πλῶσαι

πλέω

sail: aor imperat mid 2nd sg (epic ionic)

πλέω

sail: aor inf act (epic ionic)

πλέω

sail: aor imperat mid 2nd sg (epic ionic)

πλέω

sail: aor inf act (epic ionic)

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to swim', aor. etc. (ep. Ion. Il.) also `to sail, to go by sea' (beside pres. πλέω; on πλώω: πλέω Bechtel Dial. 3, 196ff., 208).

Other forms: Aor. πλῶ-ναι ( ἐπ-έπλων etc., Hom., Hes.), πλῶσαι (Γ 47: ptc. ἐπι-πλώσας; Hdt., Arr.), fut. πλώσ-ομαι (Hdt.), -ω (Lyc.), perf. πέπλωκα (Hdt., Lyc.; also E. Hel. 532 and Ar. Th. 878 [parody]),

Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. ἐπι-, ἐκ-, κατα-, παρα-.

Derivatives: Prob. all derivv. are from Ion. (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 3 f.). Adj. 1. πλω-τός ( πρόσ-, ἔκ-πλώω) `swimming, navigable' (κ 3 [on the explanation Giusti Il. mondo class. 7, 63ff.], Hp., Hdt., Arist.) with - τίς f. approx. `raft' (Demetr. Astrol.), - τεύομαι `to be navigated, cruised' (Plb.); 2. πλω-τικός `seafaring' (hell.); 3. - σιμος `navigable, seaworthy' (S., Diogenian.), rather from πλῶσαι than from *πλῶσις; thus πλώ-ϊμος beside and for πλόϊμος (s. on πλέω w. lit.). Subst. 4. κατάπλω-σις f. `home-coming by sea' (Herod.); 5. πλωτήρ m. `sailor' (rare in E., Ar., Pl., often in Arist. etc.), `swimmer' (Opp., Nonn.); 6. πλω-άδες, -ϊάδες (Thphr.), - ίδες (A. R.) f. pl. `swimming, flowing'; also 7. πλώς, pl. πλῶτες name of a fish, = κεστρεύς, if prop. "swimmer" (cf. Thompson Fishes s. πλῶτα); but δακρυπλώειν (τ 122) not denomin. from *δακρυ-πλώς, but after δάκρυ χέων, χέουσα built as univerbation; cf. Leumann Hom. Wörter 36 w. n. 1 a. lit. 8. Verb: πλω-ΐζω (- ῴζω) `to go by sea' (Hes., Th.) with -ϊσις f. `seafaring' (Just.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [835] * pleu- or a root * pleh₃-

Etymology: The above forms are not unambiguous. The aorist ἔπλων ( ἐπ-έπλων, ἀπ-έπλω a. o.) agrees with ἔγνων and so looks most like an athem. root-aorist (ptc. ἐπιπλώς Z 291 false for - πλούς?); to this as innovations ἔπλωσα-(ἔγνων: Skt. ájñāsam) and πλώω (cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 365)? Or the other way round (with Schwyzer 743 n.5 [asking]): ἔπλων secondary to older ἔπλωσα and this orig. to πλώω? In the first alternative we have no reason to keep ἔπλων etc. together with πλέω; in the second πλώω from *πλώϜ-ω is taken as lengthened deverbative (e.g. Schwyzer 722 and 349); to this analog. the other forms (cf. Schwyzer 346). The same lengthened grade is found in the Slav. iterative, e.g. OCS plavati, Russ. plávatь `swim (to and fro)'. A correspondent of πλω- however gives Germ. in OWNo. flōa, OE flōwan (w secondary) with Goth. flodus m. ' ποταμός (would be Gr. *πλω-τύς) a. o.; this too can go back on a reduplicated (?) IE * plō[u̯]-. If one decides for original πλω- from IE * plō- (* pleh₃-), this could be in ablaut with πλη- in πίμ-πλη-μι (Brugmann-Thumb 325 a. 327) [I see no reaon for this argumentation; I see no basis for a form * ploh₁-] which fits semantically worse than πλέω with πλώω. Frisk prefers explanation from *πλώϜ-ω. So either from a root * pleh₃-, or from a langthened grade deverbative *plōu̯-. -- Cf. πλέω, also πλύνω.

Page in Frisk: 2,565-566

πλέω, [dialect] Ep. [full] πλείω Od.15.34, 16.368: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.

A

ἀπ-έπλειον 8.501

: also [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. [full] πλώω (v. infr.): [dialect] Att. [var] contr. imper.

πλεῖ E.Tr. 102

(anap.): [tense] fut.

πλεύσομαι Od.12.25

, Il.11.22 ([etym.] ἀνα-), Hdt.2.29, Th.6.104, etc.; later

πλευσοῦμαι SIG402.27

(Chios, iii B. C.), found in codd. of Th.1.143, 8.1, ([etym.] ἐπες-) Id.4.13, ([etym.] συνεκ-) Lys.13.25, ([etym.] ἀπο-) Pl.Hp.Ma. 370d, 371b, ([etym.] συμ-) Isoc.17.19, etc.; [dialect] Dor.

πλευσοῦμαι Theoc.14.55

; but [ per.] 3pl.

πλεύσονται GDI5120

B11,13 (Crete, iii B. C.);

πλεύσω Philem. 116

(S.V.l.), Plb.2.12.3, AP11.162 (Nicarch.), 245 (Lucill.), OGI572.30 (Lycia, ii/iii A.D.), etc.: [tense] aor. 1

ἔπλευσα A.Ag. 691

(lyr.), etc.: [tense] pf.

πέπλευκα S.Ph. 404

, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. πλευσθήσομαι ([etym.] περι-) Arr.An.5.26.2: [tense] aor. ἐπλεύσθην ib.6.28.6, Babr.71.3: [tense] pf.

πέπλευσμαι X.Cyr.6.1.16

, D.56.12: Hom. uses only [tense] pres., [tense] impf., and [tense] fut. πλεύσομαι (v. supr.).—Of the [dialect] Ion. [full] πλώω, Hom. uses opt.

πλώοιεν Od.5.240

, part. ἐπι-πλώων ib. 284,

πλώων h.Hom.22.7

: [tense] impf.

πλῶον Il.21.302

; also shortd. [tense] aor. ἔπλων, ως, ω, part. πλώς, in the compds. ἀπ-έπλω, ἐπ-έπλως, part. ἐπιπλώς, παρέπλω; and Hes. has ἐπ-έπλων; the [tense] pres., [tense] impf., and [tense] fut. forms occur as vv.ll. in Hdt., inf.

πλώειν 4.156

, part.

πλωούσας 8.10

,22,42: [tense] impf. ἔπλωον ib.41; Iterat.

πλώεσκον Q.S.14.656

: [tense] fut. πλώσομαι ([etym.] ἀπο-) Hdt.8.5 (

πλώσω Lyc.1044

); but the [tense] aor. 1 forms are read in Hdt.,

ἔπλωσα 4.148

; inf.

πλῶσαι 1.24

; part.

πλώσας 4.156

, 8.49 (also once in Hom. in compd.

ἐπι-πλώσας Il. 3.47

): [tense] pf.

παρα-πέπλωκα Hdt.4.99

; πέπλωκα occurs E.Hel. 532, Ar. Th. 878 (paratrag.).—Only εε and εει are contracted in [dialect] Att. ( πλέει is f.l. in Th.4.28, and πλέετε v.l. in X.An.7.6.37). [Hom. uses πλέων as monosyll.,

πλέων ἐπὶ οἴνοπα πόντον Od.1.183

]:—sail, go by sea,

Λακεδαίμονος ἐξ ἐρατεινῆς Il.3.444

;

Ἰλιόθεν 14.251

;

ἐπὶ Κέρκυραν Th. 1.53

;

εὐθὺ Λέσβου X.HG1.2.11

; π. ἐπὶ [σῖτον] to fetch it, Id.Oec.20.27;

ἐπί τι IG12.105.9

; μετὰ [νάκος] Pi.P.4.69;

εἰς Ἐρέτριαν ἐπ' ἄνδρας Pl. Mx. 240b

; more fully,

ἐνὶ πόντῳ νηῒ θοῇ πλείοντες Od.16.368

;

νηῒ.. πλέων ἐπὶ οἴνοπα πόντον Il.7.88

;

πλέεν.. ποντοπορεύων Od.5.278

;

ἐν τῇ νηΐ Pl.R. 341d

; ἐν τῇ θαλάττῃ ib. 346b;

ἐπλέομεν βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ Od.14.253

;

αὔρᾳ A.Ag. 691

(lyr.): c. acc. cogn., πλεῖθ' ὑγρὰ κέλευθα sail the watery ways, Od.3.71;

πλεῖν τὴν θάλατταν And.1.137

, Lys.6.19, Isoc.8.20, Antiph.100:—[voice] Pass., τὸ πεπλευσμένον [πέλαγος] X.Cyr.6.1.16, cf. Babr.71.3;

πλεῖται ἡ θάλασσα Muson.Fr.18

B p.104 H.; also

π. στόλον τόνδε S.Ph. 1038

;

τοῦ πλοῦ τοῦ πεπλευσμένου D. 56.12

: metaph., πλεῖν ὑφειμένῃ δοκεῖ, cf.

ὑφίημι 111

: prov.,

ὁ μὴ πεπλευκὼς οὐδὲν ἑόρακεν κακόν Posidipp.22

; ἐπὶ γῆς μὴ πλεῖν when on land do not be at sea, i.e. avoid the hazards of tax-farming, etc., Pythag. ap. Clem.Al.Strom.5.5.28.

II of ships, Il.9.360;

νέας ἄμεινον πλεούσας Hdt.8.10

, etc.;

ὑπὸ τριήρους.. εὖ πλεούσης ἐπεδιώκοντο Th.7.23

;

ἡ ναῦς ἄριστά μοι ἔπλει Lys.21.6

;

ἔφευγε ταῖς ναυσὶν εὖ πλεούσαις X.HG1.6.16

;

τριήρης ταχὺ π. Id.Oec.8.8

.

2 of other things, swim, float,

τεύχεα καλὰ.. πλῶον καὶ νέκυες Il.21.302

;

δένδρεα.., τά οἱ πλώοιεν ἐλαφρῶς Od.5.240

; [

νῆσος] πλέουσα Hdt.2.156

.

3 to be conveyed by sea, [

σκῦλα] πλέοντα Th.3.114

.

4 metaph., ταύτης ἔπι πλέοντες ὀρθῆς while [the ship of] our country bearing us is on an even keel, S.Ant. 190; οὐδ' ὅπως ὀρθὴ πλεύσεται (sc. ἡ πόλις)

προείδετο D.19.250

;

πάντα ἡμῖν κατ' ὀρθὸν πλεῖ Pl.Lg. 813d

;

θεοῦ θέλοντος κἂν ἐπὶ ῥιπὸς πλέοις E.Fr. 397

; also

κέρδους ἕκατι κἂν ἐπὶ ῥιπὸς πλέοι Ar. Pax 699

. (With πλε (ϝ) -, πλευ- cf. Skt. plávate 'float', 'swim', Lat. pluit; with πλω- cf. Goth. flōdus 'river', 'flood', OE. flćwan 'flow'.)

ἐπιθῡμ-έω,

A set one's heart upon a thing, long for, covet, desire, c. gen. rei, Hdt.2.66, A.Ag. 216, etc.: also c. gen. pers., Lys.3.5, X.An.4.1.14 (later c. acc. pers., [Men.] ap.Clem.Al.Strom.5.119, Tab.Defix. Aud.271.45 (Hadrumetum, iii A.D.)); of political attachments, τῶν

ἡμετέρων πολεμίων And.4.28

;

ὀλιγαρχίας Lys.20.3

: c. inf., desire to do,

πλῶσαι Hdt.1.24

; ἀπικνέεσθαι ib. 116;

περισσὰ δρᾶν S.Tr. 617

, etc.: abs., desire, covet, Th.6.92;

ὁ ἀεὶ-ῶν Pl.Prt. 313d

, etc.; τὸ ἐπιθυμοῦν τοῦ πλοῦ, = ἐπιθυμία, eagerness for it, Th.6.24:—[voice] Pass., to be desired, τὰ

ἐπιθυμούμενα Pl.Phlb. 35d

.