חתם

מַפּוֹלֶת, מַפֹּלֶתf. (נָפַל) 1) dropping, throwing seed. Arakh.25a כור זרע … במ׳ יד we assess the value of a field by the quantity of seed … which it takes when strewing with the hand, opp. to מ׳ שוורים strewing from a perforated bag or wagon drawn by oxen; B. Mets. 105b; a. e.Y.Ber.III, 6c bot. במפלת יד with one and the same throw. 2) falling in, debris. Ber.3a, sq. you must not enter a ruined building for prayer מפני המ׳ because it may fall in. Y.Sabb.XVI, 15d top מצילין … מיד המ׳ we must save (on the Sabbath) … persons buried under debris. Pes.II, 3 חמץ שנפלה עליו מ׳ leavened matter covered with debris; a. fr. 3) (= מַפָּלָה) downfall. Y.Ber.V, beg.8d במ׳ של מחריביו חתם Jeremiah dosed with prophesying the downfall of the destroyers of the Temple; (Midr. Till. to Ps. 4 כמַפַּלְתָּן).

סָתַם(b. h.; = סחתם, Saf. of חתם) 1) to stop up, close, shut. Ab. Zar. V, 3 כדי שישתום ויִסְתּוֹם ויגוב, v. נָגַב. B. Mets.VII, 5 שלא יהא … ויהא סוֹתֵם את הפתחוכ׳ that he (the laborer) must not be greedy so as to shut the door before himself (make himself objectionable to employers). Ḥull.43a, a. e. מרה שניקבה וכבד סוֹתַמְתָּהּ if the bladder of the gall is perforated, and the liver (adhering to the perforated spot) closes it up. Ib. 49b חלב טהור סותם clean fat (such as it is permitted to eat) forms a stopper (to an adjacent organ, and makes the animal so affected permitted). Pes.IV, 9 (56a) ס׳ מי גיחוןוכ׳ he stopped up the water of the upper Gihon (2 Chr. 32:3); a. fr.Part. pass. סָתוּם; f. סְתוּמָה; pl. סְתוּמִים, סְתוּמִין; סְתוּמוֹת. Yeb.71b; Nidd.30b; Lev. R. s. 14 נפתח הס׳ ונסתםוכ׳ the organ which (in the embryonic stage) was closed, opens, and that which was open, closes itself. Bets.IV, 3 בית … ס׳ a room filled with fruit which was closed up (with bricks). Y. ib. 62c bot. לפסים ס׳ pots with their lids on (not yet cut apart); Tosef. ib. III, 13; Tosef.Sabb. XVI (XVII), 13. Snh.94a (ref. to לסרבה, Is. 9:6) מפני מה כל מ״ם … וזה ס׳ why is every Mem in the middle of a word open, and this one is closed (final Mem). Meg.3a פתוחין … וס׳ בסוףוכ׳ open in the middle of words and closed at the end (v. מנצפ״ך); a. fr.Esp. פרשה סתומה a paragraph in the Torah separated from the preceding by a vacant space in the middle of the line, opp. to פתוחה a section beginning a new indented line. Gen. R. s. 96, beg., v. infra. Treat. Sofrim I, 14 איזוהי ס׳ כל שהניחוכ׳ what is a closed paragraph? When space is left ; וכמה יניח … ותהא נקראת ס׳ and how much space must be left …, in order that the paragraph may be called closed?; a. fr. 2) to conceal. Gen. R. l. c. (ref. to the section beginning with Gen. 47:28) that paragraph is closed, שס׳ ממנווכ׳ because the Lord concealed from his vision all (coming) troubles; (Yalk. ib. 154 שנסתמו ממנו, v. infra); a. e.Part. pass. as ab. concealed, not explicitly stated, opp. מפורש. Zeb.53a יִלָּמֵד ס׳ מן המפורש let that which is not explicitly stated in a law be derived (by analogy) from what is explicitly stated; Sifra Aḥăré, beg. יְלַמֵּד פתוח על הס׳ let the explicit statement throw light on the implicit. Meg.15a כל … אבותיו ס׳ a person (mentioned in the Bible) whose deeds and the deeds of whose ancestors are not stated; a. fr.Y. Bets. l. c. (in Chald. dict.) סתומה the anonymous opinion, v. סְתָמָא. Nif. נִסְתַּם, Hithpa. הִסְתַּתֵּם, Nithpa. נִסְתַּתֵּם to be closed; to be concealed; to be silenced. Gen. R. l. c. בקש … ונ׳ ממנו Jacob wanted to reveal the end of the captivity, and it was closed before him; Yalk. ib. l. c. נִסְתְּמוּ ממנו, v. supra. Cant. R. to I, 4 היה אומר … ומִסְתַּתְּמִין he said a word (of charm) over them, and they became silent (dumb). Snh.31b לעולם … עד שיִסְתַּתֵּם טענותיו (Alf. שיִסְתּוֹם; Asheri שיסתיר) he may continually bring evidence and refute, until he declares himself closed as to his pleas, i. e., until he declares that he has no more evidence to offer. Yeb.76a; Tosef. ib. X, 4, a. e. נ׳ כשר if the perforation in the membrum has closed itself again, he is considered unblemished. Kel. XIV, 8 נִסְתַּתְּמוּ נקבין if the holes have been stopped up. Snh.94a לכך נ׳ therefore the Mem was closed (the final מ was written). Sot.13b נסתתמו ממנו שעריוכ׳ the gates of wisdom were closed before him (he lost his judicial judgment); a. e. Pi. סִיתֵּם to close, Y.Snh.X, 28c bot. היו … מְסַתְּמִיןוכ׳ the ministering angels closed the windows (of heaven) that the prayer of Manasseh might not rise; Deut. R. s. 2; (Pesik. Shub., p. 162b> סוֹתְמִין).

סָתַם(b. h.; = סחתם, Saf. of חתם) 1) to stop up, close, shut. Ab. Zar. V, 3 כדי שישתום ויִסְתּוֹם ויגוב, v. נָגַב. B. Mets.VII, 5 שלא יהא … ויהא סוֹתֵם את הפתחוכ׳ that he (the laborer) must not be greedy so as to shut the door before himself (make himself objectionable to employers). Ḥull.43a, a. e. מרה שניקבה וכבד סוֹתַמְתָּהּ if the bladder of the gall is perforated, and the liver (adhering to the perforated spot) closes it up. Ib. 49b חלב טהור סותם clean fat (such as it is permitted to eat) forms a stopper (to an adjacent organ, and makes the animal so affected permitted). Pes.IV, 9 (56a) ס׳ מי גיחוןוכ׳ he stopped up the water of the upper Gihon (2 Chr. 32:3); a. fr.Part. pass. סָתוּם; f. סְתוּמָה; pl. סְתוּמִים, סְתוּמִין; סְתוּמוֹת. Yeb.71b; Nidd.30b; Lev. R. s. 14 נפתח הס׳ ונסתםוכ׳ the organ which (in the embryonic stage) was closed, opens, and that which was open, closes itself. Bets.IV, 3 בית … ס׳ a room filled with fruit which was closed up (with bricks). Y. ib. 62c bot. לפסים ס׳ pots with their lids on (not yet cut apart); Tosef. ib. III, 13; Tosef.Sabb. XVI (XVII), 13. Snh.94a (ref. to לסרבה, Is. 9:6) מפני מה כל מ״ם … וזה ס׳ why is every Mem in the middle of a word open, and this one is closed (final Mem). Meg.3a פתוחין … וס׳ בסוףוכ׳ open in the middle of words and closed at the end (v. מנצפ״ך); a. fr.Esp. פרשה סתומה a paragraph in the Torah separated from the preceding by a vacant space in the middle of the line, opp. to פתוחה a section beginning a new indented line. Gen. R. s. 96, beg., v. infra. Treat. Sofrim I, 14 איזוהי ס׳ כל שהניחוכ׳ what is a closed paragraph? When space is left ; וכמה יניח … ותהא נקראת ס׳ and how much space must be left …, in order that the paragraph may be called closed?; a. fr. 2) to conceal. Gen. R. l. c. (ref. to the section beginning with Gen. 47:28) that paragraph is closed, שס׳ ממנווכ׳ because the Lord concealed from his vision all (coming) troubles; (Yalk. ib. 154 שנסתמו ממנו, v. infra); a. e.Part. pass. as ab. concealed, not explicitly stated, opp. מפורש. Zeb.53a יִלָּמֵד ס׳ מן המפורש let that which is not explicitly stated in a law be derived (by analogy) from what is explicitly stated; Sifra Aḥăré, beg. יְלַמֵּד פתוח על הס׳ let the explicit statement throw light on the implicit. Meg.15a כל … אבותיו ס׳ a person (mentioned in the Bible) whose deeds and the deeds of whose ancestors are not stated; a. fr.Y. Bets. l. c. (in Chald. dict.) סתומה the anonymous opinion, v. סְתָמָא. Nif. נִסְתַּם, Hithpa. הִסְתַּתֵּם, Nithpa. נִסְתַּתֵּם to be closed; to be concealed; to be silenced. Gen. R. l. c. בקש … ונ׳ ממנו Jacob wanted to reveal the end of the captivity, and it was closed before him; Yalk. ib. l. c. נִסְתְּמוּ ממנו, v. supra. Cant. R. to I, 4 היה אומר … ומִסְתַּתְּמִין he said a word (of charm) over them, and they became silent (dumb). Snh.31b לעולם … עד שיִסְתַּתֵּם טענותיו (Alf. שיִסְתּוֹם; Asheri שיסתיר) he may continually bring evidence and refute, until he declares himself closed as to his pleas, i. e., until he declares that he has no more evidence to offer. Yeb.76a; Tosef. ib. X, 4, a. e. נ׳ כשר if the perforation in the membrum has closed itself again, he is considered unblemished. Kel. XIV, 8 נִסְתַּתְּמוּ נקבין if the holes have been stopped up. Snh.94a לכך נ׳ therefore the Mem was closed (the final מ was written). Sot.13b נסתתמו ממנו שעריוכ׳ the gates of wisdom were closed before him (he lost his judicial judgment); a. e. Pi. סִיתֵּם to close, Y.Snh.X, 28c bot. היו … מְסַתְּמִיןוכ׳ the ministering angels closed the windows (of heaven) that the prayer of Manasseh might not rise; Deut. R. s. 2; (Pesik. Shub., p. 162b> סוֹתְמִין).

קְרִיאָה, קְרִיָּיהf. (קָרָא) 1) call. Sifra Vayikra, Par. 1 (ref. to Lev. 1:1) הקדים ק׳ לדיבור the Lord sent the call in advance of the speech. Ib. על כל ק׳ הוא אומר הנני to every call he responded with ‘here am I. Deut. R. s. 11, beg. חתם יצחק בק׳ Isaac closed his blessings with a call (Gen. 28:1); אני … אלא בק׳ I will commence with a call (ib. 49:1); a. fr. 2) reading esp. from the Scriptures. (קְרִיַּת) קְרִיאַת שמע (abbrev. ק״ש), or ק׳ (sub. שמע) the recitation of Shmʿa (Deut. 6:4–9; 11:13–21; Num. 15:37–41) in the morning and in the evening prayer. Ber.13b מצות ק׳ the duty of reciting, contrad. to מצות כונה, v. כַּוָּנָה. Ib. זוק״ש שלר׳וכ׳ this (the verse Deut. 6:4) was all that E. Judah han-Nasi read (when engaged in teaching); a. fr.V. שְׁמַע II. קריאת המגלה the recitation of the Book of Esther. Meg.I, 4; a. fr.Ib. 14a קְרִיָּיתָהּ זו הלילא (not קרייתא), v. הַלֵּלָא.Macc.18b הראויין לק׳ those first-fruits which are fit for reciting over them (Deut. 26:3 sq.); a. fr.Pl. קְרִיאוֹת, קְרִיּוֹת. Deut. R. s. 4, beg. מהו לקרות … בק׳ הרבה how about reading ‘the reproofs (תּוֹכָחָה) by several calls (by calling I up several persons successively). Ib. אם יקראו … ק׳ הרבהוכ׳ if they do read … by several calls, each called-up person should not recite the benediction before and after Cmp. קְרוּיוֹת.

קְרִיאָה, קְרִיָּיהf. (קָרָא) 1) call. Sifra Vayikra, Par. 1 (ref. to Lev. 1:1) הקדים ק׳ לדיבור the Lord sent the call in advance of the speech. Ib. על כל ק׳ הוא אומר הנני to every call he responded with ‘here am I. Deut. R. s. 11, beg. חתם יצחק בק׳ Isaac closed his blessings with a call (Gen. 28:1); אני … אלא בק׳ I will commence with a call (ib. 49:1); a. fr. 2) reading esp. from the Scriptures. (קְרִיַּת) קְרִיאַת שמע (abbrev. ק״ש), or ק׳ (sub. שמע) the recitation of Shmʿa (Deut. 6:4–9; 11:13–21; Num. 15:37–41) in the morning and in the evening prayer. Ber.13b מצות ק׳ the duty of reciting, contrad. to מצות כונה, v. כַּוָּנָה. Ib. זוק״ש שלר׳וכ׳ this (the verse Deut. 6:4) was all that E. Judah han-Nasi read (when engaged in teaching); a. fr.V. שְׁמַע II. קריאת המגלה the recitation of the Book of Esther. Meg.I, 4; a. fr.Ib. 14a קְרִיָּיתָהּ זו הלילא (not קרייתא), v. הַלֵּלָא.Macc.18b הראויין לק׳ those first-fruits which are fit for reciting over them (Deut. 26:3 sq.); a. fr.Pl. קְרִיאוֹת, קְרִיּוֹת. Deut. R. s. 4, beg. מהו לקרות … בק׳ הרבה how about reading ‘the reproofs (תּוֹכָחָה) by several calls (by calling I up several persons successively). Ib. אם יקראו … ק׳ הרבהוכ׳ if they do read … by several calls, each called-up person should not recite the benediction before and after Cmp. קְרוּיוֹת.

קְרִיאָה, קְרִיָּיהf. (קָרָא) 1) call. Sifra Vayikra, Par. 1 (ref. to Lev. 1:1) הקדים ק׳ לדיבור the Lord sent the call in advance of the speech. Ib. על כל ק׳ הוא אומר הנני to every call he responded with ‘here am I. Deut. R. s. 11, beg. חתם יצחק בק׳ Isaac closed his blessings with a call (Gen. 28:1); אני … אלא בק׳ I will commence with a call (ib. 49:1); a. fr. 2) reading esp. from the Scriptures. (קְרִיַּת) קְרִיאַת שמע (abbrev. ק״ש), or ק׳ (sub. שמע) the recitation of Shmʿa (Deut. 6:4–9; 11:13–21; Num. 15:37–41) in the morning and in the evening prayer. Ber.13b מצות ק׳ the duty of reciting, contrad. to מצות כונה, v. כַּוָּנָה. Ib. זוק״ש שלר׳וכ׳ this (the verse Deut. 6:4) was all that E. Judah han-Nasi read (when engaged in teaching); a. fr.V. שְׁמַע II. קריאת המגלה the recitation of the Book of Esther. Meg.I, 4; a. fr.Ib. 14a קְרִיָּיתָהּ זו הלילא (not קרייתא), v. הַלֵּלָא.Macc.18b הראויין לק׳ those first-fruits which are fit for reciting over them (Deut. 26:3 sq.); a. fr.Pl. קְרִיאוֹת, קְרִיּוֹת. Deut. R. s. 4, beg. מהו לקרות … בק׳ הרבה how about reading ‘the reproofs (תּוֹכָחָה) by several calls (by calling I up several persons successively). Ib. אם יקראו … ק׳ הרבהוכ׳ if they do read … by several calls, each called-up person should not recite the benediction before and after Cmp. קְרוּיוֹת.

קְרִיאָה, קְרִיָּיהf. (קָרָא) 1) call. Sifra Vayikra, Par. 1 (ref. to Lev. 1:1) הקדים ק׳ לדיבור the Lord sent the call in advance of the speech. Ib. על כל ק׳ הוא אומר הנני to every call he responded with ‘here am I. Deut. R. s. 11, beg. חתם יצחק בק׳ Isaac closed his blessings with a call (Gen. 28:1); אני … אלא בק׳ I will commence with a call (ib. 49:1); a. fr. 2) reading esp. from the Scriptures. (קְרִיַּת) קְרִיאַת שמע (abbrev. ק״ש), or ק׳ (sub. שמע) the recitation of Shmʿa (Deut. 6:4–9; 11:13–21; Num. 15:37–41) in the morning and in the evening prayer. Ber.13b מצות ק׳ the duty of reciting, contrad. to מצות כונה, v. כַּוָּנָה. Ib. זוק״ש שלר׳וכ׳ this (the verse Deut. 6:4) was all that E. Judah han-Nasi read (when engaged in teaching); a. fr.V. שְׁמַע II. קריאת המגלה the recitation of the Book of Esther. Meg.I, 4; a. fr.Ib. 14a קְרִיָּיתָהּ זו הלילא (not קרייתא), v. הַלֵּלָא.Macc.18b הראויין לק׳ those first-fruits which are fit for reciting over them (Deut. 26:3 sq.); a. fr.Pl. קְרִיאוֹת, קְרִיּוֹת. Deut. R. s. 4, beg. מהו לקרות … בק׳ הרבה how about reading ‘the reproofs (תּוֹכָחָה) by several calls (by calling I up several persons successively). Ib. אם יקראו … ק׳ הרבהוכ׳ if they do read … by several calls, each called-up person should not recite the benediction before and after Cmp. קְרוּיוֹת.

שָׁתַםone (b. h.; Shaf. of חתם; cmp. סָתַם) to unseal, open, esp. to bore a hole through a vessel in order to get wine out by means of a tube. Ab. Zar. V, 3, sq. כדי שיִשְׁתּוֹם ויסתוםוכ׳ time sufficient to bore a hole, and close it again, v. נָגַב; a. e.

שָׁתַםone (b. h.; Shaf. of חתם; cmp. סָתַם) to unseal, open, esp. to bore a hole through a vessel in order to get wine out by means of a tube. Ab. Zar. V, 3, sq. כדי שיִשְׁתּוֹם ויסתוםוכ׳ time sufficient to bore a hole, and close it again, v. נָגַב; a. e.