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21 ὑποτυπόω
A sketch out, outline, Arist.EN 1098a21, Plb.21.30.6 ([voice] Pass.):—[voice] Med., draft,συγγραφὴν -τυπώσασθαι καὶ γράψαι PSI4.429.10
(iii B. C.).II [voice] Med., ἐν ἀνθρώποις εὐθὺς γιγνομένοις ὑπετυπώσαντο τὴν τῶν ὀνύχων γένεσιν took care to have nails formed in a rudimentary way, Pl.Ti. 76e; ὑποτυπωσάμενος τὴν οὐσίαν.. τί ἐστι having formed a notion of it, Arist. Metaph. 1028b31, cf. Hdn.1.3.5, Philostr.VS1 Prooem.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑποτυπόω
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22 ὑποτύπωσις
A sketch, outline, Str.2.5.18, Ph.2.12, Anon. Lond.7.17, Hermog.Prog.6, Poll.7.128; ὑ. ἕνεκα συγγράμματος draft for a book, Gal.15.760; as Empiric term, Id.8.709, al.; opp. ἐξεργασία, Plot.6.3.7; ὑπογραφάς τε καὶ ὑποτυπώσεις, opp. ὅρους, Stoic.2.76: αἱ Ὑποτυπώσεις was the name given by Sextus Empiricus to his Outlines of the Pyrrhonic Philosophy, cf. D.L.9.78, Gal.Libr. Propr.Praef.: Proclus calls one of his works ἡ ὑ. τῶν ἀστρονομικῶν ὑποθέσεων, Hyp.7.50.3 a Rhet. figure, by which a matter was vividly sketched in words, Quint.Inst.9.2.40.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑποτύπωσις
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23 σχάζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to make an incision, to tear open, to open a vein, to let (the blood) flow, to let something take its course, to release, to drop, to abandon' (Hp., X., Arist. etc.).Other forms: Also σχάω (Hp., com., Arist. a.o.), mostly aor. σχάσαι (Pi., B., Hp., E., com., X., Arist., hell. a. late) with pass. σχασθ-ῆναι, fut. pass. - ήσομαι, act. σχάσω, perf. midd. ἔσχασμαι (in ἐσχασμένη as plantname; Strömberg 43).Derivatives: 1. σχάσις ( ἀπό-, κατά-) f. `the tearing, blood-letting, release' (medic., Ph. Bel.). 2. σχάσμα ( κατά-) n. `incision, release' (Hp., Dsc., Ph. Bel.). 3. κατα-σχασμός m. `draft' (medic.). 4. σχαστήρ = Lat. tendicula (gloss.); κατασ[χ]αστήρ meaning unknown (IG 11: 2, 165, 11 [Delos IIIa]). 5. σχαστηρ-ία f. `trigger, release in mechanisms etc.' (Arist., Ph. Bel., Hero, Plb. etc.; Scheller Oxytonierung 58 n. 4); - ιον n. `lancet' ( Hippiatr.).Etymology: As orig. meaning is above assumed as usual `make an incision, tear open', from where `open, let loose etc.'; the word would be esp. characteristic for the language of the physician. Also a basic meaning `let loose, free v. t.' sceems however possible, while the usual professional expression φλέβα σχάσαι in MLG āderlāten `let (flow) from the vein' would get a direct agreement. -- As the whole formal system is clearly built on the aor. σχάσαι, from which σχάζω, σχάω as well as all other verbal and nominal forms, the etymolog has to start from this. A certain non-Greek agreement has not been found. Since Fick 1, 143 a. 567 σχάω is generally compared (Bq, WP. 2, 541 f., Pok. 919f., W.-Hofmann s. sciō) a.o. with Skt. chyati ( anu-, ava-, vi- etc.), ptc. chā-ta-, chi-tá-, caus. chāy-áyati (IE * skeh₂-, *skh₂i̯-) `split, hurt, esp. of the skin' (on the meaning Hoffmann Münch. Stud. 19, 61 ff., on phonetics Hiersche Ten. asp. 103 f., 214f.). To this semant. certainly unobjectionable connection it should be remarked, that of the Skt. verb non-present finite forms, e.g. the full grade s-aorist a-chā-s-it, occur only in the grammarians. The further combinations (s. the lit. above), e.g. with Lat. sciō, are no less hypothetic. -- So σχάσαι Greek innovation (perh. through cross of σχίσαι and ἐάσαι, χαλάσαι v.t.)? Note that σχ- cannot be directly explained from the assumed IE form.Page in Frisk: 2,835-836Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σχάζω
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24 σχίζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to split, to cut, to separate' (Pi., Hdt., Att. etc.).Other forms: Aor. σχίσ(σ)αι (Od.), pass. σχισθ-ῆναι (P 316), fut. - ήσομαι, act. σχίσω, perf. midd. ἔσχισμαι (hell. a. late).Derivatives: A. With unchanged root-auslaut: 1. σχίδα σχίδος σινδόνος, ῥῆγμα (cod. π-) H. like κλάδ-α acc. sg. (Schwyzer 507); if not Dor. or hell. nom. (Kretschmer Glotta 10, 170); as 2. member in ἀπο-, δια-, παρα-σχίδες pl. (rarely sg. - σχίς) f. `secessions, branchings etc.' (medic. a.o.). 2. σχίδ-αξ, - ᾰκος m. `split wood, piece of wood, splinter' (LXX, D. S. a.o.) with - ακηδόν, ὑπο- σχίζω - ακώδης (medic.); cf. χάραξ, κάμαξ a.o. 3. σχίδος την ἀπόσχισιν H.; but - σχιδής, e.g. in ἀ-, ἀκρο-, νεο- σχίζω (hell. a. late) directly from the verb. 4. σχίδ-ια ὠμόλινα H., Lat. schidia f. sg. `chip of wood' (Vitr.). 5. σχιδανός (as πιθανός) in σχίζω - πους (Arist.) = σχιζό-πους `with split feet, toes' (Arist.). -- B. With altered root-auslaut: 1. σχίζα f. `split wood, piece of wood etc.' (Hom., Ar., pap. a.o.), `shaft, javelin' (LXX,AP); from *σχίδ-ι̯α or adapted to σχίζω (Schwyzer 474); dimin. - ίον n. (Poll., Alciphr.); - ίας m. `lath, lath-like' (Cratin., Dikaiarch., hell. pap. a.o.). 2. σχιστός (ἄ- σχίζω etc.) `split' (Hp., Att.). 3. σχίσις ( ἀπό-, διά- a.o.) f. `split, carving' (Pl., Arist. etc.). 4. σχισ-μός ( δια-, περι-, ὑπο-, ἐν-) m. `id.' (A. Ag. 1149, Delph. inscr., pap. a.o.); - μα (also w. ἀπό-, διά- a.o.) n. `split, tear' (Arist., Thphr. etc.); - μή f. `id.' (LXX, H.); from - σμο-, - σμα or from σχιδ-μ- reshaped (Schwyzer 321 a. 493).Etymology: The above words form a system built on an IE basis, which was richly developed inside Greek. For closer comparison esp. the following form can be used: 1. ἀπο-σχίδ-ες = Skt. apa-chíd- f. `section, clipping'. 2. σχιστός = Lat. scissus (from * scid-to-s), Av. a-sista-; diff. Skt. chinná- (from *chid-ná-). 3. Aor. σχίσαι, - ασθαι: Skt. aor. midd. chit-s-i (cf. the reserved remarks in Schwyzer 751). 4. A trace of the old nasalpresent in Lat. sci-n-dō, Skt. chi-ná-d-mi, pl. chi-n-d-ánti `cut off, split' not retained in σκινδάλαμος etc. s.v.. On the other hand the yod-present σχίζω is isolated and is like the other verbforms notably a Greek. innovation. Against identification of σχίζεται and the Skt. pass. chid-yá-te Wackernagel Unt. 133. Beside σχίζω stands with full grade Lith. skíedžiu `separate, divide'. 5. Independent of σχίσις (innovation; cf. πίστις) is Skt. ví-chitti- `interruption'. -- Further cognates, a.o. Arm. c'tim (from * c'it-im) `tear itself, scratch', for Greek without direct interest, in Bq, WP. 2, 543 f., Pok. 920f., W.-Hofmann s. scindō w. lit. -- Lat. LW [loanword] scheda f. `stroke of papyrus' from *σχίδη (or σχίδα?; s. above A. 1), also `concept' through influence of schedium n. `unprepared speech, draft, scetch' = late- a. NGr. σχέδιον `id.' (on the meaning s. σχέδιος to σχεδόν), σχεδάριον; on this till Ital. schizzo, Fr. esquisse, NHG Skizze; s. Kretschmer Glotta 10, 168 ff. == Other words mentioned by Frisk but not cognate with σχίζω s.vv: σκινδαλ(α)μός, σκινδύλιον, σκιδαρόν, σκοιδ-.Page in Frisk: 2,838-840Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σχίζω
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25 ζεῦγος
ζεῦγος, ους, τό① a team of two draft animals joined by a common frame, yoke, team, ζεῦγος βοῶν (Hom. et al.; Diod S 14, 18, 5; Arrian, Anab. 2, 3, 2; PPetr III, 31, 5 [240 B.C.]; 3 Km 19:21; Job 1:3, 14; 42:12; TestAbr A 2 p. 78, 14 [Stone p. 4]; TestJob 10:5 al.; cp. Jos., Ant. 8, 353; 12, 192) Lk 14:19. Unless the author intends to emphasize that the ten oxen (ζεύγη πέντε) were being sold as well-trained working animals, the term can also have the more general mng. 2 (in both senses it is a loanw. in rabb.).② pair (Aeschyl., Ag. 44; Hdt. 3, 130; X., Oec. 7, 18; OGI 533, 6; 47; POxy 267, 6 [36 A.D.] ἐνωτίων ζ.; BGU 22, 31 [114 A.D.] ζ. ψελλίων) ζ. τρυγόνων a pair of turtle doves Lk 2:24 (Lev 5:11. Of doves also Sb 7814, 21; 24 [256 A.D.]).—DELG s.v. ζεύγνυμι II; Frisk s.v. ζεῦγος. M-M. TW. -
26 λακτίζω
λακτίζω (λάξ adv.: ‘with the foot’; Hom. et al.; Herodas 7, 118; BGU 1007, 7 [III B.C.]; PTebt 798, 15 [II B.C.]; Jos., Ant. 4, 278) kick of draft animals, as a figure for unreasoning resistance: πρὸς κέντρα against the goad of the driver Ac 9:6 v.l.; 26:14 (s. κέντρον 2).—DELG s.v. λάξ. M-M. TW. Spicq. -
27 ἑτεροζυγέω
ἑτεροζυγέω (s. ἕτερος, ζυγός; κτήνη ἑτερόζυγα=draft animals that need different kinds of yokes, because they are of different species [e.g., an ox and a donkey]: Lev 19:19; Philo, Spec. Leg. 4, 203; cp. Jos., Ant. 4, 228.—ἑτερόζυγος is found in a different sense in Ps.-Phoc. 15, and generally = ‘not belonging together’ as early as PCairZen 38, 11 [257 B.C.]) be unevenly yoked, be mismated τινί with someone μὴ γίνεσθε ἑτεροζυγοῦντες ἀπίστοις 2 Cor 6:14 (JFitzmyer, Qumran and 2 Cor 6:14–7:1: CBQ 23, ’61, 271–80, yoking associated with instruction; Straub 6).—DELG s.v. ζεύγνυμι. M-M. TW. Spicq.
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