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1 γραφών
γράφοςneut gen pl (attic epic doric)γραφήrepresentation by means of lines: fem gen plγραφήςmasc gen pl -
2 γραφῶν
γράφοςneut gen pl (attic epic doric)γραφήrepresentation by means of lines: fem gen plγραφήςmasc gen pl -
3 γράφων
γράφωscratch: pres part act masc nom sg -
4 σκιαγραφών
σκιᾱγραφῶν, σκιαγραφέωpaint with the shadows: pres part act masc nom sg (attic epic doric) -
5 σκιαγραφῶν
σκιᾱγραφῶν, σκιαγραφέωpaint with the shadows: pres part act masc nom sg (attic epic doric) -
6 σκιαγράφων
σκιάγραφοςperspective-painter: masc gen plσκιᾱγράφων, σκιαγράφοςmasc /fem /neut gen pl -
7 γράφω
A- ψω Hdt.1.95
, etc.: [tense] aor. ἔγραψα, [dialect] Ep.γράψα Il.17.599
: [tense] pf.γέγραφα Cratin.124
, Th.5.26, etc.; laterγεγράφηκα PHib. 1.78.2
(iii B. C.):—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. , etc. (but in pass. sense, Gal.Protr.13): [tense] aor. , etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.γρᾰφήσομαι Hp.Acut.26
, Nicom.Com.1.39, ([etym.] μετεγ-) Ar.Eq. 1370; more freq.γεγράψομαι S.OT 411
, Theoc.18.47, etc.: [tense] aor. ἐγράφην [ᾰ], Hdt.4.91, Pl.Prm. 128c, etc.; (Milet., v B. C.), Archim.Fluit.2.4: [tense] pf. γέγραμμαι (also in med. sense, v. fin.), [ per.] 3sg.ἔγραπται Opp.C.3.274
; part. ἐγραμμένος or (Elis, dub.), Leg.Gort.1.45, al.; laterγεγράφημαι Ph.2.637
: [ per.] 3pl.γεγράφαται IG 12.57.10
, [dialect] Dor.γεγράβανται Schwyzer 90.12
([place name] Argos): [tense] plpf.ἐγέγραπτο X.Mem.1.2.64
: [ per.] 3pl.ἐγεγράφατο D.C.56.32
. Used by Hom. only in [tense] aor. [voice] Act.:—scratch, graze,αἰχμὴ γράψεν οἱ ὀστέον ἄχρις Il.17.599
; γράψας ἐν πίνακι πτυκτῷ θυμοφθόρα πολλά having marked or drawn signs thereon, 6.169: hence, later, represent by lines, draw, paint, Hdt.2.41, A.Eu.50, Pl.R. 377e; γῆς περιόδους γ. draw maps, Hdt.4.36;γ. Ἔρωθ' ὑπόπτερον Eub.41.1
;προσπεπατταλευμένον γ. τὸν Προμηθέα Men.535.2
;ἀνδριάντα γ. Pl.R. 420c
; ζῷα γ., = ζωγραφεῖν (q. v.), Id.Grg. 453c: metaph.,ὁπόσα τοὺς λειμῶνας αἱ ὧραι γράφουσι Philostr.Im.Praef.
:—[voice] Med.,ζῷα γράφεσθαι Hdt.4.88
:—[voice] Pass.,εἰκὼν γεγραμμένη Ar.Ra. 537
;πίνακες γεγραμμένοι τὰ Ἀλεξάνδρου ἔργα Philostr.VA2.20
.2 Math., describe a figure, Euc.Post.3, al., Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.23, al., Gal.1.47.b of a point or line in motion, generate a figure, Arist.Mech. 848b10, al.;τὸ σαμεῖον ἕλικα γράψει Archim.Sph.Cyl.1
, cf.Apollon.Perg.Con.1.2, Hero Aut.8.1.II express by written characters, write, τι Hdt.1.125, etc.;γ. διαθήκην Pl.Lg. 923c
, cf. X.Cyr.4.5.34 ([voice] Pass.); γ. τινὶ ὅτι .. Th.7.14; γ. τινί, c. inf., SIG552.13 (Abae, iii B. C.);γ. τι εἰς διφθέρας Hdt.5.58
: prov.,ὅρκους.. γυναικὸς εἰς ὕδωρ γράφω S.Fr. 811
, cf. Xenarch.6;εἰς τέφραν γ. Philonid.7
; εἰς ὕδωρ, ἐν ὕδατι, Men. Mon.25, Pl.Phdr. 276c;ἐν χρυσῷ πίνακι Id.Criti. 120c
;ἐν φλοιῷ Theoc.18.47
;καθ' ὕδατος Luc.Cat.21
;εἰς πέλαγος γράμματα γράψαι Epigr.Gr.1038.8
([place name] Attalia):—[voice] Pass., πόθι φρενὸς γέγραπται in what leaf of memory it is written, Pi.O.10(11).3.2 inscribe, γ. εἰς σκῦλα, εἰς στήλην, E.Ph. 574, D.9.41:—[voice] Pass., γράφεσθαί τι to be inscribed with a thing, S.Tr. 157; have my name inscribed,IG
12(7).3* (dub.); ἐν τῷ προσώπῳ γραφεὶς τὴν συμφοράν having it branded on his forehead, Pl.Lg. 854d; γεγραμμένα κωκύουσαν, of the hyacinth, Euph.40.3 write down, γ. τινὰ αἴτιον set him down as the cause, Hdt.7.214; γ. τι ἱερόν τινι register as.., Pi.O.3.30; in magic, invoke a curse upon, Tab.Defix.Aud.14A1; γ. τινὰ κληρονόμον, ἐπίτροπον, institute by a written document, Pl.Lg. 923c, 924a; register, enrol,ἐμὲ γράφε τῶν ἱππεύειν ὑπερεπιθυμούντων X.Cyr. 4.3.21
; οὐ Κρέοντος προστάτου γεγράψομαι, as a dependent of Cr., S. OT 411.4 γ. τινί write a letter to one,γ. σοὶ ἵνα εἰδῇς PGrenf. 1.11
ii 21 (ii B. C.), etc.;εἴς τινα Luc.Syr.D.23
.5 γ. περί τίνος write on a subject, X.Cyn.13.2, etc.;ὑπέρ τινος Plb.1.1.4
, etc.; εἴς τινα against.., Longin.4.3; πρός τινα address a work to.., Id.1.3; describe,οἱ ὑφ' ἡμῶν γραφόμενοι καιροί Plb.2.56.4
; esp. of Prose, opp. ποιεῖν, Isoc.2.48: c. dupl. acc.,τί.. γράψειειν ἄν σε μουσοποιὸς ἐν τάφῳ
;E.
Tr. 1189.6 write down a law to be proposed: hence, propose, move, γνώμην, νόμον, ψήφισμα, etc., X.HG1.7.34, Ar.Nu. 1429, etc.: abs. (sc. νόμον), D.18.179;γ. καὶ νομοθετεῖν περί τινος Id.24.48
; γ. πόλεμον, εἰρήνην, Id.10.55, 19.55: c. inf., ;ἔγραψα.. ἀποπλεῖν.. τοὺς πρέσβεις Id.18.25
; enact,νόμοι οὓς τὸ πλῆθος συνελθὸν ἔγραψε X.Mem.1.2.42
:—[voice] Pass.,παρὰ τὰ γραφέντα δρᾶν Pl.Plt. 295d
;τὸ γεγραμμένον ὑπὸ σοῦ ψήφις μα Din.1.70
.8 ὁ γράφων τὸν Ὀξυρυγχίτην (sc. νομόν ) the secretary for the nome of Oxyrhynchus, POxy.239.1 (i A. D.);τῷ ἰδίῳ λόγῳ γράφοντι τὸν νομόν PFlor.358.5
(ii A. D.).B [voice] Med., write for oneself or for one's own use, note down, Hdt. 2.82, IG12.57.39, etc.;γ. τι ἐν φρεσίν A.Ch. 450
(lyr.);φρενῶν ἔσω S.Ph. 1325
; ἐγραψάμην ὑπομνήματα I wrote me down some memoranda, Pl.Tht. 143a; cause to be written,συγγραφήν D.56.6
, etc.; γ. πρόσοδον πρὸς τὴν βουλήν petition for a hearing before the Council, Id.24.48.2 enrol oneself,γράψασθαι φυλῆς καὶ δήμου καὶ φρατρίας IG12.374.16
, ib.2.115b21: abs., of colonists, Pl.Lg. 850b; but also (cf. A.11.3), ἕνα τῶν μαθητῶν ἐμὲ γράφου enrol me as one of your disciples, Id.Cra.428b.3 as law-term, γ. τινά to indict one, τινός for some public offence, e.g. τῆς αἰσχροκερδείας, Pl.Lg. 754e;γ. [τινὰ] παρανόμων D.18.13
; in full,γραφὴν γράψασθαί τινα Ar.Nu. 1482
(but in [voice] Pass., εἴ σοι γράφοιτο δίκη ib. 758);γράψασθαι δίκας SIG344.38
([place name] Teos): c. acc. et inf.,γ. τινὰ ἀδικεῖν Ar.V. 894
, cf. Pax 107: abs., οἱ γραψάμενοι the prosecutors, Id.V. 881;ἑτέροις οὐκ ἦν γράψασθαι And.1.75
; also γράφεσθαί τι indict an act, i. e. the doer of it, as criminal, ἐγράψατο τὴν Χαβρίου δωρειάν he brought a γραφὴ παρανόμων against the person who proposed the grant to Chabrias, D.20.146, cf. 95; τὸ χάριν τούτων ἀποδοῦναι παρανόμων γράφει ([ per.] 2sg.) Id.18.119.b [voice] Pass., to be indicted,γραφεὶς ἀπέφυγον D.18.103
; τοῦτο τὸ ψήφισμα ἐγράφη παρανόμων was indicted as illegal, Aeschin.3.62; ψηφίσματα ὑπὸ τούτου οὐδὲ γραφέντα not even indicted, D.18.222 (but in 18.28, εἰ μὴ τοῦτ' ἐγράφη if this decree had not been proposed, as [voice] Pass. of A. 11.6); τὰ γεγραμμένα the articles of the indictment, Id.18.56; τὸ γεγραμμένον the penalty named in the indiclment, Id.24.83:—but γέγραμμαι usu. takes the sense of the [voice] Med., indict, Id.18.59, 119, cf. Pl.Euthphr.2b, Tht. 210d. -
8 προτέλειος
A before a ceremony of initiation, etc.: Subst. [full] προτέλεια (sc. ἱερά), τά, sacrifice offered before any solemnity, θυτὴρ γενέσθαι.., προτέλεια ναῶν as an offering in behalf of.., A.Ag. 227 (lyr.); π. Ἐλευσινίων restd. in IG12.5.2; before the marriage-rite, π. δ' ἤδη παιδὸς ἔσφαξας θεᾷ; E.IA 718, cf. Pl.Com.174.5;π. γάμων Pl.Lg. 774e
, cf. Men.1058, Ael.Dion.p.61 Schwabe: rarely in sg., Aristid. Quint.3.27.2 generally, beginning, ἐν προτελείοις κάμακος in the preliminary conflicts, A.Ag.65 (anap.); ἐν βιότου π. ib. 720 (lyr).b metaph., introduction,τὰ π. τῆς φιλοσοφίας Ph.1.294
, cf. Gal.Phil. Hist.16;π. γράφων τῆς ἀκροάσεως Procl.in Prm.p.541
S.: rarely in sg., Them.Or.20.235d.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προτέλειος
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9 τίς
B Interrog. Pron. τίς, Elean and [dialect] Lacon. τίρ (q.v.), τί:—gen. [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion.τέο Il.2.225
, Herod.8.1, etc., orτεῦ Od.15.509
, Hdt.5.106, etc.; Trag. and [dialect] Att. , Ar.Nu. 1223, etc.; [dialect] Ion., Trag., and [dialect] Att.τίνος Simon.154
, Hdt.6.80, A.Pr. 563 (anap.), S.Aj. 892, Ar Ach. 588, etc.; dat. [dialect] Ion.τέῳ Hdt.1.11
, al. (as fem., 4.155); no dat. in Hom. or Hes.; Trag. and [dialect] Att.τῷ S.Ant. 401
, D.19.60, etc.; [dialect] Aeol.τίῳ Sapph.104
; τίνι first in Pi.N.7.57, A.Pers. 715 (troch.), S.OT10, Ar. Ach. 919, Hdt.3.38, Th.1.80, D.20.115, etc.; acc.τίνα Il.5.703
, etc.; neut.τί 1.362
, etc.: dual τίνε (elided) Ar.Av. 107: pl.. nom.τίνες Od. 1.172
, etc.; neut. , Aeschin.2.81, Hipparch.1.1.4, Gem.17.12, Ep.Hebr.5.12; gen. [dialect] Ep.τέων Il.24.387
, Od.20.192, and as monosyll. 6.119, 13.200; Trag. and [dialect] Att. , OC 2, Ar.Nu. 1089, etc.; dat. τίσι first in S.OT 1126, Ar.Ra. 1455, Pl.R. 332d, etc. (no dat. in Hom. or Hes.); also (anap.); [dialect] Ion.τέοισι Hdt.1.37
, cf. 2.82 (v.l. ὁτέοισι); [dialect] Aeol.τίοισι Sapph.168
; acc. , Ar.Av. 370 (troch.); neut.τίνα Arr.Epict.1.30.3
; [dialect] Boeot. τά Pi.O.1.82 (Adv.); Megar.σά Ar.Ach. 757
, 784 (Adv.): of the pl. Hom. uses only nom. τίνες with gen. τέων; ποῖος (what? which?) is sts. preferred (esp. in neut. pl.) to the Adj. τίς, e.g. τὰ ποῖα ταῦτα χρήματα; Ar.Nu. 1270, cf. 1337, Th. 621, Pl.Cra. 391e, 395d, 406d; v. ποῖος 1.3 and IV:I in direct questions, who? which? neut. what? which? ὦ ξεῖνοι, τίνες ἐστέ; Od.9.252; τί νύ μοι μήκιστα γένηται; 5.299; τίς δαίμων τόδε πῆμα προσήγαγε; 17.446; τίς ἀχώ, τίς ὀδμὰ προσέπτα μ' ἀφεγγής; A.Pr. 115 (lyr.), cf. 561 (anap.), etc.; properly at the beginning of the sentence; but this position may be varied,a for grammatical reasons, as between the Art. and part. or noun, τοὺς τί ποιοῦντας τὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο ἀποκαλοῦσιν; X.Mem.2.2.1, cf. Pl.Smp. 206b; τῆς περὶ τί πειθοῦς ἡ ῥητορική ἐστιν τέχνη; Id.Grg. 454a; ὁ σοφιστὴς τῶν τί σοφῶν ἐστιν; Id.Prt. 312d.b for emphasis, ἃ δ' ἐννέπεις, κλύουσα τοῦ λέγεις; S.OC 412, cf. El. 1191; πόλις τε ἀφισταμένη τίς πω.. τούτῳ ἐπεχείρησε; Th.3.45; esp. when the Verb begins the sentence, δράσεις δὲ δὴ τί; E.HF 1246; ἦλθες δὲ κατὰ τί; Ar.Nu. 239; διαφέρει δὲ τί; D.18.205.--The person freq. follows in gen. pl., as τίς θεῶν; Il.18.182, etc.; and of things or conditions, τί is freq. with the genit. sg., of all genders, πρὸς τί χρείας; S.OT 1174; ἐλπίδων ἐς τί; Id.OC 1749 codd. (lyr.); , etc.2 sts. as the predicate, τίς ὀνομάζεται; what is he named? E.Ph. 123; so also may be expld. the union of τίς with a demonstr. or possess. Pron., or with a Noun preceded by the Art., τί τοῦτ' ἔλεξας; S.Ph. 1173 (lyr.); τί ἐστι τουτί; τίς ὁ τρόπος τοῦ τάγματος; Id.Ichn.114; also with Pron. in pl., τί ταῦτα; E.Ph. 382, Andr. 548, etc.; τί γὰρ τάδ' ἐστίν; Ar.Nu. 200; τί ποτ' ἐστίν, ἂ διανοούμεθα; Pl.Tht. 154e; τί ποτ' ἐστὶ ταῦτα; ib. 155c;σκεπτέον τί τὰ συμβαίνοντα Id.Grg. 508b
; so τί is used as predicate of a masc. or fem. subject, τί νιν προσείπω; A.Ch. 983(997); τί σοι φαίνεται ὁ νεανίσκος; Pl.Chrm. 154d:—also τίς δ' ὅδε Ναυσικάᾳ ἕπεται; who is this that follows N.? Od.6.276; τίς δ' οὗτος ἔρχεαι; Il.10.82, cf. Alc.84.1, S.El. 328, 388, Ant.7, 218, E.Hec. 501, Pl.Cri. 43c; and in the reverse order, τήνδε τίνα λεύσσω.. ; who is this I see? E.IA 821; τίνι οὖν τοιούτῳ φίλους ἂν θηρῴην; with what means of such kind.. ? X.Mem.3.11.9; τί τοσοῦτον νομίζοντες ἠδικῆσθαι; Id.Smp.4.53; τί με τὸ δεινὸν ἐργάσῃ; what is the dreadful thing which.. ? E.Ba. 492, cf. S.OC 598, 1488, etc.; τίν' ὄψιν σὴν προσδέρκομαι; what face is this I see of thine? E.Hel. 557; παρὰ τίνας τοὺς ὑμᾶς; who are 'you' to whom [I am to come]? Pl.Ly. 203b:—the Art. is exceptionally added to τίς, when it leads up to a word which requires the Art., ληφθήσει.. Πανήμου εἰκάδι· καὶ Λῴου τῇ--τίνι; τῇ δεκάτῃ on the twentieth of the month Panemus and of Loüs on the -- what day? the tenth, Call.Epigr.46:—in Com.also τὸ τί; what is that? Ar.Nu. 775, Pax 696, Av. 1039, Pl. 902, etc.; τοῦ τίνος χάριν; UPZ6.29 (ii B.C.); and with pl. Art., τὰ τί; Ar. Pax 693.3 with prop. names treated as appellatives (v. τις indef. 11.6b), τίς ἆρα Κύπρις ἢ τίς Ἵμερος; S.Fr. 874; τίς σε Θηρικλῆς ποτε ἔτευξε; Eub.43; τίς.. Χίμαιρα πύρπνοος; Anaxil.22.3.5 a question with τίς often amounts to a strong negation, τῶν δ' ἄλλων τίς κεν οὐνόματ' εἴποι; Il.17.260; τίς ἂν ἐξεύροι ποτ' ἄμεινον; Ar.Pl. 498; τίνες ἂν δικαιότερον.. μισοῖντο; Th.3.64, etc.6 sts. two questions are asked in one clause by different cases of τίς; ἡ τίσιν τί ἀποδιδοῦσα τέχνη δικαιοσύνη ἂν καλοῖτο; Pl.R. 332d;τί λαβόντα τί δεῖ ποιεῖν D.4.36
:—a like doubling of the question lies in the union of τίς with other interrog. words, τίς πόθεν εἰς ( εἶς codd.) ἀνδρῶν; Od.1.170, cf. S.Tr. 421.7 τίς with Particles:— τίς γάρ; why who? who possibly? τίς γάρ σε θεῶν.. ἧκεν; Il.18.182; v. infr. 8 f.b τίς δέ; ὦ κοῦραι, τίς δ' ὔμμιν.. πωλεῖται; h.Ap. 169.d τίς ποτε; who in the world? who ever? τίς ποτ' ὢν γενεὰν καὶ ποίαν τινὰ φύσιν ἔχων; X.Cyr.1.1.6, cf. S.El. 975; τίς δήποτε; Id.Fr. 106 (but τίς ἄν ποτε is prob. cj.).8 the usages of the neut. τί; are very various:a τί; alone, as a simple question, what? τί γάρ; A.Th. 336 (lyr.):—on ὅτι τί; ὅτι τί δή; ὅτι δὴ τί; v. ὅτι B. 1b; on ὡς τί; v. ὡς F.1.b τί τοῦτο; τί ταῦτα; v. supr. 2.c τί μοι; τί σοι; what is it to me? to thee? S.Ph.753, etc.; c. gen., τί μοι ἔριδος καὶ ἀρωγῆς; what have I to do with.. ? Il.21.360; τί δέ σοι ταῦτα; Ar.Lys.514, cf. Ec.521 (where the answerer repeats the question in indirect form, ὅ τί μοι τοῦτ' ἔστιν;) ; ἀλλὰ δὴ τί τοῦτ' ἐμοί; Diph.32.18; τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί; what have I to do with thee? LXX Jd.11.12, Arr.Epict.2.19.19, Ev.Jo.2.4; τί σοὶ καὶ εἰρήνῃ; LXX 4 Ki.9.18, cf. Ho.14.9; τί πρὸσσέ; M.Ant.8.44, cf.Ev.Matt.27.4; σοὶ δὲ καὶ τούτοισι τοῖσι πρήγμασι τί ἐστι; what have you to do with these matters? Hdt.5.33; τί τῷ νόμῳ καὶ τῇ βασάνῳ; D.29.36:—folld. by a clause, τί δὲ τίν, εἰ κωτίλαι εἰμές; Theoc.15.89; or with inf., τί γάρ μοι τοὺς ἔξω κρίνειν; 1 Ep.Cor.5.12:—v. εἰμί c.111.2.e τί; also often stands abs. as Adv. how? why? wherefore? Il.1.362, etc.; so too in [dialect] Att., Pl.Cri. 43c, etc.; δόμων γὰρ ζῶσι τῶνδε δεσπόται. Answ. τί ζῶσιν; how do you mean forsooth!E.
Alc. 806; Κιθαιρὼν--Answ. τί Κιθαιρών; what aboutK.? Id.Ba. 1177 codd., cf. 1182 (both lyr.); cf. τίη.f τί with Particles: - τί γάρ; why not? how else? and so it came to mean of course, no doubt, A.Ag. 1239, Ch. 880, Eu. 678, etc.; used in affirmative answers, Pl.Phdr. 258d, Tht. 209b, al.; to introduce an argument, Arist.Pol. 1281a14; v. γάρ 1.4:— τί δαί; v. δαί:— τί δέ; serving to pass on quickly to a fresh point, Pl.Hp.Ma. 288c, al.; τί δέ, εἰ.. ; but what, if.. ? E.Hel. 1043; τί δ' ἄν, εἰ.. ; Ar.Th. 773; τί δ' ἢν.. ; Id.Nu. 1444; τί δέ, εἰ μὴ.. ; what else but.. ? X.Oec.9.1, cf. S.OT 941, Ph. 421; so τί δὲ δή; τί δή; τί δή ποτε; why ever? why in the world? what do you mean? Pl.R. 470e, Grg. 469a, Sph. 241d, S.El. 1184:—so also τί δῆτα; how, pray? τί δῆτ' ἄν, εἰ.. ; Ar.Nu. 154:— ( τί μή; f.l. in S.Aj. 668):— τί μήν; i.e. yes certainly, much like τί γάρ; Pl.Tht. 162e, etc., prob. in S.Aj. 668:— τί μὴν οὔ; in reply to a question, Id.El. 1280 (lyr.):— τί νυ; why now? Il.1.414, etc.:— τί δ' οὔ; parenthetic, why not? as an affirmative answer, S.Ant. 460; τί οὐ καλοῦμεν; i.e. let us call, Ar.Lys. 1103; τί οὐ βαδίζομεν; etc., Pl.Prt. 310e, etc.:— τί οὖν; how so? making an objection, A.Th. 208; but τί οὖν ἔτ' ἂν σαίνοιμεν.. μόρον; ib. 704; τί οὖν οὐκ ἐρωτᾷς; Pl.Ly. 211d:— τί ποτε; v. τίπτε;g with Conjunctions following:—τί ὅτι.. ; why is it that.. ? Stratt.62 (f.l.), LXX Ge. 3.1, Ev.Luc.2.49, etc.:—with Conjunctions preceding, ἵνα τί; v. ἵνα B. 11.3 c.h with Preps.:— διὰ τί; wherefore? Ar.Pl. 1111, etc.:— ἐκ τίνος; from what cause? X.An.5.8.4:— ἐς τί; to what point? how long? Il.5.465; but also, to what end? S.Tr. 403, cf. OC 524 (lyr.):— κατὰ τί; for what purpose? Ar.Nu. 239:— πρὸς τί; wherefore? S.OT 766, 1027, etc.II τίς is sts. used for ὅστις in indirect questions,εἰρώτα δὴ ἔπειτα τίς εἴη καὶ πόθεν ἔλθοι Od.15.423
, cf. 17.368; ; οὐδ' ἔχω τίς ἂν γενοίμαν ib. 905 (lyr.);οὐκ ἔχω τί φῶ Id.Ch.91
, cf. S.OC48, etc.;ἐπισκεψώμεθα τίνες πέπανται σφενδόνας X.An.3.3.18
; εἰπὲ τίνα γνώμην ἔχεις ib.2.2.10; freq. in later Gr., where ὅστις is very rare,εἰς τὸ λογιστήριον γράφων.. τί ὀφείλεται PHib.1.29.42
(iii B.C.), cf. PCair.Zen. 21.40, al. (iii B.C.); οὐθεὶς ἐσήμηνεν παρὰ τί ἂν τοῖς προστεταγμένοις.. οὐ κατηκολούθησαν nobody indicated why they should not have obeyed orders, PTeb.72.160, cf. 61 (b). 227 (ii B.C.); ὅστις and τίς are sts. combined, , cf. A.Pr. 489 sq., 617, 623:—later with inf., τί πράττειν οὐκ ἔχω I do not know what to do, Aesop.67, cf. Ps.-Luc.Philopatr.29.b sts. not in indirect questions, whoever, whatever,αἰτοῦ τί χρῄζεις ἕν E.Fr.773.2
; ταῦτα οὐκ ἀπέστελλον πάντα, ἀλλ' ἐκλεγόμενοι τίνων αἱ τιμαὶ ἐπετέταντο whatever things had risen in price, D.56.24; τίνα δ' ἁ Κύπρις οὐκ ἐφίλησεν whomsoever K. has not loved, AP5.169 (Noss.); τίνι ἡ τύχη δίδωσι, λαβέτω Antiochusap.Ptol.Euerg.3 J.;λαμβανέτω τί θέλει AP12.219
(Strat.);τὰν ὀνάλαν κίς κε γινύειτει IG 9(2).517.22
(Larissa, iii B.C.); καὶ τί ἂν εἶ ( = ᾖ) λοιπόν ib.5(1).1390.50 (Andania, i B.C., nisi leg. καἴ τι ἂν, v. supr.A. 111.2e);τίς ἂν δὲ χεῖρα προσαγάγῃ Epigr.Gr.376a
([place name] Aezani);τίς σοφός, αὐτῷ προσκολλήθητι LXXSi.6.34
;οὐ τί ἐγὼ θίλω, ἀλλὰ τί σύ Ev.Marc.14.36
; τίς σοφίῃ πάντων πρῶτος, τούτου τρίποδ' αὐδῶ Orac. ap. D.S.9.3 et ap.D.L. 1.28 codd. (ὃς Cobet from Sch.Ar.Pl.9);χαῖρε καὶ σύ, τίς ποτ' εἶ IG9
(2).953 ([place name] Larissa), cf. CIG 1982 ([place name] Thessalonica); in other places, as S.El. 1176, Tr. 339, OT 1144, E. Ion 324, this constr. cannot be admitted.c τίς = ὅστις after a neg., μή τίς ἐστιν ἐν ὑμῖν ἀνὴρ ἢ γυνὴ.., τίνος ἡ διάνοια ἐξέκλινεν κτλ.; LXX De.29.18.d = ὅς orὅσπερ, τέων.. Ζεὺς ἐπὶ σαλπίγγων ἱρὰ βοῇ δέχεται Κᾶρες ὁμοῦ Λελέγεσσι Call.Aet.3.1.60
, cf. Del. 185, Epigr.30.2, Nic.Al.2;Δωροθέαν, τίς τὸν ἐμὸν ἄνδρα εἶχε Tab.Defix.Aud.10.4
(Cnidus, ii/i B.C.), cf. 5.2,8; , cf. 56 (Senatus consultum, Delph., ii B.C.);τίνα με ὑπονοεῖτε εἶναι, οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐγώ Act.Ap. 13.25
; τίς ἔζησεν ἔτη β who lived.., IG14.1560 ([place name] Rome), cf. 1391 (ibid.);εὗρον γεωργόν, τίς αὐτὰ ἑλκύσῃ BGU822.5
(ii/iii A.D.).2 τίς; τί; in direct or indirect questions may be construed with a part., σὺ δὲ τίς ὢν ταῦτα λέγεις; being who, i.e. who are you that.. ? Pl.Grg. 452a;ἐπειρέσθαι.. τίνες ἐόντες ἄνθρωποι.. ταῦτα προαγορεύουσι Hdt.1.153
; καταμεμάθηκας.. τοὺς τί ποιοῦντας τὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο ἀποκαλοῦσι; X.Mem.2.2.1; or in a subordinate clause, ἀλλ' ὅταν τί ποιήσωσι, νομιεῖς αὐτοὺς σοῦ φροντίζειν; ib.1.4.14; νῦν δ' ἐπειδὴ τίνος τέχνης ἐπιστήμων ἐστί, τίνα ἂν καλοῦντες αὐτὸν ὀρθῶς καλοῖμεν; Pl. Grg. 448c.IV τί as exclamatory Adv., how.. ! , cf. 4.10; τί θέλω how I wish! Ev.Luc.12.49; τί στενή v.l. in Ev.Matt.7.14.C Prosody: τις and τίς keep [pron. full] ῐ in all cases (digamma operates in Il.6.462, etc.).II τί was never elided; but hiatus is allowed after τί in [dialect] Ep. τί ἢ (v. τίη), also in Com., as τί οὐ; Ar.Av. 149; τί οὖν; Id.Pl.94; τί ἔστι; Id.Nu.82, Av. 1036; τί, ὦ πάτερ; Id.Nu. 80:—a licence which is rarer in Trag., τί ἔστιν; S.Ph. 733; τί οὖν; A.Th. 208, 704, Eu. 902, S.Aj. 873 (lyr.), Ph. 100, etc.; τί εἶπας; Id.Tr. 1203, Ph. 917. -
10 ἐξετάζω
Aἐξετῶ Isoc.9.34
, cf. AB251: [tense] aor. , S.OC 211 (lyr.), etc., [dialect] Dor.ἐξήταξα Theoc.14.28
: [tense] pf. , etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.- ετασθήσομαι D.2.20
: [tense] aor. - ητάσθην (v. infr.): [tense] pf. - ήτασμαι (v. sub fin.):— examine well or closely, scrutinize, review,ἐ. φίλους, ὅντιν' ἔχουσι νόον Thgn.1016
, cf. Ar.l.c., etc.;τὴν ὑπάρχουσαν ξυμμαχίαν ἐ. Th.2.7
;βίον αὐτοῦ πάντα ἐξετάσω D.21.21
; ; ἐ., opp. ὑπέχειν λόγον, Arist.Rh. 1354a5; τὸ δι' ἀκριβείας -αζόμενον exactly weighed words, Pl.Tht. 184c; ἐ. τι < διὰ> τῶν εἰδότων make inquiries into a thing from.., Plb.10.8.1: folld. by Relat.,ἐ. ὅστις ἦν D.45.82
;ἐ. τί καὶ πῶς λέγουσι Pl.Phdr. 261a
;ἐ. τινά, τίνος ἐστὶ γένους Epicr.11.17
.2 of troops, inspect, review, Th.7.33,35, etc.;στρατιώτας σὺν τοῖς ὅπλοις Hell.Oxy.10.1
:—[voice] Pass.,στρατὸς δὲ θάσσει κἀξετάζεται E.Supp. 391
, cf. Th.6.97.3 ἐ. τὴν βουλήν, τὸ βουλευτικόν, = Lat. legere senatum, revise the roll of the Senate, D.C. 52.42, 54.13.4 examine, approve, PRev.Laws40.19 ([voice] Pass., iii B. C.), etc.5 pass in review, enumerate,ἁμαρτήματα ἀκριβῶς ἐ. Isoc.7.63
, cf. D.20.52,58.II examine or question a person closely, Hdt.3.62, S.Aj. 586, OC 211;τινὰ περί τινος Pl.Phdr. 258d
; , X.Cyr.6.2.35;δικαίως αὐτὸν ἐξετάσω D.21.154
, cf. 18.20;τὸν δεσπότην ὁ δοῦλος ἐξετάζει Id.45.76
:—[voice] Pass., Men.Epit. 65.III estimate, τι πρός τι one thing with reference to another, D.6.7;πρὸς ἐκείνους ἐ. καὶ παραβάλλειν ἐμέ Id.18.314
;ἰσοστάσιος ἦν ἡ πορφύρα πρὸς ἄργυρον ἐξεταζομένη Theopomp.Hist.114
, cf. Jul.Or. 3.119a;ἐ. τινὰ παρ' ἄλληλα D.18.265
, cf. Isoc.8.11; compare,πρὸς Ἀριστογείτονα ἐμαυτόν D.Ep.3.43
.IV prove by scrutiny or test, of gold, Chilo 1 ([voice] Pass.);ἐ. τοὺς κακούς τε κἀγαθούς X.Oec.20.14
;τοὺς χρησίμους D.34.38
: c. part.,ἐξητακὼς στερεοὺς ὑπάρχοντας τοὺς τόπους Plb.3.79.1
:—more freq. in [voice] Pass., ἐὰν μὴ παρὼν ἐ. unless he is proved to have been present, Pl.Lg. 764a; ; ἐξήτασαι πεποιηκώς ib.197; ἐξετάζεσθαι φίλος (sc. ὤν) E.Alc. 1011;ἐχθρὸς ἐξεταζόμενος D.21.65
;κατήγορος Id.22.66
;μέτριοι ἐν τοῖς ἀνηκέστοις Plu.2.74b
; of things, .V [voice] Pass., to be numbered, counted, c. gen.,ὧν εἷς ἐγὼ βουληθεὶς ἐξετάζεσθαι And.4.2
; to be found in the number of..,D.
19.291; μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων ἐξητάζετο he appeared among.., Id.18.217;ἔν τισι D.H.6.59
; to be placed on a roll, ἐν τοῖς ἱππικοῖς among the Equites at Rome, Plu.Pomp.14; of the census, ἐξητάσθησαν αἱ πᾶσαι πεντεκαίδεκα [μυριάδες] Id.caes.55.2 [voice] Pass., present oneself, appear, D.21.161;πρὸς τὸν ἄρχοντα.. οὐδέπω.. ἐξήτασται Id.37.46
, cf. 18.277.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐξετάζω
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11 ἐπιγράφω
A mark the surface, graze,ὀϊστὸς ἐπέγραψε χρόα φωτός Il.4.139
, cf. 13.553, Poll.4.179; μιν ἐπιγράψας having put a mark on the lot, Il. 7.187; ἄκροις δακτύλοις ἐ. trifle with dishes, Luc.Am.42.—In Hom. the word has not the sense of writing.II. write upon, inscribe,γράμματα Hdt.3.88
;τάδε Id.4.88
;ἐ. ὀνομαστὶ τὰς πόλεις Th.1.132
, cf. D.59.97;ἐπίγραμμα ὃ.. προείλεθ' ἡ πόλις αὐτοῖς ἐπιγράψαι Id.18.289
: abs.,ἐ. τοῖς ἀναθήμασι IG12.76.43
; esp. write or place an epitaph on a tomb, ib.14.1835, al., 7.2543.9: [voice] Med., have inscribed, ἐπεγράφουτὴν Γοργόνα Ar.Ach. 1095
(with play on 111.5);ἐλεγεῖον Th.1.132
:—[voice] Pass., of the inscription, to be inscribed upon, ἐπιγέγραπταίοἱ τάδε Hdt.5.77
, cf. 7.228; ; [ἐπίγραμμα] ὃ Μίδᾳ φασὶν ἐπιγεγράφθαι over or on the tomb of Midas, Pl.Phdr. 264c; ἐπιστολὴ -γεγραμμένη addressed, of a letter, Plb.16.36.4, cf. Plu.Cic.15; also, to have something inscribed upon one, ἐπεγράφοντο ῥόπαλα, ὡς Θηβαῖοι ὄντες used to bear clubs upon their shields, X.HG7.5.20; so ἀσπὶς ἐπιγεγραμμένη τὰς ὁμολογίας having the articles inscribed upon it, D.H.4.58.2. entitle,τοῦτο τὸ δρᾶμα Καλλίμαχος ἐ. Εὐνοῦχον Ath.11.496f
; αἱ -όμεναιΜαιανδρίου ἱστορίαι Inscr.Prien.37.104
(ii B.C.).3. sign, append a signature to, (iii B.C.); ἐ. τὸν Ἀντώνιον sign Antonius' name, App.BC5.144; αὑτοῦ ποιήματα ἐπέγραψεν (sc. τοῖς Ἑρμαῖς) inscribed poems signed by himself, Pl.Hipparch. 228d.4. write subsequently,αἱ ἐπιγραφεῖσαι διαθῆκαι J.AJ17.9.4
.III. freq.as law-term: 1. set down the penalty or damages in the title of an indictment (cf. ), τί δῆτά σοι τίμημ' ἐπιγράψω τῇ δίκῃ; Ar.Pl. 480; μέχρι πεντήκοντα δραχμῶν καθ' ἕκαστον ἀδίκημα ἐ. Lexap.Aeschin.1.38; τὰ ἐπιγεγραμμένα the damages claimed, D.29.8, cf. Pl.Lg. 915a; τιμημάτων- μένων Isoc.16.47
:—[voice] Med., Lexap.Aeschin.1.16.b. of a lawgiver, assign a punishment,τὰ μέγιστα ἐπιτίμια Aeschin.1.14
:— [voice] Pass., Din.2.12.c. make note of, enter, τὴν πρόφασιν, in inflicting a fine, Arist.Ath.8.4.2. register the citizens' names and property, with a view to taxes, lay a public burden upon one (cf.ἐπιγραφή 11.2
),ἐμαυτῷ.. τὴν μεγίστην εἰσφοράν Isoc.17.41
, cf. Arist.Oec. 1351b2; ἐ.δήμοις καὶ δυνάσταις στρατιωτῶν καταλόγους Plu.Crass.17
, cf. PHib.1.44.3 (iii B.C., [voice] Pass.), etc.; but ἐ. τινὰ προστίμοις visit with penalties, D.S.12.12(s.v.l.).b. assess, :—[voice] Pass., .3. generally, register or enter in a public list,ἐπιγράψαι σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἐπιτρόπους Is.6.36
; ἐ. τινὰ εἰς τοὺς πράκτορας register his name among the πράκτορες, Decr. ap. And.1.77 ([voice] Pass.):—[voice] Med., ἐπεγράψαντο πολίτας enrolled fresh citizens, Th.5.4;ξένην καὶ ξένον γονέας -ψάμενος D.57.51
; πῶς οἷόν τε τῷ ἀνδρὶ δύο πατέρας -ψασθαι; Is.4.4 (later in [voice] Act., ἑαυτῷ τινὰ πατέρα - γράφων claiming as his father, App.BC1.32).4. [voice] Med., ἐπιγράφεσθαι μάρτυρας cause to be endorsed on a deposition as witnesses, D.54.31;κλητῆρα οὐδ' ὁντινοῦν ἐπιγραψάμενος Id.21.87
; but ἐπιγράφεσθαι τίμημα τῷ κλήρῳ set one's valuation on the property, Is.3.2.5. προστάτην ἐπιγράψασθαι choose a patron, and enter his name as such in the public register (as μέτοικοι at Athens were obliged to do), Ar. Pax 684; so prob. ἐπεγράφοντο shd. be restored for - γραφον in Luc. Peregr.11;ἐπιγράψασθαί τινα κύριον D.43.15
; οἱ τὸν Πλάτωνα ἐπιγραφόμενοι, i.e. the Platonists, Luc.Herm.14:—[voice] Pass.,κύριος ἐπιγεγράφθαι D.43.15
, cf. POxy.251.32 (i A.D.),al.b. metaph., Ὅμηρον ἐπιγράφεσθαι attribute one's fluency to Homer, Luc.Dem.Enc.2; πρεσβυτέρους ἐ. χρόνους claim the authority of greater antiquity, Id.Am. 35.IV. ἐπιγράψαι ἐαυτὸν ἐπί τι claim credit for, Aeschin.3.167;ἀλλοτρίοις ἐαυτὸν πόνοις Ael.NA8.2
, cf. Plu.Pomp.31; αὐτὸς ἐ. τὴν νίκην claim as his own, J.AJ7.7.5:—so [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., τοιούτων ῥητόρων ἐπὶ τὰς τοῦ δήμου γνώμας ἐπιγραφομένων inscribing their names on.., Aeschin.1.188;ἐπιγράφεσθαι ἀλλοτρίαις γνώμαις D.59.43
; τὸν ; οἱ ἐπιγεγραμμένοι ἢ φυλάττοντες the parties whose names were endorsed upon the συνθῆκαι as securities, Arist.Rh. 1376b4; οἱ ἐπιγραφόμενοι τοῖςδόγμασι D.H.6.84
; ἡμεῖς δ' ἐσμὲν ἐπιγεγραμμένοι we are merely the endorsers, Men.482.8.V. ascribe to,τοῖς θεοῖς τὸ ἔργον Hld.8.9
(butθεὸν τῇ πομπῇ Philostr.VA8.12
):—[voice] Med.,Φοίβῳ τὰς ἀνίσους χεῖρας AP9.263
(Antiphil.).2. claim credit for,τὰ ὑπὸ ἄλλων εὑρημένα J.AJ3.4.2
; assume, προσωνυμίαν Plu Demetr.42; ἐπεγράψατοτὴν ἑαυτοῦ προσηγορίαν Id.Tim.36
:—[voice] Pass., of books, to be ascribed,τινί Gal.15.25
.3. predicate of,φυγὴν οὐ φυγόντι Philostr.VS2.1.12
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπιγράφω
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12 ὁμότιμος
A equally valued or honoured, held in equal honour, Il. 15.186 ; μακάρεσσι with them, Theoc.17.16 ;μακάρων Nonn.D.7.103
: c. gen. rei, τῆς στρατηγίας ὁ. having an equal share in the command, Plu.Fab.9; οἱ τῶν ὁμοτίμων καλούμενοι, among the Persians, chief nobles, peers, X.Cyr.2.1.9, cf. 7.5.85 : as title at the court of the Ptolemies,οἱ ὁ. τοῖς συγγενέσι PTeb. 254
(ii B.C.), PPar.15.20(ii B.C.). Adv.- μως Aristaenet.1.3
, Phlp.in APr.13.20, in AP0.367.9.2 equal in degree,σηπεδὼν ἐν ἅπασι τοῖς ἀγγείοις Gal.10.745
. Adv.- μως Id.2.653
, al.;ὁ. οἱ χυμοὶ διασήπονται Id.10.606
, cf.Ascl.in Metaph. 226.32, Steph.in Gal.1.270 D.: c. dat.,τοῖς ἰδίοις.. γνωρίσμασι τὰ συνακολουθοῦντα πολλάκις ὁ. γράφων
no less than..,Gal.
9.385.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὁμότιμος
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13 παράκλησις
παράκλησις, εως, ἡ (παρακαλέω; Thu.+).① act of emboldening another in belief or course of action, encouragement, exhortation (Thu. 8, 92, 11; Ps.-Pla., Def. 415e; Polyb. 1, 67, 10; 1, 72, 4; 22, 7, 2; Diod S 15, 56, 2; 2 Macc 7:24; Philo, Vi. Cont. 12; Jos., Vi. 87) 1 Th 2:3; 1 Ti 4:13; Hb 12:5. W. οἰκοδομή: λαλεῖν παράκλησιν speak words of exhortation 1 Cor 14:3. παράκλησις ἐν Χριστῷ Christian exhortation Phil 2:1 (mng. 3 is also prob.). Likew. interpretation varies betw. 1 and 3 for Ro 12:8 (s. παρακαλέω 2 and 4).—2 Cor 8:17 could stand under 1, but prob. may better be classed w. 2. λόγος τῆς π. word of exhortation (cp. 2 Macc 15:11 ἡ ἐν τοῖς λόγοις παράκλησις; 7:24; Dio Chrys. 1, 9) Hb 13:22; cp. Ac 13:15. ἰσχυρὰν παράκλησιν ἔχειν be greatly encouraged Hb 6:18.② strong request, appeal, request (Strabo 13, 1, 1; Appian, Liby. 51 §221; PTebt 392, 26; 36 [II A.D.]; PLond III, 1164d, 10 p. 159 [212 A.D.]; in pap VI A.D. oft. w. δέησις; 1 Macc 10:24; Jos., Ant. 3, 22) μετὰ πολλῆς π. δεόμενοι request earnestly 2 Cor 8:4 (μετὰ παρακλήσεως as Astrampsychus p. 28 Dec. 53, 5). παράκλησιν ἐδέξατο he has accepted (my) appeal vs. 17 (Jos., Vi. 193; s. 1 above; but also Betz p. 70f).③ lifting of another’s spirits, comfort, consolation (Epict. 3, 23, 28; Dio Chrys. 80 [30], 6; Phalaris, Ep. 103, 1; Jer 16:7; Hos 13:14; Na 3:7; Job 21:2) Ac 9:31; 2 Cor 1:4–7; 7:4, 13; Phil 2:1 (s. 1 above); Phlm 7. παράκλησις αἰωνία everlasting (=inexhaustible) comfort 2 Th 2:16. ἡ π. τῶν γραφῶν the consolation that the sciptures give Ro 15:4 (cp. 1 Macc 12:9 παράκλησιν ἔχοντες τὰ βιβλία τὰ ἅγια). ὁ θεὸς τῆς π. vs. 5; cp. 2 Cor 1:3. Of comforting circumstances, events, etc. Lk 6:24; Ac 15:31; 2 Cor 7:7.—In an eschatol. sense (Ps.-Clem., Hom. 3, 26 ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι αἰῶνι) προσδεχόμενος π. τοῦ Ἰσραήλ looking for the consolation of Israel (i.e. Messianic salvation; s. Is 40:1; 61:2) Lk 2:25 (s. Dalman, Worte 89f; Billerb. II 124–26.—In later times Jews occasionally called the Messiah himself מְנַחֵם=‘comforter’; s. Billerb. I 66; Bousset, Rel.3 227).—Ac 4:36 The name Barnabas is translated υἱὸς παρακλήσεως (s. βαρναβᾶς and s. also Dalman, Gramm.2, 178, 4).—DELG s.v. καλέω. M-M. TW. Sv. -
14 προβιβάζω
προβιβάζω (Aristoph., Soph., Pla. et al.; PBad 39 II, 4 [IV A.D.]; Just., D. 90, 1) fut. 2 sg. προβιβάσεις Dt 6:7; 1 aor. προεβίβασα; pass. ptc. προβιβασθείς cause to come forward (Soph., Oed. Col. 180; Kaibel 947, 1) ἐκ τοῦ ὄχλου προεβίβασαν Ἀλέξανδρον they made Alexander come out from the crowd Ac 19:33 v.l. ἡ δὲ προβιβασθεῖσα ὑπὸ τῆς μητρός but she, pushed forward by her mother Mt 14:8 (here many prefer the mng. ‘incite, urge on [beforehand], prompt’. But προβιβ. εἴς τι in places like X., Mem. 1, 5, 1 εἰς ἐγκράτειαν, Pla., Prot. 328b εἰς ἀρετήν, Musonius p. 60, 5 H. νέους εἰς φιλοσοφίαν means ‘lead on to’, ‘train in’. Even more compelling is usage in the LXX, where the word=‘instruct, teach, inculcate’: Ex 35:34; Dt 6:7; Just., D. 90, 1 ἡμᾶς … προβίβασον ἐκ τῶν γραφῶν). ‘Coached’ may best express the mng.—DELG s.v. βαίνω. M-M. Spicq. -
15 ἀπό
ἀπό (Hom.+) prep. w. gen. (see the lit. on ἀνά, beg., also for ἀπό: KDieterich, IndogF 24, 1909, 93–158; LfgrE s.v.). Basic sense ‘separation from’ someone or someth., fr. which the other uses have developed. In the NT it has encroached on the domain of Att. ἐκ, ὑπό, παρά, and the gen. of separation; s. Mlt. 102; 246; Mlt-Turner 258f.① a marker to indicate separation from a place, whether person or thing, from, away fromⓐ w. all verbs denoting motion, esp. those compounded w. ἀπό: ἀπάγεσθαι, ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι, ἀπελαύνειν, ἀπέρχεσθαι, ἀπολύεσθαι, ἀποπλανᾶσθαι, ἀποστέλλειν, ἀποφεύγειν, ἀποχωρεῖν, ἀποχωρίζεσθαι; but also w. ἀνίστασθαι, διαστῆναι, διέρχεσθαι, ἐκδημεῖν, ἐκκινεῖν, ἐκπλεῖν, ἐκπορεύεσθαι, ἐξέρχεσθαι, ἐξωθεῖν, ἐπιδιδόναι, μεταβαίνειν, μετατίθεσθαι, νοσφίζειν, παραγίνεσθαι, πλανᾶσθαι, πορεύεσθαι, ὑπάγειν, ὑποστρέφειν, φεύγειν; s. the entries in question.ⓑ w. all verbs expressing the idea of separation ἐκβάλλειν τὸ κάρφος ἀ. τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ remove the splinter fr. the eye Mt 7:4 v.l. (for ἐκ). ἐξέβαλον ἀπὸ τῆς πήρας αὐτῶν δῶρα they set forth gifts out of their travel bags GJs 21:3. ἀπολύεσθαι ἀ. ἀνδρός be divorced fr. her husband Lk 16:18, cp. Ac 15:33. ἀποκυλίειν, ἀπολαμβάνεσθαι, ἀποστρέφειν, ἐπιστρέφεσθαι, ἐπανάγειν, αἴρειν, ἀφαιρεῖν, ἀπολέσθαι, μερίζειν et al., s. the pertinent entries. So also κενὸς ἀ. τινος Hs 9, 19, 2. ἔρημος ἀ. τινος (Jer 51:2) 2 Cl 2:3. W. verbs which express the concept of separation in the wider sense, like loose, free, acquit et al. ἀπορφανίζειν, ἀποσπᾶν, διεγείρεσθαι, δικαιοῦν, ἐκδικοῦν, ἐλευθεροῦν, λούειν, λύειν, λυτροῦν, ῥαντίζειν, σαλεύειν, στέλλειν, σῴζειν, φθείρειν, s. the entries; hence also ἀθῷος (Sus 46 Theod. v.l.) Mt 27:24. καθαρὸς ἀ. τινος (Tob 3:14; but s. Dssm. NB 24 [BS 196; 216]) Ac 20:26; cp. Kuhring 54.ⓒ verbs meaning be on guard, be ashamed, etc., take ἀπό to express the occasion or object of their caution, shame, or fear; so αἰσχύνεσθαι, βλέπειν, μετανοεῖν, προσέχειν, φοβεῖσθαι, φυλάσσειν, φυλάσσεσθαι; s. 5 below.ⓓ w. verbs of concealing, hiding, hindering, the pers. from whom someth. is concealed is found w. ἀπό; so κρύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, παρακαλύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, κωλύειν τι ἀπό τινος; s. the entries.ⓔ in pregnant constr. like ἀνάθεμα εἶναι ἀ. τοῦ Χριστοῦ be separated fr. Christ by a curse Ro 9:3. μετανοεῖν ἀ. τ. κακίας (Jer 8:6) Ac 8:22. ἀποθνῄσκειν ἀ. τινος through death become free from Col 2:20. φθείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. ἁπλότητος be ruinously diverted from wholehearted commitment 2 Cor 11:3. Cp. Hs 6, 2, 4.ⓕ as a substitute for the partitive gen. (Hdt. 6, 27, 2; Thu. 7, 87, 6; PPetr III, 11, 20; PIand 8, 6; Kuhring 20; Rossberg 22; Johannessohn, Präp. 17) τίνα ἀ. τῶν δύο; Mt 27:21, cp. Lk 9:38; 19:39 (like PTebt 299, 13; 1 Macc 1:13; 3:24; Sir 6:6; 46:8). τὰ ἀ. τοῦ πλοίου pieces of the ship Ac 27:44. ἐκχεῶ ἀ. τοῦ πνεύματός μου Ac 2:17f (Jo 3:1f). λαμβάνειν ἀ. τ. καρπῶν get a share of the vintage Mk 12:2 (cp. Just., A I, 65, 5 μεταλαβεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ … ἄρτου).—Of foods (as in Da 1:13, 4:33a; 2 Macc 7:1) ἐσθίειν ἀ. τ. ψιχίων eat some of the crumbs Mt 15:27; Mk 7:28. χορτάζεσθαι ἀ. τινος eat one’s fill of someth. Lk 16:21. αἴρειν ἀ. τῶν ἰχθύων pick up the remnants of the fish Mk 6:43. ἐνέγκατε ἀ. τ. ὀψαρίων bring some of the fish J 21:10 (the only instance of this usage in J; s. M-EBoismard, Le chapitre 21 de Saint Jean: RB 54 [’47] 492).—Of drink (cp. Sir 26:12) πίνειν ἀπὸ τ. γενήματος τῆς ἀμπέλου drink the product of the vine Lk 22:18.② to indicate the point from which someth. begins, whether lit. or fig.ⓐ of place from, out from (Just., D. 86, 1 ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας ὕδωρ ἀναβλύσαν ‘gushing out of the rock’) σημεῖον ἀ. τ. οὐρανοῦ a sign fr. heaven Mk 8:11. ἀ. πόλεως εἰς πόλιν from one city to another Mt 23:34. ἀπʼ ἄκρων οὐρανῶν ἕως ἄκρων αὐτῶν (Dt 30:4; Ps 18:7) from one end of heaven to the other 24:31, cp. Mk 13:27. ἀπʼ ἄνωθεν ἕως κάτω from top to bottom Mt 27:51. ἀρξάμενοι ἀ. Ἰερουσαλήμ beginning in Jerusalem Lk 24:47 (s. also Lk 23:5; Ac 1:22; 10:37). ἀφʼ ὑμῶν ἐξήχηται ὁ λόγος τ. κυρίου the word of the Lord has gone out from you and sounded forth 1 Th 1:8. ἀπὸ βορρᾶ, ἀπὸ νότου in the north, in the south (PCairGoodsp 6, 5 [129 B.C.] ἐν τῷ ἀπὸ νότου πεδίῳ; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 11A col. 1, 12f [123 B.C.] τὸ ἀπὸ νότου τῆς πόλεως χῶμα; ln. 7 ἀπὸ βορρᾶ τῆς πόλεως; 70, 16 al.; Josh 18:5; 19:34; 1 Km 14:5) Rv 21:13.ⓑ of time from … (on), since (POxy 523, 4; Mel., HE 4, 26, 8; s. Kuhring 54ff).α. ἀ. τῶν ἡμερῶν Ἰωάννου from the days of John Mt 11:12. ἀ. τῆς ὥρας ἐκείνης 9:22. ἀπʼ ἐκείνης τ. ἡμέρας (Jos., Bell. 4, 318, Ant. 7, 382) Mt 22:46; J 11:53. ἔτη ἑπτὰ ἀ. τῆς παρθενίας αὐτῆς for seven years fr. the time she was a virgin Lk 2:36. ἀ. ἐτῶν δώδεκα for 12 years 8:43. ἀ. τρίτης ὥρας τῆς νυκτός Ac 23:23. ἀ. κτίσεως κόσμου Ro 1:20. ἀ. πέρυσι since last year, a year ago 2 Cor 8:10; 9:2.—ἀπʼ αἰῶνος, ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς, ἀπʼ ἄρτι (also ἀπαρτί and ἄρτι), ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου, ἀπὸ τότε, ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν; s. the pertinent entries.β. w. the limits defined, forward and backward: ἀπὸ … ἕως (Jos., Ant. 6, 364) Mt 27:45. ἀπὸ … ἄχρι Phil 1:5. ἀπὸ … μέχρι Ac 10:30; Ro 5:14; 15:19.γ. ἀφʼ ἧς (sc. ὥρας or ἡμέρας, which is found Col 1:6, 9; but ἀφʼ ἧς became a fixed formula: ParJer 7:28; Plut., Pelop. [285] 15, 5; s. B-D-F §241, 2) since Lk 7:45 (Renehan ’75, 36f); Ac 24:11; 2 Pt 3:4 (cp. X., Hell. 4, 6, 6; 1 Macc 1:11). ἀφʼ οὗ (sc.—as in X., Cyr. 1, 2, 13—χρόνου; Att. ins in Meisterhans.3-Schw. and s. Witkowski, index 163; ἀφʼ οὗ is also a formula) since, when once (X., Symp. 4, 62; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 16 Jac.; Lucian, Dial. Mar. 15, 1; Ex 5:23 GrBar 3:6) Lk 13:25; 24:21; Rv 16:18 (cp. Da 12:1; 1 Macc 9:29; 16:24; 2 Macc 1:7; TestAbr B 13 p. 117, 23; GrBar; Jos., Ant. 4, 78). τρία ἔτη ἀφʼ οὗ (cp. Tob 5:35 S) Lk 13:7. ἀφότε s. ὅτε 1aγ end.ⓒ the beg. of a series from … (on).α. ἀρξάμενος ἀ. Μωϋσέως καὶ ἀ. πάντων τ. προφητῶν beginning w. Moses and all the prophets Lk 24:27. ἕβδομος ἀ. Ἀδάμ Jd 14 (Diod S 1, 50, 3 ὄγδοος ὁ ἀπὸ τοῦ πατρός [ancestor]; Appian, Mithrid. 9 §29 τὸν ἕκτον ἀπὸ τοῦ πρώτου Μιθριδάτην; Arrian, Anab. 7, 12, 4; Diog. L. 3, 1: Plato in the line of descent was ἕκτος ἀπὸ Σόλωνος; Biogr. p. 31: Homer δέκατος ἀπὸ Μουσαίου). ἀ. διετοῦς καὶ κατωτέρω Mt 2:16 (cp. Num 1:20; 2 Esdr 3:8).β. w. both beg. and end given ἀπὸ … ἕως (Sir 18:26; 1 Macc 9:13) Mt 1:17; 23:35; Ac 8:10. Sim., ἀ. δόξης εἰς δόξαν fr. glory to glory 2 Cor 3:18.③ to indicate origin or source, fromⓐ lit., with verbs of motionα. down from πίπτειν ἀ. τραπέζης Mt 15:27. καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀ. θρόνων God has dethroned rulers Lk 1:52.β. from ἔρχεσθαι ἀ. θεοῦ J 3:2; cp. 13:3; 16:30. παραγίνεται ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας Mt 3:13; ἀ. ἀνατολῶν ἥξουσιν 8:11 (Is 49:12; 59:19); ἀ. τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἐπορεύετο 24:1; ἀ. Παμφυλίας Ac 15:38. ἐγείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. νεκρῶν be raised from the dead Mt 14:2.ⓑ lit., to indicate someone’s local origin from (Hom. et al.; Soph., El. 701; Hdt. 8, 114; ins [RevArch 4 sér. IV 1904 p. 9 ἀπὸ Θεσσαλονίκης]; pap [HBraunert, Binnenwanderung ’64, 384, s.v.; PFlor 14, 2; 15, 5; 17, 4; 22, 13 al.]; Judg 12:8; 13:2; 17:1 [all three acc. to B]; 2 Km 23:20 al.; Jos., Bell. 3, 422, Vi. 217; Just., A I, 1 τῶν ἀπὸ Φλαουί̈ας Νέας πόλεως; s. B-D-F §209, 3; Rob. 578) ἦν ἀ. Βηθσαϊδά he was from B. J 1:44; cp. 12:21. ὄχλοι ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας crowds fr. Galilee Mt 4:25. ἄνδρες ἀ. παντὸς ἔθνους Ac 2:5. ἀνὴρ ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου a man fr. the crowd Lk 9:38. ὁ προφήτης ὁ ἀ. Ναζαρέθ Mt 21:11. οἱ ἀ. Κιλικίας the Cilicians Ac 6:9. οἱ ἀδελφοὶ οἱ ἀ. Ἰόππης 10:23 (Musaeus 153 παρθένος ἀπʼ Ἀρκαδίας; Just., A I, 58, 1 Μακρίωνα … τὸν ἀπὸ Πόντου). οἱ ἀ. Θεσσαλονίκης Ἰουδαῖοι 17:13. οἱ ἀ. τῆς Ἰταλίας the Italians Hb 13:24, who could be inside as well as outside Italy (cp. Dssm., Her. 33, 1898, 344, LO 167, 1 [LAE 200, 3]; Mlt. 237; B-D-F §437).—Rather denoting close association οἱ ἀ. τῆς ἐκκλησίας members of the church Ac 12:1; likew. 15:5 (cp. Plut., Cato Min. 4, 2 οἱ ἀπὸ τ. στοᾶς φιλόσοφοι; Ps.-Demetr. c. 68 οἱ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ=his [Isocrates’] pupils; Synes., Ep. 4 p. 162b; 66 p. 206c; PTebt 33, 3 [112 B.C.], Ῥωμαῖος τῶν ἀπὸ συγκλήτου; Ar. 15, 1 Χριστιανοὶ γενεαλογοῦνται ἀπὸ … Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ; Ath.).—To indicate origin in the sense of material fr. which someth. is made (Hdt. 7, 65; Theocr. 15, 117; IPriene 117, 72 ἀπὸ χρυσοῦ; 1 Esdr 8:56; Sir 43:20 v.l.) ἔνδυμα ἀ. τριχῶν καμήλου clothing made of camel’s hair Mt 3:4.ⓒ fig., w. verbs of asking, desiring, to denote the pers. of or from whom a thing is asked (Ar. 11, 3): δανίσασθαι ἀπό τινος borrow fr. someone Mt 5:42. ἐκζητεῖν ἀ. τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης Lk 11:51. ἀπαιτεῖν τι ἀπό τινος Lk 12:20. ζητεῖν τι ἀπό τινος 1 Th 2:6. λαμβάνειν τι ἀπό τινος Mt 17:25f; 3J 7.ⓓ fig., w. verbs of perceiving, to indicate source of the perception (Lysias, Andoc. 6; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 6, 399b ἀπʼ αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων θεωρεῖται ὁ θεός; Appian, Liby. 104 §493 ἀπὸ τῆς σφραγῖδος=[recognize a corpse] by the seal-ring; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 1 στοχάζεσθαι ἀπὸ τῶν ὀνομάτων; Just., D. 60, 1 τοῦτο νοοῦμεν ἀπὸ τῶν λόγων τῶν προλελεγμένων; 100, 2 ἀπὸ τῶν γραφῶν): ἀ. τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτούς by their fruits you will know them Mt 7:16, 20. μανθάνειν παραβολὴν ἀ. τῆς συκῆς learn a lesson from the fig tree 24:32; Mk 13:28. ἀπὸ τῶν σπερμάτων μὴ ποιεῖσθαι τὴν παραβολήν if we are not to derive our parable solely from reference to seeds (cp. 1 Cor 15:37) AcPlCor 2:28.—Also μανθάνειν τι ἀπό τινος learn someth. fr. someone Gal 3:2; Col 1:7.ⓔ γράψαι ἀφʼ ὧν ἠδυνήθην, lit., write from what I was able, i.e. as well as I could B 21:9 (cp. Tat. 12, 5 οὐκ ἀπὸ γλώττης οὐδὲ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰκότων οὐδὲ ἀπʼ ἐννοιῶν etc.).④ to indicate distance fr. a point, away from, for μακρὰν ἀ. τινος far fr. someone, ἀπὸ μακρόθεν fr. a great distance s. μακράν, μακρόθεν. ἀπέχειν ἀπό τινος s. ἀπέχω 4. W. detailed measurements (corresp. to Lat. ‘a’, s. B-D-F §161, 1; Rob. 575; WSchulze, Graeca Latina 1901, 15ff; Hdb. on J 11:18; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 12 §42; CB I/2, 390 no. 248) ἦν Βηθανία ἐγγὺς τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ὡς ἀπὸ σταδίων δεκατέντε Bethany was near Jerusalem, about 15 stades (less than 3 km.) away J 11:18. ὡς ἀπὸ πηχῶν διακοσίων about 200 cubits (c. 90 meters) 21:8. ἀπὸ σταδίων χιλίων ἑξακοσίων about 1600 stades (c. 320 km.) Rv 14:20; cp. Hv 4, 1, 5 (for other examples of this usage, s. Rydbeck 68).—Hebraistically ἀπὸ προσώπου τινός (Gen 16:6; Jer 4:26; Jdth 2:14; Sir 21:2; 1 Macc 5:34; En 103:4; Just., A I, 37, 1 ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ πατρὸς ἐλέχθησαν διὰ Ἠσαίου … οἵδε οἱ λόγοι ‘in the name of the father … through Isaiah’; 38, 1 al.)=מִפְּנֵי פ׳ ( away) from the presence of someone 2 Th 1:9 (Is 2:10, 19, 21); Rv 12:14 (B-D-F §140; 217, 1; Mlt-H. 466).⑤ to indicate cause, means, or outcomeⓐ gener., to show the reason for someth. because of, as a result of, for (numerous ref. in FBleek on Hb 5:7; PFay 111, 4; POxy 3314, 7 [from falling off a horse]; Jdth 2:20; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010]; AscIs 3:13; Jos., Ant. 9, 56) οὐκ ἠδύνατο ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου he could not because of the crowd Lk 19:3; cp. Mk 2:4 D. οὐκ ἐνέβλεπον ἀπὸ τῆς δόξης τοῦ φωτός I could not see because of the brilliance of the light Ac 22:11. ἀ. τοῦ πλήθους τ. ἰχθύων J 21:6 (M-EBoismard, ad loc.: s. 1f end). ἀ. τοῦ ὕδατος for the water Hs 8, 2, 8. ἀ. τῆς θλίψεως because of the persecution Ac 11:19. οὐαὶ τῷ κόσμῳ ἀ. τ. σκανδάλων Mt 18:7 (s. B-D-F §176, 1; Mlt. 246). εἰσακουσθεὶς ἀ. τῆς εὐλαβείας heard because of his piety Hb 5:7 (but the text may be corrupt; at any rate it is obscure and variously interpr.; besides the comm. s. KRomaniuk, Die Gottesfürchtigen im NT: Aegyptus 44, ’64, 84; B-D-F §211; Rob. 580; s. on εὐλάβεια).ⓑ to indicate means with the help of, with (Hdt. et al.; Ael. Aristid. 37, 23 K.=2 p. 25 D.; PGM 4, 2128f σφράγιζε ἀπὸ ῥύπου=seal with dirt; En 97:8) γεμίσαι τὴν κοιλίαν ἀ. τ. κερατίων fill one’s stomach w. the husks Lk 15:16 v.l. (s. ἐκ 4aζ; cp. Pr 18:20). οἱ πλουτήσαντες ἀπʼ αὐτῆς Rv 18:15 (cp. Sir 11:18).ⓒ to indicate motive or reason for, from, with (Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 13 §52 ἀπʼ εὐνοίας=with goodwill; 1 Macc 6:10; pap exx. in Kuhring 35) κοιμᾶσθαι ἀ. τῆς λύπης sleep from sorrow Lk 22:45. ἀ. τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτοῦ Mt 13:44; cp. Lk 24:41; Ac 12:14. ἀ. τοῦ φόβου κράζειν Mt 14:26, ἀ. φόβου καὶ προσδοκίας with fear and expectation Lk 21:26. Hence verbs of fearing, etc., take ἀ. to show the cause of the fear (s. above 1c) μὴ φοβεῖσθαι ἀ. τ. ἀποκτεννόντων τὸ σῶμα not be afraid of those who kill only the body Mt 10:28; Lk 12:4 (cp. Jdth 5:23; 1 Macc 2:62; 3:22; 8:12; En 106:4).ⓓ to indicate the originator of the action denoted by the verb from (Trag., Hdt. et al.) ἀ. σοῦ σημεῖον ἰδεῖν Mt 12:38. γινώσκειν ἀπό τινος learn fr. someone Mk 15:45. ἀκούειν ἀ. τοῦ στόματός τινος hear fr. someone’s mouth, i.e. fr. him personally Lk 22:71 (Dionys. Hal. 3, 8 ἀ. στόματος ἤκουσεν); cp. Ac 9:13; 1J 1:5. τὴν ἀ. σοῦ ἐπαγγελίαν a promise given by you Ac 23:21 (cp. Ath. 2, 3 ταῖς ἀπὸ τῶν κατηγόρων αἰτίαις ‘the charges made by the accusers’). ἀφʼ ἑνὸς ἐγενήθησαν Hb 11:12. Prob. παραλαμβάνειν ἀ. τοῦ κυρίου 1 Cor 11:23 is to be understood in the same way: Paul is convinced that he is taught by the Lord himself (for direct teaching s. EBröse, Die Präp. ἀπό 1 Cor 11:23: StKr 71, 1898, 351–60; Dssm.; BWeiss; Ltzm.; H-DWendland. But for indirect communication: Zahn et al.). παραλαβὼν ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων Φιλίππου, ὅτι Papias (11:2); opp. παρειληφέναι ὑπὸ τῶν θ. Φ. (2:9).—Of the more remote cause ἀπʼ ἀνθρώπων from human beings (as opposed to transcendent revelation; w. διʼ ἀνθρώπου; cp. Artem. 1, 73 p. 66, 11 ἀπὸ γυναικῶν ἢ διὰ γυναικῶν; 2, 36 p. 135, 26) Gal 1:1. ἀ. κυρίου πνεύματος fr. the Lord, who is the Spirit 2 Cor 3:18. ἔχειν τι ἀπό τινος have (received) someth. fr. someone 1 Cor 6:19; 1 Ti 3:7; 1J 2:20; 4:21.—In salutation formulas εἰρήνη ἀ. θεοῦ πατρός ἡμῶν peace that comes from God, our father Ro 1:7; 1 Cor 1:3; 2 Cor 1:2; Gal 1:3; Eph 1:2; cp. 6:23; Phil 1:2; Col 1:2; 1 Th 1:1 v.l.; 2 Th 1:2; 1 Ti 1:2; 2 Ti 1:2; Tit 1:4; Phlm 3. σοφία ἀ. θεοῦ wisdom that comes fr. God 1 Cor 1:30. ἔπαινος ἀ. θεοῦ praise fr. God 4:5. καὶ τοῦτο ἀ. θεοῦ and that brought about by God Phil 1:28. The expr. εἰρήνη ἀπὸ ‘ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος’ Rv 1:4 is quite extraordinary. It may be an interpretation of the name Yahweh already current, or an attempt to show reverence for the divine name by preserving it unchanged, or simply one more of the grammatical peculiarities so frequent in Rv (Meyer6-Bousset 1906, 159ff; Mlt. 9, note 1; cp. PParis 51, 33 ἀπὸ ἀπηλιότης; Mussies 93f, 328).ⓔ to indicate responsible agents for someth., from, ofα. the self, st. Gk. usage (Thu. 5, 60, 1; X., Mem. 2, 10, 3; Andoc., Orat. 2, 4 οὗτοι οὐκ ἀφʼ αὑτῶν ταῦτα πράττουσιν; Diod S 17, 56; Num 16:28; 4 Macc 11:3; En 98:4; TestAbr A 15 p. 95, 26 [Stone p. 38]; 18 p. 101, 6 [Stone p. 50]; Just., A I, 43, 8) the expr. ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ (pl. ἀφʼ ἑαυτῶν) of himself and ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ of myself are common Lk 12:57; 21:30; 2 Cor 3:5, esp. so in J: 5:19, 30; 8:28; 10:18; 15:4.—7:17f; 11:51; 14:10; 16:13; 18:34. So also ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ οὐκ ἐλήλυθα I did not come of myself (opp. the Father sent me) 7:28; 8:42.β. fr. others. W. verbs in the pass. voice or pass. mng. ὑπό is somet. replaced by ἀπό (in isolated cases in older Gk. e.g. Thu. 1, 17 et al. [Kühner-G. II/1 p. 457f]; freq. in later Gk.: Polyb. 1, 79, 14; Hero I 152, 6; 388, 11; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 130, 130 Jac.; IG XII/5, 29, 1; SIG 820, 9; PLond III, 1173, 12 p. 208; BGU 1185, 26; PFlor 150, 6 ἀ. τῶν μυῶν κατεσθιόμενα; PGM 4, 256; Kuhring 36f; 1 Macc 15:17; Sir 16:4; ParJer 1:1 ᾐχμαλωτεύθησαν … ἀπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 62; Just., A I, 68, 6 ἐπιστολὴν … γραφεῖσάν μοι ἀπὸ Σερήνου, D. 121, 3 ἀπὸ παντὸς [γένους] μετάνοιαν πεποιῆσθαι. See B-D-F §210; Rob. 820; GHatzidakis, Einl. in d. neugriech. Gramm. 1892, 211; AJannaris, An Histor. Gk. Grammar 1897, §1507). Yet just at this point the textual tradition varies considerably, and the choice of prep. is prob. at times influenced by the wish to express special nuances of mng. Lk 8:29b v.l. (ὑπό text); 43b (ὑπό v.l.); 10:22 D; ἀποδεδειγμένος ἀ. τ. θεοῦ attested by God Ac 2:22. ἐπικληθεὶς Βαρναβᾶς ἀ. (ὑπό v.l.) τ. ἀποστόλων named B. by the apostles 4:36. κατενεχθεὶς ἀ. τοῦ ὕπνου overcome by sleep 20:9. ἀθετούμενος ἀπὸ τῶν παραχαρασσόντων τὰ λόγια αὐτοῦ inasmuch as (Jesus) is being rejected by those who falsify his words AcPlCor 2:3. νεκροῦ βληθέντος ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐπʼ αὐτά when a corpse was cast upon them (the bones of Elisha) 2:32. In such cases ἀπό freq. denotes the one who indirectly originates an action, and can be transl. at the hands of, by command of: πολλὰ παθεῖν ἀ. τ. πρεσβυτέρων suffer much at the hands of the elders Mt 16:21; cp. Lk 9:22; 17:25, where the emphasis is to be placed on παθεῖν, not on ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι. In ἀ. θεοῦ πειράζομαι the thought is that the temptation is caused by God, though not actually carried out by God Js 1:13. ἡτοιμασμένος ἀ. τοῦ θεοῦ prepared by God’s command, not by God in person Rv 12:6.⑥ In a few expr. ἀπό helps to take the place of an adverb. ἀπὸ μέρους, s. μέρος 1c.—ἡμέρᾳ ἀφʼ ἡμέρας day by day GJs 12:3.—ἀπὸ μιᾶς (acc. to Wlh., Einl.2 26, an Aramaism, min ḥădā˒=at once [s. MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 113]; but this does not explain the fem. gender, found also in the formulaic ἐπὶ μιᾶς Maxim. Tyr. 6, 3f En 99:9 [s. SAalen, NTS 13, ’67, 3] and in Mod. Gk. μὲ μιᾶς at once [Thumb §162 note 2]. PSI 286, 22 uses ἀπὸ μιᾶς of a payment made ‘at once’; on the phrase s. New Docs 2, 189. Orig. γνώμης might have been a part of the expr. [Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 73], or ὁρμῆς [Thu. 7, 71, 6], or γλώσσης [Cass. Dio 44, 36, 2], or φωνῆς [Herodian 1, 4, 8]; cp. ἀπὸ μιᾶς φωνῆς Plut., Mor. 502d of an echo; s. B-D-F §241, 6) unanimously, alike, in concert Lk 14:18. Sim. ἀπὸ τ. καρδιῶν fr. (your) hearts, sincerely Mt 18:35.—Himerius, Or. 39 [=Or. 5], 6 has as a formula διὰ μιᾶς, probably = continuously, uninterruptedly, Or. 44 [=Or. 8], 2 fuller διὰ μιᾶς τῆς σπουδῆς=with one and the same, or with quite similar zeal.—M-M. -
16 ἐκλέγομαι
ἐκλέγομαι impf. ἐξελεγόμην; fut. ἐκλέξομαι LXX; 1 aor. ἐξελεξάμην. Pass. 2 aor. ἐξελέγην; pf. pass. ἐκλέλεγμαι, ptc. ἐκλελεγμένος Lk 9:35 (Hdt.+; ins, pap, LXX; En 6:2; 7:1; TestJob 9:4; Test12Patr; JosAs cod. A [p. 68, 20 and 71:15 Bat.]; EpArist; Joseph., Just.; Mel., P. 83, 622 ; the act. does not occur in our lit.)[b]① to pick out someone or someth., choose (for oneself) τινά (τί) someone (someth.) w. indication of that from which the selection is made τινὰ ἔκ τινος (Isocr. 9, 58; 2 Km 24:12; 2 Ch 33:7; Sir 45:4; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 16 and18 Jac.; ἐκ τῶν γραφῶν Iren. 1, 19, 1 [Harv. I 175, 9; of the ‘eclecticism’ of dissidents]) choose someone fr. among a number πάντων 1 Cl 59:3; of two Ac 1:24. ὑμᾶς ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου J 15:19. ἐξ αὐτῶν Hs 9, 9, 3. ἐκλεξαμένους ἄνδρας ἐξ αὐτῶν πέμψαι to choose men fr. among them and to send them Ac 15:22, cp. 25. For this τινὰ ἀπό τινος (Dt 14:2; Sir 45:16; Just. D. 27, 1 ἀπὸ τῶν προφητικῶν λόγων): ἀπʼ αὐτῶν δώδεκα twelve of them Lk 6:13.② to make a choice in accordance with significant preference, select someone/someth. for oneself, w. simple acc.ⓐ w. acc. of pers. (Jo 2:16; Bar 3:27; 1 Macc 10:32; Jos., Ant. 7, 372 God chooses Solomon; Just., D. 17, 1 ἄνδρας; Mel., P. 83 [Bodm.] σέ): Mk 13:20; J 13:18; 15:16; GEb 19, 85 and 34, 60. Jesus 1 Cl 64. The twelve J 6:70; PtK 3 p. 15, 17. The apostles Ac 1:2; B 5:9. Stephen Ac 6:5. A faithful slave Hs 5, 2, 2. Of God: the ancestors (as God’s own) Ac 13:17 (oft. LXX, cp. Dt 4:37; 10:15).ⓑ w. acc. of thing (X., Mem. 1, 6, 14; Pla., Leg. 2, 670d, Tim. p. 24c; Demosth. 18, 261 et al.; PMagd 29, 4 [III B.C.]=PEnteux 66, 4 τ. βέλτιστον τόπον; Is 40:20; 1 Macc 7:37; 2 Ch 35:19d; Jos., Bell. 2, 149 τόπους; Just., A I, 43, 7 τὰ καλά; Hippol., Ref. 5, 9, 20): B 21:1; good part Lk 10:42; places of honor 14:7; a good place Hv 3, 1, 3; a fast B 3:1, 3 (Is 58:5f).ⓒ w. indication of the purpose for which the choice is made:α. εἴς τι for someth. (Ps 32:12; Just., D. 67, 2 ἐκλεγήναι εἰς Χριστόν) eternal life Hv 4, 3, 5. εἰς τὸ ἱερατεύειν to be priest 1 Cl 43:4.β. w. ἵνα foll. 1 Cor 1:27f.γ. w. inf. foll. (1 Ch 15:2; 28:5; 1 Esdr 5:1) ἐξελέξατο ἡμᾶς εἶναι ἡμᾶς ἁγίους he has chosen us that we might be holy Eph 1:4. Without obj. ἐν ὑμῖν ἐξελέξατο ὁ θεὸς διὰ τοῦ στόματός μου ἀκοῦσαι in your presence God chose that (they) were to hear through my mouth Ac 15:7. W. ellipsis of the inf. ἐξελέξατο τοὺς πτωχοὺς (sc. εἶναι) πλουσίους (God) chose the poor that they might be rich Js 2:5.δ. abs.: ἐκλελεγμένος chosen of Jesus, as God’s child Lk 9:35 (cp. ὸ̔ν ὁ πατὴρ … ἐξελέξατο διὰ λόγου εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν αὐτοῦ Iren. 1, 15, 3 [Harv. I 150, 6]; ἀγαπητός is found in the parallels Mt 17:5; Mk 9:7, and in Lk as v.l.; it = ἐκλελεγμένος also Vett. Val. 17, 2). Of Christians 1 Cl 50:7; cp. Pol 1:1. Of the church IEph ins.③ gather in a crop, gather ἐξ ἀκανθῶν ἐκλέγονται σῦκα Lk 6:44 D; s. συλλέγω.—HRowley, The Biblical Doctrine of Election, ’50.—DELG s.v. λέγω. M-M s.v. ἐκλέγω. TW. -
17 ἐπίσταμαι
ἐπίσταμαι pass. dep.; impf. ἠπιστάμην Dg 8:1 (s. ἐπιστήμη; Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX, pseudepigr., Philo, Joseph.; Just.; Mel., HE 4, 26, 13).① to gain a firm mental grasp of someth., understand τὶ someth. (X., Symp. 3, 6; Wsd 8:8; Just., A I, 60, 11) μηδὲν ἐπιστάμενος without understanding anything 1 Ti 6:4. Abs. (w. οἶδα) w. relative clause foll. σὺ τί λέγεις Mk 14:68.② to acquire information about someth., know, be acquainted with τινά (Aristoph., Eq. 1278 Ἀρίγνωτον; Musonius 3 p. 12, 5H.; Plut., Cic. 883 [44, 5]; Lucian, Dial. Mort. 9, 3; PGM 13, 844; Wsd 15:3; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 175; Just., A I, 63, 15) τὸν Παῦλον Ac 19:15. τὸν θεόν PtK 2 p. 14, 11. τὶ someth. (Hom., Hdt. et al., also Lucian, D. Deor. 25, 2; PRyl 243, 6; Num 32:11; 1 Esdr 8:23 al.; PsSol 14:8; ApcSed 8:11; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 15; Just., A I, 58, 2; 60, 5 al.; Mel., HE 4, 26, 13) Jd 10. πολλά B 1:4. τὸ βάπτισμα Ἰωάννου Ac 18:25. τὸ τῆς αὔριον what will happen tomorrow Js 4:14. τὰς γραφάς 1 Cl 53:1 (cp. Just., D. 70, 5 τὰ γράμματα τῶν γραφῶν). περί τινος know about someth. (Thu. 6, 60, 1; Pla., Euthyphr. 4e) ἐπίσταται περὶ τούτων ὁ βασιλεύς the king knows about this Ac 26:26. W. ὅτι foll. (X., An. 1, 4, 8 al.; Ex 4:14; Tob 11:7; TestSol 5:11; TestJob 12:3; Just., A I, 26, 7 al.) Ac 15:7; 19:25; 22:19; 1 Cl 45:3. Also ὡς (Soph., Aj. 1370; X., Cyr. 2, 3, 22) Ac 10:28. W. indir. quest. foll.: πῶς ἐγενόμην 20:18 (cp. PTebt 408, 3 [3 A.D.] ἐπιστάμενος πῶς σε φιλῶ; Just., A I, 21, 2 πόσους … υἰοὺς φάσκουσι τοῦ Διός=[you know] how many … claim to be sons of Zeus) ποῦ ἔρχεται Hb 11:8. πῶς νοήσω αὐτόν Hm 6, 2, 5. W. acc. and ptc. (X., An. 6, 6, 17; Jos., Vi. 142; Just., D. 49, 1 and 3 al.) ὄντα σε κριτήν that you have been a judge Ac 24:10. πολλοὺς παραδεδωκότας ἑαυτούς 1 Cl 55:2. W. inf. (Just., A I, 68, 3 ἐπίστασθαι δίκαια ἀξιοῦν; w. acc. and inf. Just., A I, 5, 2 μὴ ἐπιστάμενοι δαίμονας εἶναι φαῦλους=not knowing that [the gods they fear] are in fact bad spirits) 1 Th 5:3 v.l. (s. ἐφίστημι).—B. 1210. DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.
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