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1 επόθην
πίνωAër.aor ind pass 3rd pl (epic doric aeolic)πίνωAër.aor ind pass 1st sgποθέωlong for: imperf ind act 3rd pl (epic doric aeolic)ποθέωlong for: imperf ind act 1st sg (epic) -
2 ἐπόθην
πίνωAër.aor ind pass 3rd pl (epic doric aeolic)πίνωAër.aor ind pass 1st sgποθέωlong for: imperf ind act 3rd pl (epic doric aeolic)ποθέωlong for: imperf ind act 1st sg (epic) -
3 επόθην
παθ. αόρ. от πίνω -
4 πίνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to drink'Other forms: Aeol., also Dor. (Call. Cer. 95) πώνω, fut. πίομαι, aor. ἔπιον, πιεῖν (all Hom.; later πεῖν), ipv. πῖθι (com. a.o.), Aeol. πῶθι, pass. ἐπόθην with fut. ποθήσομαι, perf. act. πέπωκα (all Att.), midd. πέπομαι (Od.); besides as causat. πιπίσκω, fut. πίσω, aor. πῖσαι, πισθῆναι, also w. προ-, ἐν-, συν- a.o. `give to drink, water' (Pi., Hp., Nic.).Derivatives: Many derivv. (condensed survey): A. From the zero grade πο-, most with τ-sufflx: 1. ποτόν n. `beverage' (Il.), ποτός `drinkable' (trag., Th.; ἔμποτος Aret.), πότος m. `drinking, beverage' (Att., Theoc.); from this πότ-ιμος `drinkable, fresh, pleasant' (IA; Arbenz 50f.), - ικός `inclined towards drinking etc.' (Alc. com., Plu.), most συμ- πίνω `belonging to the bacchanalia, pot companion' (Att.: συμπό-της, - σιον, s. v.); - ίζω, Dor. - ίσδω, also with προ- a.o., `to make drink, to drench' (IA., Theoc.) with - ισμός, - ισμα, - ιστές, - ιστήριον, - ιστρίς, - ίστρα. 2. ποτή f. `drink, draught' (pap.) gen. a. acc. - ῆτος, - ῆτα (Hom.; metr. enlerged, orig. at verse-end; Schwyzer 529 w. n. 1 a. lit.; not haplolog. from *ποτο-τη-τος, - τη-τα with Fraenkel Gnomon 21, 40 a.o.); πότ-ημα n. `(medical) drink' (medic.; enlarged form, Chantraine Form. 178). 3. πόσις f. (also w. προ-, κατα- a.o. in diff. senses) `drinking, drink, bacchanalia' (Il.) with πόσιμος `drinkable' (pap. IVp, Ps.-Callisth.; cf. πότιμος above); πόμα s.v. 4. ποτήρ m. `drinking cup' (E.), - ήριον n. `id.' (Aeol. IA.); πότης m. `drinker' (only in πότης λύχνος Ar. Nu. 57), f. πότις (com.); both from the usual compp., e.g. συμπό-της (Pi.), οἰνο-πό-της, - τις (Anacr. etc.), disjoined? (Leumann Mus. Helv. 2, 12 = Kl. Schr. 226); superl. ποτίστατος (Ar. a.o.); to this derivv. like συμπόσ-ιον `bacchanalia' (Pi., Alc.), καταπότ-ιον `pill' (medic.; καταπότης `throat' H., Suid.); οἰνοποτ-ά-ζω `to drink wine' (Hom.). 5. καταπό-θρα f. `(region of the) throat' (Paul. Aeg.). -- B. From the full grade: πῶμα n. `draught, drink, beverage' (Att.), ἔκπω-μα n. `drinking ware' (IA.), beside πόμα ( πρό-, κατά-, ἔκ- πίνω) n. `id.' (Pi., Ion. hell.); ἔκπωτις = ἄμπωτις ( Cat. Cod. Astr.); εὔπωνος ὄμβρος εὔποτος H., γακου-πώνης ἡδυπότης H. -- C. From the zero grade πῑ-: 1. πίστρα f., πῖστρα n. pl. `drinks' (E. Kyk., Str.), also πισμός, πιστήρ, πιστήριον H.; with analog. - σ- as 2. πιστός `drinkable, fluid' (A.; after χριστός, Leumann Mus. Helv. 14, 79 = Kl. Schr. 264), πιστικός `id.' (Ev. Marc., Ev. Io.); 3. Boeot. πιτεύω `to drench, to water' with ἀ-πίτευτος `unwatered' (Thespiae IIIa), from a noun *πῑτ(ο)-; cf. below. To be rejected Brugmann IF 39, 149 ff. (to πίων, OCS pitati `to feed' etc.); cf. Benveniste BSL 51, 29 f. w. lit.Etymology: The above system developed on the basis of an IE starting point independently inside Greek. From the imperatives πῖ-θι and πῶ-θι we can conclude to two athematic root-aorists *ἔ-πῑ-ν and *ἔ-πω-ν; to the latter provides Skt. á-pā-m (with pā-hí = πῶ-θι) an exact agreement: IE *é-peh₃-m. As zero grade was pī- in the plur. at home: IE *é-piH-me, which in Skt. was replaced by full grade á-pā-ma but in Greek πῖθι left a trace; note further OCS 2. a. 3. sg. aor. pi. Further, in Greek the athemat. forms wer replaced by the themat. ἔ-πι-ον with generalized zero grade. The origin of the form piH- is not well known. The shortvocalic subj. of this root-aorist lives on in fut. πί-ο-μαι (like ἔδ-ο-μαι; s. ἔδω); to the aorist still the nasal prsesents πί-ν-ω and πώ-ν-ω; cf. ἔ-δῡ-ν: δύ̄-ν-ω. To *ἔ-πῑ-ν was formed the factitive ἔ-πῑ-σα `I gave to drink' after ἔ-στη-ν: ἔ-στη-σα, ἔ-φῡν: ἔ-φῡ-σα a.o.; to this the reduplicated pres. πι-πί-σκω (cf. δι-δά-σκω: δα-ῆναι, βι-βά-σκω: ἔ-βη-σα: ἔ-βη-ν). The strongly spread zero grade πο- ( πέποται, ἐπόθην, πόσις usw.) is a Greek innovation after δο- ( δέδοται, ἐδόθην, δόσις). The perf. act. πέ-πω-κα agrees with Skt. pa-páu, but can also have been created newly to *ἔ-πω-ν. The nominal stem πῑτ- in πιτεύω is inherited and is found also in Skt. pī-tá- `drunk(en)', pī-ti ́'drinking, drink'. The 2. member in εὔ-πωνος and γακου-πώνης agrees with Skt. pā́-na-m n. `drink'. In ablaut deviating are πο-τήρ `drinking cup' (only E.; οἰνο-ποτῆρας acc. pl. θ 456 metr. for - πότας) and Skt. pā-tár- 'drinker', comparable πό-σις and pī-tí- (s. ab.); rather parallel innovations than old inherited material. -- Among the remaining many representatives of this family we mention only the reduplicated zero grade themat. pres. Sk. pí-b-ati, Lat. bi-b-ō, OIr. 2. pl. ipv. i-b-id (phonetically in detail uncertain) and the Lat. nouns pō-tus, pō-culum. (The Skt. caus. pāy-áyati goes back on *po-i-ei̯-, not a full grade *pōi̯-) -- On the histoy of the Greek forms s. Leumann Mus. Helv. 14, 75ff. (= Kl. Schr. 260ff.); further material of the other languages with rich lit. in WP. 2, 71 f., Pok. 839 f., W.-Hofmann s. bibō, Mayrhofer s. píbati and pā́ti 2. -- On ἄμπωτις and πῖνον s. v.Page in Frisk: 2,540-542Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πίνω
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5 πίνω
πίνω, fut. πίομαι, welche Form Pind. Ol. 6, 86 als praes. gefaßt wird, von Arist. an gew. πιοῠμαι, was sich schon Xen. Conv. 4, 7 findet, vgl. Lob. Phryn. p. 31 u. Ath. X, 446 d; aor. ἔπιον, πιεῖν, ep. πιέειν, πιέμεν, imperat. πίε, Od. 9, 347, wie Eur. Cycl. 560, gew. πῖϑι, Ar. Vesp. 1489, s. Ath. a. a. O.; die übrigen tempp. werden von ΠΟΩ gebildet, πέπωκα, πέπομαι, ἐπόϑην (vgl. auch πιπίσκω); – trinken, von Menschen u. Thieren; Hom. oft mit essen verbunden, ἐσϑιέμεν καὶ πινέμεν, Od. 2, 305, πῖνε καὶ ἦσϑε, 16, 441 u. oft; πίνεσκεν, Il. 16, 226; αἴ κε πίῃσϑα, Il. 6, 260; gew. c. acc., auch πίνειν κρητῆρας οἴνοιο, 8, 232, wie wir sagen: eine Flasche Wein trinken (so κύλικα Luc. Tox. 63); aber auch c. gen. partit. des Weines, von Etwas trinken, Od. 11, 96. 15, 373. 22, 11; προςανέα πίνοντας, Pind. P. 3, 52; übtr., πέπωκεν αἷμα γαῖα, Aesch. Spt. 803, wie πιοῦσα κόνις μέλαν αἷμα πολιτᾶν Eum. 935, u. öfter, die Erde trinkt, saugt das Blut, wie bei andern Tragg., vgl. Soph. O. R. 1401 O. C. 128; πέπωκα, Eur. Cycl. 534. 584; Ar. oft, πῖν' ἐπὶ ξυμφοραῖς, Equ. 404; in Prosa auch von der Erde, die Regen u. andere Feuchtigkeiten einsaugt, Her. 3, 117. 4, 198; οἱ τὰ φάρμακα πίνοντες παρὰ τῶν ἰατρῶν, Plat. Gorg. 467 c, u. öfter; δειπνήσαντάς τε καὶ πιόντας εὖ μάλα, Phaed. 116 e; ὅ, τι τε ἐδεστέον ἢ ποτέον, Prot. 314 a; ἐκ φιαλῶν, Xen. Cyr. 5, 3, 3; auch ἔπινον ἐν κερατίνοις, An. 5, 9, 4, nach Krüger, wofür Ath. XI, 476 c, die Stelle anführend, den bloßen dat. hat; Sp. – [Ι ist in πίνω stets lang, dah. Strat. 96 (IX, 19) richtig καὶ πίε für καὶ πῖνε geschrieben; im fut. bald lang, bald kurz, ep. gew. lang, πιόμενος Il. 13, 493 Od. 19, 160, wie Ar. Equ. 1289. 1401; vgl. Theogn. 956 u. 1125; bei den Comic. gew. kurz, vgl. Ath. X, 446 d XI, 783 e 471 a XIII, 570 d; im aor. außer πῖϑι immer kurz.]
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6 πινω
(ῑ) (fut. πίομαι, aor. 2 ἔπιον, pf. πέπωκα; эп. impf. iter. πίνεσκον, эп. inf. πινέμεν(αι); pass.: aor. ἐπόθην, pf. πέπομαι)1) пить, выпивать(οἶνον Plat. и οἴνοιο Hom.; π. ἀπὸ ποταμοῦ Xen. и π. ποταμοῦ Luc.)
π. ἐξ ἀργυρίου Xen. — пить из серебряного сосуда;φάρμακον π. παρὰ τοῦ ἰατροῦ Plat. — пить прописанное врачем лекарство;π. πρὸς ἡδονήν Plat. — пить для удовольствия;π. εἰς μέθην Plat. — пить допьяна;ὡς εἴδομεν πίνοντά τε καὴ πεπωκότα Plat. — когда мы увидели, что (Сократ) пьет и что он уж выпил (яд)2) пить, осушать(κρατῆρας οἴνοιο Hom.; ποτήριον NT.)
3) впитывать, поглощать, всасывать(πέπωκεν αἷμα γαῖα Aesch.; γῆ ἥ πιοῦσα τὸν ὑετόν NT.)
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7 πίνω
(αόρ. ήπια и έπιον, παθ. αόρ. (ε)πιόθηκα и επόθην) 1. αμετ.1) пить;πίνω εις υγείαν — пить за здоровье (кого-л.)' 2) выпивать (вино и т. п.);
2. μετ.1) пить;πίνω νερό — пить воду;
πίνω τό φάρμακο — принимать лекарство;
θα σού πιω το αίμα я ещё попью твоей кровушки, я тебе отомщу;2) впитывать; поглощать (тж. перен.); τό σφουγγάρι πίνει το νερό губка впитывает воду;§ πίνω τσιγάρο — курить;
ήπια το ποτήρι ως τον πάτο или επιον το ποτήριον μέχρι τρύγος я выпил (эту горькую) чашу до дна;ήπιε πολλά φαρμάκια он пережил много горя -
8 πίνω
πίνω [pron. full] [ῑ], [dialect] Ep. inf. πινέμεναι and - έμεν, Il.4.346, Od.7.220: [dialect] Ion. [tense] impf.Aπίνεσκον Il.16.226
: [tense] fut.πίομαι 13.493
, Thgn.962, A.Ch. 578, S. OC 622, Ar.Eq. 1289, 1401, Fr. 311; later , Ael.VH12.49, etc.; also as f.l. in earlier authors,πιεῖσθαι Hp.Int.12
,πιεῖσθε X.Smp.4.7
, but rejected by Phryn.23, Ath.10.446d; [ per.] 2sg. , Ev.Luc.17.8: [tense] aor. ἔπῐον, [dialect] Ep.πίον Il.22.2
, etc.; [ per.] 2sg. subj.πίῃσθα 6.260
; imper.πίε Od.9.347
, Men.151, Carm.Pop. 33, (ἐκ-) E.Cyc. 563, Orph.Fr.32 b iii; alsoπῖθι Cratin.141
, Ion Trag. 27, Ar.V. 1489, Amips.18, Antiph.163.1, etc., (ἔκ-) E.Cyc. 570; πίει, πίεις, Kretschmer Griech. Vaseninschr.p.195; inf.πιεῖν Od.8.70
, Hdt. 4.172, etc.; later [var] contr.πεῖν AP11.140
(Lucill.), Mim.Oxy.413.66, PMag.Lond.121.738, PFlor.101.8 (i A. D.), etc.; [dialect] Ep.πῐέμεν Od.15.378
,πιέειν Il.4.263
, πιέναι f.l. for ὑπιέναι in Hp.Epid.5.18; part. πῐών, πῐοῦσα, Il.24.102, etc.,πῐέουσα Hp.Epid.7.11
:—[voice] Med., subj.πινώμεθα Hermipp.25
; imper. : [full] πίομαι [pron. full] [ῑ] as [tense] pres. [voice] Med., Ibyc.17 (s.v.l.), Pi.O.6.86, and so ἐκπίομαι [ῑ] Ar.Ach. 199, ἐμπίομαι [ῐ] Thgn.1129 ([voice] Pass. in AP5.43 (Rufin.)):—[voice] Pass., Od.20.312, Hp.Aër. 9, etc.: [dialect] Ep.[tense] impf.πίνετο Od.9.45
.—Other tenses are from πω- or πο-, [tense] pf. , etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. ποθήσομαι ( κατα-) Ar.V. 1502, (ἐκ- ) Plu.2.240e: [tense] aor. ἐπόθην (ἐξ-) A.Ch.66, ( κατ-) Pl.Criti. 111d: [tense] pf. inf.πεπόσθαι Thgn.477
: [dialect] Aeol. [tense] pres. [full] πώνω Alc.20,52, Supp.20.3: [tense] aor. imper. πῶθι, τῶ, EM698.52. [[pron. full] ῑ always in πίνω. πίνομαι; ῐ always in [tense] aor. ἔπιον, hence πίε must be read for πῖνε in AP11.19 (Strat.), and ἔπῑνον for ἔπιον in Anacreont.5.5: Hom. hasἐθέλουσι δὲ πῑέμεν ἄμφω Il.16.825
, cf. Od.18.3; butκαὶ φαγέμεν πῐέμεν τε 15.378
; in imper. πῖθι, ῑ always.—In [tense] fut.πίομαι Hom.
and Trag. use [pron. full] ῑ, Il.13.493, A.Ch. 578, S.OC 622, cf. Thgn.962, Ar.Eq. 1289, 1401, Fr. 311; but [pron. full] ῐ in lon Lyr.2.10 (nisi leg. πιέτω), (ἐκ-) Pl.Com.9, Amips.22; also in later Poetry, AP11.8,25.5 (Apollonid.); for [tense] pres. [voice] Med. πίομαι, v. supr.]: — drink, freq. from Hom. downwds., c. acc., π. οἶνον, ὐρόν, αἷμα, etc., Od.15.391, 17.225, S.OC 622, etc.; π. ὕδωρ Αἰσήποιο drink its water, i.e. live on its banks, Il.2.825, cf. Pi.O.6.86 ([voice] Med.): c. gen. partit., drink of a thing,π. οἴνοιο Od.22.11
; εἰς οἶνον.., ἔνθεν ἔπινον whereof.., 4.220;αἵματος ὄφρα πίω 11.96
, cf. 15.373; also πίνειν κρητῆρας οῐνοιο to drink bowls of wine, Il.8.232;κύπελλα ὄνου 4.346
; π. ἀπὸ κρήνης drink of a spring, Thgn.959 (but ); π. ἀπ' αὐτοῦ (sc. δέπαος) αἴθοπα οἶνον from it, Il.16.226;δέπα ἔνθεν ἔπινον Od.19.62
;ἐκ κεράμων μέθυ πίνετο Il.9.469
;ἐκ τῆς χειρὸς διδοῖ πιεῖν Hdt.4.172
;ἐκ ταὐτοῦ.. ποτηρίου Ar.Eq. 1289
;ἐξ ἀργύρου ἢ χρυσοῦ Pl. R. 417a
;ἀπὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ X.Cyr.4.5.4
; σκύφος ᾧ περ ἔπινεν with which.., Od.14.112; π. κερατίνοις ποτηρίοις v.l. in X.An.6.1.4; τὰ φάρμακα π. παρὰ τοῦ ἰατροῦ draughts sent by him, Pl.Grg. 467c.2 abs., drink,ἐσθιέμεν καὶ πινέμεν Od.2.305
;ὁ πῖνε καὶ ἦσθε 5.94
, 6.249, cf. Il.24.476, etc.; μῆλα πιόμεν' ἐκ βοτάνης going to drink after pasture, 13.493;πρὸς βίαν πώνην Alc.20
;πῖνε, πῖν' ἐπὶ συμφοραῖς Simon.14
;π. πρὸς ἡδονήν Pl.Smp. 176e
; ;διδόναι πιεῖν Cratin.124
;πιεῖν αἰτεῖν X.Cyr.8.3.41
; τινὶ πιεῖν ἐγχέας ib.1.3.9;πιεῖν τις ἡμῖν ἐγχεάτω Philem.9
: in [tense] pf. πέπωκα, to be drunk, E.Cyc. 536; πίνοντά τε καὶ πεπωκότα drinking and having finished drinking, Pl.Phd. 117c.III metaph., drink up, as the earth does rain, τὸ ὕδωρ, ὄμβρον, Hdt.3.117,4.198;πιοῦσα κόνις μέλαν αἷμα A.Eu. 979
(lyr.), cf. Th. 736 (lyr.), 821, S.OT 1401; of plants, X.Smp.2.25; of a lamp,π. τοὔλαιον Luc.Cat.27
;λύχνος.. πολλὰ πιὼν μέλη AP5.196
(Mel., dub. l.). (I.-E. pōy- and pī-, cf. Skt. pāy-áyati 'cause to drink', pīti- 'a drink', Lat. pōtus, etc.) -
9 ἐγκαταπίνομαι
A to be swallowed up, of a ship, Ph.1.670: metaph. of persons, Id.2.300, al.; to be absorbed, immersed, Dam.Pr.67.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐγκαταπίνομαι
См. также в других словарях:
ἐπόθην — πίνω Aër. aor ind pass 3rd pl (epic doric aeolic) πίνω Aër. aor ind pass 1st sg ποθέω long for imperf ind act 3rd pl (epic doric aeolic) ποθέω long for imperf ind act 1st sg (epic) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)