κέκῡφα

κέκῡφα, κύπτω

bend forward: perf ind act 1st sg

κύπτω

bend forward: perf ind act 1st sg

κεκύ̱φᾱσι, κύπτω

bend forward: perf ind act 3rd pl

κεκύφᾱσι, κύπτω

bend forward: perf ind act 3rd pl

κύπτω, [tense] fut.

A

κύψω LXX Ps.9.31

(10.10): [tense] aor. ἔκυψα (v. infr.): [tense] pf.

κέκῡφα Hp.Steril.217

:—bend forward, stoop,

πλευρά, τά οἱ κύψαντι παρ' ἀσπίδος ἐξεφαάνθη Il.4.468

;

ἔλαβεν.. κύψας ἐκ πεδίοιο 17.621

, cf. 21.69; ὁσσάκι γὰρ κύψει' ὁ γέρων πιέειν μενεαίνων κτλ. Od.11.585;

κ. ἐστὴν γῆν Hdt.3.14

;

κάτω κ. Ar.V. 279

(lyr.), Thphr.Char.24.8;

κεκυφότες εἰς γῆν καὶ εἰς τραπέζας Pl.R. 586a

;

χαμᾶζε Plu.Ant.45

: freq. in [tense] aor. part. with another Verb, ἔθει κύψας ran with the head down, i.e. at full speed, Ar.Ra. 1091 (anap.);

ὁμόσ' εἶμι κύψας Id.Ec. 863

;

ἐς τὴν γῆν κύψασα κάτω βαδίζει Id.Fr. 395

; κύψας ἐσθίει eats stooping, i.e. greedily, Id. Pax33; sens. obsc., Hippon.22 Diehl.

2 hang the head from shame, οὗτος, τί κύπτεις; Ar.Eq. 1354, Th. 930; or sorrow, Amphis 30.6, Euphro 1.27, or thought, Epicr.11.21, 23 (anap.).

3 bow down under a burden, D.18.323.

4 κύψαι, = ἀπάγξασθαι, Archil.35, cf. Phot.

5 of animals, to be bowed forward, opp. the erect figure of man, Arist.PA 657a15; κέρεα κεκυφότα ἐς τὸ ἔμπροσθε horns bent forward, of certain African oxen, Hdt.4.183;

ἐπὴν ὁ στόμαχος [τῆς ὑστέρης] ἐς τὸν ἀρχὸν κεκύφῃ Hp.

l.c.

κῡφός, ή, όν, ([etym.] κύπτω, κέκῡφα)

A bent forwards, stooping, hunchbacked,

ὃς δὴ γήραϊ κ. ἔην καὶ μυρία ᾔδη Od.2.16

; κ. ἀνήρ, πρεσβύτης, Ar.Ach. 703, Pl. 266; σφόνδυλοι ἕλκονται ἐς τὸ κ., in curvature of the spine, Hp.Art.41;

τρίγλαι κ. Epich.64

; freq. of shrimps, from their form, Eub.111, Matro Conv.64, AP5.184 (Asclep.); τῶν καρίδων αἱ κυφαί shrimps, e.g. Palaemon squilla, Arist.HA 525b1, cf. 549b12; of birds, Id.IA 710b18; also

ὑπὸ κ. ἄροτρον IG14.2012.14

(Sulp. Max.); cf.

κύφων 1

.

II curved, round, of a cup, Ath.11.482e.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `bend forward, stoop, (run) with the head down' (IA).

Other forms: aor. κύψαι (Il.), fut. κύψομαι, -ω (Att., hell.), perf. κέκῡφα (IA.),

Compounds: often with prefix, e.g. ἀνα-, κατα-, ἐπι-, παρα-, ὑπο-, ὑπερ-.

Derivatives: ἐπί-, κατά-, παρά-, πρό-κυψις `stoopng' (medic., hell.); συγκύπ-ται pl. `rafters, sloping beams' (Ath. Mech.), παρακυπτ-ικός `looking inside, inspect inquisitively' ( Cod. Iust.). Adv. κύβ-δα `bent forward' (Archil., com.). Enlarged present κυπτάζω `keep stooping, go poking about' (com.). - Besides κῡφός `bent forwards, hunchbacked' (β 16) with several derivv.: κύφων, - ωνος m. `bent yoke of the plough, pillory, who has had is neck in a pillory, curved beam etc.' (Thgn., Archil., com. etc.) with κυφώνιον kind of salve (Alex. Trall.), - ισμός `punishment by the κ,' (sch.); κυφότης `being bent' (Hld.), κῦφος n. `hump, hunch' (Hdn.; Schwyzer 512). Denomin. κυφόομαι `be bent, humpbacked' with κύφωσις `being humpbacked', - ωμα `hump' (medic.); as backformation (to κυφός or κέκυφα?) κύφω in κύφοντα ὀφθαλμοῖς `with downcast eyes' (LXX). - With factitive meaning κυπόω `overthrow', only ( ἀνα-) κυπώσας (Lyc., Nic.); after τύπτω (: τύπος): τυπόω?

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: As κῡφός is in Greek isolated in its formation, it may be original as against the regular κύπτω (with old perfect κέκῡφα?). κυφός has been compared with Skt. kubhrá- m. `humpbacked bull', kubjá- `humpbacked, curved', for which recently mundide origin has been claimed; a reduplicated formation is found in Skt. kakúbh- f. `top, summit, hump'. Directe comparison of κῦφος n. with Av. kaōfa- m. `mountain, camel-hump' (Brandenstein Μνήμης χάριν 1, 53) is deceptive, as κῦφος was built in Greek to κυφός. Of words with final -p- may be mentioned Lith. kuprà, OHG hovar `hump'. Uncertain is the relation to diverse glosses as κύφερον η κυφήν κεφαλήν. Κρῆτες H. (cf. Bechtel Dial. 2, 789) [prob.not here; see 2. κύμβη], also words for `pot, jar' as Skt. kumbhá-, Av. xumba- m. (cf. Sturtevant Lang. 17, 10). Cf. further on κύπελλον, 1. κύμβη, κύβος, κυψέλη. The variation κυφ- κυπ- rather points to a Pre-Greek word; there is no good IE comparandum.

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