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LIV

  • 1 liv

    литьё, отливка

    Slovensko-ruski slovar > liv

  • 2 bàjati

    bàjati Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `tell'
    Page in Trubačev: I 138-139, 161-162
    Church Slavic:
    bajati (RuCS) `tell fables' [verb]
    Russian:
    bajati (dial.) `speak' [verb]
    Ukrainian:
    bájati `tell, narrate, practise sorcery' [verb]
    Czech:
    bajeti `chat, tell fables' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    báti `speak, invent' [verb]
    Polish:
    bajać `narrate (fables, fairy-tales)' [verb]
    Upper Sorbian:
    bać `narrate (fables, fairy-tales)' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bȁjati `practise sorcery, exorcize' [verb]
    Slovene:
    bájati `talk idly, prophesy, practise sorcery' [verb], bájam [1sg], bájem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    bája `talk about, say magic chants' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰeh₂-
    IE meaning: speak
    Page in Pokorny: 105
    Other cognates:
    Gk. φημί `say' [verb];
    Dor. φα̑μί `say' [verb];
    Lat. fārī `say' [verb];
    OE bōian `brag' [verb] \{1\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Lith. bóti `draw attention to', which has an older variant dbóti, is a borrowing from Slavic, cf. Pl. dbać `(take) care' (Fraenkel I: 53). According to LIV (181), OE bō(ia)n might continue *ǵʰu̯eH- `call', which seems dubious.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bàjati

  • 3 čàjati

    čàjati Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a
    Page in Trubačev: IV 10-11
    Old Church Slavic:
    čajati `expect, thirst for, hope for' [verb], čajǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    čájat' `expect, hope for' [verb], čáju [1sg], čáet [3sg] \{1\}
    Serbo-Croatian:
    čȁjati `wait' [verb]
    Slovene:
    čȃjati `wait' [verb], čȃjem [1sg]
    Indo-European reconstruction: kweh₁i-e/o-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 636
    Comments: Its has been a matter of dispute (see LIV s.v. * kʷei-) whether or not the root contains a laryngeal. Even though Dybo (1968: 205, 234, 236) classifies čajati as (c), it seems to me that the evidence warrants the reconstruction of AP (a), which in my framework implies the former presence of a laryngeal.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. cā́yati `perceive, observe' [verb];
    Gk. τίω `esteem, respect highly' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Also AP (a) in Old Russian, with traces of (c) (Zaliznjak 1985: 133).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > čàjati

  • 4 dojìti

    dojìti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `give milk, milk'
    Page in Trubačev: V 53-54
    Old Church Slavic:
    doiti `breast-feed, nurse' [verb], dojǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    doít' `milk' [verb], dojú [1sg], doít [3sg];
    doít' (dial.) `give milk (cow), suckle (calf)' [verb]
    Czech:
    dojiti `milk' [verb]
    Slovak:
    dojit' `milk, give milk' [verb]
    Polish:
    doić `milk, (arch., dial. ) give milk' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dòjiti `breast-feed, suckle, give milk' [verb], dòjīm [1sg];
    Čak. dojȉti (Vrgada) `breast-feed, suckle, give milk' [verb], dojĩš [2sg];
    Čak. dojȉt (Orbanići) `suckle, breast-feed' [verb], dojĩ [3sg]
    Slovene:
    dojíti `breast-feed, give milk, milk' [verb], dojím [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    dojá `breast-feed, give milk, milk' [verb]
    Page in Pokorny: 241
    Comments: The straightfoward analysis * dʰoiH₁-eie meets with several difficulties. In the first place, one would rather expect * dʰoH₁i-eie in view of forms such as Latv. dêt `suck', where we are dealing with an unextended root. This reconstruction would yield * dajati, however. Skt. dáyati `suckle', has been analyzed as * dʰh₁-eie (see LIV: 142), where the same analysis is applied to OSw. dīa), but this reconstruction cannot account the Slavic form. Klingenschmitt (1982: 148) has suggested for both Slavic *dojìti and Go. daddjan that the formation is built on the present stem, i.e. *dʰ(h₁)éie gave rise to *dʰoi̯éi̯e.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. dháyati `suck' [verb];
    Go. daddjan `breast-feed' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dojìti

  • 5 drāžìti

    drāžìti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b? Proto-Slavic meaning: `incite, provoke'
    Page in Trubačev: V 104-105
    Old Church Slavic:
    razdražiti `incite (against), provoke' [verb], razdražǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    drážit' (dial.) `tease' [verb], drážu [1sg], drážit [3sg];
    dražít' (dial.) `tease' [verb], dražú [1sg], dražít [3sg] \{1\}
    Old Czech:
    drážiti `tease, annoy, incite' [verb]
    Slovak:
    drážit' (dial.) `irritate' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    drážiti `annoy, provoke' [verb], drȃžim [1sg];
    Čak. drå̄žȉti (Vrgada) `annoy, provoke' [verb], drå̃žiš [2sg];
    Čak. drōžȉt (Hvar) `annoy, provoke' [verb], dróžin [1sg]
    Slovene:
    drážiti `annoy, provoke, incite' [verb], drážim [1sg]
    Comments: LIV reconstructs * dʰroh₂gʰ-eie-, connecting dražiti with Gk. θρᾱσσω, ταράσσω `stir up'. In view of the accentuation of the verb, this is problematic.
    Notes:
    \{1\} In the Pskov region, where both drážit' and dražít' are attested, a variant dorožit' seems to have been recorded as well. I am inclined to regard this as a hypercorrection.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > drāžìti

  • 6 drobìti

    drobìti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `crumble, crush'
    Page in Trubačev: V 119
    Old Church Slavic:
    droběi (Supr.) `crushing' [pprsa]
    Church Slavic:
    drobiti `crumble, chop, break' [verb]
    Russian:
    drobít' `crush' [verb], drobljú [1sg], drobít [3sg]
    Czech:
    drobiti `crumble, chop, crush' [verb]
    Slovak:
    drobit' `crumble, chop, crush' [verb]
    Polish:
    drobić `crumble' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dròbiti `crush, crumble' [verb], drȍbīm [1sg];
    Čak. drobȉti (Vrgada) `crush, crumble' [verb], drobĩš [2sg];
    Čak. drobȉt (Vrgada) `pulverize, crush' [verb], drobĩn [1sg]
    Slovene:
    drobíti `crumble, mince' [verb], drobím [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    drobjá `crumble' [verb]
    Certainty: -
    Page in Pokorny: 272
    Comments: LIV (153) reconstructs * dʰreb- on the basis of Germanic forms such as OIc. drepa `beat, kill', OHG treffan `hit'. Since this proto-form is in conflict with Winter's law, I reconstruct *dʰrobʰ-eie- for Slavic. The discrepancy between Slavic may have something to do with the fact that the etymon is of non-Indo-European origin or Kluge's law may have played a role.
    Other cognates:
    Go. gadraban `cut out' [verb] \{1\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Unless this is a mistake for gagraban.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > drobìti

  • 7 ernь

    ernь Grammatical information: f. i
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Old Russian:
    renь `hatred, malice, spite' [f i]
    Lithuanian:
    er̃nis `wolverine' [m io] 2
    Comments: Young (2001: 163-164) links Lith. er̃nis `wolverine' to ORu. renь `hatred, malice, spite' and derives these words from Pokorny's root * er- `sich in Bewegung setzen, erregen (auch seelisch, ärgern, reizen' (IEW 326-327). LIV (238, 303) distinguishes between * h₁er- `wohin gelangen, geraten' and * h₃er- (299) `sich in (Fort-)bewegung setzen'. Formally * ertь may only belong to the former root, which is semantically less attractive, but it should be noted that the distinction between the roots is not always clear.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ernь

  • 8 majati

    majati; mavati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `wave, beckon'
    Page in Trubačev: XVII 133-135, XVIII 21-22
    Old Church Slavic:
    namaiaaxǫ (Supr.) `beckoned' [3pl ipf]
    Church Slavic:
    pomavati (RuCS) `give a signal with one's hand or head' [verb]
    Russian:
    májat' `exhaust, harass' [verb];
    mavat' (dial.) `wave' [verb]
    Old Russian:
    majati `beckon, agitate, vibrate' [verb];
    pomavati `give a signal with one's hand or head' [verb]
    Czech:
    mávati `wave' [verb]
    Slovak:
    mávat' `wave' [verb]
    Lower Sorbian:
    mawaś `wave, rock' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȁjati `beckon, keep, detain' [verb]
    Slovene:
    májati `move about, shake' [verb], májam [1sg], májem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    mája `dawdle, detain' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: maH-
    Lithuanian:
    móti `beckon' [verb]
    Latvian:
    mãt `beckon' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: meh₂-
    IE meaning: beckon
    Page in Pokorny: 693
    Comments: It is clear that *majati and *mavati continue one and the same verb, j and v being "Hiatustilger". While majati `to beckon' cannot be separated from Lith. móti, Latv. mãt `id.', majati `to detain, to tire, to exhaust' has been linked to Germanic forms like OHG muoan and Go. afmauiʮs (cf. Stang 1972: 35). The respective roots in Pokorny are mā- (693) and mō- (746). If we assume that *majati indeed continues *meh₂- as well as *meh₃- (LIV: 382), we have to settle for semantic arguments. Since it is also possible to argue on semantic grounds that *majati ultimately continues *meh₂- `to beckon' only (Trubačëv XVII 134), it is to a certain extent a matter of choice which solution one prefers.
    Other cognates:
    Go. afmauiʮs `tired' [ppp];
    OHG muoan `alarm, worry' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > majati

  • 9 mavati

    majati; mavati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `wave, beckon'
    Page in Trubačev: XVII 133-135, XVIII 21-22
    Old Church Slavic:
    namaiaaxǫ (Supr.) `beckoned' [3pl ipf]
    Church Slavic:
    pomavati (RuCS) `give a signal with one's hand or head' [verb]
    Russian:
    májat' `exhaust, harass' [verb];
    mavat' (dial.) `wave' [verb]
    Old Russian:
    majati `beckon, agitate, vibrate' [verb];
    pomavati `give a signal with one's hand or head' [verb]
    Czech:
    mávati `wave' [verb]
    Slovak:
    mávat' `wave' [verb]
    Lower Sorbian:
    mawaś `wave, rock' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȁjati `beckon, keep, detain' [verb]
    Slovene:
    májati `move about, shake' [verb], májam [1sg], májem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    mája `dawdle, detain' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: maH-
    Lithuanian:
    móti `beckon' [verb]
    Latvian:
    mãt `beckon' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: meh₂-
    IE meaning: beckon
    Page in Pokorny: 693
    Comments: It is clear that *majati and *mavati continue one and the same verb, j and v being "Hiatustilger". While majati `to beckon' cannot be separated from Lith. móti, Latv. mãt `id.', majati `to detain, to tire, to exhaust' has been linked to Germanic forms like OHG muoan and Go. afmauiʮs (cf. Stang 1972: 35). The respective roots in Pokorny are mā- (693) and mō- (746). If we assume that *majati indeed continues *meh₂- as well as *meh₃- (LIV: 382), we have to settle for semantic arguments. Since it is also possible to argue on semantic grounds that *majati ultimately continues *meh₂- `to beckon' only (Trubačëv XVII 134), it is to a certain extent a matter of choice which solution one prefers.
    Other cognates:
    Go. afmauiʮs `tired' [ppp];
    OHG muoan `alarm, worry' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mavati

  • 10 màkъ

    màkъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `poppy'
    Page in Trubačev: XVII 149-151
    Church Slavic:
    makъ `poppy' [m o]
    Russian:
    mak `poppy' [m o], máka [Gens]
    Czech:
    mák `poppy' [m o]
    Slovak:
    mak `poppy' [m o]
    Polish:
    mak `poppy' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȁk `poppy' [m o], mȁka [Gens], màka [Gens];
    Čak. mȁk (Vrgada) `poppy' [m o], makȁ [Gens]
    Slovene:
    màk `poppy' [m o], máka [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    mak `poppy' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ?
    Lithuanian:
    aguonà `poppy' [f ā] 2;
    mãguonė (dial.) `poppy' [f ē] 1 \{1\}
    Latvian:
    maguône `poppy' [f ē] \{2\} \{3\}
    Old Prussian:
    moke (EV) `poppy' [f]
    IE meaning: poppy
    Certainty: -
    Page in Pokorny: 698
    Comments: The Germanic forms show grammatischer Wechsel as well as an alternation *ā: a. The vocalism, which could reflect PIE *eh₁: h₁, does not match the ā of the Greek and the Slavic forms, which leads us to assume that the vowel alternation arose when at a comparatively late stage the root māk- was borrowed into Germanic (cf. Kluge 1989, 484). The Lithuanian and Latvian forms are usually considered borrowings from Germanic, whereas OPr. moke may have been borrowed from Polish. The Estonian and Livonian forms must be borrowings from Baltic, probably Latvian. It is generally agreed upon that ultimately we are dealing with a word of non-Indo-European (Mediterranean?) origin.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. μήκων `poppy' [f];
    Dor. μά̑κων `poppy' [f];
    OHG māho `poppy'
    ;
    OHG mago `poppy'
    ;
    OS magosāmo `poppyseed'
    ;
    OS mēcopin (Königsberg) `poppy'
    ;
    OSw. valmoghe `poppy'
    \{4\};
    Est. magun `poppy;
    Liv. maggon `poppy'
    Notes:
    \{1\} Besides, we find the variants maguona and magūna. The forms with m are restricted to the area around Klaipėda. \{2\} I have found the variants magùona2, magana, magane and magūne. \{3\} The initial m of the word for `poppy' was apparently lost in Lithuanian but not in Latvian. The Lithuanian dialect forms with m- may be due to the influence of the (Latvian) language of the fishermen of the Couronian Isthmus (cf. Būga RR III: 320). Sabaliauskas suggests dissimilatory loss of m, parallel to the loss of r in arotai: rarotai, akrūtas: rakrūtas, Latv. ruodere: uodere, ūk̨eris (1960, 71-72). \{4\} The first element means `sleep', cf. Nw. dial. vale `deep sleep', Sw. dial. valbjörn `Schlafdorn'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > màkъ

  • 11 mъlva

    mъlva Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `speech'
    Page in Trubačev: XX 225-226
    Old Church Slavic:
    mlъva `tumult, commotion' [f ā]
    Russian:
    molvá (obs.) `rumour, talk' [f ā]
    Belorussian:
    móva `language, speech' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    móva `language, speech' [f ā]
    Czech:
    mluva `speech' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    mluva (lit.) `speech' [f ā]
    Polish:
    mowa `speech' [f ā]
    Slovincian:
    mu̯ova `speech' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    mălvá `rumour, noise, racket' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: mluH-eh₂
    Comments: I am not convinced that a vocalization *ml̥u̯H-V- would be out of the question ( LIV s.v. *mleu̯h₂).
    Other cognates:
    Skt. brávīti `speak, say'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mъlva

  • 12 pȗstъ

    pȗstъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `empty, desolate'
    Old Church Slavic:
    pustъ `empty, desolate' [adj o]
    Russian:
    pustój `empty, deserted' [adj o]
    Czech:
    pustý `empty, desolate' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    pustý `empty, desolate' [adj o]
    Polish:
    pusty `empty, desolate' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    pȗst `empty' [adj o], pústa [Nomsf];
    Čak. pȗst (Vrgada, Hvar) `empty' [adj o], pūstȁ [Nomsf], pȗsto [Nomsn]
    Slovene:
    pȗst `empty, desolate' [adj o]
    Bulgarian:
    pust `empty, desolate, poor' [adj o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: poustos
    Old Prussian:
    pausto `wild' [adj]
    Indo-European reconstruction: pous-to-??
    Comments: If the root were *pe/oh₂u- ( LIV s.v.), we would expect fixed stress on an acute syllable.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > pȗstъ

  • 13 rāčìti

    rāčìti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `wish, want'
    Old Church Slavic:
    račiti `wish, want' [verb], račǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    ráčit' (dial.) `be zealous, wish, want' [verb];
    račít' (dial.) `be zealous, wish, want' [verb]
    Czech:
    ráčiti `wish, want, (lit.) deign' [verb]
    Slovak:
    ráčit' `deign' [verb]
    Polish:
    raczyć `deign' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    ráčiti se `(+D) feel like' [verb], rȃčī se [3sg];
    Čak. rå̄čȉti se (Vrgada) `(+D) feel like' [verb], rå̃či se [3sg]
    Slovene:
    ráčiti `wish, want, deign, (se ) please' [verb], rȃčim [1sg]
    Indo-European reconstruction: rōk-eie-?
    Comments: LIV hesitantly suggests an iterative *rōk-i̯e- (secondarily *- eie-) of * rek- `ordnen, festlegen, bestimmen'. According to Vaillant (III: 434), we are dealing with a borrowing from Gmc. * rōkija- `care about', cf. OIc. rǿkja.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > rāčìti

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  • liv´en|er — liv|en «LY vuhn», transitive verb. to make more lively; put life into; cheer up: »A brisk discussion livened the dull conversation. –v.i. to become more lively; brighten. –liv´en|er, noun …   Useful english dictionary

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