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associated+value

  • 1 adjusted present value

    Fin
    the value of a commodity when costs and advantages associated with taxes and borrowing are taken into consideration in addition to its market value

    The ultimate business dictionary > adjusted present value

  • 2 присваиваемое значение

    Русско-английский словарь по вычислительной технике и программированию > присваиваемое значение

  • 3 присваиваемое значение

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > присваиваемое значение

  • 4 величина


    value, quantity, amount
    - (скалярная) — magnitude

    the vector is opposed to a scalar which has magnitude only.
    -, абсолютная — absolute value
    - безопасная — safe value

    pressure exceeds maximum safe value.
    -, безразмерная — dimensionless value
    - в (кг) — value in (kg)
    - вектора — magnitude of vector
    -, выраженная в (кг) — value expressed in (kg)
    -, выраженная в виде (приборной скорости) — value stated in terms of (ias)
    -, выходящая за установленные пределы — abnormal value
    - д (взлетная дистанция и дистанция прерванного взлета в зависимости от относительной скорости принятия решения для заданных условий) — "d", value of d, distance d fig. gives a distance d and the associated v1/vr ratio for the given conditions of take-off and accelerate-stop distances available.
    - больше (или меньше) чем (др. величина) — a value more (or less) than that of (other value)
    -, дискретная — discrete value sampling circuit output is a series of discrete values.
    -, заданная (данная) — given value
    -, заданная (потребная) — desired value compare the required condition (desired value) with the actual condition.
    -, замеренная — measured value
    - звезды — stellar magnitude the minimum stellar magnitude that the telescope must detect.
    -, измеряемая — measurand value of the measurand is expressed in terms...
    -, максимально-допустимая безопасная — maximum safe value
    - наибольшая (из двух) — value greater (of two values)
    -, наибольшая (из нескольких) — the greatest value (in size, amount, degree, importance, etc.)
    -, наибольшая (о весе, скорости — the highest value (of weight, speed)
    - наименьшая (из двух) — value smaller /lesser/ (of two values) whichever is the smaller (lesser) of these two weights will be the maximum т.о. weight.
    -, наименьшая (из нескольких) — the smallest value (in size, amount, degree, importance, etc.)
    -, наименьшая (о весе, скорости) — the lowest value (of weight, speed)
    -, номинальная — nominal value
    -, ориентировочная — approximate value
    - отклонения руля (рв, рн, эл) — amount of control surface (of el, rud, ail)
    -, переменная — variable magnitude
    конструкция выдерживает повторные нагрузки переменной величины. — the structure supports repeated loads of vairable magnitude.
    - повреждения — extent of damage
    -, постоянная — constant value
    -, предельная — limit value
    -, приближенная — approximate value
    - приборной скорости (v1) — ias value (of v1)
    -, приведенная к мса — value based upon /given in/ isa
    -, принятая за начало отсчета — zero reference datum
    -p — "r", value of r, distance r
    длина разбега и дистанции прерванного взлета в зависимости от относительной скорости принятия решения для заданных условий. — fig. gives a distance r and the assosiated v1/vr ratio for the given conditions of take-off run and acceleratestop distance available.
    -, угловая — angular value /displacement, information/
    -, угловая (подаваемая на индикацию в память и т.п.) — angular information (supplied to be displayed, stored, etc.)
    - ухода гироскопа — gyro drift amount
    в пределах (ё5о) от фактической величины — within (ё5о) of the true value
    подавать угловую в. (сигнал угловой величины) на сельсин — supply /transmit/ angular information to synchro
    вводить поправку в в. — introduce the correction into the value
    вводить поправку на в. — introduce the correction for the value
    вносить поправку в в. — apply the correction to the value
    выдерживать (параметр) на в. достигать в. — maintain (parameter) to... reach a value of...
    определять в. повреждения — determine the extent of damage
    определять в. по показаниям прибора — determine value by the instrument reading

    Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > величина

  • 5 desvalorizar

    v.
    1 to devalue.
    2 to devaluate, to depreciate, to cheapen, to devalue.
    * * *
    1 to devalue, depreciate
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    VT [+ moneda] to devalue, devaluate (EEUU); [+ posesión] to reduce the value of
    * * *
    = render + valueless, undervalue [under-value], deflate, devalorise [devalorize, -USA].
    Ex. The immense cultural differences facing the professions tends to render comparisons valueless.
    Ex. The latter statement undervalues long-established interests of SLIS in the field of information and ignores frequently attested movement of SLIS personnel into non-library information posts.
    Ex. These developments deflate some traditional assumptions about and privileges associated with scientific and technical knowledge.
    Ex. The new feminist philosophies of the body tend sometimes to grate against this project by valorizing the body but devalorizing gender.
    ----
    * desvalorizarse = lose + Posesivo + value.
    * * *
    = render + valueless, undervalue [under-value], deflate, devalorise [devalorize, -USA].

    Ex: The immense cultural differences facing the professions tends to render comparisons valueless.

    Ex: The latter statement undervalues long-established interests of SLIS in the field of information and ignores frequently attested movement of SLIS personnel into non-library information posts.
    Ex: These developments deflate some traditional assumptions about and privileges associated with scientific and technical knowledge.
    Ex: The new feminist philosophies of the body tend sometimes to grate against this project by valorizing the body but devalorizing gender.
    * desvalorizarse = lose + Posesivo + value.

    * * *
    vt
    ‹moneda› to devalue
    «moneda» to decrease in value; «terreno/propiedad» to depreciate, decrease in value
    * * *

    desvalorizar verbo transitivo to devalue
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    [propiedades, acciones] to reduce the value of; [moneda, divisa] to devalue
    * * *
    v/t devalue
    * * *
    desvalorizar {21} vt
    : to devalue

    Spanish-English dictionary > desvalorizar

  • 6 grande

    adj.
    1 big, large.
    un gran artista a great artist
    el gran favorito the firm favorite
    una gran figura a big name
    una gran parte de mi trabajo implica… a large part of my job involves…
    una gran responsabilidad a heavy responsibility
    a lo grande in a big way, in style
    grandes almacenes department store
    Gran Bretaña Great Britain
    el Gran Cañón the Grand Canyon
    gran danés great Dane
    gran éxito smash (hit) (disco, libro)
    los Grandes Lagos the Great Lakes
    la Gran Muralla (China) the Great Wall (of China)
    el gran público the general public
    2 old (de edad). (Mexican Spanish, River Plate)
    3 fantastic(informal). ( River Plate)
    4 magnus, Mag, magnum.
    5 grand, formidable, majestical, stately.
    m.
    grandee (noble).
    * * *
    1 (tamaño) large, big
    2 (fuerte, intenso) great
    3 (mayor) grown-up, old, big
    \
    a lo grande on a grand scale, in a big way
    estar grande una cosa a alguien to be too big on somebody
    pasarlo en grande familiar to have a great time
    vivir a lo grande figurado to live in style
    Grande de España grandee Table 1 NOTA See also gran/Table 1
    * * *
    adj.
    1) big
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    ( antes de sm sing gran)
    1) [de tamaño] big, large; [de estatura] big, tall; [número, velocidad] high, great

    ¿cómo es de grande? — how big o large is it?, what size is it?

    en cantidades más grandes — in larger o greater quantities

    grandísimo — enormous, huge

    un esfuerzo grandísimo — an enormous effort, a huge effort

    ¡grandísimo tunante! — you old rogue!

    hacer algo a lo grande — to do sth in style, make a splash doing sth *

    2) (=importante) [artista, hazaña] great; [empresa] big
    3) (=mucho, muy) great

    se estrenó con gran éxito — it was a great success, it went off very well

    4) [en edad]
    (=mayor)

    ya eres grande, Raúl — you are a big boy now, Raúl

    ¿qué piensas hacer cuando seas grande? — what do you want to do when you grow up?

    5)

    ¡qué grande! — Arg * how funny!

    2. SMF
    1) (=personaje importante)
    2) LAm (=adulto) adult
    3. SF
    1) Arg [de lotería] first prize, big prize
    2) And ** (=cárcel) clink **, jail
    * * *
    I
    adjetivo [ gran is used before singular nouns]
    1)
    a) ( en dimensiones) large, big; <boca/nariz> big
    b) ( en demasía) too big

    me queda or me está grande — it's too big for me

    quedarle grande a alguien — puesto/responsabilidad to be too much for somebody

    2) ( alto) tall
    3) (Geog)
    4) ( en edad)

    los más grandes pueden ir solos — the older o bigger ones can go on their own

    a) (notable, excelente) great

    un gran hombre/vino — a great man/wine

    b) ( poderoso) big
    6)
    a) (en intensidad, grado) great

    me llevé un susto más grande...! — I got such a fright!

    una temporada de gran éxito — a very o a highly successful season

    7)
    a) ( en número) < familia> large, big; < clase> big

    la gran parte or mayoría de los votantes — the great o vast majority of the voters

    b) ( elevado)

    a gran velocidad — at high o great speed

    en grande: lo pasamos en grande — we had a great time (colloq)

    •
    II
    masculino, femenino
    1) (de la industria, el comercio) big o leading name
    2)
    a) ( mayor)

    quiero ir con los grandes — I want to go with the big boys/girls

    b) ( adulto)
    •
    * * *
    = vast [vaster -comp., vastest -sup.], big [bigger -comp., biggest -sup.], bulky, considerable, deep [deeper -comp., deepest -sup.], extensive, great [greater -comp., greatest -sup.], heavy [heavier -comp., heaviest -sup.], high [higher -comp., highest -sup.], huge, large [larger -comp., largest -sup.], large scale [large-scale], tremendous, wide [wider -comp., widest -sup.], goodly [goodlier -comp., goodliest -sup.], abysmal, heavyweight [heavy weight], broad [broader -comp., broadest -sup.], of the highest order.
    Ex. If you add to this other access points, such as collections housed in old people's homes or day centres, prisons, hospitals, youth clubs, playgroups etc the coverage is vast.
    Ex. Fiction is a big item for children and also just for ordinary public library users.
    Ex. Like all enumerative schedules, the LC schedules are bulky, extending to some 8000 pages.
    Ex. The need to become familiar with different command languages for different hosts is a considerable barrier to effective retrieval.
    Ex. The world's largest processing department's plans and policies are always of deep interest.
    Ex. The minutely detailed classification is of the type appropriate to an extensive collection.
    Ex. Clearly, great variations can be expected between different indexing languages for different databases.
    Ex. In fact, the area was well served by a very good neighbourhood advice centre which had a heavy workload of advice and information-giving.
    Ex. Lower specificity will be associated with lower precision but high recall.
    Ex. A user searching for Smith's 'History as Argument' who was not sure under which subject it would be entered, would have to prowl through a huge number of cards in a card catalog to find the entry under SMITH.
    Ex. Serial searching for a string of characters is usually performed on a small subset of a large file.
    Ex. It is in the development of such large-scale services that problems are seen most acutely.
    Ex. There has been tremendous growth in libraries since then, but, fundamentally, it has been possible to build on the foundation that nineteenth-century heroes constructed.
    Ex. The method is sufficiently flexible to allow for wide modifications.
    Ex. However, we must not forget the book which the critics acclaim and which also sells in goodly numbers.
    Ex. The major problem encountered in encouraging young adults to use public libraries is the abysmal lack of specialist young adult librarians = El principal problema que se encuentra para es incentivar a los jóvenes a usar las bibliotecas públicas es la enorme falta de bibliotecarios especialistas en temas relacionados con los adolescentes.
    Ex. Heavyweight information technology firms such as IBM are appearing in the market and challenging traditional players.
    Ex. In 'upper town' streets are broad, quiet, and tree-shaded; the homes are tall and heavy and look like battleships, each anchored in its private sea of grass.
    Ex. I've got to tell you, and I do say this affectionately, but we're talking about a geek of the highest order.
    ----
    * a grandes rasgos = broadly, rough draft.
    * a gran escala = large scale [large-scale], massive, on a wide scale, high-volume, wide-scale, on a broad scale, in a big way, on a grand scale.
    * a gran velocidad = at great speed.
    * a lo grande = in a big way, big time, grandly, on a grand scale.
    * armar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * a un gran coste = at (a) great expense.
    * avanzar con gran dificultad = grind on.
    * bastante grande = largish.
    * calabacín grande = marrow, marrow squash.
    * causar una gran sensación = make + a splash.
    * causar un gran alboroto = make + a splash.
    * causar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons, make + a splash.
    * celebrar a lo grande = make + a song and dance about.
    * con gran capacidad = capacious.
    * con gran colorido = brightly coloured.
    * con gran densidad de población = densely populated.
    * con gran dificultad = with great difficulty.
    * con gran esplendor = grandly.
    * con gran iluminación = brightly illuminated.
    * con gran motivación = highly-motivated.
    * con gran sentimiento = earnestly.
    * conseguir en gran medida + Infinitivo = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio.
    * contribuir en gran medida a + Infinitivo = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio, go far in + Gerundio, go far towards + Gerundio.
    * con una gran cultura = well-read.
    * con una gran diferencia = by a huge margin.
    * con una gran tradición = long-standing.
    * con un gran número de lectores = widely-read.
    * con un gran suspiro = with a deep sigh.
    * convertirse en un gran problema = grow to + a crisis.
    * correr un gran riesgo = play (for) + high stakes.
    * crear con gran destreza = craft.
    * dar un gran paso adelante = reach + milestone.
    * de gran ahorro energético = energy-saving.
    * de gran belleza = scenic.
    * de gran calibre = high-calibre.
    * de gran calidad = high-quality, high-grade [high grade], high-calibre.
    * de gran capacidad = large-capacity, high capacity.
    * de gran colorido = brightly coloured.
    * de gran corazón = big-hearted.
    * de gran efecto = wide-reaching.
    * de gran éxito comercial = high selling.
    * de gran formato = oversized.
    * de gran impacto = high impact [high-impact].
    * de gran influencia = seminal.
    * de gran lucidez = clear-sighted.
    * de gran lujo = top-class.
    * de gran potencia = high-powered.
    * de gran repercusión = far-reaching, wide-reaching, far-ranging.
    * de gran talento = talented.
    * de gran valor = highly valued, highly valuable.
    * de gran valor histórico = of great historical value.
    * de gran venta = high selling.
    * demasiado grande = oversized.
    * describir a grandes rasgos = paint + a broad picture.
    * desplazarse grandes distancias = travel + long distances.
    * ejercer una gran influencia en = play + a strong hand in.
    * el gran hermano = big brother.
    * el todo es más grande que la suma de sus partes = the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
    * empresa de grandes derroches = high roller.
    * en gran cantidad = prodigiously.
    * en grandes cantidades = en masse, in good number, in bulk.
    * en grandes números = in record numbers, in record numbers.
    * en gran formato = oversize, oversized.
    * en gran medida = by and large, extensively, greatly, heavily, largely, to a considerable extent, to a high degree, to a large extent, tremendously, vastly, very much, to a great extent, in no small way, to any great degree, in many ways, in large part, in large measure, in no small measure, to a large degree, to a great degree.
    * en gran número = numerously.
    * en gran parte = largely, in large part, in large measure, for the most part, to a great extent, to a great degree.
    * en un gran aprieto = in dire straits.
    * en un gran apuro = in dire straits.
    * esperar una (gran) sorpresa = be in for a (big) surprise.
    * expresión típica de Gran Bretaña = Briticism.
    * extra grande = extra-large.
    * gestión de grandes extensiones para la cría de ganado = range management.
    * gran altura = high altitude.
    * gran aumento = heavy increase.
    * gran bebedor = heavy drinker.
    * gran belleza = scenic beauty.
    * Gran Bretaña = Britain, Great Britain.
    * gran calidad = high standard.
    * gran cantidad de = large crop of, mass of.
    * gran categoría = high standard.
    * gran cosa = big deal.
    * gran danés = Great Dane.
    * Gran Depresión, la = Depression, the, Great Depression, the.
    * grandes almacenes = department store.
    * grandes cantidades de = storerooms of, huge numbers of, huge numbers of, great numbers of.
    * grandes escritores, los = great imaginative writers, the.
    * grandes robles nacen de pequeñas bellotas = great oaks from little acorns grow.
    * grandes sumas de dinero = vast sums of money.
    * grande superficie = shopping mall, shopping complex, shopping centre.
    * grandes y pequeños = great and small.
    * grande y tenebroso = cavernous.
    * gran ducado = grand-duchy.
    * gran espectáculo = extravaganza.
    * gran extensión de tierra dedicada a la cría de animales de pasto = rangeland.
    * gran grupo = constellation.
    * gran mentira = big fat lie.
    * gran nivel = high standard.
    * gran número de = great numbers of.
    * gran pantalla de televisión = large-screen television.
    * gran parte = much.
    * gran parte de = much of.
    * gran peso = heavy weight.
    * gran placer = great pleasure.
    * gran potencia = great power.
    * gran salto adelante = giant leap, great leap forward.
    * gran tiburón blanco = great white shark.
    * gran titular = headline banner.
    * hacer grandes esfuerzos por = take + (great) pains to.
    * hacer grandes progresos = make + great strides.
    * hacer un gran esfuerzo = go out of + Posesivo + way to + Infinitivo.
    * hacer un gran negocio = make + a killing.
    * IGE (Integración a Gran Escala) = LSI (Large Scale Integration).
    * influir en gran medida = become + a force.
    * jaula grande para pájaros = aviary.
    * jugador de grandes apuestas = high roller.
    * la Gran Manzana = the Big Apple.
    * la gran mayoría de = the vast majority of, the bulk of.
    * levantar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * llevarse una (gran) sorpresa = be in for a (big) surprise.
    * lo suficientemente grande = large enough, big enough.
    * más grande = greater.
    * muy grande = big time.
    * Nombre + a gran escala = broad scale + Nombre.
    * no ser gran cosa = not add up to much, add up to + nothing.
    * no ser una gran pérdida = be no great loss.
    * no significar gran cosa = not add up to much.
    * no suponer gran cosa = not add up to much.
    * no valer gran cosa = be no great shakes.
    * pago único y bien grande = fat lump sum.
    * para + Posesivo + gran sorpresa = much to + Posesivo + surprise.
    * pasarlo a lo grande = have + a ball, have + a whale of a time.
    * pasarlo en grande = have + a ball, have + a whale of a time.
    * pasárselo en grande = enjoy + every minute of, love + every minute of it.
    * Pedro el Grande = Peter the Great.
    * pensar a lo grande = think + big.
    * Pie Grande = Bigfoot, Sasquatch.
    * por un gran margen = by a huge margin.
    * producir con gran destreza = craft.
    * provocar un gran alboroto = make + a splash.
    * provocar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * que le presta gran importancia a la cultura = culture-conscious.
    * recorrer grandes distancias = travel + long distances.
    * revista que tiene una gran demanda popular = mass-market journal.
    * ser de gran ayuda para = be a boon to.
    * ser de gran beneficio para = be of great benefit to.
    * ser una gran ayuda = be a tower of strength.
    * ser un gran alivio = be a welcome relief.
    * ser un gran apoyo = be a tower of strength.
    * ser un gran avance = be half the battle.
    * ser un gran paso adelante = be half the battle.
    * taza grande = mug.
    * tener en gran estima = have + a very high regard for.
    * tener gran éxito = hit + a home run, hit it out of + the park, knock it out of + the park.
    * tener gran importancia = be of high significance.
    * tener gran repercusión = be far reaching.
    * tener una gran tradición = have + a long ancestry.
    * tener un gran impacto = have + a big impact.
    * tomar un gran riesgo = play (for) + high stakes.
    * una gran cantidad de = a good deal of, a great deal of, a large degree of, a mass of, a plethora of, a supply of, a vast amount of, a city of, a wealth of, a sea of, a cascade of, an army of, a good many, a huge number of, a great number of, a multitude of, scores of, a host of, a vast corpus of, a whole host of.
    * una gran cantidad y variedad de = a wealth and breadth of.
    * una gran diversidad de = a wide range of, a broad variety of, a wide variety of, a broad range of.
    * una gran experiencia = a wealth of experience.
    * una gran extensión de = a sea of.
    * una gran gama de = a wide range of, a rich tapestry of, a wide band of, a broad variety of, a wide variety of, a broad range of, a whole gamut of.
    * una gran mayoría de = a large proportion of.
    * una gran parte de = a broad population of, a lion's share of.
    * una gran pérdida = a great loss.
    * una gran proporción de = a large proportion of.
    * una gran variedad de = a wide range of, a multiplicity of, a rich tapestry of, a plurality of, a broad variety of, a broad range of, a whole gamut of.
    * un gran espectro de = a wide band of.
    * un gran número de = a good deal of, a great deal of, a plethora of, a wide range of, a full roster of, a fair number of, a great number of, a broad variety of, a wide variety of, a broad range of, a vast corpus of.
    * un gran repertorio de = an arsenal of, an armoury of [armory].
    * un gran volumen de = a vast corpus of.
    * venirle Algo grande a Alguien = get + too big for + Posesivo + breeches.
    * WAN (red de gran alcance) = WAN (wide area network).
    * * *
    I
    adjetivo [ gran is used before singular nouns]
    1)
    a) ( en dimensiones) large, big; <boca/nariz> big
    b) ( en demasía) too big

    me queda or me está grande — it's too big for me

    quedarle grande a alguien — puesto/responsabilidad to be too much for somebody

    2) ( alto) tall
    3) (Geog)
    4) ( en edad)

    los más grandes pueden ir solos — the older o bigger ones can go on their own

    a) (notable, excelente) great

    un gran hombre/vino — a great man/wine

    b) ( poderoso) big
    6)
    a) (en intensidad, grado) great

    me llevé un susto más grande...! — I got such a fright!

    una temporada de gran éxito — a very o a highly successful season

    7)
    a) ( en número) < familia> large, big; < clase> big

    la gran parte or mayoría de los votantes — the great o vast majority of the voters

    b) ( elevado)

    a gran velocidad — at high o great speed

    en grande: lo pasamos en grande — we had a great time (colloq)

    •
    II
    masculino, femenino
    1) (de la industria, el comercio) big o leading name
    2)
    a) ( mayor)

    quiero ir con los grandes — I want to go with the big boys/girls

    b) ( adulto)
    •
    * * *
    = vast [vaster -comp., vastest -sup.], big [bigger -comp., biggest -sup.], bulky, considerable, deep [deeper -comp., deepest -sup.], extensive, great [greater -comp., greatest -sup.], heavy [heavier -comp., heaviest -sup.], high [higher -comp., highest -sup.], huge, large [larger -comp., largest -sup.], large scale [large-scale], tremendous, wide [wider -comp., widest -sup.], goodly [goodlier -comp., goodliest -sup.], abysmal, heavyweight [heavy weight], broad [broader -comp., broadest -sup.], of the highest order.

    Ex: If you add to this other access points, such as collections housed in old people's homes or day centres, prisons, hospitals, youth clubs, playgroups etc the coverage is vast.

    Ex: Fiction is a big item for children and also just for ordinary public library users.
    Ex: Like all enumerative schedules, the LC schedules are bulky, extending to some 8000 pages.
    Ex: The need to become familiar with different command languages for different hosts is a considerable barrier to effective retrieval.
    Ex: The world's largest processing department's plans and policies are always of deep interest.
    Ex: The minutely detailed classification is of the type appropriate to an extensive collection.
    Ex: Clearly, great variations can be expected between different indexing languages for different databases.
    Ex: In fact, the area was well served by a very good neighbourhood advice centre which had a heavy workload of advice and information-giving.
    Ex: Lower specificity will be associated with lower precision but high recall.
    Ex: A user searching for Smith's 'History as Argument' who was not sure under which subject it would be entered, would have to prowl through a huge number of cards in a card catalog to find the entry under SMITH.
    Ex: Serial searching for a string of characters is usually performed on a small subset of a large file.
    Ex: It is in the development of such large-scale services that problems are seen most acutely.
    Ex: There has been tremendous growth in libraries since then, but, fundamentally, it has been possible to build on the foundation that nineteenth-century heroes constructed.
    Ex: The method is sufficiently flexible to allow for wide modifications.
    Ex: However, we must not forget the book which the critics acclaim and which also sells in goodly numbers.
    Ex: The major problem encountered in encouraging young adults to use public libraries is the abysmal lack of specialist young adult librarians = El principal problema que se encuentra para es incentivar a los jóvenes a usar las bibliotecas públicas es la enorme falta de bibliotecarios especialistas en temas relacionados con los adolescentes.
    Ex: Heavyweight information technology firms such as IBM are appearing in the market and challenging traditional players.
    Ex: In 'upper town' streets are broad, quiet, and tree-shaded; the homes are tall and heavy and look like battleships, each anchored in its private sea of grass.
    Ex: I've got to tell you, and I do say this affectionately, but we're talking about a geek of the highest order.
    * a grandes rasgos = broadly, rough draft.
    * a gran escala = large scale [large-scale], massive, on a wide scale, high-volume, wide-scale, on a broad scale, in a big way, on a grand scale.
    * a gran velocidad = at great speed.
    * a lo grande = in a big way, big time, grandly, on a grand scale.
    * armar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * a un gran coste = at (a) great expense.
    * avanzar con gran dificultad = grind on.
    * bastante grande = largish.
    * calabacín grande = marrow, marrow squash.
    * causar una gran sensación = make + a splash.
    * causar un gran alboroto = make + a splash.
    * causar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons, make + a splash.
    * celebrar a lo grande = make + a song and dance about.
    * con gran capacidad = capacious.
    * con gran colorido = brightly coloured.
    * con gran densidad de población = densely populated.
    * con gran dificultad = with great difficulty.
    * con gran esplendor = grandly.
    * con gran iluminación = brightly illuminated.
    * con gran motivación = highly-motivated.
    * con gran sentimiento = earnestly.
    * conseguir en gran medida + Infinitivo = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio.
    * contribuir en gran medida a + Infinitivo = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio, go far in + Gerundio, go far towards + Gerundio.
    * con una gran cultura = well-read.
    * con una gran diferencia = by a huge margin.
    * con una gran tradición = long-standing.
    * con un gran número de lectores = widely-read.
    * con un gran suspiro = with a deep sigh.
    * convertirse en un gran problema = grow to + a crisis.
    * correr un gran riesgo = play (for) + high stakes.
    * crear con gran destreza = craft.
    * dar un gran paso adelante = reach + milestone.
    * de gran ahorro energético = energy-saving.
    * de gran belleza = scenic.
    * de gran calibre = high-calibre.
    * de gran calidad = high-quality, high-grade [high grade], high-calibre.
    * de gran capacidad = large-capacity, high capacity.
    * de gran colorido = brightly coloured.
    * de gran corazón = big-hearted.
    * de gran efecto = wide-reaching.
    * de gran éxito comercial = high selling.
    * de gran formato = oversized.
    * de gran impacto = high impact [high-impact].
    * de gran influencia = seminal.
    * de gran lucidez = clear-sighted.
    * de gran lujo = top-class.
    * de gran potencia = high-powered.
    * de gran repercusión = far-reaching, wide-reaching, far-ranging.
    * de gran talento = talented.
    * de gran valor = highly valued, highly valuable.
    * de gran valor histórico = of great historical value.
    * de gran venta = high selling.
    * demasiado grande = oversized.
    * describir a grandes rasgos = paint + a broad picture.
    * desplazarse grandes distancias = travel + long distances.
    * ejercer una gran influencia en = play + a strong hand in.
    * el gran hermano = big brother.
    * el todo es más grande que la suma de sus partes = the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
    * empresa de grandes derroches = high roller.
    * en gran cantidad = prodigiously.
    * en grandes cantidades = en masse, in good number, in bulk.
    * en grandes números = in record numbers, in record numbers.
    * en gran formato = oversize, oversized.
    * en gran medida = by and large, extensively, greatly, heavily, largely, to a considerable extent, to a high degree, to a large extent, tremendously, vastly, very much, to a great extent, in no small way, to any great degree, in many ways, in large part, in large measure, in no small measure, to a large degree, to a great degree.
    * en gran número = numerously.
    * en gran parte = largely, in large part, in large measure, for the most part, to a great extent, to a great degree.
    * en un gran aprieto = in dire straits.
    * en un gran apuro = in dire straits.
    * esperar una (gran) sorpresa = be in for a (big) surprise.
    * expresión típica de Gran Bretaña = Briticism.
    * extra grande = extra-large.
    * gestión de grandes extensiones para la cría de ganado = range management.
    * gran altura = high altitude.
    * gran aumento = heavy increase.
    * gran bebedor = heavy drinker.
    * gran belleza = scenic beauty.
    * Gran Bretaña = Britain, Great Britain.
    * gran calidad = high standard.
    * gran cantidad de = large crop of, mass of.
    * gran categoría = high standard.
    * gran cosa = big deal.
    * gran danés = Great Dane.
    * Gran Depresión, la = Depression, the, Great Depression, the.
    * grandes almacenes = department store.
    * grandes cantidades de = storerooms of, huge numbers of, huge numbers of, great numbers of.
    * grandes escritores, los = great imaginative writers, the.
    * grandes robles nacen de pequeñas bellotas = great oaks from little acorns grow.
    * grandes sumas de dinero = vast sums of money.
    * grande superficie = shopping mall, shopping complex, shopping centre.
    * grandes y pequeños = great and small.
    * grande y tenebroso = cavernous.
    * gran ducado = grand-duchy.
    * gran espectáculo = extravaganza.
    * gran extensión de tierra dedicada a la cría de animales de pasto = rangeland.
    * gran grupo = constellation.
    * gran mentira = big fat lie.
    * gran nivel = high standard.
    * gran número de = great numbers of.
    * gran pantalla de televisión = large-screen television.
    * gran parte = much.
    * gran parte de = much of.
    * gran peso = heavy weight.
    * gran placer = great pleasure.
    * gran potencia = great power.
    * gran salto adelante = giant leap, great leap forward.
    * gran tiburón blanco = great white shark.
    * gran titular = headline banner.
    * hacer grandes esfuerzos por = take + (great) pains to.
    * hacer grandes progresos = make + great strides.
    * hacer un gran esfuerzo = go out of + Posesivo + way to + Infinitivo.
    * hacer un gran negocio = make + a killing.
    * IGE (Integración a Gran Escala) = LSI (Large Scale Integration).
    * influir en gran medida = become + a force.
    * jaula grande para pájaros = aviary.
    * jugador de grandes apuestas = high roller.
    * la Gran Manzana = the Big Apple.
    * la gran mayoría de = the vast majority of, the bulk of.
    * levantar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * llevarse una (gran) sorpresa = be in for a (big) surprise.
    * lo suficientemente grande = large enough, big enough.
    * más grande = greater.
    * muy grande = big time.
    * Nombre + a gran escala = broad scale + Nombre.
    * no ser gran cosa = not add up to much, add up to + nothing.
    * no ser una gran pérdida = be no great loss.
    * no significar gran cosa = not add up to much.
    * no suponer gran cosa = not add up to much.
    * no valer gran cosa = be no great shakes.
    * pago único y bien grande = fat lump sum.
    * para + Posesivo + gran sorpresa = much to + Posesivo + surprise.
    * pasarlo a lo grande = have + a ball, have + a whale of a time.
    * pasarlo en grande = have + a ball, have + a whale of a time.
    * pasárselo en grande = enjoy + every minute of, love + every minute of it.
    * Pedro el Grande = Peter the Great.
    * pensar a lo grande = think + big.
    * Pie Grande = Bigfoot, Sasquatch.
    * por un gran margen = by a huge margin.
    * producir con gran destreza = craft.
    * provocar un gran alboroto = make + a splash.
    * provocar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * que le presta gran importancia a la cultura = culture-conscious.
    * recorrer grandes distancias = travel + long distances.
    * revista que tiene una gran demanda popular = mass-market journal.
    * ser de gran ayuda para = be a boon to.
    * ser de gran beneficio para = be of great benefit to.
    * ser una gran ayuda = be a tower of strength.
    * ser un gran alivio = be a welcome relief.
    * ser un gran apoyo = be a tower of strength.
    * ser un gran avance = be half the battle.
    * ser un gran paso adelante = be half the battle.
    * taza grande = mug.
    * tener en gran estima = have + a very high regard for.
    * tener gran éxito = hit + a home run, hit it out of + the park, knock it out of + the park.
    * tener gran importancia = be of high significance.
    * tener gran repercusión = be far reaching.
    * tener una gran tradición = have + a long ancestry.
    * tener un gran impacto = have + a big impact.
    * tomar un gran riesgo = play (for) + high stakes.
    * una gran cantidad de = a good deal of, a great deal of, a large degree of, a mass of, a plethora of, a supply of, a vast amount of, a city of, a wealth of, a sea of, a cascade of, an army of, a good many, a huge number of, a great number of, a multitude of, scores of, a host of, a vast corpus of, a whole host of.
    * una gran cantidad y variedad de = a wealth and breadth of.
    * una gran diversidad de = a wide range of, a broad variety of, a wide variety of, a broad range of.
    * una gran experiencia = a wealth of experience.
    * una gran extensión de = a sea of.
    * una gran gama de = a wide range of, a rich tapestry of, a wide band of, a broad variety of, a wide variety of, a broad range of, a whole gamut of.
    * una gran mayoría de = a large proportion of.
    * una gran parte de = a broad population of, a lion's share of.
    * una gran pérdida = a great loss.
    * una gran proporción de = a large proportion of.
    * una gran variedad de = a wide range of, a multiplicity of, a rich tapestry of, a plurality of, a broad variety of, a broad range of, a whole gamut of.
    * un gran espectro de = a wide band of.
    * un gran número de = a good deal of, a great deal of, a plethora of, a wide range of, a full roster of, a fair number of, a great number of, a broad variety of, a wide variety of, a broad range of, a vast corpus of.
    * un gran repertorio de = an arsenal of, an armoury of [armory].
    * un gran volumen de = a vast corpus of.
    * venirle Algo grande a Alguien = get + too big for + Posesivo + breeches.
    * WAN (red de gran alcance) = WAN (wide area network).

    * * *
    A
    1 (en dimensiones) large, big
    se mudaron a una casa más grande they moved to a larger o bigger house
    sus grandes ojos negros her big dark eyes
    un tipo grande, ancho de hombros a big, broad-shouldered guy
    una chica grandota, fortachona ( fam); a big, strong girl, a strapping lass ( BrE colloq)
    tiene la boca/nariz grande she has a big mouth/nose
    2 (en demasía) too big
    ¿esto será grande para Daniel? do you think this is too big for Daniel?
    estos zapatos me quedan or me están grandes these shoes are too big for me
    quedarle or ( Esp) venirle grande a algn «puesto/responsabilidad» to be too much for sb
    B (alto) tall
    ¡qué grande está Andrés! isn't Andrés tall!, hasn't Andrés gotten* tall!
    C ( Geog):
    el Gran Buenos Aires/Bilbao Greater Buenos Aires/Bilbao
    D
    1
    ( esp AmL) ‹niño/chico› (en edad): los más grandes pueden ir solos the older o bigger ones can go on their own
    ya eres grande y puedes comer solito you're a big boy now and you can feed yourself
    cuando sea grande quiero ser bailarina when I grow up I want to be a ballet dancer
    mis hijos ya son grandes my children are all grown up now
    2
    ( Arg) (maduro, mayor): es una mujer grande she isn't a young woman o she's a mature woman
    está saliendo con un tipo grande she's going out with an older guy
    1 (notable, excelente) great
    un gran hombre/artista/vino a great man/artist/wine
    la gran dama del teatro the grande dame of the theater
    los grandes bancos/industriales the big banks/industrialists
    los grandes señores feudales the great feudal lords
    a lo grande in style
    3
    (en importancia): son grandes amigos they're great friends
    grandes fumadores heavy smokers
    F ( fam)
    (increíble): ¡qué cosa más grande! ¡ya te he dicho 20 veces que no lo sé! this is unbelievable! I've told you 20 times already that I don't know!
    ¿no es grande que ahora me echen la culpa a mí? ( iró); and now they blame me; great, isn't it? ( iro)
    G
    1 (en intensidad, grado) great
    me causó una gran pena it caused me great sadness
    me has dado una gran alegría you have made me very happy
    comió con gran apetito she ate hungrily o heartily
    un día de gran calor a very hot day
    los grandes fríos del 47 the great o big freeze of '47
    me llevé un susto más grande … I got such a fright
    para mi gran vergüenza to my great embarrassment
    se produjo una gran explosión there was a powerful explosion
    es un gran honor para mí it is a great honor* for me
    ha sido una temporada de gran éxito it has been a very o a highly successful season
    no corre gran prisa it is not very urgent
    las paredes tienen gran necesidad de una mano de pintura the walls are very much in need of a coat of paint
    2
    (uso enfático): eso es una gran verdad that is absolutely o very true
    ésa es la mentira más grande que he oído that's the biggest lie I've ever heard
    ¡qué gran novedad! ( iró); you don't say! o what a surprise! ( iro)
    H
    1 (en número) ‹familia› large, big; ‹clase› big
    la gran mayoría de los votantes the great o vast majority of the voters
    dedican gran parte de su tiempo a la investigación they devote much of o a great deal of their time to research
    esto se debe en gran parte a que … this is largely due to the fact that …
    2
    (elevado): a gran velocidad at high o great speed
    volar a gran altura to fly at a great height
    un edificio de gran altura a very tall building
    un gran número de personas a large number of people
    objetos de gran valor objects of great value
    en grande: lo pasamos or nos divertimos en grande we had a great time ( colloq)
    Compuestos:
    masculine wide-angle lens
    el gran capital big business
    masculine Great Dane
    la Gran Depresión the Great Depression
    ( Astron): la gran explosión the Big Bang
    la Gran Guerra the Great War
    masculine Big Brother
    el gran hermano te observa or te vigila Big Brother is watching you
    masculine Grand Master
    masculine grand master
    masculine international grand master
    feminine grand opera
    masculine Grand Prix
    el gran público the general public
    el gran simpático the sympathetic nervous system
    feminine ( Esp) large supermarket, hypermarket ( BrE)
    mpl department store
    masculine, feminine
    A (de la industria, el comercio) big o leading name, leading player
    uno de los tres grandes de la industria automovilística one of the big three names o one of the big three in the car industry
    B ( esp AmL)
    1
    (mayor): quiero ir con los grandes I want to go with the big boys/girls
    la grande ya está casada their eldest (daughter) is already married
    2 (adulto) grown-up
    Compuesto:
    (Spanish) grandee o nobleman
    ( RPl)
    la grande the big prize, the jackpot
    sacarse la grande (literal) to win the big prize o the jackpot
    se sacó la grande con ese marido she hit the jackpot with that husband
    * * *

     

    grande adjetivo
    ◊ gran is used before singular nouns

    1
    a) ( en dimensiones) ‹casa/área/nariz› big, large;


    unos grande almacenes a department store


    c) ( en número) ‹ familia› large, big;

    ‹ clase› big;
    la gran parte or mayoría the great majority
    2
    a) ( alto) tall;

    ◊ ¡qué grande está Andrés! isn't Andrés tall!

    b) ( en edad):


    ya son grandes they are all grown up now
    3 (Geog):

    4 ( delante del n)
    a) (notable, excelente) great;


    b) ( poderoso) big;


    a lo grande in style
    5
    a) (en intensidad, grado) ‹pena/honor/ventaja› great;

    ‹ explosión› powerful;
    ◊ ¡me llevé un susto más grande … ! I got such a fright!;

    una temporada de gran éxito a very o a highly successful season;
    son grandes amigos they're great friends;
    eso es una gran verdad that is absolutely true;
    ¡qué mentira más grande! that's a complete lie!
    b) ( elevado):

    ◊ a gran velocidad at high o great speed;

    volar a gran altura to fly at a great height;
    un gran número de personas a large number of people;
    objetos de gran valor objects of great value;
    en grande: lo pasamos en grande we had a great time (colloq)
    ■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
    a) ( mayor):


    b) ( adulto):


    grande adjetivo
    1 (tamaño) big, large
    grandes almacenes, department stores
    2 (cantidad) large
    3 fig (fuerte, intenso) great: es un gran músico, he is a great musician
    ♦ Locuciones: a lo grande, in style
    figurado pasarlo en grande, to have a great time
    ' grande' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abarcar
    - alfombra
    - ampliar
    - ampliación
    - armatoste
    - así
    - bastante
    - bestial
    - bloque
    - buena
    - bueno
    - cabezón
    - cabezona
    - cabezudo
    - cajón
    - calabacín
    - campeonato
    - cantidad
    - canto
    - ciudad
    - colosal
    - consideración
    - fenomenal
    - formidable
    - gran
    - hermosa
    - hermoso
    - incalculable
    - ingeniosa
    - ingenioso
    - mía
    - mío
    - monstruosa
    - monstruoso
    - monumental
    - nuestra
    - nuestro
    - pila
    - puerta
    - quedar
    - señor
    - suficientemente
    - suma
    - sumo
    - terraza
    - tirada
    - tremenda
    - tremendo
    - venir
    - bailar
    English:
    abnormally
    - above
    - ample
    - army
    - awful
    - bag
    - baggy
    - bay
    - big
    - boat
    - border
    - box
    - breaker
    - brush
    - bulk
    - carve
    - cauldron
    - cushion
    - deposit
    - enough
    - extend
    - grand
    - great
    - grow
    - hers
    - in
    - integrate
    - large
    - lion
    - manufacturer
    - marrow
    - mighty
    - mine
    - outrank
    - overgrown
    - paving stone
    - place
    - roller
    - set on
    - set upon
    - slight
    - spanking
    - style
    - tablespoonful
    - tea urn
    - temptation
    - terrific
    - time
    - to
    - tub
    * * *
    grande gran is used instead of grande before singular nouns (e.g. gran hombre great man).
    ♦ adj
    1. [de tamaño] big, large;
    este traje me está o [m5] me queda grande this suit is too big for me;
    el gran Buenos Aires/Santiago greater Buenos Aires/Santiago, the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires/Santiago;
    Fig
    el cargo le viene grande he's not up to the job;
    Fam
    pagó con un billete de los grandes he paid with a large note
    grandes almacenes department store; Fot gran angular wide-angle lens;
    la Gran Barrera de Coral the Great Barrier Reef;
    Gran Bretaña Great Britain;
    gran danés Great Dane;
    Hist la Gran Depresión the Great Depression;
    gran ducado grand duchy;
    la Gran Explosión the Big Bang;
    la Gran Guerra the Great War;
    los Grandes Lagos the Great Lakes;
    gran maestro [en ajedrez] grand master;
    Hist Gran Mogol Mogul;
    la Gran Muralla (China) the Great Wall (of China);
    Dep Gran Premio Grand Prix; Hist el Gran Salto Adelante the Great Leap Forward;
    gran slam [en tenis] grand slam;
    Esp Com gran superficie hypermarket
    2. [de altura] tall;
    ¡qué grande está tu hermano! your brother's really grown!
    3. [en importancia] great;
    una gran mujer a great woman;
    los grandes bancos the major banks;
    la gran mayoría está a favor del proyecto the great o overwhelming majority are in favour of the project;
    el éxito se debe en gran parte a su esfuerzo the success is largely due to her efforts, the success is in no small measure due to her efforts
    4. [en intensidad] great;
    es un gran mentiroso he's a real liar;
    ¡qué alegría más grande! what joy!
    5. Fam [adulto]
    cuando sea grande quiere ser doctora she wants to be a doctor when she grows up;
    me dijeron que todavía no soy grande como para salir solo they told me I'm not big enough to go out on my own yet
    6. Méx, RP [de edad]
    cuando se casó ya era grande she was already quite old when she got married;
    siempre se llevó bien con gente más grande he always got on well with older people
    7. RP Fam [fantástico] fantastic, Br brilliant
    8. RP Irónico [genial] great;
    ayer le hice un favor y hoy me vuelve la espalda, ¡grande! great! I did him a favour and now he doesn't want to know!
    9. Comp
    Fam
    hacer algo a lo grande to do sth in a big way o in style;
    vivir a lo grande to live in style;
    pasarlo en grande to have a great time
    ♦ nm
    1. [noble] grandee
    Grande de España = one of highest-ranking members of Spanish nobility
    2. [persona, entidad importante]
    uno de los grandes del sector one of the major players in the sector;
    los tres grandes de la liga the big three in the league;
    uno de los grandes de la literatura mexicana one of the big names in Mexican literature
    3. Fam
    grandes [adultos] grown-ups
    ♦ nf
    RP [en lotería] first prize, jackpot;
    sacarse la grande [en lotería] to win first prize o the jackpot;
    se sacó la grande con ese trabajo [tuvo buena suerte] she hit the jackpot with that job;
    con esa nuera que tiene le tocó la grande [tuvo mala suerte] you've got to feel sorry for her having a daughter-in-law like that
    ♦ interj
    RP Fam [fantástico] great!
    * * *
    I adj
    1 big, large;
    me viene grande the jacket is too big for me;
    el cargo le viene grande the job is too much for him
    2
    :
    a lo grande in style;
    pasarlo en grande have a great time
    II m/f
    1 L.Am. ( adulto) grown-up, adult;
    grandes y pequeños young and old
    2 ( mayor) eldest
    * * *
    1) : large, big
    un libro grande: a big book
    2) alto: tall
    3) notable: great
    un gran autor: a great writer
    con gran placer: with great pleasure
    5) : old, grown-up
    hijos grandes: grown children
    * * *
    grande adj
    1. (tamaño) big [comp. bigger; superl. biggest]
    ¿es muy grande el jardín? is the garden very big?
    2. (número, cantidad) large
    3. (importante) great

    Spanish-English dictionary > grande

  • 7 especial

    adj.
    1 special (adecuado, excepcional).
    hoy es un día especial, celebramos nuestro aniversario today's a special day, we're celebrating our anniversary
    tienen especial interés en conocerte they're especially interested in meeting you
    especial para specially for
    2 peculiar, strange.
    m.
    special (programa).
    un especial informativo a news special
    * * *
    1 (gen) special
    2 (remilgado) fussy ( para, about), finicky ( para, about)
    \
    en especial especially
    especial para... suitable for...
    * * *
    adj.
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) [para un fin concreto] [dieta, permiso] special
    educación 1), enviado
    2) (=extraordinario) special
    3)

    en especial — especially, particularly

    pedimos disculpas a todos, y en especial a... — we apologize to everyone, and especially o particularly to...

    ¿desea ver a alguien en especial? — is there anybody in particular you want to see?

    4) (=quisquilloso) fussy

    ¡qué especial eres con la comida! — you're such a fussy eater!

    5) (=extraño) peculiar
    2. SM
    1) (TV) (tb: programa especial) special
    2) Méx (Teat) show
    3) [para comer] Cono Sur baguette, sub sandwich (EEUU); Chile hot dog
    * * *
    I
    a) ( para uso específico) special

    en especial — especially, particularly

    nada/nadie en especial — nothing/nobody in particular

    b) ( excepcional) special
    c) ( difícil) <persona/carácter> fussy

    qué especial eres para comer! — you're so picky o fussy about your food! (colloq)

    II
    masculino (TV) special (program*)
    * * *
    = ad hoc, one-off, special, specified, gala, particular, with a difference.
    Ex. Begun in 1973, CONSER was conceived by an ad hoc discussion group on Serials Data Bases of American and Canadian librarians.
    Ex. Associated with full-time staffing reductions has been the virtual elimination of part-time teachers and ' one-off' expert lecturers.
    Ex. Some categories of material defy helpful categorisation, and need to be treated as special cases.
    Ex. If access is limited to certain specified times, the term 'off-line' is applied.
    Ex. The 3 elements of the event are: weekday visits; evening sessions; and 'Super Saturday' gala days.
    Ex. It is possible to identify an item uniquely within a particular institution or agency by a running accession number.
    Ex. The article 'Web authoring with a difference' reviews the current authoring tools available for organizations wishing to become involved in the World Wide Web (WWW).
    ----
    * a precio especial = discounted, cut-rate, cut-price.
    * a precios especiales = at preferential rates.
    * a tarifas especiales = at preferential rates.
    * a un precio especial = at a discount.
    * celebrar una ocasión especial = mark + a special occasion.
    * día memorable = red-letter day.
    * efecto especial = special effect.
    * especial apertura = opening special.
    * invitado especial = special guest.
    * merecer mención especial = deserve + special mention.
    * niño con necesidades especiales = special needs child.
    * oferta especial = special offer.
    * precio especial = discounted price, discount price, preferential rate.
    * precio especial por compra al por mayor = bulk deal.
    * prestar especial atención = focus.
    * ser de un valor especial = be of particular value.
    * servicio especial de autobuses = bus shuttle service, bus shuttle, shuttle bus service, shuttle bus.
    * servicio especial de transporte = shuttle service, shuttle.
    * sin condiciones especiales = with no strings attached.
    * tarifa especial = preferential rate.
    * tarifa especial por inscripción anticipada = early-bird registration fee.
    * tecnología adaptada a usuarios con necesidades especiales = assistive technology.
    * tener un valor especial = be of particular value.
    * trato especial = special treatment.
    * * *
    I
    a) ( para uso específico) special

    en especial — especially, particularly

    nada/nadie en especial — nothing/nobody in particular

    b) ( excepcional) special
    c) ( difícil) <persona/carácter> fussy

    qué especial eres para comer! — you're so picky o fussy about your food! (colloq)

    II
    masculino (TV) special (program*)
    * * *
    = ad hoc, one-off, special, specified, gala, particular, with a difference.

    Ex: Begun in 1973, CONSER was conceived by an ad hoc discussion group on Serials Data Bases of American and Canadian librarians.

    Ex: Associated with full-time staffing reductions has been the virtual elimination of part-time teachers and ' one-off' expert lecturers.
    Ex: Some categories of material defy helpful categorisation, and need to be treated as special cases.
    Ex: If access is limited to certain specified times, the term 'off-line' is applied.
    Ex: The 3 elements of the event are: weekday visits; evening sessions; and 'Super Saturday' gala days.
    Ex: It is possible to identify an item uniquely within a particular institution or agency by a running accession number.
    Ex: The article 'Web authoring with a difference' reviews the current authoring tools available for organizations wishing to become involved in the World Wide Web (WWW).
    * a precio especial = discounted, cut-rate, cut-price.
    * a precios especiales = at preferential rates.
    * a tarifas especiales = at preferential rates.
    * a un precio especial = at a discount.
    * celebrar una ocasión especial = mark + a special occasion.
    * día memorable = red-letter day.
    * efecto especial = special effect.
    * especial apertura = opening special.
    * invitado especial = special guest.
    * merecer mención especial = deserve + special mention.
    * niño con necesidades especiales = special needs child.
    * oferta especial = special offer.
    * precio especial = discounted price, discount price, preferential rate.
    * precio especial por compra al por mayor = bulk deal.
    * prestar especial atención = focus.
    * ser de un valor especial = be of particular value.
    * servicio especial de autobuses = bus shuttle service, bus shuttle, shuttle bus service, shuttle bus.
    * servicio especial de transporte = shuttle service, shuttle.
    * sin condiciones especiales = with no strings attached.
    * tarifa especial = preferential rate.
    * tarifa especial por inscripción anticipada = early-bird registration fee.
    * tecnología adaptada a usuarios con necesidades especiales = assistive technology.
    * tener un valor especial = be of particular value.
    * trato especial = special treatment.

    * * *
    una dieta especial para diabéticos a special diet for diabetics
    en especial especially
    todas sus hijas son muy guapas, la mayor en especial all his daughters are very pretty, especially o particularly the eldest
    ¿quería hablar con alguien en especial? did you want to speak to anyone in particular?
    2 (excepcional) special
    hoy es un día muy especial para mí today is a very special day for me
    un vestido para ocasiones especiales a dress for special occasions
    3 (difícil) ‹persona/carácter› fussy
    son muy especiales, nada les viene bien they're very difficult (to please) o very fussy, nothing's ever quite right for them
    ¡qué especial eres para comer! you're so picky o fussy about your food! ( colloq)
    A (TV) special, special program*
    especial informativo/deportivo news/sports special
    B ( RPl)
    1 (sandwich) submarine ( AmE), baguette ( BrE)
    un especial de jamón y queso a ham and cheese baguette, a ham and cheese sandwich on French bread
    2 ( Chi) (perro caliente) hot dog
    * * *

     

    Multiple Entries:
    algo especial    
    especial
    especial adjetivo


    nadie en especial nobody in particular;
    un día muy especial para mí a very special day for me
    b) ( difícil) ‹persona/carácter› fussy

    especial adjetivo special
    ♦ Locuciones: en especial, especially
    ' especial' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    dotada
    - dotado
    - enviado
    - GEO
    - química
    - ver
    - común
    - interés
    - investigación
    - ordinario
    - particular
    - preferente
    English:
    bodybuilding
    - bonus
    - craft
    - envoy
    - extra
    - grand
    - greasy
    - grown-up
    - merit
    - particular
    - section
    - special
    - task force
    - treatment
    - ad hoc
    - cameo
    - certain
    - distinction
    - star
    - treasure
    - trial
    * * *
    ♦ adj
    1. [adecuado] special;
    especial para especially for;
    lejía especial para lavadoras bleach especially for washing machines;
    una oferta especial para nuestros clientes a special offer for our customers
    2. [particular, excepcional] special;
    hoy es un día especial, celebramos nuestro aniversario today's a special day, we're celebrating our anniversary;
    tienen especial interés en conocerte they're especially interested in meeting you;
    recibe un trato especial por ser discapacitado he receives special treatment because he is disabled
    3. [peculiar] peculiar, strange;
    esa forma tan especial que tiene de mirar that peculiar o strange way he has of looking at you
    4. [quisquilloso] fussy;
    es muy especial con la comida he's very fussy about his food, he's a very fussy eater
    ♦ nm
    1. [programa] special;
    un especial informativo a news special
    2. Chile [perrito caliente] = hot dog with mayonnaise
    3. RP [sándwich] Br baguette, US sub;
    un especial de pavita Br a turkey baguette, US a turkey sub
    ♦ en especial loc adv
    especially, particularly;
    me gusta la pasta, en especial los macarrones I like pasta, especially macaroni;
    ¿alguno en especial? any one in particular?
    * * *
    adj
    1 special;
    en especial especially;
    nada en especial nothing special
    2 ( difícil) fussy
    * * *
    especial adj & nm
    : special
    * * *
    1. (en general) special
    2. (quisquilloso) fussy [comp. fussier; superl. fussiest]

    Spanish-English dictionary > especial

  • 8 invalidar

    v.
    to invalidate.
    * * *
    1 to invalidate
    * * *
    VT [+ certificado, resultado] to invalidate, nullify; [+ decisión] to reverse; [+ leyes] to repeal
    * * *
    verbo transitivo < documento> to invalidate, nullify; <premisa/argumento> to invalidate
    * * *
    = negate, override, overturn, render + redundant, render + suspect, render + wrong, rule out, rule out, short-circuit [shortcircuit], stultify, eviscerate, deflate, invalidate, preempt [pre-empt], pull + the plug on, overrule, void, make + redundant.
    Ex. Thus excessive delays in the availability of cataloguing records from the central agency will negate much of the value of a central service.
    Ex. On the final screen in the sequence, the default values for today's closing time and tomorrow's opening time may be overridden.
    Ex. However, any refinement involves greater human intervention, and this in turn can easily overturn the arguments in favour of subject indexes based upon titles.
    Ex. We need to replace those aspects of traditional public library service which have been taken over by other media or rendered redundant by social change.
    Ex. Poor standards of cataloguing in the past render many examples of retrospective music bibliography suspect.
    Ex. Further, changes in the external world serve to render judgments, valid at the moment, wrong at best, and detrimental to the effectiveness of the catalog at worst.
    Ex. If, however, we index documents about primary schools under the term primary school, we can immediately rule out a lot of irrelevant documents in our search.
    Ex. If, however, we index documents about primary schools under the term primary school, we can immediately rule out a lot of irrelevant documents in our search.
    Ex. There is little modulation, whole steps of division being short-circuited and an odd assembly of terms being frequently found: e.g.: LAW see also JURY, JUDGES.
    Ex. Excessive standardisation also tends to stultify development and improvement of IT products.
    Ex. Also, to become emotionally wedded to a particular view is to eviscerate one's effectiveness in achieving a workable solution.
    Ex. These developments deflate some traditional assumptions about and privileges associated with scientific and technical knowledge.
    Ex. However, in November 1976, with the eighth edition still hot from the press, the decision to revert wholly to indirect subdivision was implemented, thus invalidating a substantial part of the Introduction to the eighth edition.
    Ex. This article concludes that the main value of the indicators is as a management tool, as a means of preempting problems.
    Ex. However, the effects of media conglomeration on Times Mirror for bottom line results would pull the plug on the New York venture that was nearing its provisional term and beginning to show positive results.
    Ex. President Eisenhower overruled some of his military commanders in summer 1958, ordering them not to use nuclear weapons against China.
    Ex. However, in the case when the user's input fails, we would like to void the reserved funds.
    Ex. In one breath you say it's not very valuable and technologies will soon be here to make it redundant and in the next breath boast of its capabilities - you just can't have it both ways!.
    ----
    * invalidar las críticas = disarm + criticism.
    * invalidar las quejas = disarm + complaints.
    * invalidar un argumento = invalidate + argument.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo < documento> to invalidate, nullify; <premisa/argumento> to invalidate
    * * *
    = negate, override, overturn, render + redundant, render + suspect, render + wrong, rule out, rule out, short-circuit [shortcircuit], stultify, eviscerate, deflate, invalidate, preempt [pre-empt], pull + the plug on, overrule, void, make + redundant.

    Ex: Thus excessive delays in the availability of cataloguing records from the central agency will negate much of the value of a central service.

    Ex: On the final screen in the sequence, the default values for today's closing time and tomorrow's opening time may be overridden.
    Ex: However, any refinement involves greater human intervention, and this in turn can easily overturn the arguments in favour of subject indexes based upon titles.
    Ex: We need to replace those aspects of traditional public library service which have been taken over by other media or rendered redundant by social change.
    Ex: Poor standards of cataloguing in the past render many examples of retrospective music bibliography suspect.
    Ex: Further, changes in the external world serve to render judgments, valid at the moment, wrong at best, and detrimental to the effectiveness of the catalog at worst.
    Ex: If, however, we index documents about primary schools under the term primary school, we can immediately rule out a lot of irrelevant documents in our search.
    Ex: If, however, we index documents about primary schools under the term primary school, we can immediately rule out a lot of irrelevant documents in our search.
    Ex: There is little modulation, whole steps of division being short-circuited and an odd assembly of terms being frequently found: e.g.: LAW see also JURY, JUDGES.
    Ex: Excessive standardisation also tends to stultify development and improvement of IT products.
    Ex: Also, to become emotionally wedded to a particular view is to eviscerate one's effectiveness in achieving a workable solution.
    Ex: These developments deflate some traditional assumptions about and privileges associated with scientific and technical knowledge.
    Ex: However, in November 1976, with the eighth edition still hot from the press, the decision to revert wholly to indirect subdivision was implemented, thus invalidating a substantial part of the Introduction to the eighth edition.
    Ex: This article concludes that the main value of the indicators is as a management tool, as a means of preempting problems.
    Ex: However, the effects of media conglomeration on Times Mirror for bottom line results would pull the plug on the New York venture that was nearing its provisional term and beginning to show positive results.
    Ex: President Eisenhower overruled some of his military commanders in summer 1958, ordering them not to use nuclear weapons against China.
    Ex: However, in the case when the user's input fails, we would like to void the reserved funds.
    Ex: In one breath you say it's not very valuable and technologies will soon be here to make it redundant and in the next breath boast of its capabilities - you just can't have it both ways!.
    * invalidar las críticas = disarm + criticism.
    * invalidar las quejas = disarm + complaints.
    * invalidar un argumento = invalidate + argument.

    * * *
    invalidar [A1 ]
    vt
    ‹documento› to invalidate, nullify; ‹premisa/argumento› to invalidate
    * * *

    invalidar verbo transitivo to invalidate
    ' invalidar' also found in these entries:
    English:
    invalidate
    - negate
    - overrule
    - over
    * * *
    [sujeto: circunstancias] to invalidate; [sujeto: juez] to declare invalid;
    les invalidaron dos goles they had two goals disallowed
    * * *
    v/t invalidate
    * * *
    : to nullify, to invalidate

    Spanish-English dictionary > invalidar

  • 9 соответствовать установившейся практике

    Соответствовать установившейся практике-- The basic composition of the bath corresponds to usual practice. Соответствующий - appropriate (to); associated, involved, applicable, relevant, along the lines of (имеющий отношение к делу); proper, suitable, matching (подходящий); commensurate with, associated, corresponding (связанный зависимостью); corresponding, respective (при сопоставлении нескольких результатов, деталей); conforming to, complying with (подчиняющийся)
     The appropriate values are shown in Table and Fig.
     Physical properties appropriate to methanol boiling at atmospheric pressure were used throughout this analysis.
     It is important to note that the engine contained the normal regenerator disk and associated seals.
     It is possible that it [resonance] is not recognized as the casual agent and a general beefing-up of the parts involved is undertaken as a fix for the problem.
     The supplier shall establish procedures for identifying the product from applicable drawings.
     sT, sr are the stresses to give a specific strain or rupture in the lifetime of the vessel at the relevant temperature.
     Emergency shower, drench hose, and combination units are not a substitute for proper primary protective devices.
     A manipulator along the lines of Fig. has been examined by X.
     It is preferable to accept weaker weld metals with good ductility, rather than a weld metal which has matching strength but poor ductility.
     The atomizing air is preheated to the same temperature as the heated (temperature commensurate with 100 SSU viscosity) residual fuel oil entering the burner oil tube.
     Over the past few decades the generator capacity has been increasing steadily, warranting a corresponding increase in the rotor diameter.
     The initially measured value of the drag coefficient in each run is 10 percent to 12 percent higher than the corresponding steady-state value.
     Surrounding the stagnation zone are streak lines indicating that the fluid adjacent to the plate surface is flowing outward toward the respective edges.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > соответствовать установившейся практике

  • 10 adicional

    adj.
    additional.
    * * *
    1 additional
    * * *
    adj.
    * * *
    ADJ (=complementario) additional, extra; (Inform) add-on
    * * *
    adjetivo additional
    * * *
    = accompanying, additional, supplementary, supplemental.
    Ex. A summary differs from an abstract in that it assumes that the reader will have the opportunity to peruse the accompanying text.
    Ex. The note area is the part of the description where it is permitted to include any additional information which the cataloguer feels may be of value to the user.
    Ex. The hierarchical relationships associated with selected index terms may be revealed by displaying related terms beneath such terms in a supplementary list in the thesaurus.
    Ex. Supplemental information was gathered about each library from Bowker's American Library Directory.
    ----
    * ingrediente adicional de la pizza = pizza topping.
    * resultado adicional = by-product [byproduct].
    * sin costo adicional alguno = at no extra charge.
    * tiempo adicional = extra-time.
    * * *
    adjetivo additional
    * * *
    = accompanying, additional, supplementary, supplemental.

    Ex: A summary differs from an abstract in that it assumes that the reader will have the opportunity to peruse the accompanying text.

    Ex: The note area is the part of the description where it is permitted to include any additional information which the cataloguer feels may be of value to the user.
    Ex: The hierarchical relationships associated with selected index terms may be revealed by displaying related terms beneath such terms in a supplementary list in the thesaurus.
    Ex: Supplemental information was gathered about each library from Bowker's American Library Directory.
    * ingrediente adicional de la pizza = pizza topping.
    * resultado adicional = by-product [byproduct].
    * sin costo adicional alguno = at no extra charge.
    * tiempo adicional = extra-time.

    * * *
    additional
    hay que pagar una cantidad adicional you have to pay a supplement o pay extra
    * * *

     

    adicional adjetivo
    additional;

    adicional adjetivo additional

    ' adicional' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    extra
    - otra
    - otro
    - complementario
    English:
    additional
    - backup
    - extra
    - further
    - rider
    - supplementary
    - add
    - fringe
    - incidental
    * * *
    additional;
    hubo que contratar a personal adicional durante la temporada alta we had to take on extra o additional staff during the high season
    * * *
    adj additional
    * * *
    : additional
    * * *
    adicional adj additional / extra

    Spanish-English dictionary > adicional

  • 11 comenzar

    v.
    to start, to begin.
    comenzar diciendo que… to start o begin by saying that…
    comenzar a hacer algo to start doing o to do something
    comenzar por hacer algo to begin by doing something
    “hiena” comienza por hache “hyena” starts with an “h”
    el partido comenzó tarde the game started late
    La fiesta empezó tarde The party began late.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ EMPEZAR], like link=empezar empezar
    1 to begin, start
    1 to begin, start
    ■ comenzó a reír he began to laugh, he began laughing
    \
    comenzar con to begin with
    comenzar + gerund to start by + gerund
    ■ comenzó explicando... he started by explaining...
    comenzar por + inf to begin by +-ing
    ■ comenzó por decir que... he began by saying that...
    comenzar por el principio to begin at the beginning, start at the beginning
    ————————
    to start by + gerund
    ■ comenzó explicando... he started by explaining...
    * * *
    verb
    to begin, start
    * * *
    1.
    VT to begin, start, commence frm

    comenzamos el rodaje ayer — we began o started o commenced frm filming yesterday

    comenzó la charla con un agradecimiento — she began o started the talk with a word of thanks

    2.
    VI [proyecto, campaña, historia, proceso] to begin, start

    ¿puedo comenzar? — may I start o begin?, can I start o begin?

    comenzó a los diez años haciendo recados — he began o started at the age of ten as a messenger boy

    al comenzar el año — at the start o beginning of the year

    • comenzar a hacer algo — to start o begin doing sth, start o begin to do sth

    la nieve comenzó a caer de nuevo — the snow started falling again, the snow began to fall again

    comencé a trabajar a los dieciocho años — I started o began working at eighteen

    • comenzar con algo, la película comienza con una pelea — the film starts o begins with a fight

    • para comenzar — to start with

    para comenzar, una sopa de verduras — to start with, vegetable soup

    • comenzar por, no sé por dónde comenzar — I don't know where to start o begin

    comenzó por agradecernos nuestra presencia — she started o began by thanking us for coming

    para sentirte mejor, comienza por comer bien — in order to feel better, start by eating well

    todos sois culpables, comenzando por ti — you're all guilty, starting with you

    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo to begin, commence (frml)
    2.
    comenzar vi to begin

    comenzar + ger — to begin by -ing

    comenzar a + inf — to start -ing o to + inf

    comenzar POR + inf — to begin by -ing

    * * *
    = begin, commence, get + started, launch, set about + Gerundio, start, start off, start out, start + Posesivo + life, curtain + rise, enter, kick off, set out, take + flight, get + Nombre + underway, be scheduled to start, get + Posesivo + feet wet, set in, cut + Posesivo + spurs.
    Ex. This section has begun to demonstrate some of the problems associated with the author approach.
    Ex. This stop list is input to the computer before indexing can commence, and is a list of the words which appear in text which have no value as access words in an index.
    Ex. 'We'll get started as soon as everyone arrives,' the executive director shook her hand and smiled graciously.
    Ex. It describes an attempt by leaders in the CD-ROM business to launch a logical file structure standard for CD-ROM.
    Ex. The CRG set about trying to define a series of integrative levels upon which it would be possible to base the main classes and their order for a new general classification scheme.
    Ex. Over the past two to three years the numbers of full text data bases and data banks has started to escalate considerably.
    Ex. If you establish a principle of using the national language, where do you start off?.
    Ex. The preliminary discussions and proposals which led up to the AACR, did start out with an attempt to fashion an ideology, a philosophical context, for those rules.
    Ex. In effect, the book started its life rather more as a light entertainment middle-of-the-range hardback autobiography but popular acclaim turned it into a huge mass-market paperback success.
    Ex. One of the main contributions in this issue is 'Future directions: the curtain rises on interactive video,' by David Hon.
    Ex. Though the reference librarian cannot enter the reference process until he receives the question from the enquirer he is vitally concerned about all of its stages.
    Ex. The article is entitled 'The bucks start here: ALA kicks off library funding campaign'.
    Ex. The person seeking information needs to have all the necessary documentation before setting out, otherwise it could result in considerable expense and much time wasting.
    Ex. The article 'ALA campaign takes flight

    the local level' reports on a five year public education programme sponsored by the American Library Association to promote all types of libraries throughout the USA.

    Ex. The author describes two surveys which the IFLA Section has been involved in to acquire the information necessary to get the project underway.
    Ex. CAPTAIN is scheduled to start commercial services in 1983.
    Ex. Coming clean to voters is something she's gonna have to get used to if she is really serious about getting her feet wet in elected politics.
    Ex. Open or compound fractures were usually fatal prior to the advent of antiseptics in the 1860s because infection would set in.
    Ex. Lorene, who cut her spurs fighting for equal pay, said she was `absolutely gobsmacked' at having won the award.
    ----
    * al comenzar = at startup.
    * comenzar a = be on + Posesivo + way to.
    * comenzar a arder = catch on + fire.
    * comenzar Algo = get + Nombre + started.
    * comenzar Algo con buen pie = start + Nombre + off on the right foot.
    * comenzar a luchar contra = begin + war on.
    * comenzar a pensar en = turn + Posesivo + mind to.
    * comenzar a reír = break into + laugh.
    * comenzar bien = get off to + a (good/great) start, make + a good start.
    * comenzar con buen pie = start + Nombre + on the right footing.
    * comenzar de cero = begin + from scratch, start from + scratch, start at + ground zero.
    * comenzar de nuevo = start + all over again, recommence, make + a new start, start over, make + a fresh start.
    * comenzar desde = set out from.
    * comenzar desde cero = start at + ground zero.
    * comenzar desde la base = start at + ground zero.
    * comenzar el turno de trabajo = go on + duty.
    * comenzar lento = be slow off the mark, be slow off the blocks.
    * comenzar muy rápido = be off to a fast start.
    * comenzar partiendo de cero = build + from scratch.
    * comenzar por el principio = start from + scratch, start from + scratch, start at + ground zero.
    * comenzar pronto = make + an early start.
    * comenzar rápido = be quick off the mark, be quick off the blocks.
    * comenzar temprano = get off to + an early start.
    * comenzar una nueva vida = make + a new life for + Reflexivo.
    * para comenzar diremos que = to begin with.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo to begin, commence (frml)
    2.
    comenzar vi to begin

    comenzar + ger — to begin by -ing

    comenzar a + inf — to start -ing o to + inf

    comenzar POR + inf — to begin by -ing

    * * *
    = begin, commence, get + started, launch, set about + Gerundio, start, start off, start out, start + Posesivo + life, curtain + rise, enter, kick off, set out, take + flight, get + Nombre + underway, be scheduled to start, get + Posesivo + feet wet, set in, cut + Posesivo + spurs.

    Ex: This section has begun to demonstrate some of the problems associated with the author approach.

    Ex: This stop list is input to the computer before indexing can commence, and is a list of the words which appear in text which have no value as access words in an index.
    Ex: 'We'll get started as soon as everyone arrives,' the executive director shook her hand and smiled graciously.
    Ex: It describes an attempt by leaders in the CD-ROM business to launch a logical file structure standard for CD-ROM.
    Ex: The CRG set about trying to define a series of integrative levels upon which it would be possible to base the main classes and their order for a new general classification scheme.
    Ex: Over the past two to three years the numbers of full text data bases and data banks has started to escalate considerably.
    Ex: If you establish a principle of using the national language, where do you start off?.
    Ex: The preliminary discussions and proposals which led up to the AACR, did start out with an attempt to fashion an ideology, a philosophical context, for those rules.
    Ex: In effect, the book started its life rather more as a light entertainment middle-of-the-range hardback autobiography but popular acclaim turned it into a huge mass-market paperback success.
    Ex: One of the main contributions in this issue is 'Future directions: the curtain rises on interactive video,' by David Hon.
    Ex: Though the reference librarian cannot enter the reference process until he receives the question from the enquirer he is vitally concerned about all of its stages.
    Ex: The article is entitled 'The bucks start here: ALA kicks off library funding campaign'.
    Ex: The person seeking information needs to have all the necessary documentation before setting out, otherwise it could result in considerable expense and much time wasting.
    Ex: The article 'ALA campaign takes flight \@ the local level' reports on a five year public education programme sponsored by the American Library Association to promote all types of libraries throughout the USA.
    Ex: The author describes two surveys which the IFLA Section has been involved in to acquire the information necessary to get the project underway.
    Ex: CAPTAIN is scheduled to start commercial services in 1983.
    Ex: Coming clean to voters is something she's gonna have to get used to if she is really serious about getting her feet wet in elected politics.
    Ex: Open or compound fractures were usually fatal prior to the advent of antiseptics in the 1860s because infection would set in.
    Ex: Lorene, who cut her spurs fighting for equal pay, said she was `absolutely gobsmacked' at having won the award.
    * al comenzar = at startup.
    * comenzar a = be on + Posesivo + way to.
    * comenzar a arder = catch on + fire.
    * comenzar Algo = get + Nombre + started.
    * comenzar Algo con buen pie = start + Nombre + off on the right foot.
    * comenzar a luchar contra = begin + war on.
    * comenzar a pensar en = turn + Posesivo + mind to.
    * comenzar a reír = break into + laugh.
    * comenzar bien = get off to + a (good/great) start, make + a good start.
    * comenzar con buen pie = start + Nombre + on the right footing.
    * comenzar de cero = begin + from scratch, start from + scratch, start at + ground zero.
    * comenzar de nuevo = start + all over again, recommence, make + a new start, start over, make + a fresh start.
    * comenzar desde = set out from.
    * comenzar desde cero = start at + ground zero.
    * comenzar desde la base = start at + ground zero.
    * comenzar el turno de trabajo = go on + duty.
    * comenzar lento = be slow off the mark, be slow off the blocks.
    * comenzar muy rápido = be off to a fast start.
    * comenzar partiendo de cero = build + from scratch.
    * comenzar por el principio = start from + scratch, start from + scratch, start at + ground zero.
    * comenzar pronto = make + an early start.
    * comenzar rápido = be quick off the mark, be quick off the blocks.
    * comenzar temprano = get off to + an early start.
    * comenzar una nueva vida = make + a new life for + Reflexivo.
    * para comenzar diremos que = to begin with.

    * * *
    comenzar [A6 ]
    vt
    to begin, commence ( frml)
    ■ comenzar
    vi
    to begin
    al comenzar el día at the beginning of the day
    comenzaré contigo I will begin o start with you
    comenzar + GER to begin BY -ING
    comenzó diciendo que … she began o ( frml) commenced by saying that …
    comenzar A + INF:
    comenzaron a disparar they started firing o to fire, they opened fire
    comenzar POR algo to begin WITH sth
    comencemos por la catedral let us begin with the cathedral
    comenzar POR + INF to begin BY -ING
    comenzaron por amenazarme they began by threatening me
    * * *

     

    comenzar ( conjugate comenzar) verbo transitivo
    to begin, commence (frml)
    verbo intransitivo
    to begin;

    comenzar haciendo algo/por hacer algo to begin by doing sth;
    comenzar a hacer algo to start doing o to do sth;
    comenzaron a disparar they started firing o to fire;
    comenzar por algo to begin with sth
    comenzar verbo transitivo & verbo intransitivo to begin, start
    (a realizar una acción) comenzó a decir barbaridades, he started talking nonsense
    (una serie de acciones) comenzamos por mostrar nuestro desacuerdo, we started by showing our disagreement ➣ Ver nota en begin y start

    ' comenzar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    balbucear
    - desencadenarse
    - despuntar
    - entrar
    - iniciarse
    - comience
    English:
    afresh
    - begin
    - come on
    - commence
    - dawn
    - emigrate
    - foot
    - go-ahead
    - open
    - set in
    - start
    - start off
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    to start, to begin;
    comenzar diciendo que… to start o begin by saying that…
    ♦ vi
    to start, to begin;
    comenzar a hacer algo to start doing o to do sth;
    comenzar por hacer algo to begin by doing sth;
    “hiena” comienza por hache “hyena” starts with an “h”;
    el partido comenzó tarde the game started late
    * * *
    v/t begin
    * * *
    comenzar {29} v
    empezar: to begin, to start
    * * *
    comenzar vb to start / to begin [pt. began; pp. begun]

    Spanish-English dictionary > comenzar

  • 12 complementario

    adj.
    1 complementary, complemental, completing, supplemental.
    2 adjunct.
    * * *
    1 complementary
    * * *
    (f. - complementaria)
    adj.
    * * *
    1.
    ADJ [gen] complementary
    2.
    SM [en lotería] bonus number
    * * *
    - ria adjetivo
    1) <trabajos/personalidades> complementary; <ángulos/colores> complementary
    2) ( adicional) additional
    * * *
    = additional, follow-up, supplementary, supporting, fringe, supplemental, integrative.
    Ex. The note area is the part of the description where it is permitted to include any additional information which the cataloguer feels may be of value to the user.
    Ex. This order receives the same follow-up treatment as other orders in the files.
    Ex. The hierarchical relationships associated with selected index terms may be revealed by displaying related terms beneath such terms in a supplementary list in the thesaurus.
    Ex. However, it doesn't take very long before the supporting machine file attains greater importance than the manual catalog.
    Ex. Libraries must also attempt to draw in the public by promoting fringe activities such as art exhibitions, concerts, talks by writers, craft demonstrations and films.
    Ex. Supplemental information was gathered about each library from Bowker's American Library Directory.
    Ex. The CRG set about trying to define a series of integrative levels upon which it would be possible to base the main classes and their order for a new general classification scheme.
    ----
    * actividad complementaria = follow-up activity.
    * complementario (de) = complementary (to).
    * de forma complementaria = complimentarily.
    * de modo complementario = complimentarily.
    * ejercicio complementario = follow-up activity.
    * exploración complementaria = diagnostic test.
    * ser complementario = be integral one to another.
    * ser complementario el uno del otro = be integral one to another.
    * ser complementarios = be integral one to another.
    * subtítulo y/o información complementaria sobre el título = other title information.
    * tarea complementaria = follow-up activity.
    * * *
    - ria adjetivo
    1) <trabajos/personalidades> complementary; <ángulos/colores> complementary
    2) ( adicional) additional
    * * *
    complementario(de)

    Ex: A full classification scheme, complementary to the thesaurus, is the most thorough means of indicating the relationships between the terms in a thesaurus.

    = additional, follow-up, supplementary, supporting, fringe, supplemental, integrative.

    Ex: The note area is the part of the description where it is permitted to include any additional information which the cataloguer feels may be of value to the user.

    Ex: This order receives the same follow-up treatment as other orders in the files.
    Ex: The hierarchical relationships associated with selected index terms may be revealed by displaying related terms beneath such terms in a supplementary list in the thesaurus.
    Ex: However, it doesn't take very long before the supporting machine file attains greater importance than the manual catalog.
    Ex: Libraries must also attempt to draw in the public by promoting fringe activities such as art exhibitions, concerts, talks by writers, craft demonstrations and films.
    Ex: Supplemental information was gathered about each library from Bowker's American Library Directory.
    Ex: The CRG set about trying to define a series of integrative levels upon which it would be possible to base the main classes and their order for a new general classification scheme.
    * actividad complementaria = follow-up activity.
    * complementario (de) = complementary (to).
    * de forma complementaria = complimentarily.
    * de modo complementario = complimentarily.
    * ejercicio complementario = follow-up activity.
    * exploración complementaria = diagnostic test.
    * ser complementario = be integral one to another.
    * ser complementario el uno del otro = be integral one to another.
    * ser complementarios = be integral one to another.
    * subtítulo y/o información complementaria sobre el título = other title information.
    * tarea complementaria = follow-up activity.

    * * *
    A
    1 ‹trabajos/personalidades› complementary
    2 ( Mat) ‹ángulos/conjuntos› complementary
    3 ( Fís) ‹colores› complementary
    B (adicional) additional
    allí te pueden dar información complementaria they will be able to give you additional information there
    notas complementarias additional o supplementary notes
    * * *

    complementario
    ◊ - ria adjetivo

    a) ‹personalidades/ángulos/colores› complementary


    complementario,-a adjetivo complementary
    ' complementario' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    complementaria
    English:
    ancillary
    - complementary
    - further
    * * *
    complementario, -a
    ♦ adj
    1. [persona, cosa] complementary
    2. [ángulo] complementary
    3. [color] complementary
    ♦ nm
    Esp [en la lotería] = complementary number, Br ≈ bonus ball
    * * *
    adj complementary
    * * *
    : complementary

    Spanish-English dictionary > complementario

  • 13 empezar

    v.
    to begin, to start.
    empezó la conferencia dando la bienvenida a los asistentes she began o started her speech by welcoming everyone there
    empezaron otra botella de vino they started o opened another bottle of wine
    la clase empieza a las diez the class begins o starts at ten o'clock
    ¡no empieces!, ¡ya hemos discutido este tema lo suficiente! don't you start, we've spent long enough on this subject already!
    al empezar la reunión when the meeting started o began
    empezar a hacer algo to begin o start to do something
    empezar por hacer algo to begin o start by doing something
    para empezar to begin o start with
    Ricardo empezó la fiesta tarde Richard began the party late.
    La fiesta empezó tarde The party began late.
    Ricardo empezó el crucigrama Richard started the crossword puzzle.
    * * *
    (e changes to ie in stressed syllables and z changes to c before e)
    Present Indicative
    empiezo, empiezas, empieza, empezamos, empezáis, empiezan.
    Past ind
    empecé, empezaste, empezó, empezamos, empezasteis, empezaron.
    Present Subjunctive
    Imperative
    empieza (tú), empiece (él/Vd.), empecemos (nos.), empezad (vos.), empiecen (ellos/Vds.).
    * * *
    verb
    to begin, start
    * * *
    1. VI
    1) (=comenzar) [gen] to start, begin; [en un puesto de trabajo] to start

    el año ha empezado mal — the year got off to a bad start, the year started o began badly

    antes de empezar, os recordaré que... — before we start o begin, I'd like to remind you that...

    al empezar el año — at the start o beginning of the year

    ¿cuándo empieza el nuevo cocinero? — when does the new cook start?

    ¡no empieces! — * don't you start! *

    • para empezar — to start with, begin with

    para empezar quisiera agradecerte tu presencia entre nosotros — I would like to start o begin by thanking you for being with us, to start o begin with, I would like to thank you for being with us

    - todo es cuestión de empezar
    2)

    • empezar a hacer algo — [gen] to start o begin to do sth, start o begin doing sth; [en un trabajo] to start to do o doing sth

    empezó a llover — it started o began to rain, it started o began raining

    ya empiezo a entrar en calor — I'm starting o beginning to feel warm now

    3)

    • empezar haciendo algo — to begin o start by doing sth

    empezaremos pidiendo ayuda — we'll start o begin by asking for help

    la canción empieza diciendo que... — the song begins o starts by saying that...

    4)

    • empezar con algo — [película, curso, año] to start o begin with sth

    la novela empieza con una referencia a Sartre — the novel starts o begins with a reference to Sartre

    empezamos con cerveza y acabamos con vino — we started on o began with beer and ended up on wine

    ¿cuándo empezáis con las clases de inglés? — when do you start your English classes?

    ¡no empieces otra vez con lo mismo! — don't start on that again!

    5)

    • empezar por algo/algn — to start with sth/sb, begin with sth/sb

    empezaré por la cocina — I'll start o begin with the kitchen

    "huelga" empieza por hache — "huelga" starts o begins with (an) h

    empezar por hacer algo — to start by doing sth, begin by doing sth

    2.
    VT [+ actividad, temporada] to start, begin; [+ botella, jamón] to start

    hemos empezado mal la semana — the week got off to a bad start for us, the week started badly for us

    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1) película/conferencia/invierno to begin, start

    empezar a + inf — to start to + inf, start -ing

    me empezó a entrar hambre — I began o started to feel hungry

    2) persona to start

    empezar de nuevo or volver a empezar — to start again

    todo es (cuestión de) empezar — it'll be fine once we/you get started

    empezar a + inf — to start -ing, start to + inf

    empezó a llorar — he began o started to cry

    empezar + ger — to start by -ing

    empezó diciendo que... — she started o began by saying that...

    empezar por + inf — to start o begin by -ing

    empecemos por estudiar el contexto histórico — let's begin o start by looking at the historical context

    3)

    para empezar — first of all, to start with

    2.
    1) <tarea/actividad> to start
    2) <frasco/mermelada> to start, open
    * * *
    = begin, get + started, start, start off, kick off, set out, get + Nombre + underway, get + Posesivo + feet wet, set in, cut + Posesivo + spurs, commence.
    Ex. This section has begun to demonstrate some of the problems associated with the author approach.
    Ex. 'We'll get started as soon as everyone arrives,' the executive director shook her hand and smiled graciously.
    Ex. Over the past two to three years the numbers of full text data bases and data banks has started to escalate considerably.
    Ex. If you establish a principle of using the national language, where do you start off?.
    Ex. The article is entitled 'The bucks start here: ALA kicks off library funding campaign'.
    Ex. The person seeking information needs to have all the necessary documentation before setting out, otherwise it could result in considerable expense and much time wasting.
    Ex. The author describes two surveys which the IFLA Section has been involved in to acquire the information necessary to get the project underway.
    Ex. Coming clean to voters is something she's gonna have to get used to if she is really serious about getting her feet wet in elected politics.
    Ex. Open or compound fractures were usually fatal prior to the advent of antiseptics in the 1860s because infection would set in.
    Ex. Lorene, who cut her spurs fighting for equal pay, said she was `absolutely gobsmacked' at having won the award.
    Ex. This stop list is input to the computer before indexing can commence, and is a list of the words which appear in text which have no value as access words in an index.
    ----
    * acabar mejor de lo que + empezar = end up on + a high note.
    * al empezar = first off.
    * bomba de relojería + empezar la cuenta atrás = time bomb + tick away.
    * empezar a = be on + Posesivo + way to.
    * empezar a acabarse = run + low (on).
    * empezar a actuar = swing into + action.
    * empezar a arder = catch + fire, catch on + fire.
    * empezar a caer en picado = hit + the skids, be on the skids.
    * empezar a calar en = grow on/upon + Pronombre.
    * empezar a comprender = grow on/upon + Pronombre.
    * empezar a dar carcajadas = burst into + a fit of laughter, burst into + side-splitting laughter.
    * empezar a darse cuenta de = grow on/upon + Pronombre.
    * empezar a debatir = embark on/upon + discussion.
    * empezar a deteriorarse = hit + the skids, be on the skids.
    * empezar a diluviar = the skies + open up.
    * empezar a empeorar = hit + the skids, be on the skids.
    * empezar a faltar = be in short supply, be at a premium.
    * empezar a fumar = take up + smoking.
    * empezar a funcionar = become + operational, get off + the ground, get + rolling, get + things going, get + things rolling, go + live, get + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling, start + the ball rolling.
    * empezar a gustar la idea = warm up to + the idea.
    * empezar a hablar de = make + noises about, make + a noise about.
    * empezar a imprimir = go to + press.
    * empezar a ir bien = fall into + place.
    * empezar a irse al garete = hit + the skids, be on the skids.
    * empezar a jugar mejor = get back into + the game.
    * empezar Algo = get + Nombre + started.
    * empezar Algo con buen pie = start + Nombre + off on the right foot.
    * empezar a mejorar = turn + a corner, take + a turn, take + a turn for the better.
    * empezar a pensar en = turn + Posesivo + mind to.
    * empezar a reírse a carcajadas = burst into + a fit of laughter, burst into + side-splitting laughter.
    * empezar a resquebrajarse = develop + cracks.
    * empezar a saltar las lágrimas = eyes + start to well up with tears, eyes + start to well up.
    * empezar a sudar por el esfuerzo = work up + a sweat, work up + a lather.
    * empezar a tener dudas = get + cold feet.
    * empezar a tener sentido = become + meaningful.
    * empezar a trabajar = take + job.
    * empezar a tratar = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.
    * empezar a utilizarse = come into + use.
    * empezar con buen pie = start + Nombre + on the right footing, hit + the ground running.
    * empezar de cero = start at + ground zero.
    * empezar de nuevo = a fresh start, start over, make + a fresh start.
    * empezar desde = work from, set out from.
    * empezar desde cero = start at + ground zero.
    * empezar desde la base = start at + ground zero.
    * empezar la casa por el tejado = tail wagging the dog.
    * empezar lento = be slow off the mark, be slow off the blocks.
    * empezar por el final = work back from.
    * empezar por el principio = start from + scratch, start at + ground zero.
    * empezar por lo más difícil = plunge in at + the deep end.
    * empezar rápido = be quick off the mark, be quick off the blocks.
    * empezar una nueva etapa en la vida = turn over + a new page, turn over + a new leaf.
    * enseñanza antes de empezar el trabajo = pre-service education.
    * hay que empezar por el principio = first things must come first.
    * bebé que empieza a andar = toddler.
    * para empezar = for one, initially, to start with, to begin with, for starters, first off.
    * terminar mejor de lo que + empezar = end up on + a high note.
    * una buena forma de empezar = a good way to start.
    * una manera de empezar = a foot in the door.
    * volver a empezar = return to + the drawing boards, back to the drawing board, a fresh start, start over, go back to + square one, be back to square one.
    * volver a empezar de cero = be back to square one, go back to + square one.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1) película/conferencia/invierno to begin, start

    empezar a + inf — to start to + inf, start -ing

    me empezó a entrar hambre — I began o started to feel hungry

    2) persona to start

    empezar de nuevo or volver a empezar — to start again

    todo es (cuestión de) empezar — it'll be fine once we/you get started

    empezar a + inf — to start -ing, start to + inf

    empezó a llorar — he began o started to cry

    empezar + ger — to start by -ing

    empezó diciendo que... — she started o began by saying that...

    empezar por + inf — to start o begin by -ing

    empecemos por estudiar el contexto histórico — let's begin o start by looking at the historical context

    3)

    para empezar — first of all, to start with

    2.
    1) <tarea/actividad> to start
    2) <frasco/mermelada> to start, open
    * * *
    = begin, get + started, start, start off, kick off, set out, get + Nombre + underway, get + Posesivo + feet wet, set in, cut + Posesivo + spurs, commence.

    Ex: This section has begun to demonstrate some of the problems associated with the author approach.

    Ex: 'We'll get started as soon as everyone arrives,' the executive director shook her hand and smiled graciously.
    Ex: Over the past two to three years the numbers of full text data bases and data banks has started to escalate considerably.
    Ex: If you establish a principle of using the national language, where do you start off?.
    Ex: The article is entitled 'The bucks start here: ALA kicks off library funding campaign'.
    Ex: The person seeking information needs to have all the necessary documentation before setting out, otherwise it could result in considerable expense and much time wasting.
    Ex: The author describes two surveys which the IFLA Section has been involved in to acquire the information necessary to get the project underway.
    Ex: Coming clean to voters is something she's gonna have to get used to if she is really serious about getting her feet wet in elected politics.
    Ex: Open or compound fractures were usually fatal prior to the advent of antiseptics in the 1860s because infection would set in.
    Ex: Lorene, who cut her spurs fighting for equal pay, said she was `absolutely gobsmacked' at having won the award.
    Ex: This stop list is input to the computer before indexing can commence, and is a list of the words which appear in text which have no value as access words in an index.
    * acabar mejor de lo que + empezar = end up on + a high note.
    * al empezar = first off.
    * bomba de relojería + empezar la cuenta atrás = time bomb + tick away.
    * empezar a = be on + Posesivo + way to.
    * empezar a acabarse = run + low (on).
    * empezar a actuar = swing into + action.
    * empezar a arder = catch + fire, catch on + fire.
    * empezar a caer en picado = hit + the skids, be on the skids.
    * empezar a calar en = grow on/upon + Pronombre.
    * empezar a comprender = grow on/upon + Pronombre.
    * empezar a dar carcajadas = burst into + a fit of laughter, burst into + side-splitting laughter.
    * empezar a darse cuenta de = grow on/upon + Pronombre.
    * empezar a debatir = embark on/upon + discussion.
    * empezar a deteriorarse = hit + the skids, be on the skids.
    * empezar a diluviar = the skies + open up.
    * empezar a empeorar = hit + the skids, be on the skids.
    * empezar a faltar = be in short supply, be at a premium.
    * empezar a fumar = take up + smoking.
    * empezar a funcionar = become + operational, get off + the ground, get + rolling, get + things going, get + things rolling, go + live, get + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling, start + the ball rolling.
    * empezar a gustar la idea = warm up to + the idea.
    * empezar a hablar de = make + noises about, make + a noise about.
    * empezar a imprimir = go to + press.
    * empezar a ir bien = fall into + place.
    * empezar a irse al garete = hit + the skids, be on the skids.
    * empezar a jugar mejor = get back into + the game.
    * empezar Algo = get + Nombre + started.
    * empezar Algo con buen pie = start + Nombre + off on the right foot.
    * empezar a mejorar = turn + a corner, take + a turn, take + a turn for the better.
    * empezar a pensar en = turn + Posesivo + mind to.
    * empezar a reírse a carcajadas = burst into + a fit of laughter, burst into + side-splitting laughter.
    * empezar a resquebrajarse = develop + cracks.
    * empezar a saltar las lágrimas = eyes + start to well up with tears, eyes + start to well up.
    * empezar a sudar por el esfuerzo = work up + a sweat, work up + a lather.
    * empezar a tener dudas = get + cold feet.
    * empezar a tener sentido = become + meaningful.
    * empezar a trabajar = take + job.
    * empezar a tratar = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.
    * empezar a utilizarse = come into + use.
    * empezar con buen pie = start + Nombre + on the right footing, hit + the ground running.
    * empezar de cero = start at + ground zero.
    * empezar de nuevo = a fresh start, start over, make + a fresh start.
    * empezar desde = work from, set out from.
    * empezar desde cero = start at + ground zero.
    * empezar desde la base = start at + ground zero.
    * empezar la casa por el tejado = tail wagging the dog.
    * empezar lento = be slow off the mark, be slow off the blocks.
    * empezar por el final = work back from.
    * empezar por el principio = start from + scratch, start at + ground zero.
    * empezar por lo más difícil = plunge in at + the deep end.
    * empezar rápido = be quick off the mark, be quick off the blocks.
    * empezar una nueva etapa en la vida = turn over + a new page, turn over + a new leaf.
    * enseñanza antes de empezar el trabajo = pre-service education.
    * hay que empezar por el principio = first things must come first.
    * bebé que empieza a andar = toddler.
    * para empezar = for one, initially, to start with, to begin with, for starters, first off.
    * terminar mejor de lo que + empezar = end up on + a high note.
    * una buena forma de empezar = a good way to start.
    * una manera de empezar = a foot in the door.
    * volver a empezar = return to + the drawing boards, back to the drawing board, a fresh start, start over, go back to + square one, be back to square one.
    * volver a empezar de cero = be back to square one, go back to + square one.

    * * *
    empezar [A6 ]
    vi
    A
    1 «película/conferencia/invierno» to begin, start
    el curso empieza el 16 the course begins o ( frml) commences on the 16th
    ¿con qué letra empieza? what is the first letter?, what letter does it begin with?
    al empezar el siglo at the turn of the century
    ya han empezado los fríos the cold weather has arrived o started
    2 empezar A + INF to start to + INF, start -ING
    ha empezado a nevar it has started snowing, it has started to snow
    le empezó a entrar hambre she began o started to feel hungry
    empezó a hervir it began boiling o to boil, it came to the boil, it started boiling o to boil
    le han empezado a salir espinillas she's getting o starting to get pimples
    empieza a ser imposible conseguirlo it is becoming impossible to get it
    B «persona»
    ¿cuándo empieza la nueva secretaria? when is the new secretary starting?, when does the new secretary start?
    empezó de aprendiz he started o began as an apprentice
    tendremos que empezar de nuevo or volver a empezar we'll have to start again
    todo es (cuestión de) empezar it'll be fine once we/you get started
    ¡ya empezamos otra vez! here we go again!
    empezar POR algo/algn:
    empecemos por el principio let's begin o start at the beginning
    empezó por la pared del fondo he started o began with the back wall
    no sabe por dónde empezar she doesn't know where to begin o start
    vamos a empezar por ti let's start with you
    2 empezar A + INF to start -ING, start to + INF
    cuando empezó a hablar se le fueron los nervios once she started o began talking, her nervousness disappeared
    tenía dos años cuando empezó a hablar she started talking when she was two
    empezó a llorar he began o started to cry
    3 empezar + GER to start BY -ING
    empezó diciendo que sería breve she started o began by saying that she would be brief
    empezó trabajando de mecánico he started by working as a mechanic, he started out as a mechanic
    4 empezar POR + INF to start o begin BY -ING
    empieza por sentarte begin o start by taking a seat, take a seat first
    se empieza por marinar la carne first marinade the meat
    empecemos por estudiar el contexto histórico let's begin o start by looking at the historical context
    C
    para empezar: para empezar, me parece un disparate for a start o for one thing, I think it's a ridiculous idea
    para empezar, ¿quién te dio permiso para leer mi correspondencia? who gave you permission to read my letters anyway?
    para empezar, hay que limpiar la superficie first of all o to start with, you have to clean the surface
    ■ empezar
    vt
    A ‹tarea/actividad› to start
    se debe empezar el día con un buen desayuno you should start o begin the day with a good breakfast
    ¿ya empezaste el tercer capítulo? have you started chapter three yet?
    B ‹frasco/lata/mermelada› to start, open
    no empieces otra botella don't start o open another bottle
    ¿podemos empezar este jamón? can we start on this ham?
    * * *

     

    empezar ( conjugate empezar) verbo intransitivo
    1 [película/conferencia/invierno] to begin, start;
    ◊ empezó a nevar it started to snow o snowing

    2 [ persona] to start;

    todo es cuestión de empezar it'll be fine once we/you get started;
    no sé por dónde empezar I don't know where to begin;
    vamos a empezar por ti let's start with you;
    empezar a hacer algo to start doing sth, start to do sth;
    empezó diciendo que … she started o began by saying that …;
    empezó trabajando de mecánico he started out as a mechanic;
    empecemos por estudiar el contexto histórico let's begin o start by looking at the historical context
    3

    verbo transitivo
    a) ‹tarea/actividad› to start

    b) ‹frasco/mermelada› to start, open

    empezar verbo transitivo & verbo intransitivo
    1 (dar principio a una actividad) to begin, start: aún no hemos empezado a comer, we still haven't started to eat
    para empezar, first of all: para empezar, eso que dices no es cierto, to begin with what you're saying is just not true
    no empieces con tus tonterías, don't start being stupid again
    2 (un paquete, una caja) to open, start: la caja de galletas está sin empezar, the box of biscuits hasn't been opened yet
    3 (tener principio) to start: la película empieza a las diez, the film starts at ten o'clock ➣ Ver nota en begin y start
    ♦ Locuciones: ya empezamos, here we go again
    ' empezar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    adormecerse
    - arrancar
    - cada
    - cobrar
    - compilación
    - echar
    - echarse
    - ponerse
    - pronta
    - pronto
    - romper
    - soltarse
    - trabar
    - vaya
    - volver
    - ya
    - a
    - aclarar
    - cero
    - empiece
    - entrar
    - incendiar
    - largar
    - poner
    English:
    begin
    - branch out
    - clean up
    - cotton on
    - daunt
    - fail
    - flying
    - get
    - grow
    - impatient
    - kick off
    - nervous
    - open
    - pipe up
    - place
    - set off
    - spring
    - square
    - start
    - start off
    - start up
    - strike up
    - take off
    - take up
    - thing
    - turn
    - afresh
    - beginning
    - ground
    - into
    - keen
    - kick
    - originate
    - over
    - rampage
    - roll
    - scratch
    - strike
    - suppose
    - undone
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    to begin, to start;
    empezó la conferencia dando la bienvenida a los asistentes she began o started her speech by welcoming everyone there;
    todavía no hemos empezado el colegio we still haven't started school;
    empecé el libro, pero no lo conseguí acabar I started (reading) the book, but didn't manage to finish it;
    hemos empezado la tarta we've started the cake;
    empezaron otra botella de vino they started o opened another bottle of wine
    ♦ vi
    to begin, to start (a/por to/by);
    la clase empieza a las diez the class begins o starts at ten o'clock;
    ¿a qué hora empieza el partido? what time does the game start?;
    el concierto empezó tarde the concert started late;
    la película empieza con una escena muy violenta the film begins with a very violent scene;
    tuvieron que empezar de nuevo they had to start again;
    el aprender a nadar, todo es empezar with swimming, getting started is half the battle;
    ¡no empieces!, ¡ya hemos discutido este tema lo suficiente! don't you start, we've spent long enough on this subject already!;
    ¡ya empezamos con el vecino y su música! here we go again with our neighbour and his music!;
    al empezar la reunión when the meeting started o began;
    al empezar resulta un poco difícil it's quite hard at first o to begin with;
    en noviembre empezó a hacer frío it started getting colder in November;
    empezó pidiendo disculpas por su retraso she started o began by apologizing for being late;
    empezar por: empieza por el salón, yo haré la cocina you start on the living-room, I'll do the kitchen;
    empieza por aflojar los tornillos first, loosen the screws, start o begin by loosening the screws;
    empieza por portarte bien, y ya hablaremos first you start behaving well, then we'll talk;
    para empezar: para empezar, sopa I'd like soup for starters o to start with;
    para empezar, habrá que comprar los billetes first of all o to start with, we'll have to buy the tickets;
    no me gusta, para empezar, es demasiado pequeño I don't like it, it's too small to start with
    * * *
    I v/t start, begin
    II v/i
    1 start, begin;
    empezar a hacer algo start to do sth, start doing sth;
    empezar por hacer algo start o begin by doing sth;
    empezar por alguien start with s.o.;
    para empezar to begin with;
    ya empezamos fam here we go again
    * * *
    empezar {29} v
    comenzar: to start, to begin
    * * *
    empezar vb to start / to begin [pt. began; pp. begun]

    Spanish-English dictionary > empezar

  • 14 evitar

    v.
    1 to avoid, to prevent (impedir) (desastre, accidente).
    podría haberse evitado esta catástrofe this disaster could have been avoided o prevented
    evitar que alguien haga algo to stop o prevent somebody from doing something
    Ricardo previno el accidente Richard prevented the accident.
    María se guarda de decir mentiras Mary takes care not to tell lies.
    2 to avoid (eludir) (cuestión, persona).
    no puede evitarlo he can't help it
    Javier siempre evita encontrarse conmigo Javier always avoids meeting me
    3 to save.
    esto me evita tener que ir this saves me (from) having to go
    * * *
    1 (gen) to avoid
    2 (impedir) to prevent, avoid
    3 (ahorrar) to spare, save
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=eludir) to avoid
    2) (=ahorrar) to save

    me evita (el) tener que... — it saves me having to...

    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) (eludir, huir de) to avoid
    b) ( impedir) to avoid, prevent

    para evitar que sufran — to avoid o prevent them suffering

    c) ( ahorrar)

    evitarle algo a alguien — <molestia/preocupación> to save o spare somebody something

    2.
    evitarse v pron < problemas> to save oneself
    * * *
    = avoid, bypass [by-pass], eschew, guard against, impede, prevent, shy away from, deflect, forestall, avert, preempt [pre-empt], shun, be shy of + Gerundio, sidestep [side-step], steer + clear of, steer away from, get (a)round, shy from, stay away from, stave off, baulk [balk, -USA], hamstring, ward off, head off, skirt, give + Nombre + a wide berth.
    Ex. This situation requires a very skilled information worker if total disaster is to be avoided.
    Ex. She repeatedly bypassed the catalog because she was an inveterate fiction reader and approached the A section of the fiction shelf expecting to find Sholom Aleichem under ALEICHEM.
    Ex. However, most contributors to the debate about the future of SLIS have eschewed practicalities in favour of sweeping and dramatic generalizations.
    Ex. The system will ask you to enter the new password a second time to help guard against keying errors.
    Ex. In early 1984 we were invited to undertake a survey of the fourteen schools of librarianship and information studies in England and Wales, giving particular attention to the constraints impeding or preventing desirable change.
    Ex. To prevent an entry under the first name(s), these must be entered on a separate line with the subfield code 'j'.
    Ex. Those who conscientiously attempt to keep abreast of current thought might well shy away from an examination calculated to show how much of the previous month's efforts could be produced on call.
    Ex. Questions such as 'Can I help you?' on the part of the librarian are easily deflected by a hasty, perhaps automatic and ill-considered, 'Oh, no thanks' by the user.
    Ex. In order to forestall such an event, some libraries in Britain were stung into action by the publication of an Act of Parliament which totally ignored public libraries.
    Ex. He often did this, almost unconsciously, to avert an immediate sign of reaction to an irksome confrontation.
    Ex. This article concludes that the main value of the indicators is as a management tool, as a means of preempting problems.
    Ex. Traditionally these books have been shunned because of their fragile nature, but librarians are finding that a small collection can enliven story times.
    Ex. Printers or publishers were sometimes shy of giving their real names -- usually because a book was treasonable, or libellous, or a piracy -- and for similar reasons they might give a false place of publication and a false date.
    Ex. This article discusses how to start projects on the right footing by defining objectives and planning properly to help sidestep pitfalls which can be associated with bespoke software development.
    Ex. This entire target market has steered clear of the public library.
    Ex. This article gives guidance for steering away from some of the more obvious pitfalls when buying software.
    Ex. The view of most users is that they can get around the restriction in a number of ways.
    Ex. I have not shied from identifying some of the obstacles to achieving this vision.
    Ex. This, again, is an area most libraries -- at least the ones I'm familiar with -- have tended to stay away from.
    Ex. They resorted to exercising to stave off unwanted weight gain believed to be caused by alcohol use.
    Ex. While many scholars concede that military interventions are sometimes permissible, they balk when it comes to deciding whether they are ever a moral duty.
    Ex. Instead, the proposed regulations would hamstring public access.
    Ex. The most strenuous efforts will not always ensure success, nor the boldest arm of human power ward off the stroke of misfortune.
    Ex. And this stimulus is working in the sense that it has headed off the imminent risk of a deflationary spiral.
    Ex. Bridleways that cross arable land may be legally ploughed up, but not those that skirt a field.
    Ex. Under the new law, motorists must give 'a wide berth' to stationary emergency vehicles displaying blue, red, or amber emergency warning lights.
    ----
    * acto de evitar = avoidance.
    * agacharse para evitar = duck out of + harm's way.
    * el evitar = avoidance.
    * evitar discutir una cuestión = circumvent + issue.
    * evitar el desastre = ward off + disaster.
    * evitar el encuentro con = steer + clear of, give + Nombre + a wide berth, steer away from.
    * evitar el enfrentamiento = avoid + confrontation.
    * evitar el mal = shun + evil.
    * evitar la confrontación = avoid + confrontation.
    * evitar la fama = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.
    * evitar la publicidad = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.
    * evitar + Nombre = get (a)round + Nombre.
    * evitar polémicas = eschew + issues.
    * evitar problemas = stay out of + trouble.
    * evitar que = keep from.
    * evitar que + entrar = keep + Nombre + out.
    * evitar que + escapar = keep + Nombre + in.
    * evitar que + Nombre + Subjuntivo = save + Nombre + from + Gerundio.
    * evitar que + salir = keep + Nombre + in.
    * evitar ser afectado = escape + unaffected.
    * evitar temas delicados = eschew + issues.
    * evitar una cuestión = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.
    * evitar una infección = prevent + infection.
    * evitar un error = avoid + error.
    * evitar un problema = avoid + problem.
    * evitar un riesgo = duck + risk.
    * evitar un tema = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.
    * forma de evitar Algo = way round + Algo.
    * forma de evitar una dificultad = way (a)round + difficulty.
    * forma de evitar un problema = way round + problem.
    * intentar evitar = fight + shy of.
    * lo que hay que hacer y lo que hay que evitar = do's and don'ts, rights and wrongs.
    * no poder evitar + Infinitivo = cannot help + Gerundio, cannot help but + Verbo.
    * no poder evitar mencionar = cannot but notice.
    * no pude evitar notar que = couldn't help but notice (that).
    * para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.
    * proteger Algo para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) (eludir, huir de) to avoid
    b) ( impedir) to avoid, prevent

    para evitar que sufran — to avoid o prevent them suffering

    c) ( ahorrar)

    evitarle algo a alguien — <molestia/preocupación> to save o spare somebody something

    2.
    evitarse v pron < problemas> to save oneself
    * * *
    = avoid, bypass [by-pass], eschew, guard against, impede, prevent, shy away from, deflect, forestall, avert, preempt [pre-empt], shun, be shy of + Gerundio, sidestep [side-step], steer + clear of, steer away from, get (a)round, shy from, stay away from, stave off, baulk [balk, -USA], hamstring, ward off, head off, skirt, give + Nombre + a wide berth.

    Ex: This situation requires a very skilled information worker if total disaster is to be avoided.

    Ex: She repeatedly bypassed the catalog because she was an inveterate fiction reader and approached the A section of the fiction shelf expecting to find Sholom Aleichem under ALEICHEM.
    Ex: However, most contributors to the debate about the future of SLIS have eschewed practicalities in favour of sweeping and dramatic generalizations.
    Ex: The system will ask you to enter the new password a second time to help guard against keying errors.
    Ex: In early 1984 we were invited to undertake a survey of the fourteen schools of librarianship and information studies in England and Wales, giving particular attention to the constraints impeding or preventing desirable change.
    Ex: To prevent an entry under the first name(s), these must be entered on a separate line with the subfield code 'j'.
    Ex: Those who conscientiously attempt to keep abreast of current thought might well shy away from an examination calculated to show how much of the previous month's efforts could be produced on call.
    Ex: Questions such as 'Can I help you?' on the part of the librarian are easily deflected by a hasty, perhaps automatic and ill-considered, 'Oh, no thanks' by the user.
    Ex: In order to forestall such an event, some libraries in Britain were stung into action by the publication of an Act of Parliament which totally ignored public libraries.
    Ex: He often did this, almost unconsciously, to avert an immediate sign of reaction to an irksome confrontation.
    Ex: This article concludes that the main value of the indicators is as a management tool, as a means of preempting problems.
    Ex: Traditionally these books have been shunned because of their fragile nature, but librarians are finding that a small collection can enliven story times.
    Ex: Printers or publishers were sometimes shy of giving their real names -- usually because a book was treasonable, or libellous, or a piracy -- and for similar reasons they might give a false place of publication and a false date.
    Ex: This article discusses how to start projects on the right footing by defining objectives and planning properly to help sidestep pitfalls which can be associated with bespoke software development.
    Ex: This entire target market has steered clear of the public library.
    Ex: This article gives guidance for steering away from some of the more obvious pitfalls when buying software.
    Ex: The view of most users is that they can get around the restriction in a number of ways.
    Ex: I have not shied from identifying some of the obstacles to achieving this vision.
    Ex: This, again, is an area most libraries -- at least the ones I'm familiar with -- have tended to stay away from.
    Ex: They resorted to exercising to stave off unwanted weight gain believed to be caused by alcohol use.
    Ex: While many scholars concede that military interventions are sometimes permissible, they balk when it comes to deciding whether they are ever a moral duty.
    Ex: Instead, the proposed regulations would hamstring public access.
    Ex: The most strenuous efforts will not always ensure success, nor the boldest arm of human power ward off the stroke of misfortune.
    Ex: And this stimulus is working in the sense that it has headed off the imminent risk of a deflationary spiral.
    Ex: Bridleways that cross arable land may be legally ploughed up, but not those that skirt a field.
    Ex: Under the new law, motorists must give 'a wide berth' to stationary emergency vehicles displaying blue, red, or amber emergency warning lights.
    * acto de evitar = avoidance.
    * agacharse para evitar = duck out of + harm's way.
    * el evitar = avoidance.
    * evitar discutir una cuestión = circumvent + issue.
    * evitar el desastre = ward off + disaster.
    * evitar el encuentro con = steer + clear of, give + Nombre + a wide berth, steer away from.
    * evitar el enfrentamiento = avoid + confrontation.
    * evitar el mal = shun + evil.
    * evitar la confrontación = avoid + confrontation.
    * evitar la fama = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.
    * evitar la publicidad = shun + the public eye, keep out of + the public eye.
    * evitar + Nombre = get (a)round + Nombre.
    * evitar polémicas = eschew + issues.
    * evitar problemas = stay out of + trouble.
    * evitar que = keep from.
    * evitar que + entrar = keep + Nombre + out.
    * evitar que + escapar = keep + Nombre + in.
    * evitar que + Nombre + Subjuntivo = save + Nombre + from + Gerundio.
    * evitar que + salir = keep + Nombre + in.
    * evitar ser afectado = escape + unaffected.
    * evitar temas delicados = eschew + issues.
    * evitar una cuestión = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.
    * evitar una infección = prevent + infection.
    * evitar un error = avoid + error.
    * evitar un problema = avoid + problem.
    * evitar un riesgo = duck + risk.
    * evitar un tema = skirt + issue, tiptoe around + issue.
    * forma de evitar Algo = way round + Algo.
    * forma de evitar una dificultad = way (a)round + difficulty.
    * forma de evitar un problema = way round + problem.
    * intentar evitar = fight + shy of.
    * lo que hay que hacer y lo que hay que evitar = do's and don'ts, rights and wrongs.
    * no poder evitar + Infinitivo = cannot help + Gerundio, cannot help but + Verbo.
    * no poder evitar mencionar = cannot but notice.
    * no pude evitar notar que = couldn't help but notice (that).
    * para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.
    * proteger Algo para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.

    * * *
    evitar [A1 ]
    vt
    1 (eludir, huir de) to avoid
    evita entrar en discusiones con él avoid getting into arguments with him
    para evitar problemas decidí no ir to avoid problems I decided not to go
    ¿por qué me estás evitando? why are you avoiding me?
    2 (impedir) to avoid, prevent
    se podría haber evitado la tragedia the tragedy could have been avoided o averted o prevented
    haremos lo posible para evitarlo we'll do everything we can to avoid o prevent it
    para evitar que sufran to avoid o prevent them suffering
    3 (ahorrar) to save
    una simple llamada nos habría evitado muchas molestias a simple phone call would have saved us a lot of trouble
    así les evitarás muchos quebraderos de cabeza that way you'll save them a lot of worry
    por esta ruta evitas tener que pasar por el centro if you go this way you avoid going through o it saves you going through the center
    ‹problemas› to save oneself
    evítese la molestia de ir a la tienda avoid the inconvenience of going to the store
    si aceptas, te evitarás muchos problemas if you accept, you'll save yourself a lot of problems
    me evitaría tener que pintarlo it would save me having to paint it
    * * *

     

    Multiple Entries:
    evitar    
    evitar algo
    evitar ( conjugate evitar) verbo transitivo
    a) (eludir, huir de) to avoid;



    ◊ para evitar que sufran to avoid o prevent them suffering

    c) ( remediar):

    ◊ me puse a llorar, no lo puede evitar I started to cry, I couldn't help it

    d) ( ahorrar) evitarle algo a algn ‹molestia/preocupación› to save o spare sb sth

    evitarse verbo pronominal ‹ problemas› to save oneself;

    evitar verbo transitivo
    1 to avoid: no pude evitar reírme, I couldn't help laughing
    2 (una enfermedad, etc) to prevent
    (una desgracia) to avert
    3 (a una persona) to avoid ➣ Ver nota en avoid

    ' evitar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    ahorrar
    - alarde
    - carcajada
    - contemporizar
    - hincapié
    - mortificar
    - mortificarse
    - murmuración
    - para
    - remediar
    - aglomeración
    - huir
    English:
    avert
    - avoid
    - breath
    - bypass
    - cheat
    - clampdown
    - clear
    - deny
    - get round
    - harm
    - head off
    - hedge
    - help
    - loophole
    - miss
    - pair off
    - prevent
    - pussyfoot
    - save
    - scandal
    - should
    - stave off
    - steer
    - step in
    - way
    - get
    - guard
    - keep
    - rat
    - shun
    - stave
    - unavoidably
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [impedir] [desastre, accidente] to avoid, to prevent;
    ¿podría haberse evitado esta catástrofe ecológica? could this environmental disaster have been avoided o prevented?;
    evitar que alguien haga algo to stop o prevent sb from doing sth;
    no pude evitar que se pelearan I couldn't stop o prevent them from having a fight;
    hemos de evitar que se extienda el incendio we have to stop the fire spreading
    2. [eludir] [problema, cuestión, persona] to avoid;
    siempre me está evitando she's always trying to avoid me;
    Javier siempre evita encontrarse conmigo Javier always avoids meeting me;
    yo evité hablar del tema I kept o steered clear of the subject;
    no puede evitarlo he can't help it;
    no puedo evitar ser como soy I can't help (being) the way I am
    3. [ahorrar] to save;
    esta máquina nos evitaría mucho trabajo this machine would save us a lot of work;
    esto me evita tener que ir this gets me out of going, this saves me (from) having to go
    * * *
    v/t
    1 avoid;
    no puedo evitarlo I can’t help it
    2 ( impedir) prevent
    3 molestias save
    * * *
    evitar vt
    1) : to avoid
    2) prevenir: to prevent
    3) eludir: to escape, to elude
    * * *
    evitar vb
    1. (en general) to avoid
    2. (impedir) to prevent
    3. (ahorrar) to save

    Spanish-English dictionary > evitar

  • 15 tasación

    f.
    appraisal, estimate, appraisal of value, assessment.
    * * *
    1 valuation, appraisal
    * * *
    SF valuation, appraisal (EEUU)
    * * *
    femenino valuation
    * * *
    Ex. For example, in a general index salaries, wages and income may be regarded as equivalent, but in an index devoted to taxation, it may be important to differentiate between these terms and their associated concepts.
    * * *
    femenino valuation
    * * *

    Ex: For example, in a general index salaries, wages and income may be regarded as equivalent, but in an index devoted to taxation, it may be important to differentiate between these terms and their associated concepts.

    * * *
    valuation
    * * *

    tasación sustantivo femenino
    valuation
    tasación sustantivo femenino valuation
    ' tasación' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    valoración
    - valorización
    English:
    appraisal
    - assessment
    - rating
    - valuation
    * * *
    valuation;
    * * *
    f valuation
    * * *
    tasación nf, pl - ciones : appraisal, assessment

    Spanish-English dictionary > tasación

  • 16 attacher

    attacher [ata∫e]
    ➭ TABLE 1
    1. transitive verb
       a. ( = lier) [+ animal, plante, prisonnier] to tie up ; (plusieurs choses ensemble) to tie together ; [+ papiers] to attach
    • est-ce bien attaché ? is it securely tied?
       b. ( = fermer) [+ ceinture, robe, volets] to fasten ; [+ lacets, chaussures] to tie ; [+ fermeture, bouton] to do up
       c. ( = attribuer) to attach
    • attacher de la valeur or du prix à qch to attach great value to sth
    2. intransitive verb
    [plat] to stick
    3. reflexive verb
       a. to fasten
       b. ( = se prendre d'affection pour) s'attacher à to become attached to
    * * *
    ataʃe
    1.
    1) ( lier) gén to tie [personne, animal, mains] (à to); to tether, to fasten [laisse, corde] (à to); ( avec une chaîne) to chain [chien] (à to); to lock [bicyclette] (à to); ( en entourant) to tie up [personne, paquet]
    2) ( fermer) to fasten [ceinture, collier, vêtement]
    3) ( accorder) to attach [importance, valeur]
    4) ( employer)

    attacher quelqu'un à son service — to take somebody into one's service, to employ somebody

    5) ( associer)

    2.
    verbe intransitif ( coller) to stick (à to)

    3.
    s'attacher verbe pronominal
    1) ( se fixer) to fasten, to do up ( par derrière at the back)

    s'attacher à quelqu'un/quelque chose — to become attached to somebody/something, to grow fond of somebody/something

    * * *
    ataʃe
    1. vt
    1) [deux objets ou éléments] (avec une corde, une ficelle, un lien souple) to fasten

    Elle a attaché ses cheveux avec un élastique. — She fastened her hair with an elastic band.

    attacher qch à — to tie sth to, to fasten sth to

    2) (avec une agrafe, un trombone) to fasten
    3) [chien] to tie up
    4) [étiquette] to attach, to tie on
    5) [souliers] to do up
    6) fig (= lier)
    7) fig (= accorder)
    2. vi
    [poêle, riz] to stick
    * * *
    attacher verb table: aimer
    A vtr
    1 ( joindre à l'aide d'un lien) to tie [personne] (à to); (avec une corde, laisse) to tie [chien] (à to); ( avec une chaîne) to chain [chien] (à to); to lock [bicyclette] (à to); to tether, to fasten [laisse, corde] (à to); attacher les mains/pieds de qn to tie sb's hands/feet; attacher ses cheveux to tie one's hair back;
    2 ( entourer d'un lien) to tie up [personne, paquet, colis]; attacher des lettres avec un élastique to tie up letters with an elastic band; attacher qn à un poteau to tie sb to a stake; attacher ses lacets to tie (up) one's laces; attacher ses chaussures to do up one's shoes;
    3 ( fermer) to fasten [ceinture, collier, vêtement]; veuillez attacher vos ceintures please fasten your seat belts; n'oublie pas d'attacher ton vélo don't forget to lock your bike;
    4 ( accorder) attacher de l'importance à qch to attach importance to sth; attacher du prix or de la valeur à qch to attach great value to sth; attacher une signification à un geste/un regard to read something into a gesture/an expression;
    5 ( employer) attacher qn à son service to take sb into one's service, to employ sb;
    6 ( associer) les privilèges attachés à un poste the privileges attached to a post; médecin attaché à un hôpital Admin doctor attached to a hospital; attacher son nom à une découverte/un événement to link one's name to a discovery/an event; son nom est attaché à cette découverte his/her name is linked to ou associated with this discovery.
    B vi [aliment, plat, récipient] to stick (à to); le sucre a attaché au fond de la casserole the sugar stuck to the bottom of the pan; cette poêle n'attache pas this is a nonstick frying-pan.
    C s'attacher vpr
    1 ( se fixer par un lien) to fasten, to do up; robe qui s'attache par derrière dress which fastens ou does up at the back;
    2 ( s'accrocher) le lierre s'attache aux pierres ivy clings to stones; s'attacher aux pas de qn to dog sb's footsteps;
    3 ( s'efforcer) s'attacher à faire to set out to do; s'attacher à analyser/prouver/démontrer qch to set out to analyseGB/to prove/to demonstrate sth;
    4 ( se lier affectivement) s'attacher à qn/qch to become attached to sb/sth, to grow fond of sb/sth.
    [ataʃe] verbe transitif
    1. [accrocher] to tie, to tie up (separable)
    attacher quelqu'un/quelque chose à to tie somebody/something to
    attacher un chien à une corde/à sa niche to tie a dog to a rope/to his kennel
    pauvre bête, il l'a attachée à une chaîne he's chained the poor thing up
    2. [pour fermer] to tie
    3. [vêtement] to fasten
    4. [accorder] to attach
    j'attache beaucoup de prix ou de valeur à notre amitié I attach great value to ou set great store by our friendship
    5. [associer] to link, to connect
    le scandale auquel son nom est/reste attaché the scandal with which his name is/remains linked
    6. (soutenu) [comme domestique, adjoint]
    ————————
    [ataʃe] verbe intransitif
    poêle/casserole qui n'attache pas nonstick pan/saucepan
    ————————
    s'attacher verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi)
    ————————
    s'attacher verbe pronominal (emploi passif)
    s'attacher avec une fermeture Éclair®/des boutons to zip/to button up
    ————————
    s'attacher verbe pronominal transitif
    ————————
    s'attacher à verbe pronominal plus préposition
    1. [se lier avec] to become fond of ou attached to
    2. [s'efforcer de] to devote oneself to

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > attacher

  • 17 НКУ с устройствами ограничения воздействия внутренней дуги

    1. assembly equipped with devices limiting internal arc effects

     

    НКУ с устройствами ограничения воздействия внутренней дуги
    -
    [Интент]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    Assemblies equipped with devices limiting internal arc effects (active protection)

    A design philosophy which is completely different from that just considered consists in guaranteeing the resistance to internal arcing by installing devices limiting the arc.

    The approaches in that direction can be of two different types:
    • limiting the destructive effects of the arc, once it has occured, by means of arc detectors
    • limiting the destructive effects of the arc, once it has occured, by means of overpressure detectors.

    The first possibility consists in installing in the assembly arc detectors which sense the light flux associated with the electric arc phenomenon.

    Once the arc has been detected, these devices send an opening signal to the incoming circuit-breaker, thus guaranteeing tripping times of the order of 1-2 ms, therefore shorter than those proper of the circuit-breaker.

    The operating logic of an arc detector is the following: the occurrence of an arc inside the switchboard is detected by the arc detector because an intense light radiation is associated with this phenomenon.

    The arcing control system detects the event and sends a tripping signal to the circuit-breaker.

    All the above with trip times of a few milliseconds and supplanting the tripping of the CB overcurrent relay which, for example, could be delayed due to current selectivity questions.

    Figure 1 shows the possible positions where this device can be installed inside a switchboard.

    The ideal solution is that which provides the installation of at least one detector for each column, with the consequent reduction to a minimum of the length of the optical fibers carrying the signal.

    In order to prevent from an unwanted tripping caused by light sources indepent of the arc (lamps, solar radiation etc.), an additional current sensor is often positioned at the incoming of the main circuit-breaker.

    Only in the event of an arc, both the incoming sensor which detects an “anomalous” current due to the arc fault as well as the sensor detecting the light radiation as sociated with the arc enable the system to intervene and allow the consequent opening of the circuit-breaker.

    The second possibility consists in installing overpressure sensors inside the switchboard.

    As previously described, the overpressure wave is one of the other effects occurring inside an assembly in case of arcing.

    As a consequence it is possible to install some pressure sensors which are able to signal the pressure peak associated with the arc ignition with a delay of about 10-15 ms.

    The signal operates on the supply circuit-breaker without waiting for the trip times of the selectivity protections to elapse, which are necessarily longer.

    Such a system does not need any electronic processing device, since it acts directly on the tripping coil of the supply circuit-breaker.

    Obviously it is essential that the device is set at fixed trip thresholds.

    When an established internal overpressure is reached, the arc detector intervenes.

    However, it is not easy to define in advance the value of overpressure generated by an arc fault inside a switchboard.
    [ABB]

    НКУ с устройствами ограничения воздействия внутренней дуги (активная защита)

    Для решения этой задачи используются совершенно другие, отличающиеся от ранее рассмотренных, принципы, заключающиеся в том, что противодействие внутренней дуге обеспечивается применением устройств, ограничивающих саму дугу.

    Существует два типа решения проблемы в этом направлении:
    • ограничение разрушающего воздействия дуги после того, как ее обнаружат специальные устройства
    • ограничение разрушающего воздействия дуги после того, как специальные устройства обнаружат возникновение избыточного давления.

    В первом случае в НКУ устанавливают устройства обнаружения дуги, реагирующие на световой поток, сопровождающий явление электрической дуги.

    При обнаружении дуги данные устройства посылают сигнал управления на размыкание вводного автоматического выключателя. Гарантируемое время реакции составляет 1-2 мс, что меньше времени срабатывания автоматического выключателя.

    Логика работы устройства обнаружения дуги следующая: Дуга, возникшая внутри НКУ, обнаруживается датчиком, реагирующим на интенсивное световое излучение, которым сопровождается горение дуги.

    Обнаружив дугу, система управления посылает сигнал автоматическому выключателю.

    Время срабатывания датчика и системы управления составляет несколько миллисекунд, что меньше времени срабатывания автоматического выключателя, осуществляющего защиту от сверхтока, который обычно для обеспечения требуемой селективности срабатывает с задержкой.

    На рис. 1 показаны места возможной установки устройства защиты внутри НКУ.

    Идеальным решением является установка, по крайней мере, одного устройства защиты в каждый шкаф многошкафного НКУ.

    Это позволит до минимума сократить длину оптоволоконных кабелей передачи сигнала.

    Для предотвращения ложного срабатывания от других источников света (т. е. не от дуги), например, таких как лампы, солнечное излучение и т. п., дополнительно в главной цепи вводного автоматического выключателя устанавливают датчик тока.

    Только при наличии двух событий, а именно: срабатывания датчика света и обнаружения аномального увеличения тока, система управления считает, что возникла электрическая дуга и подает команду на отключение вводного автоматического выключателя.

    Второе решение заключается в установке внутри НКУ датчика избыточного давления.

    Как было описано ранее, одним из характерных проявлений электрической дуги, возникшей внутри НКУ, является ударная волна.

    Это означает, что можно установить несколько датчиков давления, задачей которых является обнаружение импульса давления (с задержкой 10…15 мс), обусловленного зажиганием дуги.

    Сигнал от датчиков давления поступает на вводной автоматический выключатель, который срабатывает без задержки на обеспечение селективности.

    Такая система не нуждается в электронном устройстве обработки информации, поскольку воздействует непосредственно на независимый расцепитель автоматического выключателя.

    Вполне понятно, что такое устройство имеет фиксированный порог срабатывания.

    Датчик-реле дуги сработает, как только будет достигнуто заданное значение избыточного давления.

    Следует иметь в виду, что не так легко заранее определить значение избыточного давления, которое будет создано при зажигании дуги внутри НКУ.
    [Перевод Интент]

    Тематики

    • НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > НКУ с устройствами ограничения воздействия внутренней дуги

  • 18 ligar

    v.
    1 to bind.
    Ellos ligaron las cuerdas They bound the ropes.
    2 to slur (Music).
    4 to alloy, to combine, to mix.
    Ellos ligaron los metales They alloyed the metals.
    5 to league, to unite, to confederate, to join.
    Ellos ligaron a los bandos They leagued the parties.
    6 to associate, to bind together, to link.
    Ellos ligaron las empresas They associated the companies.
    7 to pair up, to mix well, to pull.
    8 to take a beating.
    9 to ligate.
    * * *
    1 (atar) to tie, bind
    2 (unir) to link, connect
    3 (metales) to alloy
    4 COCINA to bind
    ■ ligó con una italiana he picked up an Italian girl, he got off with an Italian girl
    \
    estar ligado,-a a to be linked to, be connected
    ir ligado,-a a→ link=estar estar ligado,-a
    ligarse a alguien familiar to pick somebody up, get off with somebody
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=atar) [gen] to tie, bind; (Med) to bind up, put a ligature on
    2) (=mezclar) [+ metales] to alloy, mix; [+ bebidas] to mix; [+ salsa] to thicken
    3) (=unir) to join, bind together
    4) * (=conquistar) to pick up *, get off with *, pull *
    5) * (=birlar) to pinch *
    6) * (=conseguir) to get hold of, lay one's hands on
    7) * (=comprar) to buy
    8) * (=detener) to nick *
    9) Caribe (=contratar) to contract in advance for
    2. VI
    1) (=ir juntos) to mix well, blend well, go well together
    2) * (=conquistar) to pull *
    3) Caribe, Méx * (=tener suerte) to have a bit of luck, be lucky

    la cosa le ligó — And, CAm the affair went well for him

    4) Caribe, Méx (=mirar) to look, stare
    5)

    le ligó su deseo — And, Caribe * her wish came true

    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) (unir, vincular) to bind
    2) ( atar)
    3) < metales> to alloy; < salsa> to bind
    2.

    salieron a ligar — they went out on the make o (BrE) pull (colloq)

    ligar con alguien — to make out with somebody (AmE), to get off with somebody (BrE)

    3.
    ligarse v pron
    1) (fam) ( conquistar) to make out with (AmE colloq), to get off with (colloq BrE)
    2) salsa to bind
    * * *
    = attach, connect, intertwine, bind + Nombre + together, entwine, chat up.
    Ex. In fixed location notation was physically attached to certain places on the shelves and books were always filed in the same place.
    Ex. Plainly, it is not always the case that there is a connection between farming and spelling, and many other documents can be identified where these subjects are not connected.
    Ex. Traditional and emerging markets for library school graduates are likely to intertwine rather than exist as parallel trends in the future.
    Ex. People value the public library highly as an educational and community resource and the library acts as an 'information junction' to bind the community together.
    Ex. The Zimbabwe Library Association history is entwined with library development in Zimbabwe (Rhodesia).
    Ex. She was 15 kilograms too heavy, rudderless, half-lost to drinking and chatting up other girls' boyfriends.
    ----
    * frase usada para ligar = chat-up line.
    * intentar ligar = chat up.
    * tratar de ligar = chat up.
    * truco para ligar = chat-up line.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) (unir, vincular) to bind
    2) ( atar)
    3) < metales> to alloy; < salsa> to bind
    2.

    salieron a ligar — they went out on the make o (BrE) pull (colloq)

    ligar con alguien — to make out with somebody (AmE), to get off with somebody (BrE)

    3.
    ligarse v pron
    1) (fam) ( conquistar) to make out with (AmE colloq), to get off with (colloq BrE)
    2) salsa to bind
    * * *
    = attach, connect, intertwine, bind + Nombre + together, entwine, chat up.

    Ex: In fixed location notation was physically attached to certain places on the shelves and books were always filed in the same place.

    Ex: Plainly, it is not always the case that there is a connection between farming and spelling, and many other documents can be identified where these subjects are not connected.
    Ex: Traditional and emerging markets for library school graduates are likely to intertwine rather than exist as parallel trends in the future.
    Ex: People value the public library highly as an educational and community resource and the library acts as an 'information junction' to bind the community together.
    Ex: The Zimbabwe Library Association history is entwined with library development in Zimbabwe (Rhodesia).
    Ex: She was 15 kilograms too heavy, rudderless, half-lost to drinking and chatting up other girls' boyfriends.
    * frase usada para ligar = chat-up line.
    * intentar ligar = chat up.
    * tratar de ligar = chat up.
    * truco para ligar = chat-up line.

    * * *
    ligar [A3 ]
    vt
    A (unir, vincular) to bind
    el contrato que la ligaba a la empresa the contract which bound her to the company
    los ligaba una larga amistad they were bound together by a long-standing friendship
    B
    (atar): le ligaron las manos con una cuerda they tied his hands together o they bound his hands with a rope
    un fajo de billetes ligados con una goma elástica a bundle of bills held together with a rubber band
    C
    1 ‹metales› to alloy
    2 ‹salsa› to bind
    D
    1 ( fam)
    (en naipes): ligar un full to get a full house
    2 ( RPl fam) (conseguir, obtener) to get
    van a visitarlos sólo para ver si ligan algo they only go to visit them to see what they can get out of them
    3 ( Esp arg) ‹hachís/coca› to score (sl)
    4 ( Esp arg) (apresar) to bust (sl), to nick ( BrE sl)
    ■ ligar
    vi
    A ( fam)
    (conquistar): los sábados salían a ligar on Saturdays they went out trying to pick up girls/boys ( colloq), on Saturdays they went out on the pick-up o ( AmE) on the make (sl)
    ligar CON algn to make out WITH sb ( AmE), to get off WITH sb ( BrE)
    B ( Chi fam) (flirtear con) to give … the come-on ( colloq), to give … the eye ( BrE colloq)
    C
    ( Chi fam) (tocar) (+ me/te/le etc): a mí siempre me liga lavar los platos it's always me who gets landed with washing o who has to wash the dishes ( colloq)
    ligarle ( Per fam); to pull it off ( colloq)
    A ( fam) (conquistar) to make out with ( AmE colloq), to get off with ( colloq BrE)
    B «salsa» to bind
    C ( RPl fam) ‹reto/cachetada› to get
    se ligó tres meses a la sombra he got three months in prison o ( colloq) inside
    ligársela ( RPl fam); to get a hiding o clobbering ( colloq)
    D
    (Arg, Ven) ( Telec): la línea se ligó I got a crossed line
    * * *

     

    ligar ( conjugate ligar) verbo transitivo
    a) ( unir) to bind;


    b) ( atar):


    un fajo de billetes ligados con una goma elástica a bundle of bills held together with a rubber band
    c) ‹ metales› to alloy;

    ‹ salsa› to bind
    verbo intransitivo (fam) ( con el sexo opuesto):
    ◊ salieron a ligar they went out on the make o (BrE) pull (colloq);

    ligar con algn to make out with sb (AmE), to get off with sb (BrE)
    ligarse verbo pronominal (fam) ( conquistar) to make out with (AmE colloq), to get off with (colloq BrE)
    ligar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 (unir) to join
    figurado mis recuerdos me ligan a esta ciudad, my memories bind me to this town
    2 (relacionar) to link
    3 fam (coger) to get
    II vi fam (seducir, cortejar) to make advances: estaba ligando con mi primo, she was making advances to my cousin

    ' ligar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    bronce
    - pinchar
    English:
    advance
    - chat up
    - pass
    - pick up
    - score
    - screw around
    - strong
    - bind
    - slur
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [atar] to tie (up);
    liga bien los paquetes tie the packages up tightly;
    les ligaron las manos they tied their hands
    2. [unir] to bind;
    los ligan muchos lazos afectivos they are bound together by a lot of emotional ties;
    un contrato lo liga con la empresa he is contractually bound to the company
    3. [salsa] to thicken
    4. Med to put a ligature on
    5. Mús to slur
    6. [en naipes] to get;
    ligué un póquer de ases I got four aces
    7. [metales] to alloy
    8. Fam [droga] to score, to get hold of
    9. RP [conseguir] to get;
    siempre viene a ver si liga algo he always comes along to see what he can get
    10. Comp
    Fam
    ligar bronce to catch some rays
    11. Cuba [cosecha] to contract in advance for
    12. Ven Dep [béisbol] to hit;
    ligó un cuadrangular he hit a home run
    ♦ vi
    1. Fam [encontrar pareja] to score, Br to pull;
    en esta ciudad no se liga nada it's a nightmare trying to score o Br pull in this town;
    esta noche vamos a salir a ligar we're going out to score with someone tonight, Br we're going out on the pull tonight
    2. [salsa] to bind
    3. RP, Ven Fam [tener suerte] to be damn lucky, Br to be jammy
    4. Carib, Guat, Perú [deseo] to be fulfilled
    5. Ven Dep [en béisbol] to go into the wind-up
    * * *
    I v/t
    1 bind
    2 ( atar) tie
    3 GASTR blend
    II v/i
    :
    ligar con fam pick up
    * * *
    ligar {52} vt
    : to bind, to tie (up)
    * * *
    ligar vb
    1. (unir) to bind [pt. & pp. bound]
    2. (atar) to tie

    Spanish-English dictionary > ligar

  • 19 БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

    Мы приняли следующие сокращения для наиболее часто упоминаемых книг и журналов:
    IJP - International Journal of Psycho-analysis
    JAPA - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    SE - Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1953—74.)
    PSOC - Psychoanalytic Study of the Child (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    PQ - Psychoanalytic Quarterly
    WAF - The Writings of Anna Freud, ed. Anna Freud (New York: International Universities Press, 1966—74)
    PMC - Psychoanalysis The Major Concepts ed. Burness E. Moore and Bernard D. Fine (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    \
    О словаре: _about - Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts
    \
    1. Abend, S. M. Identity. PMC. Forthcoming.
    2. Abend, S. M. (1974) Problems of identity. PQ, 43.
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    Словарь психоаналитических терминов и понятий > БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

  • 20 теория структуры личности

    Существовало множество теорий структуры личности, каждая из которых может быть связана с набором методов измерения различий между индивидами. — There have been numerous theories of personality structure, each of which tends to be associated with a set of techniques for measuring differences between individuals.

    Рассмотрим вкратце теорию субъективной вероятности. Структура субъективной вероятности дает способ моделирования выбора в условиях неопределенности, когда вероятности рисковых альтернатив объективно не даны лицу, принимающему решение. — We consider briefly the theory of subjective probability. The subjective probability framework offers a way of modeling choice under uncertainty in which the probabilities of different risky alternatives are not given to the decision maker in any objective fashion.

    теория управления, классическая — classical control theory

    Занимается проблемами минимизации различия между действительным значением на выходе системы и фиксированным контрольным значением. — The focus is on the problems of minimizing the difference between an actual output value of a system and a fixed reference value.

    Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > теория структуры личности

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