a+stop

con-sto, stĭti, stātum (constātūrus, Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 3; Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 30; Luc. 2, 17; Mart. 10, 41, 5; Lact. Opif. Dei, 7, 11), 1, v. n.

To stand together, stand with some person or thing.

Lit. (very rare):

constant, conserunt sermones inter se drapetae,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 11.—

Trop., to stand with, to agree with, be in accord or agreement, to correspond, fit.

With cum and abl. (cf. consisto, II. B. 3.):

considerabit, constetne oratio aut cum re aut ipsa secum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 45:

sententiā non constare cum superioribus et inferioribus sententiis, etc.,

Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14.—

Absol.:

veri similis narratio erit, si spatia temporum, personarum dignitates, consiliorum rationes, locorum opportunitates constabunt,

Auct. Her. 1, 9, 16.—

With dat.:

si humanitati tuae constare voles,

Cic. Att. 1, 11, 1.—And esp. with sibi, to agree, accord with itself, to remain like one's self, be consistent:

in Oppianico sibi constare et superioribus consentire judiciis debuerunt,

Cic. Clu. 22, 60; so,

with consentire,

id. Univ. 3 init.; id. Fin. 2, 11, 35:

ut constare in vitae perpetuitate possimus nobismetipsis nec in ullo officio claudicare,

id. Off. 1, 33, 119; so,

sibi (opp. titubare),

Quint. 5, 7, 11:

sibi et rei judicatae,

Cic. Clu. 38, 106:

sibi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 16; id. A. P. 127; cf.:

constat idem omnibus sermo,

Liv. 9, 2, 3.—

In the phrase ratio constat, mercantile t. t., the account agrees or is correct, is or proves right:

auri ratio constat: aurum in aerario est,

Cic. Fl. 28, 69:

quibus ratio impensarum constaret,

was correct, accurately kept, Suet. Ner. 30.—

In postAug. prose, esp. in the younger Pliny, transf. from the sphere of business:

mirum est, quam singulis diebus in urbe ratio aut constet aut constare videatur,

Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 1; cf. id. ib. 1, 5, 16; 3, 18, 10; 2, 4, 4; 7, 6, 4; id. Pan. 38, 4; Just. praef. § 5: eam condicionem esse imperandi, ut non aliter ratio [p. 439] constet, quam si uni reddatur, Tac. A. 1, 6 fin. —

With the access. idea of firmness, to stand firm, to remain immovable, unchanging, steadfast, to abide, last, endure, persevere, etc. (very freq. in all perr. and styles).

In gen.:

prius quam totis viribus fulta constaret hostium acies,

Liv. 3, 60, 9; cf.:

nec pugna deinde illis constare,

id. 1, 30, 10:

ut non color, non vultus ei constaret,

id. 39, 34, 7; cf.:

valetudo ei neque corporis neque animi constitit,

Suet. Calig. 50; and:

dum sanitas constabit,

Phaedr. 4, 24, 30:

non mentibus solum consipere, sed ne auribus quidem atque oculis satis constare poterant,

Liv. 5, 42, 3; cf.:

in ebrietate lingua non constat,

Sen. Ep. 83, 27:

mente vix constare,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39; cf. Liv. 8, 19, 6; 44, 20, 7:

quā in sententia si constare voluissent,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 36 fin.:

numerus legionum constat,

id. ib. 7, 35:

ceteris exercitibus constare fidem,

Tac. H. 2, 96:

utrimque fides constitit,

kept their word, Liv. 37, 32, 13; 2, 13, 9.— Poet.: cum sint huc forsitan illa, Haec translata illuc;

summā tamen omnia constant,

i. e. the principal sum remains always the same, Ov. M. 15, 258:

postquam cuncta videt caelo constare sereno,

every thing continues in unbroken serenity, Verg. A. 3, 518:

constitit in nullā qui fuit ante color,

Ov. A. A. 1, 120.—

In partic.

Milit. t. t., to stop, halt: multitudinem procul hostium constare videtur, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 273, 4.—

Of facts, reports, etc., to be established, settled, certain, manifest, evident, well known:

quae cum constent, perspicuum debet esse, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

eorum quae constant exempla ponemus, horum quae dubia sunt, exempla adferemus, id. mv 1, 38, 68: quod nihil nobis constat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 5:

cum et factum constet et nomen, qualia sint vocatur in dubium,

Cic. Part. Or. 12, 42; cf.:

cum factum constat, sed a quo sit factum in controversiam venit,

Quint. 7, 2, 8; and impers., with acc. and inf.:

mihi multa agitanti constabat, paucorum civium egregiam virtutem cuncta patravisse,

Sall. C. 53, 4; cf.:

quod omnibus constabat, hiemari in Gallia oportere,

Caes. B. G. 4, 29 fin., and Cic. Clu. 13, 38.—

Constat (constabat, constabit, etc., it is settled, established, undisputed, certain, well known, etc.), Cic. Mil. 6, 14; id. Quint. 29, 89; Caes. B. G. 3, 6; 3, 9 al.; Ov. M. 7, 533; Quint. 4, 2, 90 et saep.—So freq.: constat inter omnes, with acc. and inf., all agree, all are convinced:

sed tum nimis inter omnis constabat neminem esse resalutatum,

Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

quae propositio in se quiddam continet perspicuum et quod constare inter omnis necesse est, hanc velle approbare et firmare nihil attinet,

in which all must agree, id. Inv. 1, 36, 62 dub. (B. and K. stare); Caes. B. G. 7, 44; Nep. Alcib. 1, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 8 et saep.; cf.

also: constare inter homines sapientissimos (for which, just after: omnium consensu sic esse judicatum),

Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 3:

inter suos,

Caes. B. G. 7, 47:

inter augures, Liv 10, 6, 7 et saep.: cum de Magio constet,

Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3; cf.:

de facto constat,

Quint. 7, 2, 7; so with de, id. 7, 2, 11; 4, 2, 5:

etsi non satis mihi constiterat, cum aliquāne animi mei molestiā an potius, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 1:

nec satis certum constare apud animum poterat, utrum, etc.,

Liv. 30, 28, 1:

quid cuique sit opus constare decet,

Quint. 3, 9, 8; so id. 3, 8, 25:

quid porro quaerendum est? Factumne sit? At constat. A quo? At patet,

Cic. Mil. 6, 15; so absol., id. Verr. 2, 3, 21, § 54.—

Of a resolve.

Impers.: mihi (ei) constat, = certum est, it is my ( his) fixed determination, I am determined, I am fully resolved (rare): mihi quidem constat, nec meam contumeliam, nec meorum ferre, Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 19, 42:

neque satis Bruto neque tribunis militum constabat, quid agerent,

were undecided, Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

ut nihil ei constet quod agat,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 35.—

With the resolve as subject:

animo constat sententia,

Verg. A. 5, 748:

cum constitit consilium,

when my mind was fully made up, Cic. Att. 8, 11, 1.—

In gen., as opp. to that which has no existence, to exist, be, abide (esp. in Lucr.):

(corpora) quoniam fragili naturā praedita constant,

Lucr. 1, 582; 1, 246; 1, 510 et saep.:

antiquissimi fere sunt, quorum quidem scripta constent,

Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 93; id. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187: qui sine manibus et pedibus constare deum posse decreverunt, id. N. D. 1, 33, 92:

si ipsa mens constare potest vacans corpore,

id. ib. 1, 10, 25.—

With ex, in, de, or the abl. (in Cic. only with ex; cf. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 4, 8, 19), to consist in or of, to be composed of, to rest upon something, etc.

With ex (very freq. in prose and poetry):

fulminis ignem e parvis constare figuris,

Lucr. 2, 385:

homo ex animo constat et corpore,

Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 98;

id. Fin. l. l.: simplex (jus) e dulci constat olivo,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 64:

ea virtus, quae constat ex hominibus tuendis,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 157 et saep.—

With in and abl. (very rare):

victoriam in earum cohortium virtute constare,

Caes. B. C. 3, 89 fin.; Nep. Att. 14 fin. —

With de:

partus duplici de semine,

Lucr. 4, 1229.—

With abl. (freq. in Lucr. and Quint.):

aeterno quia constant semine quaeque,

Lucr. 1, 221; 1, 484; 1, 518 et saep.:

agri campis, vineis, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 5:

constat tota oratio longioribus membris, brevioribus periodis,

Quint. 9, 4, 134; 5, 10, 63 et saep.:

causa constat aut unius rei controversiā aut plurium,

id. 3, 10, 1. omnis disciplina memoriā, id. 11, 2, 1. omne jus aut scripto aut moribus, id. 12, 3, 6 et saep.—

Mercantile t. t., like our phrase, to stand at, i. e. to cost; constr. with abl.. gen., etc., of price (cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 444).

Lit.

With abl.:

ut unae quadrigae Romae constiterint quadringentis milibus,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 14; Suet. Vit. 19:

filius auro,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 57:

navis gratis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48 (al. stare):

HS. sex milibus tibi constant,

id. ib. 2, 4, 12, §

28: tanto nobis deliciae,

Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 84:

magno tibi,

Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 4:

parvo,

Pall. Febr. 9, 12; cf.

gratis,

Sen. Ep. 104, 34; Aug. Serm. 385, 6.—

With gen.:

(ambulatiuncula) prope dimidio minoris constabit isto loco,

Cic. Att. 13, 29, 2; Suet. Ner. 27 fin.:

quanti funus,

id. Vesp. 19; Juv. 7, 45.—

With adv.: quod mihi constat carius, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 272, 25; so,

vilissime,

Col. 9, 1. 6.—

With sup.:

cujus area super HS. millies constitit,

Suet. Caes. 26.—

Trop.:

edocet, quanto detrimento et quot virorum fortium morte necesse sit constare victoriam,

Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

odia constantia magno,

Ov. H. 7, 47:

imperia pretio quolibet constant bene,

Sen. Phoen. 664.—Hence, constans, antis, P. a. (acc. to II. 1.), standing firm, firm, unchangeable, constant, immovable, uniform, fixed, stable, invariable (freq. and class.).

Lit.:

mellis constantior est natura (sc. quam aquae),

Lucr. 3, 192:

constans uva contra tenorem unum algoris aestusve,

Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 27:

cujus in indomito constantior inguine nervus, Quam nova arbor, etc.,

Hor. Epod. 12, 19:

cursus certi et constantes,

Cic. N. D. 3, 9, 24; cf.:

constans reversio stellarum (with conveniens),

id. ib. 2, 21, 54:

constantissimus motus lunae,

id. Div. 2, 6, 17:

nihil (mundo) motu constantius,

id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; 2, 21, 54:

constanti vultu graduque,

Liv. 5, 46, 3: aetas, the mature age (of an adult), Cic. Sen. 10, 33; cf.:

constans aetas, quae media dicitur,

id. ib. 20, 76:

aetate nondum constanti,

Suet. Galb. 4:

pax,

firm, secure, Liv. 6, 25, 6:

fides,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 4:

an ire comminus et certare pro Italiā constantius foret,

safer, Tac. H. 3, 1. —

Agreeing or accordant with itself, consistent, harmonious:

quemadmodum in oratione constanti, sic in vitā omnia sint apta inter se et convenientia,

Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144:

nihil intellego dici potuisse constantius,

id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25; cf.:

incredibilia an inter se constantia,

Quint. 5, 4, 2:

rumores,

Cic. Fam. 12, 9, 1:

constans parum memoria hujus anni,

Liv. 10, 37, 13:

constans fama erat,

Suet. Caes. 6; so,

opinio,

id. Tib. 39; id. Vesp. 4 al.—

Trop., intellectually or morally certain, sure, steadfast, constant, faithful, steady, unchanging:

firmi et stabiles et constantes amici,

Cic. Lael. 17, 62; cf. Nep. Lys. 2, 2:

quem hominem? Levem? imo gravissimum. Mobilem? imo constantissimum,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 49; cf. opp. varium, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 48 Spald.:

pater amens at is quidem fuit omnium constantissimus,

a very constant, steadfast man, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 41; cf.:

prudens et constans (testis),

Quint. 5, 7, 26; and under adv.:

(Helvidius Priscus) recti pervicax, constans adversus metus,

Tac. H. 4, 5 fin.:

constans Fortuna tantum in levitate suā,

Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 18; cf.: neque fidei constans, neque strenuus in perfidiā, Tac. H. 3, 57:

constantior In vitiis, etc.,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 18.— Adv.: constanter.

(Acc. to A.) Firmly, immovably, steadily, constantly:

manere in suo statu,

Cic. Univ. 13: constanter ac perpetuo placet consilium, Brut. ap. Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 9:

vitiis gaudere constanter,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 6.— Comp.:

ut maneamus in perspicuis firmius et constantius,

Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 45.— Sup.:

impetus caeli constantissime conficiens vicissitudinis anniversarias,

Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 97.—

Harmoniously, evenly, uniformly, consistently:

constanter et aequaliter ingrediens oratio,

Cic. Or. 58, 198:

sibi constanter convenienterque dicere,

id. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; cf. id. ib. 5, 9, 24; in comp., id. ib. 5, 9, 25; in sup., id. ib. 5, 8, 23; id. Ac. 2, 3, 9; so,

hi constanter omnes nuntiaverunt,

with one voice, unanimously, Caes. B. G. 2, 2:

aequabilius atque constantius sese res humanae haberent,

Sall. C. 2, 3:

aequabilius atque constantius regere provincias,

Tac. A. 15, 21 fin. —

(Acc. to B.) Steadily, calmly, tranquilly, sedately:

constanter ac non trepide pugnare,

Caes. B. G. 3, 25; cf.

agere, Auct. B. Afr. 84: proelium inire,

Suet. Vesp. 4; id. Tib. 19:

constanter et sedate ferre dolorem,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 20, 46:

constanter et libere se gerere,

id. Att. 4, 16, 9:

constanter prudenterque fit,

id. Tusc. 4, 6, 12:

constanter delata beneficia (with judicio, considerate, and opp. repentino quodam impetu),

id. Off. 1, 15, 49.— Comp.:

cetera exsequi,

Suet. Aug. 10:

acrius quam constantius proelium inire,

Curt. 4, 6, 14.— Sup.:

amicitias retinere,

Suet. Aug. 66; id. Tib. 45 al.

con-sŭo, sŭi, sūtum, 3, v. a.

To sew, stitch, or join together (very rare; mostly ante- and post-class.).

Prop.:

tunicam,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 79 Müll.:

lumbulos,

Apic. 7, 8; 7, 2; 8, 7.—

Trop.: consuere dolos, to devise, plan, plot:

consutis dolis,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 211; id. Ps. 1, 5, 126:

os,

i. e. to forbid to speak, Sen. Ep. 47, 4.—

In gen.: consuere aliquid aliquā re, to stuff, stop up, fill with something:

pinacothecas veteribus tabulis,

Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 4. —Hence, * consūtum, i, n., a garment stitched together, Gai Inst. 3, § 192.

contĭcesco ( contĭcisco, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 28; id. Mil. 2, 4, 56; Arn. 5 init.), tĭcŭi, 3, v. inch., to become still, to cease speaking or sounding (class. in prose and poetry).

Lit.:

sed conticiscam: nam audio aperiri foris,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 28; id. Mil. 2, 4, 56:

ad quod ille quidem conticescit, sed sermonem suscipit Polus,

Quint. 2, 15, 28:

ad hos casus,

i. e. in such cases, id. 6, 1, 42:

conscientiā convictus repente conticuit,

Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10: consedit ille;

conticui,

id. Har. Resp. 4, 7:

conticuere omnes,

Verg. A. 2, 1; Ov. M. 6, 293; 10, 430.—

To keep silence, not to speak (very rare):

paulisper alter, alterius conspectu, conticuere,

Liv. 30, 30, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.— Poet. with acc.:

tantum nefas conticuit,

Val. Fl. 3, 302.—

Transf., of things:

numquam de vobis (hominum) gratissimus sermo conticescet,

Cic. Phil. 14, 12, 33:

nec ulla umquam aetas de tuis laudibus conticescet,

id. Marc. 3, 9: conticuit lyra, * Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 43:

tubae,

Mart. 7, 80:

conticuere undae,

Ov. M. 5, 574.—

Trop., to become still or quiet, come to rest, cease, decline, stop, abate (syn. obmutesco):

cum obmutuisset senatus, judicia conticuissent, etc.,

Cic. Pis. 12, 26:

ut tum conticisceret illa lamentatio et gemitus urbis,

id. Red. Sen. 7, 17:

artes nostrae,

id. Mur. 10, 22; cf.:

studium,

id. Brut. 94, 324:

litterae forenses et senatoriae,

id. Off. 2, 1, 3:

actiones tribuniciae,

Liv. 4, 1, 5:

tumultus,

id. 2, 55, 10; 22, 55, 8:

furor,

id. 2, 29, 11.

con-tĭnĕo, tĭnŭi, tentum, 2, v. a. and n. [teneo].

Act., to hold or keep together.

In gen. (rare).

Lit. (syn.:

coërceo, conjungo): contine quaeso caput,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 26:

quod omnem continet amplexu terram,

Lucr. 5, 319; cf.:

mundus omnia conplexu suo coërcet et continet,

Cic. N. D. 2, 22, 58:

vitem levi nodo,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 187:

magni refert primordia saepe cum quibus... contineantur,

Lucr. 1, 818; 1, 908; 2, 761;

2, 1008: pars oppidi, mari dijuncta angusto, ponte adjungitur et continetur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52, § 117.—

Of places, to bound, limit, enclose (very rare in act.):

reliquum spatium mons continet,

Caes. B. G. 1, 38:

Oceanus ponto qua continet orbem,

Tib. 4, 1, 147; but more freq. in pass., to be comprised, enclosed, surrounded, encompassed, environed by:

qui vicus altissimis montibus undique continetur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 1; so,

undique loci naturā Helvetii,

id. ib. 1, 2:

mare montibus angustis,

id. ib. 4, 23:

una pars Galliae Garumnā flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum,

id. ib. 1, 1.—

Trop.:

omnes artes quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur,

hang together, Cic. Arch. 1, 2.—Far more freq. in all periods and species of composition.,

With partic. access. ideas.

With the access. idea of firmness, quiet, permanence, etc., to hold or keep together, to keep, hold fast, preserve, retain (syn. servo).

Lit.:

(alvus) arcet et continet... quod recepit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136:

merces (opp. partiri),

id. Vatin. 5, 12; cf.

exercitum (opp. dividere),

Liv. 28, 2, 16:

arida continent odorem diutius,

Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 39.—

Trop.:

nec ulla res vehementius rem publicam continet quam fides,

Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

Remos reliquosque Belgas in officio,

Caes. B. G. 3, 11:

in officio Dumnorigem,

id. ib. 5, 7:

te in exercitatione,

Cic. Fam. 7, 19 fin.:

te in tuis perenuibus studiis,

id. Brut. 97, 332:

ceteros in armis (plaga),

Liv. 9, 41, 15:

alicujus hospitio,

Nep. Lys. 1, 5.—

With the access. idea of hindering, preventing motion, to keep, keep still, detain, restrain, repress, enclose.

Lit.: milites [p. 449] sub pellibus, Caes. B. G. 3, 29; cf.:

pecudem sub tecto,

Col. 7, 10, 3:

exercitum castris,

Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 2, 11; Liv. 31, 26, 6; 28, 9, 14 al.; cf.:

nostros in castris (tempestates),

Caes. B. G. 4, 34; 6, 36; and:

copias in castris,

id. B. C. 1, 66; 3, 30; Auct. B. Afr. 1; 7; Liv. 36, 17, 9:

Pompeium quam angustissime,

Caes. B. C. 3, 45:

aliquem limine,

Liv. 34, 1, 5:

ora frenis,

Phaedr. 3, 6, 7:

ventos carcere,

Ov. M. 11, 432:

animam in dicendo,

Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261 et saep.:

se ruri,

to stay, remain, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 17; cf.:

se domi,

Suet. Caes. 81:

suo se loco,

Caes. B. G. 4, 34:

oppido sese,

id. ib. 2, 30:

castris se continere,

id. B. C. 3, 37:

se vallo,

id. B. G. 5, 44:

se finibus Romanis,

Liv. 39, 17, 4; 34, 58, 3:

moenibus sese,

id. 42, 7, 4:

agrorum suorum terminis se,

id. 38, 40, 2:

se moenibus,

Ov. M. 13, 208:

sese intra silvas,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18:

suos intra munitionem,

id. ib. 5, 57;

5, 58: milites intra castrorum vallum,

id. B. C. 3, 76; Liv. 31, 34, 9;

Auct. B. Afr. 24: intra castra militem,

Tac. H. 4, 19:

praesidibus provinciarum propagavit imperium, ut a peritis et assuetis socii continerentur,

Suet. Aug. 23 et saep.:

an te auspicium commoratum est? an tempestas continet?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 67.—

Trop., to hold back, detain, repress, hold in check, curb, check, stay, stop, tame, subdue, etc. (syn. cohibeo):

adpetitiones animi,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 22:

omnis cupiditates,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11, § 32:

modeste insolentiam suam,

id. Agr. 1, 6, 18:

risum,

id. Fin. 4, 25, 71 et saep.:

formido mortales omnes,

Lucr. 1, 151:

Etruriam non tam armis quam judiciorum terrore,

Liv. 29, 36, 10:

oppida magis metu quam fide,

id. 30, 20, 5; cf.:

quosdam continet metus,

Quint. 1, 3, 6:

solo metu,

id. 12, 7, 2 et saep.:

animum a consuetā libidine,

Sall. J. 15, 3:

temeritatem ab omni lapsu (with cohibere),

Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 45:

suos a proelio,

Caes. B. G. 1, 15:

manum juventus Metu deorum,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 37 al.:

se ab adsentiendo,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 104; so,

se ab exemplis,

id. Fin. 2, 19, 62:

temperans, qui se in aliquā libidine continuerit,

id. Par. 3, 1, 21:

se male continet amens,

Ov. M. 4, 351:

male me, quin vera faterer, Continui,

id. ib. 7, 729:

nequeo continere quin loquar,

Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 28.—

Mid.: contineri, quin complectar, non queo,

restrain myself, refrain, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 128; cf.:

vix me contineo, quin, etc.,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 20:

jam nequeo contineri,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 60; cf.:

vix contineor,

Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 9:

quae vera audivi, taceo et contineo optime,

keep it to myself, conceal it, id. Eun. 1, 2, 23:

ea quae continet, neque adhuc protulit, explicet nobis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 47, 206:

dicta,

id. ib. 2, 55, 222.—

With the access. idea of containing, to comprise, contain, involve, comprehend something in itself (syn. complector):

(aqua gelum) quod continet in se, mittit,

Lucr. 6, 877; cf.:

ut omnia, quae aluntur et crescunt, contineant in se vim caloris,

Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23; so,

in se,

Quint. 1, 6, 31; 2, 10, 2:

Quattuor aeternus genitalia corpora mundus Continet,

Ov. M. 15, 240:

rem militarem,

Liv. 5, 52, 16:

panis innumeras paene continet medicinas,

Plin. 22, 25, 68, § 138:

(linea) centum continet (pedes),

Quint. 1, 10, 44:

Idus Martiae magnum mendum continent,

Cic. Att. 14, 22, 2:

paucas species (vox),

Quint. 11, 3, 18:

tales res, quales hic liber continet,

Cic. Or. 43, 148; Plin. Ep. 5, 9, 1:

narrationes, quae summam criminis contineant,

Quint. 4, 2, 10:

fabula stultorum regum et populorum continet aestus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

liber primus ea continebit, quae, etc., Quint. prooem. § 21: tertia epistula continebat, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 9, 28, 5.—With subj.-clause:

quando ipsos loqui deceat, quartus liber continet,

Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Esp. freq.,

In pass.: contineri aliquā re, to be contained in something, be composed of, consist of or in, to rest upon, to be supported by, etc.:

terreno corpore,

Lucr. 1, 1085:

non venis et nervis et ossibus continentur (dii),

Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 59:

artem negabat esse ullam, nisi quae cognitis penitusque perspectis... rebus contineretur,

id. de Or. 1, 20, 92:

forma honestatis, quae tota quattuor his virtutibus... continetur,

id. Fin. 2, 15, 48:

versus paucis (pedibus) continetur,

Quint. 9, 4, 60: quae philosophorum libris continentur, id. prooem. § 11; cf. id. 5, 10, 111 et saep.: artes, quae conjecturā continentur et sunt opinabiles, Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24:

foedere,

Liv. 41, 23, 9:

actu,

Quint. 2, 18, 5; 12, 9, 1; 3, 7, 28.—Rarely with in and abl.:

forum, in quo omnis aequitas continetur,

Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2; cf.:

quibus (legibus) in singulis civitatibus res publica continetur,

id. Off. 3, 5, 23.—

Neutr., to hold together in itself, to hang together (in the verb. finit. very rare; but freq. as P. a.; cf. also the deriv. continuus):

per hortum utroque commeatus continet,

Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 43.—Hence,

contĭnens, entis, P. a.

(Acc. to II.) Holding or hanging together (freq. and class.).

Bordering upon, neighboring, contiguous, lying near, adjacent (syn.: junctus, adjunctus, contiguus); constr. with dat., cum, or absol.

Prop.:

aër mari,

Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 117:

continentia atque adjuncta praedia huic fundo,

id. Caecin. 4, 11:

(mare) dissimile est proximo ei continenti,

id. Ac. 2, 33, 105 al.:

Cappadociae pars ea, quae cum Cilicià continens est,

id. Fam. 15, 2, 2:

(Morini) continentes silvas ac paludes habebant,

Caes. B. G. 3, 28; cf. so absol.:

parum locuples continente ripā,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 22; cf.:

pars eorum, qui propiores erant continenti litori,

Liv. 44, 28, 12.— Subst.: contĭnentĭa, ĭum, n. (sc. loca), adjoining places, the neighborhood:

Cherronesum et continentia usque Atho montem,

Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 215 al.:

urbis,

the suburbs, Dig. 50, 16, 147.—

Trop., in time, following, next:

continentibus diebus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 84;

and of other abstract things: motus sensui junctus et continens,

Cic. N. D. 1, 11, 26:

timori perpetuo ipsum malum continens fuit,

followed at its heels, Liv. 5, 39, 8.—

Holding together, cohering in itself, connected, continuous, uninterrupted.

Prop.:

continens agmen migrantium,

Liv. 1, 29, 4:

agmen,

id. 2, 50, 7; 8, 8, 13 al.:

ruinae,

id. 21, 8, 5; terra, the mainland, continent, Varr. ap. Charis. p. 100 P.; Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 274, 6; Nep. Them. 3, 2; and in the same sense far more freq. subst.: contĭnens, entis, f. (rarely masc., Curt. 4, 2, 1 Zumpt, dub.; abl. in e and i equally used;

v. the 4th and 5th books of Caes. B. G.),

Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 4, 28; 4, 31; 4, 36 bis et saep.; Nep. Milt. 7, 3; Liv. 35, 43, 4; Plin. 5, 31, 34, § 128; Suet Aug. 65; id. Tib. 40 et saep.—

Trop., in time, continual, consecutive, uninterrupted:

labor omnium dierum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 63; Liv. 42, 54, 3:

bella,

Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:

imperium usque ad nos,

Liv. 7, 30, 8:

imber per noctem totam,

id. 23, 44, 6:

biduo,

Suet. Calig. 19:

febres sine intermissione,

Cels. 3, 5 fin.:

e continenti genere,

in continuous descent, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 61:

spiritus,

id. de Or. 3, 57, 216 et saep.: ex continenti (sc. tempore), instantly, immediately, = continuo, statim, Just. 1, 9; so,

in continenti,

Dig. 44, 5, 1.—

(Acc. to I. B. 2. b.) That restrains his passions, continent, moderate, temperate, enkratês (rare, but in good prose):

continentior in vitā hominum quam in pecuniā,

Caes. B. C. 1, 23:

cum reges tam sint continentes, multo magis consularis esse oportere,

Cic. Fam. 9, 19, 1:

puer,

id. Att. 6, 6, 3:

Epaminondas,

Nep. Epam. 3, 2 al. — Sup., Cic. Par. 1, 1, 7; Suet. Aug. 71.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) In rhet., subst.: contĭnens, entis, n., that on which something rests or depends, the chief point, hinge:

causae,

Cic. Part. Or. 29, 103; id. Top. 25, 95:

intuendum videtur, quid sit quaestio, ratio, judicatio, continens, vel ut alii vocant, firmamentum,

Quint. 3, 11, 1; cf. id. ib. § 18 sqq.— Adv.: contĭnen-ter.

(Acc. to A. 2.)

In space, in unbroken succession, in a row. continenter sedetis, Cat. 37, 6.—More freq. and class.,

In time, continuously, without interruption:

totā nocte ierunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 26:

jam amplius horis sex pugnaretur,

id. ib. 3, 5:

biduum lapidibus pluit,

Liv. 25, 7, 7:

usque ad ipsum negotium,

Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 37:

ferri imagines,

id. N. D. 1, 39, 109.—

(Acc. to B.) Temperately, moderately (rare):

vivere,

Cic. Off. 1, 30, 106; in sup.:

vivere,

Aug. Ep. 199; id. Conf. 6, 12.—Hence also,

contentus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 2. b.); medial., satisfying one's self with, contented, satisfied, content (freq. in all periods and species of composition); constr. in gen. with the abl.; more rarely absol.; after the Aug. per. very freq. with the inf.

With abl.: his versibus, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 264, 3:

suis rebus,

Cic. Par. 6, 3, 51:

paucis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 16:

illā (sorte),

id. ib. 1, 1, 3:

viverem uti contentus eo quod mī ipse parasset,

id. ib. 1, 4, 108; cf. Suet. Aug. 82:

solā Dianā,

Verg. A. 11, 582.—

Absol.:

cum ipsum audires sine comparatione, non modo contentus esses, sed melius non quaereres,

Cic. Brut. 35, 134; so comp., Plaut. Poen. 2, 15.—

With inf.:

indagare,

Ov. M. 1, 461:

edidicisse,

id. ib. 2, 638:

retinere titulum provinciae,

Vell. 2, 49:

hostes sustinuisse,

id. 2, 112:

indicare,

Quint. 4, 2, 128:

ostendere,

id. 5, 10, 31:

id consequi, quod imiteris,

id. 10, 2, 7 et saep.— Adv.: contentē (ante-and post-class., and rare), in a restrained manner, closely:

arte contenteque habere aliquem,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63:

parce contenteque vivere,

Pacat. Pan. Theod. 13.

con-trăho, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to draw or bring several objects together, to collect, assemble (freq. and class.).

In gen.

Lit. (syn. colligo;

opp. dissipo): quae in rerum naturā constarent quaeque moverentur, ea contrahere amicitiam, dissipare discordiam,

Cic. Lael. 7, 24:

cohortes ex finitimis regionibus,

Caes. B. C. 1, 15:

exercitum in unum locum,

id. B. G. 1, 34; cf.:

omnes copias Luceriam,

Cic. Att. 8, 1, 2; and:

omnia in unum locum,

id. ib. 8, 11, B, 3:

omnes copias eo,

Nep. Ages. 3, 1:

navibus circiter LXXX. coactis, contractisque,

Caes. B. G. 4, 22; cf.:

magnam classem,

Nep. Con. 4, 4:

naves,

Suet. Calig. 19:

agrestes,

Ov. F. 4, 811:

captivos,

Liv. 37, 44, 3:

utrumque ad colloquium,

id. 28, 18, 2:

undique libros,

Suet. Aug. 31; cf.

exemplaria,

id. Gram. 24:

muscas in manu,

Plin. 12, 25, 54, § 122; cf.

serpentes,

id. 28, 9, 42, § 151: ii, qui in idem (collegium) contracti fuerint, Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 34 (43), 1—

Trop.

To bring about, carry into effect, accomplish, execute, get, contract, occasion, cause, produce, make, etc. (very freq.):

amicitiam,

Cic. Lael. 14, 48:

vinculum amicitiae,

Val. Max. 4, 7 init.:

aliquid litigii,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 31; cf.

lites,

id. Capt. prol. 63: qui hoc [p. 458] mihi contraxit, id. Cas. 3, 2, 21; cf.:

negotium mihi,

Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 9; and:

numinis iram mihi (arte),

Ov. M. 2, 660:

bellum Saguntinis,

Liv. 24, 42, 11:

aliquid damni,

Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 91:

molestias,

id. Fam. 2, 16, 5; cf. Sall. H. 2, 41, 8 Dietsch:

aes alienum,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 25:

causam certaminis,

Liv. 22, 28, 4; cf.

certamen,

id. 23, 26, 11; 25, 34, 10 al.:

necessitates ad bellum,

id. 44, 27, 12:

culpam,

to incur, Cic. Att. 11, 24, 1 al.:

cruditatem,

Quint. 7, 3, 38; cf. id. 2, 10, 6:

morbum,

Plin. 30, 8, 21, § 65:

pestilentiam,

id. 36, 27, 69, § 202:

saginam corporis,

Just. 21, 2:

causam valetudinis ex profluvio alvi,

Suet. Aug. 97 fin. et saep.: porca contracta, owed, due, sc. for the expiation of a crime, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57 fin. —

In the lang. of business, t. t., to make a contract, conclude a bargain, to contract:

rationem, rem cum illo,

Cic. Clu. 14, 41; cf. id. Off. 1, 17, 53; id. Sull. 20, 56; id. Att. 7, 7, 7:

in tribuendo suum cuique et rerum contractarum fide,

id. Off. 1, 5, 14:

ex rebus contrahendis,

id. ib. 3, 15, 61:

in contrahendis negotiis,

id. ib. 2, 11, 40:

adfinitas inter Caesarem et Pompeium contracta nuptiis,

Vell. 2, 44, 3 et saep.—

Transf. beyond the sphere of business:

cum aliquo,

to have intercourse with, to associate with, Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4:

nihil cum populo,

id. Tusc. 5, 36, 105.—

In partic., with the prevailing idea of shortening or diminishing by drawing together (cf.: cogo, colligo, etc.), to draw close or together, to draw in, contract, shorten, narrow, lessen, abridge, diminish (freq. and class.; opp. porrigo, dilato, tendo).

Lit.:

animal omne membra quocumque volt flectit, contorquet, porrigit, contrahit,

Cic. Div. 1, 53, 120:

pulmones tum se contrahunt adspirantes, tum intrante spiritu dilatant,

id. N. D. 2, 55, 136:

contractum aliquo morbo bovis cor,

id. Div. 2, 16, 37; cf.:

se millepeda tactu,

Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 136:

bina cornua (opp. protendere),

id. 9, 32, 51, § 101: collum. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41;

opp. tendere,

Quint. 11, 3, 82:

frontem,

to wrinkle, contract, Cic. Clu. 26, 72; Hor. S. 2, 2, 125:

supercilia (opp. deducere),

Quint. 11, 3, 79:

medium digitum in pollicem,

id. 11, 3, 92; cf.:

contractum genibus tangas caput,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 61:

gravissimo frigore solus atque contractus vigilabit in lectulo,

Hier. Ep. 53:

castra,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

vela,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 23; Quint. 12, prooem. § 4; cf. Cic. Att. 1, 16, 2:

orbem (lunae),

Ov. M. 15, 198:

umbras,

id. ib. 3, 144:

orationem (with summittere),

Quint. 11, 1, 45; cf. id. 12, 11, 16:

tempora dicendi,

id. 6, 5, 4 et saep.:

lac,

to curdle, coagulate, Plin. 23, 7, 63, § 117.—Of bees:

contracto frigore pigrae ( = contractae frigore pigro),

Verg. G. 4, 259; cf.:

pigrum est enim contractumque frigus,

Sen. Ira, 2, 19, 2:

horrida tempestas contraxit caelum,

narrows, Hor. Epod. 13, 1:

vulnera,

Plin. 24, 8, 33, § 48; cf.

cicatrices,

id. 12, 17, 38, § 77:

ventrem,

to stop, check, Cels. 4, 19; cf.

alvum,

id. ib.:

vomitiones,

Plin. 20, 2, 6, § 11.—

Esp., archit. t. t., to narrow, make smaller or tapering:

columnam,

Vitr. 4, 3, 4; cf. id. 3, 3, 12; 4, 7, 2:

pyramis XXIV. gradibus in metae cacumen se contrahens,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 31.—

Trop., to draw in, lessen, check, restrain ( = certis limitibus quasi coartare et circumscribere;

opp. remittere, diffundere): cui non animus formidine divum contrahitur?

Lucr. 5, 1219; cf.:

te rogo, ne contrahas ac demittas animum,

do not suffer your spirits to droop, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4; and:

animos varietas sonorum (opp. remittere),

id. Leg. 2, 15, 38: terram quasi tristitiā (sol;

opp. laetificas),

id. N. D. 2, 40, 102:

ut et bonis amici quasi diffundantur et incommodis contrahantur,

are made sad, id. Lael. 13, 48 (cf. id. Tusc. 4, 6, 14):

ex quibus intellegitur, appetitus omnes contrahendos sedandosque,

id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.

cupidmem,

Hor. C. 3, 16, 39 et saep. —Hence, contractus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to II.), drawn together into a narrow space, i. e. compressed, contracted, close, short, narrow, abridged, restricted, limited, etc.

Lit.:

tanto contractioribus ultimis digitis,

Quint. 11, 3, 95:

nares contractiores habent introitus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 145:

contractior ignis,

smaller, Lucr. 5, 569:

aequora,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 33; cf.

freta,

Ov. F. 6, 495:

locus (with exiguus),

Verg. G. 4, 295:

Nilus contractior et exilior,

Plin. Pan. 30, 3: contractiora spatia ordinum, Col. 5, 5, 3.—

Trop.

Of language, etc.:

et brevis ambitus verborum,

Cic. Brut. 44, 162; cf.:

contractior oratio,

id. ib. 31, 120:

propositum dicendi (opp. uberius),

Quint. 11, 1, 32:

summissā atque contractā voce (opp. erectā et concitatā),

id. 11, 3, 175; so,

vox,

id. 11, 3, 64: parvum opusculum lucubratum his jam contractioribus noctibus, Cic. Par. prooem. § 5.—

In gen.:

quae studia in his jam aetatibus nostris contractiora esse debent,

Cic. Cael. 31, 76:

paupertas,

stinted, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20 (cf.:

angusta pauperies,

id. C. 3, 2, 1);

in the same sense transf. to the person: ad mare descendet vates tuus et sibi parcet Contractusque leget,

retired, solitary, id. ib. 1, 7, 12; cf.

homo,

Verg. M. 78.— Adv.: contractē, on a contracted scale; only in comp.:

assuescamus. servis paucioribus serviri, habitare contractius,

Sen. Tranq. 9, 3; Lact. 2, 8, 39 al.

dē-fendo, di, sum ( infin. pass. parag.: defendier, Verg. A. 8, 493: Juv. 15, 157.— Part. gen. plur. sync.:

defendentum,

Verg. A. 11, 886), 3, v. a. [arch.: FENDO; cf. Sanscr. han (ghan), to smite; Gr. theinô; hence, also offendo, infensus, infestus, mani-festus; cf. fustis], to fend or ward off any thing hostile or injurious; to repel, avert, keep off: propulsando arcere (for syn. cf.: tueor, tutor, servo, conservo. propugno, protego, vindico, caveo—freq. and class.); regularly constr. with acc. alone (so in Cic. and Caes.); very rarely aliquid (aliquem) ab aliquo, and in poets also aliquid alicui; cf. Zumpt. Gr. § 469.

Aliquid (aliquem):

ut tu morbos calamitates intemperiasque prohibessis, defendas averruncesque,

Cato R. R. 141, 2: serva cives, defende hostes, cum potes defendere, Enn. ap. Non. 277, 21; cf.

bellum (opp. inferre),

Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 13; 2, 29 fin.:

ad defendendos ictus ac repellendos,

id. B. C. 2, 9, 3; cf.:

ignis jactus et lapides,

id. ib. 2, 2, 4:

frigus et solem,

Cato R. R. 48, 2; cf.:

nimios solis ardores,

Cic. de Sen. 15, 53;

and frigus,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 14;

also: sitim fonte et purā lymphā,

to quench, Sil. 7, 170:

qui non defendit injuriam neque propulsat,

Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; so,

injuriam,

id. Rosc. Am. 1:

noxiam,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 48:

imperatoris sui tribunorumque plebis injurias,

Caes. B. C. 1, 7 fin.:

vim suorum,

id. ib. 3, 110, 4; cf.:

vim illatam vi,

Cic. Mil. 4:

pericula,

id. Mur. 3; Tac. A. 13, 56:

hunc furorem,

Verg. A. 10, 905:

dedecus manu,

Sil. 13, 99 et saep.:

crimen,

to answer, defend against an accusation, Liv. 42, 48, 2.—

With ab: (milites) a pinnis hostes defendebant facillime, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 1; cf. ib. 8:

hostem a fossa,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 9:

ignem a tectis,

Ov. R. Am. 625.—

Aliquid alicui (cf. arceo, no. II. d.):

iniuriam foribus,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 20:

solstitium pecori,

Verg. E. 7, 47; cf.:

aestatem capellis,

Hor. Od. 1, 17, 3; Prop. 1, 20, 11:

tela misero,

Sil. 17, 432:

dedecus morti,

id. 5, 490:

senium famae,

Stat. Th. 9, 318.—

Absol., to put a stop (to a fire), to check the flames:

nec quisquam defendere audebat, crebris minis restinguere prohibentium,

Tac. A. 15, 38; cf.:

urbem incendere, feris in populum immissis, quo difficilius defenderentur,

Suet. Ner. 43.—

Transf., like prohibere, with acc. of that from which any thing is warded off or averted, to defend, guard, protect, cover.

In gen. (so most freq. in all perr. and species of composition), constr. with acc. alone; with acc. and ab aliquo (contra aliquid), or merely ab aliquo; and absol.

With simple acc.:

Aeduos ceterosque amicos populi Rom.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 35 fin.:

eos,

id. ib. 2, 10, 4; id. B. C. 1, 6, 2:

se armis,

id. B. G. 6, 34:

se manu,

id. ib. 5, 7, 8;

6, 40, 6 et saep.: castra,

id. ib. 3, 3 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 67, 5; 3, 94, 6 (with tueri):

oppidum,

id. B. G. 3, 16, 3 et saep.:

eum defendo, quem tu accusas,

Cic. Sull. 17:

aliquem apud praetores,

id. Clu. 45, 126:

aliquem de ambitu,

id. Sull. 2, 6: cf.

causam,

id. Clu. 27, 74; id. Sull. 31, 86; id. Lael. 25, 96 et passim:

d. ac tegere scelus,

id. Sull. 31, 86; cf.

with protegere,

id. ib. 18, 50:

justitiam,

id. Lael. 7, 25:

communem salutem,

id. Rep. 1, 1; id. Mur. 2 fin. et saep.:

locum,

to preserve, maintain, id. Quint. 13, 43; cf.:

vicem modo rhetoris atque poëtae,

to sustain, Hor. S. 1, 10, 12:

actorum partes,

id. A. P. 194:

aedes Vestae vix defensa est (sc. ab incendio),

preserved, Liv. 26, 27.—

Aliquid (aliquem) ab aliquo:

Aedui cum se suaque ab iis defendere non possent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 11, 2:

se a finitimis,

id. ib. 2, 31, 5; id. B. C. 1, 75, 3; Sall. C. 45, 4 et saep.:

Galliam omnem ab Ariovisti injuria,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31 fin.; so,

aliquem ab injuria,

id. ib. 5, 20, 3; Sall. C. 35 fin.; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 22, 5:

se regnumque suum ab Romanorum avaritia,

Sall. J. 49, 2:

provinciam non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 6, 14: Italiam a vastatione, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15 fin.:

vitam ab inimicorum audacia telisque,

Cic. Mil. 2 fin.:

libertatis causam ab regio praesidio,

Liv. 39, 24 et saep.:

teneras myrtos a frigore,

Verg. E. 7, 6:

frondes ab acutae vulnere falcis, a pecoris morsu,

Ov. M. 9, 384 et saep.—

With ab aliquo:

quod et ab incendio lapis et ab ariete materia defendit,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23, 5; so id. B. C. 1, 25 fin.; 3, 63, 7.—

Aliquem (aliquid) contra, or adversus aliquem:

me scio a te contra iniquos meos solere defendi,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 7:

sese adversus populum Romanum defendere,

id. Phil. 1, 6, 13:

me adversus Abrupolim,

Liv. 42, 41, 10; Just. 2, 4, 32; Suet. Caes. 71; Liv. 5, 35, 4:

auctoritatem contra invidiam,

Cic. Phil, 8, 4; 13, 11; id. Fam. 5, 2, 6; id. Sest. 67, 141; 23, 51; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45.—

Absol.:

filii qui et sentire et defendere possent,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 23, 64 fin.:

cum jam defenderet nemo,

Caes. B. G. 2, 33, 6:

defendentibus civibus Romanis,

id. B. C. 3, 40, 6; cf. in the abl. absol., id. B. G. 2, 12, 3; id. B. C. 3, 68 fin.; Cic. Lael. 25, 96 et saep.:

quibus eae partes ad defendendum obvenerunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 81 fin. —

In partic.

Of speech, to defend, support, maintain; to bring forward, allege in defence (so repeatedly in Cic.; elsewhere rare).

With acc.:

(Carneades) nullam umquam in illis suis disputationibus rem defendit, quam non probarit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 38 fin.; cf. id. Fam. 4, 14:

me id maxime defendisse, ut, etc.,

have chiefly striven for, id. Rosc. Am. 47; id. Verr. 2, 3, 37; 2, 5, 58.—

With acc. and inf.:

gravissimeque et verissime defenditur, numquam aequitatem ab utilitate posse sejungi, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 71; id. Verr. 2, 3, 90 fin.; id. Tull. 13, 32:

ille nihil ex his sponte susceptum sed principi paruisse defendebat,

Tac. A. 13, 43:

sed id solitum esse fieri defendebat,

Gell. 10, 19; so with verb pass. and inf., Cic. Inv. 2, 32 init. —

With a relative clause:

(quae turpitudines) cur non cadant in sapientem, non est facile defendere,

Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117. —

In the later jurid. Lat., to claim, vindicate, or prosecute at law:

quia libertatem et hereditatem ex testamento sibi defendebat,

Dig. 5, 3, 7:

si patris mortem defendere necesse habuerit,

i. e. legally to avenge his death, ib. 38, 2, 14, § 7; 48, 2, 11.

dēlĕo, lēvi, lētum, 2 ( perf. sync. delerunt, Cic. Red. in Sen. 2, 4:

delerit,

Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 19; id. Balb. 19, 43:

delerat,

id. Fam. 15, 5, 3:

delerant,

id. Sest. 19, 44; plqpf. subj. sync. delesset, Val. Max. 3, 7; Liv. 27, 40, 4; part. perf. dēlĭtus: litterae delitae, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 372: epistola delita, Calvus ib.; Cic. Ep. ap. Prisc. p. 873; cf. 1. aboleo), v. a. [Sanscr. R. lī, adhere; cf.: vi-lī, dissolve; Gr. limnê, limên, leimôn, etc.; Lat. lino, perf. levi; polio, etc.; cf. also Gr. limos, Lat. lētum], to abolish, destroy, annihilate (freq. and class.; cf.: eluo, diluo, diruo, exstinguo, everto, demolior, destruo).

Of objects not personal:

si certo tempore luna Gignitur et certo deletur tempore rursus,

Lucr. 5, 748 (for which, shortly before, nova luna creari... aborisci):

si Juppiter saepe urbes delevit, fruges perdidit, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; so,

urbem Numantiam, Carthaginem, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 2, 12 fin.; Cic. Cat. 4, 10, 21; Sall. J. 8, 2; Hor. Od. 3, 6, 14; Ov. M. 13, 219 al.; cf.:

magnam Graeciam,

Cic. Lael. 4, 13:

nomen Aequorum prope ad internecionem,

Liv. 9, 45;

and, Volscum nomen,

id. 3, 8:

sepulcrum,

Cic. Leg. 2, 26:

aedificia,

id. Agr. 2, 32 fin. al.:

epistulas,

id. Fam. 7, 18, 2; so of the blotting out, effacing, obliterating, of writing, id. ib. 14, 3; id. Clu. 14, 41; id. Rosc. Com. 2 fin.; Quint. 10, 3, 31; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 69; id. A. P. 389; Ov. M. 9, 524; Vulg. Apoc. 3, 5:

stigmata in facie,

Plin. 25, 13, 110, § 175:

radices,

Col. 11, 3, 56 al. —

Trop., to finish, stop, terminate, end:

praesentia, futura bella,

Cic. Lael. 3, 11:

omnes leges una rogatione,

id. Sest. 26:

omnia morte, id. Lael, 4, 13: omnem memoriam discordiarum oblivione sempiterna,

id. Phil. 1, 1; cf. id. Deiot. 13, 37:

nec si quid olim lusit Anacreon, Delevit aetas,

Hor. Od. 4, 9, 10;

trop.: deleo omnes dehinc ex animo mulieres (i. e. memoriam mulierum),

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 5:

veritatem (simulatio),

Cic. Lael. 25, 92:

omnem molestiam,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 8:

improbitatem (with exstinguere),

id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 26; cf.:

turpitudinem fugae virtute,

Caes. B. G. 2, 27:

priorem ignominiam,

Liv. 39, 30.—

Of personal objects:

dispersis ac paene deletis hostibus,

destroyed, annihilated, Caes. B. G. 6, 36, 2;

so milit.,

id. ib. 6, 37, 7; id. B. C. 3, 70; Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Mur. 35 fin.; id. Vat. 10, 24 init.; Tac. A. 4, 51; Verg. A. 11, 898 al.:

homines morte deletos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 15:

toto animante deleto,

id. Tusc. 1, 37, 90;

rarely of a single person: C. Curionem,

id. Vat. 10, 24 fin.

dē-pugno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a.

To fight eagerly, fight out; to contend, combat violently.

Prop. (freq. and class.):

collatis signis,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 44; cf. Liv. 34, 46:

acie instructā, * Caes, B. G. 7, 28: multi depugnant gemitusque edunt,

Lucr. 4, 1015:

haud procul moenibus,

Liv. 10, 37; cf. id. 34, 46; 40, 34:

adversus aliquem,

Front. Strat. 2, 4, 6 et saep.:

Torquatus cum Gallo apud Anienem depugnavit,

Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 73:

ad depugnandum,

Nep. Them. 4, 4;

so of single combat,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 22; id. Fin. 2, 22, 73; Suet. Caes. 39;

and as a t. t. of gladiatorial combats,

id. ib. 2, 17 fin.; Asin. Pollio, ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Quint. 8, 5, 12 Spald.;

in the latter sense also with an object: feram,

Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 6; cf.

bestias,

ib. 48, 8, 11.— Pass. impers.:

ante depugnabitur,

Cic. Att. 16, 11, 6: so,

depugnarier,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 36:

depugnatum est,

Liv. 7, 26; 9, 39.—

Transf. out of the milit. sphere:

cum animo suo,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 29:

cum fame,

id. Stich. 4, 2, 47:

morti,

Sil. 10, 475.—And in a figure borrowed from the lang. of gladiators:

unum par, quod depugnet, reliquum est voluptas cum honestate,

Cic. Ac. 2, 46; cf.:

natura atque luxuria depugnant (flores),

rival one another, Plin. 21, 8, 22, § 46: indocti stolidique et depugnare parati, * Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 184.—

To fight to the end, stop fighting: depugnato proelio, " the day after the fair," Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 31.

discepto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [dis and capio].

Jurid. t. t. (lit., to seize hold of and separate; hence, to stop the dispute), to decide, determine, judge a controversy, = dijudicare (cf.: dissero, disputo;

good prose, but rare): res juste sapienterque,

Cic. Mil. 9:

hanc causam si in foro dicerem eodem audiente et disceptante te,

id. Deiot. 2, 6; cf.:

ipso exercitu disceptante,

Liv. 5, 4:

jus dicebat disceptabatque controversias,

id. 41, 20; cf.:

controversias inter se jure ac judicio, aut... bello,

id. 38, 38 fin.:

inter populum Carthaginiensem et regem in re praesenti,

id. 34, 62 fin.:

inter amicos,

Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 2. al.:

FETIALES BELLA DISCEPTANTO,

i. e. to decide between peace and war, Cic. Leg. 2, 9.—

Beyond the judic. sphere: cum Academici eorum controversias disceptarent, Cic. Tusc. 4, 3, 6.—Far more freq.,.

Transf., of the parties themselves: to debate, dispute, discuss, strive.

With de:

de controversiis jure apud se potius, quam inter se armis disceptare,

Caes. B. G. 3, 107 fin.; cf.:

de controversiis suis jure potius quam bello,

Sall. J. 21 fin.; and see under b:

non de aliquo crimine sed de publico jure,

Cic. Balb. 28, 64; cf.:

de foederum jure verbis,

Liv. 21, 19:

de jure vectigalium,

id. 34, 62:

de cunctis negotiis inter se,

Sall. J. 11, 2 al. —Ellipt.:

damni (i. e. de actione damni) disceptare,

Dig. 48, 19, 28, § 12.— Pass. impers.:

quanto periculo de jure publico disceptaretur armis,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2; 6, 1, 5:

quorum de re,

id. de Or. 2, 43, 183:

de omnibus condicionibus,

Caes. B. C. 1, 24 fin.:

de agro cum regis legatis,

Liv. 34, 62 al. —With ob:

ob rem pecuniariam cum aliquo,

Tac. A. 6, 5.—With ad:

ad aliquem,

Liv. 8, 23.—

Absol.:

erat non jure, non legibus, non disceptando decertandum,

Cic. Planc. 36; so,

cum palaestritis aequo jure,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 15; cf.:

jure potius quam bellum gerere,

Hirt. B. G. 85 fin.:

armis,

Tac. A. 2, 65.— Pass. impers.:

ut coram imperatore, sicut inter Marcellum Siculosque disceptatum fuerat, disceptaretur,

Liv. 26, 33; cf. id. 38, 35.— Abl. absol.:

multum invicem disceptato,

Tac. A. 15, 14.—

With inanimate subjects:

in uno proelio omnis fortuna rei publicae disceptat,

depends upon, is at stake, Cic. Fam. 10, 10.

dī-verto ( vorto), ti, sum, 3, v. n., to turn or go different ways, to part, separate, turn aside (in the verb. finit. rare; not in the class. per.).

Lit.

To turn out of the way; hence, of travellers, to stop, lodge, sojourn:

qui divertebat in proximo,

Amm. 14, 7, 15:

in cenaculum,

Vulg. 4 Reg. 4, 11:

ad hominem peccatorem,

to visit, id. Luc. 19, 7 al. —

Of a married woman, to leave her husband:

(uxor) sive diverterit, sive nupta est adhuc,

Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 30; cf.

so of divorce: si uxor a legato diverterit,

ib. 5, 1, 42:

nullis matrimoniis divertentibus,

Gell. 4, 3. V. also divortium.—

Trop., to deviate from each other, to differ:

divortunt mores virgini longe ac lupae,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 22.—Hence, dīversus ( - vorsus), a, um, P. a., turned different ways.

Set over against each other, opposite, contrary (freq. and class.; cf.: adversus, contrarius).

Lit.:

in diversum iter equi concitati,

Liv. 1, 28:

fenestrae,

opposite each other, Prop. 1, 3, 31; cf.

ripa,

Sil. 1, 264 Drak.:

iter a proposito diversum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 69, 1; cf.:

diverso ab ea regione itinere,

id. ib. 3, 41, 4:

diversis ab flumine regionibus,

id. B. G. 6, 25, 3:

diversam aciem constituit,

id. B. C. 1, 40, 5:

duo cinguli maxime inter se diversi, i. e. the two polar circles,

Cic. Rep. 6, 20 (13):

diversum ad mare dejectus,

Tac. A. 2, 60; cf.:

procurrentibus in diversa terris,

id. Agr. 11:

in diversum flectere,

Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 248:

binas per diversum coassationes substernere,

cross-wise, Plin. 36, 25, 62, § 186.—

Trop.

In gen., different, diverse, opposite, contrary, conflicting (cf.:

varius, differens, discrepans, multiplex): monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis cupiditatibusque conflatum,

Cic. Cael. 5 fin.; cf.:

quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque expectatis aut speret aut timeat?

Vell. 2, 75, 2:

pessuma ac divorsa inter se mala, luxuria atque avaritia,

Sall. C. 5, 8; cf. Liv. 34, 4.—In the sup.:

ne illi falsi sunt, qui diversissimas res pariter exspectant, ignaviae voluptatem et praemia virtutis,

Sall. J. 85, 20:

diversa sibi ambo consilia capiunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 30, 1:

est huic diversum vitio vitium prope majus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 5; cf. Vell. 2, 80, 2:

initio reges diversi pars ingenium, alii corpus exercebant,

pursuing opposite courses, Sall. C. 2, 1:

diversi imperatoribus (sc. Scipioni et Mummio) mores, diversa fuerunt studia,

Vell. 1, 13, 3:

dividere bona diversis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 114; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 3; Vell. 2, 60 fin. et saep.—Of conflicting passions: Pentheum diripuisse aiunt Bacchas;

nugas fuisse credo, prae quo pacto ego divorsus distrahor,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 2.— Comp.:

divorsius,

Lucr. 3, 803.—

In partic. (like contrarius, II. 2.), inimically opposed, of hostile or opposite opinions, unfriendly, hostile:

certa igitur cum illo, qui a te totus diversus est,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32:

regio ab se diversa,

Liv. 32, 38:

diversos iterum conjungere amantes,

Prop. 1, 10, 15:

acies,

Tac. A. 13, 57; 14, 30:

factio,

Suet. Caes. 20; id. Tib. 3 fin.; cf.

partes,

id. Caes. 1:

diversae partis advocatus,

opposite, id. Gramm. 4:

diversi ordiuntur, etc.,

Tac. A. 2, 10:

subsellia,

of the opponents, Quint. 11, 3, 133; cf. Tac. Or. 34:

minuere invidiam aut in diversum eam transferre,

Quint. 11, 1, 64:

defectio Tarentinorum utrum priore anno an hoc facta sit, in diversum auctores trahunt,

are not agreed, Liv. 25, 11 fin.; cf.:

nullo in diversum auctore,

Tac. A. 12, 69:

consistentis ex diverso patroni,

on the opposite side, Quint. 4, 1, 42:

ex diverso,

id. 5, 11, 43; Tac. A. 13, 40; id. H. 4, 16 et saep.;

also: e diverso,

Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 9; Just. 30, 4, 6; the latter in Sueton, and the elder Pliny, i. q. contra, on the contrary:

sunt qui putent, etc.... Alii e diverso, etc.,

Suet. Caes. 86; cf. id. Aug. 27; id. Dom. 9; Plin. 2, 50, 51, § 135; 5, 9, 10, § 56 al.; cf. Sillig. ad Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 35; Gai. Inst. 2, 16.

In different directions, apart, separate (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of writing).

Lit.: dispennite hominem divorsum et distennite, spread out in opposite directions, i. e. his limbs, Plaut. Mil. 5, 14:

diversae state,

id. Truc. 4, 3, 14; cf.:

diversi pugnabant,

separately, Caes. B. C. 1, 58, 4; so,

jam antea diversi audistis,

Sall. C. 20, 5; and:

sive juncti unum premant, sive id diversi gerant bellum,

Liv. 10, 25:

diversi dissipatique in omnes partes fugere,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24, 4; cf.:

ex diversa fuga in unum collecti,

Liv. 42, 8:

age diversos et disice corpora ponto,

Verg. A. 1, 70:

diversi consules discedunt,

Liv. 10, 33, 10; 22, 56; Nep. Dat. 11, 3 al.; cf.:

quo diversus abis?

away, Verg. A. 5, 166; 11, 855:

qui (portus) cum diversos inter se aditus habeant, in exitu conjunguntur et confluunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52 fin.; cf. id. Agr. 2, 32, 87; Liv. 40, 22:

in locis disjunctissimis maximeque diversis,

very widely separated, Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 4; so,

loca,

id. ib. 16; Caes. B. G. 2, 22, 1 et saep.—Cf. in the sup.:

diversissimis locis subeundo ad moenia,

Liv. 4, 22:

itinera,

Caes. B. G. 7, 16 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 67, 2:

proelium,

fought in different places, Hirt. B. G. 8, 19, 2 et saep.: sunt ea innumerabilia, quae a diversis emebantur, by various people, individuals (as an indefinite term for persons), Cic. Phil. 2, 37. — Poet., i. q. remotus, remote, far-distant:

Aesar,

i. e. flowing in another, remote country, Ov. M. 15, 23; cf. Verg. A. 3, 4; 11, 261; 12, 621;

708: diverso terrarum distineri,

distance apart, remoteness, Tac. A. 3, 59.—

Trop.

Different, unlike, dissimilar:

varia et diversa genera et bellorum et hostium,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10 fin.; cf.:

variae et diversae et diffusae disputationes,

id. de Or. 3, 16, 61; 1, 61 fin.:

diversa ac dissimilis pars,

id. Inv. 1, 23, 33; cf.:

diversa studia in dissimili ratione,

id. Cat. 2, 5:

flumina diversa locis,

Verg. G. 4, 367; so Ov. M. 1, 40:

oris habitu simili aut diverso,

Quint. 9, 3, 34 al.:

ut par ingenio, ita morum diversus,

Tac. A. 14, 19:

a proposita ratione diversum,

Cic. Brut. 90; cf.:

ab his longe diversae litterae,

Sall. C. 34 fin.; Quint. 4, 1, 9; cf. also id. 2, 10, 7:

huic diversa sententia eorum fuit,

id. 3, 6, 32. —Cf. so with dat., Quint. 2, 3, 10; 3, 10, 3 et saep.—With gen.:

diversa omnium, quae umquam accidere, civilium armorum facies,

Tac. A. 1, 49:

diversa in hac ac supradicta alite quaedam,

Plin. 10, 12, 15, § 32:

eruca diversae est, quam lactuca, naturae,

id. 19, 8, 44, § 154.—

Divided, fluctuating, hesitating, inconsistent:

metu ac libidine divorsus agebatur,

Sall. J. 25, 6:

qui diversus animi modo numen pavescere, modo, etc.,

Tac. H. 4, 84:

diversi fremat inconstantia vulgi,

Tib. 4, 1, 45.— Adv.: dī-verse or dīvorse (acc. to II.), different ways, hither and thither; in different directions (very rarely): corpora prostrata diverse jacebant, scattered, Auct. B. Afr. 40 fin.; so,

pauci paulo divorsius conciderant,

Sall. C. 61, 3:

multifariam diverseque tendere,

Suet. Galb. 19.—

Trop. of the mind:

curae meum animum divorse trahunt,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 25:

ab eodem de eadem re diverse dicitur,

differently, Cic. Inv. 1, 50:

diversissime adfici,

very variously, Suet. Tib. 66:

uti verbo ab alicujus sententia diverse,

in a different meaning, Gell. 6, 17, 9.

dī-verto ( vorto), ti, sum, 3, v. n., to turn or go different ways, to part, separate, turn aside (in the verb. finit. rare; not in the class. per.).

Lit.

To turn out of the way; hence, of travellers, to stop, lodge, sojourn:

qui divertebat in proximo,

Amm. 14, 7, 15:

in cenaculum,

Vulg. 4 Reg. 4, 11:

ad hominem peccatorem,

to visit, id. Luc. 19, 7 al. —

Of a married woman, to leave her husband:

(uxor) sive diverterit, sive nupta est adhuc,

Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 30; cf.

so of divorce: si uxor a legato diverterit,

ib. 5, 1, 42:

nullis matrimoniis divertentibus,

Gell. 4, 3. V. also divortium.—

Trop., to deviate from each other, to differ:

divortunt mores virgini longe ac lupae,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 22.—Hence, dīversus ( - vorsus), a, um, P. a., turned different ways.

Set over against each other, opposite, contrary (freq. and class.; cf.: adversus, contrarius).

Lit.:

in diversum iter equi concitati,

Liv. 1, 28:

fenestrae,

opposite each other, Prop. 1, 3, 31; cf.

ripa,

Sil. 1, 264 Drak.:

iter a proposito diversum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 69, 1; cf.:

diverso ab ea regione itinere,

id. ib. 3, 41, 4:

diversis ab flumine regionibus,

id. B. G. 6, 25, 3:

diversam aciem constituit,

id. B. C. 1, 40, 5:

duo cinguli maxime inter se diversi, i. e. the two polar circles,

Cic. Rep. 6, 20 (13):

diversum ad mare dejectus,

Tac. A. 2, 60; cf.:

procurrentibus in diversa terris,

id. Agr. 11:

in diversum flectere,

Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 248:

binas per diversum coassationes substernere,

cross-wise, Plin. 36, 25, 62, § 186.—

Trop.

In gen., different, diverse, opposite, contrary, conflicting (cf.:

varius, differens, discrepans, multiplex): monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis cupiditatibusque conflatum,

Cic. Cael. 5 fin.; cf.:

quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque expectatis aut speret aut timeat?

Vell. 2, 75, 2:

pessuma ac divorsa inter se mala, luxuria atque avaritia,

Sall. C. 5, 8; cf. Liv. 34, 4.—In the sup.:

ne illi falsi sunt, qui diversissimas res pariter exspectant, ignaviae voluptatem et praemia virtutis,

Sall. J. 85, 20:

diversa sibi ambo consilia capiunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 30, 1:

est huic diversum vitio vitium prope majus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 5; cf. Vell. 2, 80, 2:

initio reges diversi pars ingenium, alii corpus exercebant,

pursuing opposite courses, Sall. C. 2, 1:

diversi imperatoribus (sc. Scipioni et Mummio) mores, diversa fuerunt studia,

Vell. 1, 13, 3:

dividere bona diversis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 114; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 3; Vell. 2, 60 fin. et saep.—Of conflicting passions: Pentheum diripuisse aiunt Bacchas;

nugas fuisse credo, prae quo pacto ego divorsus distrahor,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 2.— Comp.:

divorsius,

Lucr. 3, 803.—

In partic. (like contrarius, II. 2.), inimically opposed, of hostile or opposite opinions, unfriendly, hostile:

certa igitur cum illo, qui a te totus diversus est,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32:

regio ab se diversa,

Liv. 32, 38:

diversos iterum conjungere amantes,

Prop. 1, 10, 15:

acies,

Tac. A. 13, 57; 14, 30:

factio,

Suet. Caes. 20; id. Tib. 3 fin.; cf.

partes,

id. Caes. 1:

diversae partis advocatus,

opposite, id. Gramm. 4:

diversi ordiuntur, etc.,

Tac. A. 2, 10:

subsellia,

of the opponents, Quint. 11, 3, 133; cf. Tac. Or. 34:

minuere invidiam aut in diversum eam transferre,

Quint. 11, 1, 64:

defectio Tarentinorum utrum priore anno an hoc facta sit, in diversum auctores trahunt,

are not agreed, Liv. 25, 11 fin.; cf.:

nullo in diversum auctore,

Tac. A. 12, 69:

consistentis ex diverso patroni,

on the opposite side, Quint. 4, 1, 42:

ex diverso,

id. 5, 11, 43; Tac. A. 13, 40; id. H. 4, 16 et saep.;

also: e diverso,

Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 9; Just. 30, 4, 6; the latter in Sueton, and the elder Pliny, i. q. contra, on the contrary:

sunt qui putent, etc.... Alii e diverso, etc.,

Suet. Caes. 86; cf. id. Aug. 27; id. Dom. 9; Plin. 2, 50, 51, § 135; 5, 9, 10, § 56 al.; cf. Sillig. ad Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 35; Gai. Inst. 2, 16.

In different directions, apart, separate (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of writing).

Lit.: dispennite hominem divorsum et distennite, spread out in opposite directions, i. e. his limbs, Plaut. Mil. 5, 14:

diversae state,

id. Truc. 4, 3, 14; cf.:

diversi pugnabant,

separately, Caes. B. C. 1, 58, 4; so,

jam antea diversi audistis,

Sall. C. 20, 5; and:

sive juncti unum premant, sive id diversi gerant bellum,

Liv. 10, 25:

diversi dissipatique in omnes partes fugere,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24, 4; cf.:

ex diversa fuga in unum collecti,

Liv. 42, 8:

age diversos et disice corpora ponto,

Verg. A. 1, 70:

diversi consules discedunt,

Liv. 10, 33, 10; 22, 56; Nep. Dat. 11, 3 al.; cf.:

quo diversus abis?

away, Verg. A. 5, 166; 11, 855:

qui (portus) cum diversos inter se aditus habeant, in exitu conjunguntur et confluunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52 fin.; cf. id. Agr. 2, 32, 87; Liv. 40, 22:

in locis disjunctissimis maximeque diversis,

very widely separated, Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 4; so,

loca,

id. ib. 16; Caes. B. G. 2, 22, 1 et saep.—Cf. in the sup.:

diversissimis locis subeundo ad moenia,

Liv. 4, 22:

itinera,

Caes. B. G. 7, 16 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 67, 2:

proelium,

fought in different places, Hirt. B. G. 8, 19, 2 et saep.: sunt ea innumerabilia, quae a diversis emebantur, by various people, individuals (as an indefinite term for persons), Cic. Phil. 2, 37. — Poet., i. q. remotus, remote, far-distant:

Aesar,

i. e. flowing in another, remote country, Ov. M. 15, 23; cf. Verg. A. 3, 4; 11, 261; 12, 621;

708: diverso terrarum distineri,

distance apart, remoteness, Tac. A. 3, 59.—

Trop.

Different, unlike, dissimilar:

varia et diversa genera et bellorum et hostium,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10 fin.; cf.:

variae et diversae et diffusae disputationes,

id. de Or. 3, 16, 61; 1, 61 fin.:

diversa ac dissimilis pars,

id. Inv. 1, 23, 33; cf.:

diversa studia in dissimili ratione,

id. Cat. 2, 5:

flumina diversa locis,

Verg. G. 4, 367; so Ov. M. 1, 40:

oris habitu simili aut diverso,

Quint. 9, 3, 34 al.:

ut par ingenio, ita morum diversus,

Tac. A. 14, 19:

a proposita ratione diversum,

Cic. Brut. 90; cf.:

ab his longe diversae litterae,

Sall. C. 34 fin.; Quint. 4, 1, 9; cf. also id. 2, 10, 7:

huic diversa sententia eorum fuit,

id. 3, 6, 32. —Cf. so with dat., Quint. 2, 3, 10; 3, 10, 3 et saep.—With gen.:

diversa omnium, quae umquam accidere, civilium armorum facies,

Tac. A. 1, 49:

diversa in hac ac supradicta alite quaedam,

Plin. 10, 12, 15, § 32:

eruca diversae est, quam lactuca, naturae,

id. 19, 8, 44, § 154.—

Divided, fluctuating, hesitating, inconsistent:

metu ac libidine divorsus agebatur,

Sall. J. 25, 6:

qui diversus animi modo numen pavescere, modo, etc.,

Tac. H. 4, 84:

diversi fremat inconstantia vulgi,

Tib. 4, 1, 45.— Adv.: dī-verse or dīvorse (acc. to II.), different ways, hither and thither; in different directions (very rarely): corpora prostrata diverse jacebant, scattered, Auct. B. Afr. 40 fin.; so,

pauci paulo divorsius conciderant,

Sall. C. 61, 3:

multifariam diverseque tendere,

Suet. Galb. 19.—

Trop. of the mind:

curae meum animum divorse trahunt,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 25:

ab eodem de eadem re diverse dicitur,

differently, Cic. Inv. 1, 50:

diversissime adfici,

very variously, Suet. Tib. 66:

uti verbo ab alicujus sententia diverse,

in a different meaning, Gell. 6, 17, 9.

ē-rĭgo, rexi, rectum, 3, v. a. [rego], to raise or set up, to erect (very freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

rubrum jubar,

Lucr. 4, 404:

caput,

id. 5, 1208:

ar borem (with extollere),

Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 39:

hominem,

to form erect, id. Leg. 1, 9, 26:

os,

id. ib. 3, 85;

jacentem,

Curt. 7, 3, 17:

hastas,

Liv. 1, 27, 8; 33, 10:

digitum,

Quint. 11, 3, 120:

manus ad tectum,

id. 11, 3, 118; cf.:

scalas ad moenia,

Liv. 32, 14:

agmen in adversum clivum,

to lead up, id. 9, 31 fin.: cf. id. 3, 18; 9, 43; 10, 26; Tac. Agr. 36:

aciem in collem,

id. H. 4, 71:

oculos,

i. e. to raise. Cic. Sest. 31, 68.—

With se, [p. 656] or (more freq., esp. since the Aug. per.) mid., to set one's self up, to rise:

connituntur (pueri), ut sese erigant,

Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42; so,

sese aut sublevare (Alces),

Caes. B. G. 6, 27, 2:

statura breves in digitos eriguntur,

i. e. raise themselves on tiptoe, Quint. 2, 3, 8; cf.:

in ungues,

id. 11, 3, 120:

in armos (equus),

Stat. Th. 6, 502:

in auras,

Ov. M. 3, 43; 15, 512:

sub auras,

Verg. A. 8, 25:

ad sidera (fumus),

id. ib. 9, 214 et saep.— Said of rising ground, Verg. A. 8, 417; Tac. G. 46; cf. under P. a.—

In partic.

To build, construct, erect (rarely):

turres,

Caes. B. C. 1, 26, 1:

saxeas turres,

Flor. 3, 2 fin.:

quis totidem erexit villas,

Juv. 1, 94. —

Milit. t. t., to cause to halt, stop, because of the erect posture assumed:

Albanus erigit totam aciem,

Liv. 1, 27, 6.—

Trop.

In gen., to arouse, excite:

erigite mentes auresque vestras et me attendite,

Cic. Sull. 11, 33; cf.

aures (with animum attendere),

id. Verr. 2, 1, 10:

animos ad audiendum,

id. Ac. 2, 4, 10:

cum res relata exspectatione certaminis senatum erexisset,

had aroused, excited, Liv. 37, 1; cf. under P.a. B. 2.:

aculeos severitatis in rem, etc.,

Cic. Cael. 12, 29:

libertas malis oppressa civilibus extollere jam caput et aliquando se erigere debebat,

id. Planc. 13 fin.:

paululum se erexit et addidit historiae majorem sonum vocis,

id. de Or. 2, 12 fin. —

In partic., to raise up, cheer up, encourage:

erigebat animum jam demissum et oppressum Oppianicus,

Cic. Clu. 21, 58; cf. id. ib. 70, 200; id. Att. 1, 16, 9:

spem,

Tac. H. 4, 71:

illam tu provinciam afflictam et perditam erexisti atque recreasti,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 91; cf.: rempublicam, Pompeius ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, C fin.:

rempublicam ex tam gravi casu,

Liv. 6, 2, 1:

multos populos ad cupidinem novae fortunae,

id. 21, 19:

Germanos ad spem belli, Caesarem ad coercendum,

Tac. A. 2, 25; cf. id. ib. 2, 71; Flor. 3, 18, 3:

Lusitanos,

id. 2, 17, 15:

fiduciam Pori,

Curt. 8, 13, 16:

animos ad spem,

id. 4, 7, 1 et saep.:

non dubito quin tuis litteris se magis etiam erexerit ab omnique sollicitudine abstraxerit,

Cic. Deiot. 14; so,

se,

id. Brut. 3, 12; id. Agr. 2, 32, 87; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1; 1, 3, 5; cf.:

se in spem,

Liv. 3, 1, 2:

se ad spem libertatis,

Just. 11, 1, 2:

se ad imitationem,

Quint. 2, 3, 10.—Mid., Just. 6, 4, 4; 23, 1, 14; Tac. H. 2, 74 fin.; id. A. 2, 71.—Hence, ērectus, a, um, P. a., set up; upright; elevated, lofty.

Prop.:

primum eos (homines) humo excitatos celsos et erectos constituit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 56; cf.:

erectus et celsus status,

ib. Or. 18, 59:

incessus,

Tac. H. 1, 53:

vultus,

Ov. M. 1, 86; and in the comp.:

coxae,

Cels. 7, 16:

viriditas culmo geniculato,

Cic. de Sen. 15:

prorae,

Caes. B. G. 3, 13, 2; cf.:

petra in metae modum,

Curt. 8, 11; and in the comp., Claud. Idyll. 6, 11.— Sup., Jul. Valer. Res Gest. Alex. M. 1, 31.—

Trop.

Elevated, lofty, noble:

celsus et erectus et ea quae homini accidere possunt omnia parva ducens,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 14, 42; cf.

animus (with magnus),

id. Deiot. 13, 36; in the comp.:

erectior homo,

id. Off. 1, 30:

habet mens nostra natura sublime quiddam et erectum et impatiens superioris,

Quint. 11, 1, 16; cf. Tac. Agr. 4.—

In a bad sense, haughty, lofty, Cic. de Or. 1, 40 fin.; cf. id. Font. 11.—

Intent, attentive, on the stretch:

judices,

Cic. Brut. 54, 200; cf.:

suspensique (Horatii),

Liv. 1, 25:

plebs, civitas exspectatione,

id. 2, 54; 3, 47:

vos ad libertatem recuperandam (with ardentes),

Cic. Phil. 4, 5:

mens circa studia,

Quint. 1, 3, 10:

studium in legendo,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 5:

multitudo,

Tac. H. 4, 81; cf.:

erecta in Othonem studia,

lively sympathies, id. ib. 2, 11.— Comp.:

ad agendum erectiores,

Quint. 9, 4, 12.—

Animated, encouraged, resolute:

legiones nostrae in eum saepe locum profectae alacri animo et erecto, unde, etc.,

Cic. de Sen. 20, 75:

nunc vero multo sum erectior,

id. Phil. 4, 1, 2:

erectis animis,

Tac. A. 3, 7.— Adv.: ērectē (acc. to B. 3.), boldly, courageously (late Lat.); in the comp.:

judicare,

Gell. 7, 3 fin.:

loqui,

Amm. 15, 5.

ex-caeco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to blind, make blind (rare).

Lit.: num ergo is excaecat nos aut orbat sensibus? etc., * Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74; Plin. 20, 18, 76, § 200; Flor. 2, 20, 5.—

Transf.

To deprive a plant of the eyes or buds, Col. 11, 3, 45; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 175.—

To stop up a river, a channel, etc., Ov. M. 15, 272; id. Pont. 4, 2, 17; Cels. 7, 7 fin. —

To darken or dull a bright color:

fulgor (argenti) excaecatus,

Plin. 33, 9, 46, § 131.—

Trop.:

oculos animosque (fama),

Petr. 141, 5:

formam,

i. e. to render uncomely, to disfigure, id. 128, 3:

nec accipies munera quae excaecant prudentes,

Vulg. Exod. 23, 8.

ex-ŏlesco, olēvi, ētum, 3, v. inch. n.

To grow out, to attain its full size, grow up.

In gen., so only in the part. perf. exo-letus, a, um, grown up, full grown, mature: exoletus qui excessit olescendi id est crescendi modum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 5, 7 Müll.; cf.:

exoletus qui adolescere (olescere?) id est crescere desiit,

id. p. 80, 12 Müll.:

exoleta virgo,

Plaut. Fragm. in Prisc. p. 872 P.—

In partic., to denote an abandoned youth of ripe age:

scortum exoletum,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 17; cf.:

Clodius, qui semper secum scorta, semper exoletos, semper lupas duceret, etc.,

Cic. Mil. 21, 55; so Mart. 3, 82, 8; Suet. Caes. 49; 76; id. Tib. 43; id. Calig. 24; id. Galb. 22; id. Tit. 7:

remiges,

Tac. A. 15, 37.—

To grow to an end, to stop growing (mostly ante-Aug.; perh. not in Cic.).

Prop.:

multa sunt quae neglegentiā exolescunt et fiunt sterilia,

Col. 2, 18, 3; App. M. 9, p. 232, 17.—

Transf., in gen., to grow out of use, out of date, to become obsolete, to pass away, cease: exolescentes litterae, disappearing, i. e. rubbed off, Suet. Aug. 7:

ne vetustissima Italiae disciplina per desidiam exolesceret,

Tac. A. 11, 15:

rumor validus adeo ut nondum exolescat,

id. ib. 4, 10:

antiquitus instituta,

id. H. 4, 8:

gratia pascui usu continuo,

Col. 7, 3, 20:

cum patris favor haud dum exolevisset,

Liv. 2, 52, 4; cf.:

nondum is dolor exoleverat,

Tac. A. 6, 25:

prima positio vetustate,

Quint. 1, 6, 11:

exolevit fundendi aeris ratio,

Plin. 34, 2, 3, § 5:

Calchedonii in totum,

id. 37, 5, 18, § 72.—In the part. perf.:

scorta,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 12:

exoletum jam vetustate odium,

Liv. 2, 35, 8; cf. id. 27, 8, 9:

mos civitatis (with vetus),

Suet. Galb. 4:

et reconditae voces,

id. Aug. 86:

auctores,

Quint. 8, 2, 12:

histrio,

Vell. 2, 28, 3.— Absol.:

exoleta revocavit, aut etiam nova instituit,

Suet. Claud. 22.

fūcōsus, a, um, adj. [id.], painted, colored, beautified, counterfeit, spurious (Ciceron.):

visae merces, fallaces quidem et fucosae, chartis et linteis et vitro delatae,

Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 40:

vicinitas non assueta mendaciis, non fucosa, non fallax, non erudita artificio simulationis,

id. Planc. 7, 22:

ambitiosae fucosaeque amicitiae,

id. Att. 1, 18, 2.

† fūcus, i, m., = phukos, rock-lichen, orchil, used as a red dye for woollen goods, Lichen roccella, Linn., Plin. 26, 10, 66, § 103 sq.:

ut lana tincta fuco citra purpuras placet,

Quint. 12, 10, 75.—

Transf., red or purple color.

In gen.:

infici vestes scimus admirabili fuco,

Plin. 22, 2, 3, § 3; Hor. C. 3, 5, 28; id. Ep. 1, 10, 27 Orell. ad loc.; Ov. M. 6, 222 al.—

In partic.

Rouge, paint for the complexion:

vetulae, quae vitia corporis fuco occulunt,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 118:

si caeruleo quaedam sua tempora fuco tinxerit,

Prop. 2, 18, 31 (3, 11, 10 M.):

mangones colorem fuco, et rerum robur inani sagina mentiantur,

Quint. 2, 15, 25.—

Dross, alloy, adulteration:

adulteratur (sal) rubrica aut testa trita, qui fucus aqua deprehenditur diluente,

Plin. 31, 7, 42, § 91.—

For propolis (q. v.), the reddish juice with which bees stop up the entrances to their hive, bee-glue, Verg. G. 4, 39. —

Trop., pretence, disguise, deceit, dissimulation:

his tribus figuris insidere quidam venustatis non fuco illitus, sed sanguine diffusus debet color,

Cic. de Or. 3, 52, 199; cf.:

sententiae tam verae, tam novae, tam sine pigmentis fucoque puerili,

id. ib. 2, 45, 188:

fuco ementitus color,

Quint. 8, 3, 6:

in oratoris aut in poëtae cincinnis ac fuco,

Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 100:

mercem sine fucis gestat,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 83:

nec sycophantiis nec fucis ullum mantellum obviam est,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 6:

sine fuco ac fallaciis,

Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1: deum sese in hominem convertisse... fucum factum mulieri, i. e. to deceive, impose upon (vulg.), Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 41:

si eum, qui tibi promiserit, audieris fucum, ut dicitur, facere velle aut senseris,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 35.

in-clūdo, si, sum, 3, v. a. [claudo], to shut up, shut in, confine, enclose, imprison, keep in (class.).—Constr. with in and abl., in and acc., rarely with the simple abl., dat., or absol.

Lit.

With in and abl.:

habemus senatusconsultum inclusum in tabulis, tamquam in vagina reconditum,

Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:

armatos in cella Concordiae,

id. Phil. 3, 12, 31:

in uno cubiculo,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 133:

in curia,

id. Att. 6, 1, 6; 6, 2, 8:

omne animal in mundo intus,

id. Univ. 10:

dum sumus inclusi in his compagibus corporis,

id. de Sen. 21, 77:

consule in carcere incluso,

id. Att. 2, 1, 8; cf.:

avis inclusa in cavea,

id. Div. 2, 35, 73; cf.:

(Animus) inclusus in corpore,

id. Rep. 6, 26:

veriti, ne includerentur vento in hostium orā,

weather-bound on the coast, Liv. 37, 24, 9.—

With in and acc.:

aliquem in custodias,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144:

aliquem in carcerem,

Liv. 38, 59 fin. —

With the simple abl.:

inclusi parietibus,

Cic. Rep. 3, 9; cf.:

aliquem carcere,

Liv. 38, 60, 6:

vim terrae cavernis,

Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79; id. de Sen. 15, 51:

inclusus caveā,

Ov. Ib. 521:

minora castra inclusa majoribus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 66, 5; cf. id. ib. 3, 67 fin.:

grandes zmaragdos auro,

i. e. to set, Lucr. 4, 1127; cf.:

suras auro,

to sheathe, Verg. A. 11, 488; 12, 430:

inclusus carcere nassae,

caught, Juv. 12, 123.—

With dat.:

corpora furtim Includunt caeco lateri,

Verg. A. 2, 19:

publicae custodiae aliquem,

Val. Max. 4, 6, ext. 3.—

Absol., or with acc.:

inclusum atque abditum latere in occulto,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21:

fila numerata porri,

Juv. 14, 133:

intrat positas inclusa per aequora moles,

id. 12, 75:

pars Heracleae incluserunt sese,

Liv. 36, 17, 9;

for which: Aetolorum utraeque manus Heracleam sese incluserunt,

id. 36, 16, 5:

si quis alienum hominem aut pecudem incluserit et fame necaverit,

Gai. Inst. 3, 219.— Poet.:

huc aliena ex arbore germen Includunt,

ingraft, Verg. G. 2, 76. —

Transf.

To obstruct, hinder, stop up (rare, and mostly post-Aug.):

dolor includit vocem,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 48:

consuli primo tam novae rei admiratio incluserat vocem,

Liv. 2, 2, 8:

spiritum,

id. 21, 58, 4; Plin. 11, 37, 84, § 209:

lacrimas (dolor),

Stat. Th. 12, 318:

os alicui insertā spongiā, Sen. de Ira, 3, 10: post inclusum volatum,

Pall. 1, 26, 1; cf. 7, 5, 4.—

To bound, limit:

Asiam in duas partes Agrippa divisit: unam inclusit ab oriente Phrygia... alteram determinavit ab oriente Armenia minore, etc.,

Plin. 5, 27, 28, § 102. —

Trop.

In gen., to include, enclose, insert in any thing.

With in and abl.:

qua de re agitur illud, quod multis locis in jurisconsultorum includitur formulis,

Cic. Brut. 79, 275:

similem sui speciem in clipeo Minervae,

id. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

animorum salus inclusa in ipsa est,

id. ib. 4, 27, 58.—

With in and acc.:

in hujus me tu consilii societatem tamquam in equum Trojanum cum principibus includis?

Cic. Phil. 2, 13, 32:

quam (opinationem) in omnes definitiones superiores inclusimus,

id. Tusc. 4, 7, 15; id. Att. 13, 19, 3:

eos in eam formam,

id. Or. 5, 19: [p. 924] orationem in epistulam, id. Att. 1, 16, 10; id. Q. Fr. 1, 7, 24.—

With abl. (freq. in Liv.):

illa quae mihi sunt inclusa medullis,

Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3; cf. Liv. 36, 17, 11; 6, 8, 9:

oratio libro inclusa,

id. 45, 25, 3:

verba versu includere,

Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 184:

si aperias haec, quae verbo uno inclusa erant,

Quint. 8, 3, 68; 12, 10, 66:

antiquo me includere ludo quaeris,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 3.—

With dat.: topothesian quam postulas, includam orationi meae, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 5; cf. Liv. 45, 25, 3:

quas aureae armillae inclusas gestavit,

Suet. Ner. 6 fin.:

portae,

Val. Max. 5, 6, 3.—

With adv. of place:

intus inclusum periculum est,

Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 11.—

In partic.

Of time, to close, finish, end ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

sic nobis, qui nunc magnum spiramus amantes, Forsitan includet crastina fata dies,

Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 54; cf. Sil. 13, 686:

tempora quae semel Notis condita fastis Inclusit (= consignavit), volucris dies,

Hor. C. 4, 13, 16; so,

hujus actionem (vespera),

Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 18:

mellationem idibus Nov. fere,

Plin. 11, 16, 15, § 42:

omnes potiones aqua frigida,

Cels. 1, 8 fin. —

To restrain, control:

adversus imperatorem, nullis neque temporis nec juris inclusum angustiis,

Liv. 24, 8, 7.

in-sisto, stĭti, 3, v. n., to set foot upon, to stand, tread, or press upon; constr. mostly with dat., also with in and abl. or acc., or the simple acc. (class.).

Lit.

In gen.

With dat.:

nec desunt villae quae secutae fluminis amoenitatem margini insistunt,

Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 6:

ut proximi jacentibus insisterent,

stepped upon them, Caes. B. G. 2, 27:

alternis pedibus,

Quint. 11, 3, 128:

volucres metuunt insistere ramis,

Luc. 3, 407:

vestigiis,

Liv. 25, 33 fin.:

huic (saxo) institerat frustra,

Ov. F. 5, 150:

plantis,

Juv. 6, 96:

clamoso circo,

occupy a place in, id. 9, 144.—

With in and abl.:

insistebat in manu Cereris dextra simulacrum Victoriae,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 110:

cingulus australis, in quo qui insistunt,

id. Rep. 6, 20:

in jugo,

Caes. B. G. 4, 33:

ipse non insistere in terra poterat,

Curt. 7, 7, 6.—

With in and acc.:

in sinistrum pedem,

Quint. 11, 3, 125; cf.:

corvus repente super galeam insistit,

lights, Gell. 9, 11, 7.—

With the simple acc.:

plantam,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:

limen,

to step upon, to tread the threshold, Verg. A. 6, 563:

vestigia nuda sinistri pedis,

id. ib. 7, 690:

primis infans vestigia plantis,

id. ib. 11, 574:

cineres,

Hor. Epod. 16, 11.—

Esp.

To enter on or pursue a way, path, or journey:

cum semel institerunt vestigia certa viaï,

Lucr. 1, 407:

huc an illuc iter,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 11:

omnes itinera insistant sua,

id. Capt. 4, 2, 14:

quam insistam viam,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 3; id. Phorm. 1, 4, 14; Liv. 37, 7, 8.—

In hostile sense, to follow, pursue, press on; with dat.:

effusis hostibus,

Liv. 26, 44, 4:

fugientibus,

id. 27, 13, 4:

contenti non institere cedentibus,

Curt. 8, 11, 18; Nep. Eum. 4.— Pass. impers.:

ut fracto jam Maroboduo, usque in exitium insisteretur,

Tac. A. 2, 62.—

Trop.

In gen., to follow, pursue.

With acc.:

viam domandi,

Verg. G. 3, 164:

rationem pugnae,

plan, Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 3.—

With dat.:

vestigiis laudum suarum,

Liv. 5, 30, 2:

honoribus,

Plin. Ep. 4, 8, 4.—

Esp.

To follow up, pursue an object or enterprise; to press vigorously, apply one ' s self to:

in dolos,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 4:

totus et mente et animo in bellum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 5. — With acc.:

hoc negotium,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 54:

manus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 176.—With dat.:

rebus magnis,

Tib. 4, 1, 135:

perdomandae Campaniae,

Tac. H. 3, 77.—

To set about, devote one's self to, to begin with zeal; with inf.: tribuni orare dictatorem insistunt, ut, etc., Liv. 8, 35, 2:

Appium institit sequi,

id. 25, 19, 8; 24, 26, 11; 24, 46, 1; cf.:

postero die ad spolia legenda foedamque spectandam stragem insistunt,

id. 22, 51, 5:

flagitare senatus institit Coruntum, ut,

Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1. — Absol.:

sic institit ore,

i. e. began to speak, Verg. A. 12, 47; cf.:

sic insistit secumque corde volutat,

i. e. to reflect, think, id. ib. 4, 533.—

To persevere, continue, persist in; with inf.:

credere,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:

tueri,

Nep. Att. 11.—With dat.:

sin crudelitati insisteret,

Tac. A. 16, 25:

spei,

id. H. 2, 46:

caedibus,

id. A. 2, 21:

studiis,

to pursue diligently, Quint. 1, 12, 10:

obsidioni,

Curt. 7, 6, 23:

curae rerum,

Plin. 28, 1, 1, § 2:

funeri,

to set forward, id. 7, 52, 53, § 177. — Absol.:

importune,

to persist, Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 80; Tac. A. 4, 60.—

To press upon, urge; with dat.:

atriensibus ut supellectilem exponant,

Col. 12, 3, 9:

id bellum ipsis institit moenibus,

was at, Liv. 2, 51, 2.— Absol.:

dilataque tempora taedae Institerant,

were at hand, Ov. M. 9, 769:

institit quantum potuit ut illum ex eorum manibus liberaret,

urged, insisted, Aug. in Psa. 63, 4. —

To press upon, repress; and hence, to halt, pause, stop, stand still:

stellarum motus insistunt,

Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 103:

ut non referat pedem, insistet certe,

id. Phil. 12, 3, 8; Tac. A. 4, 60:

quae cum dixisset paulumque institisset,

Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 75; id. Or. 56, 187:

saepe accidit, ut aut citius insistendum sit, aut longius procedendum,

id. ib. 66, 221; so, to pause in thought, hesitate, doubt:

ille in reliquis rebus non poterit eodem modo insistere?

Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 107; 2, 29, 94.—

To dwell upon, delay at, treat or consider at length:

ut si singulis insistere velim, progredi iste non possit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 74, § 172:

insistendum ei (arbori) paulum,

Plin. 13, 16, 30, § 100:

profuit adsidue vitiis insistere amicae,

Ov. R. Am. 315.

inter-mŏrĭor, mortuus sum, 3, v. dep.

To die in secret, perish unobserved, to die off, fall to decay (not in Cic. or Cæs.), Cato, R. R. 161, 3:

radices intermoriuntur,

Plin. 21, 18, 69, § 114:

ignis,

Curt. 6, 6, 31:

civitas,

Liv. 34, 49.—

Trop.

To faint away, to swoon:

ex profluvio sanguinis intermorientes vino reficiendi sunt,

Cels. 5, 26, 25.—

Of roads, to come to an end, stop:

pars (viarum) sine ullo exitu intermoriuntur,

Dig. 43, 7, 3, § 2. —

To be neglected: nullum officium tuum apud me intermoriturum existimas, Bith. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 16.—Hence, intermortŭus, a, um, P. a., dead, faint, lifeless, powerless.

Lit.:

in ipsa contione intermortuus haud multo post exspiravit,

Liv. 37, 53, 10:

diu prope intermortuus jacuit,

Suet. Ner. 42.—

Trop.: gemmae jactatae in ignem, velut intermortuae, exstinguuntur, lose their lustre, Plin. 37, 7, 27, § 99:

contiones,

Cic. Mil. 5, 12:

mores boni plerique omnes jam sunt intermortui,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 7:

Catilinae reliquiae,

Cic. Pis. 7 fin.:

memoria generis sui,

id. Mur. 7, 16 fin.

inter-saepĭo, saepsi, saeptum, 4, v. a.

To fence about, hedge in, stop up, enclose, secure:

foramina intersaepta,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 47:

quaedam operibus,

Liv. 34, 40:

muro intersaepta urbs,

id. 31, 46:

legionem densis arbustis,

Tac. A. 3, 21.—

To shut off, deprive of, take away, cut off:

iter,

Cic. Balb. 18, 43; so,

itinera,

Liv. 6, 9; Amm. 14, 2, 4:

vallo urbem ab arce,

Liv. 25, 11:

alicui conspectum abeuntis exercitus,

id. 1, 27:

incendio intersaepti ab hoste,

id. 42, 63.