θείνας

θείνᾱς, θείνω

strike: aor part act masc nom /voc sg (attic epic ionic)

θείνω, [dialect] Ep. inf.

A

θεινέμεναι Od.22.443

: [tense] impf.

ἔθεινον A.Pers. 418

, etc.: [tense] fut.

θενῶ Ar.Ach. 564

: [tense] aor. 1 part.

θείνας Il.20.481

( ἔθεινε in 21.491 may be [tense] impf.); other moods from an [tense] aor. 2 ἔθενον (which does not occur in ind.); imper.

θένε E.Rh. 676

, Ar.Av.54; subj.

θένω E.Rh. 687

(troch.), Ar.Lys. 821 (lyr.), cj. in Theoc.22.66; inf.

θενεῖν E.Heracl. 271

; part.

θενών Id.Cyc.7

, Ar.Eq. 640,V. 1384,Av. 1613,Ra. 855 (these forms were freq. incorrectly written θένειν, θένων, as if from a [tense] pres. Θένω):—[voice] Pass., only in [tense] pres. and [tense] impf.:—poet. word, strike, τινα Od. 18.63;

ξίφεσι 22.443

;

φασγάνῳ αὐχένα θείνας Il.20.481

;

μάστιγι.. θείνων 17.430

; [

τόξοισι] ἔθεινε παρ' οὔατα 21.491

:—[voice] Pass., 1.588;

θεινόμεναι βουπλῆγι 6.135

;

ἄορι 10.484

; θεινομένου.. πρὸς οὔδεϊ dashed to earth, Od.9.459; later

σκάπτῳ θενών τινα Pi.O.7.28

;

ῥαιστῆρι A. Pr.56

, cf. 76;

τινὰ δι' ἀσπίδος E.Heracl. 738

;

ἰτέαν εἰς μέσην Id.Cyc.7

;

τῷ σκέλει θένε τὴν πέτ ραν Ar.Av.54

;

τῷ πρωκτῷ θενὼν τὴν κιγκλίδ' Id.Eq. 640

; ποσσὶ θ. σκέλος, of a wrestler, Theoc.22.66: abs., θείνετε v.l. in E.Or. 1303 (lyr.);

θεῖν', ἀντέρειδε Id.Supp. 702

;

θένε, θένε Id.Rh. 676

(lyr.):—[voice] Pass., A.Pers. 303, Ch. 388 (lyr.).

2 metaph.,

θείνει δ' ὀνείδει μάντιν Id.Th. 382

.

3 intr., of corpses,

θ. ἐπ' ἀκτᾶς Id.Pers. 966

.

II to the same Verb, but only with the meaning slay, belong the foll. forms formerly referred to a [tense] pres. Φένω, viz.: [tense] aor. 2

ἔπεφνον Il.21.55

, Pi.P.10.46, B.17.19, S.OT 1497; [dialect] Ep. and Lyr.

πέφνον Il.13.363

, B.8.13; subj. πέφνῃς, ῃ, Od.22.346, Il.20.172; inf.

πεφνέμεν 6.180

; part.

πεφνών 16.827

(parox. acc. to Aristarch., as if from a [tense] pres. πέφνω, which is found in late [dialect] Ep., Opp.H.2.133): from the short form φᾰ (for φṇ) come [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. [ per.] 3sg.

πέφαται Il.15.140

, al.; [ per.] 3pl.

πέφανται 5.531

; inf.

πεφάσθαι 13.447

: [tense] fut. [voice] Pass. πεφήσεαι ib. 829, Od.22.217;

ἢ πέφατ' ἢ.. πεφήσεται Il.15.140

; later, part.

πεφασμένος Lyc.269

, 1374, Opp.H.5.122: Gramm. also give [tense] aor. 1

φάσαι Hsch.

s.v. φάσγανον, Phot. s.v. προσφατος, Sch.Pi.N. 1.69: [tense] aor. 2 part.

παφών Hsch.

: [tense] aor. 2 [voice] Med. ἀπ-έφατο,= ἀπέθανεν, Id. Hence also φᾰτός slain, Id., found in compds. Ἀρεί-φατος, μυλή-φατος, ὀδυνή-φατος, πυρί-φατος. (I.-E. g[uglide]hen- cf. Skt. hánti, pl. ghnánti, Hittite kuenzi, pl. kunanzi 'strike', 'kill'; g[uglide]hon- in Gr. φόνος; g[uglide]hn- in Skt. ghn-ánti, Gr. ἔ-πε-φν-ον (redupl.); g[uglide]hṇ- in Skt. - hata-, Gr. -φατο-, πέφαται, etc.)

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `slay', also `kill' ( πεφνεῖν, καταθείνω). -

Other forms: redupl. aor. πε-φν-εῖν (Il.), med. ἐπέφατο (cod. ἀπ-) ἀπέθανεν H.; beside it also, prob. as innovation, the them. root aor. θενεῖν (E., Ar.) and the σ-aor. ptc. θείνας (Υ 481; Schwyzer 755); fut. θενῶ (Ar.), perf. pass. 3. sg. πέφαται, inf. πεφάσθαι (Il.), with fut. pass. πεφήσεται (Ο 140 etc.: Schwyzer 783 A. 4, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 448);

Compounds: Verbal adj. as 2. member in compp., e. g. ἀρηΐ-φατος (s. also on διφάσιος),

Derivatives: Beside it φόνος m. `murther', s. v.; cf. also Άργεϊφόντης.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [491] * gʷʰen- `slay'

Etymology: The full grade themat. yot-present θείνω has an exact formal agreement in Lith. geniù (inf. geneti!!) `cut off branches', IE *g<sup>u</sup>ʰen-i̯ō; beside weakgrade OCS žьnjǫ (inf. žęti) `harvest, cut'. Arm. ǰnǰem `wipe off, clean, ' too can phonetically belong here, but differs in meaning. Very doubtful Alb. gjanj `hunt, follow' (s. Pedersen and Jokl in W.-Hofmann s. dēfendō). Older is an Indo-Iranian and Hittite athematic root present, Skt. hánti = Av. ǰainti = Hitt. kuen-zi `he slays, kills', IE *gʷʰén-ti. It was replaced by a thematic root formation: Skt. hanati `slay, fill', Lith. genù ` drive (the cattle on the field), hunt', OCS ženǫ `drive(off), pursue', perhaps also Arm. ǰnem `slay' (but rather denominative from ǰin `stick'). Other formations are OIr. gonim `wound, kill' (iterative) and Lat. dē-, of-fendō (with d-suffix). - The reduplicated aorist too has agreements outside of Greek, e. g. in Indo-Iranian: Av. ava-ǰaγnat_ `he struck' = πέφνε, Skt. ptc. ja-ghn-ant = πεφνόντ-, IE *gʷe-gʷ̯hn-ont-. The perfect formations also agree: Skt. ja-ghā́n-a, 3. pl. ja-ghn-úḥ: πέ-φα-ται, IE *gʷ̯e-gʷhon-, * gʷe-gʷhn-, *gʷe-gʷhn̥-. Verbal adjectives (resp. partic.): Skt hatá- = Av. ǰata- = - φατος, IE *gʷhn̥-to-s. - More forms in Bq s. v., Pok. 491ff. W.-Hofmann s. dēfendō. On the meaning of θείνω etc., prop. euphemistic, Chantraine Sprache 1, 143ff.; also Trümpy Fachausdrücke 92ff.

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