ann.rep.

ex-specto ( expect-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to look out for a thing (syn.: prospecto, opperior, maneo, moror, praestolor).

Objectively, to await, expect something that is to come or to take place, to be waiting for, etc. (very freq. and class.). —Constr. with the acc., with rel.-clauses, with dum, si, ut, quin, or absol.; very rarely with object-clause.

In gen.

With acc.:

caritatem,

Cato, R. R. 3, 2:

alicujus mortem,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 28:

cum ea Scipio dixisset silentioque omnium reliqua ejus exspectaretur oratio,

Cic. Rep. 2, 38:

injurias,

id. ib. 1, 5:

transitum tempestatis,

id. Att. 2, 21, 2:

adventum alicujus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 27, 2; 2, 16, 2:

eventum pugnae,

id. ib. 7, 49 fin.:

scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est,

Ov. M. 3, 136:

cenantes haud animo aequo Exspectans comites,

i. e. waiting till they have done eating, Hor. S. 1, 5, 9 et saep.; cf.:

exspectandus erit annus,

I must wait a year, Juv. 16, 42. —

With relative and esp. interrogative clauses: exspectabat populus atque ora tenebat rebus, utri magni victoria sit data regni, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. s. 90, ed. Vahl.):

exspecto, quo pacto, etc.,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 1, 1:

exspecto, quid ad ista,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 20, 46; id. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 92:

quid hostes consilii caperent, exspectabat,

Caes. B. G. 3, 24, 1:

exspectante Antonio, quidnam esset actura,

Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 121:

ne utile quidem, quam mox judicium fiat, exspectare,

Cic. Inv. 2, 28, 85; so,

quid exspectas quam mox ego dicam, etc.,

id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44:

et, quam mox signis collatis dimicandum sit, in dies exspectet,

id. 34, 11, 4; 3, 37, 5:

exspectans, quando, etc.,

Quint. 11, 3, 159.—

With dum, si, ut, etc.:

ne exspectetis meas pugnas dum praedicem,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 1:

ne exspectemus quidem, dum rogemur,

Cic. Lael. 13, 44:

exspectas fortasse, dum dicat, etc.,

id. Tusc. 2, 7, 17:

exspectare, dum hostium copiae augerentur,

Caes. B. G. 4, 13, 2:

nec dum repetatur, exspectat,

Quint. 4, 2, 45:

Caesar non exspectandum sibi statuit, dum, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 11 fin.; cf.:

nec vero hoc loco exspectandum est, dum, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19:

rusticus exspectat, dum defluat amnis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 42:

jam dudum exspecto, si tuum officium scias,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 12:

exspecto si quid dicas,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 61:

hanc (paludem) si nostri transirent, hostes exspectabant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 9, 1; id. B. C. 2, 34, 1:

nisi exspectare vis ut eam sine dote frater conlocet,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 7:

mea lenitas hoc exspectavit, ut id quod latebat, erumperet,

Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

nisi forte exspectatis ut illa diluam, quae, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 29, 82:

neque exspectant, ut de eorum imperio ad populum feratur,

Caes. ib. 1, 6, 6:

quare nemo exspectet, ut, etc.,

Quint. 7, 10, 14; Liv. 23, 31, 7; 26, 18, 5; 35, 8, 5 al.— Pass. impers.:

nec ultra exspectato, quam dum Claudius Ostiam proficisceretur,

Tac. A. 11, 26 fin.:

cum omnium voces audirentur, exspectari diutius non oportere, quin ad castra iretur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 24 fin. —

Absol.:

comites ad portam exspectare dicunt,

Cic. Fam. 15, 17, 1:

diem ex die exspectabam, ut statuerem, quid esset faciendum,

id. Att. 7, 26, 3:

exspectent paullum et agi ordine sinant,

Quint. 4, 5, 19.—

With object-clause:

cum expectaret effusos omnibus portis Aetolos in fidem suam venturos,

Liv. 43, 22, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:

venturum istum,

Aug. Conf. 5, 6.—

Transf., of an abstract subject, like maneo, to await:

seu me tranquilla senectus Exspectat seu, etc.,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 58.

To look for with hope, fear, desire, expectation, to hope for, long for, expect, desire; to fear, dread, anticipate, apprehend.

With acc.:

reliquum est, ut tuam profectionem amore prosequar, reditum spe exspectem,

Cic. Fam. 15, 21 fin.; cf.:

quod magna cum spe exspectamus,

id. Att. 16, 16 E. fin.:

ego jam aut rem aut ne spem quidem exspecto,

id. ib. 3, 22 fin.: magnum inceptas, si id exspectas, quod nusquam'st, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 56:

quam (rem) avidissime civitas exspectat,

Cic. Phil. 14, 1, 1:

longiores (epistolas) exspectabo vel potius exigam,

id. Fam. 15, 16, 1:

finem laborum omnium,

Caes. B. G. 7, 85, 4:

illum ut vivat, optant, meam autem mortem exspectant scilicet,

to wish, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 20:

fama mortis meae non accepta solum sed etiam exspectata est,

Liv. 28, 27, 9; cf.

in the pun with I.: cum Proculeius quereretur de filio, quod is mortem suam exspectaret, et ille dixisset, se vero non exspectare: Immo, inquit, rogo exspectes,

Quint. 9, 3, 68 Spald.:

nescio quod magnum hoc nuntio exspecto malum,

dread, Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 16:

mortem,

id. Hec. 3, 4, 8:

multis de causis Caesar majorem Galliae motum exspectans,

Caes. B. G. 6, 1, 1: 7, 43 fin. —With a personal object:

pater exspectat aut me aut aliquem nuntium,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 22:

ite intro, filii vos exspectant intus,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 86:

hic ego mendacem usque puellam Ad mediam noctem exspecto,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 83; cf. Ov. M. 14, 418:

video jam, illum, quem exspectabam, virum, cui praeficias officio et muneri,

Cic. Rep. 2, 42.—

Aliquid ab (rarely ex) aliquo (a favorite expression of Cicero):

a te hoc civitas vel omnes potius gentes non exspectant solum, sed etiam postulant,

Cic. Fam. 11, 5, 3; cf. id. ib. 3, 10, 1:

dixi Servilio, ut omnia a me majora exspectaret,

id. ib. 3, 12, 4:

alimenta a nobis,

id. Rep. 1, 4:

ab aliquo gloriam,

id. ib. 6, 19 fin.:

tristem censuram ab laeso,

Liv. 39, 41, 2:

ut ex iis (proletariis) quasi proles civitatis exspectari videretur,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40.—

Aliquid ab or ex aliqua re (rare):

aliquid ab liberalitate alicujus,

Caes. B. C. 2, 28, 3:

dedecus a philosopho,

id. Tusc. 2, 12, 28:

omnia ex sua amicitia,

id. ib. 3, 60, 1.—

Aliquid aliquem (very rare): ne quid exspectes amicos, quod tute agere possies, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 29; Sat. v. 38 Vahl.—

With object-clause:

quid mihi hic adfers, quam ob rem exspectem aut sperem porro non fore?

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 36:

exspecto cupioque te ita illud defendere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 151.—With inf. alone (cf. cupio), Front. ad Ver. Imp. p. 137, ed. Rom.—

Absol. (very rare):

cum mihi nihil improviso, nec gravius quam exspectavissem pro tantis meis factis evenisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4:

aliquando ad verum, ubi minime exspectavimus, pervenimus,

Quint. 12, 8, 11.—

Poet. transf., of an abstr. subject, to have need of, require:

silvarumque aliae pressos propaginis arcus Exspectant,

Verg. G. 2, 27:

neque illae (oleae) procurvam exspectant falcem rastrosque tenaces,

id. ib. 2, 421; cf.:

lenta remedia et segnes medicos non exspectant tempora mea,

Curt. 3, 5, 13.—Hence, exspectātus ( expect-), a, um, P. a. (acc. to II.), anxiously expected, longed for, desired, welcome (class.):

carus omnibus exspectatusque venies,

Cic. Fam. 16, 7; cf.:

venies exspectatus omnibus,

id. ib. 4, 10, 1; Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 11:

quibus Hector ab oris exspectate venis?

Verg. A. 2, 282:

sensi ego in exspectatis ad amplissimam dignitatem fratribus tuis,

who were expected to arrive at the highest dignities of the state, Cic. de Sen. 19, 68:

ubi te exspectatum ejecisset foras,

i. e. whose death is waited, longed for, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 29 Ruhnk.— Comp.:

nimis ille potuit exspectatior venire,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 12.— Sup.:

adventus suavissimus exspectatissimusque,

Cic. Att. 4, 4 a:

litterae,

id. Fam. 10, 5, 1:

triumphus,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 51 fin. —

In the neutr. absol.:

quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque exspectatis aut speret aut timeat?

Vell. 2, 75, 2:

hosti Ante exspectatum positis stat in agmine castris,

before it was expected, Verg. G. 3, 348; so,

ante exspectatum,

Ov. M. 4, 790; 8, 5; Sen. Ep. 114:

ille ad patrem patriae exspectato revolavit maturius,

than was expected, Vell. 2, 123, 1.

rēs, rei (rēi with e long; gen., Lucr. 2, 112; 548; 6, 918; dat., id. 1, 688; 2, 236; rei, gen., monosyl. at the end of the verse, Lucr. 3, 918;

and in the middle of the verse,

id. 4, 885, and Poët. ap. Lact. 6, 6), f. [ etym. dub.; perh. root ra- of reor, ratus; cf. Germ. Ding; Engl. thing, from denken, to think; prop., that which is thought of; cf. also logos, Lid. and Scott, 9], a thing, object, being; a matter, affair, event, fact, circumstance, occurrence, deed, condition, case, etc.; and sometimes merely = something (cf.: causa, ratio, negotium).

In gen.:

unde initum primum capiat res quaeque movendi,

Lucr. 1, 383; cf. id. 1, 536:

in partes res quaeque minutas Distrahitur,

id. 2, 826: summe Sol, qui omnes res inspicis, Enn. ap. Prob. Verg. E. 6, 31 (Trag. v. 321 Vahl.):

versus, quos ego de Rerum Naturā pangere conor,

Lucr. 1, 25; cf. id. 1, 126; 5, 54:

rerum natura creatrix,

id. 2, 1117:

divinarum humanarumque rerum, tum initiorum causarumque cujusque rei cognitio,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7 (v. divinus):

haeret haec res,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 182:

profecto, ut loquor, ita res est,

id. ib. 2, 1, 19:

haud mentior, resque uti facta dico,

id. ib. 2, 1, 23:

de Alcumenā ut rem teneatis rectius,

id. ib. prol. 110:

in tantis rebus (sc. in re publicā defendendā),

Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4 et saep.:

quo Averna vocantur nomine, id ab re Impositum est, quia sunt avibus contraria cunctis,

from the nature of the thing, Lucr. 6, 740; cf. id. 6, 424; Liv. 1, 17:

si res postulabit,

the condition of the case, Cic. Lael. 13, 44: scaena rei totius haec, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 3:

fugam in se nemo convertitur Nec recedit loco, quin statim rem gerat,

does his duty, stands his ground, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 84; so, res gerere, v. gero; hence, too, rerum scriptor, for a historian, v. scriptor, and cf. II. H. infra.—

With adj. of quality, to express condition, etc.:

illic homo a me sibi malam rem arcessit,

is bringing a bad business on himself, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 171; so,

res mala,

a wretched condition, Sall. C. 20, 13; and more freq. in plur.:

bonis tuis rebus meas res irrides malas,

circumstances, condition, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45; id. Rud. 3, 3, 12:

res secundae,

good fortune, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30; cf. Liv. 3, 9:

res prosperae,

Nep. Dion, 6, 1; id. Eum. 5, 1:

in secundissimis rebus,

Cic. Off. 1, 26, 91:

adversae res,

id. ib. 1, 26, 90; Hor. S. 2, 2, 136; 2, 8, 73:

res belli adversae,

Liv. 10, 6:

res dubiae,

Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; Liv. 2, 50; 7, 30;

v. bonus, florens, salvus, adversus, dubius, novus, arduus, etc.— Freq. in curses, etc.: in malam rem,

go to the bad, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 37; id. And. 2, 1, 17:

malam rem hinc ibis?

id. Eun. 3, 3, 30.—

With an adj. in a periphrasis:

abhorrens ab re uxoriā,

matrimony, Ter. And. 5, 1, 10:

in arbitrio rei uxoriae,

dowry, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 61:

rem divinam nisi compitalibus... ne faciat,

a religious act, act of worship, a sacrifice, Cato, R. R. 5, 4:

bellicam rem administrari majores nostri nisi auspicato noluerunt,

Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76; Hor. C. 4, 3, 6:

erat ei pecuaria res ampla et rustica,

Cic. Quint. 3, 12: res rustica, agriculture:

rei rusticae libro primo,

Col. 11, 1, 2; id. 1, praef. §

19: liber, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,

Cic. Sen. 15, 54:

navalis rei certamina,

naval battles, Amm. 26, 3, 5:

res militaris,

Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2:

rei militaris gloria,

id. Mur. 9, 22; Nep. Milt. 8, 4:

res frumentaria,

forage, Caes. B. C. 3, 16; id. B. G. 1, 23; 4, 7:

armatae rei scientissimus,

Amm. 25, 4, 7:

peritus aquariae rei,

id. 28, 2, 2:

res judicaria,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31:

res ludicra,

play, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 180:

uti rebus veneriis,

Cic. Sen. 14, 47; Nep. Alc. 11, 4:

res Veneris,

Lucr. 2, 173; Ov. R. Am. 431; v. also familiaris, judiciaria, militaris, navalis, etc., and cf. II. G. infra. —

With pronouns or adjectives, as an emphatic periphrase for the neutr.:

ibi me inclamat Alcumena: jam ea res me horrore afficit,

this now, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 16; cf.: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam:

Ea res est,

it is even so, id. As. 1, 1, 40:

de fratre confido ita esse ut semper volui. Multa signa sunt ejus rei,

of it, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 5: quos (melittônas) alii melittotropheia appellant, eandem rem quidam mellaria. Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 12:

sunt ex te quae scitari volo, Quarum rerum, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 13; cf. Caes. B. G. 3, 4:

quibus de rebus quoniam nobis contigit ut aliquid essemus consecuti,

Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

quā super re interfectum esse Hippotem dixisti? Pac. ap. Fest. s. v. superescit, p. 244: resciscet Amphitruo rem omnem,

every thing, all, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 30:

nulla res tam delirantes homines concinat cito,

nothing, id. Am. 2, 2, 96; cf.:

neque est ulla res, in quā, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12; 1, 5, 9; cf.

also: sumptu ne parcas ullā in re, quod ad valetudinem opus sit,

id. Fam. 16, 4, 2:

magna res principio statim bello,

a great thing, a great advantage, Liv. 31, 23 fin.:

nil admirari prope res est una Solaque, quae, etc.,

the only thing, only means, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 1 et saep. — Emphatically with sup.:

scilicet rerum facta est pulcherrima Roma,

the most beautiful thing in the world, Verg. G. 2, 534; Quint. 1, 12, 16 Spald. p. 81. —

Of persons, etc.: est genus hominum, qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17:

maxime rerum,

Ov. H. 9, 107; cf.:

maxima rerum Roma,

Verg. A. 7, 602; Ov. M. 13, 508:

fortissima rerum animalia,

id. ib. 12, 502:

pulcherrime rerum,

id. H. 4, 125; id. A. A. 1, 213; id. M. 8, 49:

dulcissime rerum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 4.—

In adverb. phrases:

e re natā melius fieri haud potuit,

after what has happened, Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8:

pro re natā,

according to circumstances, Cic. Att. 7, 8, 2; 14, 6, 1:

pro tempore et pro re,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

factis benignus pro re,

according to circumstances, Liv. 7, 33, 3; Sall. J. 50, 2:

pro re pauca loquar,

Verg. A. 4, 337; Lucr. 6, 1280:

ex re et ex tempore,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 3:

e re respondi,

Cat. 10, 8.

In partic.

Pregn., an actual thing, the thing itself, reality, truth, fact; opposed to appearance, mere talk, the mere name of a thing:

ecastor, re experior, quanti facias uxorem tuam,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 10:

desiste dictis nunc jam miseram me consolari: Nisi quid re praesidium apparas, etc.,

id. Rud. 3, 3, 21: rem ipsam loqui. Ter. And. 1, 2, 31:

rem fabulari,

Plaut. Trin 2, 4, 87:

nihil est aliud in re,

in fact, Liv. 10, 8, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:

se ipsa res aperit,

Nep. Paus. 3, 7:

ex re decerpere fructus,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 79;

opp. verbum, vox, opinio, spes, nomen, etc.: rem opinor spectari oportere, non verba,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; cf.: te rogo, ut rem potiorem oratione ducas, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5:

non modo res omnes, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,

Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:

qui hos deos non re, sed opinione esse dicunt,

id. N. D. 3, 21, 53:

Peripateticos et Academicos nominibus differentes, re congruentes,

id. Ac. 2, 5, 15:

quod nos honestum, illi vanum... verbis quam re probabilius vocant,

Quint. 3, 8, 22; Sen. Ep. 120, 9:

eum, tametsi verbo non audeat, tamen re ipsā de maleficio suo confiteri,

id. Rosc. Am. 42, 123; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 15:

vides quantum distet argumentatio tua ab re ipsā atque a veritate,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 44. — Hence, abl. sing., often strengthened by verā (sometimes as one word, reverā), in fact, really, in truth, indeed, in reality:

haec ille, si verbis non audet, re quidem verā palam loquitur,

Cic. Quint. 17, 56; so,

re quidem verā,

id. Clu. 19, 54; id. Sest. 7, 15:

re autem verā,

id. Fam. 1, 4, 2;

and simply re verā,

id. Quint. 2, 7; id. Div. 2, 54, 110; id. Balb. 3, 7:

re verāque,

Lucr. 2, 48; cf.:

et re verā,

indeed, in fact, Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1; Liv. 33, 11, 3; 35, 31, 12; 36, 6, 1; Nep. Ages. 2, 3; id. Phoc. 3, 3; Curt. 3, 13, 5; 4, 16, 19; Val. Max. 9, 13, ext. 1; Just. 5, 1, 8; 12, 13, 10; Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 1.—

Effects, substance, property, possessions:

mihi Chrysalus Perdidit filium, me atque rem omnem Meam,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 26; cf.: Ph. Habuitne rem? Ly. Habuit. Ph. Qui eam perdidit... Mercaturamne an venales habuit, ubi rem perdidit? id. Trin. 2, 2, 49 sq.:

quibus et re salvā et perditā profueram,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 27:

rem talentum decem,

id. Phorm. 2, 3, 46; Juv. 3, 16:

avidior ad rem,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51:

rem facere,

to make money, Cic. Att. 2, 2, 12:

res eos jampridem, fides deficere nuper coepit,

id. Cat. 2, 5, [p. 1576] 10:

qui duo patrimonia accepisset remque praeterea bonis et honestis rationibus auxisset,

id. Rab. Post. 14, 38:

libertino natum patre et in tenui re,

in narrow circumstances, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 20 et saep.; v. also familiaris.— In plur.: quantis opibus, quibus de rebus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 396 Vahl.):

privatae res,

Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5.—

Hence, law t. t., whatever may be the subject of a right, whether corporeal or incorporeal (v. Sandars, Introd. to Just. Inst. p. 42 sqq.):

res corporales,

Just. Inst. 2, 2, 1 sq.; Gai. Inst. 2, 12; Dig. 1, 8, 1:

res in patrimonio, res extra patrimonium,

Just. Inst. 2, 1 pr.; Gai. Inst. 2, 1:

res sanctae,

Just. Inst. 2, 1, 10; v. also mancipium, privatus, etc.—

Benefit, profit, advantage, interest, weal:

res magis quaeritur, quam, etc.,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 6:

melius illi consulas quam rei tuae,

id. Cist. 1, 1, 98:

haec tuā re feceris,

to your advantage, id. Capt. 2, 2, 46.— Most freq. with the prepositions in, ex, ob, ab, etc.:

quasi istic minor mea res agatur quam tua,

is interested, affected, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113 (v. ago):

si in rem tuam esse videatur,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 2:

vide si hoc in rem deputas,

id. ib. 3, 3, 19:

quod in rem recte conducat tuam,

id. Capt. 2, 3, 26:

si in remst utrique,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 14:

quid mihi melius est, quid magis in rem est, quam? etc.,

useful, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 1:

tamen in rem fore credens universos adpellare,

Sall. C. 20, 1:

omnia quae in rem videbantur esse,

Curt. 6, 2, 21:

ad conparanda ea quae in rem erant,

Liv. 30, 4, 6:

imperat quae in rem sunt,

id. 26, 44, 7; 22, 3, 2:

ex tuā re non est, ut ego emoriar,

for your advantage, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 102: An. Non pudet Vanitatis? Do. Minime, dum ob rem, to the purpose, with advantage, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 41: ob rem facere, usefully, with advantage or profit, Sall. J. 31, 5: subdole blanditur, ab re Consulit blandiloquentulus, contrary to his interest, i. e. to his injury, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12 Brix ad loc.:

haud id est ab re aucupis,

id. As. 1, 3, 71:

haec haud ab re duxi referre,

Liv. 8, 11, 1:

non ab re esse Quinctio visum est interesse, etc.,

id. 35, 32, 6; Plin. 27, 8, 35, § 57; Suet. Aug. 94; Gell. 18, 4, 6; 1, 26, 4; Macr. S. 1, 4, 19.—

Cause, reason, ground, account; only in the connection eā (hac) re, and eam ob rem, adverb., therefore, on that account:

eā re tot res sunt, ubi bene deicias,

Cato, R. R. 158, 2:

hac re nequeunt ex omnibus omnia gigni, Quod, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 172; cf.:

illud eā re a se esse concessum, quod, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 111:

patrem exoravi, tibi ne noceat, neu quid ob eam rem succenseat,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 39; cf.:

quoi rei?

for what purpose? id. As. 3, 2, 43; id. Poen. 2, 3, 3.—Hence (by uniting into one word) the causal adverbs quare and quamobrem, v. h. vv.—

An affair, matter of business, business:

cum et de societate inter se multa communicarent et de totā illā ratione atque re Gallicanā,

Cic. Quint. 4, 15:

rem cum aliquo transigere,

id. Clu. 13, 39. —

Hence, transf., in gen.: res alicui est cum aliquo,

to have to do with any one, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Sest. 16, 37; id. Fam. 9, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 77; cf.:

famigeratori res sit cum damno et malo,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 182 Brix ad loc.— Also without a dat.:

quoniam cum senatore res est,

Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 3;

esp., in mal. part.: rem habere cum aliquo or aliquā,

to have to do with any one, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 35; id. Merc. 3, 1, 37; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 39; 58. —Ellipt.:

jam biennium est, quom mecum rem coepit,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 15. —

A case in law, a lawsuit, cause, suit (more gen. than causa):

ubi res prolatae sunt,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 10:

res agi,

id. Men. 4, 2, 19; id. Aul. 3, 4, 13:

quibus res erat in controversiā, ea vocabatur lis,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 93; cf.

(prob. in allusion to this legal form): tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum diem tertium an perendinum... rem an litem dici oporteret,

Cic. Mur. 12, 27; cf.

also: quarum rerum litium causarum condixit pater patratus, etc., an ancient formula,

Liv. 1, 32:

de rebus ab aliquo cognitis judicatisque dicere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 48, § 118:

pecunias capere ob rem judicandam,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

si res certabitur olim,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 27; 1, 10, 15; 1, 9, 41; id. Ep. 1, 16, 43:

tractu temporis futurum, ut res pereat,

Dig. 3, 3, 12:

rem differre,

ib. 43, 30, 3: res judicata dicitur, quae finem controversiarum pronuntiatione judicis accipit, ib. 42, 1, 1 et saep.—

An affair, esp. a battle, campaign, military operations; in phrase rem (or res) gerere:

res gesta virtute,

Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 66:

ut res gesta est ordine narrare,

Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 3:

his rebus gestis,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

res gerere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33:

rem bene gerere,

id. ib. 1, 8, 1; Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 13:

comminus rem gerunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 44:

res gestae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 7; 2, 1, 251:

adversus duos simul rem gerere,

Liv. 21, 60:

rem male gerere,

Nep. Them. 3, 3; Hor. S. 2, 3, 74:

in relatione rerum ab Scythis gestarum,

Just. 2, 1, 1; cf.:

rem agere,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 4; id. A. P. 82:

ante rem,

before the battle, Liv. 4, 40:

cum Thebanis sibi rem esse existimant,

Nep. Pel. 1, 3; Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—

Acts, events, as the subject of narration, a story, history:

res in unam sententiam scripta,

Auct. Her. 1, 12, 20:

cui lecta potenter erit res,

Hor. A. P. 40; id. S. 1, 10, 57; id. Ep. 1, 19, 29:

in medias res auditorem rapere,

id. A. P. 148; 310:

agitur res in scaenis,

id. ib. 179; cf.:

numeros animosque secutus, non res,

id. Ep. 1, 19, 25; Phaedr. 5, 1, 12:

sicut in rebus ejus (Neronis) exposuimus,

Plin. 2, 83, 85, § 199:

litterae, quibus non modo res omnis, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,

Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:

res populi Romani perscribere, Liv. praef. § 1: res Persicae,

history, Nep. Con. 5, 4; id. Cat. 3, 2.—

Res publica, also as one word, respublica, the common weal, a commonwealth, state, republic (cf. civitas); also, civil affairs, administration, or power, etc.: qui pro republicā, non pro suā obsonat, Cato ap. Ruf. 18, p. 210; cf.:

erat tuae virtutis, in minimis tuas res ponere, de re publicā vehementius laborare,

Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 3:

dummodo ista privata sit calamitas et a rei publicae periculis sejungatur,

id. Cat. 1, 9; cf.:

si re publicā non possis frui, stultum est nolle privatā,

id. Fam. 4, 9, 4:

egestates tot egentissimorum hominum nec privatas posse res nec rem publicam sustinere,

id. Att. 9, 7, 5 (v. publicus); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 14, 3: auguratum est, rem Romanam publicam summam fore, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:

quo utiliores rebus suis publicis essent,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 155:

commutata ratio est rei totius publicae,

id. Att. 1, 8, 4: pro republicā niti, Cato ap. Charis. p. 196 fin.:

merere de republicā,

Plaut. Am. prol. 40:

de re publicā disputatio... dubitationem ad rem publicam adeundi tollere, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

oppugnare rem publicam,

id. Cael. 1, 1; id. Har. Resp. 8, 15; id. Sest. 23, 52:

paene victā re publicā,

id. Fam. 12, 13, 1:

delere rem publicam,

id. Sest. 15, 33; Lact. 6, 18, 28.—Esp. in the phrase e re publicā, for the good of the State, for the public benefit:

senatūs consultis bene et e re publicā factis,

Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 30:

ea si dicam non esse e re publicā dividi,

id. Fam. 13, 8, 2; id. Mil. 5, 14; Liv. 8, 4, 12; 25, 7, 4; 34, 34, 9; Suet. Rhet. 1 init. —Post-class. and rare, also ex republicā, Gell. 6, 3, 47; 11, 9, 1;

but exque is used for euphony (class.): id eum recte atque ordine exque re publicā fecisse,

Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 38; 5, 13, 36; 10, 11, 26.— In plur.:

eae nationes respublicas suas amiserunt, C. Gracch. ap. Fest. s. h. v. p. 286 Müll.: hoc loquor de tribus his generibus rerum publicarum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 28, 44:

circuitus in rebus publicis commutationum,

id. ib. 1, 29, 45 et saep.—

Sometimes simply res, the State (in the poets, and since the Aug. per. in prose): unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84 (Ann. v. 313 Vahl.):

hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam sistet,

Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

nec rem Romanam tam desidem umquam fuisse,

Liv. 21, 16; 1, 28:

parva ista non contemnendo majores nostri maximam hanc rem fecerunt,

id. 6, 41 fin.:

Romana,

Hor. C. S. 66; id. Ep. 1, 12, 25; Ov. M. 14, 809; Sall. C. 6, 3; cf.:

ut paulo ante animum inter Fidenatem Romanamque rem ancipitem gessisti,

Liv. 1, 28 fin.:

Albana,

id. 1, 6.— In plur.:

res Asiae evertere,

Verg. A. 3, 1:

custode rerum Caesare,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 17; cf.:

res sine discordiā translatae,

Tac. H. 1, 29; so (also in Cic.), rerum potiri, v. potior. —

Res novae, political changes, a revolution, etc.; v. novus.

servo, āvi, ātum, 1 (old fut. perf. servasso, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71: servassis, an old formula in Cato, R. R. 141, 3:

servassit,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 76:

servassint,

id. As. 3, 3, 64; id. Cas. 2, 5, 16; id. Ps. 1, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103), v. a. [cf. salus].

Lit.

In gen., to save, deliver, keep unharmed, preserve, protect, etc. (very freq. and class.; syn. salvo): Ph. Perdis me tuis dictis. Cu. Immo servo et servatum volo, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 56; cf.:

qui ceteros servavi, ut nos periremus,

Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 2:

pol me occidistis, amici, Non servastis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 139:

aliquem ex periculo,

Caes. B. C. 2, 41 fin.:

aliquem ex judicio,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 131:

vita ex hostium telis servata,

id. Rep. 1, 3, 5:

urbs ex belli ore et faucibus erepta atque servata,

id. Arch. 9, 21.—With ab and abl. (mostly post - Aug. and rare):

si tamen servari a furibus possunt,

Pall. 5, 8, 7 fin.:

super omnia Capitolium summamque rem in eo solus a Gallis servaverat,

Plin. 7, 28, 29, § 103.—Mars pater, te precor, pastores pecuaque salva servassis duisque bonam salutem mihi, etc., an old formula of prayer, Cato, R. R. 141, 3:

di te servassint semper,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 64:

di te servassint mihi,

id. Cas. 2, 5, 16; id. Ps. 1, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103:

ita me servet Juppiter,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 24:

serva, quod in te est, filium et me et familiam,

id. Heaut. 4, 8, 4: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratiā. Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.):

invitum qui servat idem facit occidenti,

Hor. A. P. 467:

Graeciae portus per se (i. e. Themistoclem) servatos,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 5: [p. 1684] servare rem publicam, id. Sest. 22, 49:

quoniam me unā vobiscum servare non possum, vestrae quidem certe vitae prospiciam, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 50:

impedimenta cohortesque,

id. B. C. 1, 70:

urbem insulamque Caesari,

id. ib. 2, 20:

sua,

Cato, R. R. 5, 1:

rem suam,

Hor. A. P. 329:

servabit odorem Testa,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 69:

Sabinus Vitisator, curvam servans sub imagine falcem,

keeping, retaining, Verg. A. 7, 179 et saep.:

urbem et cives integros incolumesque,

Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 25:

pudicitiam liberorum ab eorum libidine tutam,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 68:

se integros castosque,

id. Tusc. 1, 30, 72: omnia mihi integra, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1.— Poet. with inf.:

infecta sanguine tela Conjugibus servant parvisque ostendere natis,

Stat. Th. 9, 188.— Absol.: So. Perii, pugnos ponderat. Me. Quid si ego illum tractim tangam ut dormiat? So. Servaveris:

Nam continuas has tres noctes pervigilavi,

you would save me, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 157.—

With abl. or ab or ex and abl. of the danger or evil:

si respublica populi Romani Quiritium ad quinquennium proximum salva servata erit hisce duellis, datum donum duit, etc., an ancient votive formula,

Liv. 22, 10, 2:

Q. SERVILIVS VVLNERE SERVATVS,

Inscr. Grut. 48, 5:

omnes quattuor amissis servatae a peste carinae,

Verg. A. 5, 699.—Usu. with ex:

quo ex judicio te ulla salus servare posset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 131:

urbs ex omni impetu regio servata,

id. Arch. 9, 21:

ex eo periculo,

Caes. B. C. 2, 41:

navem ex hieme marique,

Nep. Att. 10, 6.—

With abstract objects: navorum imperium servare est induperantum, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 169 Müll. (Trag. v. 413 Vahl.):

imperium probe,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 7:

ordines,

Caes. B. G. 4, 26; id. B. C. 1, 44; 2, 41; cf. id. B. G. 7, 23:

ordinem laboris quietisque,

Liv. 26, 51:

praesidia indiligentius,

Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

vigilias,

Liv. 34, 9:

custodias neglegenter,

id. 33, 4:

discrimina rerum,

id. 5, 46:

concentum (fides),

Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75:

cursus,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68:

intervallum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

tenorem pugnae,

Liv. 30, 18:

modum,

Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 180 et saep.:

fidem,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 63:

fidem cum aliquo,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 49; id. Merc. 3, 1, 33; Ter. And. 1, 5, 45:

fides juris jurandi saepe cum hoste servanda,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107; cf.:

fidem de numero dierum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 36:

promissum,

Plaut. Am. 5, 3, 1:

promissa,

Cic. Off. 1, 10, 23:

officia,

id. ib. 1, 11, 33:

justitiam,

id. ib. 1, 13, 41; cf.:

aequabilitatem juris,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 53:

aequitatem,

id. Off. 1, 19, 64:

jura induciarum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 85:

institutum militare,

id. ib. 3, 75; cf. id. ib. 3, 84;

3, 89: rectum animi, Hor S. 2, 3, 201: consulta patrum, leges juraque,

id. Ep. 1, 16, 41;

legem,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 2:

consuetudinem,

id. Clu. 32, 89:

illud quod deceat,

id. Off. 1, 28, 97:

dignitatem,

id. de Or. 2, 54, 221:

fidem cum aliquo,

id. Phil. 7, 8, 22:

amicitiam summā fide,

id. Lael. 7, 25:

Platonis verecundiam,

id. Fam. 9, 22, 5:

aequam mentem,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 2:

nati amorem,

Verg. A. 2, 789:

conubia alicujus,

id. ib. 3, 319:

foedera,

Ov. F. 2, 159.—

In partic., to keep, lay up, preserve, reserve for the future or for some purpose (syn. reservare):

si voles servare (vinum) in vetustatem, ad alvum movendam servato,

Cato, R. R. 114, 2; Col. 12, 28, 4:

lectum Massicum,

Hor. C. 3, 21, 6; Col. 12, 28, 4; cf.:

Caecuba centum clavibus,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 26:

lapis chernites mitior est servandis corporibus nec absumendis,

Plin. 36, 17, 28, § 132:

vermes in melle,

id. 30, 13, 39, § 115:

se temporibus aliis,

Cic. Planc. 5, 13:

eo me servavi,

id. Att. 5, 17, 1:

Valerius, in parvis rebus neglegens ultor gravem se ad majora vindicem servabat,

Liv. 2, 11, 4; 10, 28, 5.—With dat.:

placet esse quasdam res servatas judicio voluntatique multitudinis,

Cic. Rep. 1, 45, 69:

in aliquod tempus quam integerrimas vires militi servare,

Liv. 10, 28:

Jovis auribus ista (carmina) Servas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 44:

causa integra Caesari servaretur, Auct. B. Alex. 35, 1: durate et vosmet rebus servate secundis,

Verg. A. 1, 207.— Poet. with ad:

ad Herculeos servaberis arcus,

Ov. M. 12, 309.—

Transf. (from the idea of the attention being turned to any thing).

To give heed to, pay attention to; to watch, observe any thing (syn. observo).

In gen.

With acc.: uxor scelesta me omnibus servat modis, Ne, etc., Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 5:

vestimenta sua,

id. ib. 2, 3, 52:

iter alicujus,

Caes. B. G. 5, 19:

Palinurus dum sidera servat,

Verg. A. 6, 338:

nubem locumque,

Ov. M. 5, 631:

nutricis limen servantis alumnae,

keeping watch over, guarding, id. ib. 10, 383:

pascentes haedos,

Verg. E. 5, 12:

vestibulum,

id. A. 6, 556:

servaturis vigili Capitolia voce Cederet anseribus,

Ov. M. 2, 538; cf.:

pomaria dederat servanda draconi,

id. ib. 4, 646.—

With rel.-clause or final: quid servas, quo eam, quid agam? Lucil. ap. Non. 387, 26:

tuus servus servet, Venerine eas (coronas) det, an viro,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 60:

cum decemviri servassent, ut unus fasces haberet,

Liv. 3, 36, 3:

servandum in eo ante omnia, ut, etc.,

Plin. 17, 17, 28, § 124:

ut (triumviri) servarent, ne qui nocturni coetus fierent,

Liv. 39, 14 fin.; Col. 8, 5, 13.—

Absol., to stay, keep watch, or guard: Eu. Intus serva. Sl. Quippini Ego intus servem? an, ne quis aedes auferat? Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 3 sq.; cf.:

nemo in aedibus Servat,

id. Most. 2, 2, 22:

solus Sannio servat domi,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 10; Ov. M. 1, 627.— Imper.:

serva!

take care! look out! beware! Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 29; Ter. And. 2, 5, 5; id. Ad. 2, 1, 18; Hor. S. 2, 3, 59.—

In partic., in relig. lang., to observe an omen: secundam avem servat... servat genus altivolantum, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 83 and 84 Vahl.):

de caelo servare,

Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 81; id. Div. 2, 35, 74;

so of the augurs: de caelo,

id. Vatin. 6, 15; id. Sest. 61, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Att. 2, 16, 2; 4, 3, 3:

caelum servare,

Lucr. 5, 395:

fulgura caeli,

id. 6, 429.—

To keep to, remain in a place (i. e. to keep watch there); to dwell in, inhabit (ante-class. and poet.):

nunc te amabo, ut hanc hoc triduum solum sinas Esse hic et servare apud me,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 107:

tu nidum servas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 6:

atria servantem postico falle clientem,

id. ib. 1, 5, 31:

nymphae sorores, Centum quae silvas, centum quae flumina servant,

Verg. G. 4, 383:

immanem hydrum Servantem ripas,

id. ib. 4, 459:

sola domum et tantas servabat filia sedes,

id. A. 7, 52:

DOMVM SERVAVIT, LANAM FECIT,

Inscr. Orell. 3848.—

In late jurid. Lat.:

servare aliquid (pecuniam) ab aliquo,

to get, obtain, receive, Dig. 17, 1, 45 fin.; so ib. 25, 5, 2; 26, 7, 61.—Hence, * servans, antis, P.a., keeping, observant; with gen.:

Rhipeus servantissimus aequi,

Verg. A. 2, 427.

sōlus, a, um ( gen. regular. solius; dat. soli; gen. m. soli, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 694 P.; dat. m. SOLO, Inscr. Orell. 2627; f. solae, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 28; Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 3), adj. [orig. the same with sollus, q. v.; cf. salus. By Pott referred to sui, Kühn. Zeitschr. 5, 242].

Lit.

In gen., alone, only, single, sole (syn.:

unus, unicus, singularis): quod egomet solus feci, nec quisquam alius affuit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 269:

cum omnibus potius quam soli perire voluerunt,

Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 14:

cum visum esset utilius solum quam cum altero regnare,

id. Off. 3, 10, 41:

licebit eum solus ames,

id. Att. 6, 3, 7:

tot mea Solius solliciti sint causa, ut, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 77:

nec mihi soli versantur ante oculos... sed, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 27, 102:

non sibi se soli natum meminerit,

id. Fin. 2, 14, 45 fin.:

extra Peloponnesum Aenianes, etc.... soli absunt a mari,

id. Rep. 2, 4, 8:

quae sola divina sunt,

id. Tusc. 1, 27, 66:

ita sola errare videbar,

Enn. Ann. 1, 45; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 2:

Africanum solitum esse dicere, se numquam minus solum esse, quam cum solus esset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 27:

rem narrabit sola soli,

Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 15; 4, 1, 42; id. Eun. 3, 5, 31; Cato ap. Prisc. p. 694 P.:

de viginti Restabam solus,

Ov. M. 3, 688:

solus ex plurimis servis,

Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:

solus ex toto illo collegio,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 18:

Stoici soli ex omnibus,

id. de Or. 3, 18, 65:

tu ex omnibus,

id. Fam. 2, 17, 6:

ego meorum solus sum meus,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 1, 21:

coturnices solae animalium,

Plin. 10, 23, 33, § 69:

solus inter omnes,

Mart. 4, 2, 1:

quae (actio) sola per se ipsa quanta sit, histrionum ars declarat,

Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 18; so,

per se,

id. Top. 15, 59; Liv. 1, 49; 10, 1 al.—With subj. inf.:

nam solum habere velle summa dementia est,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 26, 56.—Strengthened by unus: Ch. Quid, duasne is uxores habet? So. Obsecro:

unam ille quidem hanc solam,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 27:

solum unum hoc vitium affert senectus hominibus,

id. Ad. 5, 3, 47:

furta praetoris quae essent HS. duodecies, ex uno oppido solo exportata sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

unam solam scitote esse civitatem, quae, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 2, 5, §

13: te unum solum suum depeculatorem venisse,

id. Pis. 40, 96.—With other numerals (freq. and class.), Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 51; Cic. Ac. 2, 45, 138; id. Att. 2, 1, 5; id. Phil. 11, 8, 18; id. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182: Ge. Quantum tibi opus est argenti? Ph. Solae triginta minae, Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 24; Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

qui solos novem menses Asiae praefuit,

Cic. Att. 5, 17, 5; Liv. 1, 55, 8; 6, 36, 8; 37, 23, 10; and Suet. Aug. 97. —In voc.: felix lectule talibus sole amoribus, Attic. ap. Prisc. p. 673 P.—

In partic., alone, lonely, solitary, forsaken, deserted; without relatives, friends, etc. (rare;

syn. solitarius): sola sum: habeo hic neminem, Neque amicum neque cognatum,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 67; cf. id. Ad. 3, 1, 4; id. And. 2, 3, 7:

solus atque omnium honestarum rerum egens,

Sall. J. 14, 17; id. H. 3, 61, 3 Dietsch:

gaudet me vacuo solam tabescere lecto,

Prop. 3, 5 (4, 6), 23.—

Transf., of places, lonely, solitary, unfrequented, desert, = desertus (class.):

hic solis locis composita sum, Hic saxa sunt, hic mare sonat, nec quisquam Homo mihi obviam venit,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 22; cf.:

cum in locis solis moestus errares,

Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59:

loca,

Lucr. 6, 396; Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 5, 13, 28; Nep. Eum. 8, 6 (for which shortly before: loca deserta); Sall. J. 103, 1:

locus,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 7; Ter. And. 2, 4, 3:

terrae,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 8; id. Most. 4, 3, 3; Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 86:

Libyae agri,

Verg. G. 3, 249:

insula,

Cat. 64, 184:

in harena,

id. 64, 57:

solā sub rupe,

Verg. E. 10, 14; Cat. 64, 154:

in monte,

Tib. 1, 2, 72 (Müll. solito) et saep.—Hence, adv.: sōlum, alone, only, merely, barely.

Affirmatively (rare but class.; syn. tantum, but never with numerals, except unus; cf.

solus, A. supra): de re unā solum dissident, de ceteris mirifice congruunt. Ain' tandem? unā de re solum est dissensio?

Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53: nos nuntiationem solum habemus:

consules etiam spectionem,

id. Phil. 2, 32, 81; id. Or. 48, 160:

quasi vero atrā bili solum mens ac non saepe vel iracundia graviore vel timore moveatur,

id. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:

quae hominum solum auribus judicantur,

id. N. D. 2, 58, 146:

quasi vero perpetua oratio rhetorum solum, non etiam philosophorum sit,

id. Fin. 2, 6, 17.—

Strengthened by modo, and joined with it in one word, sōlummŏdo (only late Lat., for the true reading, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 92, is unam tantum, Jan. Detlef.;

whereas tantummodo is class.): de exercitore solummodo Praetor sentit,

Dig. 4, 9, 1, § 2:

pretii solummodo fieri aestimationem,

ib. 9, 2, 23, § 1; 11, 5, 1, § 3; 28, 5, 1, § 1; Quint. Decl. 247; Tert. Res. Carn. 26; Hier. Ep. 12.—

Negatively: non solum, nec (neque) solum... sed (verum) etiam (et), etc., not only ( not merely, not barely)... but also, etc. (class. and freq.):

non solum publicas, sed etiam privatas injurias ultus est,

Caes. B. G. 1, 12 fin.:

urbes non solum multis periculis oppositae, sed etiam caecis,

Cic. Rep. 2, 3, 6:

importantur non merces solum adventiciae, sed etiam mores,

id. ib. 2, 4, 7:

neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

te non solum naturā et moribus, verum etiam studio et doctrinā esse sapientem,

id. Lael. 2, 6:

non nobis solum nati sumus,

id. Off. 1, 7, 22:

ut sapiens solum contentus possit vivere,

id. Fin. 1, 13, 44 Madv. ad loc.:

bestiae sibi solum natae sunt,

id. ib. 3, 19, 63:

nec vero solum hanc libidinem laudant,

id. Tusc. 4, 19, 44:

servavit ab omni Non solum facto verum opprobrio quoque turpi,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 84:

non enim jus illud solum superbius populo, sed violentius videri necesse erat,

Cic. Leg. 3, 7, 17; id. Cat. 3, 10, 24:

non solum ortum novum populum, sed adultum jam, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 11, 21:

quibus opibus ac nervis non solum ad minuendam gratiam, sed paene ad perniciem suam uteretur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20:

quae non solum facta esse, sed ne fieri quidem potuisse cernimus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 28:

bene meriti de rebus communibus, ut genere etiam putarentur non solum ingenio esse divino,

id. ib. 2, 2, 4:

neque solum civis, set cujusmodi genus hominum,

Sall. C. 39, 6; v. non and sed.

Sŏlūs, untis, f., = Solous, a town on the northern coast of Sicily, now Castello di Solanto, Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 90.—Hence, Sŏ-luntīni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Solus, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 103; sing., id. ib. 2, 2, 42, § 102.

sŏlus, ūs, m., v. solum init.

sōlus, a, um ( gen. regular. solius; dat. soli; gen. m. soli, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 694 P.; dat. m. SOLO, Inscr. Orell. 2627; f. solae, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 28; Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 3), adj. [orig. the same with sollus, q. v.; cf. salus. By Pott referred to sui, Kühn. Zeitschr. 5, 242].

Lit.

In gen., alone, only, single, sole (syn.:

unus, unicus, singularis): quod egomet solus feci, nec quisquam alius affuit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 269:

cum omnibus potius quam soli perire voluerunt,

Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 14:

cum visum esset utilius solum quam cum altero regnare,

id. Off. 3, 10, 41:

licebit eum solus ames,

id. Att. 6, 3, 7:

tot mea Solius solliciti sint causa, ut, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 77:

nec mihi soli versantur ante oculos... sed, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 27, 102:

non sibi se soli natum meminerit,

id. Fin. 2, 14, 45 fin.:

extra Peloponnesum Aenianes, etc.... soli absunt a mari,

id. Rep. 2, 4, 8:

quae sola divina sunt,

id. Tusc. 1, 27, 66:

ita sola errare videbar,

Enn. Ann. 1, 45; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 2:

Africanum solitum esse dicere, se numquam minus solum esse, quam cum solus esset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 27:

rem narrabit sola soli,

Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 15; 4, 1, 42; id. Eun. 3, 5, 31; Cato ap. Prisc. p. 694 P.:

de viginti Restabam solus,

Ov. M. 3, 688:

solus ex plurimis servis,

Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:

solus ex toto illo collegio,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 18:

Stoici soli ex omnibus,

id. de Or. 3, 18, 65:

tu ex omnibus,

id. Fam. 2, 17, 6:

ego meorum solus sum meus,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 1, 21:

coturnices solae animalium,

Plin. 10, 23, 33, § 69:

solus inter omnes,

Mart. 4, 2, 1:

quae (actio) sola per se ipsa quanta sit, histrionum ars declarat,

Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 18; so,

per se,

id. Top. 15, 59; Liv. 1, 49; 10, 1 al.—With subj. inf.:

nam solum habere velle summa dementia est,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 26, 56.—Strengthened by unus: Ch. Quid, duasne is uxores habet? So. Obsecro:

unam ille quidem hanc solam,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 27:

solum unum hoc vitium affert senectus hominibus,

id. Ad. 5, 3, 47:

furta praetoris quae essent HS. duodecies, ex uno oppido solo exportata sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

unam solam scitote esse civitatem, quae, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 2, 5, §

13: te unum solum suum depeculatorem venisse,

id. Pis. 40, 96.—With other numerals (freq. and class.), Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 51; Cic. Ac. 2, 45, 138; id. Att. 2, 1, 5; id. Phil. 11, 8, 18; id. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182: Ge. Quantum tibi opus est argenti? Ph. Solae triginta minae, Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 24; Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

qui solos novem menses Asiae praefuit,

Cic. Att. 5, 17, 5; Liv. 1, 55, 8; 6, 36, 8; 37, 23, 10; and Suet. Aug. 97. —In voc.: felix lectule talibus sole amoribus, Attic. ap. Prisc. p. 673 P.—

In partic., alone, lonely, solitary, forsaken, deserted; without relatives, friends, etc. (rare;

syn. solitarius): sola sum: habeo hic neminem, Neque amicum neque cognatum,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 67; cf. id. Ad. 3, 1, 4; id. And. 2, 3, 7:

solus atque omnium honestarum rerum egens,

Sall. J. 14, 17; id. H. 3, 61, 3 Dietsch:

gaudet me vacuo solam tabescere lecto,

Prop. 3, 5 (4, 6), 23.—

Transf., of places, lonely, solitary, unfrequented, desert, = desertus (class.):

hic solis locis composita sum, Hic saxa sunt, hic mare sonat, nec quisquam Homo mihi obviam venit,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 22; cf.:

cum in locis solis moestus errares,

Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59:

loca,

Lucr. 6, 396; Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 5, 13, 28; Nep. Eum. 8, 6 (for which shortly before: loca deserta); Sall. J. 103, 1:

locus,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 7; Ter. And. 2, 4, 3:

terrae,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 8; id. Most. 4, 3, 3; Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 86:

Libyae agri,

Verg. G. 3, 249:

insula,

Cat. 64, 184:

in harena,

id. 64, 57:

solā sub rupe,

Verg. E. 10, 14; Cat. 64, 154:

in monte,

Tib. 1, 2, 72 (Müll. solito) et saep.—Hence, adv.: sōlum, alone, only, merely, barely.

Affirmatively (rare but class.; syn. tantum, but never with numerals, except unus; cf.

solus, A. supra): de re unā solum dissident, de ceteris mirifice congruunt. Ain' tandem? unā de re solum est dissensio?

Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53: nos nuntiationem solum habemus:

consules etiam spectionem,

id. Phil. 2, 32, 81; id. Or. 48, 160:

quasi vero atrā bili solum mens ac non saepe vel iracundia graviore vel timore moveatur,

id. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:

quae hominum solum auribus judicantur,

id. N. D. 2, 58, 146:

quasi vero perpetua oratio rhetorum solum, non etiam philosophorum sit,

id. Fin. 2, 6, 17.—

Strengthened by modo, and joined with it in one word, sōlummŏdo (only late Lat., for the true reading, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 92, is unam tantum, Jan. Detlef.;

whereas tantummodo is class.): de exercitore solummodo Praetor sentit,

Dig. 4, 9, 1, § 2:

pretii solummodo fieri aestimationem,

ib. 9, 2, 23, § 1; 11, 5, 1, § 3; 28, 5, 1, § 1; Quint. Decl. 247; Tert. Res. Carn. 26; Hier. Ep. 12.—

Negatively: non solum, nec (neque) solum... sed (verum) etiam (et), etc., not only ( not merely, not barely)... but also, etc. (class. and freq.):

non solum publicas, sed etiam privatas injurias ultus est,

Caes. B. G. 1, 12 fin.:

urbes non solum multis periculis oppositae, sed etiam caecis,

Cic. Rep. 2, 3, 6:

importantur non merces solum adventiciae, sed etiam mores,

id. ib. 2, 4, 7:

neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

te non solum naturā et moribus, verum etiam studio et doctrinā esse sapientem,

id. Lael. 2, 6:

non nobis solum nati sumus,

id. Off. 1, 7, 22:

ut sapiens solum contentus possit vivere,

id. Fin. 1, 13, 44 Madv. ad loc.:

bestiae sibi solum natae sunt,

id. ib. 3, 19, 63:

nec vero solum hanc libidinem laudant,

id. Tusc. 4, 19, 44:

servavit ab omni Non solum facto verum opprobrio quoque turpi,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 84:

non enim jus illud solum superbius populo, sed violentius videri necesse erat,

Cic. Leg. 3, 7, 17; id. Cat. 3, 10, 24:

non solum ortum novum populum, sed adultum jam, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 11, 21:

quibus opibus ac nervis non solum ad minuendam gratiam, sed paene ad perniciem suam uteretur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20:

quae non solum facta esse, sed ne fieri quidem potuisse cernimus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 28:

bene meriti de rebus communibus, ut genere etiam putarentur non solum ingenio esse divino,

id. ib. 2, 2, 4:

neque solum civis, set cujusmodi genus hominum,

Sall. C. 39, 6; v. non and sed.

Sŏlūs, untis, f., = Solous, a town on the northern coast of Sicily, now Castello di Solanto, Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 90.—Hence, Sŏ-luntīni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Solus, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 103; sing., id. ib. 2, 2, 42, § 102.

sŏlus, ūs, m., v. solum init.

sōlus, a, um ( gen. regular. solius; dat. soli; gen. m. soli, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 694 P.; dat. m. SOLO, Inscr. Orell. 2627; f. solae, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 28; Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 3), adj. [orig. the same with sollus, q. v.; cf. salus. By Pott referred to sui, Kühn. Zeitschr. 5, 242].

Lit.

In gen., alone, only, single, sole (syn.:

unus, unicus, singularis): quod egomet solus feci, nec quisquam alius affuit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 269:

cum omnibus potius quam soli perire voluerunt,

Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 14:

cum visum esset utilius solum quam cum altero regnare,

id. Off. 3, 10, 41:

licebit eum solus ames,

id. Att. 6, 3, 7:

tot mea Solius solliciti sint causa, ut, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 77:

nec mihi soli versantur ante oculos... sed, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 27, 102:

non sibi se soli natum meminerit,

id. Fin. 2, 14, 45 fin.:

extra Peloponnesum Aenianes, etc.... soli absunt a mari,

id. Rep. 2, 4, 8:

quae sola divina sunt,

id. Tusc. 1, 27, 66:

ita sola errare videbar,

Enn. Ann. 1, 45; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 2:

Africanum solitum esse dicere, se numquam minus solum esse, quam cum solus esset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 27:

rem narrabit sola soli,

Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 15; 4, 1, 42; id. Eun. 3, 5, 31; Cato ap. Prisc. p. 694 P.:

de viginti Restabam solus,

Ov. M. 3, 688:

solus ex plurimis servis,

Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:

solus ex toto illo collegio,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 18:

Stoici soli ex omnibus,

id. de Or. 3, 18, 65:

tu ex omnibus,

id. Fam. 2, 17, 6:

ego meorum solus sum meus,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 1, 21:

coturnices solae animalium,

Plin. 10, 23, 33, § 69:

solus inter omnes,

Mart. 4, 2, 1:

quae (actio) sola per se ipsa quanta sit, histrionum ars declarat,

Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 18; so,

per se,

id. Top. 15, 59; Liv. 1, 49; 10, 1 al.—With subj. inf.:

nam solum habere velle summa dementia est,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 26, 56.—Strengthened by unus: Ch. Quid, duasne is uxores habet? So. Obsecro:

unam ille quidem hanc solam,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 27:

solum unum hoc vitium affert senectus hominibus,

id. Ad. 5, 3, 47:

furta praetoris quae essent HS. duodecies, ex uno oppido solo exportata sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

unam solam scitote esse civitatem, quae, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 2, 5, §

13: te unum solum suum depeculatorem venisse,

id. Pis. 40, 96.—With other numerals (freq. and class.), Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 51; Cic. Ac. 2, 45, 138; id. Att. 2, 1, 5; id. Phil. 11, 8, 18; id. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182: Ge. Quantum tibi opus est argenti? Ph. Solae triginta minae, Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 24; Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

qui solos novem menses Asiae praefuit,

Cic. Att. 5, 17, 5; Liv. 1, 55, 8; 6, 36, 8; 37, 23, 10; and Suet. Aug. 97. —In voc.: felix lectule talibus sole amoribus, Attic. ap. Prisc. p. 673 P.—

In partic., alone, lonely, solitary, forsaken, deserted; without relatives, friends, etc. (rare;

syn. solitarius): sola sum: habeo hic neminem, Neque amicum neque cognatum,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 67; cf. id. Ad. 3, 1, 4; id. And. 2, 3, 7:

solus atque omnium honestarum rerum egens,

Sall. J. 14, 17; id. H. 3, 61, 3 Dietsch:

gaudet me vacuo solam tabescere lecto,

Prop. 3, 5 (4, 6), 23.—

Transf., of places, lonely, solitary, unfrequented, desert, = desertus (class.):

hic solis locis composita sum, Hic saxa sunt, hic mare sonat, nec quisquam Homo mihi obviam venit,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 22; cf.:

cum in locis solis moestus errares,

Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59:

loca,

Lucr. 6, 396; Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 5, 13, 28; Nep. Eum. 8, 6 (for which shortly before: loca deserta); Sall. J. 103, 1:

locus,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 7; Ter. And. 2, 4, 3:

terrae,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 8; id. Most. 4, 3, 3; Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 86:

Libyae agri,

Verg. G. 3, 249:

insula,

Cat. 64, 184:

in harena,

id. 64, 57:

solā sub rupe,

Verg. E. 10, 14; Cat. 64, 154:

in monte,

Tib. 1, 2, 72 (Müll. solito) et saep.—Hence, adv.: sōlum, alone, only, merely, barely.

Affirmatively (rare but class.; syn. tantum, but never with numerals, except unus; cf.

solus, A. supra): de re unā solum dissident, de ceteris mirifice congruunt. Ain' tandem? unā de re solum est dissensio?

Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53: nos nuntiationem solum habemus:

consules etiam spectionem,

id. Phil. 2, 32, 81; id. Or. 48, 160:

quasi vero atrā bili solum mens ac non saepe vel iracundia graviore vel timore moveatur,

id. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:

quae hominum solum auribus judicantur,

id. N. D. 2, 58, 146:

quasi vero perpetua oratio rhetorum solum, non etiam philosophorum sit,

id. Fin. 2, 6, 17.—

Strengthened by modo, and joined with it in one word, sōlummŏdo (only late Lat., for the true reading, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 92, is unam tantum, Jan. Detlef.;

whereas tantummodo is class.): de exercitore solummodo Praetor sentit,

Dig. 4, 9, 1, § 2:

pretii solummodo fieri aestimationem,

ib. 9, 2, 23, § 1; 11, 5, 1, § 3; 28, 5, 1, § 1; Quint. Decl. 247; Tert. Res. Carn. 26; Hier. Ep. 12.—

Negatively: non solum, nec (neque) solum... sed (verum) etiam (et), etc., not only ( not merely, not barely)... but also, etc. (class. and freq.):

non solum publicas, sed etiam privatas injurias ultus est,

Caes. B. G. 1, 12 fin.:

urbes non solum multis periculis oppositae, sed etiam caecis,

Cic. Rep. 2, 3, 6:

importantur non merces solum adventiciae, sed etiam mores,

id. ib. 2, 4, 7:

neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

te non solum naturā et moribus, verum etiam studio et doctrinā esse sapientem,

id. Lael. 2, 6:

non nobis solum nati sumus,

id. Off. 1, 7, 22:

ut sapiens solum contentus possit vivere,

id. Fin. 1, 13, 44 Madv. ad loc.:

bestiae sibi solum natae sunt,

id. ib. 3, 19, 63:

nec vero solum hanc libidinem laudant,

id. Tusc. 4, 19, 44:

servavit ab omni Non solum facto verum opprobrio quoque turpi,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 84:

non enim jus illud solum superbius populo, sed violentius videri necesse erat,

Cic. Leg. 3, 7, 17; id. Cat. 3, 10, 24:

non solum ortum novum populum, sed adultum jam, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 11, 21:

quibus opibus ac nervis non solum ad minuendam gratiam, sed paene ad perniciem suam uteretur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20:

quae non solum facta esse, sed ne fieri quidem potuisse cernimus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 28:

bene meriti de rebus communibus, ut genere etiam putarentur non solum ingenio esse divino,

id. ib. 2, 2, 4:

neque solum civis, set cujusmodi genus hominum,

Sall. C. 39, 6; v. non and sed.

Sŏlūs, untis, f., = Solous, a town on the northern coast of Sicily, now Castello di Solanto, Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 90.—Hence, Sŏ-luntīni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Solus, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 103; sing., id. ib. 2, 2, 42, § 102.

sŏlus, ūs, m., v. solum init.

tālis, e, adj. [demonstr. stem to-, cf. Gr. têlikos], such, of such a kind, nature, or quality, such like; with a corresp. qualis, atque, ut, qui, or absol.

Ingen.

With correlatives.

With qualis:

talis est quaeque res publica, qualis ejus aut natura aut voluntas, qui illam regit,

Cic. Rep. 1, 31, 47:

ut facillime, quales simus, tales esse videamur,

id. Off. 2, 13, 44:

cum esset talis, qualem te esse video,

id. Mur. 14, 32; id. Rep. 1, 26, 41:

quale solet viscum virere... Talis erat species,

Verg. A. 6, 208; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 31, 47.—

With atque:

faxo tali eum mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 39:

honos tali populi Romani voluntate paucis est delatus ac mihi,

Cic. Vatin. 4, 10.—

With ut:

tales nos esse putamus, ut jure laudemur,

Cic. Off. 1, 26, 91:

nunc rationem videtis esse talem, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 22, 39:

talia esse scio, ut, etc.,

Liv. 42, 42, 7.—

With qui:

talem te esse oportet, qui primum te ab impiorum civium societate sejungas,

Cic. Fam. 10, 6, 3:

ultima talis erit, quae mea prima fides,

Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 34; Stat. Th. 2, 170.—

In gen., such, the like: sin est probus (Cresphontes maritus meus), Cur talem invitam invitum cogis linquere? Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38 (Trag. v. 158 Vahl.):

quoi in re tali jam subvenisti antidhac,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 26:

aliquid tale putavi fore,

Cic. Att. 16, 8, 2:

tantum abest, ut et ipsi tale quicquam facturi fueritis,

Liv. 26, 31, 5:

a quo tale quid dictum referretur,

id. 5, 1, 7:

quod erit ejusmodi, nihil ut tale ullā in re publicā reperiatur,

Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 42:

omnem legem esse laudabilem, quibusdam talibus argumentis docent,

id. Leg. 2, 5, 11; cf. id. Univ. 7:

haec taliaque vociferantes,

Liv. 5, 2, 13; cf. Tac. A. 11, 24:

nil metuens tale,

Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 67.—

Esp., in discourse, etc., referring to something that follows, the following, as follows, such as this, etc.: talia commemorat lacrimans, exterrita somno: Eurydica, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 37 Vahl.):

talia fatur: Salve, etc.,

Verg. A. 5, 79; 1, 559; 6, 372:

talia tum placido Saturnius edidit ore: dicite, etc.,

Ov. M. 8, 703:

id tale est: occidisti hominem, etc.,

Quint. 7, 1, 6; cf. id. 5, 10, 82; 9, 2, 41:

quae talia,

Verg. A. 7, 21; 10, 298:

tali modo liberatus est,

as follows, Nep. Cim. 2, 1.—

In partic., pregn., like the Gr. toiosde or toioutos, of such an especial kind or nature (both in a good and a bad sense), so distinguished, great, excellent, good, beautiful, fine, etc., so great, extreme, bad, etc., such emphatically, = tantus:

ubi tu, talis vir, falsum autumas,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 2:

oculos corrumpis talis,

id. Merc. 3, 1, 3:

talem, tali genere atque animo natum ex tantā familiā,

Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 10:

istam times, ne illum talem praeripiat tibi,

id. Eun. 1, 2, 81; cf.:

quibus rebus tantis, talibus gestis, quid fuit causae, cur, etc.?

Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

quae tuā sponte faceres in hominem tantum et talem, calamitosum,

id. Fam. 13, 66, 1:

urbes tantas atque tales,

id. N. D. 3, 38, 92; id. Fam. 15, 4, 14:

quid negotii geritur, in quo ille tot et tales viros defatigat?

id. Quint. 13, 42: judices tali dignitate praediti, id. Clu. 53, 147; Caes. B. C. 1, 53:

pro tali facinore,

id. B. G. 6, 34 fin.; Sall. J. 10, 8:

tamen is ad id locorum talis vir consulatum petere non audebat,

id. ib. 63, 6: tali tempore, at so critical a time, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 1; Liv. 22, 35, 7; 30, 37, 8; Verg. A. 11, 303 al.—Hence, adv.: tālĭter, in such wise, in such sort, so (post-Aug.):

qualiter... taliter,

Mart. 5, 7, 3; Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 124; Pall. 9, 8, 1.

frux, frūgis, and more freq. in plur. frūges, um (also in nom. sing. frugis:

frugi rectus est natura frux, at secundum consuetudinem dicimus, ut haec avis, haec ovis, sic haec frugis,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 76 dub.), f. [from the root FRUG; v. fruor], fruits of the earth (that may be enjoyed), produce of the fields, pulse, legumes (whereas fructus denotes chiefly tree-fruit, and frumentum halm-fruit, grain), sometimes also, in gen., for fruits (grain, tree-fruit, etc.).

Lit.

Plur.:

terra feta frugibus et vario leguminum genere,

Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 156:

fruges terrae,

id. Div. 1, 51, 116; id. de Sen. 2, 5; cf.:

nos fruges serimus, nos arbores,

id. N. D. 2, 60, 152:

ubertas frugum et fructuum,

id. ib. 3, 36, 86:

frugum fructuumque reliquorum perceptio,

id. Off. 2, 3, 12:

oleam frugesve ferre,

id. Rep. 3, 9:

neque foliis, neque oleo neque frumento neque frugibus usurum,

Dig. 7, 8, 12; cf. ib. 50, 16, 77: arbores frondescere... segetes largiri fruges, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69 (Trag. v. 195 Vahl.): ut cum fruges [p. 787] Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Liberum, Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60; cf. Lucr. 2, 656:

inventis frugibus,

Cic. Or. 9, 31:

fruges in ea terra (Sicilia) primum repertas esse arbitrantur,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 106:

cultus agrorum perceptioque frugum,

id. Rep. 2, 14: lentiscus triplici solita grandescere fetu, Ter fruges fundens, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 9, 15: arboreae, Cornif. ap. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 55:

roburneae,

Col. 9, 1, 5:

(Gallorum gens) dulcedine frugum maximeque vini capta,

Liv. 5, 33, 2 al. — Poet.:

salsae fruges = mola salsa,

the sacrificial roasted barley-meal mixed with salt, Verg. A. 2, 133; 12, 173:

medicatae,

magic herbs, id. ib. 6, 420.—

Sing.: si jam data sit frux, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 724 P. (Ann. v. 412 Vahl.; cf. ib. v. 318):

spicea frux, Aus. Monos. de Cibis, 4: (mensae) exstructae dapibus nec tostae frugis egentes,

Ov. M. 11, 121:

ut non omnem frugem neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

fundit frugem spici ordine structam,

id. de Sen. 15, 51:

quercus et ilex multa fruge pecus juvet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 10:

sit bona librorum et provisae frugis in annum Copia,

id. ib. 1, 18, 109.

Trop.

In gen., like fructus, result, success, value (rare but class.):

quae virtutis maturitas et quantae fruges industriae sint futurae,

Cic. Cael. 31, 76:

illae sunt animi fruges,

Auct. Aetn. 273:

generare atque ad frugem aliquam perducere,

to some maturity, Quint. 6, 2, 3; cf.:

illud ingeniorum velut praecox genus non temere umquam pervenit ad frugem,

id. 1, 3, 3:

jam ego et ipsa frugem tuam periclitabor,

maturity of mind, ability, App. M. 6, p. 177, 13:

hominem nihili, neque rei neque frugis bonae,

Gell. 6, 11, 2; cf. B. 1. b infra. — Poet.: centuriae seniorum agitant expertia frugis, rail at what is crude, worthless (= poëmata nimis jocosa), Hor. A. P. 341: cultor enim juvenum purgatas inseris aures Fruge Cleanthea, with Cleanthian fruit, i. e. doctrine, Pers. 5, 64:

herus si tuus volet facere frugem, meum herum perdet,

i. e. to act with advantage, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 70.—

In partic., of moral character.

frugi (a dat. form, fit for food; frugi aptus, serviceable, chrêsimos, chrêstos; hence, transf.), as adj. indecl., useful, fit, proper, worthy, honest, discreet, virtuous, temperate, frugal (class.; for comp. and sup. the words frugalior and frugalissimus were used;

v. frugalis): frugi hominem dici non multum habet laudis in rege,

Cic. Deiot. 9, 26; cf. id. Tusc. 3, 8, 16 sq.:

qui (L. Piso) tanta virtute atque integritate fuit, ut... solus Frugi nominaretur. Quem cum in contionem Gracchus vocari juberet et viator quaereret, quem Pisonem, quod erant plures: Cogis me, inquit, dicere inimicum meum frugi,

id. Font. 13, 29; cf.:

loquitur ut Frugi ille Piso,

id. Fin. 2, 28, 90:

homines plane frugi ac sobrii,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 27, § 67:

ego praeter alios meum virum fui rata Siccum, frugi, continentem (opp. madidum, nihili, incontinentem),

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 7:

hominis frugi et temperantis functus officium,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 19:

parcius hic vivit: frugi dicatur,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 49:

Antonius frugi factus est,

Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:

(Penelope) tam frugi tamque pudica,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 77:

sum bonus et frugi,

id. Ep. 1, 16, 49:

quo sane populus numerabilis, utpote parvus, Et frugi castusque verecundusque coibat,

id. A. P. 207:

servus frugi atque integer,

Cic. Clu. 16, 47:

Davus, amicum mancipium domino et frugi,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 3:

liberti probi et frugi,

Plin. Pan. 88, 2:

quae (lena) frugi esse vult,

useful, serviceable, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 23; Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 59.—

Strengthened by the attributive bonae:

is probus est, quem paenitet, quam probus sit et frugi bonae: Qui ipsus sibi satis placet, nec probus est nec frugi bonae,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 39 and 40; id. As. 3, 3, 12; id. Poen. 4, 2, 23:

(Fabius Luscus) satis acutus et permodestus ac bonae frugi,

Cic. Att. 4, 8, 3.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things: frugi severaque vita, honest, virtuous, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 4:

victus luxuriosus, an frugi, an sordidus, quaeritur,

frugal, temperate, Quint. 5, 10, 27; cf.:

atrium frugi nec tamen sordidum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4:

cena,

id. ib. 3, 1, 4; Juv. 3, 167:

jentacula,

Mart. 13, 31, 1.—

Frux = homo frugi, worthy, honest: dictum factumque facit frux, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 724 P. (Ann. v. 318 Vahl.). —

Ad frugem or ad bonam frugem, in vulg. lang. (to turn or bring one's self) to moral worth, excellence, virtue:

equidem multos vidi et in hac civitate, qui totam adolescentiam voluptatibus dedissent, emersisse aliquando et se ad frugem bonam, ut dicitur, recepisse gravesque homines atque illustres fuisse,

have reformed, Cic. Cael. 12, 28:

multa ad bonam frugem ducentia in eo libro scripta sunt,

Gell. 13, 27, 2:

quin tu adolescentem, quem esse corruptum vides, restituis? quin ad frugem corrigis?

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 81; cf. id. Bacch. 4, 10, 10:

certum'st ad frugem applicare animum,

id. Trin. 2, 1, 34.

frux, frūgis, and more freq. in plur. frūges, um (also in nom. sing. frugis:

frugi rectus est natura frux, at secundum consuetudinem dicimus, ut haec avis, haec ovis, sic haec frugis,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 76 dub.), f. [from the root FRUG; v. fruor], fruits of the earth (that may be enjoyed), produce of the fields, pulse, legumes (whereas fructus denotes chiefly tree-fruit, and frumentum halm-fruit, grain), sometimes also, in gen., for fruits (grain, tree-fruit, etc.).

Lit.

Plur.:

terra feta frugibus et vario leguminum genere,

Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 156:

fruges terrae,

id. Div. 1, 51, 116; id. de Sen. 2, 5; cf.:

nos fruges serimus, nos arbores,

id. N. D. 2, 60, 152:

ubertas frugum et fructuum,

id. ib. 3, 36, 86:

frugum fructuumque reliquorum perceptio,

id. Off. 2, 3, 12:

oleam frugesve ferre,

id. Rep. 3, 9:

neque foliis, neque oleo neque frumento neque frugibus usurum,

Dig. 7, 8, 12; cf. ib. 50, 16, 77: arbores frondescere... segetes largiri fruges, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69 (Trag. v. 195 Vahl.): ut cum fruges [p. 787] Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Liberum, Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60; cf. Lucr. 2, 656:

inventis frugibus,

Cic. Or. 9, 31:

fruges in ea terra (Sicilia) primum repertas esse arbitrantur,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 106:

cultus agrorum perceptioque frugum,

id. Rep. 2, 14: lentiscus triplici solita grandescere fetu, Ter fruges fundens, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 9, 15: arboreae, Cornif. ap. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 55:

roburneae,

Col. 9, 1, 5:

(Gallorum gens) dulcedine frugum maximeque vini capta,

Liv. 5, 33, 2 al. — Poet.:

salsae fruges = mola salsa,

the sacrificial roasted barley-meal mixed with salt, Verg. A. 2, 133; 12, 173:

medicatae,

magic herbs, id. ib. 6, 420.—

Sing.: si jam data sit frux, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 724 P. (Ann. v. 412 Vahl.; cf. ib. v. 318):

spicea frux, Aus. Monos. de Cibis, 4: (mensae) exstructae dapibus nec tostae frugis egentes,

Ov. M. 11, 121:

ut non omnem frugem neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

fundit frugem spici ordine structam,

id. de Sen. 15, 51:

quercus et ilex multa fruge pecus juvet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 10:

sit bona librorum et provisae frugis in annum Copia,

id. ib. 1, 18, 109.

Trop.

In gen., like fructus, result, success, value (rare but class.):

quae virtutis maturitas et quantae fruges industriae sint futurae,

Cic. Cael. 31, 76:

illae sunt animi fruges,

Auct. Aetn. 273:

generare atque ad frugem aliquam perducere,

to some maturity, Quint. 6, 2, 3; cf.:

illud ingeniorum velut praecox genus non temere umquam pervenit ad frugem,

id. 1, 3, 3:

jam ego et ipsa frugem tuam periclitabor,

maturity of mind, ability, App. M. 6, p. 177, 13:

hominem nihili, neque rei neque frugis bonae,

Gell. 6, 11, 2; cf. B. 1. b infra. — Poet.: centuriae seniorum agitant expertia frugis, rail at what is crude, worthless (= poëmata nimis jocosa), Hor. A. P. 341: cultor enim juvenum purgatas inseris aures Fruge Cleanthea, with Cleanthian fruit, i. e. doctrine, Pers. 5, 64:

herus si tuus volet facere frugem, meum herum perdet,

i. e. to act with advantage, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 70.—

In partic., of moral character.

frugi (a dat. form, fit for food; frugi aptus, serviceable, chrêsimos, chrêstos; hence, transf.), as adj. indecl., useful, fit, proper, worthy, honest, discreet, virtuous, temperate, frugal (class.; for comp. and sup. the words frugalior and frugalissimus were used;

v. frugalis): frugi hominem dici non multum habet laudis in rege,

Cic. Deiot. 9, 26; cf. id. Tusc. 3, 8, 16 sq.:

qui (L. Piso) tanta virtute atque integritate fuit, ut... solus Frugi nominaretur. Quem cum in contionem Gracchus vocari juberet et viator quaereret, quem Pisonem, quod erant plures: Cogis me, inquit, dicere inimicum meum frugi,

id. Font. 13, 29; cf.:

loquitur ut Frugi ille Piso,

id. Fin. 2, 28, 90:

homines plane frugi ac sobrii,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 27, § 67:

ego praeter alios meum virum fui rata Siccum, frugi, continentem (opp. madidum, nihili, incontinentem),

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 7:

hominis frugi et temperantis functus officium,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 19:

parcius hic vivit: frugi dicatur,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 49:

Antonius frugi factus est,

Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:

(Penelope) tam frugi tamque pudica,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 77:

sum bonus et frugi,

id. Ep. 1, 16, 49:

quo sane populus numerabilis, utpote parvus, Et frugi castusque verecundusque coibat,

id. A. P. 207:

servus frugi atque integer,

Cic. Clu. 16, 47:

Davus, amicum mancipium domino et frugi,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 3:

liberti probi et frugi,

Plin. Pan. 88, 2:

quae (lena) frugi esse vult,

useful, serviceable, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 23; Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 59.—

Strengthened by the attributive bonae:

is probus est, quem paenitet, quam probus sit et frugi bonae: Qui ipsus sibi satis placet, nec probus est nec frugi bonae,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 39 and 40; id. As. 3, 3, 12; id. Poen. 4, 2, 23:

(Fabius Luscus) satis acutus et permodestus ac bonae frugi,

Cic. Att. 4, 8, 3.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things: frugi severaque vita, honest, virtuous, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 4:

victus luxuriosus, an frugi, an sordidus, quaeritur,

frugal, temperate, Quint. 5, 10, 27; cf.:

atrium frugi nec tamen sordidum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4:

cena,

id. ib. 3, 1, 4; Juv. 3, 167:

jentacula,

Mart. 13, 31, 1.—

Frux = homo frugi, worthy, honest: dictum factumque facit frux, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 724 P. (Ann. v. 318 Vahl.). —

Ad frugem or ad bonam frugem, in vulg. lang. (to turn or bring one's self) to moral worth, excellence, virtue:

equidem multos vidi et in hac civitate, qui totam adolescentiam voluptatibus dedissent, emersisse aliquando et se ad frugem bonam, ut dicitur, recepisse gravesque homines atque illustres fuisse,

have reformed, Cic. Cael. 12, 28:

multa ad bonam frugem ducentia in eo libro scripta sunt,

Gell. 13, 27, 2:

quin tu adolescentem, quem esse corruptum vides, restituis? quin ad frugem corrigis?

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 81; cf. id. Bacch. 4, 10, 10:

certum'st ad frugem applicare animum,

id. Trin. 2, 1, 34.

nascor, nātus, nasci (ante-class., and in poets of the class. period also gnatus, v. under P. a. B.; part. fut. nasciturus, Pall. Jun. 7, § 8; Vulg. Judic. 13, 8), 3, v. dep. [from gnascor, gnatus, root gen, whence gigno; cf. Gr. gennaô], to be born, to be begotten (of or by male or female).

Lit.; constr. with ex or de and abl., or with abl. alone; rarely with ab and abl.

With ex and abl. (esp. with name or other appellation of the mother):

cum ex utrāque (uxore) filius natus esset,

Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 183:

cujus ex filiā natus est Sestius,

id. Fam. 13, 8, 1:

Servius Tullius ex serva Tarquiniensi natus,

id. Rep. 2, 21, 37:

ex hac feminā debuit nasci, qui, etc.,

Sen. ad Helv. 16, 6:

natam sibi ex Poppaeā filiam,

Tac. A. 15, 23 init.:

ex Thetide natus,

Quint. 3, 7, 11:

ex Urbiniā natus,

id. 7, 2, 5:

Alexandri filius natus ex Barsine,

Just. 13, 2, 7; cf.:

negantis (Domitii) quidquam ex se et Agrippinā nisi detestabile nasci potuisse,

Suet. Ner. 6:

quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera,

Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf.:

convinces facile ex te esse natum, nam tui similis est probe,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 7:

ex militibus Romanis et Hispanis mulieribus natos se memorantes,

Liv. 43, 3, 2;

very rarely with a designation of the father, and only with pronouns: ex hoc Domitius nascitur,

Suet. Ner. 4 init.:

Neoptolemus ex quo nata est Olympias,

Just. 17, 3, 14:

ex quo nasci nepotes deceat,

Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 2:

illum ex me natum,

Val. Max. 5, 10 ext. 3; cf.:

quod tibi filiolus vel filia nascitur ex me,

Juv. 9, 83.—

With de and abl.:

de tigride natus,

Ov. M. 9, 612; cf.:

de stirpe dei nasci,

id. ib. 11, 312:

de pellice natus,

id. ib. 4, 422:

natus de muliere,

Vulg. Job, 14, 1; 15, 14. —

With abl. (so usually with proper names;

and with general designations of parents, family, etc.): quos omnes Erebo et Nocte natos ferunt,

Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44:

Hercules Jove natus,

id. ib. 3, 16, 42:

Nilo natus,

id. ib. 3, 16, 42:

nascetur Oedipus Lao,

id. Fat. 13, 30:

patre Marte,

id. Rep. 2, 2, 4:

Paulo,

id. Off. 1, 33, 121:

privignus Poppaeā natus,

Suet. Ner. 55:

Ascanius Creusā matre natus,

Liv. 1, 3, 2: Junia, Vell. 2, 127, 4:

amplissimā familiā nati adulescentes,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37, 1:

honestis parentibus,

Quint. 1, 11, 85; Sen. Contr. 7, 21, 1:

Mela quibus Gallio et Seneca parentibus natus,

Tac. A. 16, 17:

deus deo natus,

Liv. 1, 16, 3:

imperioso patre,

id. 7, 4, 5; 9, 1, 12: Assaraco natus Capus, Enn. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 3, 35 (Ann. v. 31 Vahl.):

patre certo nasci,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 46:

Apolline natus,

Ov. M. 15, 639: natus deā, son of a goddess, i. e. Achilles, id. M. 12, 86; so,

natus deā,

of Æneas, Verg. A. 1, 582:

matre Musā natus,

Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45:

nascetur pulcrā Trojanus origine Caesar,

Verg. A. 1, 286.—

With ab and abl.:

generari et nasci a principibus,

Tac. H. 1, 16:

et qui nascentur ab illo,

Verg. G. 1, 434.—

In other constrr.:

post homines natos,

since men have lived, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 1:

post genus hominum natum,

id. Balb. 10, 26:

in miseriam nascimur,

id. Tusc. 1, 5, 9:

aves omnes in pedes nascuntur,

with the feet foremost, Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149:

ad homines nascendos vim hujus numeri (septenarii) pertinere,

to the formation of man in the womb, Gell. 3, 10, 7:

homo nascitur ad laborem,

i. e. it is his nature to suffer it, Vulg. Job, 5, 7.—

Transf., to rise, take beginning, derive origin, spring forth, grow, be found: O fortunatam natam me consule Romam, Cic. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 24; and ap. Juv. 10, 122:

humi nascentia fraga,

Verg. E. 3, 92:

cum nata fuerint folia,

Vulg. Marc. 13, 28:

nascitur ibi plumbum album in mediterraneis regionibus,

is found, produced, Caes. B. G. 5, 12:

onyx nascitur circa Thebas Aegyptias,

Plin. 36, 8, 12, § 61:

ex palude nascitur amnis,

rises, id. 36, 26, 65, § 190:

nascere, praeque diem veniens age, Lucifer, almum,

rise, Verg. E. 8, 17:

unde nigerrimus Auster Nascitur,

id. G. 3, 278:

nascens luna,

Hor. C. 3, 23, 2; id. S. 2, 4, 30:

nascentia templa,

newly built, Mart. 6, 4, 3:

Circaeis nata forent an Lucrinum ad saxum... ostrea,

Juv. 4, 140.— To rise, be formed (of a hill):

ab eo flumine collis nascebatur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.:

nascitur altera moles,

Sil. 3, 530. —

Trop.

To arise, spring forth, proceed from, be produced:

scribes ad me, ut mihi nascatur epistulae argumentum,

Cic. Fam. 16, 22, 2:

nulla tam detestabilis pestis est, quae non homini ab homine nascatur,

id. Off. 2, 5, 16:

fateor ea me studiose secutum ex quibus vera gloria nasci posset,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 13:

facinus natum a cupiditate,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 82; id. Font. 16, 37:

visus ei dicitur draco... dicere quo illa loci nasceretur,

id. Div. 2, 66, 135:

strumae nascuntur maxime in cervice,

Cels. 5, 28, 7; 7, 12, 1 fin.; 7, 6, 4 fin.:

onychem in Arabiae tantum montibus nasci putavere,

Plin. 36, 7, 12, § 59:

frumenta nata sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 63, § 147:

ex quo uno haec omnia nata et profecta esse concedit,

id. Quint. 28, 85; id. Agr 2, 33, 90:

profectio nata a timore defectionis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 43:

querelae verae nascuntur pectore ab imo,

Cat. 64, 198:

omnis obligatio vel ex contractu nascitur vel ex delicto,

Gai. Inst. 3, 88 sq. —With ut:

ex hoc nascitur ut,

hence it follows that, Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 63; Sen. Ep. 74, 11.—

Esp., of the spiritual renewal of a religious experience, to be regenerated, born again (eccl. Lat.):

quod natum est ex spiritu, spiritus est,

Vulg. Johan. 3, 6:

nasci denuo,

id. ib. 3, 7:

natus ex Deo,

id. 1 Johan. 3, 9, etc.—Hence, P. a.

nascens, entis, arising, beginning, nascent, infant, immature:

ante Periclem et Thucydidem, qui non nascentibus Athenis, sed jam adultis fuerunt, littera nulla est, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 7, 27:

eloquentiam pueris induunt adhuc nascentibus,

Petr. 4:

(vitulus) vexat nascenti robora cornu,

Juv. 12, 9.—

Subst.: nascentia, ĭum, n., organic bodies, esp. plants, Vitr. 5, 1, 3; 5, 8, 1.—

nātus, a, um, P. a., born; hence,

Subst.: nātus ( gnātus), i, m., a son; and nāta ( gnāta), ae, f. (dat. and abl. pl. natabus, where ambiguity is to be avoided, Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P.; Inscr. Orell. 7421; Phocas, p. 1707 P.; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 29), a daughter; in plur.: nati (gnati), children, offspring:

caritas, quae est inter natos et parentes,

Cic. Lael. 8, 27:

bellum prope inter parentes natosque,

Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 5, 40, 3:

cum pecore et gnatis,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 115:

et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,

Verg. A. 7, 518: mihi ausculta, nate, pueros jube cremarier, Enn. [p. 1188] ap. Non. 246, 11 (Trag. v. 329 Vahl.); Hor. S. 1, 3, 43:

natam conlocare alicui,

Plaut. Aul. Arg. 1, 15: o gnata, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 46 Vahl.):

si quis gnatam pro mutā devovet agnā,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 219; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 199: Hectoris natum de muro jactarier, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll. (Trag. v. 130 Vahl.); so, Nerei natae, id. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P. (Trag. v. 135 Vahl.):

maxima natarum Priami,

Verg. A. 1, 654; Ov. M. 13, 661.—Esp. in the phrase natus nemo, not a human being, nobody (Plautine for nemo mortalis):

tamquam si natus nemo in aedibus habitet,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 55 Lorenz ad loc.; id. ib. 2, 2, 20:

nato nemini,

id. Cas. 2, 4, 15; id. Ps. 1, 3, 63.—

Adj.

Natus alicui rei or ad aliquam rem, born, made, destined, designed, intended, produced by nature for any thing.

With dat. (class.):

me credo huic esse natum rei, ferundis miseriis,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6:

non sibi se soli natum meminerit, sed patriae, sed suis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45:

natus huic imperio,

id. Cael. 24, 59:

gurges atque helluo natus abdomini suo, non laudi atque gloriae,

id. Pis. 17, 41:

Judaei et Syri, nationes natae servituti,

id. Prov. Cons. 5, 10. —

With ad (class.):

vir ad omnia summa natus,

Cic. Brut. 68, 239:

natus ad haec tempora,

id. Phil. 12, 4, 9:

ad dicendum natus aptusque,

id. de Or. 1, 22, 99:

ad haudem et ad decus nati, suscepti, instituti sumus,

id. Fin. 5, 22, 63:

ad hoc unum natus,

id. Or. 28, 99:

ut ad cursum equus, ad arandum bos, ad indagandum canis, sic homo ad intellegendum et agendum natus est,

id. Fin. 2, 13, 40:

natus ad sacra Cithaeron,

Ov. M. 2, 223:

canor mulcendas natus ad aures,

id. ib. 5, 561.—

With inf. ( poet.):

quid meruere boves, animal... natum tolerare labores,

Ov. M. 15, 120: sentes tantummodo laedere natae, id. de Nuce, 113.—

With in and acc. ( poet.):

nati in usum laetitiae scyphi,

Hor. C. 1, 27, 1; Ov. M. 14, 99; 15, 117.—

With propter (rare):

apros, animal propter convivia natum,

Juv. 1, 141.—

Formed or constituted by nature in any manner:

alius ager bene natus, alius male,

Varr. R. R. 1, 6, 1:

sarmenta male nata,

Col. 4, 24, 7:

ita natus locus est,

Liv. 9, 2:

inculti versūs et male nati,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 233.—

Pro re natā, or (ante- and post-class.) e re natā, under the present circumstances, according to the state of affairs, as matters are:

ut in his pro re natā non incommode possint esse,

Cic. Att. 7, 14, 3:

Antonii colloquium cum heroibus nostris pro re natā non incommodum,

id. ib. 14, 6, 1;

7, 8, 2: e re natā melius fieri haud potuit, quam factum est,

Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8; App. M. 4, p. 143, 38.—

With a specification of time, so old, of the age of, etc.:

eques Romanus annos prope XC. natus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62:

annos natus unum et viginti,

id. de Or. 3, 20, 74:

cum annos ad quinquaginta natus esset,

id. Clu. 40, 110:

cum quinque et viginti natus annos dominatum occupavisset,

id. Tusc. 5, 20, 57:

Cato annos quinque et octoginta natus excessit e vitā,

id. Brut. 20, 80; in inscr. ANNORVM NATVS, etc., Inscr. Mon. Scip. n. 7;

Inscr. Marini Atti, p. 564.— Sometimes, in order to specify the age more exactly, major or minor, without or with quam, is added: annos nata est sedecim non major,

Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 23:

minor quinque et viginti annis natus,

Nep. Han. 3, 2:

minor triginta annis natus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122:

homo annos natus major quadraginta,

over forty years old, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 49:

Dionysius major annos sexaginta natus decessit,

Nep. Reg. 2, 3:

cum liberis majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,

Liv. 45, 32, 3:

minorem quam annos sex, majorem quam annos decem natam, negarunt capi fas esse,

Gell. 1, 12, 1.—For major, minor, sometimes with plus, minus (ante-class.):

plus triginta annis natus sim,

Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 1:

annos sexaginta natus es aut plus,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11; cf.:

non amplius novem annos natus,

Nep. Han. 2, 3.— Act. collat. form: nasco, ĕre, to be born, etc.:

ubi germen nascere coeperit,

Cato, R. R. 151 fin.

prūdens, entis, adj. [contr. from providens].

Foreseeing, foreknowing (very rare); constr. with an objective clause, or absol.:

ille contra urinam spargit, prudens, hanc quoque leoni exitialem,

Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136:

quos prudentis possumus dicere, id est providentis,

Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111: de futuro satis callidus satisque prudens, Ps.-Sall. ap. Cic. init. —

Transf.

Knowing, skilled, experienced, versed, practised in a thing (class.; syn.: peritus, consultus); constr. with gen. or in; poet. and post-Aug. also with inf.

With gen.:

ceterarum rerum pater familias et prudens et attentus,

Cic. Quint. 3, 11:

belli prudentes, Sall. Ep. Mith. (H. 4, 61, 16 Dietsch): rei militaris,

Nep. Con. 1, 2:

locorum,

Liv. 34, 28 fin.:

animus rerum prudens,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 35:

artis,

Ov. H. 5, 150:

animorum provinciae prudens,

Tac. Agr. 19:

doli prudens,

id. H. 2, 25:

agricolationis,

Col. 2, 2, 15.— Comp.:

prudentiores rerum rusticarum,

Col. 4, 2, 1; so,

earum rerum,

Gell. 14, 2, 4.— Sup.:

adulandi gens prudentissima,

Juv. 3, 86.—

With in:

prudens in jure civili,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6.—

With inf. or acc. and inf.:

nec pauperum prudens anus Novemdialis dissipare pulveres,

Hor. Epod. 17, 47:

prudens otii vitia negotio discuti,

Curt. 7, 1, 4:-ob ea se peti prudens, Plin. 8, 31, 49, § 111:

sciens prudensque se praegnantem non esse,

Dig. 25, 6, 1, § 2.—

In partic.

Juris prudens, also prudens alone (like juris peritus), skilled or learned in the law; as subst.: jūrisprūdens, ntis, m., one learned in the law, a lawyer, jurist, jurisconsult (only post-class.), Dig. 38, 15, 2 fin.; 1, 2, 2; 1, 1, 7; 40, 7, 30; Just. Inst. 1, 2.—

Like sciens, knowing, wise, discreet, prudent; usually connected with sciens: prudens animam de corpore mitto, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 8 (Ann. v. 216 Vahl.):

quos prudens praetereo,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 88; 2, 5, 58 (cf.:

imprudens praeteriisse videris,

Cic. Brut. 77, 269):

ibis sub furcam prudens,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 66:

nequidquam deus abscidit Prudens Oceano terras,

id. C. 1, 3, 22; 3, 29, 29; Ov. M. 3, 364:

an prudens imprudensve rupisset,

Gell. 20, 1, 34.—With sciens: amore ardeo:

et prudens, sciens, Vivus vidensque pereo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 27:

ut in fabulis Amphiaraus sic ego prudens et sciens ad pestem ante oculos positam sum profectus,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9, A, 5; Suet. Ner. 2 fin. —

In gen., sagacious, sensible, intelligent, clever, judicious, etc. (very freq.):

vir naturā peracutus et prudens,

Cic. Or. 5, 18:

quis P. Octavio ingenio prudentior, jure peritior,

id. Clu. 38, 107:

prudentem et, ut ita dicam, catum,

id. Leg. 1, 16, 45:

in existimando admodum prudens,

id. Brut. 68, 239; cf.:

prudentissimi in disserendo,

id. ib. 31, 118:

virum ad consilia prudentem,

id. Font. 15, 43:

quo nemo prudentior,

id. Lael. 1, 5:

homines amicissimi ac prudentissimi,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 10:

vir bonus et prudens,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32; cf. id. A. P. 445:

si divitiae prudentem reddere possent,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 155:

prudentior ille consilio, hic animo magnificentior,

Just. 9, 8, 13.—With adverb. acc.:

prudens alia,

Amm. 15, 13, 2.—Of abstract things:

prudens, temperata, fortis, justa ratio,

Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58:

prudens animi sententia,

Ov. H. 21, 137: consilium, quod si non fuerit prudens, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1; Ov. M. 13, 433:

prudentissimum consilium,

Nep. Eum. 3, 4; Hirt. B. Alex. 24. —

Cautious, circumspect (very rare):

malebant me nimium timidum quam satis prudentem existimari,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2.— Hence, adv.: prūdenter, sagaciously, intelligently, discreetly, wisely, skilfully, learnedly, prudently, etc.: loqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 255 Vahl.):

facere,

Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 15; cf. id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

rationem excogitare,

id. ib. 2, 12, 23:

multa ab eo prudenter disputata,

id. Lael. 1, 1:

multa provisa prudenter,

id. ib. 2, 6.— Comp., Aug. in Suet. Tib. 21; Quint. 9, 2, 44.— Sup.:

defendere,

Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

scribere,

id. Att. 13, 1, 1; Val. Max. 3, 3, 4 ext. 4.

Lătĭum, ii, n. [2. lătus; Sanscr. root prath-, to spread or widen; cf. Lat. later, etc.; prop., the plains or flat-land;

by the ancients referred to latēre, because here Saturnus lay concealed from his son,

Ov. F. 1, 238; Verg. A. 8, 322; Arn. 4, 143; Lact. 1, 13;

or to Latinus,

the name of the mythical king, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll.], a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated, now Campagna di Roma, and a part of the Terra di Lavoro, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 54; Enn. ap. Acro. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 455); Cic. Rep. 2, 24, 44; Liv. 6, 21; 8, 13; Hor. C. 1, 12, 53; 1, 35, 10; id. C. S. 66; Mel. 3, 4, 2; consisting of two parts:

Latium vetus,

Tac. A. 4, 5;

or antiquum,

Verg. A. 7, 38; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 56; which was the original territory governed by Rome before the subjugation of the Æqui and Volsci, and:

Latium novum, or adjectum,

originally the territory of the Æqui, Volsci, Hernici, and Aurunci, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 59.—

Jus Latii, the political rights and privileges which belonged originally to the Latins, but were afterwards granted by the Romans to other people; this jus comprehended less than civitas Romana, but more than peregrinitas (cf. latinitas and Latini):

eodem anno Caesar nationes Alpium maritimarum in jus Latii transtulit,

Tac. A. 15, 32. —Also called Latium alone: aut majus est Latium aut minus; majus est Latium, cum et hi, qui decuriones leguntur, et ei qui honorem aliquem aut magistratum gerunt, civitatem Romanam consecuntur;

minus Latium est, cum hi tantum, qui vel magistratum vel honorem gerunt, ad civitatem Romanam perveniunt,

Gai. Inst. 1, 96; cf.:

Latium externis dilargiri,

Tac. H. 3, 55:

Latio dato,

Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20:

Latio donata oppida,

id. 3, 1, 3, § 7.—

Hence,

Lătĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latian, Latin ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

agri,

the Latin territory, Ov. F. 2, 553; 3, 606; 5, 91:

gens,

id. ib. 4, 42; id. M. 14, 832:

lingua,

id. P. 2, 3, 75: palmes, vines growing in Latium, id. F. 4, 894:

boves,

Col. 6, 1, 2. — Poet., for Roman:

turba,

the Roman people, Ov. F. 1, 639:

parentes,

id. ib. 3, 243; cf.

matres,

id. ib. 4, 133:

annus,

the Roman year, id. ib. 1, 1:

vulnera,

of Roman soldiers, id. A. A. 1, 414.—

Lătīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Adj.: populi, the Latins, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 Müll. (Ann. v. 24 Vahl.); cf.

genus,

the Latins, Romans, Verg. A. 1, 6:

lingua,

the Latin language, Varr. L. L. 5, § 1 Müll.; cf.

opp. Graeca,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

poëtae, opp. Graeci,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 10: via, beginning at the Porta Latina, near the Porta Capena, id. Clu. 59, 163; Liv. 2, 39; 10, 36 al.:

dies,

the days of the Roman calendar, the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 177: feriae, the festival of the allied Latins, which was celebrated especially by offerings to Juppiter Latiaris on Mons Albanus, Varr. L. L. 6, § 25 Müll.; Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15; Liv. 21, 63; 22, 1; more freq. absol.; v. in the foll. 2.: coloniae, which possessed the jus Latii, Cic. Caecin. 33 fin.; Suet. Caes. 8: nomen, Latin citizenship, also called jus Latii and Latinitas, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41; Sall. J. 39, 2 (v. socius): casus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.:

tragici veteres,

Quint. 1, 8, 8:

esse illud Latinum (verbum),

Suet. Gram. 22.— Comp.: nihil Latinius legi, M. Aur. ap. Front. Ep. 2, 6 Mai.; cf.:

nihil Latinius tuis voluminibus,

Hier. Ep. 58, 9.— Sup.:

homo Latinissimus,

Hier. Ep. 50, 2.— Adv.: Lătīnē, in Latin:

Graece haec vocatur emporos: eadem Latine mercator,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 5; id. Cas. prol. 34:

Cumanis petentibus, ut publice Latine loquerentur, et praeconibus Latine vendendi jus esset,

in the Latin tongue, Liv. 40, 42 fin.:

scire,

to understand Latin, Cic. Caecin. 19, 55:

num Latine scit?

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13:

non enim tam praeclarum est scire Latine, quam turpe nescire,

id. Brut. 37, 140:

nescire,

Juv. 6, 188: reddere, to translate into Latin, Cic. de Or, 1, 34, 153; cf.

docere,

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 9.—In partic.: Latine loqui, to speak with propriety or elegance:

Latine et diligenter loqui,

Cic. Brut. 45, 166; cf.:

ut pure et emendate loquentes, quod est Latine,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 2, 4:

pure et Latine loqui,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 144.—Sometimes, also, like our to talk plain English, for, to speak out, to speak plainly or openly (syn. Romano more loqui):

(gladiator), ut appellant ii, qui plane et Latine loquuntur,

Cic. Phil. 7, 6, 17:

Latine me scitote, non accusatorie loqui,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2:

poscere,

Juv. 11, 148:

formare,

to compose in Latin, Suet. Aug. 89: componere, id. Gram. init.—Comp.: Latinius, in better Latin (late Lat.), Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 3, 6; Hier. in Isa. 8, 10.—

Subst.

Lătīni, ōrum, m.

The inhabitants of Latium, Latins, Liv. 1, 2 sq.; 1, 32 sq.; 2, 19 sq.; Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; 3, 31, 112; Verg. A. 7, 367; Juv. 6, 44. —

Those who possessed the Latin rights of citizenship (jus Latii, Latinitas);

freq. in the connection, socii et Latini,

Cic. Balb. 8, 21; id. Sest. 13, 30; id. Lael. 3, 12 (v. socius).—

Latini Juniani, freedmen whose liberty was secured by the operation of the lex Junia Norbana (772 A. U. C.), Gai. Inst. 3, § 56.—

Lătīnae, ārum, f. (sc. feriae), the festival of the allied Latins, the Latin holidays, Liv. 5, 17; 19; Cic. Att. 1, 3; id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2 fin.; id. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Lătīnum, i, n., Latin, the Latin language:

licet in Latinum illa convertere,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 29:

in Latinum vertore,

Quint. 1, 5, 2.—

Lătīnĭensis, e, adj., Latin:

populi,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 69: ager, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 10, 20.— In plur absol.: Lătīnĭenses, ĭum, m., the Latins, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 28, 62.—

Lătĭālis, and euphon. collat. form Lătĭāris, e (also Lătĭar, v. infra), adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Form Latialis:

populus,

the Latins, Romans, Ov. M. 15, 481:

sermo,

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 7:

Juppiter,

Luc. 1, 198;

hence, also, caput,

a statue of Jupiter, id. 1, 535.— Lătĭālĭter, adv., in the Latin manner (post - class.):

peplo circa umeros involuto Latialiter tegebatur,

Mart. Cap. 5 init.:

nihil effari,

id. 6, § 587:

te Latialiter sonantem,

Sid. Carm. 23, 235 (al. Latiariter).—

Form Latiaris: Latiaris sancte Juppiter (Juppiter Latiaris was the guardian deity of the Latin confederacy, to whom the feriae Latinae were consecrated), Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

Juppiter,

Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 43 Sillig. N. cr.:

collis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.:

doctrina Latiaris,

Macr. S. 1, 2.— Adv.: Lătĭārĭter, v. in the preced. 1.—

Hence, subst.: Lătĭar, āris, n., the festival of Jupiter Latiaris:

confectum erat Latiar,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16, 16.

Lătĭum, ii, n. [2. lătus; Sanscr. root prath-, to spread or widen; cf. Lat. later, etc.; prop., the plains or flat-land;

by the ancients referred to latēre, because here Saturnus lay concealed from his son,

Ov. F. 1, 238; Verg. A. 8, 322; Arn. 4, 143; Lact. 1, 13;

or to Latinus,

the name of the mythical king, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll.], a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated, now Campagna di Roma, and a part of the Terra di Lavoro, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 54; Enn. ap. Acro. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 455); Cic. Rep. 2, 24, 44; Liv. 6, 21; 8, 13; Hor. C. 1, 12, 53; 1, 35, 10; id. C. S. 66; Mel. 3, 4, 2; consisting of two parts:

Latium vetus,

Tac. A. 4, 5;

or antiquum,

Verg. A. 7, 38; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 56; which was the original territory governed by Rome before the subjugation of the Æqui and Volsci, and:

Latium novum, or adjectum,

originally the territory of the Æqui, Volsci, Hernici, and Aurunci, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 59.—

Jus Latii, the political rights and privileges which belonged originally to the Latins, but were afterwards granted by the Romans to other people; this jus comprehended less than civitas Romana, but more than peregrinitas (cf. latinitas and Latini):

eodem anno Caesar nationes Alpium maritimarum in jus Latii transtulit,

Tac. A. 15, 32. —Also called Latium alone: aut majus est Latium aut minus; majus est Latium, cum et hi, qui decuriones leguntur, et ei qui honorem aliquem aut magistratum gerunt, civitatem Romanam consecuntur;

minus Latium est, cum hi tantum, qui vel magistratum vel honorem gerunt, ad civitatem Romanam perveniunt,

Gai. Inst. 1, 96; cf.:

Latium externis dilargiri,

Tac. H. 3, 55:

Latio dato,

Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20:

Latio donata oppida,

id. 3, 1, 3, § 7.—

Hence,

Lătĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latian, Latin ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

agri,

the Latin territory, Ov. F. 2, 553; 3, 606; 5, 91:

gens,

id. ib. 4, 42; id. M. 14, 832:

lingua,

id. P. 2, 3, 75: palmes, vines growing in Latium, id. F. 4, 894:

boves,

Col. 6, 1, 2. — Poet., for Roman:

turba,

the Roman people, Ov. F. 1, 639:

parentes,

id. ib. 3, 243; cf.

matres,

id. ib. 4, 133:

annus,

the Roman year, id. ib. 1, 1:

vulnera,

of Roman soldiers, id. A. A. 1, 414.—

Lătīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Adj.: populi, the Latins, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 Müll. (Ann. v. 24 Vahl.); cf.

genus,

the Latins, Romans, Verg. A. 1, 6:

lingua,

the Latin language, Varr. L. L. 5, § 1 Müll.; cf.

opp. Graeca,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

poëtae, opp. Graeci,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 10: via, beginning at the Porta Latina, near the Porta Capena, id. Clu. 59, 163; Liv. 2, 39; 10, 36 al.:

dies,

the days of the Roman calendar, the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 177: feriae, the festival of the allied Latins, which was celebrated especially by offerings to Juppiter Latiaris on Mons Albanus, Varr. L. L. 6, § 25 Müll.; Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15; Liv. 21, 63; 22, 1; more freq. absol.; v. in the foll. 2.: coloniae, which possessed the jus Latii, Cic. Caecin. 33 fin.; Suet. Caes. 8: nomen, Latin citizenship, also called jus Latii and Latinitas, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41; Sall. J. 39, 2 (v. socius): casus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.:

tragici veteres,

Quint. 1, 8, 8:

esse illud Latinum (verbum),

Suet. Gram. 22.— Comp.: nihil Latinius legi, M. Aur. ap. Front. Ep. 2, 6 Mai.; cf.:

nihil Latinius tuis voluminibus,

Hier. Ep. 58, 9.— Sup.:

homo Latinissimus,

Hier. Ep. 50, 2.— Adv.: Lătīnē, in Latin:

Graece haec vocatur emporos: eadem Latine mercator,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 5; id. Cas. prol. 34:

Cumanis petentibus, ut publice Latine loquerentur, et praeconibus Latine vendendi jus esset,

in the Latin tongue, Liv. 40, 42 fin.:

scire,

to understand Latin, Cic. Caecin. 19, 55:

num Latine scit?

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13:

non enim tam praeclarum est scire Latine, quam turpe nescire,

id. Brut. 37, 140:

nescire,

Juv. 6, 188: reddere, to translate into Latin, Cic. de Or, 1, 34, 153; cf.

docere,

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 9.—In partic.: Latine loqui, to speak with propriety or elegance:

Latine et diligenter loqui,

Cic. Brut. 45, 166; cf.:

ut pure et emendate loquentes, quod est Latine,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 2, 4:

pure et Latine loqui,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 144.—Sometimes, also, like our to talk plain English, for, to speak out, to speak plainly or openly (syn. Romano more loqui):

(gladiator), ut appellant ii, qui plane et Latine loquuntur,

Cic. Phil. 7, 6, 17:

Latine me scitote, non accusatorie loqui,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2:

poscere,

Juv. 11, 148:

formare,

to compose in Latin, Suet. Aug. 89: componere, id. Gram. init.—Comp.: Latinius, in better Latin (late Lat.), Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 3, 6; Hier. in Isa. 8, 10.—

Subst.

Lătīni, ōrum, m.

The inhabitants of Latium, Latins, Liv. 1, 2 sq.; 1, 32 sq.; 2, 19 sq.; Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; 3, 31, 112; Verg. A. 7, 367; Juv. 6, 44. —

Those who possessed the Latin rights of citizenship (jus Latii, Latinitas);

freq. in the connection, socii et Latini,

Cic. Balb. 8, 21; id. Sest. 13, 30; id. Lael. 3, 12 (v. socius).—

Latini Juniani, freedmen whose liberty was secured by the operation of the lex Junia Norbana (772 A. U. C.), Gai. Inst. 3, § 56.—

Lătīnae, ārum, f. (sc. feriae), the festival of the allied Latins, the Latin holidays, Liv. 5, 17; 19; Cic. Att. 1, 3; id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2 fin.; id. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Lătīnum, i, n., Latin, the Latin language:

licet in Latinum illa convertere,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 29:

in Latinum vertore,

Quint. 1, 5, 2.—

Lătīnĭensis, e, adj., Latin:

populi,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 69: ager, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 10, 20.— In plur absol.: Lătīnĭenses, ĭum, m., the Latins, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 28, 62.—

Lătĭālis, and euphon. collat. form Lătĭāris, e (also Lătĭar, v. infra), adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Form Latialis:

populus,

the Latins, Romans, Ov. M. 15, 481:

sermo,

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 7:

Juppiter,

Luc. 1, 198;

hence, also, caput,

a statue of Jupiter, id. 1, 535.— Lătĭālĭter, adv., in the Latin manner (post - class.):

peplo circa umeros involuto Latialiter tegebatur,

Mart. Cap. 5 init.:

nihil effari,

id. 6, § 587:

te Latialiter sonantem,

Sid. Carm. 23, 235 (al. Latiariter).—

Form Latiaris: Latiaris sancte Juppiter (Juppiter Latiaris was the guardian deity of the Latin confederacy, to whom the feriae Latinae were consecrated), Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

Juppiter,

Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 43 Sillig. N. cr.:

collis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.:

doctrina Latiaris,

Macr. S. 1, 2.— Adv.: Lătĭārĭter, v. in the preced. 1.—

Hence, subst.: Lătĭar, āris, n., the festival of Jupiter Latiaris:

confectum erat Latiar,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16, 16.

Lătĭum, ii, n. [2. lătus; Sanscr. root prath-, to spread or widen; cf. Lat. later, etc.; prop., the plains or flat-land;

by the ancients referred to latēre, because here Saturnus lay concealed from his son,

Ov. F. 1, 238; Verg. A. 8, 322; Arn. 4, 143; Lact. 1, 13;

or to Latinus,

the name of the mythical king, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll.], a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated, now Campagna di Roma, and a part of the Terra di Lavoro, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 54; Enn. ap. Acro. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 455); Cic. Rep. 2, 24, 44; Liv. 6, 21; 8, 13; Hor. C. 1, 12, 53; 1, 35, 10; id. C. S. 66; Mel. 3, 4, 2; consisting of two parts:

Latium vetus,

Tac. A. 4, 5;

or antiquum,

Verg. A. 7, 38; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 56; which was the original territory governed by Rome before the subjugation of the Æqui and Volsci, and:

Latium novum, or adjectum,

originally the territory of the Æqui, Volsci, Hernici, and Aurunci, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 59.—

Jus Latii, the political rights and privileges which belonged originally to the Latins, but were afterwards granted by the Romans to other people; this jus comprehended less than civitas Romana, but more than peregrinitas (cf. latinitas and Latini):

eodem anno Caesar nationes Alpium maritimarum in jus Latii transtulit,

Tac. A. 15, 32. —Also called Latium alone: aut majus est Latium aut minus; majus est Latium, cum et hi, qui decuriones leguntur, et ei qui honorem aliquem aut magistratum gerunt, civitatem Romanam consecuntur;

minus Latium est, cum hi tantum, qui vel magistratum vel honorem gerunt, ad civitatem Romanam perveniunt,

Gai. Inst. 1, 96; cf.:

Latium externis dilargiri,

Tac. H. 3, 55:

Latio dato,

Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20:

Latio donata oppida,

id. 3, 1, 3, § 7.—

Hence,

Lătĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latian, Latin ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

agri,

the Latin territory, Ov. F. 2, 553; 3, 606; 5, 91:

gens,

id. ib. 4, 42; id. M. 14, 832:

lingua,

id. P. 2, 3, 75: palmes, vines growing in Latium, id. F. 4, 894:

boves,

Col. 6, 1, 2. — Poet., for Roman:

turba,

the Roman people, Ov. F. 1, 639:

parentes,

id. ib. 3, 243; cf.

matres,

id. ib. 4, 133:

annus,

the Roman year, id. ib. 1, 1:

vulnera,

of Roman soldiers, id. A. A. 1, 414.—

Lătīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Adj.: populi, the Latins, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 Müll. (Ann. v. 24 Vahl.); cf.

genus,

the Latins, Romans, Verg. A. 1, 6:

lingua,

the Latin language, Varr. L. L. 5, § 1 Müll.; cf.

opp. Graeca,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

poëtae, opp. Graeci,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 10: via, beginning at the Porta Latina, near the Porta Capena, id. Clu. 59, 163; Liv. 2, 39; 10, 36 al.:

dies,

the days of the Roman calendar, the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 177: feriae, the festival of the allied Latins, which was celebrated especially by offerings to Juppiter Latiaris on Mons Albanus, Varr. L. L. 6, § 25 Müll.; Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15; Liv. 21, 63; 22, 1; more freq. absol.; v. in the foll. 2.: coloniae, which possessed the jus Latii, Cic. Caecin. 33 fin.; Suet. Caes. 8: nomen, Latin citizenship, also called jus Latii and Latinitas, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41; Sall. J. 39, 2 (v. socius): casus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.:

tragici veteres,

Quint. 1, 8, 8:

esse illud Latinum (verbum),

Suet. Gram. 22.— Comp.: nihil Latinius legi, M. Aur. ap. Front. Ep. 2, 6 Mai.; cf.:

nihil Latinius tuis voluminibus,

Hier. Ep. 58, 9.— Sup.:

homo Latinissimus,

Hier. Ep. 50, 2.— Adv.: Lătīnē, in Latin:

Graece haec vocatur emporos: eadem Latine mercator,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 5; id. Cas. prol. 34:

Cumanis petentibus, ut publice Latine loquerentur, et praeconibus Latine vendendi jus esset,

in the Latin tongue, Liv. 40, 42 fin.:

scire,

to understand Latin, Cic. Caecin. 19, 55:

num Latine scit?

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13:

non enim tam praeclarum est scire Latine, quam turpe nescire,

id. Brut. 37, 140:

nescire,

Juv. 6, 188: reddere, to translate into Latin, Cic. de Or, 1, 34, 153; cf.

docere,

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 9.—In partic.: Latine loqui, to speak with propriety or elegance:

Latine et diligenter loqui,

Cic. Brut. 45, 166; cf.:

ut pure et emendate loquentes, quod est Latine,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 2, 4:

pure et Latine loqui,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 144.—Sometimes, also, like our to talk plain English, for, to speak out, to speak plainly or openly (syn. Romano more loqui):

(gladiator), ut appellant ii, qui plane et Latine loquuntur,

Cic. Phil. 7, 6, 17:

Latine me scitote, non accusatorie loqui,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2:

poscere,

Juv. 11, 148:

formare,

to compose in Latin, Suet. Aug. 89: componere, id. Gram. init.—Comp.: Latinius, in better Latin (late Lat.), Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 3, 6; Hier. in Isa. 8, 10.—

Subst.

Lătīni, ōrum, m.

The inhabitants of Latium, Latins, Liv. 1, 2 sq.; 1, 32 sq.; 2, 19 sq.; Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; 3, 31, 112; Verg. A. 7, 367; Juv. 6, 44. —

Those who possessed the Latin rights of citizenship (jus Latii, Latinitas);

freq. in the connection, socii et Latini,

Cic. Balb. 8, 21; id. Sest. 13, 30; id. Lael. 3, 12 (v. socius).—

Latini Juniani, freedmen whose liberty was secured by the operation of the lex Junia Norbana (772 A. U. C.), Gai. Inst. 3, § 56.—

Lătīnae, ārum, f. (sc. feriae), the festival of the allied Latins, the Latin holidays, Liv. 5, 17; 19; Cic. Att. 1, 3; id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2 fin.; id. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Lătīnum, i, n., Latin, the Latin language:

licet in Latinum illa convertere,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 29:

in Latinum vertore,

Quint. 1, 5, 2.—

Lătīnĭensis, e, adj., Latin:

populi,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 69: ager, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 10, 20.— In plur absol.: Lătīnĭenses, ĭum, m., the Latins, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 28, 62.—

Lătĭālis, and euphon. collat. form Lătĭāris, e (also Lătĭar, v. infra), adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Form Latialis:

populus,

the Latins, Romans, Ov. M. 15, 481:

sermo,

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 7:

Juppiter,

Luc. 1, 198;

hence, also, caput,

a statue of Jupiter, id. 1, 535.— Lătĭālĭter, adv., in the Latin manner (post - class.):

peplo circa umeros involuto Latialiter tegebatur,

Mart. Cap. 5 init.:

nihil effari,

id. 6, § 587:

te Latialiter sonantem,

Sid. Carm. 23, 235 (al. Latiariter).—

Form Latiaris: Latiaris sancte Juppiter (Juppiter Latiaris was the guardian deity of the Latin confederacy, to whom the feriae Latinae were consecrated), Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

Juppiter,

Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 43 Sillig. N. cr.:

collis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.:

doctrina Latiaris,

Macr. S. 1, 2.— Adv.: Lătĭārĭter, v. in the preced. 1.—

Hence, subst.: Lătĭar, āris, n., the festival of Jupiter Latiaris:

confectum erat Latiar,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16, 16.

Lătĭum, ii, n. [2. lătus; Sanscr. root prath-, to spread or widen; cf. Lat. later, etc.; prop., the plains or flat-land;

by the ancients referred to latēre, because here Saturnus lay concealed from his son,

Ov. F. 1, 238; Verg. A. 8, 322; Arn. 4, 143; Lact. 1, 13;

or to Latinus,

the name of the mythical king, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll.], a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated, now Campagna di Roma, and a part of the Terra di Lavoro, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 54; Enn. ap. Acro. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 455); Cic. Rep. 2, 24, 44; Liv. 6, 21; 8, 13; Hor. C. 1, 12, 53; 1, 35, 10; id. C. S. 66; Mel. 3, 4, 2; consisting of two parts:

Latium vetus,

Tac. A. 4, 5;

or antiquum,

Verg. A. 7, 38; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 56; which was the original territory governed by Rome before the subjugation of the Æqui and Volsci, and:

Latium novum, or adjectum,

originally the territory of the Æqui, Volsci, Hernici, and Aurunci, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 59.—

Jus Latii, the political rights and privileges which belonged originally to the Latins, but were afterwards granted by the Romans to other people; this jus comprehended less than civitas Romana, but more than peregrinitas (cf. latinitas and Latini):

eodem anno Caesar nationes Alpium maritimarum in jus Latii transtulit,

Tac. A. 15, 32. —Also called Latium alone: aut majus est Latium aut minus; majus est Latium, cum et hi, qui decuriones leguntur, et ei qui honorem aliquem aut magistratum gerunt, civitatem Romanam consecuntur;

minus Latium est, cum hi tantum, qui vel magistratum vel honorem gerunt, ad civitatem Romanam perveniunt,

Gai. Inst. 1, 96; cf.:

Latium externis dilargiri,

Tac. H. 3, 55:

Latio dato,

Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20:

Latio donata oppida,

id. 3, 1, 3, § 7.—

Hence,

Lătĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latian, Latin ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

agri,

the Latin territory, Ov. F. 2, 553; 3, 606; 5, 91:

gens,

id. ib. 4, 42; id. M. 14, 832:

lingua,

id. P. 2, 3, 75: palmes, vines growing in Latium, id. F. 4, 894:

boves,

Col. 6, 1, 2. — Poet., for Roman:

turba,

the Roman people, Ov. F. 1, 639:

parentes,

id. ib. 3, 243; cf.

matres,

id. ib. 4, 133:

annus,

the Roman year, id. ib. 1, 1:

vulnera,

of Roman soldiers, id. A. A. 1, 414.—

Lătīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Adj.: populi, the Latins, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 Müll. (Ann. v. 24 Vahl.); cf.

genus,

the Latins, Romans, Verg. A. 1, 6:

lingua,

the Latin language, Varr. L. L. 5, § 1 Müll.; cf.

opp. Graeca,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

poëtae, opp. Graeci,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 10: via, beginning at the Porta Latina, near the Porta Capena, id. Clu. 59, 163; Liv. 2, 39; 10, 36 al.:

dies,

the days of the Roman calendar, the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 177: feriae, the festival of the allied Latins, which was celebrated especially by offerings to Juppiter Latiaris on Mons Albanus, Varr. L. L. 6, § 25 Müll.; Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15; Liv. 21, 63; 22, 1; more freq. absol.; v. in the foll. 2.: coloniae, which possessed the jus Latii, Cic. Caecin. 33 fin.; Suet. Caes. 8: nomen, Latin citizenship, also called jus Latii and Latinitas, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41; Sall. J. 39, 2 (v. socius): casus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.:

tragici veteres,

Quint. 1, 8, 8:

esse illud Latinum (verbum),

Suet. Gram. 22.— Comp.: nihil Latinius legi, M. Aur. ap. Front. Ep. 2, 6 Mai.; cf.:

nihil Latinius tuis voluminibus,

Hier. Ep. 58, 9.— Sup.:

homo Latinissimus,

Hier. Ep. 50, 2.— Adv.: Lătīnē, in Latin:

Graece haec vocatur emporos: eadem Latine mercator,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 5; id. Cas. prol. 34:

Cumanis petentibus, ut publice Latine loquerentur, et praeconibus Latine vendendi jus esset,

in the Latin tongue, Liv. 40, 42 fin.:

scire,

to understand Latin, Cic. Caecin. 19, 55:

num Latine scit?

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13:

non enim tam praeclarum est scire Latine, quam turpe nescire,

id. Brut. 37, 140:

nescire,

Juv. 6, 188: reddere, to translate into Latin, Cic. de Or, 1, 34, 153; cf.

docere,

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 9.—In partic.: Latine loqui, to speak with propriety or elegance:

Latine et diligenter loqui,

Cic. Brut. 45, 166; cf.:

ut pure et emendate loquentes, quod est Latine,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 2, 4:

pure et Latine loqui,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 144.—Sometimes, also, like our to talk plain English, for, to speak out, to speak plainly or openly (syn. Romano more loqui):

(gladiator), ut appellant ii, qui plane et Latine loquuntur,

Cic. Phil. 7, 6, 17:

Latine me scitote, non accusatorie loqui,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2:

poscere,

Juv. 11, 148:

formare,

to compose in Latin, Suet. Aug. 89: componere, id. Gram. init.—Comp.: Latinius, in better Latin (late Lat.), Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 3, 6; Hier. in Isa. 8, 10.—

Subst.

Lătīni, ōrum, m.

The inhabitants of Latium, Latins, Liv. 1, 2 sq.; 1, 32 sq.; 2, 19 sq.; Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; 3, 31, 112; Verg. A. 7, 367; Juv. 6, 44. —

Those who possessed the Latin rights of citizenship (jus Latii, Latinitas);

freq. in the connection, socii et Latini,

Cic. Balb. 8, 21; id. Sest. 13, 30; id. Lael. 3, 12 (v. socius).—

Latini Juniani, freedmen whose liberty was secured by the operation of the lex Junia Norbana (772 A. U. C.), Gai. Inst. 3, § 56.—

Lătīnae, ārum, f. (sc. feriae), the festival of the allied Latins, the Latin holidays, Liv. 5, 17; 19; Cic. Att. 1, 3; id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2 fin.; id. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Lătīnum, i, n., Latin, the Latin language:

licet in Latinum illa convertere,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 29:

in Latinum vertore,

Quint. 1, 5, 2.—

Lătīnĭensis, e, adj., Latin:

populi,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 69: ager, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 10, 20.— In plur absol.: Lătīnĭenses, ĭum, m., the Latins, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 28, 62.—

Lătĭālis, and euphon. collat. form Lătĭāris, e (also Lătĭar, v. infra), adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Form Latialis:

populus,

the Latins, Romans, Ov. M. 15, 481:

sermo,

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 7:

Juppiter,

Luc. 1, 198;

hence, also, caput,

a statue of Jupiter, id. 1, 535.— Lătĭālĭter, adv., in the Latin manner (post - class.):

peplo circa umeros involuto Latialiter tegebatur,

Mart. Cap. 5 init.:

nihil effari,

id. 6, § 587:

te Latialiter sonantem,

Sid. Carm. 23, 235 (al. Latiariter).—

Form Latiaris: Latiaris sancte Juppiter (Juppiter Latiaris was the guardian deity of the Latin confederacy, to whom the feriae Latinae were consecrated), Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

Juppiter,

Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 43 Sillig. N. cr.:

collis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.:

doctrina Latiaris,

Macr. S. 1, 2.— Adv.: Lătĭārĭter, v. in the preced. 1.—

Hence, subst.: Lătĭar, āris, n., the festival of Jupiter Latiaris:

confectum erat Latiar,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16, 16.

nascor, nātus, nasci (ante-class., and in poets of the class. period also gnatus, v. under P. a. B.; part. fut. nasciturus, Pall. Jun. 7, § 8; Vulg. Judic. 13, 8), 3, v. dep. [from gnascor, gnatus, root gen, whence gigno; cf. Gr. gennaô], to be born, to be begotten (of or by male or female).

Lit.; constr. with ex or de and abl., or with abl. alone; rarely with ab and abl.

With ex and abl. (esp. with name or other appellation of the mother):

cum ex utrāque (uxore) filius natus esset,

Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 183:

cujus ex filiā natus est Sestius,

id. Fam. 13, 8, 1:

Servius Tullius ex serva Tarquiniensi natus,

id. Rep. 2, 21, 37:

ex hac feminā debuit nasci, qui, etc.,

Sen. ad Helv. 16, 6:

natam sibi ex Poppaeā filiam,

Tac. A. 15, 23 init.:

ex Thetide natus,

Quint. 3, 7, 11:

ex Urbiniā natus,

id. 7, 2, 5:

Alexandri filius natus ex Barsine,

Just. 13, 2, 7; cf.:

negantis (Domitii) quidquam ex se et Agrippinā nisi detestabile nasci potuisse,

Suet. Ner. 6:

quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera,

Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf.:

convinces facile ex te esse natum, nam tui similis est probe,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 7:

ex militibus Romanis et Hispanis mulieribus natos se memorantes,

Liv. 43, 3, 2;

very rarely with a designation of the father, and only with pronouns: ex hoc Domitius nascitur,

Suet. Ner. 4 init.:

Neoptolemus ex quo nata est Olympias,

Just. 17, 3, 14:

ex quo nasci nepotes deceat,

Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 2:

illum ex me natum,

Val. Max. 5, 10 ext. 3; cf.:

quod tibi filiolus vel filia nascitur ex me,

Juv. 9, 83.—

With de and abl.:

de tigride natus,

Ov. M. 9, 612; cf.:

de stirpe dei nasci,

id. ib. 11, 312:

de pellice natus,

id. ib. 4, 422:

natus de muliere,

Vulg. Job, 14, 1; 15, 14. —

With abl. (so usually with proper names;

and with general designations of parents, family, etc.): quos omnes Erebo et Nocte natos ferunt,

Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44:

Hercules Jove natus,

id. ib. 3, 16, 42:

Nilo natus,

id. ib. 3, 16, 42:

nascetur Oedipus Lao,

id. Fat. 13, 30:

patre Marte,

id. Rep. 2, 2, 4:

Paulo,

id. Off. 1, 33, 121:

privignus Poppaeā natus,

Suet. Ner. 55:

Ascanius Creusā matre natus,

Liv. 1, 3, 2: Junia, Vell. 2, 127, 4:

amplissimā familiā nati adulescentes,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37, 1:

honestis parentibus,

Quint. 1, 11, 85; Sen. Contr. 7, 21, 1:

Mela quibus Gallio et Seneca parentibus natus,

Tac. A. 16, 17:

deus deo natus,

Liv. 1, 16, 3:

imperioso patre,

id. 7, 4, 5; 9, 1, 12: Assaraco natus Capus, Enn. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 3, 35 (Ann. v. 31 Vahl.):

patre certo nasci,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 46:

Apolline natus,

Ov. M. 15, 639: natus deā, son of a goddess, i. e. Achilles, id. M. 12, 86; so,

natus deā,

of Æneas, Verg. A. 1, 582:

matre Musā natus,

Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45:

nascetur pulcrā Trojanus origine Caesar,

Verg. A. 1, 286.—

With ab and abl.:

generari et nasci a principibus,

Tac. H. 1, 16:

et qui nascentur ab illo,

Verg. G. 1, 434.—

In other constrr.:

post homines natos,

since men have lived, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 1:

post genus hominum natum,

id. Balb. 10, 26:

in miseriam nascimur,

id. Tusc. 1, 5, 9:

aves omnes in pedes nascuntur,

with the feet foremost, Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149:

ad homines nascendos vim hujus numeri (septenarii) pertinere,

to the formation of man in the womb, Gell. 3, 10, 7:

homo nascitur ad laborem,

i. e. it is his nature to suffer it, Vulg. Job, 5, 7.—

Transf., to rise, take beginning, derive origin, spring forth, grow, be found: O fortunatam natam me consule Romam, Cic. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 24; and ap. Juv. 10, 122:

humi nascentia fraga,

Verg. E. 3, 92:

cum nata fuerint folia,

Vulg. Marc. 13, 28:

nascitur ibi plumbum album in mediterraneis regionibus,

is found, produced, Caes. B. G. 5, 12:

onyx nascitur circa Thebas Aegyptias,

Plin. 36, 8, 12, § 61:

ex palude nascitur amnis,

rises, id. 36, 26, 65, § 190:

nascere, praeque diem veniens age, Lucifer, almum,

rise, Verg. E. 8, 17:

unde nigerrimus Auster Nascitur,

id. G. 3, 278:

nascens luna,

Hor. C. 3, 23, 2; id. S. 2, 4, 30:

nascentia templa,

newly built, Mart. 6, 4, 3:

Circaeis nata forent an Lucrinum ad saxum... ostrea,

Juv. 4, 140.— To rise, be formed (of a hill):

ab eo flumine collis nascebatur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.:

nascitur altera moles,

Sil. 3, 530. —

Trop.

To arise, spring forth, proceed from, be produced:

scribes ad me, ut mihi nascatur epistulae argumentum,

Cic. Fam. 16, 22, 2:

nulla tam detestabilis pestis est, quae non homini ab homine nascatur,

id. Off. 2, 5, 16:

fateor ea me studiose secutum ex quibus vera gloria nasci posset,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 13:

facinus natum a cupiditate,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 82; id. Font. 16, 37:

visus ei dicitur draco... dicere quo illa loci nasceretur,

id. Div. 2, 66, 135:

strumae nascuntur maxime in cervice,

Cels. 5, 28, 7; 7, 12, 1 fin.; 7, 6, 4 fin.:

onychem in Arabiae tantum montibus nasci putavere,

Plin. 36, 7, 12, § 59:

frumenta nata sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 63, § 147:

ex quo uno haec omnia nata et profecta esse concedit,

id. Quint. 28, 85; id. Agr 2, 33, 90:

profectio nata a timore defectionis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 43:

querelae verae nascuntur pectore ab imo,

Cat. 64, 198:

omnis obligatio vel ex contractu nascitur vel ex delicto,

Gai. Inst. 3, 88 sq. —With ut:

ex hoc nascitur ut,

hence it follows that, Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 63; Sen. Ep. 74, 11.—

Esp., of the spiritual renewal of a religious experience, to be regenerated, born again (eccl. Lat.):

quod natum est ex spiritu, spiritus est,

Vulg. Johan. 3, 6:

nasci denuo,

id. ib. 3, 7:

natus ex Deo,

id. 1 Johan. 3, 9, etc.—Hence, P. a.

nascens, entis, arising, beginning, nascent, infant, immature:

ante Periclem et Thucydidem, qui non nascentibus Athenis, sed jam adultis fuerunt, littera nulla est, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 7, 27:

eloquentiam pueris induunt adhuc nascentibus,

Petr. 4:

(vitulus) vexat nascenti robora cornu,

Juv. 12, 9.—

Subst.: nascentia, ĭum, n., organic bodies, esp. plants, Vitr. 5, 1, 3; 5, 8, 1.—

nātus, a, um, P. a., born; hence,

Subst.: nātus ( gnātus), i, m., a son; and nāta ( gnāta), ae, f. (dat. and abl. pl. natabus, where ambiguity is to be avoided, Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P.; Inscr. Orell. 7421; Phocas, p. 1707 P.; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 29), a daughter; in plur.: nati (gnati), children, offspring:

caritas, quae est inter natos et parentes,

Cic. Lael. 8, 27:

bellum prope inter parentes natosque,

Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 5, 40, 3:

cum pecore et gnatis,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 115:

et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,

Verg. A. 7, 518: mihi ausculta, nate, pueros jube cremarier, Enn. [p. 1188] ap. Non. 246, 11 (Trag. v. 329 Vahl.); Hor. S. 1, 3, 43:

natam conlocare alicui,

Plaut. Aul. Arg. 1, 15: o gnata, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 46 Vahl.):

si quis gnatam pro mutā devovet agnā,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 219; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 199: Hectoris natum de muro jactarier, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll. (Trag. v. 130 Vahl.); so, Nerei natae, id. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P. (Trag. v. 135 Vahl.):

maxima natarum Priami,

Verg. A. 1, 654; Ov. M. 13, 661.—Esp. in the phrase natus nemo, not a human being, nobody (Plautine for nemo mortalis):

tamquam si natus nemo in aedibus habitet,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 55 Lorenz ad loc.; id. ib. 2, 2, 20:

nato nemini,

id. Cas. 2, 4, 15; id. Ps. 1, 3, 63.—

Adj.

Natus alicui rei or ad aliquam rem, born, made, destined, designed, intended, produced by nature for any thing.

With dat. (class.):

me credo huic esse natum rei, ferundis miseriis,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6:

non sibi se soli natum meminerit, sed patriae, sed suis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45:

natus huic imperio,

id. Cael. 24, 59:

gurges atque helluo natus abdomini suo, non laudi atque gloriae,

id. Pis. 17, 41:

Judaei et Syri, nationes natae servituti,

id. Prov. Cons. 5, 10. —

With ad (class.):

vir ad omnia summa natus,

Cic. Brut. 68, 239:

natus ad haec tempora,

id. Phil. 12, 4, 9:

ad dicendum natus aptusque,

id. de Or. 1, 22, 99:

ad haudem et ad decus nati, suscepti, instituti sumus,

id. Fin. 5, 22, 63:

ad hoc unum natus,

id. Or. 28, 99:

ut ad cursum equus, ad arandum bos, ad indagandum canis, sic homo ad intellegendum et agendum natus est,

id. Fin. 2, 13, 40:

natus ad sacra Cithaeron,

Ov. M. 2, 223:

canor mulcendas natus ad aures,

id. ib. 5, 561.—

With inf. ( poet.):

quid meruere boves, animal... natum tolerare labores,

Ov. M. 15, 120: sentes tantummodo laedere natae, id. de Nuce, 113.—

With in and acc. ( poet.):

nati in usum laetitiae scyphi,

Hor. C. 1, 27, 1; Ov. M. 14, 99; 15, 117.—

With propter (rare):

apros, animal propter convivia natum,

Juv. 1, 141.—

Formed or constituted by nature in any manner:

alius ager bene natus, alius male,

Varr. R. R. 1, 6, 1:

sarmenta male nata,

Col. 4, 24, 7:

ita natus locus est,

Liv. 9, 2:

inculti versūs et male nati,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 233.—

Pro re natā, or (ante- and post-class.) e re natā, under the present circumstances, according to the state of affairs, as matters are:

ut in his pro re natā non incommode possint esse,

Cic. Att. 7, 14, 3:

Antonii colloquium cum heroibus nostris pro re natā non incommodum,

id. ib. 14, 6, 1;

7, 8, 2: e re natā melius fieri haud potuit, quam factum est,

Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8; App. M. 4, p. 143, 38.—

With a specification of time, so old, of the age of, etc.:

eques Romanus annos prope XC. natus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62:

annos natus unum et viginti,

id. de Or. 3, 20, 74:

cum annos ad quinquaginta natus esset,

id. Clu. 40, 110:

cum quinque et viginti natus annos dominatum occupavisset,

id. Tusc. 5, 20, 57:

Cato annos quinque et octoginta natus excessit e vitā,

id. Brut. 20, 80; in inscr. ANNORVM NATVS, etc., Inscr. Mon. Scip. n. 7;

Inscr. Marini Atti, p. 564.— Sometimes, in order to specify the age more exactly, major or minor, without or with quam, is added: annos nata est sedecim non major,

Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 23:

minor quinque et viginti annis natus,

Nep. Han. 3, 2:

minor triginta annis natus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122:

homo annos natus major quadraginta,

over forty years old, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 49:

Dionysius major annos sexaginta natus decessit,

Nep. Reg. 2, 3:

cum liberis majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,

Liv. 45, 32, 3:

minorem quam annos sex, majorem quam annos decem natam, negarunt capi fas esse,

Gell. 1, 12, 1.—For major, minor, sometimes with plus, minus (ante-class.):

plus triginta annis natus sim,

Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 1:

annos sexaginta natus es aut plus,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11; cf.:

non amplius novem annos natus,

Nep. Han. 2, 3.— Act. collat. form: nasco, ĕre, to be born, etc.:

ubi germen nascere coeperit,

Cato, R. R. 151 fin.

prūdens, entis, adj. [contr. from providens].

Foreseeing, foreknowing (very rare); constr. with an objective clause, or absol.:

ille contra urinam spargit, prudens, hanc quoque leoni exitialem,

Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136:

quos prudentis possumus dicere, id est providentis,

Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111: de futuro satis callidus satisque prudens, Ps.-Sall. ap. Cic. init. —

Transf.

Knowing, skilled, experienced, versed, practised in a thing (class.; syn.: peritus, consultus); constr. with gen. or in; poet. and post-Aug. also with inf.

With gen.:

ceterarum rerum pater familias et prudens et attentus,

Cic. Quint. 3, 11:

belli prudentes, Sall. Ep. Mith. (H. 4, 61, 16 Dietsch): rei militaris,

Nep. Con. 1, 2:

locorum,

Liv. 34, 28 fin.:

animus rerum prudens,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 35:

artis,

Ov. H. 5, 150:

animorum provinciae prudens,

Tac. Agr. 19:

doli prudens,

id. H. 2, 25:

agricolationis,

Col. 2, 2, 15.— Comp.:

prudentiores rerum rusticarum,

Col. 4, 2, 1; so,

earum rerum,

Gell. 14, 2, 4.— Sup.:

adulandi gens prudentissima,

Juv. 3, 86.—

With in:

prudens in jure civili,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6.—

With inf. or acc. and inf.:

nec pauperum prudens anus Novemdialis dissipare pulveres,

Hor. Epod. 17, 47:

prudens otii vitia negotio discuti,

Curt. 7, 1, 4:-ob ea se peti prudens, Plin. 8, 31, 49, § 111:

sciens prudensque se praegnantem non esse,

Dig. 25, 6, 1, § 2.—

In partic.

Juris prudens, also prudens alone (like juris peritus), skilled or learned in the law; as subst.: jūrisprūdens, ntis, m., one learned in the law, a lawyer, jurist, jurisconsult (only post-class.), Dig. 38, 15, 2 fin.; 1, 2, 2; 1, 1, 7; 40, 7, 30; Just. Inst. 1, 2.—

Like sciens, knowing, wise, discreet, prudent; usually connected with sciens: prudens animam de corpore mitto, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 8 (Ann. v. 216 Vahl.):

quos prudens praetereo,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 88; 2, 5, 58 (cf.:

imprudens praeteriisse videris,

Cic. Brut. 77, 269):

ibis sub furcam prudens,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 66:

nequidquam deus abscidit Prudens Oceano terras,

id. C. 1, 3, 22; 3, 29, 29; Ov. M. 3, 364:

an prudens imprudensve rupisset,

Gell. 20, 1, 34.—With sciens: amore ardeo:

et prudens, sciens, Vivus vidensque pereo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 27:

ut in fabulis Amphiaraus sic ego prudens et sciens ad pestem ante oculos positam sum profectus,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9, A, 5; Suet. Ner. 2 fin. —

In gen., sagacious, sensible, intelligent, clever, judicious, etc. (very freq.):

vir naturā peracutus et prudens,

Cic. Or. 5, 18:

quis P. Octavio ingenio prudentior, jure peritior,

id. Clu. 38, 107:

prudentem et, ut ita dicam, catum,

id. Leg. 1, 16, 45:

in existimando admodum prudens,

id. Brut. 68, 239; cf.:

prudentissimi in disserendo,

id. ib. 31, 118:

virum ad consilia prudentem,

id. Font. 15, 43:

quo nemo prudentior,

id. Lael. 1, 5:

homines amicissimi ac prudentissimi,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 10:

vir bonus et prudens,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32; cf. id. A. P. 445:

si divitiae prudentem reddere possent,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 155:

prudentior ille consilio, hic animo magnificentior,

Just. 9, 8, 13.—With adverb. acc.:

prudens alia,

Amm. 15, 13, 2.—Of abstract things:

prudens, temperata, fortis, justa ratio,

Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58:

prudens animi sententia,

Ov. H. 21, 137: consilium, quod si non fuerit prudens, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1; Ov. M. 13, 433:

prudentissimum consilium,

Nep. Eum. 3, 4; Hirt. B. Alex. 24. —

Cautious, circumspect (very rare):

malebant me nimium timidum quam satis prudentem existimari,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2.— Hence, adv.: prūdenter, sagaciously, intelligently, discreetly, wisely, skilfully, learnedly, prudently, etc.: loqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 255 Vahl.):

facere,

Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 15; cf. id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

rationem excogitare,

id. ib. 2, 12, 23:

multa ab eo prudenter disputata,

id. Lael. 1, 1:

multa provisa prudenter,

id. ib. 2, 6.— Comp., Aug. in Suet. Tib. 21; Quint. 9, 2, 44.— Sup.:

defendere,

Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

scribere,

id. Att. 13, 1, 1; Val. Max. 3, 3, 4 ext. 4.

prūdens, entis, adj. [contr. from providens].

Foreseeing, foreknowing (very rare); constr. with an objective clause, or absol.:

ille contra urinam spargit, prudens, hanc quoque leoni exitialem,

Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136:

quos prudentis possumus dicere, id est providentis,

Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111: de futuro satis callidus satisque prudens, Ps.-Sall. ap. Cic. init. —

Transf.

Knowing, skilled, experienced, versed, practised in a thing (class.; syn.: peritus, consultus); constr. with gen. or in; poet. and post-Aug. also with inf.

With gen.:

ceterarum rerum pater familias et prudens et attentus,

Cic. Quint. 3, 11:

belli prudentes, Sall. Ep. Mith. (H. 4, 61, 16 Dietsch): rei militaris,

Nep. Con. 1, 2:

locorum,

Liv. 34, 28 fin.:

animus rerum prudens,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 35:

artis,

Ov. H. 5, 150:

animorum provinciae prudens,

Tac. Agr. 19:

doli prudens,

id. H. 2, 25:

agricolationis,

Col. 2, 2, 15.— Comp.:

prudentiores rerum rusticarum,

Col. 4, 2, 1; so,

earum rerum,

Gell. 14, 2, 4.— Sup.:

adulandi gens prudentissima,

Juv. 3, 86.—

With in:

prudens in jure civili,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6.—

With inf. or acc. and inf.:

nec pauperum prudens anus Novemdialis dissipare pulveres,

Hor. Epod. 17, 47:

prudens otii vitia negotio discuti,

Curt. 7, 1, 4:-ob ea se peti prudens, Plin. 8, 31, 49, § 111:

sciens prudensque se praegnantem non esse,

Dig. 25, 6, 1, § 2.—

In partic.

Juris prudens, also prudens alone (like juris peritus), skilled or learned in the law; as subst.: jūrisprūdens, ntis, m., one learned in the law, a lawyer, jurist, jurisconsult (only post-class.), Dig. 38, 15, 2 fin.; 1, 2, 2; 1, 1, 7; 40, 7, 30; Just. Inst. 1, 2.—

Like sciens, knowing, wise, discreet, prudent; usually connected with sciens: prudens animam de corpore mitto, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 8 (Ann. v. 216 Vahl.):

quos prudens praetereo,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 88; 2, 5, 58 (cf.:

imprudens praeteriisse videris,

Cic. Brut. 77, 269):

ibis sub furcam prudens,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 66:

nequidquam deus abscidit Prudens Oceano terras,

id. C. 1, 3, 22; 3, 29, 29; Ov. M. 3, 364:

an prudens imprudensve rupisset,

Gell. 20, 1, 34.—With sciens: amore ardeo:

et prudens, sciens, Vivus vidensque pereo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 27:

ut in fabulis Amphiaraus sic ego prudens et sciens ad pestem ante oculos positam sum profectus,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9, A, 5; Suet. Ner. 2 fin. —

In gen., sagacious, sensible, intelligent, clever, judicious, etc. (very freq.):

vir naturā peracutus et prudens,

Cic. Or. 5, 18:

quis P. Octavio ingenio prudentior, jure peritior,

id. Clu. 38, 107:

prudentem et, ut ita dicam, catum,

id. Leg. 1, 16, 45:

in existimando admodum prudens,

id. Brut. 68, 239; cf.:

prudentissimi in disserendo,

id. ib. 31, 118:

virum ad consilia prudentem,

id. Font. 15, 43:

quo nemo prudentior,

id. Lael. 1, 5:

homines amicissimi ac prudentissimi,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 10:

vir bonus et prudens,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32; cf. id. A. P. 445:

si divitiae prudentem reddere possent,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 155:

prudentior ille consilio, hic animo magnificentior,

Just. 9, 8, 13.—With adverb. acc.:

prudens alia,

Amm. 15, 13, 2.—Of abstract things:

prudens, temperata, fortis, justa ratio,

Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58:

prudens animi sententia,

Ov. H. 21, 137: consilium, quod si non fuerit prudens, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1; Ov. M. 13, 433:

prudentissimum consilium,

Nep. Eum. 3, 4; Hirt. B. Alex. 24. —

Cautious, circumspect (very rare):

malebant me nimium timidum quam satis prudentem existimari,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2.— Hence, adv.: prūdenter, sagaciously, intelligently, discreetly, wisely, skilfully, learnedly, prudently, etc.: loqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 255 Vahl.):

facere,

Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 15; cf. id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

rationem excogitare,

id. ib. 2, 12, 23:

multa ab eo prudenter disputata,

id. Lael. 1, 1:

multa provisa prudenter,

id. ib. 2, 6.— Comp., Aug. in Suet. Tib. 21; Quint. 9, 2, 44.— Sup.:

defendere,

Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

scribere,

id. Att. 13, 1, 1; Val. Max. 3, 3, 4 ext. 4.

scisco, scīvi, scītum, 3 ( dep. collat. form sciscor, acc. to Prisc. p. 799 P.), v. inch. a. [scio], to seek to know; to search, inquire.

Lit. (ante-class. and very rare; cf., on the other hand, the deriv. sciscitor): praefestinamus, quae sit causa, sciscere, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.: ibo ad eam, ut sciscam, quid velint, Att. ap. Non. 505, 12; cf. Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 17.—

Transf.