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1 δείδω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `fear' (Il.)Other forms: old perfect \< *δέ-δϜοι-α; plur. δείδιμεν \< *δέ-δϜι-μεν, with new sing. δείδια (Il.; Debrunner Mus. Helv. 3, 44f.), Att. δέδιμεν, δέδια; new perfect δείδοικα, Att. δέδοικα \< *δέ-δϜοι-κα (doubtful δεδροικώς [for δεδϜοι-] \<δε\> δοικώς H.?), with new present δεδοίκω, fut. δεδοικήσω (Sicily); sigmatic aorist δεῖσαι (Il.) \< *δϜεῖ-σαι ( ἔδδεισε \< *ἔ-δϜει-σε), themat. root aor. in περὶ γὰρ δίε (Ε 566 etc.) and δίον (Χ 251) \< *δϜί-ε, - ον (Il.); see on δίεμαι; fut. δείσομαι (Il.). - S. Schwyzer 769, 774, 782.Derivatives: To δείδω: δειδ-ήμων (Γ 56, Nonn.) after the adj. in - ήμων ( δαή-μων etc.). To δεῖσαι: δεισίλος δειλός H.; to δέδοικα: δεδείκελον ἀεὶ φοβούμενον, δειλόν H. - Express. deverb. δειδίσσομαι (ep.), Att. δεδίττομαι, aor. δειδίξασθαι, δεδίξασθαι `be frightened', first \< *δεδϜικι̯ομαι unless analogical after the verbs in *-( ί)σσω. Innovation after the σκ-verbs δεδίσκομαι (Ar.). - δέος, δεῖμα, δειλός, δεινός s.s.vv.Etymology: The comparison with Arm. erknč̣im etc. `fear' is rejected by Kortlandt AAL 10 (1989) 43-52. From Iranian here Av. dvaēʮā `threat'. With s- and different meaning Skt. dvéṣṭi `hate'. Further perhaps Lat. dīrus `fearful' (if dialectal from *du̯ei-ros). - Further to δίς, δύω s. Benveniste Word 10, 254f.Page in Frisk: 1,354-355Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δείδω
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2 διερός
A active, alive, twice in Hom.,οὐκ ἔσθ' οὗτος ἀνὴρ διερὸς βροτός Od.6.201
, cf. Aristarch. ad loc. (but perh. for δϝῐ-ερός, 'to be feared'); διερῷ ποδί with nimble foot, 9.43;διερῇ φλογί AP7.123
(Diog. Laert.).II after Hom., wet, liquid, ὕδατι διερόν cj. in Pi.Fr.107.14;αἷμα τὸ δ. A.Eu. 263
; τὸ δ., opp. ξηρόν, Anaxag. 4, 12; of the air, opp. λαμπρός, v. l. in Hp.Aër.15; of birds, which float through the air, Ar.Nu. 337; δ. μέλεα, of the nightingale's notes, dub. l. in Id.Av. 213;δ. καὶ βαρεῖα γῆ Thphr.CP3.23.2
;δ. φῦκος Ph. Bel.99.24
;τοῦ δ. παγέντος Alciphr.1.23
; δ. κέλευθος, of the sea, A.R.1.184; πώγων δ. [ὀστρέου] AP9.86 (Antiphil.);διερὰς χαίτας εὐώδεας Orph.Fr. 142
; δ. μόρος death by drowning, Opp.H.5.345; δ. πῦρ the watery star, i. e. the constellation Eridanus, Nonn.D.23.301. (Prop., acc. to Arist.GC 330a16 διερὸν μέν ἐστι τὸ ἔχον ἀλλοτρίαν ὑγρότητα ἐπιπολῆς, opp. βεβρεγμένον ( soaked through), but cf.σπόγγος ὄξει διερός Dsc.Eup.1.141
; διερά, = σεσηπότα, Hsch.) (In signf. 1, perh. cogn. with δίεμαι (but not with βίος): in signf. 11, prob. connected with διαίνω.) -
3 δείδω
δείδω (root δϝι), fut. δείσομαι, aor. ἔδεισα ( ἔδϝεισα, hence often -- u), perf. δείδοικα and δείδια, δείδιμεν, imp. δείδιθι, plup. ἐδείδιμεν, and (as if ipf.) δείδιε: stand in awe of, dread, fear, trans. or intrans.; Δία ξένιον δείσᾶς, Od. 14.389; ὅ πού τις νῶι τίει καὶ δείδεε θῦμῷ, Od. 16.306; often in the ordinary sense of fearing, ὣς ἔφατ, ἔδϝεισεν δ' ὁ γέρων, Il. 1.33.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > δείδω
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4 δειλός
A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > δειλός
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5 δεινός
δεινός (root δϝι): dreadful, terrible; often adv., δεινὸν ἀῦσαι, δεινὰ ἰδών, etc.; in good sense, δεινός τ' αἰδοἶός τε, i. e. commanding reverence, Od. 8.22; cf. Il. 3.172, where the scansion is to be noted, ἕκυρε δϝεινός τε.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > δεινός
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6 δέος
A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > δέος
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7 ἱλάσκομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `appease, be merciful', perf. intr. and aor. pass. `be gracious' (Il.)Other forms: rarely ἵλαμαι (h. Hom. 19, 48; 21, 5; inf. ἵλασθαι Orph. A. 944; on the quantity of the anlauts s. below), ἱλάονται (Β 550, ἱλάεσθαι A. R. 2, 847); aor. ἱλάσ(σ)ασθαι (Il.), ἱλάξασθαι (Delph., A. R.), pass. ἱλασθῆναι (LXX); fut. ἱλάσ(σ)ομαι (Pl., Orac. ap. Paus. 8, 42, 6), ἱλάξομαι (A. R.); perf. ipv. Aeol. ἔλλαθι (gramm., B. 10, 8), pl. ἔλλατε (Call. Fr. 121); besides ἵλᾰθι, ἵλᾰτε (Theoc., A. R.), ἵληθι (γ 380, π 184), cf. below; subj. ἱλήκῃσι (φ 365), opt. ἱλήκοι etc. (h. Ap. 165, AP, Alciphr.),Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. ἐξ-,Derivatives: ἐξίλασις, ( ἐξ-)ἱλασμός (LXX), ἱλασία (inscr. Rom. empire), ( ἐξ-)ἵλασμα `appeasement, expiatory sacrifice' (LXX), ἱλάσιμος `appeasing' (M.Ant.; after ἰάσιμος a. o., Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 93), ἱλαστήριος `appeasing', - ιον `propitiatory gift' (LXX, pap.), also (analog.) ἱλατήριον ( Chron. Lind.), ἱλαστής `appeaser' (Aq., Thd.) with ἐξιλαστικός (Corn.). - Older formations: 1. ἵλαος (ep. Arc.; on the quantity of the α below), ἵλεως (Att., also Ion.), ἵλεος (Cret. since IIIa, also Hdt.), hιλέ̄Ϝο̄ι dat. (Lac., IG 5: 1, 1562, VI-Va), ἴλλαος (Aeol., gramm.) `merciful, benevolent'; Arc. `appeased'; denomin. verb ἱλαόομαι ( ΜΑΜΑ 1, 230), ἱλεῶμαι, ἱλεόομαι (A. Supp. 117 [lyr.], Pl.; cf. Schulze Kl. Schr. 324f.) `appease' with ἱλέωσις (Plu.), ἱλεωτήριον (Phot., Suid.). 2. ἱλαρός `clear, glad', also = ἵλεως (Ar., X.) with ἱλαρότης, ἱλαρία, ἱλαρόω, - ρύνω, - ρεύομαι (hell.); Lat. loan hilarus, -is. 3. ἰλλάεις, - εντος (Alc.), ἱλᾶς, - ᾶντος (Hdn. Gr., H.) = ἴλλαος, ἵλαος and lengthened (cf. Schwyzer 527). 4. ἱλάειρα f. of φλόξ and σελήνη (Emp.; quantity changing, cf. below), also ἑλάειρα (sch., Steph. Byz.) and ΕΛΕΡΑ (Kretschmer Vas. 208; s. also Schulze Kl. Schr. 716), innovation after πίειρα, κτεάτειρα, Δάειρα etc., Chantr. Form. 104, Schwyzer 543.Etymology: Decisive for the interpretation of these forms is the Aeol. imperative ἔλλαθι, ἔλλατε, for *σε-σλα-θι, - τε and so like τέ-τλα-θι, ἕ-στα-θι, δείδιθι = δέ-δϜι-θι to be seen as a perfect form. Die metrisch feststellbare Länge des α in ἔλλᾱθι bei B. 10, 8 muß wie in ἵλᾱος (s. unten) sekundär sein. The agreeing IA *εἵλαθι, of which the reduplication was no longer recognizable, was after φάνηθι etc. replaced by εἵληθι ἵλεως γίνου H. Another center of the formations was the reduplicated present ἱ̄λάσκομαι \< *σι-σλᾰ́-σκομαι, of which the anlauting vowel-length was introduced in other forms: perf. subj. and opt. ἱλήκῃσι, ἱλήκοι for *εἱλ- (ind. *εἵληκα like εἴρηκα, τέ-τλη-κα), perh. also in ἵλᾰθι, - τε and Hom. ἵληθι (cf. εἵληθι H.), (or from *σι-σλη-θι). Also in the aorist- and future-forms ἱλάσ(σ)ασθαι, ἱλάξασθαι, ἱλάσσομαι, ἱλάξομαι the length was introduced; beside it there is short in ἱλάσσεαι (Α 147), ἱλασσάμενοι (Α 100), ἵλαμαι (h. Hom.; but ἵ̄λασθαι Orph.), ἱλάομαι, also in ἱλαρός and ἱλάειρα (Emp. 85). The short ῐ- which is ununderstandable, may replace the ε- ( ἑλάειρα [s. above], *ἕλαμαι, *ἑλαρός) after ἱλάσκομαι. - Also ἵληϜος, ἵλεως, ἵλᾰος from reduplicated *σι-σλη-, σι-σλᾰ-. The old ablaut selǝ-: sleh₁-: slǝ- (cf. telǝ-: tlā-: tlǝ- in τελα-μών: ἔ-τλᾱ-ν: τέ-τλᾰ-θι) of which sla- is analog. - More on the Greek forms (after Froehde a. a. O., Solmsen KZ 29, 350f., Schulze Q. 466f., Bechtel Lex. 175ff., Wackernagel Unt. 81) in Schwyzer 281, 681, 689 w. n. 2, 710, 800 etc., Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 13; 22; 299; 427 etc. - Fundamental is Klingenschmitt, MSS 28 (1970) 75-88, who showed that Arm. aɫač`em `pray' \< *slh₂-ske\/o- is the closest relative. The Greek form goes back on *si-slh₂-ske\/o-; the aorist would have been * selh₂-s- of which the initial has been influenced by the present.Page in Frisk: 1,721-722Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἱλάσκομαι
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