-
41 interpono
interpōno, ĕre, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum - tr. - [st2]1 [-] avec acc. dat. ou inter + acc. - placer entre, mettre entre, insérer, mêler. [st2]2 [-] faire intervenir, interposer, introduire. [st2]3 [-] laisser s’écouler, laisser passer (du temps). [st2]4 [-] opposer, alléguer à l’encontre, prétexter. - interponere pedites turmis: placer des fantassins au milieu des escadrons. - interponere se audaciae, Cic.: [s'entremettre contre l'audace]= lutter contre l'audace. - interponere testes: faire intervenir des témoins. - interponere operam pro aliquo: employer son activité en faveur de qqn. - interponere judicium: donner son avis. - interponere causam: donner un prétexte. - interponere legem: proposer une loi. - interponere verbum, Cic.: glisser un mot, placer un mot (dans une conversation). - interponere paucos dies: laisser passer un petit nombre de jours. - interponere se quominus: s’opposer à ce que. - fidem alicui interponere: engager sa parole envers qqn, donner sa garantie à qqn. - aliquem epulis interponere, Suet.: admettre qqn au festin. - se interponere (in aliquid, alicui rei): se mêler (de qqch), s'immiscer, intervenir. - interponere moram: laisser s’écouler un retard, admettre un retard. - voir interpositus.* * *interpōno, ĕre, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum - tr. - [st2]1 [-] avec acc. dat. ou inter + acc. - placer entre, mettre entre, insérer, mêler. [st2]2 [-] faire intervenir, interposer, introduire. [st2]3 [-] laisser s’écouler, laisser passer (du temps). [st2]4 [-] opposer, alléguer à l’encontre, prétexter. - interponere pedites turmis: placer des fantassins au milieu des escadrons. - interponere se audaciae, Cic.: [s'entremettre contre l'audace]= lutter contre l'audace. - interponere testes: faire intervenir des témoins. - interponere operam pro aliquo: employer son activité en faveur de qqn. - interponere judicium: donner son avis. - interponere causam: donner un prétexte. - interponere legem: proposer une loi. - interponere verbum, Cic.: glisser un mot, placer un mot (dans une conversation). - interponere paucos dies: laisser passer un petit nombre de jours. - interponere se quominus: s’opposer à ce que. - fidem alicui interponere: engager sa parole envers qqn, donner sa garantie à qqn. - aliquem epulis interponere, Suet.: admettre qqn au festin. - se interponere (in aliquid, alicui rei): se mêler (de qqch), s'immiscer, intervenir. - interponere moram: laisser s’écouler un retard, admettre un retard. - voir interpositus.* * *Interpono, interponis, pe. prod. interposui, interpositum, pen. corr. interponere. Cic. Mettre entredeux, ou parmi, Interposer, Entremettre.\Interponere accusatorem. Cic. Susciter et suborner un accusateur, ayant intelligence avec celuy qui est accusé.\Interponere se audaciae alterius. Cic. Resister, Empescher l'audace d'aucun.\Aquam. Mart. Mettre de l'eaue parmi le vin.\Authoritatem. Cic. Authoriser, Interposer son authorité en quelque chose.\Nondum interposita authoritate vestra. Cic. Sans avoir receu authorité de vous, et povoir de ce faire, Sans attendre vostre mandement, Sans estre authorisé de vous.\Condimentis interponere. Plin. Mesler parmi.\Consilium suum consilio alterius. Liu. Suyvre son conseil, et non point l'autruy, Preferer son advis à celuy d'autruy.\Decretum. Liu. Cic. Donner quelque appoinctement.\Diebus aliquot interpositis. Varro. Aucuns jours apres.\Fidem alicui. Caes. Promettre et s'obliger sur l'asseurance de foy.\Fidem suam in aliquam rem. Cic. En respondre, Faire bon de quelque chose.\In eam rem se, suamque fidem interposuit. Caesar. Promist et s'obligea.\Iudicium suum. Cic. Asseoir son jugement sur quelque chose, En juger.\Iusiurandum. Liu. Jurer de faire quelque chose, Faire serment, Promettre par son serment.\Moram interponere, quod et Moram nectere dicitur. Cic. Tarder, Retarder, Differer, Delayer.\Nomen alicuius in re aliqua. Cice. Se servir du nom d'aucun, Faire quelque chose soubz l'ombre d'aucun, Emprunter son nom.\Noctem. Cic. Differer d'une nuict.\Operam suam pro aliquo. Cic. Travailler pour aucun.\Poenas. Cic. Menacer sur peine.\Postulatum. Cic. Mettre en avant et jecter entredeux quelques demandes et conditions de paix, seulement pour amuser ses ennemis jusques à ce qu'on soit preparé.\Querelas. Cic. Entremesler plusieurs debats et differents.\Se interponere. Cic. S'entremesler ou S'entremettre de quelque affaire.\Me nihil interpono. Cic. Je ne m'en mesle point.\Sapientius facies, si te in istam pacificationem non interpones. Cic. Si tu ne t'entremesle point de, etc.\Spatium. Cic. Faire pose.\Nulla belli suspicione interposita. Caesar. Sans qu'il y eust aucun souspecon de guerre.\Neque interea verbum vllum interposuit Naeuius, aut societatem sibi quippiam debere, aut priuatim Quintium debuisse. Cicero. Ne dit aucun mot, ou ne feit aucune mention que, etc. -
42 reddo
reddo, ĕre, dĭdi, dĭtum - tr. - - redidei = reddidi, CIL 10, 6950 --- fut. reddibo, Plaut. Cas. 129; Men. 1040; cf. Prisc. 6, 32; 6, 35; Non. 508, 8. [st1]1 [-] donner en retour, rendre (à une pers. ce qu'elle vous a donné, confié, prêté). - aliquid accipere ab alio vicissimque reddere, Cic. Lael. 26: recevoir qqch d'un autre et le lui rendre à son tour. - ea, quae utenda acceperis, majore mensura, si modo possis, jubet reddere Hesiodus, Cic. Off. 1, 48: ce qu'on nous a prêté, c'est avec usure que nous devons, si possible, le rendre, suivant les prescriptions d'Hésiode. - obsides reddere, Caes. BG. 1, 35, 3: rendre des otages. - memoria bene redditae vitae, Cic. Phil. 14, 32: le souvenir d'une vie que nous avons rendue avec honneur (à la nature). - cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 4. - reddere beneficium, Cic. Off. 1, 48: rendre un bienfait en retour. - acceptam cladem hosti reddere, Liv. 24, 17, 7: rendre à l'ennemi la défaite qu'il avait infligée. - cf. Liv. 24, 20, 2 ; 27, 49, 5. [st1]2 [-] donner en retour ce qu'on doit, ce qu'on a promis, etc. ; payer, s'acquitter de. - redde quae restant, Cic. Br. 258: acquitte-toi du reste (= achève ton exposé). - mors naturae debita, pro patria reddita, Cic. Phil. 14, 31: mort due à la nature, payée pour la patrie (dette envers la nature acquittée pour la patrie). - proemia reddere, Virg. En. 9. 254: accorder des récompenses. - reddere alicui prœmia debita, Virg. En. 2, 537: payer à qqn le salaire qui lui est dû. - mihi maxime placet ea quae male empta sunt reddi, Cic. Att. 2: je suis tout à fait d'accord pour rendre ce qui a été acheté trop cher. - vota reddere, Cic. Leg. 2, 22: s'acquitter des voeux. - cf. Virg. B. 5, 75. - supplicatio redditur, Caes. BG. 7, 90, 8: on célèbre les actions de grâces prescrites. - promissa viro reddere, Virg. En. 5, 386: délivrer à qqn la récompense promise. - reddere poenas, Sall. J. 14, 21: subir une punition. - reddere rationem: rendre un compte. - debitum naturae morbo reddere, Nep. Reg. 1: payer sa dette à la nature à la suite d'une maladie, mourir de maladie. [st1]3 [-] rendre (à qqn ce qu'on lui a pris, enlevé), restituer. - reddere captivos, Caes. BG. 7, 90, 3: rendre des prisonniers. - reddi captivos negavit esse utile, Cic. Off. 3: il affirma qu'il n'était pas utile de rendre les prisonniers. - cf. Cic. Phil. 2, 104. - libertatem reddere, Suet. 25: rendre la liberté. - patriam reddere, Liv. 5, 51, 10: rendre la patrie. - suum cuique honorem redditum gaudeo, Cic. Am. 136: je me réjouis que chacun se soit vu restituer ses honneurs. - aliquem patriae reddere, Cic. Mil. 94: rendre qqn à sa patrie. - patriis redditus aris, Virg. En. 11, 269: rendu aux foyers paternels. - cf. Virg. En. 2, 740. - reddar tenebris, Virg. En. 6, 544: je vais rentrer dans les ténèbres (auxquelles je me suis arraché un moment). - Teucrum iterum se reddere in arma, Virg. En. 10, 684: s'exposer de nouveau aux armes des Troyens. - se reddere: revenir, reprendre sa place. - se reddere convivio, Liv. 23, 9, 13: reprendre sa place au banquet. [st1]4 [-] donner en retour, en paiement, en récompense. - is honos non solum... datur, sed... redditur, Cic. Phil. 5, 41: cet honneur, on ne l'accorde pas seulement..., on le rend en paiement... - reddere pretium alicui pro bene factis, Plaut. Cap. 940: récompenser qqn pour ses bons offices. - gratiam alicui reddere, Sall. J. 110, 4: payer qqn de retour, lui manifester sa reconnaissance. [st1]5 [-] placer en regard, en réplique. - paria paribus redduntur, Cic. Or. 164: des membres de phrase égaux se font pendant. [st1]6 [-] placer en retour, retourner, traduire, rendre. - cum, ea quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem, Cic. de Or. 1, 155: alors que je rendais en latin ce que j'avais lu en grec. - verbum pro verbo reddere, Cic.: traduire mot à mot. - cf. Cic. Opt. 5. [st1]7 [-] donner en retour, en écho, répéter. - Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14; S. 2, 8, 80; P. 158. [st1]8 [-] donner en réponse, répliquer (répartir). - Virg. En. 1, 409; 6, 689; 11, 251, etc. [st1]9 [-] donner, produire en retour, renvoyer (des rayons); reproduire, imiter; exprimer, rendre; rendre (un son...). - (gemma) clara repercusso reddebant lumina Phoebo, Ov. M. 2, 110: (des. pierres précieuses) renvoyaient à Phoebus ses rayons brillants qui s'y réfléchissaient. - reddere odorem croci, Plin. 36, 177, reproduire l'odeur du safran. - reddere paternam elegantiam in loquendo, Quint. 1, 1, 6: reproduire dans sa parole la correction paternelle du style. - te nomine reddet, Virg. En. 6, 768: il sera ta reproduction par le nom, il te ressemblera par le nom. - omnes Catilinas, Acidinos postea reddidit, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3: tous les Catilina, les Acidinus ont reparu dès lors en lui (= il s'est conduit comme...). - toto litore busta surgunt Thessalicis reddentia manibus ignem, Luc. 9, 180: tout le long du rivage, se dressent des bûchers offrant leurs flammes aux mânes de la Thessalie. - ut, quae secum commentatus esset, ea sine scripto verbis eisdem redderet, quibus cogitavisset, Cic. Br. 301: à tel point que, ce qu'il avait préparé (avant de prononcer son discours), il le reproduisait sans aucune note, dans les mêmes termes qu'il l'avait conçu. - cf. Quint. 10, 6, 3 ; 11, 2, 23. - tibiae... alium sonum reddunt, Quint. 11, 3, 20: la flûte rend un son différent. [st1]10 [-] rendre, produire (en parl. du sol). - Ter. Phorm. 680; Col. 2, 16, 2 ; Plin. 18, 87; Quint. 12,10, 25 [st1]11 [-] ramener à un état antérieur, rendre de nouveau. - avec deux acc. reddere aliquem insignem, Virg. En. 5, 705: rendre quelqu'un illustre. - reddam ego te fame mansuetem (= mansuetum), Plaut. As. 1.2.19: je vais te rendre doux en t'affamant. - pecunia homines beatos non reddit: l'argent ne rend pas les hommes heureux. - senem illum tibi dedo ulteriorem, lepide ut lenitum reddas, Plaut. Bac. 1150: je te confie ce vieux là-bas, le second, pour que tu le ramènes à une aimable douceur. - cf. Plaut. Poen. 132. - reddes forte latus, nigros angusta fronte capillos, reddes dulce loqui, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 27, tu referas forte ma poitrine (solides mes poumons), et noirs mes cheveux sur un front étroit, tu referas doux mon parler. - avec ut subj. reddes nobis, ut... fecisti, sic de magistratibus ut disputes... Cic. Leg. 3, 13: tu referas pour nous sur les magistratures, comme tu l'as fait..., un exposé critique.... [st1]12 [-] amener d'un état à un autre, rendre. - petronem et dominum reddam mortales miserrumos, Plaut. Cap. 822: je ferai du bélier et de son maître les êtres les plus misérables. - tutiorem vitam reddere, Cic. Rep. 1, 3: rendre la vie plus sûre. - cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 54; de Or. 2, 8 ; Br. 38; Caes. BC. 3, 79, 4. - homines ex feris mites reddere, Cic. Inv. 1, 2: amener les hommes de la sauvagerie à la douceur. - aliquid effectum reddere, Plaut. Ps. 386: amener une chose à réalisation, effectuer, réaliser. - cf. Plaut. Ps. 530; 1309; Cap. 345, etc. - rare au passif corpus imbecillius redditur, Cels. 3, 3, 19: le corps est affaibli. - cf. Ov. M. 4, 175; Just. 29, 4, 3, etc.. - rart subst. attribut aliquem hostem Romanis reddere, Nep. Han. 2, 1: faire de qqn un ennemi des Romains. - avec ut + subj. mortalem summum fortuna reddidit ut famul infumus esset, Enn. An. 313: la fortune a fait du mortel le plus élevé le plus bas des esclaves. - cf. Ter. And. 389. [st1]13 [-] rendre (à qqn) ce qu'on a reçu, remettre, transmettre. - aliquid alicui reddere: rendre qqch à qqn. - Graeciae veterem statum reddere: rendre à la Grèce son ancien statut. - reddere alicui suum: rendre à qqn son dû. - Cincius eam mihi abs te epistulam reddidit, quam tu dederas, Cic. Att. 1, 20, 1: Cincius m'a remis de ta part la lettre que tu lui avais confiée pour moi. - cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 1; 2, 17, 1; etc. ; Caes. BC. 1, 1, 1; 2, 20, 2, etc. ; Sall. C. 34, 3 ; Liv. 2, 3, 7. [st1]14 [-] donner en retour d'une demande, accorder. - neque his petentibus jus redditur, Caes. BG. 6, 13, 7: on ne leur accorde pas malgré leur demande de solution en justice. - cf. Quint. 11, 2, 60. - reddere judicium, rendre un jugement (en parl. du magistrat à qui on vient demander justice). - Ter. Phorm. 404: Quint. 7, 4, 43; Tac. An. 1, 72. - jus reddere, Tac. An. 6, 11: rendre la justice. - judicia in privatos reddere, Caes. BC. 2, 18, 5: rendre des jugements contre les particuliers. [st1]15 [-] rapporter, exposer. - reddere = referre. - causas corruptae eloquentiae, Quint. 8, 6, 76: rapporter les raisons de la corruption de l'éloquence. - aliquid suo loco reddere, Tac. H. 4, 67: raconter une chose en son lieu. - quae suis locis reddam, Plin.: ce que j'exposerai en son temps et lieu. [st1]16 [-] faire sortir au-dehors, rendre. - animas reddunt, Virg. G. 3, 495: ils exhalent leur souffle, leur vie. - cf. Ov. P 2, 11, 7. - sanguinem reddere, Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 6: rendre, vomir du sang. - ex alto luco vox reddita est, Virg. En. 7, 95: des profondeurs du bois sortit une voix. - cf. Virg. En. 3, 40. [st1]17 [-] placer à part, assigner en propre (en lot). - Plaut. St. 181; Lucr. 1, 203; 2, 65, etc. ; Cic. Nat. 1, 103 ; Virg. En. 12, 817.* * *reddo, ĕre, dĭdi, dĭtum - tr. - - redidei = reddidi, CIL 10, 6950 --- fut. reddibo, Plaut. Cas. 129; Men. 1040; cf. Prisc. 6, 32; 6, 35; Non. 508, 8. [st1]1 [-] donner en retour, rendre (à une pers. ce qu'elle vous a donné, confié, prêté). - aliquid accipere ab alio vicissimque reddere, Cic. Lael. 26: recevoir qqch d'un autre et le lui rendre à son tour. - ea, quae utenda acceperis, majore mensura, si modo possis, jubet reddere Hesiodus, Cic. Off. 1, 48: ce qu'on nous a prêté, c'est avec usure que nous devons, si possible, le rendre, suivant les prescriptions d'Hésiode. - obsides reddere, Caes. BG. 1, 35, 3: rendre des otages. - memoria bene redditae vitae, Cic. Phil. 14, 32: le souvenir d'une vie que nous avons rendue avec honneur (à la nature). - cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 4. - reddere beneficium, Cic. Off. 1, 48: rendre un bienfait en retour. - acceptam cladem hosti reddere, Liv. 24, 17, 7: rendre à l'ennemi la défaite qu'il avait infligée. - cf. Liv. 24, 20, 2 ; 27, 49, 5. [st1]2 [-] donner en retour ce qu'on doit, ce qu'on a promis, etc. ; payer, s'acquitter de. - redde quae restant, Cic. Br. 258: acquitte-toi du reste (= achève ton exposé). - mors naturae debita, pro patria reddita, Cic. Phil. 14, 31: mort due à la nature, payée pour la patrie (dette envers la nature acquittée pour la patrie). - proemia reddere, Virg. En. 9. 254: accorder des récompenses. - reddere alicui prœmia debita, Virg. En. 2, 537: payer à qqn le salaire qui lui est dû. - mihi maxime placet ea quae male empta sunt reddi, Cic. Att. 2: je suis tout à fait d'accord pour rendre ce qui a été acheté trop cher. - vota reddere, Cic. Leg. 2, 22: s'acquitter des voeux. - cf. Virg. B. 5, 75. - supplicatio redditur, Caes. BG. 7, 90, 8: on célèbre les actions de grâces prescrites. - promissa viro reddere, Virg. En. 5, 386: délivrer à qqn la récompense promise. - reddere poenas, Sall. J. 14, 21: subir une punition. - reddere rationem: rendre un compte. - debitum naturae morbo reddere, Nep. Reg. 1: payer sa dette à la nature à la suite d'une maladie, mourir de maladie. [st1]3 [-] rendre (à qqn ce qu'on lui a pris, enlevé), restituer. - reddere captivos, Caes. BG. 7, 90, 3: rendre des prisonniers. - reddi captivos negavit esse utile, Cic. Off. 3: il affirma qu'il n'était pas utile de rendre les prisonniers. - cf. Cic. Phil. 2, 104. - libertatem reddere, Suet. 25: rendre la liberté. - patriam reddere, Liv. 5, 51, 10: rendre la patrie. - suum cuique honorem redditum gaudeo, Cic. Am. 136: je me réjouis que chacun se soit vu restituer ses honneurs. - aliquem patriae reddere, Cic. Mil. 94: rendre qqn à sa patrie. - patriis redditus aris, Virg. En. 11, 269: rendu aux foyers paternels. - cf. Virg. En. 2, 740. - reddar tenebris, Virg. En. 6, 544: je vais rentrer dans les ténèbres (auxquelles je me suis arraché un moment). - Teucrum iterum se reddere in arma, Virg. En. 10, 684: s'exposer de nouveau aux armes des Troyens. - se reddere: revenir, reprendre sa place. - se reddere convivio, Liv. 23, 9, 13: reprendre sa place au banquet. [st1]4 [-] donner en retour, en paiement, en récompense. - is honos non solum... datur, sed... redditur, Cic. Phil. 5, 41: cet honneur, on ne l'accorde pas seulement..., on le rend en paiement... - reddere pretium alicui pro bene factis, Plaut. Cap. 940: récompenser qqn pour ses bons offices. - gratiam alicui reddere, Sall. J. 110, 4: payer qqn de retour, lui manifester sa reconnaissance. [st1]5 [-] placer en regard, en réplique. - paria paribus redduntur, Cic. Or. 164: des membres de phrase égaux se font pendant. [st1]6 [-] placer en retour, retourner, traduire, rendre. - cum, ea quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem, Cic. de Or. 1, 155: alors que je rendais en latin ce que j'avais lu en grec. - verbum pro verbo reddere, Cic.: traduire mot à mot. - cf. Cic. Opt. 5. [st1]7 [-] donner en retour, en écho, répéter. - Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14; S. 2, 8, 80; P. 158. [st1]8 [-] donner en réponse, répliquer (répartir). - Virg. En. 1, 409; 6, 689; 11, 251, etc. [st1]9 [-] donner, produire en retour, renvoyer (des rayons); reproduire, imiter; exprimer, rendre; rendre (un son...). - (gemma) clara repercusso reddebant lumina Phoebo, Ov. M. 2, 110: (des. pierres précieuses) renvoyaient à Phoebus ses rayons brillants qui s'y réfléchissaient. - reddere odorem croci, Plin. 36, 177, reproduire l'odeur du safran. - reddere paternam elegantiam in loquendo, Quint. 1, 1, 6: reproduire dans sa parole la correction paternelle du style. - te nomine reddet, Virg. En. 6, 768: il sera ta reproduction par le nom, il te ressemblera par le nom. - omnes Catilinas, Acidinos postea reddidit, Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3: tous les Catilina, les Acidinus ont reparu dès lors en lui (= il s'est conduit comme...). - toto litore busta surgunt Thessalicis reddentia manibus ignem, Luc. 9, 180: tout le long du rivage, se dressent des bûchers offrant leurs flammes aux mânes de la Thessalie. - ut, quae secum commentatus esset, ea sine scripto verbis eisdem redderet, quibus cogitavisset, Cic. Br. 301: à tel point que, ce qu'il avait préparé (avant de prononcer son discours), il le reproduisait sans aucune note, dans les mêmes termes qu'il l'avait conçu. - cf. Quint. 10, 6, 3 ; 11, 2, 23. - tibiae... alium sonum reddunt, Quint. 11, 3, 20: la flûte rend un son différent. [st1]10 [-] rendre, produire (en parl. du sol). - Ter. Phorm. 680; Col. 2, 16, 2 ; Plin. 18, 87; Quint. 12,10, 25 [st1]11 [-] ramener à un état antérieur, rendre de nouveau. - avec deux acc. reddere aliquem insignem, Virg. En. 5, 705: rendre quelqu'un illustre. - reddam ego te fame mansuetem (= mansuetum), Plaut. As. 1.2.19: je vais te rendre doux en t'affamant. - pecunia homines beatos non reddit: l'argent ne rend pas les hommes heureux. - senem illum tibi dedo ulteriorem, lepide ut lenitum reddas, Plaut. Bac. 1150: je te confie ce vieux là-bas, le second, pour que tu le ramènes à une aimable douceur. - cf. Plaut. Poen. 132. - reddes forte latus, nigros angusta fronte capillos, reddes dulce loqui, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 27, tu referas forte ma poitrine (solides mes poumons), et noirs mes cheveux sur un front étroit, tu referas doux mon parler. - avec ut subj. reddes nobis, ut... fecisti, sic de magistratibus ut disputes... Cic. Leg. 3, 13: tu referas pour nous sur les magistratures, comme tu l'as fait..., un exposé critique.... [st1]12 [-] amener d'un état à un autre, rendre. - petronem et dominum reddam mortales miserrumos, Plaut. Cap. 822: je ferai du bélier et de son maître les êtres les plus misérables. - tutiorem vitam reddere, Cic. Rep. 1, 3: rendre la vie plus sûre. - cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 54; de Or. 2, 8 ; Br. 38; Caes. BC. 3, 79, 4. - homines ex feris mites reddere, Cic. Inv. 1, 2: amener les hommes de la sauvagerie à la douceur. - aliquid effectum reddere, Plaut. Ps. 386: amener une chose à réalisation, effectuer, réaliser. - cf. Plaut. Ps. 530; 1309; Cap. 345, etc. - rare au passif corpus imbecillius redditur, Cels. 3, 3, 19: le corps est affaibli. - cf. Ov. M. 4, 175; Just. 29, 4, 3, etc.. - rart subst. attribut aliquem hostem Romanis reddere, Nep. Han. 2, 1: faire de qqn un ennemi des Romains. - avec ut + subj. mortalem summum fortuna reddidit ut famul infumus esset, Enn. An. 313: la fortune a fait du mortel le plus élevé le plus bas des esclaves. - cf. Ter. And. 389. [st1]13 [-] rendre (à qqn) ce qu'on a reçu, remettre, transmettre. - aliquid alicui reddere: rendre qqch à qqn. - Graeciae veterem statum reddere: rendre à la Grèce son ancien statut. - reddere alicui suum: rendre à qqn son dû. - Cincius eam mihi abs te epistulam reddidit, quam tu dederas, Cic. Att. 1, 20, 1: Cincius m'a remis de ta part la lettre que tu lui avais confiée pour moi. - cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 1; 2, 17, 1; etc. ; Caes. BC. 1, 1, 1; 2, 20, 2, etc. ; Sall. C. 34, 3 ; Liv. 2, 3, 7. [st1]14 [-] donner en retour d'une demande, accorder. - neque his petentibus jus redditur, Caes. BG. 6, 13, 7: on ne leur accorde pas malgré leur demande de solution en justice. - cf. Quint. 11, 2, 60. - reddere judicium, rendre un jugement (en parl. du magistrat à qui on vient demander justice). - Ter. Phorm. 404: Quint. 7, 4, 43; Tac. An. 1, 72. - jus reddere, Tac. An. 6, 11: rendre la justice. - judicia in privatos reddere, Caes. BC. 2, 18, 5: rendre des jugements contre les particuliers. [st1]15 [-] rapporter, exposer. - reddere = referre. - causas corruptae eloquentiae, Quint. 8, 6, 76: rapporter les raisons de la corruption de l'éloquence. - aliquid suo loco reddere, Tac. H. 4, 67: raconter une chose en son lieu. - quae suis locis reddam, Plin.: ce que j'exposerai en son temps et lieu. [st1]16 [-] faire sortir au-dehors, rendre. - animas reddunt, Virg. G. 3, 495: ils exhalent leur souffle, leur vie. - cf. Ov. P 2, 11, 7. - sanguinem reddere, Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 6: rendre, vomir du sang. - ex alto luco vox reddita est, Virg. En. 7, 95: des profondeurs du bois sortit une voix. - cf. Virg. En. 3, 40. [st1]17 [-] placer à part, assigner en propre (en lot). - Plaut. St. 181; Lucr. 1, 203; 2, 65, etc. ; Cic. Nat. 1, 103 ; Virg. En. 12, 817.* * *Reddo, reddis, reddidi, redditum, pen. corr. reddere. Terent. Rendre.\- regulas dominus indiligens Reddere alias ne volt. Plaut. N'en veult point remettre d'autres.\Quae suis locis reddam. Plin. Que je reciteray, etc. Desquels je parleray en leur lieu.\Aliquem reddere. Plin. iun. Resembler à aucun, Luy retirer.\Inter aquaticas aues mergi soliti sunt deuorare quae caeterae reddunt. Plin. La fiente des autres oiseaulx.\Anhelitum reddere. Plin. Jecter hors son haleine, Respirer.\Animam reddere. Cic. Jecter son vent et haleine.\Animam reddere. Virgil. Mourir, Rendre l'ame.\Reddidisti animum. Terent. Tu m'as faict revenir le courage.\Beneficium reddere. Terent. Rendre le plaisir.\Clamorem reddere. Liuius. Crier.\Vini colorem reddit. Plin. Il resemble, ou retire à la couleur du vin.\Colori reddere. Plin. Rebailler couleur, Faire revenir la couleur.\Commotum reddere. Terent. Avancer aucun d'aller, Le faire haster.\Conciliatum reddere animum alicuius. Cic. Appaiser aucun.\Se conuiuio reddere. Liu. Se trouver au banquet.\Crepitum reddere. Plin. Peter.\Delibutum gaudio reddere. Terent. Remplir de joye.\Depositum reddere. Cic. Rendre ce qu'on nous a baillé en garde.\Dictata reddere magistro. Horat. Rendre sa lecon au maistre d'escole.\Dictum ac factum reddere. Terent. Dire ce qu'il fault dire, et faire ce qu'il fault faire, Despescher et vuider quelque affaire.\Dubia omnia reddere. Cic. Mettre tout en doubte.\Eloquentiam alicuius eloquentiorem reddere. Quintil. Estre plus eloquent que luy.\Epistolam reddere. Cic. Bailler une paire de lettres à celuy à qui on nous avoit enchargé de les bailler.\Excrementa reddere. Plin. Faire son ordure.\Exemplum ac effigiem virtutis alicuius reddere. Liu. Representer, Monstrer la semblance.\Exequias reddere. Ouid. Faire les funerailles à un trespassé.\Ferociorem aliquem reddere. Cic. Le faire plus, etc.\Ferro reddere vitam. Cic. Estre tué de glaive.\Fimum reddere. Plin. Faire son ordure, Fienter.\Gratiam reddere. Columel. Rendre le plaisir.\Vxores grauidas reddere. Lucret. Engrossir.\Humorem reddere. Plin. Pisser.\Imaginem reddere. Plin. Representer.\Impendium reddere vsque ad assem. Plin. Rendre jusques au dernier denier ce qui a esté despendu.\Impetratum reddere aliquid alicui. Plaut. Luy impetrer quelque chose.\Incerta omnia reddere. Cic. Mettre tout en doubte.\Infectum reddere. Horatius. Faire que quelque chose n'ait point esté faicte.\Latine reddere. Cic. Tourner en Latin.\Literas reddere. Caesar. Bailler une paire de lettres à celuy à qui on nous avoit enchargé de les bailler.\Meliorem aliquem reddere. Cic. Le faire meilleur.\Nitore reddere. Plin. Rendre la beaulté et splendeur qu'on avoit paravant.\Huic nomen M. Varro reddidit Strabonem vocatum. Plin. Varro a escript le nom de cestuy, disant qu'il s'appeloit Strabo.\Omnibus in exercitu suo militibus nomina reddidit. Pli. Les a appelez touts par leurs noms.\Reddere aliquem nomine. Virgil. Avoir tel nom que luy.\Odorem croci reddit. Plin. Il flaire comme le safran.\Onera ciborum reddere. Plin. Faire son ordure.\Operam reddere. Plaut. Rendre la pareille.\Operas reddere. Cic. Achever sa tasche.\Otiosum aliquem reddere. Cicero. Le mettre hors d'ennuy, de soulci et de pensement.\Paria reddere in vtranque partem. Cic. Faire tout egual.\Partum reddere. Plin. Enfanter.\Perfectum reddere aliquid. Plaut. Parfaire.\Modio tritici panis pondo triginta reddit. Plinius. Rend le poix de, etc.\Promissa reddere alicui. Virgil. Tenir sa promesse.\Rationem reddere. Plin. Rendre compte, Dire la cause.\Sanguinem reddere. Plin. iunior. Saigner.\Panax piperis saporem reddit. Plin. Ha la saveur de poivre.\Sepulchro corpus reddere. Virgil. Mettre dedens le sepulchre.\Sonum reddere. Plin. Faire son.\Spiritum reddere alicui. Liu. S'exposer en danger de mort pour luy.\Te vacuum redde nobis. Cic. Viens et rends toy à nous delivré de tout affaire.\Reddere verbum pro verbo. Cic. Rendre mot pour mot, en translatant un livre d'un langage en autre, Translater de mot à mot.\Vicem reddere meritis. Ouid. Rendre la pareille.\Vicem alterius rei reddere. Plin. Servir au lieu d'elle.\Commanducata, croci vim reddit. Plin. Elle ha la force de safran.\Vitam reddere pro Repub. Cic. Mourir pour la Republique.\Vocem humanam reddere. Plin. Contrefaire la voix d'un homme, Parler comme un homme.\Vota reddere. Cic. Accomplir ses veux.\Vrinam reddere. Plin. Pisser.\Reddere aliquid sine scripto. Cic. Dire par coeur.\Inter philosophos reddendus est. Quintil. Il fault parler de luy entre les philosophes.\Reddit ager. Varro. Rapporte, ou rend. -
43 ad
1. ad = at, w.s.————————2. ad (altlat. ar, w.s., urspr. wohl at [vgl. at -avus ], gotisch at), Praep. m. Acc., bezeichnet zunächst die im Werden begriffene Annäherung, d.h. Richtung in der Bewegung u. Ausdehnung zu oder nach einem Ziele, dann aber auch die vollendete Annäherung, d.h. Richtung in der Ruhe = Nähe bei einem Punkte, deutsch zu, nach, an (Ggstz. in m. Akk.; vgl. Sen. ep. 73, 16: deus ad homines venit: immo, quod est propius, in homines), I) im Raume: A) eig.: 1) zur Bezeichnung der Richtung in der Bewegung und Ausdehnung: a) in der Bewegung, zu, nach, an, nach od. an... hin, nach od. auf... zu, auf... los, accedere ad aedes has, Plaut., ad flammam, Ter., ad Aquinum, Cic.: proficisci ad eum fundum, ad Capuam, Cic.: proficisci ad Syphacem, auf den S. losmarschieren, Liv.: venire ad Cn. Pompei castra, Cic.: venire ad alqm, zu jmd., Cic., auf jmd. los, Caes.: concurrere ad curiam, Cic.: reverti ad alqm, Caes.: transcurrere ad forum, Ter. – ire visere ad alqm, zu jmd., Ter.: ire ad hostem, auf den F. los, Liv. – spectare, despicere ad alqm, Plaut.: u. spectare ad orientem solem, liegen nach usw. (v. Örtl.), Caes.: u. ebenso vergere ad septentriones, Caes., ad Atticam, Plin. – ducere cohortem ad eam partem munitionis, quae etc., Caes.: ducere legiones ad hostem, auf den F. los, gegen den F., Liv. – mittere legatos ad alqm, Caes.: mittere librum————ad alqm, an jmd. schicken, ihm widmen, Cic.: dah. ellipt. libri ad Rhodios (sc. missi), an die Rh., Nep., und auf Büchertiteln, M. Tulli Ciceronis ad M. Brutum orator u. dgl. – tendere manus ad caelum, Caes.: convertere simulacrum Iovis ad orientem, Cic.: vertier (verti) ad lapidem, Lucr. – beim Genet. v. Götternamen mit Auslassung von aedem, zB. ad Dianae (sc. aedem) venire, Ter. – in der Umgangsspr., bei Pers., bes. beim pron. pers., zur Bezeichnung der Wohnung, ad me, ad te, ad se, ad vos, zu mir usw. = in mein Haus (chez moi), Komik., Cic. u.a. – b) in der Ausdehnung, bis zu, bis nach, bis an, bis auf, ab angulo castrorum ad flumen, Caes. – a Salonis ad Oricum, Caes. – m. usque, dona usque ad Numantiam misit ex Asia, Cic.: ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum, Cic.2) zur Bezeichnung der Annäherung, Richtung in der Ruhe = a) bei, an, vor, sedere ad latus eius, Cic.: iacēre ad pedes alcis, Cic.: u. iacēre od. esse ad meridiem, gegen M. (v. Örtl.), Varr. LL. u. Liv.: habere hortos ad Tiberim, Cic.: villa, quae est ad Baulos, Cic.: u. istos libros legit ad Misenum, bei M. = auf dem Landgute bei M., Cic.: pugna ad Trebiam, Liv.: ad Nolam proelium, Cic.: victoria ad Cannas, Liv. – adesse ad portam, Cic.: esse ad dextram, Cic., ad laevam, Plaut.: esse ad manum (s. manus), Cic.: manere ad regem, Liv., ad exercitum, Caes.: segnius bellum————ad hostes apparatur, Liv.: tantum esse nomen eius exercitus etiam ad ultimas Germanorum nationes, Caes.: ut esset ad posteros miraculi eius monumentum, Liv.: iactantia gloriaque ad posteros, Tac. – bes., esse ad urbem, v. röm. Magistratspers., die mit Gefolge u. Militärbefehl reisen u. an einem Orte ihr Standquartier aufschlagen, Cic.: u. esse od. remanere ad urbem, esse ad portas, v. Feldherrn, der mit dem Oberbefehle vor Rom weilt, aber als solcher in die Stadt zu kommen nicht berechtigt ist, Cic. – esse ad alqm, bei jmd. (im Hause als Besuchender) sein, Cic.: ebenso cenare ad alqm, Gell. – u. oft ad alqm = bei, vor jmd., zur Bezeichnung der Pers., unter deren Leitung, Teilnahme usw. etwas vorgeht (s. Brix Plaut. capt. prol. 49), excusationem quaerere ad Brutum, Cic.: ad iudicem agere, Cic.: ad tibicinem hostias immolare, unter Begleitung eines Flötenspielers, Cic. – ebenso ad alqd, bei, zu etw., zur Bezeichnung des Ggstnds., unter dessen Einflusse etwas vorgeht (s. Fritzsche zu Hor. sat. 2, 8, 32), ad vinum, beim W., ad lumina, beim L., Cic.: ad tibiam, zur Flöte, unter Flötenbegleitung, Cic.: ad lychnuchum ligneolum, Cic.: ad lunam, Verg. u. Hor.: ad lunae lumina, Ov. – b) an = auf, in (s. Brix Plaut. mil. 930. Halm Cic. Rosc. Am. 44), ad forum, Ter.: ad villam, Cic.: ad portum, Plaut.: ad aedem Felicitatis, Cic.: ad orientem, im O., Liv. epit.: ad omnia deorum templa,————Cic.: u. so ellipt., ad Castoris (sc. aedem), Cic. – u. zur Bezeichnung v. Örtl., ad capita bubula, zu den O., Suet.: ad gallinas, Plin.B) übtr.: 1) von der Richtung in der Bewegung, Ausdehnung: a) von der Richtung in der Bewegung: α) übh., nach den Verben, die ein Bewegen, Antreiben usw. zu etw. anzeigen, wie movere, commovere, mutare, ducere, inducere, impellere, hortari, adhortari, admonere, invitare u.a. (w.s.). – β) zur Angabe des Strebens und der Neigung, bei den Substst. cupiditas, aviditas, alacritas u.a. (w.s.). – bei den Adjj. avidus, propensus, intentus, acer u.a. (w.s.). – bei Verben, wie provincia summā contentione ad officia certans, Planc. bei Cic. – γ) zur Angabe der Bestimmung, des Endzwecks, der Absicht, zu, für, bei Substst. (bes. ad mit folg. Gerund. od. Gerundiv.), jedoch fast immer durch ein Verbum gestützt (s. Spengel Ter. Andr. 138), mentis ad omnia caecitas, Cic.: ad auxilium copia, Ter.: ad narrandum benignitas, Plaut.: adiutorem esse ad iniuriam, Cic.: ne irato facultas ad dicendum data esse videatur, Cic.: occasionem ad rem gerendam fore, Cic.: argumentum ad scribendum alci deest, Cic. – bei Adjj., wie natus, factus, doctus, aptus, idoneus, utilis u.a. (w.s.). – nach Verben, wie adiuvare, conferre, facere, conficere, esse (dienen), pertinere u.a. (w.s.). – ebenso nach den Verben deposcere, decernere, deligere u.a. (w.s.). –————oft ad id, dazu, deshalb, zu dem Zwecke, ad id fabrefacta navigia, Liv.: duae cohortes ad id ipsum (eigens dazu) instructae intus, Liv.: qui ad id missi erant, Liv. (vgl. Fabri zu Liv. 24, 48, 7 u. Hand Tursell. 1, 126). – u. quid ad rem? was macht das? Cic.: quid ad me? was geht mich das an? Cic. – dah. αα) bei Mitteln, bes. Heilmitteln, zu, für, gegen, quae sint animadversa a medicis... radicum genera ad morsus bestiarum, ad oculorum morbos etc., Cic.: remedium ad tertianam, Petr. – u. auch hier nach Verben, wie esse (sein = dienen), valere, posse, proficere u.a. (w.s.). – ββ) zur Angabe des Geschäfts, zu dem jmd. od. etw. bestimmt od. verwendet wird, zu, alere canes ad venandum, Jagdhunde, Ter.: servos ad remum dare, Liv.: argentum ad vescendum factum, silbernes Tafelgeschirr, Liv. – δ) zur Angabe der Beziehung einer Sache auf eine andere, αα) in bezug, in Hinsicht (im Hinblick) od. Rücksicht auf etw., hinsichtlich, in betreff einer Sache, gegen etw. (s. Schömann Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 155. Schneider Caes. b.G. 5, 1. § 2 u. 3. Fabri Liv. 21, 57, 6. Fritzsche Hor. sat. 2, 2, 108. Heräus Tac. hist. 2, 97, 7. Nägelsb. Stil. § 122, 2), bei Substst., maxima praemia vel ad gratiam vel ad opes vel ad dignitatem, Cic. – nomina ad aliquid (ὀνόματα πρός τι), relative, Quint. – bei Adjj. (s. Wagner Ter. heaut. 370. Meißner Cic. Tusc. 2, 15. Holstein Cic. de fin. 2, 63. Mül-————ler Liv. 1, 4, 8. Fabri Liv. 21, 25, 6. Benecke Iustin. 25, 4, 3), insignes ad laudem viri, Cic.: impiger ad labores belli, Cic.: tutus ad ictus, Liv.: modestus ad omnia alia, Ter.: vir ad cetera egregius, Liv.: ad verborum linguaeque certamina rudes, Liv. – bei Verben, non comparandus hic ad illum est, Ter. – elliptisch, non ad Q. Maximi sapientiam, neque ad illius superioris Africani in re gerunda celeritatem, Cic. – ββ) im Verhältnis zu, im Vergleich mit od. zu, gegen, entsprechend (s. Brix Plaut. trin. 873. Halm u. Richter Cic. Verr. 5, 25. Madvig Cic. de fin. 3, 52. Meißner Cic. Tusc. 1, 40. Benecke Cic. Cat. 1, 12. Müller Liv. 1, 8, 4. Fabri Liv. 22, 22, 15), terram ad universi caeli complexum quasi puncti instar obtinere, Cic.: scuta ad amplitudinem corporum parum lata, Liv.: quid ad primum consulatum secundus? Liv.: ellipt. (s. Sorof Cic. de or. 2, 25), at nihil ad nostram hanc, Ter.: quem cognovimus virum bonum et non illitteratum, sed nihil ad Persium, Cic. – u. bei Gegenüberstellung zweier Verhältnisse, quomodo od. sicut od. ut... sic od. ita ad, wie... so zu, quomodo est filius ad patrem, sic est filia ad matrem, Varr. LL. 10. § 41: est ad unum victoriatum denarius, sicut ad alterum victoriatum alter denarius, ibid.: ut unum ad duo, sic decem ad viginti, ibid. § 45: ut unum ad decem, ita decem ad centum, Quint. 5, 11, 34. – b) von der Ausdehnung und Steigerung, bis zu, bis auf, α) übh.:————pulli usque ad cinerem ambusti, Plin.: usque ad mortem multare alqm, Ter.: virgis ad necem caedi, Cic. – ad extremum, ad ultimum, »bis aufs äußerste, äußerst = im höchsten Grade«, homo non ad extremum perditus, Liv.: consilium non ad ultimum demens, Liv. – u. ad ultimum, »aufs äußerste = wenn es zum Äußersten kommt«, Curt. – ad summam, »aufs ganze = im ganzen, überhaupt«, Cic. u.a. – β) bei Maßbestimmungen: decoquere ad tertiam partem, Varr.: scrobem ad medium complere, Liv.: ad plenum, Hor. – γ) bei Zahl- u. Geldbestimmungen: αα) zur Angabe des Eintreffens auf eine gewisse Zahl usw., bis zu, bis auf, eadem ad decem homines servabitur portio, Curt.: ad assem perdere, Hor.: ad nummum convenit, Cic.: ad unum (unam) omnes, alle bis auf einen, d.i. bis auf den letzten, Cic.: u. so bl. ad unum, Cic.: ad impuberes, bis auf die Nichtmannbaren, mit Einschluß der N., Caes. – ββ) zur Angabe der Annäherung an eine bestimmte Zahl bis zu, an die, nahe an, nummum Philippeum ad tria milia, Plaut.: quasi talenta ad quindecim, Ter.: (fuimus) omnino ad ducentos, Cic.: cum annos ad L natus esset, Cic. – dah. auch adv. (s. Fabri zu Liv. 22, 41, 2), occisis ad hominum milibus quattuor, Caes.: ad mille ducenti eo proelio ceciderunt, Liv.2) vom Nebeneinanderstellen u. Nahekommen von Ggstndn.: a) zur Angabe der annähernden Ähnlich-————keit (s. Brix Plaut. trin. 873), nach, ut emerem ancillam ad istam faciem, Plaut.: et idem alterum (quaero) ad istanc capitis albitudinem, einen Graukopf etwa wie du, Plaut. – b) zur Angabe dessen, was zu od. bei etw. noch hinzutritt, zu, bei, neben, außer, ad cetera hanc quoque plagam infligere, Cic.: quod ad ius civile pontificium appetatis, Cic.: hoc unum ad pristinam fortunam defuit, Caes. – nisi quid vis od. vultis ad haec, Cic. – dah. ad hoc, ad haec, »zudem, überdies«, Sall. u. Liv.: ad id quod, »außerdem, daß«, usw., Liv.: ad omnia, ad cetera, Liv. (vgl. Hand Tursell. 1, 125). – c) zur Angabe der äußern Veranlassung, auf, bei, auf... hin, infolge, auf Veranlassung, aus, vor (s. Müller Liv. 1, 39, 2. Fabri Liv. 21, 41, 3), respondere, breviter disserere ad alqd, Cic.: ad famam belli novas legiones scribere, Liv.: ad ducis casum perculsa magis, quam irritata est multitudo, Liv. – oder zur Angabe des innern Beweggrundes, auf... hin, aus, vor (s. Müller Liv. 1, 7, 7. Weißenb. Liv. 42, 20, 1), quae (urbes) ad spem diuturnitatis conderentur, Cic.: seu ad metum virium seu ad spem veniae cum dedissent sese, Liv.: in suspensa civitate ad exspectationem novi belli, Liv. – d) zur Angabe der Richtschnur, nach der etw. geschieht, gemäß, nach (Ggstz. contra; s. Drak. Liv. 7, 2, 10. Schuch Apic. 5. § 186), ad perpendiculum, ad lineam, Cic.: ad istorum normam, Cic.: ad voluntatem loqui————omnia, Cic.: agere ad praescriptum, Caes.: ad edictum convenire, Liv.: ad manum cantare, ad hunc modum, auf diese W., Cic.: ad tempus, der Zeit gemäß, nach Umständen, Cic. (vgl. unten no. II, 1, b u. no. II, 1, a): ad verbum, wörtlich (zB. ediscere), Cic. (vgl. verbum no. I, b, γ): ad litteras, buchstäblich, Quint. 9, 1, 25.II) in der Zeit: 1) zur Angabe der Ausdehnung bis zu einem Zeitpunkt: a) mit Rücksicht auf die dazwischen verfließende Zeit, bis zu, bis an, bis auf, bis gegen, ab consulatu eius usque ad extremum tempus, Nep.: ab initio rerum Rom. usque ad P. Mucium pont. max., Cic.: ab hora octava ad vesperum, Cic.: ab condita urbe ad liberatam, Cic. – usque ad hanc aetatem, Cic.: ad summam senectutem, Cic.: ad vesperum, ad multam noctem, Cic.: ad id tempus, ad hoc tempus, bis jetzt, bisher, Caes. u.a.: so auch ad id locorum, Sall. u. Liv.: u. so bl. ad id, ad hoc, Liv. (s. Fabri Liv. 21, 52, 6): ad eum finem, dum etc., Cic.: quem ad finem? wie lange? Cic. – b) mit Rücksicht auf die Währung der Zeit, auf, für, ad exiguum tempus, Cic.: ad breve tempus, Plin.: ad paucos dies, Cic.: ad quoddam tempus, auf einige Zeit, Cic.: ad annos DC, Cic.: ad tempus, auf Zeit (nicht auf die Dauer), Cic.: ad praesens, Cic. 2) zur Angabe des Eintretens auf od. nach einem Zeitpunkt: a) zu, auf, an, nos hic te ad mensem Ianuarium exspectamus, Cic.: te————Laodiceae fore ad meum adventum, bei m.A., Cic.: ad aestatem, Liv.: ad lucem, zum Morgen, am Morgen, Cic.: ad meridiem, Plaut.: ad vesperum, Cic.: ad diem dictam, Cic.: ad diem, Cic.: ad (an) eum diem, Tac.: ad praedictum tempus, Liv.: ad tempus, zur gehörigen Zeit, Cic. – ad extremum, Cic. u. Liv., ad ultimum, Liv., ad postremum, Liv., zuletzt (s. Müller Liv. 1, 33, 5). – b) nach, über, binnen (s. Lachm. Lucr. 2, 44. p. 79), ad annum tribunum pl. fore, Cic.: utrum illuc nunc veniam, an ad annos decem, Cic.: ad punctum temporis, binnen od. in einem Augenblick, Cic.: ad Kalendas Graecas, s. Calendae. – ⇒ ad seinem Pronom. od. Subst. nachgesetzt, quem ad, Plaut. Bacch. 176: quam ad, Ter. Phorm. 524: quos ad, Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 10: ripam ad Araxis, Tac. ann. 12, 51. – od. zwischen Adjekt. u. Subst., augendam ad invidiam, Tac. ann. 12, 8.In der Zusammensetzung bezeichnet ad ebenfalls eine Annäherung, heran, herzu, herbei, dabei, zB. accedere, adstare (astare). – dah. auch ein Streben, eine Neigung, s. adamo, accredo u.a. – eine Vermehrung, hinzu, zB. adicere, assumere.⇒ Die Schreibung at (gegen Quint. 1, 7, 5. Prob. inst. (IV) 145, 8 sq. Caper (VII) 95, 14. Vel. Long. (VII) 69, 23. Scaur. de orth. (VII) 154, 15), zB. Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 1252; 2, 4514; 3, 536 u. 3.; in Handschriften, s. Ribbeck, Prolegg. Verg. p. 396. Wagner————Orthogr. Verg. p. 426. -
44 commuto
com-mūto, āvī, ātum, āre, umbewegen, I) machen, daß etw. anders wird, als es bisher war, etw. umwandeln, verwandeln, umändern, verändern, sowohl übh. als im Sinne des Verbesserns od. Verschlechterns, Verfälschens, verba, Varr. LL.: cursum (Fahrt, Kurs), Cic.: iter, Caes.: omnia (v. d. Natur), Lucr.: signa rerum (v. Dieben), Cic.: delubrum, umbauen, Plin. pan.: nihil in tecto, Nep.: multa in re militari, Suet.: se, verderben (v. Früchten), Varr.: tabulas publicas, verfälschen, Cic.: so auch indicium (die Aussage), Cic. – c. alqm in avem, Hyg.: alqm in speciem arboris eam, unde myrrha fluit, Hyg. – commutata fortuna, Caes.: annona commutatur, schlägt um, Cic.: tempus commutatur, Caes.: tempora (Zeitumstände) in horas commutantur, verändern sich mit jeder Stunde, Cic. – c. belli rationem, Caes.: vitae statum, Nep.: rei publicae statum, rem publicam, Cic.: iura omnia et consuetudinem superiorum, Cic. – u. librum legi et annotavi, quae commutanda, quae eximenda arbitrarer, Plin. ep. – u. v. der Veränderung, Umwandlung der Ansicht, Gesinnung usw., c. consilium, Caes.: te tam vehementer sententiam commutasse, Cic.: quo facto commutatā omnium voluntate et opinione, Caes.: c. animos atque omni ratione flectere (v. Redner), Cic.: nihil commutari animo, Cic.: totum commutatum esse et scriptis alcis et assi-————duitate orationis et praeceptis, Cic.: commutari ex veris in falsa, Cic. – absol. (als rhet. t. t.), commutabimus (wir werden den Ausdruck verändern) tripliciter, verbis, pronuntiando, tractando, Cornif. rhet. 4, 54. – II) machen, daß etwas mit einem andern wechselt, etw. umwechseln, wechseln, umtauschen, vertauschen, etw. für etw. im Tausch hingeben, gegen etw. eintauschen, a) übh.: pallium, Plaut.: locum, Ter.: colorem, die F. wechseln, Plaut.: captivos, auswechseln, Cic. u. Liv. epit.: verbum, Cic.: vitam, sterben, Lact. – m. Ang. mit wem? durch cum m. Abl., m. Ang. zwischen wem? durch inter m. Akk., loricam cum alqo, Iustin.: inter se vestem ac nomina, Plaut. – m. Ang. womit? durch cum m. Abl., mortem cum vita, Sulpic. in Cic. ep.: gloriam constantiae cum caritate vitae, Cic. – m. Ang. womit? wofür? wogegen? durch Abl., mustum aere, gegen Geld v., verhandeln, Col.: fidem suam et religionem pecuniā, Cic.: studium belli gerendi agri culturā, Caes.: proprium (verbum) proprio, Cic.: leve compendium maximā fraude, einen geringen Vorteil mit dem gr. Betr. erkaufen, Cornif. rhet. – m. Ang. wofür? durch pro m. Abl., vinum pro oleo, ICt. – absol., vin commutemus (wollen wir tauschen)? tuam ego ducam et tu meam? Plaut. trin. 59. – b) Worte (des Vorwurfs) wechseln, numquam hodie tecum commutaturum patrem unum esse verbum, Ter. Andr. 410: ut est ille bonus vir, tria————non commutabitis verba hodie inter vos, Ter. Phorm. 638. -
45 in
1. in, Praepos. mit Acc. = είς, u. mit Abl. = εν in, I) mit Acc. = in das Innere eines Raumes (sei es eine Tiefe od. Fläche) hinein (Ggstz. ad, das nur die Annäherung eines Gegenstandes bezeichnet), in, auf, nach, gegen, A) im Raume (als Tiefe od. Fläche): 1) zur Angabe der Bewegung: ad urbem vel potius in urbem exercitum adducere, Cic.: deus ad homines venit, immo, quod propius est, in homines, Sen.: in umeros suos efferre, Cic.: in aram confugere, auf den A. (auf die Stufen des A.), Nep.: mittere in Asiam, Nep. – eine Menge als Raum gedacht, se in medios hostes immittere, Cic.2) (wie είς) zur Angabe der Richtung = hin... zu, nach... hin, nach, wärts, conspicere sursum in caelum, Plaut.: in orientem, Tac.: – in agrum, s. ager no. I, d u. e. – in latus, seitwärts, Cels. u. Quint.: in dextrum, in sinistrum (laevum), rechts, links, Cels., Stat. u.a. – in ventum, windwärts, Lucan. – dah. in... versus = nach... hin, wärts (zur genauern Bestimmung der Richtung), in Galliam versus, Sall.: in Italiam versus, Serv. in Cic. ep.: in meridiem versus, Curt.B) in der Zeit: 1) zur Angabe der Zeit, bis in die hinein sich etw. erstreckt = in... hinein, bis in... hinein, dormire in lucem (Tag), Hor.: dicere in noctem, Plin. ep.: boves pariunt in decem annos, Col.: alqd in omne tempus perdidisse, in alle Zeit hinein = für alle————Zeit, für immer, Cic.2) zur Angabe des Zeitpunktes, der für etw. od. für den etwas bestimmt ist = für, auf, magistratum creare in annum, Liv. (vgl. Drak. Liv. 4, 55, 6): in multos annos praedicere, Cic.: alqm invitare in posterum diem, Cic.: differre alqd in posterum diem, Cic., in crastinum, Cic. – m. usque = bis auf, wie usque in adventum eius tenuit urbem, Liv. – So insbes., in diem, α) auf einen Tag = auf kurze Zeit, auf heute, Liv. u. Ov.: in diem vivere, nur für den Tag, in den Tag hinein, Cic. u.a. – β) = auf einen bestimmten Tag, Zahlungstermin, fundum emere in diem, Nep. γ) Tag für Tag, täglich, in diem rapto vivere, Liv.: in diem et horam, Hor. δ) (= in diem futurum) fürs künftige, für die Zukunft, in diem istuc est fortasse, quod minaris, Ter.: in diem poenas praesentis fraudis di reservant, Cic. ε) von Tag zu Tag, Plin. 5, 73. – in dies od. in singulos dies, αα) = auf einzelne Tage, von Tag zu Tag (Ggstz. in perpetuum), Cic. u.a. ββ) = mit jedem einzelnen Tage, täglich, Cic. – in horas, stündlich, Hor. – in singulos annos, von Jahr zu Jahr, Jahr für Jahr, Liv. – in tempus, für die Umstände, Cic.: praesens in tempus, Cic. – so auch in futurum, in posterum, in aeternum, in perpetuum, in praesens, s. futurus etc.C) in andern Verhältnissen: 1) bei Angabe räumlicher Größen zur Bezeichnung der Richtung nach————irgend einer Dimension = in, in longitudinem (in die od. in der L.) milia passuum CCXL, in latitudinem CLXXX patēre, Caes.: murum in altitudinem pedum sedecim fossamque perducit, Caes.; vgl. Drak. Liv. 38, 59, 6.2) zur Angabe des Übergangs aus einem in das andere (in eine andere Gestalt, einen andern Zustand usw.) = in, mutare in alqm od. alqd, s. muto: in sollicitudinem versa fiducia est, Curt.3) zur Bezeichnung der Teile, auf die sich eine Einteilung erstreckt, in die sie das Ganze zerlegt = in, Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, Caes.: in duodecim menses describere annum, Cic. – ebenso bei Verteilung zur Bezeichnung der einzelnen, denen etwas zugeteilt wird = auf, describere censores binos in singulas civitates, zwei Z. auf jeden einzelnen St., Cic.: sextantes conferuntur in capita, auf den K. (Mann), kopfweise, Liv.: quaternos denarios in singulas vini amphoras portorii nomine exigere, Liv.: frumentum assibus in modios aestimatum, Liv.4) zur Angabe der Bestimmung, des Endzwecks, wozu etwas dienen soll od. geschieht = zu, für, behufs, nullam pecuniam Gabinio, nisi in rem militarem datam, Cic.: alqo mitti in praesidium (zur Besatzung), Liv.: in supplementum classis dari, Liv.: alqm in id certamen legere, Liv.: in spem genitus, auf die Hoffnung hin, Curt.: in spem victoriae, Curt.: prae-————cepta dare in alqd (in Beziehung auf etwas), Cic.: in haec obsides accepti, dafür, deshalb, Cic.; vgl. unten nach no. 6 die Anmerkg. ⇒ a. E. – dah. auch zur Bezeichnung des beabsichtigten od. unbeabsichtigten Erfolgs einer Handlung = zu, wegen (klass. alcis rei causā), cibo in vitam, non in voluptatem uti, Vell.: turres in propugnaculum villae subiectae, Sen.: in hoc, Hor., Ov., Vell. u.a.; vgl. die Beispielsammlung Madvigs in dessen Opusc. I. p. 167 (nach dem Cic. Clu. 188 in familiae luctum atque in privignorum funus nupsit = in lugentem [morte filiorum] familiam innupsit).5) zur Angabe des Angemessenen, der Beschaffenheit, der Art u. Weise des Geschehens, a) = gemäß, in rem esse, dem Interesse gemäß, sachgemäß sein, Komik., Sall. u.a. (s. die Auslgg. zu Liv. 22, 3, 2 u. zu Sall. Cat. 20, 1). – tradere regnum in fidem alcis, seinem Worte gemäß = auf sein Wort, Sall. – b) = auf, nach, vaticinantis in modum, Liv.: hostilem in modum, Liv.: praeclara classis in speciem, Cic. – in eandem sententiam loqui, Cic.: iudicium accipere in ea ipsa verba, quae Naevius edebat, Cic.: foedus in haec verba fere conscriptum, Liv.: iurare in verba alcis, auf die W., Hor. u.a. – in plumam, nach Art der F., wie die F., Verg.: in barbarum, nach Art eines B., wie ein B., Tac. (vgl. Oudend. Apul. met. 3, 10. p. 191. Hildebr. Apul. met. 6, 29. p.————504). – so auch in universum, im ganzen, im allgemeinen, Liv.: in vicem, Cic. u. Caes., od. in vices, Ov., wechselweise.6) zur Bezeichnung des Gegenstandes (gleichs. des Ortes), auf den Handlungen od. Gemütsstimmungen, freundliche od. feindliche, gerichtet sind = gegen, a) Handlungen: alqm in os laudare, ins Gesicht loben (κατὰ στόμα επαινειν), Ter. – de servis quaerere in dominos, Cic.: in consules designatos legem decernere, Cic.: carmen scribere in alqm, gegen od. auf jmd., Nep. – b) Gemütsstimmungen: bono animo esse in alqm, Caes.: impietas in deos, Cic.: amor in patriam, Cic.: munificentia in alqm, Sall.: perindulgens in patrem, acerbe severus in filium, Cic.⇒ in mit Akk. steht (wie εἰς) zuw. da, wo das Verbum, auf das es sich bezieht, nicht eine Bezeichnung der Richtung wohin? sondern die Angabe des wo? also in mit Abl. zu erfordern scheint; wobei eine Prägnanz der Konstruktion zugrunde liegt, indem sich der Begriff einer Bewegung mit einmischt, wie: alqm in carcerem asservari iubere, in das G. bringen u. dort verwahren lassen, Liv.: in Tusculanum futurum esse, kommen wollen, Cic.: adesse in senatum, in den S. gehen od. zum S. kommen, Cic.: esse (= venisse) in potestatem, gekommen sein, Cic. u.a.: ebenso habere in potestatem, bekommen haben, Sall. u.a. (vgl. Drak. Liv. 2, 14, 4): alci esse in mentem, in die————Gedanken kommen, einfallen, Plaut.: alci in conspectum esse, Suet. u. dgl. – Als Acc. der Bestimmung, des Endzwecks (s. oben no. C, 4) sind aber zu erklären: Galliam retinere in senatus populique Romani potestatem, Cic.: ferri lecticulā ut in funebrem pompam, Tac.: in medium relinquere, unentschieden lassen, Tac.: probari in vulgus, in vulgus gratum esse, in vulgus ignotus, beim V., Cic.: res esse in vadimonium coepit, es kam zum Bürgenstellen, Cic.II) mit Abl. = εν, zur Bezeichnung des Seins in einem Raume, im Innern einer Sache (wobei das Innere nicht bloß als das einer Tiefe, sondern auch als das einer Fläche [das, was innerhalb des Umfangs derselben ist] zu denken), A) im Raume: 1) im allg., in, an, auf, esse in Sicilia, Cic.: dicere in senatu, Cic.: coronam habere unam in capite (auf dem K.), alteram in collo (an dem H.), Cic.: sedere in solio, Cic.: navigare in Italia, an J., an der Küste von I., Cic.: castra in limite locat, an dem Grenzwall, Tac. – zuw. = vor, unter, in oculis esse, vor Augen sein (bildl.), Cic.: in manibus habere (eig. u. bildl., s. manus), Cic.2) (wie εν) von dem Umgebensein von-, Stecken usw. in einer Kleidung = in, mit, esse in veste domestica, Ov.: in lugubri veste, Curt.: in crepidis, Suet.: in Persico et vulgari habitu, Curt.: formari in cornibus, Ov. – in Waffen, in, mit, unter, patriis ad Troiam missus in armis, Verg.: horridus in iaculis,————Verg.: excubare in armis, Caes. – in Fesseln u. Banden = in, in vinculis et catenis esse, Liv.B) in der Zeit: 1) zur Angabe der Zeit, a) im Verlaufe od. während deren etwas geschieht = im Verlaufe, innerhalb, während, in multis annis, Nep.: in omni aetate, in extremo tempore aetatis, Cic.: in sex mensibus, Cic.: in diebus paucis, Ter.: ter in mense, ter in anno, Varro u. Cic.: in pueritia od. adulescentia, Nep. u. Suet. – so auch bei uneig. Zeitbestimmungen, in bello, Cic.: in pace et per indutias, Sall.: semel in vita, Cic.: in itinere, Caes.: in qua potestate (während welches Amtes) Pheras cepit, Nep. – dah. b) auch beim Abl. des Gerundium u. der Gerundiva, um den Begriff der Zeitdauer auszudrücken = bei, während, in deliberando, bei der Überlegung, Cic.: in quaerendis suis, beim Suchen der S., Caes.2) zur Angabe eines Zeitpunktes (bes. eines entscheidenden), einer Zeitlage, der Zeitumstände, a) übh.: nolo me videat hoc in tempore, gerade jetzt, Ter.: in tali tempore, Liv. – in eo est, ut etc., es ist auf dem Punkte, daß usw., Liv. u. Nep. – b) insbes., in tempore (= εν καιρω), zu rechter Zeit, Ter. u. Liv.: so auch in ipso tempore, Ter.C) in andern Verhältnissen: 1) zur Angabe von Umständen, Verhältnissen u. Zuständen, in denen sich etwas befindet od. unter denen etw. geschieht = in, bei, unter, in hac solitudine careo omni-————um colloquio, Cic.: in vino (beim Weintrinken) immodicum esse, Ter.: in tanta paupertate decessit, ut etc., Nep.: magno in aere alieno (bei = ungeachtet) maiores etiam possessiones habent, Cic. – u. zur Bezeichnung von Pers. od. Sachen, auf deren Zustand od. Verhältnisse sich etwas bezieht = bei, in betreff, hinsichtlich, in hoc homine non accipio excusationem, Cic.: ausurum se in tribunis, quod princeps familiae ausus in regibus esset, Liv.: idem in bono servo dici solet, Cic. – in una urbe (indem ihr eine Stadt erobert) universam ceperitis Italiam, Liv. 26, 43, 3. – u. (im Briefstil u. Dialog) ohne Beziehung auf das Verbum des Hauptsatzes, in reliquis officiis (hinsichtlich der usw.), cui tu tribuisti praeter me, ut domum ventitares? Cic.2) mit Abl. eines Verbalsubstantivs od. Adjektivs, um die Tätigkeit od. den Zustand anzuzeigen, in dem etwas ist = in, in motu esse, Cic.: in maximis esse luctibus, Cic.: in integro tota res est, Cic.: moderatio in difficili est, Liv.; u. so in facili, in promiscuo, in obscuro u. dgl., s. facilis etc.3) zur Bezeichnung des Objekts, in dem sich der Unterricht, die Bildung zeigt = in, an, erudire in iure civili, Cic.: in bonis litteris educatus, Cic.: exercere mentem in alqa re, Cic.4) bei esse u. inesse, um die Pers. od. Sache, in der etwas ist od. der etwas gehört, zu bezeichnen =————in, quanta auctoritas fuit in Metello, Cic.: haec est societas, in qua omnia insunt, Cic.: quibus in rebus ipsi interesse non possumus, Cic.5) zur Angabe einer Klasse od. Anzahl von Gegenständen, zu der etwas gehört = unter, Pausanias ceperat complures Persarum nobiles atque in his nonnullos regis propinquos, Nep.: u. so oft in his bei Caes. u.a.: in quibus Catilina, Sall.: in Epaminondae virtutibus commemoratur saltasse eum commode, Nep.⇒ Zuw. steht in mit Abl. da, wo man im Deutschen in mit Akk. erwartet u. im Lateinischen auch oft setzt, wie: introrumpere in aedibus, einbrechen im H. = in das H., Plaut.: infundere in naribus, Colum. – ebenso übtr., gratum esse in alqo, bei = gegen jmd., Cic.; u. dgl. m. – Die verschiedene Konstruktion der Verba legen, stellen, setzen u.a. s. unter diesen.⇒ arch. u. vulg. im, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 1104 u. 11, 4391. Inscr. christ. (aus Rom) Fabretti 323, 445. – arch. u. vulg. en, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 195, 5; 1, 199, 12; 1009. v. 14; 1220. v. 3 (Anthol. Lat. 1274, 3 M.). Corp. inscr. Lat. 8, 8635 (Anthol. Lat. 1274, 14 M.). – arch. endo, Enn. ann. 576; fr. var. 23. XII tabb. I, 2 Sch. ( bei Fest. p. 313 [a], 7) u. III, 3 u. 4 Sch. ( bei Gell. 20, 1, 45). Lex vet. bei Gell. 5, 19, 9. Lucil. 1075. Varro r. r. 3, 17, 10. Lucr. 6, 890. Cic. de legg. 2, 19. Paul. ex Fest. 77, 3. – arch. indu,————Enn. ann. 238 u. 445*. Lucil. 970 u. 1230. Lucr. 2, 1096; 5, 102. Vgl. Placid. gloss. V, 29, 13.————————2. in, Praeverbium, 1) entsprechend der Präposition = griech. εν, in der Zusammensetzung mit Verben, wo die Präposition in der Regel ihre gewöhnliche Bedeutung drin, dran, drauf, dabei behält, im Deutschen aber oft vom Verbum getrennt und zum Substantiv gezogen werden muß. – 2) Verneinungswort = griech. ἀ-, ἀν-, deutsch un-, wie infans, indoctus. – Vor f u. s wurde es mit gedehntem Selbstlaute gesprochen, wie inficetus, insipiens; in anderen Zusammensetzungen, wie indoctus, mit geschärftem. – Vor p geht das n in in über in m, wie in imputo, vor l, m u. r aber wird es assimiliert, wie in illudo, immuto, irruo u. dgl.————————3. īn = isne, s. 1. eo a. E. ⇒. -
46 sicut
sīc-ut u. sīc-utī, Adv., sowie, gleichwie, wie, I) im allg.: a) m. einem Verbum: s. factum erat, Cic.: s. praedico, Plaut.: s. sapiens poëta dixit, Cic.: sicuti dixi, Plaut.: sicuti accepi, Sall. – m. folg. ita, itidem, sic: s.... ita, Liv.: s.... sic, Caes. u. Tac.: sicuti... ita, Caes.: sicuti... itidem, Plaut.: m. folg. ubi, s... ubi, wie... wann, Verg. – b) ohne Verbum: amplectitur me sicuti neminem, Cic.: sapiens nec s. vulgus, Cic.: s. apud nos, Cic.: potestas in uxores, sicuti in liberos, Caes.: s. antea, Hor. – mit folg. ita, item etc.: s. in foro, item in theatro, Cic.: s. Campani Capuam, sic Regium habituri etc., Liv. – II) insbes.: 1) mit ursachlichem Nebenbegriffe, wie denn, zumal da, s. cras aderit, hodie non venerit, Plaut. Epid. 272 G.; vgl. Plaut. mil. 974. – 2) als Bestätigung einer Behauptung, wie es wirklich-, in der Tat ist ( war), quamvis felix sit, s. est, Cic.: dicat, Epicurus s. cicelissodicit, Cic.: quamquam perspexisti, sicuti perspicies, Cic. – 3) zur Angabe eines Vergleiches, gleichsam, hic locus sicut fundamentum est huius constitutionis, Cic.: natura rationem in capite s. in arce posuit, Cic.: fugā Tibur s. arcem belli Gallici petunt, Liv. – 4) zur Anfügung eines Beispieles, wie, wie zum Beispiel, als u. dgl., quibus in causis omnibus, s. in ipsa M. Curii, Cic.: qui proprie libros huic operi dedicaverunt, s. Caecilius, Dionysius etc., Quint. – 5)————s. eram, erat etc. = ὡς ειχον, zur Bezeichnung einer dauernden Beschaffenheit bei einer neuen Tätigkeit, so wie ich (er) war, s. erat togatus, Suet.: sicut nudatus erat, Curt.: s. eram, fugio, Ov.: seltener mit einem anderen Verbum, s. vestitus advenerat, Suet.: sicut curru eminebat, Curt. – 6) hypothetisch, wie wenn, gleich als wenn, sicuti partā iam atque exploratā victoria, Caes.: sicut foret lacessitus, Sall.: sicut salutatum introire etc., Sall. -
47 celebro
cĕlē̆bro, āvi, ātum, v. a. [id.].I.To go to a place or person in great numbers or often, to frequent, to fill (syn. frequento;b.class.): deūm delubra festis diebus,
Lucr. 5, 1167:viam,
Cic. Cael. 14, 34; id. Sest. 63, 131:domum alicujus,
id. Mur. 34, 70:atria,
Ov. M. 1, 172:silvas,
id. ib. 10, 703:tecta,
id. ib. 4, 444:forum,
id. ib. 4, 144; cf.:forum maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1:Penates, i. e. domum redire,
Tib. 1, 3, 33:me magistrum,
id. 1, 4, 75.—Of a desired action (cf. celeber, B.), to do something frequently or in multitudes, to practise, engage in, say, use, employ, repeat, = frequento, etc.:c.intro abite atque haec cito celebrate,
i. e. in company, all together, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 36:ad eas artes, quibus a pueris dediti fuimus, celebrandas inter nosque recolendas,
Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 2:cognitionem exercitationemque,
id. ib. 3, 28, 110:genus divinationis,
id. Div. 1, 2, 3; cf.:celebratum genus mortis,
a kind of death suffered by many, Tac. H. 2, 49 fin.:necessitatem,
Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 155:jurisdictionem,
Liv. 6, 32, 1:popularem potestatem,
id. 2, 42, 6:iambum,
Quint. 10, 1, 96:seria ac jocos cum aliquo,
Liv. 1, 4, 9.—Aliquid aliquā re, to fill up with something:II.contiones suas convicio cantorum,
Cic. Sest. 55, 118:ripas carmine,
Ov. M. 2, 252 (cf.:concelebrant ripas,
Lucr. 2, 345):cujus litteris, famā, nuntiis celebrantur aures cottidie meae,
i. e. are filled, full, Cic. Prov. Cons. 9, 22.— Poet.: juvenes multo sermone, to talk much with [p. 309] them, Tib. 1, 6, 17.—Meton.A.To go in great numbers to a celebration; hence, in gen., to celebrate, solemnize, keep a festival:B.festos dies,
Cic. Arch. 6, 13; cf.:is (dies) festus celebratusque per omnem Africam,
Sall. J. 66, 2; Cic. Pis. 22, 51; id. Cat. 3, 10, 23; Liv. 10, 37, 12; Tac. A. 15, 53; Suet. Aug. 75; id. Tib. 65 init.; Hor. S. 2, 2, 61; Ov. M. 4, 4:convivium omnium sermone laetitiāque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66; Liv. 40, 14, 2; Tac. A. 4, 59; cf.coetum,
Verg. A. 1, 735:conjugia,
id. ib. 7, 555; cf.nuptias,
Liv. 36, 11, 2; cf.:solemnia nuptiarum,
Tac. A. 11, 26 fin.:officium nuptiarum,
Suet. Claud. 26; and poet.:taedas jugales Thetidis,
Cat. 64, 302:annua sacra,
Verg. A. 8, 173; cf. id. ib. 5, 598 and 603: funus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117; cf.exsequias,
Liv. 25, 17, 5; 37, 22, 2:diem natalem Vitellii,
Tac. H. 2, 95; Lact. 1, 20, 6; Plin. Ep. 10, 102 (103):natales,
id. ib. 6, 30, 1; Tac. A. 6, 18; and absol.:totā celebrante Siciliā sepultus est,
Nep. Timol. 5 fin. —To honor, praise, celebrate the praises of a person or thing, to celebrate in song (syn.:C.colere, laudare, illustrare): laus, quae non poetarum carminibus, non annalium monumentis celebratur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43; cf. id. Planc. 39, 93:vestrum egressum ornando atque celebrando,
id. Pis. 13, 31:fortuna res cunctas ex libidine magis quam ex vero celebrat obscuratque,
Sall. C. 8, 1:talia carminibus,
Verg. A. 8, 303:nomen alicujus scriptis,
Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 1:facta pro maxumis,
Sall. C. 8, 3:domestica facta,
Hor. A. P. 287: se remque publicam haec faciundo, to make renowned, Sall J. 85, 36: Mari virtutem in majus ( = epi to meizon kosmein), id. ib. 73, 5:augereque aliquem,
id. ib. 86, 3: honores alicujus, celebrate one ' s honor, Verg. A. 12, 840:memoriam,
Tac. H. 1, 78:victoriam ingenti fama,
id. Agr. 39 al.:virum aut heroa lyrā, etc.,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 2:sepulcrum hominum conventu et epulis,
Cic. Fl. 38, 95:memoriam nominis epulis,
id. Fin. 2, 31, 103:litora ludis,
Verg. A. 3, 280:sententiam magno assensu,
Tac. A. 15, 22:mortem funere censorio,
id. ib. 6, 27:aliquem admiratione,
id. H. 2, 71:obsequio,
id. A. 16, 33:funere publico,
id. ib. 6, 11 fin. —Without the access. idea of extolling, in gen., to make something known, to publish abroad, proclaim:I.quibus in locis factum esse consulem Murenam nuntii litteraeque celebrassent,
Cic. Mur. 41, 89:quod vocibus maledictisque celebratum est,
id. Cael. 3, 6:quā re celebratā,
id. Div. 1, 17, 31.— cĕlĕbrā-tus, a, um, P. a.(Acc. to I. a.) Frequented, much visited:B.forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—(Acc. to I. b.) Customary, usual, frequent:II.tritum atque celebratum,
Cic. Fl. 27, 65:celebratum est usque in proverbium,
Quint. 1, 10, 21:schemata,
id. 9, 2, 92:usus anuli celebratior,
Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 28:verbum celebratius,
Gell. 17, 2, 25 (cf. id. 17, 2, 25, § 17: verbum crebrius, and id. 17, 2, 25, § 18: verbum creberrimum).—(Acc. to II. A.) Solemn, festive, brilliant:B.dies celebratior,
Ov. M. 7, 430:supplicatio celebratior,
Liv. 3, 63, 5.—(Acc. to II. B.) Known, celebrated, famous:loci famā celebrati,
Tac. A. 2, 54:quo Actiacae victoriae memoria celebratior in posterum esset,
Suet. Aug. 18.— Adv., v. celebriter. -
48 facio
făcĭo, feci, factum, 3, v. a. and n.; in pass.: fio, factus, fieri ( imper. usually fac, but the arch form face is freq., esp. in Plaut. and Ter., as Plaut. As. prol. 4; 1, 1, 77; id. Aul. 2, 1, 30; id. Cist. 2, 1, 28; id. Ep. 1, 1, 37; 2, 2, 117; id. Most. 3, 2, 167 et saep.; Ter. And. 4, 1, 57; 4, 2, 29; 5, 1, 2; 14; id. Eun. 1, 2, 10 al.; Cato, R. R. 23, 1; 26; 32 al.; Cat. 63, 78; 79; 82; Ov. Med. fac. 60; Val. Fl. 7, 179 al.; futur. facie for faciam, Cato ap. Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. dico, init., and the letter e:I.faxo,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 199; 2, 1, 42; 3, 3, 17; 3, 4, 14; 5, 1, 55 et saep.; Ter. And. 5, 2, 13; id. Eun. 2, 2, 54; 4, 3, 21 al.; Verg. A. 9, 154; 12, 316; Ov. M. 3, 271; 12, 594: faxim, Enn. ap. Non. 507, 23; Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 13; id. Aul. 3, 2, 6; 3, 5, 20 al.; Ter. And. 4, 4, 14; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 13:faxis,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 38; Sil. 15, 362: faxit, Lex Numae in Paul. ex Fest. s. v. ALIVTA, p. 6 Mull.; Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 12; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 90; 3, 5, 54; id. Cas. 3, 5, 6 al.; Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:faximus,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 40: faxitis, an old form in Liv. 23, 11, 2; 25, 12, 10; 29, 27, 3:faxint,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 85; id. Aul. 2, 1, 27; 2, 2, 79 al.; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 109; id. Hec. 1, 2, 27; 3, 2, 19; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 35, § 81; id. Fam. 14, 3, 3.—In pass. imper.:fi,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 87; Hor. S. 2, 5, 38; Pers. 1, 1, 39:fite,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 89 al. — Indic.: facitur, Nigid. ap. Non. 507, 15: fitur, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 789:fiebantur,
id. ib.: fitum est, Liv. Andron. ap. Non. 475, 16.— Subj.: faciatur, Titin. ib.— Inf.: fiere, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 75 P.; Ann. v. 15, ed. Vahl.; Laev. ap. Gell. 19, 7, 10.—On the long i of fit, v. Ritschl, prol. p. 184, and cf. Plaut. Capt. prol. 25: ut fit in bello) [prob. root bha-; Sanscr. bhasas, light; Gr. pha-, in phainô, phêmi; cf. fax, facetiae, facilis, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 423.—But Curt. refers facio to root the- (strengthened THEK), Griech. Etym. p. 64], to make in all senses, to do, perform, accomplish, prepare, produce, bring to pass, cause, effect, create, commit, perpetrate, form, fashion, etc. (cf. in gen.:ago, factito, reddo, operor, tracto): verbum facere omnem omnino faciendi causam complectitur, donandi, solvendi, judicandi, ambulandi, numerandi,
Dig. 50, 16, 218.Act.A.In gen.(α).With acc.: ut faber, cum quid aedificaturus est, non ipse facit materiam, sed ea utitur, quae sit parata, etc.... Quod si non est a deo materia facta, ne terra quidem et aqua et aer et ignis a deo factus est, Cic. N. D. Fragm. ap. Lact. 2, 8 (Cic. ed. Bait. 7, p. 121):(β).sphaera ab Archimede facta,
Cic. Rep. 1, 14:fecitque idem et sepsit de manubiis comitium et curiam,
id. ib. 2, 17:aedem,
id. ib. 2, 20:pontem in Arari faciundum curat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 1:castra,
id. ib. 1, 48, 2; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4:faber vasculum fecit,
Quint. 7, 10, 9:classem,
Caes. B. G. 4, 21, 4:cenas et facere et obire,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 6:ignem lignis viridibus,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 17, § 45:poema,
to compose, id. Pis. 29, 70:carmina,
Juv. 7, 28:versus,
id. 7, 38:sermonem,
Cic. Fam. 9, 8, 1; cf.litteram,
id. Ac. 2, 2, 6: ludos, to celebrate, exhibit = edere, id. Rep. 2, 20; id. Att. 15, 10;also i. q. ludificari,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 47:sementes,
i. e. to sow, Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 1:messem,
Col. 2, 10, 28:pecuniam,
to make, acquire, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:manum (with parare copias),
to collect, prepare, id. Caecin. 12, 33; so,cohortes,
Caes. B. C. 3, 87, 4:exercitum,
Vell. 2, 109, 2; and:auxilia mercede,
Tac. A. 6, 33:iter,
Cic. Att. 3, 1; id. Planc. 26, 65; id. Div. 1, 33, 73 et saep.; cf.also the phrases: aditum sibi ad aures,
Quint. 4, 1, 46:admirationem alicujus rei alicui,
to excite, Liv. 25, 11, 18; Sen. Ep. 115:aes alienum,
Cic. Att. 13, 46, 4; Liv. 2, 23, 5; Sen. Ep. 119, 1:alienationem disjunctionemque,
Cic. Lael. 21, 76:animum alicui,
Liv. 25, 11, 10:arbitrium de aliquo,
to decide, Hor. C. 4, 7, 21;opp. arbitrium alicui in aliqua re,
i. e. to leave the decision to one, Liv. 43, 15, 5:audaciam hosti,
id. 29, 34, 10:audientiam orationi,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 13, 42:auspicium alicui,
Liv. 1, 34, 9; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 86:auctoritatem,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 43:bellum,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35; Caes. B. G. 3, 29, 2:multa bona alicui,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 46:castra,
to pitch, Tac. H. 5, 1:caulem,
to form, Col. Arb. 54:clamores,
to make, raise, Cic. Brut. 95, 326:cognomen alicui,
to give, Liv. 1, 3, 9:commercium sermonis,
id. 5, 15, 5:concitationes,
Caes. B. C. 3, 106 fin.:conjurationes,
to form, id. B. G. 4, 30 fin.:consuetudinem alicui cum altero,
Cic. Fam. 13, 23, 1:consilia alicui,
Liv. 35, 42, 8:contentionem cum aliquo,
Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:controversiam,
to occasion, id. Or. 34, 121:convicium magnum alicui,
id. Fam. 10, 16, 1:copiam pugnandi militibus,
Liv. 7, 13, 10:corpus,
to grow fat, corpulent, Cels. 7, 3 fin.; Phaedr. 3, 7, 5:curam,
Tac. A. 3, 52:damnum,
to suffer, Cic. Brut. 33, 125:detrimentum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 20:desiderium alicujus, rei alicui,
Liv. 3, 34, 7; 7, 24, 10:dicta,
Ov. F. 2, 375; 3, 515:difficultatem,
Quint. 10, 3, 10 and 16:discordiam,
to cause, Tac. H. 3, 48:discrimen,
Quint. 7, 2, 14; 11, 1, 43:disjunctionem (with alienationem),
Cic. Lael. 21, 76:dolorem alicui,
id. Att. 11, 8, 2:dulcedinem,
Sen. Ep. 111:eloquentiam alicui (ira),
Quint. 6, 2, 26:epigramma,
to write, Cic. Arch. 10, 25:errorem,
Sen. Ep. 67:eruptiones ex oppido,
Caes. B. C. 2, 2, 5:exemplum,
Quint. 5, 2, 2: exempla = edere or statuere, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 66. exercitum, to raise, muster, Tac. A. 6, 33:exspectationem,
Quint. 9, 2, 23:facinus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 1; Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 95; Tac. A. 12, 31:facultatem recte judicandi alicui,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 73, § 179:fallaciam,
Ter. And. 1, 8, 7:famam ingenii,
Quint. 11, 2, 46:fastidium,
Liv. 3, 1, 7:favorem alicui,
id. 42, 14, 10; Quint. 4, 1, 33:fidem alicui,
Cic. Cat. 3, 2, 4; id. Att. 7, 8, 1; Quint. 6, 2, 18:finem,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16; id. Rep. 2, 44:formidinem,
to excite, Tac. H. 3, 10:fortunam magnam (with parare),
Liv. 24, 22, 9:fraudem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 9; Cic. Att. 4, 12:fugam fecerunt, stronger than fugerunt,
Liv. 8, 9, 12 Weissenb.; Sall. J. 53, 3;but: cum fugam in regia fecisset (sc. ceterorum),
Liv. 1, 56, 4; so,fugam facere = fugare,
id. 21, 5, 16; 21, 52, 10:fugam hostium facere,
id. 22, 24, 8; 26, 4, 8 al.:gestum vultu,
Quint. 11, 3, 71:gradum,
Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 249; id. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 3; Quint. 3, 6, 8:gratiam alicujus rei,
Liv. 3, 56, 4; 8, 34, 3:gratulationem alicui,
Cic. Fam. 11, 18, 3; Sen. Ep. 6:gratum alicui,
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 56; Cic. Rep. 1, 21; cf.:gratissimum alicui,
id. Fam. 7, 21 fin.:histrioniam,
Plaut. Am. prol. 152:homicidium,
to commit, Quint. 5, 9, 9:hospitium cum aliquo,
Cic. Balb. 18, 42:imperata,
Caes. B. G. 2, 3, 3:impetum in hostem,
Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 34; Liv. 25, 11, 2:incursionem,
Liv. 3, 38, 3:indicium,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57, § 150:inducias,
id. Phil. 8, 7, 20:initium,
to begin, id. Agr. 2, 29, 79; cf.:initia ab aliquo,
id. Rep. 1, 19:injuriam,
id. ib. 3, 14 (opp. accipere); Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 4; Quint. 3, 6, 49; 10, 1, 115:insidias alicui,
Cic. Mil. 9, 23:iram,
Quint. 6, 1, 14:jacturam,
Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; id. Fin. 2, 24, 79; Caes. B. G. 7, 77, 7:judicium,
Cic. Att. 7, 23, 2:judicatum,
to execute, id. Fl. 20, 48:jus alicui,
Liv. 32, 13, 6:jussa,
Ov. F. 1, 379:laetitiam,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:largitiones,
id. Tusc. 3, 20, 48:locum poetarum mendacio,
Curt. 3, 1, 4:locum alicui rei,
Cels. 2, 14 fin.; 7, 4, 3; Curt. 4, 11, 8; Sen. Ep. 91, 13 et saep.:longius,
Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 22 al.:valde magnum,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7:medicinam alicui,
to administer, id. Fam. 14, 7:memoriam,
Quint. 11, 2, 4:mentionem,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11, 2:metum,
to excite, Tac. A. 6, 36:turbida lux metum insidiarum faciebat,
suggested, Liv. 10, 33, 5:metum alicui,
id. 9, 41, 11:missum aliquem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:modum irae,
Liv. 4, 50, 4:moram,
Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 72:morem alicujus rei sibi,
Liv. 35, 35, 13:motus,
id. 28, 46, 8: multam alicui, Cato ap. Gell. 11, 1, 6:munditias,
id. R. R. 2, 4:mutationem,
Cic. Sest. 12, 27; id. Off. 1, 33, 120:multa alicui,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 16:naufragium,
to suffer, id. Fam. 16, 9, 1:negotium alicui,
to give to do, make trouble for, Quint. 5, 12, 13; Just. 21, 4, 4:nomen alicui,
Liv. 8, 15, 8; cf.nomina,
to incur debts, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 59:odium vitae,
Plin. 20, 18, 76, § 199:officium suum,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 5, 12:omnia amici causa,
Cic. Lael. 10, 35; id. Fam. 5, 11, 2:opinionem alicui,
id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:orationem,
id. de Or. 1, 14, 63; id. Brut. 8, 30; id. Or. 51, 172:otia alicui,
to grant, Verg. E. 1, 6:pacem,
to conclude, Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109:pecuniam ex aliqua re,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:periculum,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 23; id. Heaut. 2, 1, 9; Tac. A. 13, 33; 16, 19; Sall. C. 33, 1: perniciem alicui, to cause, = parare, Tac. H. 2, 70:planum,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 19, 54:potestatem,
id. Cat. 3, 5, 11; id. Rep. 2, 28:praedam,
Caes. B. G. 4, 34, 5; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 60, § 156; Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 8:praedas ab aliquo,
Nep. Chabr. 2, 2:proelium,
to join, Caes. B. G. 1, 13; Cic. Deiot. 5, 13; Liv. 25, 1, 5; Tac. H. 4, 79; id. A. 12, 40:promissum,
Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95:pudorem,
Liv. 3, 31, 3:ratum,
id. 28, 39, 16:rem,
Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 12:reum,
to accuse, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38: risum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 40; 48:scelus,
to commit, Tac. H. 1, 40:securitatem alicui,
Liv. 36, 41, 1:sermonem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66:significationem ignibus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 33, 3:silentium,
Liv. 24, 7, 12:somnum,
to induce, Juv. 3, 282:spem,
Cic. Att. 3, 16; Liv. 30, 3, 7:spiritus,
id. 30, 11, 3:stercus,
Col. 2, 15:stipendia,
Sall. J. 63, 3; Liv. 3, 27, 1; 5, 7, 5:stomachum alicui,
Cic. Att. 5, 11, 2; id. Fam. 1, 9, 10:suavium alicui,
Plaut. As. 4, 1, 53:suspicionem,
Cic. Fl. 33, 83:taedium alicujus rei,
Liv. 4, 57, 11:terrorem iis,
to inflict, id. 10, 25, 8:timorem,
to excite, id. 6, 28, 8:mihi timorem,
Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2:totum,
Dig. 28, 5, 35:transitum alicui,
Liv. 26, 25, 3:turbam,
Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 2:urinam,
Col. 6, 19:usum,
Quint. 10, 3, 28:vadimonium,
Cic. Quint. 18, 57:verbum, verba,
to speak, talk, id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147:verbum,
to invent, id. Fin. 3, 15, 51:versus,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 5:vestigium,
id. Rab. Post. 17, 47: viam [p. 717] sibi, Liv. 3, 5, 6:vim alicui or in aliquem,
id. 38, 24, 4; 3, 5, 5:vires,
to get, acquire, Quint. 10, 3, 3:vitium,
Cic. Top. 3, 15 al. —With ut, ne, quin, or the simple subj.:(γ).faciam, ut ejus diei locique meique semper meminerit,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 20:facere ut remigret domum,
id. Pers. 4, 6, 3; id. Capt. 3, 4, 78; 4, 2, 77:ea, quantum potui, feci, ut essent nota nostris,
Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 8:facito, ut sciam,
id. Att. 2, 4, 4:non potuisti ullo modo facere, ut mihi illam epistolam non mitteres,
id. ib. 11, 21, 1:si facis ut patriae sit idoneus,
Juv. 14, 71:ut nihil ad te dem litterarum facere non possum,
Cic. Ac. 8, 14, 1; for which, with quin:facere non possum, quin ad te mittam,
I cannot forbear sending, id. ib. 12, 27, 2:fecisti, ut ne cui maeror tuus calamitatem afferret,
id. Clu. 60, 168:fac, ne quid aliud cures,
id. Fam. 16, 11, 1:domi assitis, facite,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 53:fac fidele sis fidelis,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 79:fac cupidus mei videndi sis,
Cic. Fam. 5, 21, 5:fac cogites,
id. ib. 11, 3, 4.—In pass.:fieri potest, ut recte quis sentiat, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 6: potest fieri, ut iratus dixerit, etc., Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 285:nec fieri possit, ut non statim alienatio facienda sit,
id. Lael. 21, 76; so with ut non, id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 190 (Zumpt, Gram. § 539).—With inf. = efficere, curare, to cause (rare):(δ).nulla res magis talis oratores videri facit,
Cic. Brut. 38, 142; Pall. 6, 12:aspectus arborum macrescere facit volucres inclusas,
Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 3; Sall. Fragm. ap. Sen. Ep. 114:qui nati coram me cernere letum Fecisti,
Verg. A. 2, 539; Ov. H. 17, 174:mel ter infervere facito,
Col. 12, 38, 5 (perh. also in Ov. H. 6, 100, instead of favet, v. Loers. ad h. l.; cf. infra, B. 4.).—Absol.:B.ego plus, quam feci, facere non possum,
Cic. Fam. 11, 14, 3:faciam, ut potero, Laeli,
id. de Sen. 3, 7; cf. id. Rep. 1, 24:noli putare, pigritia me facere, quod non mea manu scribam,
id. Att. 16, 15, 1; so,facere = hoc or id facere,
Lucr. 4, 1112 (cf. Munro ad loc.); 1153: vereor ne a te rursus dissentiam. M. Non facies, Quinte, Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33;so after scribam,
id. Att. 16, 16, 15:nominaverunt,
id. Rep. 2, 28, 50;after disserere: tu mihi videris utrumque facturus,
id. ib. 2, 11, 22;after fingere: ut facit apud Platonem Socrates,
id. ib.:necesse erit uti epilogis, ut in Verrem Cicero fecit,
Quint. 6, 1, 54:qui dicere ac facere doceat,
id. 2, 3, 11:faciant equites,
Juv. 7, 14; Liv. 42, 37, 6:petis ut libellos meos recognoscendos curem. Faciam,
Plin. Ep. 4, 26, 1; 5, 1, 4 et saep. (cf. the use of facio, as neutr., to resume or recall the meaning of another verb, v. II. E. infra; between that use and this no line can be drawn).In partic.1.With a double object, to make a thing into something, to render it something:2.senatum bene firmum firmiorem vestra auctoritate fecistis,
Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:te disertum,
id. ib. 2, 39 fin.:iratum adversario judicem,
id. de Or. 1, 51, 220:heredem filiam,
to appoint, constitute, id. Verr. 2, 1, 43, § 111:aliquem regem,
Just. 9, 6:aliquem ludos,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 75:aliquem absentem rei capitalis reum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 93:animum dubium,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 27:injurias irritas,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 63:vectigalia sibi deteriora,
Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 4:hi consules facti sunt,
Cic. de Sen. 5, 14:disciplina doctior facta civitas,
id. Rep. 2, 19:di ex hominibus facti,
id. ib. 2, 10; cf.:tua virtute nobis Romanos ex amicis amicissimos fecisti,
Sall. J. 10, 2.—In pass.:quo tibi sumere depositum clavum fierique tribuno?
to become a tribune, Hor. S. 1, 6, 25.—to value, esteem, regard a person or thing in any manner (like the Engl. make, in the phrase to make much of).—Esp. with gen. pretii:3.in quo perspicere posses, quanti te, quanti Pompeium, quem unum ex omnibus facio, ut debeo, plurimi, quanti Brutum facerem,
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 2:te quotidie pluris feci,
id. ib. 3, 4, 2:voluptatem virtus minimi facit,
id. Fin. 2, 13, 42:dolorem nihili facere,
to care nothing for, to despise, id. ib. 27, 88:nihili facio scire,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 42:negat se magni facere, utrum, etc.,
Quint. 11, 1, 38:parum id facio,
Sall. J. 85, 31: si illi aliter nos faciant quam aequum sit. Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 43.—With gen., to make a thing the property of a person, subject it to him: omnia, quae mulieris fuerunt, viri fiunt, Cic. Top. 4, 23.—Esp.: facere aliquid dicionis alicujus, to reduce to subjection under a person or power:4.omnem oram Romanae dicionis fecit,
Liv. 21, 60, 3:dicionis alienae facti,
id. 1, 25, 13; 5, 27, 14; cf.: ut munus imperii beneficii sui faceret, to make it ( seem) his own bounty, Just. 13, 4, 9:ne delecto imperatore alio sui muneris rempublicam faceret,
Tac. A. 15, 52.—To represent a thing in any manner, to feign, assert, say. —Constr. with acc. and adj. or part., or with acc. and inf.(α).Acc. and part.:(β).in eo libro, ubi se exeuntem e senatu et cum Pansa colloquentem facit,
id. Brut. 60, 218:Xenophon facit... Socratem disputantem,
id. N. D. 1, 12, 31; cf.:ejus (Socratis) oratio, qua facit eum Plato usum apud judices,
id. Tusc. 1, 40 fin. al.—Acc. and inf.:(γ).qui nuper fecit servo currenti in via decesse populum,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 31:fecerat et fetam procubuisse lupam,
Verg. A. 8, 630; cf. Ov. M. 6, 109, v. Bach ad h. l.:poetae impendere apud inferos saxum Tantalo faciunt,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 35:quem (Herculem) Homerus apud inferos conveniri facit ab Ulixe,
id. N. D. 3, 16, 41:Plato construi a deo mundum facit,
id. ib. 1, 8, 19:Plato Isocratem laudari fecit a Socrate,
id. Opt. Gen. 6, 17; id. Brut. 38, 142:M. Cicero dicere facit C. Laelium,
Gell. 17, 5, 1:caput esse faciunt ea, quae perspicua dicunt,
Cic. Fia. 4, 4, 8, v. Madv. ad h. l.—In double construction:5.Polyphemum Homerus cum ariete colloquentem facit ejusque laudare fortunas,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 39 fin. —To make believe, to pretend:6.facio me alias res agere,
Cic. Fam. 15, 18:cum verbis se locupletem faceret,
id. Fl. 20:me unum ex iis feci, qui, etc.,
id. Planc. 27, 65.—Hypothetically in the imper. fac, suppose, assume:7.fac, quaeso, qui ego sum, esse te,
Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1; cf.:fac potuisse,
id. Phil. 2, 3, 5:fac animos non remanere post mortem,
id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82; 1, 29, 70:fac velit,
Stat. Ach. 2, 241:fac velle,
Verg. A. 4, 540.—In mercant. lang., to practise, exercise, follow any trade or profession:8.cum mercaturas facerent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 72:naviculariam,
id. ib. 2, 5, 18, §46: argentariam,
id. ib. 2, 5, 49, § 155; id. Caecin. 4, 10:topiariam,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 5:haruspicinam,
id. Fam. 6, 18, 1:praeconium,
id. ib.; so,piraticam,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 5, 11:medicinam,
Phaedr. 1, 14, 2.—In relig. lang., like the Gr. rhezein, to perform or celebrate a religious rite; to offer sacrifice, make an offering, to sacrifice:9.res illum divinas apud eos deos in suo sacrario quotidie facere vidisti,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 8, § 18:sacra pro civibus,
id. Balb. 24, 55:sacrificium publicum,
id. Brut. 14, 56.— Absol.:a sacris patriis Junonis Sospitae, cui omnes consules facere necesse est, consulem avellere,
Cic. Mur. 41, 90.—With abl.:cum faciam vitula pro frugibus,
Verg. E. 3, 77:catulo,
Col. 2, 22, 4.— Pass. impers.:cum pro populo fieret,
Cic. Att. 1, 13, 3:quibus diis decemviri ex libris ut fieret, ediderunt,
Liv. 37, 3, 5.—In gram., to make, form in inflecting:10.cur aper apri et pater patris faciat?
Quint. 1, 6, 13; so id. 14; 15; 27; cf.:sic genitivus Achilli et Ulixi fecit,
id. 1, 5, 63; 1, 6, 26:eadem (littera) fecit ex duello bellum,
id. 1, 4, 15.—In late Lat., (se) facere aliquo, to betake one's self to any place:11.intra limen sese facit,
App. 5, p. 159, 25;without se: homo meus coepit ad stelas facere,
Petr. 62:ad illum ex Libya Hammon facit,
Tert. Pall. 3.—Peculiar phrases.a.Quid faciam (facias, fiet, etc.), with abl., dat., or (rare) with de, what is to be done with a person or thing? quid hoc homine facias? Cic. Sest. 13, 29; id. Verr. 2, 2, 16, § 40:b.nescit quid faciat auro,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 100:quid tu huic homini facias?
Cic. Caecin. 11, 30; cf.:quid enim tibi faciam,
id. Att. 7, 3, 2: quid faceret huic conclusioni, i. e. how should he refute, etc., id. Ac. 2, 30, 96:quid facias illi?
Hor. S. 1, 1, 63:miserunt Delphos consultum quidnam facerent de rebus suis,
Nep. Them. 2: quid fecisti scipione? what have you done with the stick? or, what has become of it? Plaut. Cas. 5, 4, 6; cf. id. ib. 5, 4, 9.—In pass.:quid Tulliola mea fiet?
Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 3:quid illo fiet? quid me?
id. Att. 6, 1, 14:quid fiet artibus?
id. Ac. 2, 33, 107:quid mihi fiet?
Ov. A. A. 1, 536:quid de illa fiet fidicina igitur?
Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 48: de fratre quid fiet? Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 39.— Absol.:quid faciat Philomela? fugam custodia claudit?
Ov. M. 6, 572:quid facerem? neque servitio me exire licebat, etc.,
Verg. E. 1, 41 al. —Fit, factum est aliquo or aliqua re, it happens to, becomes of a person or thing:(β).volo Erogitare, meo minore quid sit factum filio,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 32:nec quid deinde iis (elephantis) factum sit, auctores explicant,
Plin. 8, 6, 6, § 17:quid eo est argento factum?
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 106.—Hence,Esp., si quid factum sit aliquo, if any thing should happen to one (i. q. si quid acciderit humanitus), euphemistically for if one should die:c.si quid eo factum esset, in quo spem essetis habituri?
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 20, 59; cf.:eum fecisse aiunt, sibi quod faciendum fuit,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 1, 23. —Ut fit, as it usually happens, as is commonly the case:d.praesertim cum, ut fit, fortuito saepe aliquid concluse apteque dicerent,
Cic. Or. 53, 177:queri, ut fit, incipiunt,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 56:dum se uxor, ut fit, comparat,
id. Mil. 10, 28:fecit statim, ut fit, fastidium copia,
Liv. 3, 1, 7.—Fiat, an expression of assent, so be it! very good! fiat, geratur mos tibi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 146; id. As. 1, 1, 27; id. Am. 2, 2, 138; id. Most. 4, 3, 44 al.—e. 12.In certain phrases the ellipsis of facere is common, e. g. finem facere:II.Quae cum dixisset, Cotta finem,
Cic. N. D. 3, 40, 94; id. Fin. 4, 1 init. —With nihil aliud quam, quid alium quam, nihil praeterquam, which often = an emphatic Engl. only (but not in Cic.):Tissaphernes nihil aliud quam bellum comparavit,
Nep. Ages. 2:per biduum nihil aliud quam steterunt parati,
Liv. 34, 46; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Aug. 83; Liv. 2, 63; 4, 3; 3, 26.—So with nihil amplius quam, nihil prius quam, nihil minus quam, Liv. 26, 20; 35, 11; Suet. Dom. 3.Neutr.A.With adverbs, to do, deal, or act in any manner:B.recta et vera loquere, sed neque vere neque recte adhuc Fecisti umquam,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7;v. recte under rego: bene fecit Silius, qui transegerit,
Cic. Att. 12, 24, 1:seu recte seu perperam,
to do right or wrong, id. Quint. 8, 31:Dalmatis di male faciant,
id. Fam. 5, 11 fin.:facis amice,
in a friendly manner, id. Lael. 2, 9; cf.:per malitiam,
maliciously, id. Rosc. Com. 7, 21:humaniter,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1:imperite,
id. Leg. 1, 1, 4:tutius,
Quint. 5, 10, 68:voluit facere contra huic aegre,
Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10: bene facere, to profit, benefit (opp. male facere, to hurt, injure), Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 25; 5, 7, 19; Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 22; id. Capt. 5, 2, 23; v. also under benefacio and benefactum.—Facere cum or ab aliquo, to take part with one, to side with one; and opp. contra (or adversus) aliquem, to take part against one:C.si respondisset, idem sentire et secum facere Sullam,
Cic. Sull. 13, 36; cf.:cum illo consulem facere,
id. Att. 6, 8, 2; and:secum consules facere,
id. Planc. 35, 86:auctoritatem sapientissimorum hominum facere nobiscum,
id. Caecin. 36, 104; cf.:rem et sententiam interdicti mecum facere fatebatur,
id. ib. 28, 79:cum veritas cum hoc faciat,
is on his side, id. Quint. 30, 91:commune est, quod nihilo magis ab adversariis quam a nobis facit,
id. Inv. 1, 48, 90:omnes damnatos, omnes ignominia affectos illac (a or cum Caesare) facere,
id. Att. 7, 3, 5:quae res in civitate duae plurimum possunt, eae contra nos ambae faciunt in hoc tempore,
id. Quint. 1, 1:neque minus eos cum quibus steterint quam adversus quos fecerint,
Nep. Eum. 8, 2:cum aliquo non male facere,
to be on good terms with, Ov. Am. 3, 762.—In late Lat. facere cum aliqua = vivere cum aliqua, to live in matrimony, to be married, Inscr. Orell. 4646. —D.Ad aliquid, alicui, or absol., to be good or of use for any thing; to be useful, of service:E.chamaeleon facit ad difficultatem urinae,
Plin. 22, 18, 21, § 46; Scrib. Comp. 122:ad talem formam non facit iste locus,
Ov. H. 16, 190; cf. id. ib. 6, 128; id. Am. 1, 2, 16 al.:radix coronopi coeliacis praeclare facit,
Plin. 22, 19, 22, § 48; so with dat., Plin. Val. 2, 1; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 20:facit autem commode ea compositio, quam, etc.,
Col. 7, 5, 7; 8, 17, 13:nec caelum, nec aquae faciunt, nec terra, nec aurae,
do not benefit me, Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 23:mire facit in peroratione confessio,
Quint. 11, 3, 173; 171; cf. with a subject-clause: plurimum facit, totas diligenter [p. 718] nosse causas, id. 6, 4, 8: ad aliquid or alicui signifies also to suit, fit:non faciet capiti dura corona meo,
Prop. 3, 1, 19; cf. Ov. H. 16, 189.—Like the Gr. poiein or dran, and the Engl. to do, instead of another verb (also for esse and pati):F.factum cupio (sc. id esse),
Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 24:factum volo,
id. Bacch. 3, 3, 91; id. Most. 3, 2, 104:an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo pecuniam ducere, nostrates philosophi facere non potuerunt?
Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 90:nihil his in locis nisi saxa et montes cogitabam: idque ut facerem, orationibus inducebar tuis,
id. Leg. 2, 1, 2; cf.:Demosthenem, si illa pronuntiare voluisset, ornate splendideque facere potuisse,
id. Off. 1, 1 fin.; and:cur Cassandra furens futura prospiciat, Priamus sapiens hoc idem facere nequeat?
id. Div. 1, 39, 85; so id. Ac. 2, 33, 107; id. Att. 1, 16, 13; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2; Nep. Chabr. 3, 4; 4, 3 al.:vadem te ad mortem tyranno dabis pro amico, ut Pythagoreus ille Siculo fecit tyranno (here also with the case of the preceding verb),
Cic. Fin. 2, 24 fin. (v. Madv. ad h. l. p. 278):jubeas (eum) miserum esse, libenter quatenus id facit (i. e. miser est),
what he is doing, Hor. S. 1, 1, 64:in hominibus solum existunt: nam bestiae simile quiddam faciunt (i. q. patiuntur or habent),
Cic. Tusc. 4, 14; so,ne facias quod Ummidius quidam (= ne idem experiaris, ne idem tibi eveniat),
Hor. S. 1, 1, 94. —Facere omitted, especially in short sentences expressing a judgment upon conduct, etc.:1.at stulte, qui non modo non censuerit, etc.,
Cic. Off. 3, 27, 101.—Hence,factus, a, um, P. a.A.As adjective ante-class. and very rare:B.factius nihilo facit, sc. id, i. e. nihilo magis effectum reddit,
is no nearer bringing it about, Plaut. Trin. 2, 3, 6; cf. Lorenz ad loc.—Far more freq.,In the neutr. as subst.: factum, i ( gen. plur. factum, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 Trag. 81), that which is done, a deed, act, exploit, achievement (syn.: res gestae, facinus).1.In gen.:2.depingere,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 5, 38:facere factum,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 5; id. Mil. 3, 1, 139:dicta et facta,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 19; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 12:opus facto est,
id. Phorm. 4, 5, 4:ecquod hujus factum aut commissum non dicam audacius, sed, etc.,
Cic. Sull. 26, 72: meum factum probari abs te triumpho gaudio, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A. 1;14, 9, 2: quod umquam eorum in re publica forte factum exstitit?
id. ib. 8, 14, 2:praeclarum atque divinum,
id. Phil. 2, 44, 114:egregium,
id. Fam. 10, 16, 2; id. Cael. 10, 23:factum per se improbabile,
Quint. 7, 4, 7; 6, 1, 22:illustre,
Nep. Arist. 2, 2; cf.:illustria et gloriosa,
Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37:forte,
id. Att. 8, 14, 2:dira,
Ov. M. 6, 533:nefanda,
id. H. 14, 16 al.; but also with the adv.:recte ac turpiter factum,
Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 5; cf.:multa huius (Timothei) sunt praeclare facta sed haec maxime illustria,
Nep. Timoth. 1, 2;v. Zumpt, Gram. § 722, 2: dimidium facti, qui coepit, habet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 40:quo facto aut dicto adest opus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 15 et saep.:famam extendere factis,
Verg. A. 10, 468: non hominum video. non ego facta boum, doings, i. e. works, Ov. H. 10, 60.—In partic., bonum factum, like the Gr. agathê tuchê, a good deed, i. e. well done, fortunate (ante-class. and post-Aug.):* 2.bonum factum'st, edicta ut servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16; cf. id. ib. 44; cf.:hoc factum est optimum, ut, etc.,
id. Ps. 1, 2, 52:majorum bona facta,
Tac. A. 3, 40; cf. id. ib. 3, 65. —At the commencement of edicts, Suet. Caesar, 80; id. Vit. 14; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 49, 17; Tert. Pudic. 1.—(But in the class. per. factum in this sense is a participle, and is construed with an adv.:bene facta,
Sall. C. 8, 5; id. J. 85, 5; Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 64:recte, male facta,
id. Off. 2, 18, 62:male facto exigua laus proponitur,
id. Leg. Agr. 2, 2, 5; id. Brut. 43, 322; Quint. 3, 7, 13; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 460).—facteon, a word jestingly formed by Cicero, after the analogy of the Greek, for faciendum: quare, ut opinor, philosophêteon, id quod tu facis, et istos consulatus non flocci facteon, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 13 Orell. N. cr. (for facteon, Ernesti has eateon). -
49 valens
vălĕo, ui, itum, 2, v. n. [kindr. with Sanscr. bala, vis, robur, balishtas, fortissimus; cf. debilis], to be strong.I.Lit., of physical strength, vigor, or health.A. 1.Absol.: verum illi valent, qui vi luctantur cum leonibus, Pomp. ap. Non. 112, 4 (Com. Rel. v. 176 Rib.):2.puer ille (Hercules recens natus) ut magnus est et multum valet!
Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 51: plus potest, qui plus valet: Vir erat;plus valebat,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 38 sq.:sanus homo, qui bene valet,
Cels. 1, 1 init.:si magis valet,
id. 3, 18:si satis valet (= si satis validae vires sunt, just before),
id. 4, 7 init.:prout nervi valent,
id. 8, 16.—Of plants:vitem novellam resecari tum erit tempus ubi valebit,
Cato, R. R. 33, 3 sq. —To be strong in or for something, to have the power or strength, be in condition to do something, etc.a.Of personal subjects, etc.(α).With ad and acc.:(β).alios videmus velocitate ad cursum, alios viribus ad luctandum valere,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 107.—With inf.:b.manibus pedibusque morbo distortissimis, ut neque calceum perpeti nec libellos evolvere valeret,
Suet. Galb. 21:mustela cum mures veloces non valeret assequi,
Phaedr. 4, 1, 10:valet ima summis Mutare deus,
Hor. C. 1, 34, 12; cf. II. B. 2. h. infra; cf.:illud mirari mitte, quod non valet e lapide hoc alias impellere res,
Lucr. 6, 1057:versate diu quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri (sc. ferre),
Hor. A. P. 40:nec valuere manus infixum educere telum,
Ov. M. 13, 393; 12, 101; Col. 6, 25 fin. —Of remedies or medicines, to be efficacious, be good for any thing; with ad and acc.:c.fimum potum ad dysentericos valet,
Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 105.—With contra:cimices valent contra serpentium morsus,
Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—With eodem:id quoque collyrium eodem valet,
Cels. 6, 6, 21.—With pro:ruta per se pro antidoto valet,
Plin. 20, 13, 51, § 132.—With abl.:dictamnus valet potu et illitu et suffitu,
Plin. 26, 15, 90, § 153.— With inf.:sandaracha valet purgare, sistere, excalfacere, perrodere,
Plin. 34, 18, 55, § 177.—Of sounds: cum C ac similiter G non valuerunt, in T ac D molliuntur, i. e. were not pronounced strongly, Quint. 1, 11, 5.—B.Esp., in respect of the natural condition of the body, to be well in health, to be in a sound or healthy condition, to be healthy, hale, hearty.a.In gen.(α).Absol.:(β).equidem valeo recte et salvus sum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 36:perpetuon' valuisti?
id. Ep. 1, 1, 15; 1, 1, 18:valen'? Valuistin? valeo et valui rectius,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 12 sq.: facile omnes, quom valemus, recta consilia aegrotis damus, Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:dicit vilicus servos non valuisse,
Cato, R. R. 2, 3 sq.; 5, 6:boves ut recte valeant,
id. ib. 103:optime valere et gravissime aegrotare,
Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 43; 4, 25, 69:cura est, ut valeat,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 4:ego valeo recte et rem gero,
id. Pers. 2, 3, 34:te recte valere operamque dare, ut cottidie melius,
Cic. Fam. 11, 24, 1: deterius quam soleo, Luccei. ib. 5, 14, 1:commode,
Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 11: Ni. Benene usque valuit? Chr. Pancratice atque athletice, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 14:minus valere... melius valere,
Cic. Att. 4, 14, 1:nam matri oculi si valerent, mecum venisset simul,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 8.—With abl.:(γ).si corpore valuisset,
Cic. Brut. 20, 77:nec melius valeo quam corpore, mente,
Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; cf. Sall. J. 11, 5:pedibus,
Nep. Phoc. 4, 1:stomacho,
Juv. 6, 100.—With ab and abl.:b.ab oculis,
Gell. 13, 30, 10:a morbo,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 26; and facetiously: Me. Ain tu te valere? Eu. Pol ego haud a pecunia perbene, as to money, not very well, id. Aul. 2, 2, 9.—Esp., at the commencement of letters (very freq.), si vales, bene est, and abbreviated S. V. B. E.;c.and, more fully, with the addition ego or equidem valeo (abbrev. E. V. or E. Q. V.),
Cic. Fam. 13, 6; 14, 11; 14, 16; 14, 17; 14, 21; 14, 22; 14, 23; 14, 24; 15, 1; 15, 2; Metell. ib. 5, 1; Vatin. ib. 5, 9; Luccei. ib. 5, 14 al.; cf.:mos antiquis fuit usque ad meam servatus aetatem, primis epistulae verbis adicere: Si vales bene est,
Sen. Ep. 15, 1; so too: S. V. G. V. (si vales, gaudeo, valeo) et Tullia nostra recte V. Terentia minus belle habuit: sed certum scio jam convaluisse eam, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1.—Rarely impers. pass.:d. (α).quid agitur, Sagaristio? ut valetur?
Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 8.—In gen.: Di. Valeas. Ph. Vale, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 79: Ar. Vale. Ph. Quo properas? Ar. Bene vale, id. As. 3, 3, 16; id. Mil. 4, 8, 51:(β).bene vale, Alcumena,
id. Am. 1, 3, 1:vale atque salve,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 86; id. Curc. 4, 2, 36: vale atque salve. Th. Male vale, male sit tibi, id. ib. 4, 4, 32; v. salvus: Ly. Ad portum propero. De. Bene ambulato. Ly. Bene valeto. De. Bene sit tibi, id. Merc. 2, 2, 55:bene valete et vivite,
id. Mil. 4, 8, 30:ite intro cito: valete,
id. As. 3, 3, 155:abeo: valete, judices justissimi,
id. Capt. prol. 67:vos valete et plaudite,
Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 64:in hoc biduom vale,
id. ib. 1, 2, 110:vive valeque,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 110.—Before a vowel, scanned vale:et longum, Formose vale, vale, inquit Iolla,
Verg. E. 3, 79; Ov. M. 3, 501.—At the conclusion of letters:(γ).Vale,
Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 3; 6, 21, 3; 4, 8, 2; Luccei. ib. 5, 14, 3:cura ut valeas,
Cic. Fam. 7, 15, 2; 7, 20, 3; rarely bene vale, Mat. ib. 11, 28, 8; Cur. ib. 7, 29, 2; cf.:tu me diligis et valebis,
Cic. ib. 9, 22, 5; 15, 18, 2: fac valeas meque mutuo diligas, Planc. ib. 10, 7, 2; Mat. ib. 11, 28, 8.—Also in bidding farewell to the dead:(δ).salve aeternum mihi, maxime Palla, Aeternumque vale,
Verg. A. 11, 97; Stat. S. 3, 3, 208; cf. Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. l. l.;v. salvus: in perpetuom, frater, ave atque vale,
Cat. 101, 10:terque, Vale, dixit,
Ov. F. 3, 563:supremumque vale... dixit,
id. M. 10, 62.—As an expression of dismission, refusal, or scorn, be off, begone:(ε).valeas, tibi habeas res tuas, reddas meas,
Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 46:immo habeat, valeat, vivat cum illa,
Ter. And. 5, 3, 18:valeas, habeas illam quae placet,
id. Ad. 4, 4, 14:si talis est deus, ut nulla hominum caritate teneatur, valeat,
good-by to him, let me have nothing to do with him, Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 124:valeat res ludicra, si me Palma negata macrum, donata reducit opimum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 180: valeant, Qui inter nos discidium volunt, away with those, etc., Ter. And. 4, 2, 13:quare ista valeant: me res familiaris movet,
Cic. Att. 16, 15, 5: castra peto, valeatque Venus, valeantque puellae, farewell to Venus, etc., Tib. 2, 6, 9:valete curae,
Petr. 79; cf. Cat. 8, 12; 11, 17; Ov. Am. 1, 6, 71 sqq.—With valere jubere or dicere (sometimes as one word, vălĕdīco, ere, 3, v. n.), to bid one good-by, farewell, adieu:II.illum salutavi: post etiam jussi valere,
Cic. Att. 5, 2, 2:vix illud potui dicere triste vale,
Ov. H. 13, 14:saepe vale dicto rursus sum multa locutus,
id. Tr. 1, 3, 57:tibi valedicere non licet gratis,
Sen. Ep. 17, 11; Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 3, 1: obstinatissime [p. 1954] retinuit, ut liberti servique bis die frequentes adessent ac mane salvere, vesperi valere sibi singuli dicerent, Suet. Galb. 4 fin.; id. Aug. 53; id. Tib. 72.—So (late Lat.):vale facere (or valefacere),
August. Ep. 65; App. M. 4, p. 150, 24.Transf., to have power, force, or influence; to be powerful, effective, valid; to avail, prevail, be strong, effective, etc.A.In gen.:B.fiet enim quodcunque volent, qui valebunt: valebunt autem semper arma,
will always have the power, Cic. Fam. 9, 17, 1:fuit enim populi potestas: de civitate ne tam diu quidem valuit quam diu illa Sullani temporis arma valuerunt,
id. Dom. 30, 79:dicitur C. Flaminius ad populum valuisse dicendo,
id. Brut. 14, 57:tribunus plebis tulit... ut lex Aelia et Fufia ne valeret,
id. Red. in Sen. 5, 11:in more majorum, qui tum ut lex valebat,
id. Leg. 2, 10, 23:valuit auctoritas,
id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:verba si valent,
id. Caecin. 21, 61:(ejus) valet opinio tarditatis,
is established, id. de Or. 1, 27, 125:si conjuratio valuisset,
id. ib. 17, 7:cujus ratio non valuit,
Nep. Milt. 3, 7:jus tamen gentium valuit,
Liv. 2, 4, 7:praetor... ratus repentinum valiturum terrorem, succedit, etc.,
id. 44, 31, 6:et vestrae valuere preces,
Ov. M. 13, 89; id. P. 3, 3, 92; id. Ib. 241.—Esp.1.With respect to the source, character, or mode of exercise of the strength ascribed to the subject.a.With abl.:b.non metuo mihi... Dum quidem hoc valebit pectus perfidia meum,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 50:reliqui duo sic exaequantur, ut Domitius valeat amicis, Memmius commendetur militibus,
Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6 (17, 2):multa sanxit quae omnia magistratuum auctoritate et Halaesinorum summa voluntate valuerunt,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122:ita istam libertatem largior populo, ut auctoritate et valeant et utantur boni,
id. Leg. 3, 17, 38:quae (voluntas militum) cum per se valet multitudine,
id. Mur. 18, 38:parum valent (Graeci) verbo,
i. e. have no precise word, id. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:qui aut gratia aut misericordia valerent,
Caes. B. C. 2, 44:dicendo,
Nep. Ages. 1, 2:qui pedum cursu valet,
Verg. A. 5, 67; Quint. 9, 2, 78:Battiades... Quamvis ingenio non valet, arte valet,
Ov. Am. 1, 15, 14:plerique plus ingenio quam arte valuerunt,
Quint. 1, 8, 8:rogando,
Ov. M. 2, 183:subtilitate vincimur, valeamus pondere,
Quint. 12, 11, 8.—With in and abl.:2.Sp. Thorius satis valuit in populari genere dicendi,
Cic. Brut. 36, 136:quid facilius est quam probari in uno servulo nomen familiae non valere,
id. Caecin. 19, 55:in his maxime valet similitudo,
Quint. 6, 3, 57:mire in causis valet praesumptio,
id. 9, 2, 16:(digitus) in exprobrando et indicando valet,
id. 11, 3, 94.—With some definite end expressed, upon or towards which influence or power is exercised or directed, to be strong enough for, adequate to, or capable of any thing, to be able to do, to have force or efficacy, to be effectual, to avail, to be applicable.a.With in and acc.:b.hoc evenit, ut in volgus insipientium opinio valeat honestatis,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 63:quaecumque est hominis definitio, una in omnes valet,
id. Leg. 1, 10, 29; cf. id. Div. 2, 56, 116:cum illud verbum unde in utramque rem valeat,
id. Caecin. 31, 89:num etiam in deos inmortales inauspicatam legem valuisse? Liv 7, 6, 11: utrumque hoc genus semel injectum in L. annos valet et frugum et pabuli ubertate,
Plin. 17, 7, 4, § 44:etiamsi in utramque partem valent arma facundiae,
Quint. 2, 16, 10:hoc etiam in praeteritum valet,
id. 9, 2, 20; cf.:cum... idque in omnis partis valeret,
Cic. Fam. 4, 10, 2.—With eo: oratio me cohortabatur, ut, etc.... quod eo, credo, valebat, ut caerimonias religionesque defenderem, the force or point of which was, etc., Cic. N. D. 3, 2, 5:c.id responsum quo valeat, cum intellegeret nemo,
Nep. Them. 2, 6; cf. II. B. 3. i, infra.—With ad and acc. of thing:d. (α).tu non solum ad neglegendas leges... verum etiam ad evertendas valuisti,
Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 18: astrorum affectio valeat, si vis, ad quasdam res;ad omnis certe non valebit,
id. Fat. 4, 8:illud perficiam ut invidia mihi valeat ad gloriam,
id. Cat. 3, 12, 29:vitae adjuncta esse dicebant, quae ad virtutis usum valerent,
id. Ac. 1, 5, 21:ista quaestura ad eam rem valet, ut, etc.,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 62: neque, quod Samnites... amici vobis facti sunt, ad id valere arbitror, ne nos in amicitiam accipiamur, Liv. 7, 30, 4:eadem fictio valet et ad qualitates,
Quint. 5, 10, 99; cf. II. B. 3. infra.—With apud:(β).ibit ad illud ilico, Quo maxume apud te se valere sentiat,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 79:non quin eam (commendationem) valituram apud te arbitrarer,
Cic. Fam. 13, 16, 3:apud te veritas valebit,
id. Quint. 1, 5:sed haec eadem nunc censes apud eos ipsos valere, a quibus... conscripta sunt?
id. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:magnis meritis apud regem... valebat,
Nep. Con. 3, 1:jus bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam natura valebat,
Sall. C. 9, 1:apud magnam partem senatus et magnitudine rerum gestarum valebat et gratia,
Liv. 31, 48, 1:apud nos valeant ea, quae apud judices valere volumus,
Quint. 6, 2, 28.—With ad:e.dicitur enim C. Flaminius... ad populum valuisse dicendo,
Cic. Brut. 14, 57:clementiae fama... ad ferociores jam populos valuit,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:metus ad omnis valuit, ne deditionem recusarent,
id. 38, 28, 6.—With contra and acc.:f.hoc nonne videtur contra te valere?
Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 86:quae valeant contra falsam criminationem,
id. de Or. 2, 79, 321:ne quid esset... quod contra caput suum aut existimationem valere posset,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 71, § 173: ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:cum pro falsis contra veritatem (rhetorice) valet,
Quint. 2, 16, 2; cf. f. infra.—With pro and abl.:g.multa in adversos effudit verba penates Pro deplorato non valitura viro,
Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 46:epitheton valet pro nomine,
Quint. 8, 6, 29; cf. I. A. 2, b. supra.—With dat. gerund. (post-class. and rare):h.nam et augendae rei et minuendae valet (particula),
Gell. 5, 12, 10.—With inf. (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose;3.not in Cic. or Caes.): nam si certam finem esse viderent Aerumnarum homines, aliqua ratione valerent Religionibus... obsistere,
Lucr. 1, 108:hanc ob rem vitam retinere valemus,
id. 3, 257:nec continere suos ab direptione castrorum valuit,
Liv. 38, 23, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.:quam (urbem) neque finitimi valuerunt perdere Marsi,
Hor. Epod. 16, 3:cetera... adeo sunt multa, loquacem Delassare valent Fabium,
id. S. 1, 1, 13; id. C. 4, 7, 27:nec valuit locos coeptos avertere cursus,
Tib. 4, 1, 55:qui relicti erant... ne conspectum quidem hostis sustinere valuerunt,
Curt. 3, 4, 5:neque ex eo infamiam discutere valuit,
Suet. Caes. 79.—With things as subj.:ergo fungar vice cotis, acutum Reddere quae ferrum valet,
Hor. A. P. 305; cf. I. A. 2. b, supra.—Esp.,With adverbial qualifications expressing the degree of power or influence exerted, etc.; very freq. with accs- multum, plus, plurimum, parum, minus, minimum, nihil, tantum, quantum, quid, id, idem, quiddam, quidquam, quidquid, etc.(α).Edepol, Cupido, cum tu tam pusillu's, nimis multum vales, Naev. ap. Non. 421, 25 (Com. Rel. v. 55 Rib.):(β).plus potest qui plus valet,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38:neque ita inperita (sum), ut quid amor valeat nesciam,
Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 42.—So absol.: nam opulenti cum locuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Eadem dicta eademque oratio aequa non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4, 3 (Trag. Rel. v. 230 Vahl.):ignari quid gravitas... quid denique virtus valeret,
Cic. Sest. 28, 60:illa obnuntiatio nihil valuit, aut, si valuit, id valuit, ut, etc.,
id. Div. 1, 16, 30: omnia veniebant Antonio in mentem;eaque suo quaeque loco, ubi plurimum proficere et valere possent... collocabantur,
id. Brut. 37, 139:cur minus Venena Medaeae valent?
Hor. Epod. 5. 62.—With abl.:(γ).quod tibi lubet fac, quoniam pugnis plus vales,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 240; cf.v. 234: quicquid possunt, pedestribus valent copiis,
Caes. B. G. 2, 17:qui plus opibus, armis, potentia valent, perfecisse mihi videntur... ut etiam auctoritate jam plus valerent,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 10:quasi vero ego... in isto genere omnino quidquam aut curatione aut potestate valuissem,
id. Dom. 6, 14:Ti. Coruncanium longe plurimum ingenio valuisse,
id. Brut. 14, 55:quantum gratia, auctoritate, pecunia valerent,
Caes. B. G. 7, 63:Caesar multum equitatu valebat,
id. B. C. 1, 61:cum tantum equitatu valeamus,
id. ib. 3, 86:equitatu plurimum valere,
id. B. G. 3, 20; Nep. Alcib. 8, 2.—With in and abl.:(δ).nihil putas valere in judiciis conjecturam, nihil suspitionem, nihil ante actae vitae existimationem, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 146:hic multum in Fabia (tribu) valet, ille Velina,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 52. —With ad and acc.:(ε).multum valuisse ad patris honorem pietas filii videbitur,
Cic. Phil. 9, 5, 12:ex quo intellegitur, plus terrarum situs, quam lunae tractus, ad nascendum valere,
id. Div. 2, 46, 97:valet igitur multum ad vincendum probari mores eorum, qui agent causas,
id. de Or. 2, 43, 182:ad subeundem periculum et ad vitandum multum fortuna valuit,
Caes. B. G. 6, 30:genus ad probandam speciem minimum valet,
Quint. 5, 10, 56.—With apud and acc. of pers., to have influence, be influential, have weight with, influence:(ζ).apud quem (Caesarem) quicquid valebo vel auctoritate, vel gratia, valebo tibi,
Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 13:utrum apud eos pudor atque officium, an timor plus valeret,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:tantum apud homines barbaros valuit, esse repertos aliquos principes belli inferendi,
id. ib. 5, 54:potestis constituere, hanc auctoritatem quantum apud exteras nationes valituram esse existimetis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 46:non modo praemiis, quae apud me minimum valent, sed ne periculis quidem conpulsus ullis,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 11:facinus esse indignum, plus impudicissimae mulieris apud te de Cleomenis salute quam de sua vita lacrimas matris valere,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112:apud quem ut multum gratia valeret, effecit,
Nep. Con. 2, 1.—With contra: cur desperemus veritatem contra fallacem facundiam valituram? prevail, Lact. Opif. Dei, 20, 5; cf. Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8, II. B. 2, e. supra.—(η).With pro:(θ).pro periculo magis quam contra salutem valere,
Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; cf.:quod minus multitudine militum legionariorum pro hostium numero valebat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 51.—With inter:(ι).plurimum inter eos Bellovacos et virtute, et auctoritate, et hominum numero valere,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4.—With adv. of pur pose:C.hoc eo valebat, ut ingratiis ad de pugnandum omnes cogerentur,
Nep. Them. 4, 4:non tamen hoc eo valet, ut fugien dae sint magnae scholae,
Quint. 1, 2, 16:nescis quo valeat nummus, quem praebeat usum?
Hor. S. 1, 1, 73; cf. II. B. 2. b. supra. —Idiomatic uses.1.Of money value, to be of the value of, be worth: denarii, quod denos aeris valebant;2.quinarii, quod quinos,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 173 Mull.:dum pro argenteis decem aureus unus valeret,
Liv. 38, 11, 8:ita ut scrupulum valeret sestertiis vicenis,
Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 47:si haec praedia valeant nunc decem,
Dig. 24, 1, 7, § 4:quasi minimo valeret hereditas,
ib. 19, 1, 13:quanti omnibus valet (servus),
ib. 9, 2, 33; 5, 3, 25, § 1.—Of the signification of words, sentences, etc.; like the Gr. dunasthai, to mean, signify, import:A.quaerimus verbum Latinum par Graeco et quod idem valeat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 13: non usquam id quidem dicit omnino;sed quae dicit, idem valent,
id. Tusc. 5, 10, 24:quamquam vocabula prope idem valere videantur,
id. Top. 8, 34:hoc verbum quid valeat, non vident,
id. Off. 3, 9, 39: cui nomen Becco fuerat;id valet gallinacei rostrum,
Suet. Vit. 18:pransus quoque atque potus diversum valent quam indicant,
Quint. 1, 4, 29 et saep.:et intellego et sentio et video saepe idem valent quod scio,
id. 10, 1, 13:duo quae idem significant ac tantumdem valent,
id. 1, 5, 4.—Hence, vălens, entis, P. a., strong, stout, vigorous, powerful (class.).Lit.1.In gen.: nil moro discipulos mihi esse plenos sanguinis;2.valens adflictet me,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 1, 44:virgatores,
id. As. 3, 2, 19:robusti et valentes et audaces satellites,
Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 84:cum homo imbecillus a valentissima bestia laniatur,
id. Fam. 7, 1, 3:valentissimi lictores,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142:homines,
id. Phil. 12, 10, 24; Suet. Aug. 35:hic membris et mole valens,
Verg. A. 5, 431:membris valens,
Ov. M. 9, 108:corpore esse vegeto et valenti,
Gell. 3, 1, 11:nervi musculique,
Cels. 8, 20:trunci,
Verg. G. 2, 426: scire oportet, omnia legumina generis valentissimi esse: valentissimum voco, in quo plurimum alimenti est... Ex leguminibus valentior faba quam pisum, etc., strongest, i. e. most nutritire, Cels. 2, 18:tunicae,
stout, thick, Ov. A. A. 3, 109: providendum ne infirmiores (apes) a valentioribus [p. 1955] opprimantur, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 35.—In partic.a.Well in health, healthy, hale, hearty:b.valeo et venio ad minus valentem,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 24:medicus plane confirmat, propediem te valentem fore,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:puer, hora undecima cum valens in publico visus esset, ante noctem mortuus est,
id. Clu. 9, 27; cf.valens (opp. imbecillus),
id. Fam. 16, 5, 2:(sensus) si sani sunt et valentes,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 19:si valens corpus est neque magno opere vexatum,
Cels. 7, 26, 5:sive aegra, sive valens,
Prop. 2, 21 (3, 14), 20.— Subst.:qui enim aegris subveniretur, quae esset oblectatio valentium, nisi, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 4, 15;so opp. aeger,
id. de Or. 2, 44, 186.—Of medicines, strong, powerful, active:B.valens est adversus cancerem intestinorum minii gleba,
Cels. 4, 15 fin.:medicamenta,
id. 1, 3 med.:silvestri (papaveri capita) ad omnes effectus valentiora,
Plin. 20, 18, 76, § 202; cf. id. 22, 22, 43, § 87.—Trop., strong, powerful, mighty:1.mallem tantas ei (Caesari) vires non dedisset (res publica) quam nunc tam valenti resisteret,
Cic. Att. 7, 3, 4:fuit quondam ita firma haec civitas et valens,
id. Har. Resp. 28, 60:cum valentiore pugnare,
id. Fam. 5, 21, 2:valens dialecticus,
id. Fat. 6, 12:ut fieri nihil possit valentius,
id. Brut. 16, 64:Philippus jam tum valens multa moliebatur,
Nep. Timoth. 3, 1:opibus jam valentes,
id. Eum. 10, 3:argumenta valentiora,
Quint. 5, 13, 12:quid pars adversa habeat valentissimum,
id. 5, 13, 52:nec fraus valentior quam consilium meum,
Cic. Univ. 11:ad letum causae satis valentes,
Ov. M. 5, 174; so,causae,
id. Tr. 1, 8, 29:causa valentior,
id. P. 1, 10, 35:deus morbo omni valentior,
Stat. S. 1, 4, 111:oppida valentissima,
Nep. Ham. 2, 4.—Hence, adv.: vălenter, strongly, stoutly, powerfully, violently (perh. not ante-Aug.).Lit.:2.resistere,
Col. 1, 5, 9; 3, 2, 15:nimis valenter ibi retenta materia,
Cels. 5, 26, 21:praeceps spirare valentius Eurus (coepit),
Ov. M. 11, 481.—Trop., of speech, forcibly, energetically:non diu dicebat sed valenter,
Sen. Contr. 3, 22 med.:si verba numeres, breviter et abscise: si sensum aestimes, copiose et valenter,
Val. Max. 3, 7, ext. 6. -
50 valeo
vălĕo, ui, itum, 2, v. n. [kindr. with Sanscr. bala, vis, robur, balishtas, fortissimus; cf. debilis], to be strong.I.Lit., of physical strength, vigor, or health.A. 1.Absol.: verum illi valent, qui vi luctantur cum leonibus, Pomp. ap. Non. 112, 4 (Com. Rel. v. 176 Rib.):2.puer ille (Hercules recens natus) ut magnus est et multum valet!
Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 51: plus potest, qui plus valet: Vir erat;plus valebat,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 38 sq.:sanus homo, qui bene valet,
Cels. 1, 1 init.:si magis valet,
id. 3, 18:si satis valet (= si satis validae vires sunt, just before),
id. 4, 7 init.:prout nervi valent,
id. 8, 16.—Of plants:vitem novellam resecari tum erit tempus ubi valebit,
Cato, R. R. 33, 3 sq. —To be strong in or for something, to have the power or strength, be in condition to do something, etc.a.Of personal subjects, etc.(α).With ad and acc.:(β).alios videmus velocitate ad cursum, alios viribus ad luctandum valere,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 107.—With inf.:b.manibus pedibusque morbo distortissimis, ut neque calceum perpeti nec libellos evolvere valeret,
Suet. Galb. 21:mustela cum mures veloces non valeret assequi,
Phaedr. 4, 1, 10:valet ima summis Mutare deus,
Hor. C. 1, 34, 12; cf. II. B. 2. h. infra; cf.:illud mirari mitte, quod non valet e lapide hoc alias impellere res,
Lucr. 6, 1057:versate diu quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri (sc. ferre),
Hor. A. P. 40:nec valuere manus infixum educere telum,
Ov. M. 13, 393; 12, 101; Col. 6, 25 fin. —Of remedies or medicines, to be efficacious, be good for any thing; with ad and acc.:c.fimum potum ad dysentericos valet,
Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 105.—With contra:cimices valent contra serpentium morsus,
Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—With eodem:id quoque collyrium eodem valet,
Cels. 6, 6, 21.—With pro:ruta per se pro antidoto valet,
Plin. 20, 13, 51, § 132.—With abl.:dictamnus valet potu et illitu et suffitu,
Plin. 26, 15, 90, § 153.— With inf.:sandaracha valet purgare, sistere, excalfacere, perrodere,
Plin. 34, 18, 55, § 177.—Of sounds: cum C ac similiter G non valuerunt, in T ac D molliuntur, i. e. were not pronounced strongly, Quint. 1, 11, 5.—B.Esp., in respect of the natural condition of the body, to be well in health, to be in a sound or healthy condition, to be healthy, hale, hearty.a.In gen.(α).Absol.:(β).equidem valeo recte et salvus sum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 36:perpetuon' valuisti?
id. Ep. 1, 1, 15; 1, 1, 18:valen'? Valuistin? valeo et valui rectius,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 12 sq.: facile omnes, quom valemus, recta consilia aegrotis damus, Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:dicit vilicus servos non valuisse,
Cato, R. R. 2, 3 sq.; 5, 6:boves ut recte valeant,
id. ib. 103:optime valere et gravissime aegrotare,
Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 43; 4, 25, 69:cura est, ut valeat,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 4:ego valeo recte et rem gero,
id. Pers. 2, 3, 34:te recte valere operamque dare, ut cottidie melius,
Cic. Fam. 11, 24, 1: deterius quam soleo, Luccei. ib. 5, 14, 1:commode,
Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 11: Ni. Benene usque valuit? Chr. Pancratice atque athletice, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 14:minus valere... melius valere,
Cic. Att. 4, 14, 1:nam matri oculi si valerent, mecum venisset simul,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 8.—With abl.:(γ).si corpore valuisset,
Cic. Brut. 20, 77:nec melius valeo quam corpore, mente,
Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; cf. Sall. J. 11, 5:pedibus,
Nep. Phoc. 4, 1:stomacho,
Juv. 6, 100.—With ab and abl.:b.ab oculis,
Gell. 13, 30, 10:a morbo,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 26; and facetiously: Me. Ain tu te valere? Eu. Pol ego haud a pecunia perbene, as to money, not very well, id. Aul. 2, 2, 9.—Esp., at the commencement of letters (very freq.), si vales, bene est, and abbreviated S. V. B. E.;c.and, more fully, with the addition ego or equidem valeo (abbrev. E. V. or E. Q. V.),
Cic. Fam. 13, 6; 14, 11; 14, 16; 14, 17; 14, 21; 14, 22; 14, 23; 14, 24; 15, 1; 15, 2; Metell. ib. 5, 1; Vatin. ib. 5, 9; Luccei. ib. 5, 14 al.; cf.:mos antiquis fuit usque ad meam servatus aetatem, primis epistulae verbis adicere: Si vales bene est,
Sen. Ep. 15, 1; so too: S. V. G. V. (si vales, gaudeo, valeo) et Tullia nostra recte V. Terentia minus belle habuit: sed certum scio jam convaluisse eam, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1.—Rarely impers. pass.:d. (α).quid agitur, Sagaristio? ut valetur?
Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 8.—In gen.: Di. Valeas. Ph. Vale, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 79: Ar. Vale. Ph. Quo properas? Ar. Bene vale, id. As. 3, 3, 16; id. Mil. 4, 8, 51:(β).bene vale, Alcumena,
id. Am. 1, 3, 1:vale atque salve,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 86; id. Curc. 4, 2, 36: vale atque salve. Th. Male vale, male sit tibi, id. ib. 4, 4, 32; v. salvus: Ly. Ad portum propero. De. Bene ambulato. Ly. Bene valeto. De. Bene sit tibi, id. Merc. 2, 2, 55:bene valete et vivite,
id. Mil. 4, 8, 30:ite intro cito: valete,
id. As. 3, 3, 155:abeo: valete, judices justissimi,
id. Capt. prol. 67:vos valete et plaudite,
Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 64:in hoc biduom vale,
id. ib. 1, 2, 110:vive valeque,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 110.—Before a vowel, scanned vale:et longum, Formose vale, vale, inquit Iolla,
Verg. E. 3, 79; Ov. M. 3, 501.—At the conclusion of letters:(γ).Vale,
Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 3; 6, 21, 3; 4, 8, 2; Luccei. ib. 5, 14, 3:cura ut valeas,
Cic. Fam. 7, 15, 2; 7, 20, 3; rarely bene vale, Mat. ib. 11, 28, 8; Cur. ib. 7, 29, 2; cf.:tu me diligis et valebis,
Cic. ib. 9, 22, 5; 15, 18, 2: fac valeas meque mutuo diligas, Planc. ib. 10, 7, 2; Mat. ib. 11, 28, 8.—Also in bidding farewell to the dead:(δ).salve aeternum mihi, maxime Palla, Aeternumque vale,
Verg. A. 11, 97; Stat. S. 3, 3, 208; cf. Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. l. l.;v. salvus: in perpetuom, frater, ave atque vale,
Cat. 101, 10:terque, Vale, dixit,
Ov. F. 3, 563:supremumque vale... dixit,
id. M. 10, 62.—As an expression of dismission, refusal, or scorn, be off, begone:(ε).valeas, tibi habeas res tuas, reddas meas,
Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 46:immo habeat, valeat, vivat cum illa,
Ter. And. 5, 3, 18:valeas, habeas illam quae placet,
id. Ad. 4, 4, 14:si talis est deus, ut nulla hominum caritate teneatur, valeat,
good-by to him, let me have nothing to do with him, Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 124:valeat res ludicra, si me Palma negata macrum, donata reducit opimum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 180: valeant, Qui inter nos discidium volunt, away with those, etc., Ter. And. 4, 2, 13:quare ista valeant: me res familiaris movet,
Cic. Att. 16, 15, 5: castra peto, valeatque Venus, valeantque puellae, farewell to Venus, etc., Tib. 2, 6, 9:valete curae,
Petr. 79; cf. Cat. 8, 12; 11, 17; Ov. Am. 1, 6, 71 sqq.—With valere jubere or dicere (sometimes as one word, vălĕdīco, ere, 3, v. n.), to bid one good-by, farewell, adieu:II.illum salutavi: post etiam jussi valere,
Cic. Att. 5, 2, 2:vix illud potui dicere triste vale,
Ov. H. 13, 14:saepe vale dicto rursus sum multa locutus,
id. Tr. 1, 3, 57:tibi valedicere non licet gratis,
Sen. Ep. 17, 11; Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 3, 1: obstinatissime [p. 1954] retinuit, ut liberti servique bis die frequentes adessent ac mane salvere, vesperi valere sibi singuli dicerent, Suet. Galb. 4 fin.; id. Aug. 53; id. Tib. 72.—So (late Lat.):vale facere (or valefacere),
August. Ep. 65; App. M. 4, p. 150, 24.Transf., to have power, force, or influence; to be powerful, effective, valid; to avail, prevail, be strong, effective, etc.A.In gen.:B.fiet enim quodcunque volent, qui valebunt: valebunt autem semper arma,
will always have the power, Cic. Fam. 9, 17, 1:fuit enim populi potestas: de civitate ne tam diu quidem valuit quam diu illa Sullani temporis arma valuerunt,
id. Dom. 30, 79:dicitur C. Flaminius ad populum valuisse dicendo,
id. Brut. 14, 57:tribunus plebis tulit... ut lex Aelia et Fufia ne valeret,
id. Red. in Sen. 5, 11:in more majorum, qui tum ut lex valebat,
id. Leg. 2, 10, 23:valuit auctoritas,
id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:verba si valent,
id. Caecin. 21, 61:(ejus) valet opinio tarditatis,
is established, id. de Or. 1, 27, 125:si conjuratio valuisset,
id. ib. 17, 7:cujus ratio non valuit,
Nep. Milt. 3, 7:jus tamen gentium valuit,
Liv. 2, 4, 7:praetor... ratus repentinum valiturum terrorem, succedit, etc.,
id. 44, 31, 6:et vestrae valuere preces,
Ov. M. 13, 89; id. P. 3, 3, 92; id. Ib. 241.—Esp.1.With respect to the source, character, or mode of exercise of the strength ascribed to the subject.a.With abl.:b.non metuo mihi... Dum quidem hoc valebit pectus perfidia meum,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 50:reliqui duo sic exaequantur, ut Domitius valeat amicis, Memmius commendetur militibus,
Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6 (17, 2):multa sanxit quae omnia magistratuum auctoritate et Halaesinorum summa voluntate valuerunt,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122:ita istam libertatem largior populo, ut auctoritate et valeant et utantur boni,
id. Leg. 3, 17, 38:quae (voluntas militum) cum per se valet multitudine,
id. Mur. 18, 38:parum valent (Graeci) verbo,
i. e. have no precise word, id. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:qui aut gratia aut misericordia valerent,
Caes. B. C. 2, 44:dicendo,
Nep. Ages. 1, 2:qui pedum cursu valet,
Verg. A. 5, 67; Quint. 9, 2, 78:Battiades... Quamvis ingenio non valet, arte valet,
Ov. Am. 1, 15, 14:plerique plus ingenio quam arte valuerunt,
Quint. 1, 8, 8:rogando,
Ov. M. 2, 183:subtilitate vincimur, valeamus pondere,
Quint. 12, 11, 8.—With in and abl.:2.Sp. Thorius satis valuit in populari genere dicendi,
Cic. Brut. 36, 136:quid facilius est quam probari in uno servulo nomen familiae non valere,
id. Caecin. 19, 55:in his maxime valet similitudo,
Quint. 6, 3, 57:mire in causis valet praesumptio,
id. 9, 2, 16:(digitus) in exprobrando et indicando valet,
id. 11, 3, 94.—With some definite end expressed, upon or towards which influence or power is exercised or directed, to be strong enough for, adequate to, or capable of any thing, to be able to do, to have force or efficacy, to be effectual, to avail, to be applicable.a.With in and acc.:b.hoc evenit, ut in volgus insipientium opinio valeat honestatis,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 63:quaecumque est hominis definitio, una in omnes valet,
id. Leg. 1, 10, 29; cf. id. Div. 2, 56, 116:cum illud verbum unde in utramque rem valeat,
id. Caecin. 31, 89:num etiam in deos inmortales inauspicatam legem valuisse? Liv 7, 6, 11: utrumque hoc genus semel injectum in L. annos valet et frugum et pabuli ubertate,
Plin. 17, 7, 4, § 44:etiamsi in utramque partem valent arma facundiae,
Quint. 2, 16, 10:hoc etiam in praeteritum valet,
id. 9, 2, 20; cf.:cum... idque in omnis partis valeret,
Cic. Fam. 4, 10, 2.—With eo: oratio me cohortabatur, ut, etc.... quod eo, credo, valebat, ut caerimonias religionesque defenderem, the force or point of which was, etc., Cic. N. D. 3, 2, 5:c.id responsum quo valeat, cum intellegeret nemo,
Nep. Them. 2, 6; cf. II. B. 3. i, infra.—With ad and acc. of thing:d. (α).tu non solum ad neglegendas leges... verum etiam ad evertendas valuisti,
Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 18: astrorum affectio valeat, si vis, ad quasdam res;ad omnis certe non valebit,
id. Fat. 4, 8:illud perficiam ut invidia mihi valeat ad gloriam,
id. Cat. 3, 12, 29:vitae adjuncta esse dicebant, quae ad virtutis usum valerent,
id. Ac. 1, 5, 21:ista quaestura ad eam rem valet, ut, etc.,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 62: neque, quod Samnites... amici vobis facti sunt, ad id valere arbitror, ne nos in amicitiam accipiamur, Liv. 7, 30, 4:eadem fictio valet et ad qualitates,
Quint. 5, 10, 99; cf. II. B. 3. infra.—With apud:(β).ibit ad illud ilico, Quo maxume apud te se valere sentiat,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 79:non quin eam (commendationem) valituram apud te arbitrarer,
Cic. Fam. 13, 16, 3:apud te veritas valebit,
id. Quint. 1, 5:sed haec eadem nunc censes apud eos ipsos valere, a quibus... conscripta sunt?
id. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:magnis meritis apud regem... valebat,
Nep. Con. 3, 1:jus bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam natura valebat,
Sall. C. 9, 1:apud magnam partem senatus et magnitudine rerum gestarum valebat et gratia,
Liv. 31, 48, 1:apud nos valeant ea, quae apud judices valere volumus,
Quint. 6, 2, 28.—With ad:e.dicitur enim C. Flaminius... ad populum valuisse dicendo,
Cic. Brut. 14, 57:clementiae fama... ad ferociores jam populos valuit,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:metus ad omnis valuit, ne deditionem recusarent,
id. 38, 28, 6.—With contra and acc.:f.hoc nonne videtur contra te valere?
Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 86:quae valeant contra falsam criminationem,
id. de Or. 2, 79, 321:ne quid esset... quod contra caput suum aut existimationem valere posset,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 71, § 173: ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:cum pro falsis contra veritatem (rhetorice) valet,
Quint. 2, 16, 2; cf. f. infra.—With pro and abl.:g.multa in adversos effudit verba penates Pro deplorato non valitura viro,
Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 46:epitheton valet pro nomine,
Quint. 8, 6, 29; cf. I. A. 2, b. supra.—With dat. gerund. (post-class. and rare):h.nam et augendae rei et minuendae valet (particula),
Gell. 5, 12, 10.—With inf. (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose;3.not in Cic. or Caes.): nam si certam finem esse viderent Aerumnarum homines, aliqua ratione valerent Religionibus... obsistere,
Lucr. 1, 108:hanc ob rem vitam retinere valemus,
id. 3, 257:nec continere suos ab direptione castrorum valuit,
Liv. 38, 23, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.:quam (urbem) neque finitimi valuerunt perdere Marsi,
Hor. Epod. 16, 3:cetera... adeo sunt multa, loquacem Delassare valent Fabium,
id. S. 1, 1, 13; id. C. 4, 7, 27:nec valuit locos coeptos avertere cursus,
Tib. 4, 1, 55:qui relicti erant... ne conspectum quidem hostis sustinere valuerunt,
Curt. 3, 4, 5:neque ex eo infamiam discutere valuit,
Suet. Caes. 79.—With things as subj.:ergo fungar vice cotis, acutum Reddere quae ferrum valet,
Hor. A. P. 305; cf. I. A. 2. b, supra.—Esp.,With adverbial qualifications expressing the degree of power or influence exerted, etc.; very freq. with accs- multum, plus, plurimum, parum, minus, minimum, nihil, tantum, quantum, quid, id, idem, quiddam, quidquam, quidquid, etc.(α).Edepol, Cupido, cum tu tam pusillu's, nimis multum vales, Naev. ap. Non. 421, 25 (Com. Rel. v. 55 Rib.):(β).plus potest qui plus valet,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38:neque ita inperita (sum), ut quid amor valeat nesciam,
Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 42.—So absol.: nam opulenti cum locuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Eadem dicta eademque oratio aequa non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4, 3 (Trag. Rel. v. 230 Vahl.):ignari quid gravitas... quid denique virtus valeret,
Cic. Sest. 28, 60:illa obnuntiatio nihil valuit, aut, si valuit, id valuit, ut, etc.,
id. Div. 1, 16, 30: omnia veniebant Antonio in mentem;eaque suo quaeque loco, ubi plurimum proficere et valere possent... collocabantur,
id. Brut. 37, 139:cur minus Venena Medaeae valent?
Hor. Epod. 5. 62.—With abl.:(γ).quod tibi lubet fac, quoniam pugnis plus vales,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 240; cf.v. 234: quicquid possunt, pedestribus valent copiis,
Caes. B. G. 2, 17:qui plus opibus, armis, potentia valent, perfecisse mihi videntur... ut etiam auctoritate jam plus valerent,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 10:quasi vero ego... in isto genere omnino quidquam aut curatione aut potestate valuissem,
id. Dom. 6, 14:Ti. Coruncanium longe plurimum ingenio valuisse,
id. Brut. 14, 55:quantum gratia, auctoritate, pecunia valerent,
Caes. B. G. 7, 63:Caesar multum equitatu valebat,
id. B. C. 1, 61:cum tantum equitatu valeamus,
id. ib. 3, 86:equitatu plurimum valere,
id. B. G. 3, 20; Nep. Alcib. 8, 2.—With in and abl.:(δ).nihil putas valere in judiciis conjecturam, nihil suspitionem, nihil ante actae vitae existimationem, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 146:hic multum in Fabia (tribu) valet, ille Velina,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 52. —With ad and acc.:(ε).multum valuisse ad patris honorem pietas filii videbitur,
Cic. Phil. 9, 5, 12:ex quo intellegitur, plus terrarum situs, quam lunae tractus, ad nascendum valere,
id. Div. 2, 46, 97:valet igitur multum ad vincendum probari mores eorum, qui agent causas,
id. de Or. 2, 43, 182:ad subeundem periculum et ad vitandum multum fortuna valuit,
Caes. B. G. 6, 30:genus ad probandam speciem minimum valet,
Quint. 5, 10, 56.—With apud and acc. of pers., to have influence, be influential, have weight with, influence:(ζ).apud quem (Caesarem) quicquid valebo vel auctoritate, vel gratia, valebo tibi,
Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 13:utrum apud eos pudor atque officium, an timor plus valeret,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:tantum apud homines barbaros valuit, esse repertos aliquos principes belli inferendi,
id. ib. 5, 54:potestis constituere, hanc auctoritatem quantum apud exteras nationes valituram esse existimetis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 46:non modo praemiis, quae apud me minimum valent, sed ne periculis quidem conpulsus ullis,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 11:facinus esse indignum, plus impudicissimae mulieris apud te de Cleomenis salute quam de sua vita lacrimas matris valere,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112:apud quem ut multum gratia valeret, effecit,
Nep. Con. 2, 1.—With contra: cur desperemus veritatem contra fallacem facundiam valituram? prevail, Lact. Opif. Dei, 20, 5; cf. Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8, II. B. 2, e. supra.—(η).With pro:(θ).pro periculo magis quam contra salutem valere,
Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; cf.:quod minus multitudine militum legionariorum pro hostium numero valebat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 51.—With inter:(ι).plurimum inter eos Bellovacos et virtute, et auctoritate, et hominum numero valere,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4.—With adv. of pur pose:C.hoc eo valebat, ut ingratiis ad de pugnandum omnes cogerentur,
Nep. Them. 4, 4:non tamen hoc eo valet, ut fugien dae sint magnae scholae,
Quint. 1, 2, 16:nescis quo valeat nummus, quem praebeat usum?
Hor. S. 1, 1, 73; cf. II. B. 2. b. supra. —Idiomatic uses.1.Of money value, to be of the value of, be worth: denarii, quod denos aeris valebant;2.quinarii, quod quinos,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 173 Mull.:dum pro argenteis decem aureus unus valeret,
Liv. 38, 11, 8:ita ut scrupulum valeret sestertiis vicenis,
Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 47:si haec praedia valeant nunc decem,
Dig. 24, 1, 7, § 4:quasi minimo valeret hereditas,
ib. 19, 1, 13:quanti omnibus valet (servus),
ib. 9, 2, 33; 5, 3, 25, § 1.—Of the signification of words, sentences, etc.; like the Gr. dunasthai, to mean, signify, import:A.quaerimus verbum Latinum par Graeco et quod idem valeat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 13: non usquam id quidem dicit omnino;sed quae dicit, idem valent,
id. Tusc. 5, 10, 24:quamquam vocabula prope idem valere videantur,
id. Top. 8, 34:hoc verbum quid valeat, non vident,
id. Off. 3, 9, 39: cui nomen Becco fuerat;id valet gallinacei rostrum,
Suet. Vit. 18:pransus quoque atque potus diversum valent quam indicant,
Quint. 1, 4, 29 et saep.:et intellego et sentio et video saepe idem valent quod scio,
id. 10, 1, 13:duo quae idem significant ac tantumdem valent,
id. 1, 5, 4.—Hence, vălens, entis, P. a., strong, stout, vigorous, powerful (class.).Lit.1.In gen.: nil moro discipulos mihi esse plenos sanguinis;2.valens adflictet me,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 1, 44:virgatores,
id. As. 3, 2, 19:robusti et valentes et audaces satellites,
Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 84:cum homo imbecillus a valentissima bestia laniatur,
id. Fam. 7, 1, 3:valentissimi lictores,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142:homines,
id. Phil. 12, 10, 24; Suet. Aug. 35:hic membris et mole valens,
Verg. A. 5, 431:membris valens,
Ov. M. 9, 108:corpore esse vegeto et valenti,
Gell. 3, 1, 11:nervi musculique,
Cels. 8, 20:trunci,
Verg. G. 2, 426: scire oportet, omnia legumina generis valentissimi esse: valentissimum voco, in quo plurimum alimenti est... Ex leguminibus valentior faba quam pisum, etc., strongest, i. e. most nutritire, Cels. 2, 18:tunicae,
stout, thick, Ov. A. A. 3, 109: providendum ne infirmiores (apes) a valentioribus [p. 1955] opprimantur, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 35.—In partic.a.Well in health, healthy, hale, hearty:b.valeo et venio ad minus valentem,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 24:medicus plane confirmat, propediem te valentem fore,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:puer, hora undecima cum valens in publico visus esset, ante noctem mortuus est,
id. Clu. 9, 27; cf.valens (opp. imbecillus),
id. Fam. 16, 5, 2:(sensus) si sani sunt et valentes,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 19:si valens corpus est neque magno opere vexatum,
Cels. 7, 26, 5:sive aegra, sive valens,
Prop. 2, 21 (3, 14), 20.— Subst.:qui enim aegris subveniretur, quae esset oblectatio valentium, nisi, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 4, 15;so opp. aeger,
id. de Or. 2, 44, 186.—Of medicines, strong, powerful, active:B.valens est adversus cancerem intestinorum minii gleba,
Cels. 4, 15 fin.:medicamenta,
id. 1, 3 med.:silvestri (papaveri capita) ad omnes effectus valentiora,
Plin. 20, 18, 76, § 202; cf. id. 22, 22, 43, § 87.—Trop., strong, powerful, mighty:1.mallem tantas ei (Caesari) vires non dedisset (res publica) quam nunc tam valenti resisteret,
Cic. Att. 7, 3, 4:fuit quondam ita firma haec civitas et valens,
id. Har. Resp. 28, 60:cum valentiore pugnare,
id. Fam. 5, 21, 2:valens dialecticus,
id. Fat. 6, 12:ut fieri nihil possit valentius,
id. Brut. 16, 64:Philippus jam tum valens multa moliebatur,
Nep. Timoth. 3, 1:opibus jam valentes,
id. Eum. 10, 3:argumenta valentiora,
Quint. 5, 13, 12:quid pars adversa habeat valentissimum,
id. 5, 13, 52:nec fraus valentior quam consilium meum,
Cic. Univ. 11:ad letum causae satis valentes,
Ov. M. 5, 174; so,causae,
id. Tr. 1, 8, 29:causa valentior,
id. P. 1, 10, 35:deus morbo omni valentior,
Stat. S. 1, 4, 111:oppida valentissima,
Nep. Ham. 2, 4.—Hence, adv.: vălenter, strongly, stoutly, powerfully, violently (perh. not ante-Aug.).Lit.:2.resistere,
Col. 1, 5, 9; 3, 2, 15:nimis valenter ibi retenta materia,
Cels. 5, 26, 21:praeceps spirare valentius Eurus (coepit),
Ov. M. 11, 481.—Trop., of speech, forcibly, energetically:non diu dicebat sed valenter,
Sen. Contr. 3, 22 med.:si verba numeres, breviter et abscise: si sensum aestimes, copiose et valenter,
Val. Max. 3, 7, ext. 6. -
51 volo
1.vŏlo (2 d pers. sing. vis, orig. veis, Prisc. 9, 1, 6, p. 847 P.; 1 st pers. plur. volumus, but volimus, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 89 Speng.; 3 d pers. sing. volt, and 2 d pers. plur. voltis always in ante-class. writers;I.also volt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17, § 42; 2, 5, 49, § 128; id. Sest. 42, 90; id. Phil. 8, 9, 26; id. Par. 5, 1, 34; id. Rep. 3, 33, 45:voltis,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 53, § 122; 2, 3, 94, § 219; 2, 5, 5, § 11; 2, 3, 89, § 208; id. Clu. 30, 83; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 33; id. Sest. 30, 64; id. Par. 1, 2, 11 et saep. — Pres. subj. velim, but sometimes volim, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 44 Ritschl; cf. Prisc. 9, 1, 8, p. 848 P.;so volint,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 65 Ritschl), velle, volui ( part. fut. voliturus, Serv. ad Verg. A. 5, 712; contr. forms, vin for visne, freq. in Plaut. and Ter., also Hor. S. 1, 9, 69; Pers. 6, 63:sis for si vis,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 70; id. Merc. 4, 4, 37; id. Pers. 3, 3, 8; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 38; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 42; id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; id. Mil. 22, 60; Liv. 34, 32, 20:sultis for si voltis, only ante-class.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 8; id. As. prol. 1; id. Capt. 2, 3, 96; 3, 5, 9; 4, 4, 11), v. irreg. a. [Sanscr. var-; Gr. bol-, boulomai; cf. the strengthened root Wel- in eeldomai, elpomai; Germ. wollen; Engl. will], expressing any exercise of volition, and corresponding, in most cases, to the Germ. wollen; in Engl. mostly rendered, to wish, want, intend, purpose, propose, be willing, consent, mean, will, and, impersonally, it is my will, purpose, intention, plan, policy (syn.: cupio, opto; but volo properly implies a purpose).In gen.A.With object-infinitive.1.With pres. inf.a.To wish.(α).Exire ex urbe priusquam luciscat volo, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 35:(β).potare ego hodie tecum volo,
id. Aul. 3, 6, 33:ego quoque volo esse liber: nequiquam volo,
id. Trin. 2, 4, 39; so id. ib. 2, 4, 164:ait rem seriam agere velle mecum,
Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 8:natus enim debet quicunque est velle manere In vita,
Lucr. 5, 177:video te alte spectare et velle in caelum migrare,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 34, 82:quid poetae? Nonne post mortem nobilitari volunt?
id. ib. 1, 15, 34:si innocentes existimari volumus,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28:quoniam opinionis meae voluistis esse participes,
id. de Or. 1, 37, 172:quod eas quoque nationes adire et regiones cognoscere volebat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:si velit suos recipere, obsides sibi remittat,
id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dominari illi volunt, vos liberi esse,
Sall. J. 31, 23:si haec relinquere voltis,
id. C. 58, 15:priusquam liberi estis, dominari jam in adversarios vultis,
Liv. 3, 53, 7:si quis vestrum suos invisere volt, commeatum do,
id. 21, 21, 5:non enim vincere tantum noluit, sed vinci voluit,
id. 2, 59, 2:suspitionem Caesar quibusdam reliquit, neque voluisse se diutius vivere, neque curasse,
Suet. Caes. 85:Eutrapelus cuicunque nocere volebat, Vestimenta dabat pretiosa,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 31.—Idiomatically: quid arbitramini Rheginos merere velle ut ab iis marmorea illa Venus auferatur? what do you think the Rhegini would take for, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 60, § 135.—(γ).Transf., of things: fabula quae posci vult et spectata reponi, a comedy which wishes (i. e. is meant) to be in demand, etc., Hor. A. P. 190:b.neque enim aut hiare semper vocalibus aut destitui temporibus volunt sermo atque epistula,
Quint. 9, 4, 20; cf. id. 8, prooem. 23.—Of the wishes of those that have a right to command, the gods, masters, parents, commanders, etc., I want, wish, will, am resolved, it is my will:c.in acdibus quid tibi meis erat negoti...? Volo scire,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 14; 3, 2, 17; 3, 2, 18; 3, 6, 27; id. Curc. 4, 3, 11; id. Ep. 3, 4, 74; id. Mil. 2, 3, 74; 3, 1, 17; id. Stich. 1, 2, 56; Ter. And. 1, 2, 9; 4, 2, 17:maxima voce clamat populus, neque se uni, nec paucis velle parere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55:consuesse deos immortalis, quos pro scelere eorum ulcisci velint, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 13:hic experiri vim virtutemque volo,
Liv. 23, 45, 9.—= in animo habere, to intend, purpose, mean, design:d.ac volui inicere tragulam in nostrum senem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 14:eadem quae illis voluisti facere tu, faciunt tibi,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 11; so id. Most. 2, 2, 5:puerumque clam voluit exstinguere,
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 23:necare candem voluit,
Cic. Cael. 13, 31: quid enim ad illum qui te captare vult, utrum [p. 2005] tacentem te irretiat an loquentem? id. Ac. 2, 29, 94:hostis hostem occidere volui,
Liv. 2, 12, 9; 7, 34, 11: volui interdiu eum... occidere; volui, cum ad cenam invitavi, veneno scilicet tollere;volui... ferro interficere (ironically),
id. 40, 13, 2:tuum crimen erit, hospitem occidere voluisse,
the intention to kill your guest-friend, Val. Max. 5, 1, 3 fin.; 6, 1, 8:non enim vult mori, sed invidiam filio facere,
Quint. 9, 2, 85.—Pregn., opp. optare: non vult mori qui optat,
Sen. Ep. 117, 24:sed eo die is, cui dare volueram (epistulam), non est profectus,
Cic. Att. 9, 7, 1:cum de senectute vellem aliquid scribere,
id. Sen. 1, 2:ego te volui castigare, tu mihi accussatrix ades,
Plaut. As. 3, 1, 10:bonus volo jam ex hoc die esse,
id. Pers. 4, 3, 10:ego jam a principio amici filiam, Ita ut aequom fuerat, volui uxorem ducere,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 46:at etiam eo negotio M. Catonis splendorem maculare voluerunt,
it was their purpose, Cic. Sest. 28, 60:eum (tumulum) non tam capere sine certamine volebat, quam causam certaminis cum Minucio contrahere,
his plan was, Liv. 22, 28, 4.—Of things:cum lex venditionibus occurrere voluit,
when it was the purpose of the law, Dig. 46, 1, 46: sed quid ea drachuma facere vis? Ca. Restim volo Mihi emere... qui me faciam pensilem, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 87: Ch. Revorsionem ad terram faciunt vesperi. Ni. Aurum hercle auferre voluere, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 63:si iis qui haec omnia flamma ac ferro delere voluerunt... bellum indixi, etc.,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 10, 24:(plebem) per caedem senatus vacuam rem publicam tradere Hannibali velle,
Liv. 23, 2, 7:rem Nolanam in jus dicionemque dare voluerat Poeno,
id. 23, 15, 9: qui (majores nostri) tanta cura Siculos tueri ac retinere voluerunt ut, etc., whose policy it was to protect, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 14:ut qui a principio mitis omnibus Italicis praeter Romanos videri vellet, etc.,
Liv. 23, 15, 4: idem istuc, si in vilitate largiri voluisses, derisum tuum beneficium esset, if you had offered to grant the same thing during low prices, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 92, § 215.—= studere, conari, to try, endeavor, attempt:e.quas (i. e. magnas res) qui impedire vult, is et infirmus est mobilisque natura, et, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 20, 75:nam si quando id (exordium) primum invenire volui, nullum mihi occurrit, nisi aut exile, aut, etc.,
id. Or. 2, 77, 315:de Antonio dico, numquam illum... nonnullorum de ipso suspitionem infitiando tollere voluisse,
that he never attempted to remove, id. Sest. 3, 8; id. Div. 1, 18, 35:audes Fatidicum fallere velle deum?
do you dare attempt? Ov. F. 2, 262.—To mean, of actions and expressions:f.hic respondere voluit, non lacessere,
the latter meant to answer, not to provoke, Ter. Phorm. prol. 19:non te judices urbi sed carceri reservarunt, neque to retinere in civitate, sed exilio privare voluerunt,
Cic. Att. 1, 16, 9.—So, volo dicere, I mean (lit. I intend to say):quid aliud volui dicere?
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 51:volo autem dicere, illud homini longe optimum esse quod ipsum sit optandum per se,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 20, 46.—Often with the acc. illud or id, as a correction: Tr. Specta quam arcte dormiunt. Th. Dormiunt? Tr. Illut quidem ut conivent volui dicere, I mean how they nod, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 145: Py. Quid? bracchium? Ar. Illud dicere volui femur, id. Mil. 1, 1, 27:adduxi volui dicere,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 21; id. Am. 1, 1, 233; 1, 1, 235; id. Cas. 2, 6, 14; id. Mil. 3, 2, 7; id. Ps. 3, 2, 54; id. Rud. 2, 4, 9.—To be going to: haec argumenta ego aedificiis dixi; nunc etiam volo docere ut homines aedium esse similes arbitremini, now I am going to show how, etc., Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 37: quando bene gessi rem, volo hic in fano supplicare, I am going to worship here, etc., id. Curc. 4, 2, 41:g.nunc quod relicuom restat volo persolvere,
id. Cist. 1, 3, 40:sustine hoc, Penicule, exuvias facere quas vovi volo,
id. Men. 1, 3, 13:sinite me prospectare ne uspiam insidiae sint, consilium quod habere volumus,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 3; id. As. 2, 2, 113; id. Cas. 4, 2, 3; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 61:si Prometheus, cum mortalibus ignem dividere vellet, ipse a vicinis carbunculos conrogaret, ridiculus videretur,
Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9:ait se velle de illis HS. LXXX. cognoscere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 56:hinc se recipere cum vellent, rursus illi ex loco superiore nostros premebant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 45. —To be about to, on the point of: quom mittere signum Volt, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 88 Vahl.):h.quotiens ire volo foras, retines me, rogitas quo ego eam,
Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 5:quae sese in ignem inicere voluit, prohibui,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 113:si scires aspidem latere uspiam, et velle aliquem imprudentem super eam adsidere,
Cic. Fin. 2, 18, 59; id. Div. 1, 52, 118:quod cum facere vellent, intervenit M. Manilius,
id. Rep. 1, 12, 18:qui cum opem ferre vellet, nuntiatum sibi esse aliam classem ad Aegates insulas stare,
Liv. 22, 56, 7:at Libys obstantes dum vult obvertere remos, In spatium resilire manus breve vidit,
Ov. M. 3, 676; 1, 635:P. Claudius cum proelium navale committere vellet,
Val. Max. 1, 4, 3.—Will, and in oblique discourse and questions would, the auxiliaries of the future and potential: animum advortite: Comediai nomen dari vobis volo, I will give you, etc., Plaut. Cas. prol. 30:k.sed, nisi molestum est, nomen dare vobis volo comediai,
id. Poen. prol. 50:vos ite intro. Interea ego ex hac statua verberea volo erogitare... quid sit factum,
id. Capt. 5, 1, 30:i tu atque arcessi illam: ego intus quod facto est opus volo adcurare,
id. Cas. 3, 3, 35; id. Cist. 1, 1, 113; id. Most. 1, 1, 63; id. Poen. 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 3, 85; id. Rud. 1, 2, 33: cum vero (gemitus) nihil imminuat doloris, cur frustra turpes esse volumus? why will ( would) we be disgraceful to no purpose? Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57:illa enim (ars) te, verum si loqui volumus, ornaverat,
id. ib. 1, 47, 112:ergo, si vere aestimare volumus, etc.,
Val. Max. 7, 5, 6:si vere aestimare Macedonas, qui tunc erant, volumus,
Curt. 4, 16, 33:ejus me compotem facere potestis, si meminisse vultis, etc.,
Liv. 7, 40, 5:visne igitur, dum dies ista venit... interea tu ipse congredi mecum ut, etc....?
id. 8, 7, 7:volo tibi Chrysippi quoque distinctionem indicare,
Sen. Ep. 9, 14: vis tu homines urbemque feris praeponere silvis? will you prefer, etc., Hor. S. 2, 6, 92; cf. velim and vellem, would, II. A. 2.—Sometimes volui = mihi placuit, I resolved, concluded (generally, in this meaning, followed by an infinitive clause, v. I. B. 4.):1.uti tamen tuo consilio volui,
still I concluded to follow your advice, Cic. Att. 8, 3, 1.—To be willing, ready, to consent, like to do something: si sine bello velint rapta... tradere... se exercitum domum reducturum, if they were willing, would consent to, would deliver, etc., Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 52:m.is dare volt, is se aliquid posci,
likes to give, id. As. 1, 3, 29:hoc dixit, si hoc de cella concederetur, velle Siculos senatui polliceri frumentum in cellam gratis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 87, § 200:ei laxiorem daturos, si venire ad causam dicendam vellet,
Liv. 39, 17, 2; 5, 36, 4: nemo invenitur qui pecuniam suam dividere velit. Sen. Brev. Vit. 3, 1:plerique concessam sibi sub condicione vitam si militare adversus eum vellent, recusarunt,
Suet. Caes. 68:dedere etiam se volebant, si toleranda viris imperarentur,
Flor. 1, 33 (2, 18), 12.—So with negatives, to be not willing, not to suffer, not to like, not to allow, refuse:heri nemo voluit Sostratam intro admittere,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 49:cum alter verum audire non vult,
Cic. Lael. 26, 98: a proximis quisque minime anteiri vult, likes least to be surpassed, etc., Liv. 6, 34, 7:nihil ex his praeter... accipere voluit,
refused to accept, Val. Max. 4, 3, 4.—To do something voluntarily or intentionally: volo facere = mea voluntate or sponte facio: si voluit accusare, pietati tribuo;n.si jussus est, necessitati,
if he accused of his own free will, I ascribe it to his filial love, Cic. Cael. 1, 2:utrum statuas voluerint tibi statuere, an coacti sint,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 157:de risu quinque sunt quae quaerantur... sitne oratoris risum velle permovere,
on purpose, id. Or. 2, 58, 235:laedere numquam velimus,
Quint. 6, 3, 28.—So, non velle with inf., to do something unwillingly, with reluctance:vivere noluit qui mori non vult,
who dies with reluctance, Sen. Ep. 30, 10.—To be of opinion, think, mean, pretend (rare with inf.; usu. with acc. and inf.; v. B. 8.):o.haec tibi scripsi ut isto ipso in genere in quo aliquid posse vis, te nihil esse cognosceres,
in which you imagine you have some influence, Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:in hoc homo luteus etiam callidus ac veterator esse vult, quod ita scribit, etc.,
pretends, means to be, id. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 35: sed idem Aelius Stoicus esse voluit, orator autem nec studuit um quam, nec fuit, id. Brut. 56, 206:Pythago. ras, qui etiam ipse augur esse vellet,
id. Div. 1, 3, 5.—To like, have no objection to, approve of (cf. E. 1. sq.):2.magis eum delectat qui se ait philosophari velle sed paucis: nam omnino haud placere,
that he liked, had no objection to philosophizing, Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; v. also II. A.—With pres. inf. understood.a.Supplied from a preceding or subsequent clause.(α).To wish, it is his will, etc. (cf. 1. a. and b. supra):(β).nunc bene vivo et fortunate atque ut volo, i. e. vivere,
as I wish, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 111: quod diu vivendo multa quae non volt (i. e. videre) videt, Caecil. ap. Cic. Sen. 8, 25:proinde licet quotvis vivendo condere saecla,
Lucr. 3, 1090:nec tantum proficiebam quantum volebam,
Cic. Att. 1, 17, 1:tot autem rationes attulit, ut velle (i. e. persuadere) ceteris, sibi certe persuasisse videatur,
id. Tusc. 1, 21, 49:sed liceret, si velint, in Ubiorum finibus considere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 81:quo praesidio senatus libere quae vellet decernere auderet,
id. B. C. 1, 2.—Of things:neque chorda sonum reddit quem vult manus et mens,
Hor. A. P. 348.—To choose, be pleased (freq.):(γ).tum mihi faciat quod volt magnus Juppiter,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 50:id repetundi copia est, quando velis,
id. Trin. 5, 2, 7:habuit aurum quamdiu voluit,
Cic. Cael. 13, 31:rapiebat et asportabat quantum a quoque volebat Apronius,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 29:provincias quas vellet, quibus vellet, venderet?
id. Sest. 39, 84:quotiens ille tibi potestatem facturus sit ut eligas utrum velis,
id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:daret utrum vellet subclamatum est,
Liv. 21, 18, 14:senatus consultum factum est ut plebes praeficeret quaestioni quem vellet,
id. 4, 51, 2:saxi materiaeque caedendae unde quisque vellet jus factum,
id. 5, 55, 3; cf. id. 2, 13, 9; 5, 46, 10; 6, 25, 5; 22, 10, 23; 23, 6, 2; 23, 15, 15; 23, 45, 10; 23, 47, 2;26, 21, 11: vicem suam conquestus, quod sibi soli non liceret amicis, quatenus vellet, irasci,
Suet. Aug. 66:at tu quantum vis tolle,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 16.—To intend, it is my purpose, etc. (v. 1. c. supra):(δ).sine me pervenire quo volo,
let me come to my point, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 44:scripsi igitur Aristotelio more, quemadmodum quidem volui, tres libros... de Oratore,
as I intended, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 23:ut meliore condicione quam qua ipse vult imitetur homines eos qui, etc.,
id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 25:ego istos posse vincere scio, velle ne scirem ipsi fecerunt,
Liv. 2, 45, 12. —To be willing, to consent, I will (v. 1. h. and l. supra): tu eum orato... St. Sane volo, yes, I will, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 57:(ε).jube me vinciri. Volo, dum istic itidem vinciatur,
id. Capt. 3, 4, 75:patri dic velle (i. e. uxorem ducere),
that you consent, are willing, Ter. And. 2, 3, 20 (cf.: si vis, II. A. 2, and sis, supra init.).—To do something voluntarily (v. 1. m. supra):b.tu selige tantum, Me quoque velle velis, anne coactus amem,
Ov. Am. 3, 11, 50.—With ellipsis of inf.(α).Volo, with a designation of place, = ire volo:(β).nos in Formiano morabamur, quo citius audiremus: deinde Arpinum volebamus,
I intended to go to Arpinum, Cic. Att. 9, 1, 3:volo mensi Quinctili in Graeciam,
id. ib. 14, 7, 2:hactenus Vitellius voluerat (i. e. procedere),
Tac. A. 12, 42 fin. —With other omissions, supplied from context: volo Dolabellae valde desideranti, non reperio quid (i. e. to dedicate some writing to him), Cic. Att. 13, 13, 2.—(γ).In mal. part., Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 7; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 16; 2. 19, 2; Prop. 1, 13, 36.—3.With perfect infinitive active (rare).a.In negative imperative sentences dependent on ne velis, ne velit (in oblique discourse also ne vellet), where ne velis has the force of noli. The perfect infinitive emphatically represents the action as completed (ante-class. and poet.).(α).In ancient ordinances of the Senate and of the higher officers (not in laws proper): NEIQVIS EORVM BACANAL HABVISE VELET... BACAS VIR NEQVIS ADIESE VELET CEIVIS ROMANVS... NEVE PECVNIAM QVISQVAM EORVM COMOINEM HABVISE VELET... NEVE... QVIQVAM FECISE VELET. NEVE INTER SED CONIOVRASE, NEVE COMVOVISE NEVE CONSPONDISE, etc., S. C. de Bacch. 4-13 ap. Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 172.—So, in quoting such ordinances: per totam Italiam edicta mitti ne quis qui Bacchis initiatus esset, coisse aut convenisse causa sacrorum velit. [p. 2006] neu quid talis rei divinae fecisse, Liv. 39, 14, 8:(β).edixerunt ne quis quid fugae causa vendidisse neve emisse vellet,
id. 39, 17, 3. —In imitation of official edicts: (vilicus) ne quid emisse velit insciente domino, neu quid domino celasse velit, the overseer must not buy any thing, etc., Cato, R. R. 5, 4:b.interdico, ne extulisse extra aedis puerum usquam velis,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 48:oscula praecipue nulla dedisse velis (= noli dare),
Ov. Am. 1, 4, 38:ne quis humasse velit Ajacem, Atride, vetas? Cur?
Hor. S. 2, 3, 187.—In affirmative sentences, implying command (in any mood or tense; mostly poet.): neminem nota strenui aut ignavi militis notasse volui, I have decided to mark no one, etc., Liv. 24, 16, 11: quia pepercisse vobis volunt, committere vos cur pereatis non patiuntur, because they have decided to spare you, etc., id. 32, 21, 33:c.sunt delicta tamen quibus ignovisse velimus (= volumus),
which should be pardoned, Hor. A. P. 347.—To represent the will as referring to a completed action.(α).In optative sentences with vellem or velim, v. II. B. 5. b. a, and II. C. 1. b.—(β).In other sentences ( poet. and post-class.): ex omnibus praediis ex quibus non hac mente recedimus ut omisisse possessionem velimus, with the will to abandon (omittere would denote the purpose to give up at some future time), Dig. 43, 16, 1, § 25; so,B.an erit qui velle recuset Os populi meruisse?
Pers. 1, 41:qui me volet incurvasse querela,
id. 1, 91.With acc. and inf.1.To wish (v. A. 1. a.).a.With a different subject: hoc volo scire te: Perditus sum miser, I wish you to know, etc., Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 46:b.deos volo consilia vostra vobis recte vortere,
id. Trin. 5, 2, 31:emere oportet quem tibi oboedire velis,
id. Pers. 2, 4, 2:scin' quid nunc te facere volo?
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 85:si perpetuam vis esse adfinitatem hanc,
id. Hec. 2, 2, 10:consul ille egit eas res quarum me participem esse voluit,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 17, 41:vim volumus exstingui: jus valeat necesse est,
id. Sest. 42, 92:nec mihi hunc errorem extorqueri volo,
id. Sen. 23, 85:hoc te scire volui,
id. Att. 7, 18, 4:harum causarum fuit justissima quod Germanos suis quoque rebus timere voluit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16:ut equites qui salvam esse rempublicam vellent ex equis desilirent,
Liv. 4, 38, 2:si me vivere vis recteque videre valentem,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 3:si vis me flere, dolendum est Primum ipsi tibi,
id. A. P. 102.—With pass. inf. impers.:regnari tamen omnes volebant,
that there should be a king, Liv. 1, 17, 3:mihi volo ignosci,
I wish to be pardoned, Cic. Or. 1, 28, 130:volt sibi quisque credi,
Liv. 22, 22, 14. —With the same subject.(α).With inf. act.:(β).quae mihi est spes qua me vivere velim,
what hope have I, that I should wish to live? Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 33:volo me placere Philolachi,
id. Most. 1, 3, 11; cf. id. Trin. 2, 2, 47; id. Rud. 2, 6, 1:judicem esse me, non doctorem volo,
Cic. Or. 33, 117:vult, credo, se esse carum suis,
id. Sen. 20, 73; so id. Off. 1, 31, 113; id. de Or. 1, 24, 112; 2, 23, 95. —With inf. pass.:2.quod certiorem te vis fieri quo quisque in me animo sit,
Cic. Att. 11, 13, 1; cf. id. Fam. 1, 9, 18:qui se ex his minus timidos existimari volebant,
Caes. B. G. 1, 39; cf. id. B. C. 2, 29:religionis se causa... Bacchis initiari velle,
Liv. 39, 10, 2:Agrippae se nepotem neque credi neque dici volebat,
Suet. Calig. 22 fin. —Of the will of superiors, gods, etc. (cf. A. 1. b. supra), I want, it is my will:3.me absente neminem volo intromitti,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 21:viros nostros quibus tu voluisti esse nos matres familias,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 41; id. Most. 1, 4, 2; id. Rud. 4, 5, 9; id. Trin. 1, 2, 1:pater illum alterum (filium) secum omni tempore volebat esse,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 42:(deus) quinque reliquis motibus orbem esse voluit expertem,
id. Univ. 10; cf. id. Sest. 69, 147; id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 57; 1, 5, 14:causa mittendi fuit quod iter per Alpes... patefieri volebat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 1; cf. id. ib. 5, 9; id. B. C. 1, 4:quippe (senatus) foedum hominem a republica procul esse volebat,
Sall. C. 19, 2:nec (di) patefieri (crimina) ut impunita essent, sed ut vindicarentur voluerunt,
Liv. 39, 16, 11; cf. id. 1, 56, 3; 2, 28, 5; 25, 32, 6:senatus... Romano sanguini pudicitiam tutam esse voluit,
Val. Max. 6, 1, 9; cf. id. 6, 9, 2.—So in the historians: quid fieri vellet (velit), after a verbum imperandi or declarandi, he gave his orders, explained his will:quid fieri velit praecipit,
Caes. B. G. 5, 56:ibi quid fieri vellet imperabat,
id. ib. 7, 16:quid fieri vellet ostendit,
id. ib. 7, 27:quae fieri vellet edocuit,
id. B. C. 3, 108; cf. id. B. G. 7, 45; id. B. C. 3, 78; 3, 89:quid fieri vellet edixit,
Curt. 8, 10, 30; 4, 13, 24; Val. Max. 7, 4, 2.— Frequently majores voluerunt, it was the will of our ancestors, referring to ancient customs and institutions:sacra Cereris summa majores nostri religione confici caerimoniaque voluerunt,
Cic. Balb. 24, 55: majores vestri ne vos quidem temere coire voluerunt, cf. id. ib. 17, 39; 23, 54; id. Agr. 2, 11, 26; id. Fl. 7, 15; id. Imp. Pomp. 13, 39; id. Div. 1, 45, 103; id. Font. 24, 30 (10, 20); id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70.—Of testamentary dispositions: cum Titius, heres meus, mortuus erit, volo hereditatem meam ad P. Mevium pertinere, Gai Inst. 2, 277. Except in the institution of the first heir: at illa (institutio) non est comprobata: Titum heredem esse volo, Gai Inst. 2, 117. —Of the intention of a writer, etc., to want, to mean, intend:4.Asinariam volt esse (nomen fabulae) si per vos licet,
Plaut. As. prol. 12:Plautus hanc mihi gnatam esse voluit Inopiam,
has wanted Poverty to be my daughter, made her my daughter, id. Trin. prol. 9:primumdum huic esse nomen Diphilus Cyrenas voluit,
id. Rud. prol. 33:quae ipsi qui scripserunt voluerunt vulgo intellegi,
meant to be understood by all, Cic. Or. 2, 14, 60:si non hoc intellegi volumus,
id. Fat. 18, 41:quale intellegi vult Cicero cum dicit orationem suam coepisse canescere,
Quint. 11, 1, 31; so id. 9, 4, 82; 9, 3, 9:quamquam illi (Prometheo) quoque ferreum anulum dedit antiquitas vinculumque id, non gestamen, intellegi voluit,
Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 8.—To resolve:5.Siculi... me defensorem calamitatum suarum... esse voluerunt,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:si a me causam hanc vos (judices) agi volueritis,
if you resolve, id. ib. 8, 25:senatus te voluit mihi nummos, me tibi frumentum dare,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 85, § 196:qua (statua) abjecta, basim tamen in foro manere voluerunt,
id. ib. 2, 2, 66, §160: liberam debere esse Galliam quam (senatus) suis legibus uti voluisset,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45:tu Macedonas tibi voluisti genua ponere, venerarique te ut deum,
Curt. 8 (7), 13.— Hence,To order, command: erus meus tibi me salutem multam voluit dicere, has ordered me, etc., Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 25:6.montem quem a Labieno occupari voluerit,
which he had ordered to be occupied, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:ibi futuros esse Helvetios ubi eos Caesar... esse voluisset,
id. ib. 1, 13 (for velitis jubeatis with inf.-clause, v. II. B. 5. d.).—To consent, allow (cf. A. 1. I.):7.obtinuere ut (tribuni) tribuniciae potestatis vires salubres vellent reipublicae esse,
they prevailed upon them to permit the tribunitian power to be wholesome to the republic, Liv. 2, 44, 5:Hiero tutores... puero reliquit quos precatus est moriens ut juvenum suis potissimum vestigiis insistere vellent,
id. 24, 4, 5:petere ut eum... publicae etiam curae ac velut tutelae vellent esse (i. e. senatus),
id. 42, 19, 5:orare tribunos ut uno animo cum consulibus bellum ab urbe ac moenibus propulsari vellent,
id. 3, 69, 5:quam superesse causam Romanis cur non... incolumis Syracusas esse velint?
id. 25, 28, 8:si alter ex heredibus voluerit rem a legatario possideri, alter non, ei qui noluit interdictum competet,
Dig. 43, 3, 1, § 15.—So negatively = not to let, not to suffer:cum P. Attio agebant ne sua pertinacia omnium fortunas perturbari vellet,
Caes. B. C. 2, 36.—To be of opinion that something should be, to require, demand:8.voluisti enim in suo genere unumquemque... esse Roscium,
Cic. Or. 1, 61, 258: eos exercitus quos contra se multos jam annos aluerint velle dimitti, he demanded the disbanding of, etc., Caes. B. C. 1, 85:(Cicero) vult esse auctoritatem in verbis,
Quint. 8, 3, 43:vult esse Celsus aliquam et superiorem compositionem,
id. 9, 4, 137:si tantum irasci vis sapientem quantum scelerum indignitas exigit,
Sen. Ira, 2, 9, 4. —To be of opinion that something is or was, = censere, dicere, but implying that the opinion is erroneous or doubtful, usu. in the third pers., sometimes in the second.(α).To imagine, consider:(β).est genus hominum qui esse se primos omnium rerum volunt, Nec sunt,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17:semper auget adsentator id quod is cujus ad voluntatem dicitur vult esse magnum,
Cic. Lael. 26, 98:si quis patricius, si quis—quod illi volunt invidiosius esse—Claudius diceret,
Liv. 6, 40, 13.—To be of opinion, to hold:(γ).vultis, opinor, nihil esse... in natura praeter ignem,
Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 36:volunt illi omnes... eadem condicione nasci,
id. Div. 2, 44, 93:vultis evenire omnia fato,
id. ib. 2, 9, 24:alteri censent, etc., alteri volunt a rebus fatum omne relegari,
id. Fat. 19, 45:vultis a dis immortalibus hominibus dispertiri somnia,
id. N. D. 3, 39, 93; id. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; id. Fin. 3, 11, 36; id. Rep. 2, 26, 48:volunt quidam... iram in pectore moveri effervescente circa cor sanguine,
Sen. Ira, 2, 19, 3.—To say, assert:(δ).si tam familiaris erat Clodiae quam tu esse vis,
as you say he is, Cic. Cael. 21, 53:sit sane tanta quanta tu illam esse vis,
id. Or. 1, 55, 23:ad pastum et ad procreandi voluptatem hoc divinum animal procreatum esse voluerunt: quo nihil mihi videtur esse absurdius,
id. Fin. 2, 13, 40; 2, 17, 55; 2, 42, 131; 2, 46, 142; id. Fat. 18, 41.—With perf. inf.:Rhodi ego non fui: me vult fuisse,
Cic. Planc. 34, 84.—To pretend, with perf. inf., both subjects denoting the same person:(ε).unde homines dum se falso terrore coacti Effugisse volunt, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 69 (cf. A. 1. n. supra).—To mean, with perf. inf.:(ζ).utrum scientem vultis contra foedera fecisse, an inscientem?
Cic. Balb. 5, 13.— With pres. inf.:quam primum istud, quod esse vis?
what do you mean by as soon as possible? Sen. Ep. 117, 24.—Rarely in the first pers., implying that the opinion is open to discussion:9.ut et mihi, quae ego vellem non esse oratoris, concederes,
what according to my opinion is not the orator's province, Cic. Or. 1, 17, 74.—In partic.a.With things as subjects.(α).Things personified:(β).ne res publica quidem haec pro se suscipi volet,
would have such things done for it, Cic. Off. 1, 45, 159:cui tacere grave sit, quod homini facillimum voluerit esse natura,
which nature willed should be easiest for man, Curt. 4, 6, 6: fortuna Q. Metellum... nasci in urbe terrarum principe voluit, fate ordained that, etc., Val. Max. 7, 1, 1: nihil rerum ipsa natura voluit magnum effici cito, it is the law of nature that, etc., Quint. 10, 3, 4:quid non ingenio voluit natura licere?
what license did nature refuse to genius? Mart. 8, 68, 9:me sine, quem semper voluit fortuna jacere,
Prop. 1, 6, 25:hanc me militiam fata subire volunt,
id. 1, 6, 30.—Of laws, to provide:b.duodecim tabulae nocturnum furem... interfici impune voluerunt,
Cic. Mil. 3, 9:lex duodecim tabularum tignum aedibus junctum... solvi prohibuit, pretiumque ejus dari voluit,
Dig. 46, 3, 98, § 8 fin. (cf. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21, b. a, infra).—With perf. pass. inf., to represent a state or result wished for.(α).The inf. being in full, with esse expressed: si umquam quemquam di immortales voluere esse auxilio adjutum, tum me et Calidorum servatum volunt, if it ever was the will of the gods that any one should be assisted, etc., Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 1: Corinthum patres vestri, totius Graeciae lumen, exstinctum esse voluerunt, it was their will that Corinth should be ( and remain) destroyed, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11:(β).nostri... leges et jura tecta esse voluerunt,
id. Or. 1, 59, 253:propter eam partem epistulae tuae per quam te et mores tuos purgatos et probatos esse voluisti,
id. Att. 1, 17, 7; id. Fin. 4, 27, 76; id. de Or. 1, 51, 221:daturum se operam ne cujus suorum popularium mutatam secum fortunam esse vellent,
Liv. 21, 45, 6: for velle redundant in this construction, v. II. A. 2. 3. infra.—With pass. inf. impers.:sociis maxime lex consultum esse vult,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21.—With ellips. of esse (cf. Quint. 9, 3, 9): perdis me tuis dictis. Cu. Imo, servo et servatum volo, and mean that you should remain saved, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 56:c.aunt qui volum te conventam,
who want to see you, id. Cist. 4, 2, 39:eidem homini, si quid recte cura tum velis, mandes,
if you want to have anything done well, id. As. 1, 1, 106:sed etiam est paucis vos quod monitos voluerim,
id. Capt. prol. 53: id nunc res indicium haeo [p. 2007] facit, quo pacto factum volueris, this shows now why you wished this to be done, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 31 (cf. Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 33; id. Aul. 3, 5, 30, II. B. 1, b, and II. B. 3. b. infra): domestica cura te levatum volo, I wish to see you relieved, etc., Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 3:nulla sedes quo concurrant qui rem publicam defensam velint,
id. Att. 8, 3, 4:rex celatum voluerat (i. e. donum),
id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64:Hannibal non Capuam neglectam, neque desertos volebat socios,
Liv. 25, 20, 5; 2, 15, 2; 2, 44, 3; 3, 21, 4; 22, 7, 4;26, 31, 6: contemptum hominis quem destructum volebat,
Quint. 8, 3, 21:si te non emptam vellet, emendus erat,
Ov. Am. 1, 8, 34 (so with velle redundant, v. II. A. 1. d., and II. A. 3. infra).—Both subjects denoting the same person:velle Pompeium se Caesari purgatum,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Esp., with pass. inf. impers.: alicui consultum velle, to take care for or advocate somebody's interests:liberis consultum volumus propter ipsos,
Cic. Fin. 3, 17, 57:obliviscere illum aliquando adversario tuo voluisse consultum,
id. Att. 16, 16 C, 10:quibus tribuni plebis nunc consultum repente volunt,
Liv. 5, 5, 3; so id. 25, 25, 17:quamquam senatus subventum voluit heredibus,
Dig. 36, 1, 1, § 4; so with dep. part., used passively:volo amori ejus obsecutum,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63.—With predic. adj., without copula.(α).The subjects being different (mostly aliquem salvum velle):(β).si me vivum vis, pater, Ignosce,
if you wish me to live, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 7:ille, si me alienus adfinem volet, Tacebit,
id. Phorm. 4, 1, 16:ut tu illam salvam magis velis quam ego,
id. Hec. 2, 2, 17; 3, 5, 14:quoniam ex tota provincia soli sunt qui te salvum velint,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 67, § 150:irent secum extemplo qui rempublicam salvam vellent,
Liv. 22, 53, 7.—Both subjects denoting the same person (virtually = object infinitive):d.in occulto jacebis quom te maxime clarum voles (= clarus esse voles),
when you will most wish to be famous, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 38:volo me patris mei similem,
I wish to be like my father, id. As. 1, 1, 54: ut iste qui se vult dicacem et mehercule est, Appius, who means to be witty, etc., Cic. Or. 2, 60, 246:qui vero se populares volunt,
who mean to be popular, id. Off. 2, 22, 78:ut integrum se salvumque velit,
id. Fin. 2, 11, 33:ut (omne animal) se et salvum in suo genere incolumeque vellet,
id. ib. 4, 8, 19. —With an inf.-clause understood.(α).Velle, to wish: utinam hinc abierit in malam crucem! Ad. Ita nos velle aequom est (ita = eum abire, etc.), Plaut. Poen. 4, 1, 5:(β).stulta es, soror, magis quam volo (i.e. te esse),
id. Pers. 4, 4, 78; id. Trin. 1, 2, 8; 2, 4, 175; id. Stich. 1, 1, 13; id. Ps. 1, 5, 55:senatum non quod sentiret, sed quod ego vellem decernere,
Cic. Mil. 5, 12:neque enim facile est ut irascatur cui tu velis judex (= cui tu eum irasci velis),
id. Or. 2, 45, 190; cf. id. Sest. 38, 82.—Referring to the will of superiors, etc.:(γ).deos credo voluisse, nam ni vellent, non fieret,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46: jamne abeo? St. Volo (sc. te abire), so I will, id. Cas. 2, 8, 57; cf. id. Mil. 4, 6, 12; id. Merc. 2, 3, 33.—To mean, intend (v. B. 3.):(δ).acutum etiam illud est cum ex alterius oratione aliud atque ille vult (sc. te excipere),
Cic. Or. 2, 67, 273.—To require, demand (v B. 7.):(ε).veremur quidem vos, Romani, et, si ita vultis, etiam timemus,
Liv. 39, 37, 17;and of things as subjects: cadentque vocabula, si volet usus (i. e. ea cadere),
Hor. A. P. 71.—To be of opinion, will have (v. B. 8.):(ζ).ergo ego, inimicus, si ita vultis, homini, amicus esse rei publicae debeo,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:nam illi regi tolerabili, aut, si voltis, etiam amabili, Cyro,
id. Rep. 1, 28, 44; id. Fin. 2, 27, 89; 3, 4, 12; id. Cael. 21, 53; Liv. 21, 10, 7; Quint. 2, 17, 41.—With ellips. of predic. inf. (v. A. 2. b.): cras de reliquiis nos volo (i. e. cenare), it is my intention that we dine, etc., Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 40:C.volo Varronem (i. e. hos libros habere),
Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3.With ut, ne, or ut ne.1.With ut.a.To wish:b.volo ut quod jubebo facias,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 65:quia enim id maxime volo ut illi istac confugiant,
id. Most. 5, 1, 49:ut mihi aedes aliquas conducat volo,
id. Merc. 3, 2, 17: hoc prius volo meam rem agere. Th. Quid id est? Ph. Ut mihi hanc despondeas, id. Curc. 5, 2, 71: quid vis, nisi ut maneat Phanium? Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 8:velim ut tibi amicus sit,
Cic. Att. 10, 16, 1:quare id quoque velim... ut sit qui utamur,
id. ib. 11, 11, 2:maxime vellem, judices, ut P. Sulla... modestiae fructum aliquem percipere potuisset,
id. Sull. 1, 1:equidem vellem uti pedes haberent (res tuae),
id. Fam. 7, 33, 2:his ut sit digna puella volo,
Mart. 11, 27, 14.—Both subjects denoting the same person: volueram, inquit, ut quam plurimum tecum essem, Brut. ap. Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1.—It is the will of, to want, ordain (v. B. 2.):c.at ego deos credo voluisse ut apud te me in nervo enicem,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 17: numquid me vis? Le. Ut valeas, id. Cist. 1, 1, 120: numquid vis? Ps. Dormitum ut abeas, id. Ps. 2, 2, 70:volo ut mihi respondeas,
Cic. Vatin. 6, 14; 7, 17; 7, 18; 9, 21;12, 29: nuntia Romanis, caelestes ita velle ut mea Roma caput orbis terrarum sit,
Liv. 1, 16, 7.—To intend, it is the purpose, aim, etc., the two subjects being the same:d.id quaerunt, volunt haec ut infecta faciant,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 9.—With other verbs:2.quod peto et volo parentes meos ut commonstres mihi,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 4:quasi vero aut populus Romanus hoc voluerit, aut senatus tibi hoc mandaverit ut... privares,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48;with opto,
id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48;with laboro,
Liv. 42, 14, 3;with aequum censere,
id. 39, 19, 7.—With ne:3.at ne videas velim,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 23:quid nunc vis? ut opperiare hos sex dies saltem modo, ne illam vendas, neu me perdas, etc.,
id. Ps. 1, 3, 102:credibile est hoc voluisse legumlatorem, ne auxilia liberorum innocentibus deessent,
intended, Quint. 7, 1, 56.—With ut ne: quid nunc tibi vis? Mi. Ut quae te cupit, eam ne spernas, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 60.D.With subjunct. of dependent verb (mostly ante-class.; class. and freq. with velim and vellem; but in Cic. mostly epistolary and colloquial).1.To wish:2.ergo animum advortas volo,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 23; 2, 3, 28; 2, 3, 70:volo amet me patrem,
id. As. 1, 1, 63 dub.:hoc volo agatis,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 83:ducas volo hodie uxorem,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 14:quid vis faciam?
Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 49; Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 24; Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 64; 2, 3, 65; 2, 6, 65; 3, 3, 3; id. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 4, 7, 19; id. Cas. 2, 3, 56; id. Capt. 1, 2, 12; id. Poen. 3, 2, 16; id. Pers. 2, 4, 23; id. Rud. 5, 2, 45; 5, 3, 58; id. Stich. 5, 2, 21; Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 14:volo etiam exquiras quam diligentissime poteris quid Lentulus agat?
Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:Othonem vincas volo,
id. ib. 13, 29, 2:eas litteras volo habeas,
id. ib. 13, 32, 3:visne igitur videamus quidnam sit, etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 10, 15: visne igitur descendatur ad Lirim? id. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4:volo, inquis, sciat,
Sen. Ben. 2, 10, 2.—To be of opinion that something should be, demand, require (v. B. 7.): volo enim se efferat in adulescentia fecunditas, I like to see, etc., Cic. Or. 2, 21, 88:3.volo hoc oratori contingat ut, etc.,
id. Brut. 84, 290.—With subj.-clause understood:E.abi atque obsona, propera! sed lepide volo (i. e. obsones),
Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 55.With object nouns, etc.1.With acc. of a thing.a.With a noun, to want, wish for, like to have:b.voltisne olivas, aut pulmentum, aut capparim?
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 90:animo male est: aquam velim,
id. Am. 5, 1, 6:quia videt me suam amicitiam velle,
id. Aul. 2, 3, 68; so,gratiam tuam,
id. Curc. 2, 3, 52; 2, 3, 56:aquam,
id. ib. 2, 3, 34:discidium,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 14: nullam ego rem umquam in vita mea Volui quin tu in ea re mihi advorsatrix fueris, I never had any wish in my life, etc., id. Heaut. 5, 3, 5: (dixit) velle Hispaniam, he wanted Spain, i. e. as a province, Cic. Att. 12, 7, 1:mihi frumento non opus est: nummos volo,
I want the money, id. Verr. 2, 3, 85, § 196:non poterat scilicet negare se velle pacem,
id. Att. 15, 1 a, 3; cf. id. ib. 13, 32, 2 (v. II. C. 4. infra):si amplius obsidum (= plures obsides) vellet, dare pollicentur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 9 fin.:pacem etiam qui vincere possunt, volunt,
Liv. 7, 40, 18:ferunt (eum)... honestum finem voluisse,
Tac. A. 6, 26:cum Scipio veram vellet et sine exceptione victoriam,
Flor. 1, 33 (2, 18), 12:mensae munera si voles secundae, Marcentes tibi porrigentur uvae,
Mart. 5, 78, 11.—Neutr. adjj., denoting things, substantively used: utrum vis opta, dum licet. La. Neutrum volo, Plaut. Ps. 3, 6, 16:c.quorum isti neutrum volunt,
acknowledge neither, Cic. Fat. 12, 28:voluimus quaedam, contendimus... Obtenta non sunt,
we aspired to certain things, id. Balb. 27, 61:restat ut omnes unum velint,
hold one opinion, id. Marcell. 10, 32:si plura velim,
if I wished for more, Hor. C. 3, 16, 38:per quod probemus aliud legislatorem voluisse,
that the law-giver intended something different, Quint. 7, 6, 8:ut putent, aliud quosdam dicere, aliud velle,
that they say one thing and mean another, id. 9, 2, 85:utrum is qui scripsit... voluerit,
which of the two was meant by the author, id. 7, 9, 15:ut nemo contra id quod vult dicit, ita potest melius aliquid velle quam dicit,
mean better than he speaks, id. 9, 2, 89:quis enim pudor omnia velle?
to desire every thing, Mart. 12, 94, 11.—With neutr. demonstr. expressed or understood, to want, intend, aim at, like, will:d.immo faenus: id primum volo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 64:proximum quod sit bono... id volo,
id. Capt. 2, 2, 22:nisi ea quae tu vis volo,
unless my purpose is the same as yours, id. Ep. 2, 2, 82:siquidem id sapere'st, velle te id quod non potest contingere,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 83:hoc (i. e. otium cum dignitate) qui volunt omnes optimates putantur,
who aim at this, Cic. Sest. 45, 98:privatum oportet in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint,
id. Off. 1, 34, 124:quid est sapientia? Semper idem velle atque idem nolle,
Sen. Ep. 20, 5:pudebit eadem velle quae volueras puer,
id. ib. 27, 2:nec volo quod cruciat, nec volo quod satiat,
Mart. 1, 57, 4.—With demonstr. in place of inf.-clause:hoc Ithacus velit, et magno mercentur Atridae (sc. poenas in me sumi),
Verg. A. 2, 104:hoc velit Eurystheus, velit hoc germana Tonantis (sc. verum esse, Herculem, etc.),
Ov. H. 9, 7; Hor. S. 2, 3, 88.—With neutr. of interrog. pron.: quid nunc vis? Am. Sceleste, at etiam quid velim, id tu me rogas? what do you want now? Plaut. Am. 4, 2, 5:e.eloquere quid velis,
id. Cas. 2, 4, 2: heus tu! Si. Quid vis? id. Ps. 4, 7, 21; so Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 11; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 152:sed plane quid velit nescio,
what his intentions are, Cic. Att. 15, 1 a, 5; id. de Or. 2, 20, 84:mittunt etiam ad dominos qui quaerant quid velint,
to ask for their orders, id. Tusc. 2, 17, 41:quid? Si haec... ipsius amici judicarunt? Quid amplius vultis?
what more do you require, will you have? id. Verr. 2, 3, 65, § 152:quid amplius vis?
Hor. Epod. 17, 30:spectatur quid voluerit scriptor,
we find out the author's intention, Quint. 7, 10, 1.—Sometimes quid vult = quid sibi vult (v. 4. b.), to mean, signify:capram illam suspicor jam invenisse... quid voluerit,
what it signified, Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 30:sed tamen intellego quid velit,
Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 101:quid autem volunt ea di immortales significantes quae sine interpretibus non possimus intellegere? etc.,
id. Div. 2, 25, 54.—Of things as subjects:hunc ensem mittit tibi... Et jubet ex merito scire quid iste velit,
Ov. H. 11, 96.—With rel. pron.:f.quod volui, ut volui, impetravi... a Philocomasio,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 5, 1:ut quod frons velit oculi sciant,
that the eyes know what the forehead wants, id. Aul. 4, 1, 13:illi quae volo concedere,
to yield to him my wishes, id. Cas. 2, 3, 49:si illud quod volumus dicitur,
what we like, id. Truc. 1, 2, 95:multa eveniunt homini quae volt, quae nevolt,
id. Trin. 2, 2, 84; id. Ep. 2, 2, 4:quamquam (litterae tuae) semper aliquid adferunt quod velim,
Cic. Att. 11, 11, 1:quae vellem quaeque sentirem dicendi,
id. Marcell. 1, 1:uti ea quae vellent impetrarent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:satis animi ad id quod tam diu vellent,
to carry out what they had desired so long, Liv. 4, 54, 5:sed quod volebant non... expediebant,
their purpose, id. 24, 23, 9. —Idiomatically: quod volo = quod demonstrare volo, what I intend to prove:illud quod volumus expressum est, ut vaticinari furor vera soleat,
Cic. Div. 1, 31, 67:bis sumpsit quod voluit,
he has twice begged the question, id. ib. 2, 52, 107.—With indef. relations:cornucopia ubi inest quidquid volo,
whatever I wish for, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 5:Caesar de Bruto solitus est dicere: magni refert hic quid velit, sed quidquid volt, valde volt,
whatever he wills he wills strongly, Cic. Att. 14, 1, 2.—With indef. pronn.(α).Si quid vis, if you want any thing: illo praesente mecum agito si quid voles, [p. 2008] Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 72: Py. Adeat si quid volt. Pa. Si quid vis, adi, mulier, id. Mil. 4, 2, 47:(β).eumque Alexander cum rogaret, si quid vellet, ut diceret,
id. Or. 2, 66, 266; Caes. B. G. 1, 7 fin. —Nisi quid vis, unless you wish to give some order, to make some remark, etc.:(γ).ego eo ad forum nisi quid vis,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 94:nunc de ratione videamus, nisi quid vis ad haec,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 42.—Numquid vis or ecquid vis? have you any orders to give? a formula used by inferiors before leaving their superiors; cf. Don. ad Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 39:2.visunt, quid agam, ecquid velim,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 113:numquid vis aliud?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 111; 1, 2, 106; id. Ad. 2, 2, 39; 3, 3, 78; id. Hec. 2, 2, 30:numquid vellem rogavit,
Cic. Att. 6, 3, 6:frequentia rogantium num quid vellet,
Liv. 6, 34, 7:rogavit num quid in Sardiniam vellet. Te puto saepe habere qui num quid Romam velis quaerant,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1.—With acc. of the person: aliquem velle.(α).To want somebody, i. e. in order to see him, to speak with him (ante-class. and colloq.):(β).Demenaetum volebam,
I wanted, wished to see, Demenoetus, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 12:bona femina et malus masculus volunt te,
id. Cist. 4, 2, 40:solus te solum volo,
id. Capt. 3, 4, 70:quia non est intus quem ego volo,
id. Mil. 4, 6, 40:hae oves volunt vos,
id. Bacch. 5, 2, 24:quis me volt? Perii, pater est,
Ter. And. 5, 3, 1:centuriones trium cohortium me velle postridie,
Cic. Att. 10, 16, 4.—With paucis verbis or paucis, for a few words ( moments):volo te verbis pauculis,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 28:sed paucis verbis te volo, Palaestrio,
id. Mil. 2, 4, 22:Sosia, Adesdum, paucis te volo,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 2.—To love, like somebody, to be fond of somebody (anteclass. and poet.):(γ).hanc volo (= amo),
Plaut. As. 5, 1, 18:sine me amare unum Argyrippum... quem volo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 38:quom quae te volt, eamdem tu vis,
id. Mil. 4, 2, 80:aut quae (vitia) corpori' sunt ejus siquam petis ac vis,
Lucr. 4, 1152:quam volui nota fit arte mea,
Ov. Am. 1, 10, 60: nolo virum, facili redimit qui sanguine famam: hunc volo, laudari qui sine morte potest, I like the one who, etc., Mart. 1, 8, 6.—To wish to have:3.roga, velitne an non uxorem,
whether he wishes to have his wife or not, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 43:ut sapiens velit gerere rem publicam, atque... uxorem adjungere, et velle ex ea liberos (anacoluth.),
Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68.—With two accusatives: (narrato) illam te amare et velle uxorem,
that you wish to have her as your wife, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 25; cf. id. Phorm. 1, 2, 65.—With two accusatives, of the person and the thing: aliquem aliquid velle, to want something of somebody (cf.: aliquem aliquid rogare; mostly ante-class.;4.not in Cic.): numquid me vis?
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 120:face certiorem me quid meus vir me velit,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 1:num quidpiam me vis aliud?
id. Truc. 2, 4, 81:nunc verba in pauca conferam quid te velim,
id. As. 1, 1, 74:narrabit ultro quid sese velis,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 60:quid me voluisti?
id. Mil. 4, 2, 35:numquid aliud me vis?
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 101:quin tu uno verbo dic quid est quod me velis,
id. And. 1, 1, 18; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 85; id. Cist. 2, 3, 49; id. As. 2, 3, 12; id. Merc. 5, 2, 27; id. Pers. 4, 6, 11; Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 31; id. Phorm. 2, 4, 18; id. Eun. 2, 3, 47; id. Hec. 3, 4, 15:si quid ille se velit, illum ad se venire oportere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 34:cum mirabundus quidnam (Taurea) sese vellet, resedisset Flaccus, Me quoque, inquit, etc.,
Liv. 26, 15, 11; also, I want to speak with somebody (v. 2. a. a):paucis, Euclio, est quod te volo,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 22:est quod te volo secreto,
id. Bacch. 5, 2, 33.—With acc. of thing and dat. of the person: aliquid alicui velle, to wish something to somebody (= cupio aliquid alicui; v. cupio;a.rare): quamquam vobis volo quae voltis, mulieres,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 1:si ex me illa liberos vellet sibi,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 33:praesidium velle se senectuti suae,
id. ib. 1, 2, 44:nihil est mali quod illa non initio filio voluerit, optaverit,
Cic. Clu. 66, 188:rem Romanam huc provectam ut externis quoque gentibus quietem velit,
Tac. A. 12, 11:cui ego omnia meritissimo volo et debeo,
to whom I give and owe my best wishes, Quint. 9, 2, 35.—Esp., in the phrase quid vis (vult) with reflex. dat. of interest, lit. what do you want for yourself?Quid tibi vis = quid vis, the dat. being redundant (rare):b.quid aliud tibi vis?
what else do you want? Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 90.—With quisque:haud ita vitam agerent ut nunc plerumque videmus Quid sibi quisque velit nescire,
be ignorant as to their own aims and purposes, Lucr. 3, 1058.—What do you mean? what do you drive at? what is your scope, object, drift (rare in post-Aug. writers; Don. ad Ter. Eun. prol. 45, declares it an archaism).(α).In 1 st pers. (rare):(β).nunc quid processerim huc, et quid mihi voluerim dicam,
and what I meant thereby, what was the purpose of my coming, Plaut. As. prol. 6:quid mihi volui? quid mihi nunc prodest bona voluntas?
Sen. Ben. 4, 21, 6.—In 2 d pers.:(γ).quid nunc tibi vis, mulier, memora,
what is the drift of your talk? Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 60: sed quid nunc tibi vis? what do you want to come at (i.e. by your preamble)? id. Poen. 1, 1, 24: quid tu tibi vis? Ego non tangam meam? what do you mean? i. e. what is your purpose? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 28:quid tibi vis? quid cum illa rei tibi est?
id. ib. 4, 7, 34:quid est quod sic gestis? quid sibi hic vestitus quaerit? Quid est quod laetus sis? quid tibi vis?
what do you mean by all this? id. ib. 3, 5, 11:quid est, inepta? quid vis tibi? quid rides?
id. ib. 5, 6, 6:quid vis tibi? Quid quaeris?
id. Heaut. 1, 1, 9: Ph. Fabulae! Ch. Quid vis tibi? id. Phorm. 5, 8, 53:roganti ut se in Asiam praefectum duceret, Quid tibi vis, inquit, insane,
Cic. Or. 2, 67, 269; so in 2 d pers. plur.:pro deum fidem, quid vobis vultis?
Liv. 3, 67, 7.—In 3 d pers.:(δ).quid igitur sibi volt pater? cur simulat?
Ter. And. 2, 3, 1:quid hic volt veterator sibi?
id. ib. 2, 6, 26:proinde desinant aliquando me isdem inflare verbis: quid sibi iste vult?... Cur ornat eum a quo desertus est?
Cic. Dom. 11, 29:quid sibi vellet (Caesar)? cur in suas possessiones veniret?
Caes. B. G. 1, 44 med.:conicere in eum oculos, mirantes quid sibi vellet (i. e. by courting the plebeians),
Liv. 3, 35, 5:qui quaererent quid sibi vellent qui armati Aventinum obsedissent,
id. 3, 50, 15:quid sibi voluit providentia quae Aridaeum regno imposuit?
Sen. Ben. 4, 31, 1: volt, non volt dare Galla mihi, nec dicere possum quod volt et non volt, quid sibi Galla velit, Mart: 3, 90, 2.—Transf. of things as subjects, what means, what signifies? quid volt sibi, Syre, haec oratio? Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 2:5.ut pernoscatis quid sibi Eunuchus velit,
id. Eun. prol. 45:quid ergo illae sibi statuae equestres inauratae volunt?
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 150:quid haec sibi horum civium Romanorum dona voluerunt?
id. ib. 2, 3, 80, §186: avaritia senilis quid sibi velit, non intellego,
what is the meaning of the phrase, id. Sen. 18, 66:quid ergo illa sibi vult pars altera orationis qua Romanos a me cultos ait?
Liv. 40, 12, 14:tacitae quid vult sibi noctis imago?
Ov. M. 9, 473.—Bene or male alicui velle, to wish one well or ill, to like or dislike one (ante-class. and poet.): Ph. Bene volt tibi. St. Nequam est illud verbum bene volt, nisi qui bene facit, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 37 sq.:6.jam diu ego huic bene et hic mihi volumus,
id. Ps. 1, 3, 4:ut tibi, dum vivam, bene velim plus quam mihi,
id. Cas. 2, 8, 30:egone illi ut non bene vellem?
id. Truc. 2, 4, 90; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 95; id. Merc. 2, 1, 21; id. Ps. 4, 3, 7; id. Poen. 3, 3, 9:nisi quod tibi bene ex animo volo,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 6:quo tibi male volt maleque faciet,
Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 44:atque isti etiam parum male volo,
id. Truc. 5, 7; cf. id. As. 5, 1, 13:utinam sic sient qui mihi male volunt,
Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 13:non sibi male vult,
he does not dislike himself, Petr. 38; so, melius or optime alicui velle, to like one better or best:nec est quisquam mihi aeque melius quoi vellem,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42; id. Merc. 5, 2, 57:illi ego ex omnibus optime volo,
id. Most. 1, 4, 24.—And bene velle = velle: bene volueris in precatione augurali Messalla augur ait, significare volueris, Fest. s. v. bene sponsis, p. 351.—With abl.: alicujus causa velle, to like one for his own sake, i. e. personally, a Ciceronian phrase, probably inst. of omnia alicujus causa velle; lit. to wish every thing (i.e. good) in somebody's behalf.(α).With omnia expressed: etsi mihi videor intellexisse cum tecum de re M. Annaeii locutus sum, te ipsius causa vehementer omnia velle, tamen, etc.... ut non dubitem quin magnus cumulus accedat commenda tionis meae, Cic. Fam. 13, 55, 1:(β).repente coepit dicere, se omnia Verris causa velle,
that he had the most friendly disposition towards Verres, id. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 64:accedit eo quod Varro magnopere ejus causa vult omnia,
id. Fam. 13, 22, 1.—Without omnia:7.per eos qui nostra causa volunt, valentque apud illum,
Cic. Att. 11, 8, 1:sed et Phameae causa volebam,
id. ib. 13, 49, 1:etsi te ipsius Attici causa velle intellexeram,
id. ib. 16, 16, A, 6:valde enim ejus causa volo,
id. Fam. 16, 17, 2 fin.:illud non perficis quo minus tua causa velim,
id. ib. 3, 7, 6;12, 7, 1: si me velle tua causa putas,
id. ib. 7, 17, 2:regis causa si qui sunt qui velint,
id. ib. 1, 1, 1:credo tua causa velle Lentulum,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 5; id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21; cf. id. Imp. Pomp. (v. C. 1. b. supra), where the phrase has its literal meaning; cf. also: alicujus causa (omnia) cupere; v. cupio.—With acc. and subjunct. per ecthesin (ante-class.): nunc ego illum meum virum veniat velim (by mixture of constructions: meum virum velim; and:F.meus vir veniat velim),
Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 29:nunc ego Simonidem mi obviam veniat velim,
id. Ps. 4, 5, 10:nimis hercle ego illum corvum ad me veniat velim,
id. Aul. 4, 6, 4:saltem aliquem velim qui mihi ex his locis viam monstret,
id. Rud. 1, 3, 35:patrem atque matrem viverent vellem tibi,
id. Poen. 5, 2, 106; cf. id. Merc. 2, 1, 30 (v. E. 1. d. supra).Velle used absolutely, variously rendered to will, have a will, wish, consent, assent:II.quod vos, malum... me sic ludificamini? Nolo volo, volo nolo rursum,
I nill I will, I will I nill again, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 57: novi ingenium mulierum: Nolunt ubi velis, ubi nolis cupiunt ultro, they will not where you will, etc., id. Eun. 4, 7, 43:quis est cui velle non liceat?
who is not free to wish? Cic. Att. 7, 11. 2:in magnis et voluisse sat est,
Prop. 2, 10 (3, 1), 6:tarde velle nolentis est,
slow ness in consenting betrays the desire to refuse, Sen. Ben. 2, 5, 4:quae (animalia) nullam injuriam nobis faciunt, quia velle non possunt, id. Ira, 2, 26, 4: ejus est nolle qui potest velle,
the power to assent implies the power to dissent, Dig. 50, 17, 3.—So velle substantively:sed ego hoc ipsum velle miserius duco quam in crucem tolli,
that very wishing, Cic. Att. 7, 11, 2: inest enim velle in carendo, the word carere implies the notion of a wish, id. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:velle ac posse in aequo positum erat,
his will and power were balanced, Val. Max. 6, 9, ext. 5:velle tuum nolo, Didyme, nolle volo,
Mart. 5, 83, 2:velle suum cuique est,
each has his own likings, Pers. 5, 53.In partic.A.Redundant, when the will to do is identified with the act itself.1.In imperative sentences.a.In independent sentences introduced by noli velle, where noli has lost the idea of volition:b.nolite, judices, hunc velle maturius exstingui vulnere vestro quam suo fato,
do not resolve, Cic. Cael. 32, 79:nolite igitur id velle quod fieri non potest,
id. Phil. 7, 8, 25: qui timor bonis omnibus injectus sit... nolite a me commoneri velle, do not wish, expect, to be reminded by me, etc., id. Mur. 25, 50: nolite hunc illi acerbum nuntium velle perferri, let it not be your decision that, etc., id. Balb. 28, 64: cujus auspicia pro vobis experti nolite adversus vos velle experiri, do not desire, etc., Liv. 7, 40, 16:noli adversum eos me velle ducere, etc.,
Nep. Att. 4, 2.—Ne velis or ne velit fecisse = ne feceris, or ne facito (v. I. A. 3. a. supra).—So ne velis with pres. inf.:c.neve, revertendi liber, abesse velis (= neve abfueris),
Ov. H. 1, 80.—In affirmative imperative sentences (velim esse = esto;d.rare): tu tantum fida sorori Esse velis (= fida esto or sis),
Ov. M. 2, 745; and in 3 d pers.:di procul a cunctis... Hujus notitiam gentis habere velint (= habeant),
id. P. 1, 7, 8:credere modo qui discet velit (= credat qui discet),
Quint. 8, prooem. 12. —In clauses dependent on verbs of commanding and wishing:2.aut quia significant divam praedicere ut armis Ac virtute velint patriam defendere terram (= ut defendant),
Lucr. 2, 641: precor quaesoque ne ante oculos patris facere et pati omnia infanda velis (= facias et patiaris). Liv. 23, 9, 2:monentes ne experiri vellet imperium cujus vis, etc.,
id. 2, 59, 4; 39, 13, 2:et mea... opto Vulnera qui fecit facta levare velit,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 18: nos contra (oravimus) [p. 2009]... ne vertere secum Cuncta pater fatoque urguenti incumbere vellet, Verg. A. 2, 653. —With pass. perf. inf. (v. I. B. 9. b. b):legati Sullam orant ut filii innocentis fortunas conservatas velit (virtually = fortunas conservet),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 25:a te peto ut utilitatem sociorum per te quam maxime defensam et auctam velis (= defendas et augeas),
id. Fam. 13, 9, 3.—So after utinam or ut:utinam illi qui prius eum viderint me apud eum velint adjutum tantum quantum ego vellem si quid possem (= utinam illi me adjuvent quantum ego adjuvarem, etc.),
id. Att. 11, 7, 7:cautius ut saevo velles te credere Marti (= utinam te credidisses),
Verg. A. 11, 153:edictum praemittit ad quam diem magistratus... sibi esse praesto Cordubae vellet (= sibi praesto essent),
Caes. B. C. 1, 19 (cf. also I. B. 9. b. b, and I. B. 2. fin. supra).—In conditional clauses, si facere velim = si faciam, often rendered by the potential or future auxiliaries would or will:3.non tu scis, Bacchae bacchanti si velis advorsarier, ex insana insaniorem facies? (= si advorseris),
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 80:si meum Imperium exsequi voluisset, interemptam oportuit (= si executus esset),
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 22:si id confiteri velim, tamen istum condemnetis necesse est (= si id confitear),
if I would acknowledge, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 45:si quis velit ita dicere... nihil dicat (= si quis dicat),
id. Fat. 14, 32:dies deficiat si velim numerare, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 32, 81;so,
id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102; id. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52:qua in sententia si constare voluissent, suam auctoritatem... recuperassent,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 14; id. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 31; id. Lael. 20, 75:conicere potestis, si recordari volueritis quanta, etc.,
if you will remember, id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129; so id. Or. 1, 44, 197; id. Brut. 1, 2, 5:quod si audire voletis externa, maximas res publicas ab adulescentibus labefactatas reperietis,
id. Sen. 6, 20; so id. Or. 1, 60, 256; 2, 23, 95:ejus me compotem voti vos facere potestis, si meminisse vultis, non vos in Samnio, etc.,
Liv. 7, 40, 5; 23, 13, 6; 23, 15, 4: cum olera Diogeni lavanti Aristippus dixisset: si Dionysium adulare velles, ista non esses;Imo, inquit, si tu ista esse velles, non adulares Dionysium,
Val. Max. 4, 3, ext. 4:ut si his (legibus) perpetuo uti voluissent, sempiternum habituri fuerint imperium,
id. 5, 3, ext. 3:quid enim si mirari velit, non in silvestribus dumis poma pendere,
Sen. Ira, 2, 10, 6; cf. Curt. 5, 1, 1; 3, 5, 6; Ov. H. 17 (18), 43.—With perf. inf. pass.:nisi ea (opera) certi auctores monumentis suis testata esse voluissent,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 24.—In declarative sentences.a.Volo in 1 st pers. with perf. pass. inf. or part. (volo oratum esse or oratum = oro; v. I. B. 9. b. a and b):b.vos omnes opere magno esse oratos volo benigne ut operam detis, etc.,
Plaut. Cas. prol. 21:justam rem et facilem esse oratam a vobis volo,
id. Am. prol. 33:illud tamen te esse admonitum volo, etc.,
Cic. Cael. 3, 8:sed etiam est paucis vos quod monitos voluerim,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 53:illud te, Tulli, monitum velim etc.,
Liv. 1, 23, 8:quamobrem omnes eos oratos volo Ne, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 26; so, factum volo = faciam: serva tibi sodalem, et mihi filium. Mne. Factum volo, I will, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 91: pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac, etc. Nau. Factum volo, Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 4; so Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 10.—In 3 d pers.:esse salutatum vult te mea littera primum,
Ov. P. 2, 7, 1.—With pres. inf.:c.propterea te vocari ad cenam volo (= voco te),
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 72:sed nunc rogare hoc ego vicissim te volo: quid fuit, etc. (= nunc te rogo),
id. Trin. 1, 2, 136.—With perf. act. inf.:d.pace tua dixisse velim (= pace tua dixerim),
Ov. P. 3, 1, 9.—In other connections, when the will or purpose is made more prominent than the action:B.eorum alter, qui Antiochus vocatur, iter per Siciliam facere voluit (= fecit),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 61:si suscipere eam (religionem) nolletis, tamen in eo qui violasset sancire vos velle oporteret (= sancire vos oporteret),
id. ib. 2, 4, 51, §114: ut insequentibus diebus nemo eorum forum aut publicum adspicere vellet (= adspiceret),
Liv. 9, 7, 11:talentis mille percussorem in me emere voluisti (= emisti),
Curt. 3, 5, 6: quin etiam senatus gratias ei agentem quod redire voluisset ante portas eduxit (= quod redisset), Val. Max. 3, 4, 4:utri prius gratulemur, qui hoc dicere voluit, an cui audire contigit? (= qui hoc dixit),
id. 4, 7, ext. 2:sic tua non paucae carpere facta volent (= carpent),
Ov. P. 3, 1, 64.Velim, as potential subjunctive (mostly in 1 st pers. sing., as subjunctive of modest statement), = volo, I wish, I should like.1.With verb in the second person.a.With pres. subj., so most frequently in Cic.(α).As a modest imperative of the dependent verb: velim facias = fac, I wish you would do it, please do it:(β).ego quae in rem tuam sint, ea velim facias,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 9:eas (litteras) in eundem fasciculum velim addas,
Cic. Att. 12, 53:eum salvere jubeas velim,
id. ib. 7, 7, 7:velim me facias certiorem, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 19, 9:tu velim saepe ad nos scribas,
id. ib. 1, 12, 4:velim mihi ignoscas,
id. Fam. 13, 75, 1:tu velim animum a me parumper avertas,
id. Lael. 1, 5; cf. id. Att. 1, 11, 3; 7, 3, 11; 8, 12, 5; id. Fam. 15, 3, 2 et saep.:haec pro causa mea dicta accipiatis velim,
Liv. 42, 34, 13: velim, inquit, hoc mihi probes, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 51:Musa velim memores, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 53.—Expressing a wish without a command (v. vellem):b.vera dicas velim,
I wish you told the truth, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 18:quam velim Bruto persuadeas ut Asturae sit,
Cic. Att. 14, 15, 4:ipse velim poenas experiare meas,
Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 74;so in asseverations: ita velim me promerentem ames, dum vivas, mi pater, ut... id mihi vehementer dolet,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 47.—With infinitive clause.(α).With the force of a modest imperative:(β).sed qui istuc credam ita esse, mihi dici velim (i. e. a te),
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 15:extremum illud est quod mihi abs te responderi velim,
Cic. Vat. 17, 41 (may be a dependent subjunctive):itaque vos ego, milites, non eo solum animo.... pugnare velim, etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 10.—As a mere wish:c.velim te arbitrari, frater, etc.,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 1:primum te arbitrari id quod res est velim,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 9.—With perf. act.:hanc te quoque ad ceteras tuas eximias virtutes, Masinissa, adjecisse velim,
Liv. 30, 14, 6.—With perf. pass., Liv. 1, 23, 8 (v. II. A. 3. a. supra).—With ut (rare):d.de tuis velim ut eo sis animo, quo debes esse,
Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 4. —With ne (rare), Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 23 (v. I. C. 2. supra).—2.With dependent verb in the third person, expressing a wish.a.With pres. subj.:b.ita se defatigent velim Ut, etc.,
Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 3:de Cicerone quae mihi scribis, jucunda mihi sunt: velim sint prospera,
Cic. Att. 14, 11, 2:velim seu Himilco, seu Mago respondeat,
Liv. 23, 12, 15:sint haec vera velim,
Verg. Cir. 306:nulla me velim syllaba effugiat,
Quint. 11, 2, 45.—With final clause:tu velim mihi ad urbem praesto sis, ut tuis consiliis utar,
Cic. Att. 9, 16, 3; cf. id. ib. 11, 11, 2 (v. I. C. 2. supra).—With ellips. of pres. subj.:velim mehercule Asturae Brutus (i. e. sit),
Cic. Att. 14, 11, 1.—With perf. subj. (a wish referring to the past):c.nimis velim improbissumo homini malas edentaverint,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 48.—With inf.-clause:3.ne ego nunc mihi modium mille esse argenti velim!
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 9: di me perdant! Me. Quodcunque optes, velim tibi contingere, id. Cist. 2, 1, 30:velim eum tibi placere quam maxime,
Cic. Brut. 71, 249: idque primum ita esse velim;deinde etiam, si non sit, mihi persuaderi tamen velim,
id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:quod faxitis, deos velim fortunare,
Liv. 6, 41, 12.—With perf. pass. inf. (v. I. B. 9. b. b, supra):edepol te hodie lapide percussum velim,
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 33:moribus praefectum mulierum hunc factum velim,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 30.—With inf.-clause understood:nimium plus quam velim nostrorum ingenia sunt mobilia,
Liv. 2, 37, 4.—With verb in the first person.a.With inf. pres. (so most freq.):b.atque hoc velim probare omnibus, etc.,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 20, 47:velim scire ecquid de te recordere,
id. Tusc. 1, 6, 13:quare te, ut polliceris, videre plane velim,
id. Att. 11, 9, 3:nec vero velim... a calce ad carceres revocari,
id. Sen. 23, 83:sed multitudo ea quid animorum... habeat scire velim,
Liv. 23, 12, 7:interrogare tamen velim, an Isocrates Attice dixerit,
Quint. 12, 10, 22.—With perf. inf. act., Ov. P. 3, 1, 9 (v. II. A. 3. c.).—With acc. and inf.:c.quod velis, modo id velim me scire,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 8.—So with perf. pass. inf.:ego praeterquam quod nihil haustum ex vano velim, Fabium... potissimum auctorem habui,
Liv. 22, 7, 4.—With subj. pres.:4.eo velim tam facili uti possim et tam bono in me quam Curione,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 10 B. and K. ex conj. Mull. (Lachm., Hoffm. posse; al. possem).—Velim in the principal sentence of conditional clauses, I would, I should be willing:5.aetatem velim servire, Libanum ut (= si) conveniam modo,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 8:velim, si fieri possit,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 12:si quid tibi compendi facere possim, factum edepol velim (redundant),
id. ib. 2, 4, 26:si possim, velim,
id. Stich. 4, 2, 9:nec velim (imitari orationes Thucydidis) si possim,
Cic. Brut. 83, 287:si liceat, nulli cognitus esse velim,
Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 42.—The other persons of velim in potential use (rare).a.Velis.(α).Imperatively = cupito:(β).quoniam non potest fieri quod vis, Id velis quod possit,
Ter. And. 2, 1, 6:atque aliquos tamen esse velis tibi, alumna, penates,
Verg. Cir. 331.—Declaratively with indef. subj.: quom inopia'st, cupias; quando ejus copia'st, tum non velis, then you (i.e. people, they) do not want it, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 45.—(γ).Redundant, as a form of the imperative of the dependent verb, Ov. Am. 1, 4, 38 (v. I. A. 3. a. b); id. H. 1, 80 (v. II. A. 1. b.); id. M. 2, 746 (v. II. A. 1. c.).—b.Velit.(α).Modestly for vult:(β).te super aetherias licentius auras Haud pater ille velit, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 558: nemo enim minui velit id in quo maximus fuit, would like that to be diminished in which, etc., Quint. 12, 11, 6; cf. Verg. A. 2, 104, and Ov. H. 9, 7 (v. I. E. 1. c. supra).— So, poet., instead of vellet with perf. inf.:ut fiat, quid non illa dedisse velit?
Ov. Am. 2, 17, 30.—= imperative of third person:c.arma velit, poscatque simul rapiatque juventus,
Verg. A. 7, 340.—Redundantly, giving to the dependent verb the force of an imperative, Quint. 8, prooem. 12 (v. II. A. 1. c. supra; v. also I. A. 3. a. supra).—Velimus.(α).In the optative sense of velim:(β). d.sed scire velimus quod tibi nomen siet,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 6, 18.—Velitis = velim velitis (i. e. jubeatis, jubete):e.novos consules ita cum Samnite gerere bellum velitis ut omnia ante nos bella gesta sunt,
Liv. 9, 8, 10.—So especially in velitis jubeatis, a formula in submitting a law to the votes of the people in the comitia centuriata or tributa, let it be resolved and ordered by you:rogatus in haec verba populus: velitis jubeatisne haec sic fieri, si respublica populi Romani Quiritium, etc.,
Liv. 22, 10, 2:velitis jubeatis, Quirites... uti de ea re Ser. Sulpicius praetor urbanus ad senatum referat, etc.,
id. 38, 54, 3.—And parodied by Cic.:velitis jubeatis ut quod Cicero versum fecerit,
Cic. Pis. 29, 72.—So in oblique discourse, vellent juberent:rogationem promulgavit, vellent juberent Philippo... bellum indici,
Liv. 31, 6, 1:vellent juberentne se regnare,
id. 1, 46, 1; cf.in the resolution of the people: plebis sic jussit: quod senatus... censeat, id volumus jubemusque,
id. 26, 33, 14.—Velint, optative and redundant, Cic. Att. 11, 7, 7 (v. II. A. 1. d.); Ov. P. 1, 7, 8 (v. II. A. 1. c.).C.Vellem, as potential subjunctive, I wish, should like, should have liked, representing the wish as contrary to fact, while velim refers to a wish which may be realized:1.de Menedemo vellem verum fuisset, de regina velim verum sit,
Cic. Att. 15, 4, 4. It is not used with imperative force; cf.:quod scribis, putare te... vellem scriberes, cur ita putares... tu tamen velim scribas,
Cic. Att. 11, 24, 5.—Often quam vellem, how I wish, i. e. I wish very much; and in the same sense: nimium vellem, v. infra.With verb in first person.a.With inf. pres., I wish, would like, referring to present or future actions:b.videre equidem vos vellem, cum huic aurum darem,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 68:vellem equidem idem posse gloriari quod Cyrus,
Cic. Sen. 10, 32:vellem equidem vobis placere, Quirites, sed, etc.,
Liv. 3, 68, 9:quam fieri vellem meus libellus!
Mart. 8, 72, 9.—With cuperem and optarem:nunc ego Triptolemi cuperem conscendere currus... Nunc ego Medeae vellem frenare dracones... Nunc ego jactandas optarem sumere pennas, etc.,
Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 1 sqq.— [p. 2010] Rarely, I should have liked:tum equidem istuc os tuum inpudens videre nimium vellem!
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 49.—And in conditional sense:maerorem minui: dolorem nec potui, nec, si possem, vellem (i. e. minuere),
Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:certe ego, si sineres, titulum tibi reddere vellem,
Ov. Tr. 4, 5, 13:sic nec amari quidem vellem (i. e. if I were in his place),
Sen. Ira, 1, 20, 4.—With perf. inf., I wish I had:c.abiit, vah! Rogasse vellem,
I wish I had asked him, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 25:maxime vellem semper tecum fuisse,
Cic. Att. 8, 11, D, 5:quam vellem petisse ab eo quod audio Philippum impetrasse,
id. ib. 10, 4, 10:non equidem vellem, quoniam nocitura fuerunt, Pieridum sacris imposuisse manum,
Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 27:ante equidem summa de re statuisse, Latini, Et vellem, et fuerat melius,
Verg. A. 11, 303. —With inf.-clause, the predicate being a perf. part. (v. I. B. 9. b. b, supra):d.virum me natam vellem,
would I had been born a man! Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 9.—With subj. imperf. (rare):2.quam vellem, Panaetium nostrum nobiscum haberemus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15.—The subject of the dependent verb in the second person.a.With subj. imperf. (the regular construction):b.hodie igitur me videbit, ac vellem tum tu adesses,
I wish you could be present, Cic. Att. 13, 7, 2:quam vellem de his etiam oratoribus tibi dicere luberet,
I wish you would please, id. Brut. 71, 248.—With subj. pluperf., I wish you had:c.vellem Idibus Martiis me ad cenam invitasses,
Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 1:quam vellem te ad Stoicos inclinavisses,
id. Fin. 3, 3, 10:vellem suscepisses juvenem regendum,
id. Att. 10, 6, 2:quam vellem Bruto studium tuum navare potuisses,
id. ib. 15, 4, 5.—With ne and pluperf. subj.:d.tu vellem ne veritus esses ne parum libenter legerem tuas litteras,
Cic. Fam. 7, 33, 2.—With ellipsis of verb: vera cantas, vana vellem (i. e. cantares). Plaut. Most. 3, 4, 41.—3.With verb in third person.a.With imperf. subj. (the regular construction):b.patrem atque matrem viverent vellem tibi (per ecthesin, v. I. E. b.),
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 106:vellem adesset Antonius, modo sine advocatis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16:vellem nobis hoc idem vere dicere liceret,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1:vellem adesse posset Panaetius,
id. Tusc. 1, 33, 81:vellem hoc esset laborare,
id. Or. 2, 71, 287.—With pluperf. subj.:c.vellem aliqui ex vobis robustioribus hunc male dicendi locum suscepissent,
Cic. Cael. 3, 7:vellem dictum esset ab eodem etiam de Dione,
id. ib. 10, 23; so id. ib. 31, 74; id. Brut. 44, 163:quam vellem Dareus aliquid ex hac indole hausisset!
Curt. 3, 32 (12), 26.—With inf.-clause.(α).With inf. pres., I wish he were:(β).quam non abesse ab hujus judicio L. Vulsionem vellem!
Cic. Clu. 70, 198:nunc mihi... Vellem, Maeonide, pectus inesse tuum,
Ov. F. 2, 120.—With perf. inf. or part., I wish he had, had been:d.quam vellem Menedemum invitatum!
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 11:epistulas, quas quidem vellem mihi numquam redditas,
Cic. Att. 11, 22, 1.—With ellipsis of predicate: illud quoque vellem antea (i. e. factum, or factum esse),
Cic. Att. 11, 23, 3.—With ut, Cic. Sull. 1, 1; id. Fam. 7, 33, 2 (v. I. C. 1. a. supra).—4.With acc. of a neuter pronoun or of a noun:5.aliquando sentiam us nihil nobis nisi, id quod minime vellem, spiritum reliquum esse,
Cic. Att. 9, 19, 2: tris eos libros maxime nunc vellem: apti essent ad id quod cogito, I would like to have (cf. I. E. 1. a.), id. ib. 13, 22, 2.—In the other persons of vellem (mostly poet.).a.Velles.(α).In optative sentences redundant, Verg. A. 11, 153 (v. II. A. 1. d.).—(β).Of an indefinite subject:b.velles eum (Senecam) suo ingenio dixisse, alieno judicio,
Quint. 10, 1, 130.—Vellet.(α).In the potential sense of vellem: vellet abesse quidem;(β).sed adest. Velletque videre, Non etiam sentire canum fera facta suorum,
Ov. M. 3, 247.—Conditionally:c.quis vellet tanti nuntius esse mali (i. e. if in this situation)?
Ov. H. 12, 146.—Vellent.(α).In the potential sense of vellem:(β).quam vellent aethere in alto Nunc of pauperiem et duros perferre labores!
Verg. A. 6, 436.—Conditionally: nec superi vellent hoc licuisse sibi, would wish, i. e. if in this situation, Mart. 4, 44, 8.D.Volam and voluero.1.In gen.: respiciendus erit sermo stipulationis, utrumne talis sit: quem voluero, an quem volam. Nam si talis fuerit quem voluero, cum semel elegerit, mutare voluntatem non poterit;2.si vero... quem volam, donec judicium dictet, mutandi potestatem habebit,
Dig. 45, 1, 112.—Volam in principal sentences.(α).= Engl. future, I shall wish, etc.:(β).et commeminisse hoc ego volam te,
I shall require you to recollect this, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 7: cum omnia habueris, tunc habere et sapientiam voles? will you also wish to have wisdom when? etc., Sen. Ep. 17, 8.—Denoting present probability: et scilicet jam me hoc voles patrem exorare, ut, etc., you doubtless wish me, etc., Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 27.—3.In clauses dependent on predicates implying a future, generally rendered by an English present:E.quid si sors aliter quam voles evenerit?
otherwise than as you wish, Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 35:tum te, si voles, cum patriae quod debes solveris, satis diu vixisse dicito,
then if you choose, if you will, Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:decedes cum voles,
id. Att. 6, 3, 2:qui magis effugies eos qui volent fingere?
those who are bent upon inventing, who will invent, falsehoods, id. ib. 8, 2, 2; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 4; id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 24:quod voles gratum esse, rarum effice,
Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 1; cf. id. Brev. Vit. 7, 9: si di volent, the gods permitting, August. ap. Suet. Calig. 8:invenies, vere si reperire voles,
Ov. P. 3, 1, 34; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78; Tib. 1, 4, 45.—So, voluero:quem (locum) si qui vitare voluerit, sex milium circuitu in oppidum pervenit,
who wishes to avoid this spot, Caes. B. C. 2, 24.Si vis, parenthetically.1.If you please (cf. sis, supra init.):2.paulum opperirier, Si vis,
Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 52:audi, si vis, nunc jam,
id. Ad. 2, 1, 30:dic, si vis, de quo disputari velis,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13.—If you wish, choose, insist upon it:F.hanc quoque jucunditatem, si vis, transfer in animum,
Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 14:addam, si vis, animi, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 27, 89:concedam hoc ipsum, si vis, etc.,
id. Div. 2, 15, 34.Quam, with any person of the pres. indic. or subj., or imperf. subj. or future, = quamvis, in a concessive sense, virtually, however, however much.1.3 d pers. sing.:2.quod illa, quam velit sit potens, numquam impetravisset (= quamvis sit potens),
however powerful she may be, Cic. Cael. 26, 63:C. Gracchus dixit, sibi in somnis Ti. fratrem visum esse dicere, quam vellet cunctaretur, tamen eodem sibi leto... esse pereundum,
id. Div. 1, 26, 56:quam volet jocetur,
id. N. D. 2, 17, 46.—1 st pers. plur.:3.quam volumus licet ipsi nos amemus, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Har. Resp. 9, 19.—2 d pers. plur.: exspectate facinus quam vultis improbum, vincam tamen, etc., expect a crime, however wicked ( ever so wicked), etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11;4.but: hac actione quam voletis multi dicent,
as many as you choose, id. ib. 2, 2, 42, § 102.—3 d pers. plur.:G.quam volent illi cedant, tamen a re publica revocabuntur,
Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 113:quam volent in conviviis faceti, dicaces, etc., sint, alia fori vis est, alia triclinii,
id. Cael. 28, 67;but: et ceteri quam volent magnas pecunias capere possint,
as much money as they choose, id. Verr. 2, 2, 58, § 142.Volo = malo, to prefer, with a comparative clause (rare):H.quodsi in ceteris quoque studiis a multis eligere homines commodissimum quodque, quam sese uni alicui certo vellent addicere, = si se eligere mallent quam se uni addicere,
Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:malae rei quam nullius duces esse volunt,
Liv. 3, 68, 11:famaene credi velis quanta urbs a te capta sit, quam posteris quoque eam spectando esse?
id. 25, 29, 6.With magis and maxime.1.Magis velle: ut tu illam salvam magis velles quam ego, you wish more than I, etc., Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 17.—2.With maxime, to wish above all, more than any thing or any one else, to be most agreeable to one, to like best, to prefer (among more than two alternatives):K.quia id maxime volo ut illi istoc confugiant,
wish above all, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 49; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 38:maxime vellem, judices, ut P. Sulla, etc.,
Cic. Sull. 1, 1:caritate nos capiunt reges, consilio optimates, libertate populi, ut in comparando difficile ad eligendum sit, quid maxime velis,
which you prefer, like best, id. Rep. 1, 35, 55; so, quemadmodum ego maxime vellem, id. Att. 13, 1, 1:tris eos libros maxime nunc vellem,
above all others, id. ib. 13, 32, 2:alia excusanti juveni, alia recipienti futura, ita ut maxime vellet senatus responderi placuit,
as it was most agreeable to him, Liv. 39, 47:si di tibi permisissent quo modo maxime velles experiri animum meum,
in the manner most convenient to yourself, Curt. 3, 6, 12.In disjunctive co - ordination.1.With sive... sive:2.tu nunc, sive ego volo, seu nolo, sola me ut vivam facis,
whether I choose or not, Plaut. Cist. 3, 14:itaque Campanos sive velint, sive nolint, quieturos,
Liv. 8, 2, 13.—Without connectives.a.Vis tu... vis:b.congredi cum hoste liceat... vis tu mari, vis terra, vis acie, vis urbibus expugnandis experiri virtutem?
Liv. 25, 6, 22.—Velim nolim.(α).Interrogatively, = utrum velim nec ne:(β).velit nolit scire, difficile est,
it is difficult to know whether he intends it or not, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 4.—= seu velim seu nolim:A.ut mihi, velim nolim, sit certa quaedam tuenda sententia,
whether I will or not, Cic. N. D. 1, 7, 17:velim nolim, in cognomine Scipionum haeream necesse est,
Val. Max. 3, 7, 3:mors interim adest, cui velis nolis vacandum est,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 8, 5:hunc ita fundatum necesse est, velit nolit, sequatur hilaritas continua,
id. Vit. Beat. 4, 4:velint nolint, respondendum est... beate vivere bonum non esse,
id. Ep. 117, 4:praeterea futuri principes, velint nolint, sciant, etc.,
Plin. Pan. 20 fin. Part. and P. a.: vŏlens, entis.As a part. proper, retaining the meaning and construction of velle, with the force of a relative or adverbial clause.1.Agreeing with some member of the sentence ( poet. and in post-class. prose;2.rare): neque illum... multa volentem Dicere praeterea vidit (= qui multa voluit dicere),
Verg. G. 4, 501; id. A. 2, 790:nec me vis ulla volentem Avertet (i. e. si adhaerere foederi volo),
id. ib. 12, 203: decemviri, minuere volentes hujuscemodi violentiam... putaverunt, etc., intending ( who intended) to diminish such a violence, etc., Gell. 20, 1, 34:Milo, experiri etiamtunc volens, an ullae sibi reliquae vires adessent... rescindere quercum conatus est,
id. 15, 16, 3:scio quosdam testatores, efficere volentes ne servi sui umquam ad libertatem venirent, etc., hactenus scribere solitos,
Dig. 40, 4, 61:si te volentem ad prohibendum venire, deterruerit aliquis, etc.,
ib. 43, 24, 1, § 10.—Abl. absol. (not ante-Aug.):B. 1.ne cujus militis scripti nomen nisi ipso volente deleretur,
except with his consent, Liv. 7, 41, 4; so,Teum ex medio cursu classem repente avertit, aut volentibus iis usurus commeatu parato hostibus, aut ipsos pro hostibus habiturus,
with their consent, id. 37, 27, 3:ponuntque ferocia Poeni Corda, volente deo,
since the god willed it, Verg. A. 1, 303: Thrasippo supplicium a se voluntaria morte exigere volente, while he was about to inflict punishment on himself, etc., Val. Max. 5, 1, ext. 2: scire volentibus immortalibus dis an Romana virtus imperium orbis mereretur, it being the will of the gods to know, etc., Flor. 1, 13, 3 (1, 7, 3): qui sciente aut volente eo ad quem res pertinet, possessionem nanciscitur, with the knowledge and consent of the person who, etc., Dig. 41, 2, 6. —Attributively.a.In the phrase cum dis volentibus, lit. with the willing or favoring gods, i. e. with the will, permission, or favor of the gods: dono ducite doque volentibu' cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):b.sequere hac, mea gnata, me cum dis volentibus,
Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 4:cum dis volentibus quodque bene eveniat mando tibi Mani uti illaec suovetaurilia, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 141 (142).— And without cum, abl. absol.:virtute ac dis volentibus magni estis et opulenti,
Sall. J. 14, 19.—Volenti animo.(α).= cupide, eagerly:(β).Romae plebes litteris quae de Metello ac Mario missae erant, volenti animo de ambobus acceperant,
Sall. J. 73, 3. —On purpose, intentionally:2.consilio hanc omnes animisque volentibus urbem Adferimur,
Verg. A. 7, 216.—Predicatively.a.Agreeing with the subject-nom. or subject - acc.(α).Voluntarily, willingly, [p. 2011] gladly (class.):(β).(hi) divini generis appellentur... vobisque jure et lege volentes pareant,
Cic. Univ. 11 fin.:quas victi ab hostibus poenas metuerant, eas ipsi volentes pendere,
Sall. J. 76, 6:quia volentes in amicitiam non veniebant,
Liv. 21, 39, 4:si volentes ac non coacti mansissent in amicitia,
id. 24, 37, 7:quocunque loco seu volens seu invitus constitisti,
id. 7, 40, 13:itaque se numquam volentem parte qua posset rerum consilio gerendarum cessurum,
id. 22, 27, 9:(virtus), quidquid evenerit, feret, non patiens tantum, sed etiam volens,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:non est referre gratiam quod volens acceperis nolenti reddere,
id. Ben. 4, 40, 4:volens vos Turnus adoro,
Verg. A. 10, 677; 3, 457; 6, 146;12, 833: date vina volentes,
id. ib. 8, 275: ipsa autem macie tenuant armenta volentes ( on purpose), id. G. 3, 129.—And referring to subjects denoting things: quos rami fructus, quos ipsa volentia rura Sponte tulere sua, carpsit ( spontaneously and willingly), Verg. G. 2, 500.—Favorably; with propitius, favorably and kindly, referring to the gods:b.precantes Jovem ut volens propitius praebeat sacra arma pro patria,
Liv. 24, 21, 10:precantibus ut volens propitiaque urbem Romanam iniret,
id. 29, 14, 13:in ea arce (Victoriam) sacratam, volentem propitiamque, firmam ac stabilem fore populo Romano,
id. 22, 37, 12; 1, 16, 3; 7, 26, 3; 24, 38, 8; Inscr. Orell. 2489 sq.—Parodied by Plautus:agite, bibite, festivae fores! fite mihi volentes propitiae,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 89.— Abl. absol.:omnia diis propitiis volentibusque ea faciemus,
with the favor and help of the gods, Liv. 39, 16, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:si (Jovem) invocem ut dexter ac volens assit,
Quint. 4, prooem. 5.—Agreeing with other terms of the sentence (rare): volenti consuli causa in Pamphyliam devertendi oblata est, a welcome cause was offered to the consul, etc., Liv. 38, 15, 3:c.quod nobis volentibus facile continget,
if we wish, Quint. 6, 2, 30:is Ariobarzanem volentibus Armeniis praefecit,
to their satisfaction, Tac. A. 2, 4:gemis... hominem, Urse, tuum, cui dulce volenti servitium... erat,
to whom his servitude was sweet, since he liked it, Stat. S. 2, 6, 15:me mea virtus, etc., fatis egere volentem,
Verg. A. 8, 133:saepe ille volentem castigabat erum,
administered kindly received rebukes, Stat. S. 2, 6, 50.—In the phrase aliquid mihi volenti est or putatur, etc., something is welcome, acceptable to me, pleases me (= volens habeo or accipio aliquid; cf. the Gr. Humin tauta boulomenois estin, and, mihi aliquid cupienti est; v. cupio;3.rare but class.): uti militibus exaequatus cum imperatore labos volentibus esset,
that the equalization of labor was acceptable to the soldier, Sall. J. 100, 4:quia neque plebei militia volenti putabatur,
id. ib. 84, 3 Dietsch:grande periculum maritumis civitatibus esse, et quibusdam volentibus novas res fore,
that to some a change of the government would be welcome, Liv. 21, 50, 10:quibus bellum volentibus erat, probare exemplum,
Tac. Agr. 18.— Impers. with subject - inf.: ceterisque remanere et in verba Vespasiani adigi volentibus fuit, to the rest it was acceptable to remain, etc., Tac. H. 3, 43.—With subject-inf. understood:si volentibus vobis erit, in medium profero quae... legisse memini,
Macr. S. 7, 13, 11:si volentibus vobis erit, diem fabulis et epulis exigamus,
id. ib. 1, 7; 2, 3 fin.; 6, 6 init. —As subst. (mostly post-Aug.).a.vŏlens, entis, m., = is qui vult, in the different meanings, and often with the construction of the verb.(α).One who wishes:(β).nunc cis Hiberum castra Romana esse, arcem tutam perfugiumque novas volentibus res,
Liv. 22, 22, 11:consulere se volentibus vacuas aures accommodavit,
Val. Max. 5, 8, 3:quid opus libertate si volentibus luxu perire non licet,
id. 2, 9, 5:discere meliora volentibus promptum est,
i. e. it depends on our own will to learn better things, Quint. 11, 11, 12:nec sum in hoc sollicitus, dum res ipsa volentibus discere appareat,
to the students, id. 8, 4, 15:mori volentibus vis adhibita vivendi,
Suet. Tib. 61.—One who intends, is about:(γ).juris ignorantia non prodest acquirere volentibus,
i. e. in the acquisition of property, Dig. 22, 6, 7:si quis volentem incipere uti frui prohibuit,
one who is about to enter upon a usufruct, ib. 43, 16, 3, § 14. —One who is willing:(δ).non refert quid sit quod datur, nisi a volente volenti datur,
unless it is both willingly given and received, Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 8:ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt,
those willing to follow, id. Ep. 107, 11.—One who consents:(ε).tutiusque rati volentibus quam coactis imperitare,
to rule men with their consent, Sall. J. 102, 6:quippe rempublicam si a volentibus nequeat ab invitis jus expetituram,
peaceably if they could, forcibly if they must, Liv. 3, 40, 4:si quis aliam rem pro alia volenti solverit,
if one pays with the consent of the receiver, Dig. 46, 3, 46:nulla injuria est quae in volentem fiat,
ib. 47, 10, 1, § 5.—One who does a thing voluntarily:(ζ).pecuniam etiam a volentibus acceperant,
the contributions of money were voluntary, Vell. 2, 62, 3:parce, puer, stimulis... (solis equi) Sponte sua properant. Labor est inhibere volentis (i. e. properare),
Ov. M. 2, 128.—Volens = bene volens: munificus nemo habebatur nisi pariter volens, unless he was just as kindly disposed, sc. as he was liberal, Sall. J. 103, 6.—Often referring to a previously mentioned noun:b.hunc cape consiliis socium et conjunge volentem,
and unite with him, since he wishes it, Verg. A. 5, 712; so may be taken Ov. M. 2, 128 (v. e).—In the neutr. plur. (volentia) rare, always with dat., things pleasing, acceptable:2.Pompeius multis suspitionibus volentia plebi facturus habebatur,
that he would do what pleased the common people, Sall. H. 4, 31 Dietsch:haec atque talia plebi volentia fuere,
Tac. A. 15, 36 Draeg. ad loc. al.:iique Muciano volentia rescripsere,
id. H. 3, 52.—Hence, adv.: vŏlenter, willingly, App. M. 6, p. 178, 4.vŏlo, āvi, ātum ( part. gen. plur. volantūm, Verg. A. 6, 728; Lucr. 2, 1083), 1, v. n. [Sanscr. val-, to turn one's self, etc.; cf.: vŏlucer, vēlox, and vol- in velivolus], to fly.I.Lit.: ex alto... laeva volavit avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 95 Vahl.):2. II.aves,
Lucr. 6, 742:accipitres,
id. 4, 1010:corvi,
id. 2, 822:altam supra volat ardea nubem,
Verg. G. 1, 364:volat ille per aëra magnum Remigio alarum,
id. A. 1, 300:columbae venere volantes,
id. ib. 6, 191; Prop. 2, 30 (3, 28), 30; Juv. 8, 251:apes,
Ov. A. A. 1, 96; cf. Plin. 10, 38, 54, § 112:volasse eum (Antonium), non iter fecisse diceres,
Cic. Phil. 10, 5, 11.—Prov.:sine pennis volare haud facile est,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 49.—Transf., to fly, i. e. to move swiftly like one flying, to fleet, speed, hasten along:3.i sane... vola curriculo,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 17; cf.:per summa levis volat aequora curru,
Verg. A. 5, 819:medios volat ecce per hostes Vectus equo spumante Saces,
id. ib. 12, 650:illa (Argo) volat,
Ov. H. 6, 66:currus,
Verg. G. 3, 181:axis,
id. ib. 3, 107:nubes,
Lucr. 5, 254:fulmina,
id. 2, 213:tempestates,
id. 6, 612:telum,
id. 1, 971; cf. Sall. J. 60, 2; Verg. A. 9, 698; Liv. 26, 44, 7 al.:litterae Capuam ad Pompeium volare dicebantur,
Cic. Att. 2, 19, 3:volat aetas,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 76:hora,
Sen. Hippol. 1141:fama,
Verg. A. 3, 121:et semel emissum volat irrevocabile verbum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 71.— Poet., with inf.:ast Erebi virgo ditem volat aethere Memphim Praecipere et Phariā venientem pellere terrā,
Val. Fl. 4, 407.vŏlo, ōnis, m. [1. volo], a volunteer, first applied to the slaves who, after the battle at Cannæ, were enrolled upon their own expressed desire to serve (cf. Liv. 22, 57, 11; Val. Max. 7, 6, 1):volones dicti sunt milites, qui post Cannensem cladem usque ad octo milia, cum essent servi, voluntarie se ad militiam obtulere,
Paul. Diac. p. 370:volones, quia sponte hoc voluerunt, appellati,
Macr. S. 1, 11, 30:vetus miles tironi, liber voloni sese exaequari sineret,
Liv. 23, 35, 6; 23, 32, 1; Capitol. Anton. Phil. 21, 6; Macr. S. 1, 11, 30. -
52 exprimo
ex-primo, pressī, pressum, ere [ premo ]1) выжимать ( spongiam CC); выдавливать (sucum e semine PM; sucos herbarum Pt)e. nasum M — сморкатьсяe. spiritum T — испустить дух, скончаться2) выпирать, делать выпуклым3)а) вымогать ( pecuniam alicui Su); вынуждать ( confessionem alicui L)expressi ut conficere se tabulas negaret C — я добился у него признания, что записей он не вёлб) выманивать ( nummos ab aliquo blanditiis C); вызывать (risum alicui Pt, PJ)e. vocem C — добиться слова, заставить (кого-л.) говорить4) внятно произносить, ясно выговаривать, отчеканивать (verba, litteras Q)5) вытиснуть, изваять, изобразить (in cerā imaginem Pl; aliquid in marmore T; simulacra ex auro QC); обрисовывать ( vestis exprīmit singulos artus T)6) изображать, описывать (mores, speciem versibus C); выражать ( aliquid Latine PJ)e. non possum, quanto sim gaudio affectus PJ — не могу выразить, как я радaliquid ad verbum de Graecis e. C — переводить что-л. с греческого слово в слово8) (тж. e. aliquid imitando и imitatione C) копировать, воспроизводить, представлять (alicujus vitam et consuetudinem C; incessum alicujus Sen; vultum sonumque loquendi O)9) нагнетать, поднимать вверх (aquam in altum PM и in altitudinem Vtr; aquam machinationibus e mari Hirt); поднимать ( turres Cs) -
53 reddo
red-do, reddidī, redditum, ere1) отдавать назад, выдавать обратно, возвращать (aliquid alicui Pl, C etc.; redde, quod debes Pt)r. aliquid naturae suae QC — возвращать чему-л. естественный видme nox diei reddidit Ap — проспав всю ночь, я утром проснулсяse r. — вернуться ( convivio L), представиться ( oculis V), вновь присоединиться ( alicui PJ)se in arma Teucrorum r. V — вновь вступить в бой с тевкрами2) давать отклик, откликаться, повторять (sonum VF; clamorem QC); говорить в ответ ( alicui talia V)r. mutua dicta O — обмениваться словамиr. responsum V, L — давать ответ, отвечать3) давать, производить ( ager reddit Cererem H)4) открывать, показывать ( mare terras reddit PM)5) излагать, рассказывать, передавать ( omnia sine scripto C); произносить ( verba māle O)nomina omnium r. Pt — называть всех по имени6) переводить (aliquid Latine C; verbum pro verbo C и verbum verbo H)7) воспроизводить, отражать (omnia diligenter pictor reddiderat Pt)r. vultum alicujus SenT — походить лицом на кого-л.r. aliquem nomine V — называться как кто-л.fulgorem auri r. PM — блестеть как золото8)а) делать (aliquem meliorem C; aliquem inimicum SenT; homines ex feris mites C; mare tutum Nep; ferrum acutum H)r. in antiquum statum Vop — вернуть в прежнее состояниеб) превращать (aliquem avem r. O)9) (тж. r. rursus H) воздавать., отплачивать (r. beneficium Ter, C, Cs; r. odium pro gratia T; r. hostibus cladem L); отдавать ( pro vita vitam Cs)10) приносить ( victĭmas H)11) отдавать, жертвовать ( vitam pro patriā C); уплачивать ( debĭtum Tib)morbo naturae debitum r. Nep — отдать долг природе, т. е. умереть от болезни12) исполнять (promissa, vota alicui V, C etc.)veniebam redditum, quod pepigeram Ap — я пришёл исполнить то, что обещал13) терпеть, претерпеватьpoenas alicui rei r. Sl — нести наказание за что-л.14) доставлять, вручать, передавать ( epistulam alicui ab aliquo C)15) оказывать, воздавать (suum cuique C; honorem C); давать ( veniam peccatis H)jus (jura) r. T etc. — выносить суждение, судитьjudicium r. Ter, Cs, Q etc. — производить или назначать судебное следствиеrationem r. C etc. — отдавать отчёт16) оставлять ( populo leges suas L)partu r. — рожать ( catulum O)18) выделять (urinam, alvum CC) -
54 sum
I 1. fuī, esse1) быть, существовать (pericla, quae non sunt PS)omnes qui sunt, qui fuerunt, qui futuri sunt C — все (те), которые существуют, которые существовали которые будут существовать2) происходить, совершаться, приключаться, бывать, случатьсяsenatus hodie fuerat futurus C — сенат должен был собраться (заседание сената должно было состояться) сегодняsolis defectio fuit C — произошло солнечное затмение3)а) быть налицо, быть в наличии, иметьсяflumen est Arar, quod in Rhodanum influit Cs — есть река Арар, которая впадает в Роданut nunc quidem est C — при нынешних, по крайней мере, обстоятельствахsunt, qui, quod sentiunt, non audent dicere C — есть (люди), которые (т. е. некоторые) не решаются высказывать то, что думают; или с conjct.sunt verba et voces, quibus hunc lenire dolorem possis H — существуют слова и звуки, посредством которых ты мог бы унять это страданиеб) редко est = suntest, quibus Eleae concurrit palma quadrigae Prp — есть (такие), которые в Элее оспаривают первенство в состязании квадриг4) быть верным, действительнымsunt ista C — да, это такest, ut dicis C — ты правильно говоришь(verum) esto C — но, допустим5) быть, находиться (Romae, ruri, in foro, apud exercitum, ante oculos C)mons Jura est inter Sequanos et Helvetios Cs — гора Юра находится между областями секванов и гельветовcertum non habeo, ubi sis aut ubi futurus sis C — я точно не знаю, ни где ты находишься, ни куда собираешьсяapud aliquem esse C — быть у кого-л. в гостяхtotum in eo est (ut) C — всё дело в том (что, чтобы)ab aliquo esse Ter etc. — происходить от кого-л. или C держать чью-л. сторонуpro aliquo esse C — считаться кем-л.6) пребывать, тж. состоять в браке, находиться в связи ( cum aliquā Ter)est ubi... C — бывает, случается, что...est quod T, C или cur... C — есть причина тому, что...7) содержаться, быть написаннымexemplum litterarum, in quo erat illas undĕcim esse legiones C — копия письма, в котором было сказано, что этих легионов было одиннадцать8) изредка являться, приходить9) состоятьcreticus est ex longā et brevi et longā C — кретик (критский стих) состоит из (слогов) долгого, краткого и долгого10) длиться, продолжаться (obsidio triginta dies fuit L)11) принадлежать, быть присущим, свойственнымei morbo nomen est avaritia C — имя этой болезни — алчностьalicujus militiae vacatio est C — кто-л. свободен от военной службы12) находиться в зависимости, зависетьnon est in medico semper, relevetur ut aeger O — не всегда во власти врача исцелить больного13) обстоятьres ita est Sl etc. — так обстоит дело14) значить15) с dat. быть, служить, способствовать, приноситьaliquid alicui est laudi Nep — что-л. кому-либо приносит славуsaluti esse C, Cs — способствовать спасению, быть на благо16) относиться, касаться17) с dat. gerundii быть (при)годным, подходящимsolvendo C (или aeri alieno L) esse — быть платёжеспособным18) в pf. больше не существовать, погибнутьfuimus Troes, fuit Ilium V — нет уж нас, троянцев, нет больше Илионаsive erimus, seu nos fata fuisse volent Tib (pl. = sg.) — буду ли я жив, или судьбе будет угодно, чтобы я погиб2. как глагол-связка (verbum copulativum)1) быть, служить, являться, представлять собойnos numerus sumus H — мы представляем собой массу (толпу)2) с gen. poss. принадлежать, быть присущим, быть признаком, свойством ( domus est patris C)temeritas est florentis aetatis C — отвага — свойство цветущего возрастаquid hoc sit hominis? Pl (негодующе) — что это за человек такой?hominum, non causarum toti erant L — (римляне в то время) были преданы личностям, а не делам (принципам)4) надлежать, подобать, быть обязанностьюadulescentis est majores natu revereri C — юноше надлежит почитать старших по возрасту5) с gen. gerundivi служить, способствоватьea, quae diutinae obsidionis tolerandae erant L — то, что помогало (могло помочь) выдержать длительную осаду6) с gen. и abl. qualit. иметь, обладать7) в sg. + gen. составлять, образовывать, состоять8) стоитьager nunc multo pluris est, quam tunc fuit C — (это) поле стоит теперь много дороже, чем стоило тогдаvestimenta, quae vix fuissent decem sestertiorum Pt — носильные вещи, которые стоили никак не больше 10 сестерциев9) быть важным, иметь значениеest, ubi damnum praestet facere, quam lucrum Pl — бывает, что (бывают такие случаи, когда) убыток приходится предпочесть прибыли. — см. тж. futurusII sum Enn = eum III sum- приставка = sub- -
55 supinum
supīnum, ī n. [ supinus ] (sc. verbum) грам.1) позднее название форм acc. и abl. (или loc.) отглагольных существительных, образованных с помощью суффикса -tu (у Q — verbum participiale)2) ( устаревшее значение) = gerundium (предпол. «двухсторонняя», т. е. глагольно-существительная форма; ср. в supinus 2.; carmen supinum) -
56 addo
ad-do, didī, ditum, ere, I) beitun, beigeben = jmd. od. etw. wohin geben, bringen, setzen, legen (Ggstz. demere, adimere), 1) eig.: epistulas in fasciculum, Cic.: manus alcis in vincla, Ov.: album in vestimentum, auftragen auf usw., Liv.: venenum in plagam, gießen, Suet.: iugis arcem, Verg.: soleam pedi, Ov.: alci calcar od. calcaria, anspornen (bildl.), Hor. u. Plin. ep.: addidi stimulos nec lente ire passus sum, Sen. ep. – einer Pers. beigeben, Argum Iovi custodem, Plaut.: alci comitem, Verg.: additis auxilio (zur Unterstützung) perfugis, Sall.: dah. alci additus, jmdm. als lästig, zum Unheil beigegeben, lästig, verfolgend, aufsätzig, Verg. u.a.; s. Wagner Verg. Aen. 6, 90. Drak. Sil. 2, 565. – 2) übtr.: a) beibringen, bei-, auflegen, einflößen, pudicitiae vitium, Plaut.: fidem contioni, Liv.: alimenta rumoribus, N. geben, Liv.: dignitatem, Sall.: honorem, Liv.: alci animum od. animos, Cic.: strenuis vel ignavis spem metumve, Tac.: alci alacritatem scribendi, Cic.: virtutem, Sall.: metum, Tac. – b) belehrend beibringen, alci m. folg. Infin., Sil. 8, 547 sq. – II) vermehrend hinzutun, hinzufügen, beifügen, zulegen, vermehren (Ggstz. demere, adimere, detrahere), 1) eig.: a) übh.: auget, addit, accumulat, Cic.: add. unum granum, Cic.: viro forti virgas, Hiebe zulegen, einige H. mehr geben, Liv.: numerum colonorum, Liv.: gradum (sc. gradui), Schritt zum Schritt häufen, die Schritte verdoppeln, -beschleunigen, Plaut., Liv. u.a.: nummum addere nummo, Geld auf G. häufen, Hieron.: addere in spatia (= spatia in spatia), Umlauf auf Umlauf vollenden, Verg.: ad quattuor priores quintam decuriam, Suet.: m. dopp. Acc., alci alqm adiumentum deprecandi, Dict. 3, 20. – b) schriftlich, verordnend hinzufügen, als Zusatz beifügen, in orationem quaedam, einige Zusätze machen, Cic.: ad epistulas alqd, Suet.: multas res novas in edictum, Nep.: annos duos ad duo lustra, Ov.: m. folg. ut u. Konj., ad caput legis, ut etc., Suet. Cal. 40: quam ob rem in tuam sententiam non addidisti, uti etc.? warum hast du zu deinem Antrage nicht den Zusatz gemacht, baß usw.? Sall. Cat. 51, 21. – c) als Gebot zulegen, mehr geben, Nov. com. bei Cic. de or. 2, 255. – d) als t.t. der Rechenkunst = addieren (Ggstz. deducere, subtrahieren), addendo deducendoque videre, quae reliqui summa fiat, Cic. de off. 1, 59. – 2) übtr.: a) übh.: aliquid, Cic.: plus, aliquantum ad alqd, Cic.: hunc laborem ad cotidiana opera, Caes.: ad iter circuitum, Caes. – paulum alci aliquid, überbieten, übertreffen, Cic. (vgl. cui nihil addi potest, unübertrefflich, Cic.): historiae maiorem sonum, Cic.: vim victis, Verg.: operi noctem, auch die Nacht zum Werke benutzen, Verg.: sceleri scelus, V. auf V. häufen, Liv.: alqm Troiae periturae, mit in Trojas Verderben hineinziehen, Verg. – b) eine Zeit als Frist hinzufügen, noch gewähren, alci dieculam, Tac.: paucos dies ad remp. gerendam, Cic.: addito tempore, mit der Z., Tac.: additā aetate, mit den Jahren, Plin. – c) zu etwas Gesagtem hinzu-, beisetzen, od. -fügen, mit etw. fortfahren, verbum adde unum (drohend), sprich nur noch ein Wort! Plaut.: verbum non amplius addam, Hor.: ad hoc maledicta alia, Sall.: addito metu mortis, ihn sogar mit dem Tode bedrohend, Curt.: addunt etiam de Sabini morte, Caes.: neque tamen quicquam tam anguste scriptum est, quo ego non possim qua de re agitur addere, Cic. – m. folg. Acc. u. Infinit., addebat se audisse, Ter.: addit etiam illud, equos non optimos fuisse, Cic.: addunt ipsi et affingunt rumoribus, retineri urbano motu Caesarem, Caes.: m. folg. ut u. Konj., at etiam, ut media nocte proficiscamur, addunt, Caes. b.c. 2, 31, 7: additur m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Tac. ann. 16, 17: additur, ut etc., Plin. ep. 8, 6, 6: additum est, ut etc., Plin. ep. 3, 9, 17; pan. 40, 3: m. folg. quod, zB. addam, quod etc., Plin. ep. 3, 14, 6: addiderunt, quod etc., Plin. ep. 3, 9, 6. – dah. nach aug. der Ablat. absol. addito, mit dem Zusatze, hinzufügend, mit folg. Acc. u. Infinit., Tac. ann. 1, 35; 2, 28: m. folg. ut u. Konj., Tac. ann. 3, 2. Plin. 15, 62. Apul. met. 10, 24: m. folg. ne u. Konj., Tac. ann. 5, 2: so auch addito eo, ut etc., Spart. Pesc. 10, 1. Lampr. Alex. Sev. 1, 2. – amplitudo, addo etiam utilitatem, und, füge ich hinzu, auch der Nutzen, Cic.: so bes. (bei Erweiterung u. näherer Begründung des Gesagten durch einen neuen Gedanken od. Umstand) adde od. adde huc od. adde eo (eodem) m. Acc. subst. od. m. quod, füge bei, nimm dazu, dazu noch, denke dir noch u. dgl. (selbst in der Anrede an mehrere, wie Liv. 26, 41, 12), adde ductus aquarum, Cic.: adde huc fontium perennitates, Cic.: adde eodem exsilia, luctus, Cic.: adde huc, quod, As. Poll. in Cic. ep. u.a.: adde quod, Liv. u.a. Vgl. Krebs-Schmalz Antib.7 Bd. 1. S. 83. Seyffert Schol. Lat. 1. p. 38. – / Arch. adduit = addit, Plebisc. vet. bei Fest. 246 (b), 11: addues = addideris, Paul. ex Fest. 27, 14: adduitor = additur, XII tabb. X, 7 Schoell (aus Plin. 21, 7, wo Detl. duitor). – parag. Inf. Präs. Pass. addier, Arn. 7, 14.
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57 alte
altē, Adv. m. Compar. u. Superl. (altus), I) hoch, a) eig.: escendere in malum (Mast) alte, Varr. fr.: alte in terram cadere, Varr. fr.: extollere pugionem, Cic.: cadere, hoch herab, Cic.: se tollere a terra altius, Cic.: altissime evolare, v. Adler, Suet.: alte cinctus, Hor. – b) übtr.: alte ascendere, Cic.: spectare, die Blicke hoch heben = nach Hohem (nach einem hohen Ziele) streben, Cic.: ingenium altissime assurgit, Plin. ep.: ille dies virtutem Catonis altissime illuminavit, Vell.: eadem facta claritate vel obscuritate facientium aut tolluntur altissime aut humillime deprimuntur, Plin. ep.: alte natus, Albinov. – II) tief, a) eig.: alte obruere celocem, Varr. fr.: ferrum haud alte in corpus descendisse, Liv.: sulcus altius impressus, Cic.: repetiti od. tracti altius gemitus, Sen. rhet. u. Sen. phil. – b) übtr.: quod verbum in Iugurthae pectus altius quam quisquam ratus erat descendit, Sall.: quod dictum altius in pectus Bassiani descendit, Spart.: alte conquiesse, Afran. com.: penitus atque alte usum ac sententiam legis introspicere, Gell.: verbum transferre altius, zu kühn, hart usw., Cic.: alte petere, weit herholen, Cic.: altius repetens, Verg.: altius perspicere, weiter sehen, tiefer nachdenken, Cic.: altius expedire, von Anfang an erzählen, Tac.: altius animis maerere, Tac.: ea offensio altius penetrabat, quia etc., Tac.: haec odia altissime sedent, Ps. Quint. decl. – altius (eingehender) disserere m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, Tac. ann. 3, 25 extr.
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58 an
an, Coni. (vgl. griech. ἄν), auch mit ne verstärkt in anne, leitet das »zweite« Glied eines disjunktiven Satzes ein, in dem einer sein eigenes unentschiedenes Urteil »zweifelnd« oder »fragend« so ausspricht, daß er von einem andern die Entscheidung erwartet od. erbittet, wie unser oder, oder ob, I) in disjunktiven Zweifelsätzen, nach allen Verben, die Zweifel, Ungewißheit u. dgl. ausdrücken, wie dubito, dubium od. incertum est, nescio etc., refert, interest, auch video, scio, doceo, disco usw., u. zwar: 1) bei vollständiger Disjunktion: a) einem mit utrum, utrumne, auch ne, od. absol. vorangestellten Gliede als Gegensatz folgend, desinite dubitare, utrum... an, Cic.: utrum... an..., incertus sum, Ter.: incertum est, ne (enklit.)... an... anne, Verg.: ut nescias, utrum... an..., Cic.: quid refert, utrum... an..., Varr. – honestumne factu sit an turpe, dubitant, Cic.: refert etiam qui audiant, senatus an populus an iudices, Cic. – dah. b) in zusammengezogener Rede, ohne ein Verbum des Zweifels u. dgl., gleichs. fragend, oder vielleicht, oder etwa auch, ohne Partikel beim ersten Glied u. auch ohne Einfluß auf das Verbum (s. Piderit Cic. Brut. 89. Heräus Tac. hist. 1, 7, 9), Cn. Octavius est, an Cn. Cornelius quidam, Cic.: non plus duobus an tribus mensibus, Cic.: u. so ter an quater, Apul. apol. 43: septem an octo, Plin. ep. 6, 13, 5. – u. so c) wie sive, mit diesem sogar wechselnd, wo man, seiner Sache nicht gewiß, auch nicht zu entscheiden wagt, wenigstens es für gleichgültig hält, oder, quod sit, an non, nihil analogiam commovet, Varr. LL.: sive fatali vecordiā, an... ratus, Tac.: iure an iniuriā, Liv. 2, 54, 7.
Häufig 2) elliptisch, so daß durch den auf das zweite Glied gelegten Nachdruck das erste, leicht zu ergänzende gleichsam übersehen u. ausgelassen ist, ob nicht; so zunächst a) in der Redensart dubito an (durch alle Personen u. Tempora), u. die Formel haud scio an od. nescio an, als höflicher, bescheidener Ausdruck der subjektiven Überzeugung, wie unser: ich bezweifle, ich weiß nicht recht, ob nicht, d.i. ich glaube fast, ich vermute, daß usw., od. mit noch größerer Zurückhaltung dubitem od. dubitaverim an, haud sciam an, ich möchte bezweifeln, wüßte nicht, ob nicht, d.i. ich möchte fast glauben, annehmen, vermuten, daß usw. (vgl. Klotz Cic. Tusc. 3, 55 u. 4, 50); dah. oft = vielleicht, vermutlich, wahrscheinlich, doch wohl, meines Erachtens u. dgl., dubito an hunc primum omnium ponam, Nep. – tamenne dubitemus, an ei nos etiam cum periculo venditemus, Cic. – haud scio an satis sit, eum, qui lacessiverit, iniuriae suae paenitēre, Cic.: vir sapientissimus atque haud scio an omnium praestantissimus, Cic.: id quod haud sciam an tu primus ostenderis, Cic.: haud scio anne uxorem ducat, Ter.: haud sciam anne super omnes homines impenso labore eam quaesissem, Apul.: extremum illud est, quod nescio an tu primum putes, Cic.: nescio an modum excesserint, Liv. – / Von selbst ergibt sich, daß die Verneinung des von dubito an u. haud scio an od. nescio an abhängigen Satzes durch non u. (nach den beiden letztern) durch ne... quidem, nullus, nemo, nihil, numquam, minus etc. ausgedrückt werden muß, dubitet an turpe non sit, Cic.: quod haud scio an non possis, Cic.: haud scio an ne opus quidem sit, Cic.: meā sententiā haud scio an nulla beatior esse possit, Cic.: haud scio an minus hoc vobis probaturus sim, Cic. – ebenso b) übh. bei Verben des Zweifelns, Nichtwissens u. dgl., moriendum enim certe est, et id incertum, an eo ipso die, ob nicht an usw., Cic.: dubium an quaesitā, morte, zweifelhaft, ob nicht, d.i. vielleicht freiwilligen Todes, Tac.
3) ohne Rücksicht auf den disjunktiven Sinn auch (aber nie bei Cicero, sehr häufig in nachaug. Prosa) übh. zweifelnd, wie num, ob, u. mit Hinneigung zur Verneinung, dubito an idem tibi quod tunc mihi suadeam, Plin. ep.: quis scit an adiciant hodiernae crastina summae tempora di superi? Hor.: u. wiederholt, ob... ob, hunc tu ignorantem an sedeat putas scire, an vivat, an videat, an otiosus sit, Sen. – bes. nescio an im Munde des Zweifelnden mehr das Unwahrscheinliche andeutend, ich weiß nicht, ob, d.h. ich glaube nicht wohl, daß usw.; vielleicht nicht, schwerlich, nescio an tibi gratius opportuniusque acciderit, Caecin. in Cic. ep.: an profecturus sim, nescio, Sen.
II) in disjunktiven Fragesätzen: 1) bei vollständiger Doppelfrage, zunächst a) bei wirklicher Unentschiedenheit des Fragenden für das eine od. das andere, einem mit utrum, utrumne, ne od. absol. vorangestellten Satze folgend, α) in direkter Frage, oder, utrum ea vestra an nostra culpa est? Cic.: utrum praedicemne an taceam? Ter.: Romamne veniam, an hic maneam, an Arpinum fugiam? Cic.: domum paternamne anne ad Peliae filias? Enn. fr.: dicam huic, an non dicam? Ter.: roger, anne rogem? Ov. – β) in indirekter Frage, oder ob, oder, id utrum Romano more locutus sit, an quo modo Stoici dicunt, postea videro, Cic.: quid mihi quaeram, sanus sim anne insaniam! Ter.: quaerendum, utrum una species et longitudo sit earum, anne plures, Cic. (u. so öfter bei Cicero mit anne, s. Matthiä Cic. de imp. Pomp. 57). – b) bei vorgefaßter Entscheidung für das eine od. das andere, u. zwar: α) für Bejahung des ersten mit non od. ne vorangestellten Gliedes, non manum abstines, an tibi iam mavis cerebrum dispergam hic? Ter.: quid hoc intellextin, an nondum etiam ne hoc quidem? Ter.: me certiorem facias, P. Crassus vivone patre suo mortuus sit, ut ego meminisse videor, an post? ob nicht... oder, Cic. – β) für Bejahung des zweiten Gliedes, wo dann die mindere Wahrscheinlichkeit des ersten durch num, auch ne angedeutet wird, num Homerum, num Hesiodum etc.... coëgit in suis studiis obmutescere senectus? an in omnibus his studiorum agitatio vitae aequalis fuit? Cic.: unum illud nescio, gratulerne tibi, an timeam? Cic. – c) an non od. annon, oder nicht, wie mit Wiederholung, so auch mit Auslassung des Verbums vom ersten Glied, wo wahre Disjunktion oder gar Hinneigung zur Bejahung des zweiten Gliedes stattfindet, in direkter Frage, parebis legibus, annon? Varr. fr.: pater eius rediit, annon? Ter.: num tabulas habet, annon? Cic. – u. in indirekter, utrum sit an non voltis? Plaut.: utrum saluber locus esset, annon? Varr. 2) elliptisch, so daß bloß die Gegenfrage mit an ausgesprochen, das erste, sich leicht aus dem Zusammenhange ergänzende Glied aber ausgelassen wird (nie bei einfacher direkter Frage), u. zwar: a) wenn man im Sinne des andern, also mit einer Art Ironie od. mit Staunen fragt u. deshalb Verneinung erwartet, oder, oder vielmehr, oder wohl gar, oder etwa? (wo man im eigenen Sinne mit num od. ne fragen würde), an id ioco dixisti? oder hast du etwa im Scherz gesprochen? Plaut.: an abiit iam a milite? Ter.: an etiam id dubium est? Cic.: an putas? Cic.: anne est intus Pamphilus? Ter.: anne oportuit? Plaut. – dah. an non ( nicht annon) mit bejahender Kraft (wie wenn man im eigenen Sinne mit nonne fragen würde), quo fretus sim? an non dixi esse hoc futurum? oder habe ich nicht gesagt? Ter.: an haec ab eo non dicuntur? Cic. – bes. b) wenn man das Gegenteil wünscht oder voraussetzt u. sich wundern würde, wenn es bejaht werden sollte, doch nicht gar? denn? (dah. auch neben den Ausrufen eho, amabo, obsecro), an abiit? er ging doch nicht gar? Plaut.: an scis? verstehst denn du es? Plaut.: an censes, nihil inter nos convenire? Cic.: anne exlex solus vives? Varr. fr. – c) wenn man zur Widerlegung fremder oder Begründung eigener Ansicht einen anerkannt wahren allgemeinen Satz fragend hinstellt, od. auch einen bestrittenen Fall durch einen ähnlichen unbestreitbaren ( argumentum a minore ad maius) erweisen will (nicht selten verstärkt durch vero, s. Wunder Cic. Planc. 17, 41), oder aber, oder (vgl. die Auslgg. zu Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 3), quae tandem id ars non habet? earum dico artium, quae coniecturā continentur et sunt opinabiles. An medicina ars non putanda est? Cic.: an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo pecuniam ducere? nostrates philosophi facere non potuerunt? Cic.: quid enim refert utrum propter oves an propter aves fructus capias? Anne dulcior est fructus ex bubulo pecore... quam ex apibus? Varr. – d) übh. wenn man die entgegengesetzte Meinung abweisen od. die eigene als unbestreitbar darstellen will, wo wir gern die Frage mit aber... denn eröffnen, istoc es melior. An quid est olim homini salute melius? Plaut.: an potest quis dubitare, quin etc.? oder aber kann jemand zweifeln, daß usw.? Cic.: o pater, anne aliquas ad caelum hinc ire putandumst sublimis animas iterumque ad tarda reverti corpora? Verg. – e) oft nach einer andern Frage, der man etwas als seine Vermutung entgegenstellt, oder, oder etwa, quid dixisti pessuma? an mentita es? Ter.: sed quid Curio? an illam orationem non legit? Cic.: quomodo...? an... anne... an...? Cic. Balb. 54. – dah. auch f) im bejahenden Sinne, den man im eigenen Namen u. ohne Rücksicht auf fremde Meinung durch nonne andeuten würde, oder... nicht? denn nicht? nicht etwa? bes. im Ggstz. zu einer vorangegangenen Frage, an, qui perperam insanire me aiunt, ipsi insaniunt? Plaut.: quidnam beneficio provocati facere debemus? an imitari fertiles agros etc., Cic.
Endlich 3) nachaug. (um übh. bl. Ungewißheit auszudrücken) auch in einfacher indirekter Frage = num, ob, ut exspectaret, an ibi iam Pompeius esset, Liv. epit.: in obscuro est, an didiceris, Plin. ep.: tria sine dubio spectanda sunt: an sit, quid sit, quale sit, Quint.: consuluit, an etc., Curt.
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59 cado
cado, cecidī, cāsūrus, ere (altind. çad-, Perf. çaçáda, Fut. çatsyanti, »abfallen, ausfallen«), fallen, sinken, zuw. auch sich senken, I) im allg.: A) eig.: a) v. lebl. Subjj., absol.: quare calix, si cecidit, frangitur; spongia, si cecidit, non frangitur, Sen.: bis patriae cecidere manus, Verg.: articulus ad numerum cadens, der nach dem Takte sich senkende Finger, Cic. – a mento cadit manus, Ov.: arma alci cadunt de manibus, Cic. (u. arma de manibus alcis delapsa cadunt, Cic.): cadere ex muro, Liv.: ex arbore, Plin.: e celsiore scopulo, von einer steilen Höhe herabstürzen (bildl.), Amm.: de tertio cenaculo deorsum, ulg.: tum arbores in te cadent, Plaut.: caelo u. de caelo (v. Meteorsteinen), Liv.: sinu, Ov. – in terram, Cic., od. ad terram, Quint.: in sinum, Ov.: in alqm, Plaut.: supra caput alcis, Lucr. – in Euboico litore saxea pila cadit, Verg. – deorsum, Plaut.: gravatim, Lucr. So nun bes.: α) v. Geschossen, fallen, cadunt tela retusa, Ov.: in hostem, Curt.: in humum, Curt. – frustra, Sen.: ut tela in vanum cadant, Sen.: levius, auffallen, Caes. – so auch v. Blitzen, cadentia (einschlagende) fulmina, Curt.: quaecumque cadent, in te fulmina missa putes, Ov.: caelo cadunt fulmina, Petr.: fulmina paucorum periculo cadunt, omnium metu, Sen. – β) v. Würfel u. Wurf, fallen, ut (talus) cadat rectus, Cic. Tusc. 3, 54: u. (im Bilde) iudice fortunā cadat alea, Petr. poët. 122. v. 174; vgl. auch Ter. adelph. 741. – u. v. Lose, im Bilde, Liv. 2, 12, 16. – γ) v. Segeln, eingezogen werden, vela cadunt, Verg. Aen. 3, 207. Ov. fast. 3, 585. Gloss. IV, 468, 28. u. (bildl. = der Zorn legt sich) Ov. art. am. 1, 373. – δ) v. Gewändern, pallium interdum cadit, ut candidos nudet umeros, Hieron. ep. 117, 7 extr. – ε) v. Flüssigkeiten (v. Regen, Schnee, Tau, Wassertropfen, Wellen, Gewässern, Tränen usw.), fallen, sich ergießen, cadere imbres, Lucr.: imbres cadentes, Mela: nix cadens, Lucr.: cadentes assidue nives, Mela: ad cenam non ibo, si nives cadent, Sen. (vgl. nix): guttae cadentes, Cic.: ros cadit, Plaut., rores cadunt, Plin.: lacrimae tam iuste cadentes, Sen.: ha lacrimae per elisionem cadunt nolentibus nobis, Sen.: sine fine cadentes aquae (Regengüsse), Sen.: haemorrhoides cadere cogit, Scribon.: e capillis ros cadit, Ov.: cadunt toto de corpore guttae, Ov.: u. (im Bilde) Graeco fonte cadent (verba), Hor.: ut (Athos) aestimetur altior, quam unde imbres cadunt, Solin. – in ora, per genas (von Tränen), Ov.: in petram (v. einer Quelle), Curt.: in sinum maris (v. einem Flusse), Liv.: u. so in mare (v. einem Sumpfe), Curt.: in Maeandrum (v. einem Flusse), Liv.: ex India in Hyrcaniam (v. Meere), Curt. – silanus iuxta cadens (plätschernder), Cels. – ζ) v. Schatten, fallen, altis de montibus, Verg.: umbra modo brevior modo longior hāc vel illā cadit, Sen.: arboris antiquae quā levis umbra cadit, Tibull.: in ea India umbrae in meridiem cadunt, Plin.: ne umbrae in corpora cadant (auf einem Gemälde), Quint.: longius cadentes umbrae, die sich verlängernden (der Menschen), Flor. – η) v. dem, was auf natürlichem Wege von selbst od. künstlich sich trennt, sich loslöst u. abfällt, fallen, ab-, ausfallen, ausgehen, priora (medicamenta) fasciā deliganda sunt, ne per somnum cadant, Cels. – an od. von Bäumen od. Pflanzen, folia nunc cadunt, Plaut.: arbori od. ex arbore folia cadunt, Plin.: u. casuri flosculi, Quint.: motis poma cadunt ramis, Ov.: u. folia de arboribus cadunt, Mythogr. Lat. – am od. vom tier. Körper, donec crustae cadant, Cels.: vitiosi ungues cadunt, Cels.: cadunt capilli, Petr.: cadit pilus quadrupedibus, Plin.: a fronte (am Vorderhaupt) cadunt pili, Vulg.: tondenti barba cadit, Verg.: cadit dens, Cels.: dentes cadunt, Plaut. u. Plin.: cadunt alci dentes, Sen. – θ) v. der Sonne u.a. Gestirnen, v. Tage, v. Jahreszeiten, sinken, sich neigen, untergehen (Ggstz. oriri), in densam umbram, Curt., od. in mare, Flor. (v. der Sonne): in Oceanum (v. Gestirnen), Prop.: Delia (Mond) exoriens simul atque cadens, Manil. – infra caelum et sidera nox cadit, die Nacht erhebt sich nicht bis zum Himmel u. bis zu den Sternen, Tac.: quā (wo) tristis Orion cadit, Hor. – hiems cecidit (ist dahin), referent illam sui menses, Sen. ep. 36, 11. – dah. sol cadens, poet. = Abend, Westen, iuxta solem cadentem, Verg. Aen. 4, 480: soli subiecta cadenti arva, Avien. descr. orb. 273. – ι) v. Winden, Stürmen, Orkanen, sich legen (Ggstz. surgere; vgl. Drak. Liv. 26, 39, 8 u. 29, 27, 10), ventus premente nebulā cecidit, Liv.: ubi primum aquilones (ii namque per aliquot dies tenuerunt) cecidere, Liv.: cadente iam euro, Liv.: sic cunctus cecidit pelagi fragor, Verg. – κ) v. Worten usw., dem Munde entfallen, sic iterat voces et verba cadentia tollit, Hor.: haec aliis male dicta cadant, Tibull.: neu tibi pro vano verba benigna cadant, Prop.: haud irritae cecidere minae, Liv. – λ) (als gramm. u. rhet. t. t.) v. Wort- u. Tonfall, abfallen, verlaufen, enden, quod verba melius in syllabas longiores cadunt, Cic.: quā (litterā m) nullum Graecum verbum cadit, Quint.: quae cadunt similiter, gleiche Abfälle (ὁμοιόπτωτα; dagegen quae similiter desinunt, gleiche Ausgänge [wie unsere Reime], ὁμοιοτέλευτα), Cic. de or. 3, 206: similiter cadens (Gleichheit des Falles) exornatio appellatur, cum etc., Cornif. rhet. 4, 28: ultima syllaba in gravem cadit, Quint. – cadere numerose, aptissime, Cic.: numerus opportune cadens, Quint.
b) v. leb. Wesen, α) übh.: ubi circumvortor (mich im Tanze herumdrehe), cado, Plaut.: et labaris oportet et arietes et cadas, Sen.: cecidit coxamque fregit, Plin. ep.: sanis pedibus suis cecidit, pedem fregit, Augustin.: fratrem suum pugno ictum a Kaesone cecidisse, Liv.: si prolapsus cecidisset, Liv.: cadere solere u. saepius cadere (v. Fallsüchtigen), Cels. u. Plin. Val.: u. (im Bilde) magnus orator minime in lubrico versabitur, et si semel constiterit, numquam cadet, Cic.: u. (im Bilde), securus cadat an recto stet fabula talo, Hor. – ab alto (v. Vögeln), Plin.: de equo, Plaut. u. Cic.: de sella, Augustin. – alci ad pedes, Eutr.: in terram, in die Erde sinken (v. Körper), Cic.: alte in terram, Varr. fr.: in pedes alcis, Sen. rhet.: in patrios pedes, Ov.: in vulnus, Liv.: in vultus, Ov.: in transtra, sich ganz auf die Ruderbänke niederbeugen (= mit voller Kraft rudern), Lucan.: alci ad pedes, Eutr. 4, 7. Augustin. serm. 143, 4: alcis ad pedes, Vulg. Luc. 8, 41 u. Ioann. 11, 32: super collum alcis (jmdm. um den Hals), Vulg. Luc. 15, 20. – praecipitem, Verg.: pronum, Ov.: supinum, Suet.: honestius, Suet. – β) vom Weibe = sich einem Manne hingeben (Ggstz. demitti), Plaut. Pers. 656. Tibull. 4, 10, 2. Sen. contr. 1, 3, 7. – γ) v. Neugeborenen, de matre cadens, Stat. Theb. 1, 60: matre cadens, Val. Flacc. 1, 355. – u. v. der Sitte, Neugeborene vor die Füße des Vaters zu legen, tellure cadens, Stat. silv. 1, 2, 209 u. 5, 5, 69.
B) übtr.: a) wohin fallen = kommen, geraten, α) übh.: abrupte in narrationem, in die E. wie mit der Tür ins Haus fallen (v. Redner), Quint. 4, 1, 79. – β) in od. auf eine Zeit fallen, in ihr eintreten, in id saeculum Romuli cecidit aetas, Cic.: considera, ne in alienissimum tempus cadat adventus tuus, Cic. – bes. v. Zahlungen, fällig werden, einkommen, in eam diem cadere nummos, qui a Quinto debentur, Cic.: sed ei ex praediis, ut cadet, ita solvetur, Cic. – γ) in die Sinne od. geistige Anschauung fallen, kommen, ihr anheimfallen, unterworfen werden, sub sensum aliquem, Cic.: sub sensum cernendi, Cic.: sub oculos, sub aspectum, in conspectum, Cic.: sub aspectum et tactum, Cic.: sub aurium mensuram aliquam, Cic.: sub iudicium sapientis et delectum, Cic.: sub intellegentiam, Cic.: in deliberationem, in nostram intellegentiam, Cic.: ne in cogitationem quidem, nicht einmal gedacht werden können, Cic. – δ) in eine gewisse Klasse usw. fallen, ihr zufallen, anheimfallen, zu ihr gehören, in idem genus orationis, Cic.: u. sub eandem rationem, Cic.: in unam quaestionem (v. mehreren), Quint.: sub nullam regulam cadere posse, unter keine Regel gebracht werden können, Sen.: ultra medicinae professionem, Scrib. – ε) in einen Zustand, in ein Verhältnis fallen, verfallen, geraten, ihm anheimfallen, von Pers., in morbum, Cic.: in unius potestatem, Cic.: sub populi Romani imperium ditionemque, Cic.: in offensionem alcis, Cic.: in suspicionem alcis, Nep.: u. in aliquam vituperationem, Cic.: in peccatum, der S. verfallen, Augustin. in psalm. 65, 13. – ζ) an jmd. fallen, jmdm. zufallen, anheimfallen = zuteil werden, m. Ang. an wen? durch ad m. Akk., regnum praeceps ad servitia (die Sklaven) cadit, Liv.: ad regna alcis, Lucr. – u. durch Dat., quibus ad portas cecidit custodia sorti (Abl.), Verg. – η) auf jmd. fallen, d.i. jmd. treffen, auf jmd. od. etw. Anwendung finden, auf od. für jmd. od. etw. passen, jmdm. beigelegt-, zugemutet werden können, mit etw. stimmen, non cadit in hos mores, non in hunc hominem ista suspicio, Cic.: hoc verbum, hoc nomen cadit in alqm, Cic.: non cadit in te superbia, Curt.: cadit ergo in bonum virum mentiri emolumenti sui causā, criminari etc.? Cic.: cadit igitur in eundem et misereri et invidere, Cic.: in consuetudinem nostram non caderet, es würde mit unserem Sprachgebrauche nicht übereinstimmen, Cic.
b) seinem Verlaufe od. Erfolge nach fallen = eintreten, sich ereignen, sich zutragen, so u. so ausfallen, ablaufen, von Ereignissen, Versprechen u. dgl., quae tum maxime acciderant, casura praemonens, Liv.: si quid adversi casurum foret, Liv.: quid, si hostem habuissemus, casurum fuisset, Liv.: vota cadunt, treten ein, d.i. gehen in Erfüllung, Tibull. 2, 2, 17 (versch. von omnia ingrato litore vota cadunt, im Bilde = bleiben unerfüllt, Prop. 1, 17, 4). – c. fortuito, Cic.: c. feliciter, Sen. rhet.: c. male, Caes.: hoc adhuc percommode cadit, quod (daß usw.), Cic.: quod melius caderet nihil vidi, Cic.: res cecidit praeter opinionem, Nep., od. aliter ac putaram, Cic.: cecidit ut volumus et optamus (ganz erwünscht), Cic.: commodius cadere non potuit, Cic.: durius et contra praedicta cadentibus rebus, Suet. – si non omnia caderent secunda, Caes.: ut irrita promissa eius caderent, Liv. – res quocunque cadent etc., Verg.: leviter curare videtur, quo promissa cadant, Hor.: etsi verebar, quorsum id casurum esset, Cic.: aliorsum vota ceciderunt, Flor. – ni misericordia in perniciem casura esset, Cic.: cadere ad od. in irritum, fehlschlagen, vereitelt werden, fruchtlos bleiben (v. Hoffnung usw.), Liv. u. Tac.: so auch in cassum, Plaut. u. Lucr., u. frustra, Tac. – m. Ang. wem? etw. eintritt, sich ereignet, begegnet, durch Dat., ut nihil ipsis iure incommodi cadere possit, Cic.: insperanti mihi cecidit, ut etc., Cic.: hoc cecidit mihi peropportune, quod etc., Cic.: nihil mihi optatius cadere potest, quam ut etc., Cic.: qua in re mihi videtur illud perquam venuste (ganz allerliebst) cecidisse, ut (daß) etc., Cael. in Cic. ep.: sed certe a te mihi omnia semper honesta et iucunda ceciderunt, Cic. – nimia illa libertas et populis et privatis in nimiam servitutem cadit, schlägt um in usw. (wie μεταβάλλει), Cic. de rep. 1, 68.
c) gleichs. zu Boden fallen, sinken, α) v. Pers., αα) durch Verlust der Macht, des Ansehens, des Kredits im Staats- u. Privatleben, turpius est enim privatim cadere quam publice, Cic.: tam graviter c., Cic.: eminentis vitae exitus est cadere, Sen. – ββ) durch Verlust des Prozesses, fallen = den Prozeß verlieren, verurteilt werden, absol., Tac. hist. 4, 6: in iudicio, Cic.: causā, Cic. u. ICt., od. formulā, Sen. u. Quint., infolge eines Formfehlers den Prozeß verlieren (s. Piderit Cic. de or. 1, 166. Halm Cic. Mur. 9): coniurationis crimine, Tac.: ore impudico (accusatoris), Tac. – γγ) durch Verlust des moralischen Haltes, Mutes, frangi repente et ita cadere, ut nulla res te ad aequitatem animi possit postea extollere, Cic.: non debemus ita cadere animis (den Mut verlieren), quasi etc., Cic. ep. 6, 1, 4. – β) v. Lebl., αα) durch Abnahme der extensiven od. intensiven Stärke, sinken, schwinden, cadunt vires, Lucr.: cadit vis venti, Liv. – cadit alci ira, Liv., u. (poet.) cadit ira fulminis, Prop.: cadit ira metu, Ov. – ββ) durch Abnahme des moral. Haltes, sinken, entsinken, nec debilitari animos aut cadere patitur (amicitia), Cic.: castris amissis od. alienis cladibus ceciderant animi, Liv. (s. Drak. Liv. 1, 11, 3): cecidere illis animique manusque, Ov. – γγ) durch Abnahme od. Verlust der Geltung, Macht, fallen, sinken, an Geltung-, an Bedeutung-, an Ansehen verlieren, pretia militiae casura in pace, Liv.: tua laus pariter cum re publica cecidit, Cic.: tanta civitas si cadet, Cic.: auctoritas principum cecidit, Cic.: multa renascentur, quae cecidere, cadentque quae nunc sunt in honore vocabula, Hor.: si magnus vir cecidit, magnus iacuit, Sen. – huc cecidisse Germani exercitus gloriam, ut etc., so weit (so tief) sei der R. des germ. H. gesunken, daß usw., Tac. – Unpers., periculum est, ne cadatur, Augustin. de dono persev. 1.
II) prägn., fallen = hinsinken, zusammensinken, a) v. lebl. Subjj.: α) fallen = einfallen, einsinken, zusammenfallen, -sinken, verfallen, versinken, cadunt toti montes, Lucr.: at mundus aliquando est casurus? Ps. Quint. decl. – v. menschl. Gliedmaßen, cadunt alci oculi, fallen zu, Cic.: cadentes in ipso opere oculi, Sen.: cadentes iam oculos ad meum nomen erexit, Sen. rhet.: venas cadentes vino fulcire od. reficere, Sen. – β) fallen = erobert u. zerstört werden, von Städten, non tota cadet Troia, Ov.: cadere Argolico sub milite Troiam, Ov.
b) v. leb. Wesen, fallen, sinken = tot hinsinken, α) von Menschen, teils gewaltsam, sowohl durch fremde Hand, im Kampfe, Kriege, od. durch Gift, durch das Henkerschwert usw., hinterlistig usw., pauci de nostris cadunt, Caes.: pauci utrimque cecidere, Liv.: ante signa circaque omnes ceciderant, Liv.: adversum femur tragulā graviter ictus cecidit, Liv.: confossi ceciderunt, Liv. – cadere in acie, Cic., in proelio, in eo bello, Nep.: acie civili, Ov.: pugnā Cannensi, Liv.: inter signa Samnitium, Liv.: in Hispania, Liv. – in pio officio, Ov. – telis, Tac.: iaculo eminus, Ov.: u. Marte suo per mutua vulnera, Ov.: u. per alqm iustā morte, Hor.: per acies aut proscriptione, Tac.: fraude muliebri, Tac.: poenali gladio (unter dem Henkerschwert), Amm. 27, 12, 3. – pro patria, Quint.: pro optimatibus, Tac. – neque illius interest, quemadmodum aut ubi cadam, Iustin.: in pugna acceptis a forti adversario vulneribus honeste cadere, Cic.: super LX milia non armis telisque Romanorum, sed... oblectationi oculisque ceciderunt, Tac.: cadere cum dignitate, Cic.: iure belli, Tac. – m. Ang. von wem? durch ab m. Abl. (s. Burm. Ov. met. 5, 192. Nipp. Tac. ann. 16, 9. Ruhnk. Suet. Oth. 5, 1): a tanto viro, Ov.: a centurione advorsis vulneribus tamquam in pugna, Tac.: nihil referre an ab hoste in acie an in foro sub creditoribus caderet, Suet.: poet. durch bl. Abl., Thessalo victore, Hor. – m. Ang. wem zuliebe? durch Dat., illud rogo, legi potius quam scorto cadat (hingerichtet werde), Sen. contr. 9 (4), 25. § 8. – als durch eigene Hand, suā manu, Tac.: exitu voluntario, Tac. – teils durch Schicksals Hand, in den Tod-, ins Grab sinken, vivam, si vivet; si cadet illa, cadam, Prop. – cadere ferrove fatove, Ov. – β) v. Opfertieren, fallen = als Opfer geschlachtet werden, geopfert werden, si tener pleno cadit haedus anno, Hor.: hostia cadit ante aras, Verg.: quae prima hostia ante foculum cecidit, Val. Max. – m. Ang. wem? durch Dat., agna cadet vobis, Tibull.: ovis cadit deo, Ov.: u. (im Bilde) nostrae cadens ferus Hannibal irae, Corn. Sever. (poët.) bei Sen. suas. 6, 26. – / Abl. Partiz. Präs. cadenti, Lucr. 3, 466: Genet. Plur. cadentum, Verg. Aen. 10, 674 u. 12, 410. Sil. 4, 424.
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60 cauponor
caupōnor, ātus sum, ārī (caupo), mit etw. schachern, Schacher treiben, bellum, um den Kr. kleinlich feilschen (= gegen Gold zu erkaufen suchen), Enn. ann. 201: verbum dei, Vulg. 2. Corinth. 2, 17: verbum veritatis, Cassiod. hist. eccl. 4, 24.
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