

Ov. Am. 2, 16, 44; 3, 3, 9; id. M. 1, 499:

sidere pulchrior Ille,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 12, 47;

of form, beauty,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 26; Val. Fl. 5, 468.—

Concr., ornament, pride, glory:

o sidus Fabiae, Maxime, gentis ades,

Ov. P. 3, 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 6, 9;

Col. poët, 10, 96: puerum egregiae praeclarum sidere formae,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 26:

Macedoniae columen ac sidus,

Curt. 9, 6, 8.—As a term of endearment, my star, Suet. Calig. 13 fin.; Hor. Epod. 17, 41.—

Season of the year:

quo sidere terram Vertere Conveniat,

Verg. G. 1, 1; cf.:

hiberno moliris sidere classem?

id. A. 4, 309:

sidere aequinoctii quo maxime tumescit Oceanus,

Tac. A. 1, 70; cf.:

brumale sidus,

Ov. P. 2, 4, 25:

sidere flagrante brumali,

Amm. 27, 12, 12.—

Climate, weather, etc.:

ut patrios fontes patriumque sidus ferre consuevisti,

Plin. Pan. 15, 3; so,

sub nostro sidere,

Juv. 12, 103:

tot inhospita saxa Sideraque emensae,

i.e. regions, Verg. A. 5, 628:

grave sidus et imbrem vitare,

tempest, storm, Ov. M. 5, 281:

triste Minervae (raised by Minerva),

Verg. A. 11, 260.—Colloquially, with confectus: intellegitur sidus confectum, i. e. that the weather ( occasioned by a constellation) is ended, Plin. 16, 23, 36, § 87; 18, 25, 57, § 207:

fertur in abruptum casu, non sidere, puppis,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 424.—

With allusion to the influence which the ancients believed the constellations to have upon the health or the destiny of men, star, destiny, etc.:

pestifero sidere icti,

Liv. 8, 9, 12: sidere afflari, to be blasted or palsied by a constellation, to be planet-struck or sunstruck, astroboleisthai, Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 108; Petr. 2, 7; cf.:

sidere percussa lingua,

Mart. 11, 85, 1:

subito fias ut sidere mutus,

id. 7, 92, 9;

v. sideror and sideratio: sidera natalicia,

Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91; cf.:

o sidere dextro Edite,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 63:

adveniet fausto cum sidere conjux,

Cat. 64, 330:

vivere duro sidere,

Prop. 1, 6, 36:

grave sidus,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 45 Jahn:

per alias civitates ut sidus salutare susciperetur,

as arbiter of their destiny, Amm. 21, 10, 2.

astrum, i, n. [perh. astron borrowed; cf. astêr; Sanscr. staras (plur.); Engl. star; Germ. Stern; Goth. stairno; and stella; Kuhn compares: Sanscr. star, Lat. sterno, Gr. strônnumi, Engl. strew, the stars being so called as strewn over the vault of heaven, as in Hor. S. 1, 5, 10], a star, a constellation ( poet. or in more elevated prose).

Lit., Verg. E. 9, 47; id. A. 4, 352; 5, 838; 8, 590; Ov. M. 1, 73; 11, 309; Hor. C. 3, 21, 24; 3, 27, 31; id. Epod. 16, 61; id. Ep. 2, 2, 187; Prop. 2, 32, 50; 3, 16, 15; Mart. 8, 21 al.; Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24; id. N. D. 2, 46, 118; id. Tusc. 1, 25, 62; id. Tim. 12.—In Vulg. only plur.: astra caeli, Deut. 4, 10; 10, 22; 28, 62: donec egrediantur astra, 2 Esdr. 4, 21: astra matutina, Job, 38, 7.—

Trop.

For height:

turris educta sub astra,

Verg. A. 2, 460:

Ter spumam elisam et rorantia vidimus astra,

id. ib. 3, 567:

Mons ibi verticibus petit arduus astra duobus,

Ov. M. 1, 316:

super astra Dei exaltabo solium meum,

Vulg. Isa. 14, 13 al. —

Heaven, and the immortality of the glory connected with it:

sic itur ad astra,

Verg. A. 9, 641:

aliquem inferre astris,

Ov. M. 9, 272; 15, 846: Daphnimque tuum tollemus ad astra;

Daphnim ad astra feremus,

Verg. E. 5, 52:

educere in astra,

Hor. C. 4, 2, 23:

absentem rusticus urbem Tollit ad astra,

praises to the skies, id. S. 2, 7, 29 al.:

Hortalus nostras laudes in astra sustulit,

extolled to the skies, Cic. Att. 2, 25, 1 (cf. the opp.:

decidere ex astris, i. e. summam gloriam perdere,

id. ib. 2, 21, 4).

Ēōs (only in nom.), f., = Êôs, the dawn (pure Lat. Aurora), Ov. F. 3, 877; 4, 389; Sen. Herc. Oet. 615.—

Meton., the East, the Orient, Luc. 9, 544.—

Derivv. Ē̆ōus, a, um.

Adj.

Belonging to the morning, morning-:

Atlantides absconduntur,

i. e. disappear, set in the morning, Verg. G. 1, 221.—More freq.,

Belonging to the east, eastern, orient (a favorite word of the Aug. poets):

domus Aurorae,

Prop. 2, 14, 10 (3, 10, 8 M.):

equus,

id. 4 (5), 3, 10:

Arabes,

Tib. 3, 2, 24; cf.:

domus Arabum,

Verg. G. 2, 115:

acies,

id. A. 1, 489:

caelum,

Ov. M. 4, 197:

ripa,

Prop. 4 (5), 5, 21:

mare,

Tib. 2, 2, 16; cf.

fluctus,

Hor. Epod. 2, 51:

partes,

id. C. 1, 35, 31; Ov. F. 1, 140; cf.

orbis,

id. ib. 3, 466; 5, 557 et saep.—

Subst.: Ē̆ōus, i, m.

Like êôios (sc. astêr), the morning-star, Verg. G. 1, 288; id. A. 3, 588; 11, 4.—

An inhabitant of the East, an Oriental, Ov. Tr. 4, 9, 22 Jahn; id. Am. 1, 15, 29; Prop. 2, 3, 43 sq.—

The name of one of the horses of the sun, Ov. M. 2, 153.

Ēōs (only in nom.), f., = Êôs, the dawn (pure Lat. Aurora), Ov. F. 3, 877; 4, 389; Sen. Herc. Oet. 615.—

Meton., the East, the Orient, Luc. 9, 544.—

Derivv. Ē̆ōus, a, um.

Adj.

Belonging to the morning, morning-:

Atlantides absconduntur,

i. e. disappear, set in the morning, Verg. G. 1, 221.—More freq.,

Belonging to the east, eastern, orient (a favorite word of the Aug. poets):

domus Aurorae,

Prop. 2, 14, 10 (3, 10, 8 M.):

equus,

id. 4 (5), 3, 10:

Arabes,

Tib. 3, 2, 24; cf.:

domus Arabum,

Verg. G. 2, 115:

acies,

id. A. 1, 489:

caelum,

Ov. M. 4, 197:

ripa,

Prop. 4 (5), 5, 21:

mare,

Tib. 2, 2, 16; cf.

fluctus,

Hor. Epod. 2, 51:

partes,

id. C. 1, 35, 31; Ov. F. 1, 140; cf.

orbis,

id. ib. 3, 466; 5, 557 et saep.—

Subst.: Ē̆ōus, i, m.

Like êôios (sc. astêr), the morning-star, Verg. G. 1, 288; id. A. 3, 588; 11, 4.—

An inhabitant of the East, an Oriental, Ov. Tr. 4, 9, 22 Jahn; id. Am. 1, 15, 29; Prop. 2, 3, 43 sq.—

The name of one of the horses of the sun, Ov. M. 2, 153.

stella, ae, f. [for sterula; cf. Sanscr. staras; cf. Gr. astêr; Germ. Stern; Engl. star; perh. root ster- of sterno; Gr. storennumi].

Lit., a star (whereas sidus denotes a group of stars, a constellation; v. sidus; cf.

also astrum): ignes, quae sidera et stellas vocatis,

Cic. Rep. 6, 15, 15:

sunt stellae naturā flammeae,

id. N. D. 2, 46, 118: o magna templa caelitum commixta stellis splendidis Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 6 Müll. (Trag. v. 227 Vahl.); cf.: caelum stellis fulgentibus aptum, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 30 Vahl.); Lucr. 6, 357:

stellae in radiis solis (non cernuntur),

Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 71:

maxime sunt admirabiles motus earum quinque stellarum, quae falso vocantur errantes,

i. e. planets, id. N. D. 2, 20, 51; so,

errantes,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; id. Tusc. 1, 25, 62; id. N. D. 1, 13, 34 (but cf. inerrantes, fixed stars, id. ib. 3, 20, 51):

stella comans,

i. e. a comet, Ov. M. 15, 749; cf. id. ib. 15, 850:

dum caelum stellas vehat,

Tib. 1, 4, 66:

simul alba nautis Stella refulsit,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 28:

jam stellarum sublime coëgerat agmen Lucifer,

Ov. M. 11, 97: usque ad diurnam stellam, Lucifer, i. e. till daybreak, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 64.—Prov., of an impossibility:

Terra feret stellas,

Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 3.— Poet., sometimes for sidus, a constellation:

Saturni,

Verg. G. 1, 336:

Coronae,

id. ib. 1, 222:

vesani Leonis,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 19:

Icarii stella proterva canis,

Ov. Am. 2, 16, 4:

stella miluus,

id. F. 3, 793; 5, 112.—Of the sun:

stella serena,

Ov. F. 6, 718.—

Esp., a meteor, shooting-star:

saepe stellas videbis Praecipites caelo labi,

Verg. G. 1, 365:

de caelo lapsa per umbras Stella,

id. A. 2, 694; Lucr. 2, 208:

discursus stellarum,

Plin. 2, 36, 36, § 100; cf.:

discurrere eae (stellae) videntur,

id. 18, 35, 80, § 351:

videmus ergo stellarum longos a tergo albescere tractus. Hae velut stellae exsiliunt, etc.,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 14, 2 sq. —

Transf., of things resembling a star.

A figure of a star:

vitis in stellam dividatur... refert jugum in stellam decussari, etc.,

Col. 4, 17, 4 sq.; 4, 26, 3; cf. id. 3, 13, 13: Plin. 18, 10, 23, § 97:

chlamys distincta aureis stellis,

Suet. Ner. 25.—

A bright point on a precious stone, Plin. 37, 7, 25, § 96; 37, 9, 51, § 134; 37, 10, 67, § 182.—

A starfish, Plin. 9, 60, 86, § 183; 32, 11, 53, § 151:

marina,

Veg. Vet. 4 (6), 12, 3.—

A glowworm, Plin. 18, 27, 67, § 251.—

The pupil of the eye, Claud. Idyll. 1, 36.