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1 σοφία
A cleverness or skill in handicraft and art, as in carpentry, τέκτονος, ὅς ῥά τε πάσης εὖ εἰδῇ ς. Il.15.412; of the Telchines, Pi.O.7.53; ἡ ἔντεχνος ς., of Hephaestus and Athena, Pl.Prt.32 1d; of Daedalus and Palamedes, X.Mem.4.2.33, cf. 1.4.2; in music and singing, τέχνῃ καὶ ς. h.Merc. 483, cf. 511; in poetry, Sol.13.52, Pi.O.1.117, Ar.Ra. 882, X.An.1.2.8, etc.; in driving, Pl. Thg. 123c; in medicine or surgery, Pi.P.3.54; in divination, S.OT 502 (lyr.); ; σ. δημηγορική, δικανική, ib. 365d; ἡ περὶ Ὁμήρου ς. Id. Ion 542a;οὐ σοφίᾳ ἀλλὰ φύσει ποιεῖν Id.Ap. 22b
;σημαίνοντες τὴν ς..., ὅτι ἀρετὴ τέχνης ἐστίν Arist.EN 1141a12
: rare in pl., Pi.O.9.107, Ar.Ra. 676 (lyr.), IG12.522 (vase, v B.C.).2 skill in matters of common life. sound judgement, intelligence, practical wisdom, etc., such as was attributed to the seven sages, like φρόνησις, Thgn.790, 876, 1074, Hdt.1.30,60; ἡ τῶν δεινῶν ς., opp. ἀμαθία, Pl.Prt. 360d; τὴν τότε καλουμένην σ., οὖσαν δὲδεινότητα πολιτικὴν καὶ δραστήριον σύνεσιν Plu.Them.2
; also, cunning, shrewdness, craft, Hdt.1.68, etc.; τὸ λοιδορῆς αι θεοὺς ἐχθρὰ ς. Pi.O. 9.38.3 learning, wisdom, ; opp. ἀμαθία, ib. 22e; freq. in E., e.g.μόρσιμα.. οὐ σοφίᾳ τις ἀπώσεται Heracl. 615
(lyr.); τὸ σοφὸν οὐ σοφία (v.σοφός 1.3
) Ba. 395 (lyr.), etc.; freq. in Arist., speculative wisdom, EN 1141a19, Metaph. 982a2, 995b12 (pl.), 1059a18; defined as θείων τε καὶ ἀνθρωπίνων ἐπιστήμη, Stoic.2.15; but also of natural philosophy and mathematics,σ. τις καὶ ἡ φυσική Arist.Metaph. 1005b1
, cf. 1061b33.
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