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101 γεραιός
A = γηραιός, old: in Hom. (who never has γηραιός) always of men, with notion of dignity (v. infr.), cf. Pi. N.4.89; ὁ γεραιός that reverend sire, Il.1.35, etc.;γεραιέ 10.164
, etc.; but γεραιάς (acc. pl. fem.) 6.87 (cf. 270, 287) is f.l. for γεραίρας, v. γεραρός: [comp] Comp.γεραίτερος Od.3.24
, A.Eu. 848, Hdt.6.52; γονῇ πεφυκὼς γ. (- τέρᾳ codd.) S.OC 1294; freq. in political sense, οἱ γ. the elders, senators, X.Cyr.1.5.5, Pl.Lg. 952a, IG14.2445 ([place name] Massilia): [comp] Sup.γεραίτατος Ar.Ach. 286
, Pl.Lg. 855e, etc.; rarely, = πρεσβύτατος, eldest, Theoc.15.139.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γεραιός
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102 γηραιός
A aged, old,γηραιὸς δὲ θάνοις Hes.Op. 378
, cf. Hdt.3.64, Pi.P.4.157, A.Pers. 854 (lyr.), Supp. 606, Th.6.54;γ. τελευτᾶν X.Ages.11.15
, Pl.Smp. 179e;τὸν μὲν ἄρ' αἰὼν γ. κατέπεφνε Maiist. 12
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γηραιός
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103 γηρωβοσκέω
A v. γηρο-. [full] γηρωπίζεται· γεροντεύεται, Hsch. [full] γήρως, v. γῆρας.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γηρωβοσκέω
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104 γῆρος
γῆρος, τό, -
105 δείλαιος
A wretched, sorry, paltry, not in Hom., freq. in Trag., esp. of persons, A.Pr. 580 (lyr.), etc.;δείλαιε τοῦ νοῦ S.OT 1347
(lyr.); δ. χάρις a sorry kindness, A.Ch. 517; δ. σποδός paltry dust, S.El. 758; δ. ἄχεα, ἀλγηδών, δύα, Emp.145, S.OC 513 (lyr.), Ant. 1311 (lyr.); (lyr.): sts. found in Com. (v. infr.) and Prose, Lys.24.23 ([comp] Sup.), Aeschin.1.172: in later Prose, Jul.Or.1.29b. (The penult. is short in S.Ant. 1311, El. 849 (lyr.), E.Supp. 279 (lyr.), Ar.Eq. 139, V. 165, etc.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > δείλαιος
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106 δειλός
I of persons, cowardly, opp. ἄλκιμος, Il. 13.278; opp. ἀνδρεῖος, Pl.Phdr. 239a, etc.: hence, vile, worthless, Il. 1.293;δειλαί τοι δειλῶν γε καὶ ἐγγύαι Od.8.351
; opp. ἐσθλός, lowborn, mean, Hes.Fr. 164; ;ἀγαθοὶ δειλῶν ἐπὶ δαῖτας ἴσιν Eup.289
; of animals, Hdt.3.108: c.gen., afraid of..,AP
9.410 (Tull. Sab.): c.inf., ib.6.232 (Crin.). Adv.- λῶς Theoc.Adon.15
, Plu.2.26b.2 more commonly, miserable, wretched, with a compassionate sense, δειλοὶ βροτοί poor mortals! Il.22.31, al.; ἆ δειλέ poor wretch! poor wretches!17.201
, Od.20.351;ἆ δειλὲ ξείνων 14.361
;Πατροκλῆος δειλοῖο Il.17.670
.II of things, miserable, wretched, ; δ. δ' ἐνὶ πυθμένι φειδώ ib. 369;τὰ δ. κέρδη S.Ant. 326
; ἔργα, λόγος, etc., Thgn.307, E.Andr. 757, etc.: [comp] Comp., Longin.2.1: [comp] Sup., Ar.Pl. 123: neut. pl. as Adv.,ὀχλεῖ μοι δειλὰ ὁ Τρωΐλος PIand. 11.4
(iii A.D.).—Trag. use δειλός chiefly in former sense, δείλαιος in latter. -
107 διά
διά, poet. [full] διαί ([dialect] Aeol. [full] ζά, q.v.), Prep. governing gen. and acc.— Rad. sense,A through; never anastroph. [Prop. δῐᾰ: but Hom. uses [pron. full] ῑ at the beginning of a line, Il.3.357, 4.135, al.: also ᾱ, metri gr., freq. in Hom., for which A. uses [full] διαί in lyr., Ag. 448, al.]A WITH GEN.I of Place or Space:1 of motion in a line, from one end to the other, right through, in Hom. freq. of the effect of weapons,διὰ μὲν ἀσπίδος ἦλθε.. ἔγχος καὶ διὰ θώρηκος.. Il. 3.357
; ;δι' ὤμου.. ἔγχος ἦλθεν 4.481
; in Prose,τιτρώσκειν διὰ τοῦ θώρακος X.An.1.8.26
; διὰ τοῦ ὀρόφου ἐφαίνετο πῦρ ib.7.4.16: also of persons, διὰ Σκαιῶν πεδίονδ' ἔχον ὠκέας ἵππους out through the Scaean gate, Il.3.263; δι' ἠέρος αἰθέρ' ἵκανεν quite through the lower air even to the ether, Il.14.288, cf. 2.458; διὰ Τρώων πέτετο straight through them, 13.755;δι' ὄμματος.. λείβων δάκρυον S.OC 1250
, etc.: also in Compos. with πρό and ἐκ, v. διαπρό, διέκ: in adverbial phrases, διὰ πασῶν (sc. χορδῶν), v. διαπασῶν: throughout,Th.
1.14; idly,Id.
4.126, etc. (cf.111.1.c).2 of motion through a space, but not in a line, throughout, ouer,ἑπόμεσθα διὰ πεδίοιο Il.11.754
;δι' ὄρεσφι 10.185
, al.; ὀδύνη διὰ χροὸς ἦλθε through all his frame, 11.398;τεῦχε βοὴν διὰ ἄστεος Od.10.118
;δι' ὁμίλου Il.6.226
, etc.;θορύβου διὰ τῶν τάξεων ἰόντος X.An.1.8.16
, cf. 2.4.26, etc.; later, in quoting an authority,ἱστορεῖ δ. τῆς δευτέρας
in the course of..,Ath.
10.438b.3 in the midst of, Il.9.468;κεῖτο τανυσσάμενος δ. μήλων Od.9.298
; between,δ. τῶν πλευρέων ταμόντα Hp.Morb.2.61
: hence, of pre-eminence,ἔπρεπε καὶ δ. πάντων Il.12.104
;τετίμακε δι' ἀνθρώπων Pi.I.4(3).37
;εὐδοκιμέοντι δ. πάντων Hdt.6.63
, cf. 1.25, etc.4 in Prose, sts. of extension, along,παρήκει δ. τῆσδε τῆς θαλάσσης ἡ ἀκτή Id.4.39
(but πέταται δ. θαλάσσας across the sea, Pi.N.6.48);λόφος, δι' οὗ τὸ σταύρωμα περιεβέβληντο X.HG7.4.22
.5 in Prose, of Intervals of Space, δ. τριήκοντα δόμων at intervals of thirty layers, i. e. after every thirtieth layer, Hdt.1.179; δ. δέκα ἐπάλξεων at every tenth battlement, Th.3.21; cf. infr. 11.3: of a single interval, δ. πέντε σταδίων at a distance of five stades, Hdt.7.30, cf. 198; δ. τοσούτου μᾶλλον ἢ δ. πολλῶν ἡμερῶν ὁδοῦ at so short a distance, etc., Th.2.29; δ. πολλοῦ at a great distance apart, Id.3.94;δ. πλείστου Id.2.97
;δι' ἐλάσσονος Id.3.51
;ὕδατα δ. μακροῦ ἀλόμενα Hp.
Aër.9, etc.II of Time,1 of duration from one end of a period to the other, throughout, δ. παντὸς [τοῦ χρόνου] Hdt.9.13;δι' ὅλου τοῦ αἰῶνος Th.1.70
;δι' αἰῶνος S.El. 1024
;δι' ἡμέρας ὅλης Ar. Pax 27
;δι' ὅλης τῆς νυκτός X.An.4.2.4
, etc.: without an Adj., δι' ἡμέρης all day long, Hdt.1.97;δ. νυκτός Th.2.4
, X.An.4.6.22 (but δ. νυκτός in the course of the night, by night, Act.Ap.5.19, PRyl.138.15 (i A. D.), etc.);δ. νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας Pl.R. 343b
; δι' ἐνιαυτοῦ, δι' ἔτους, Ar.Fr.569.8, V. 1058;δ. βίου Pl.Smp. 183e
, etc.;δ. τέλους
from beginning to end,A.
Pr. 275, Pl.R. 519c, etc.: with Adjs. alone,δ. παντός
continually,A.
Ch. 862 (lyr.), etc.; δι' ὀλίγου for a short time, Th.1.77;δ. μακροῦ E.Hec. 320
;ὁ δ. μέσου χρόνος Hdt. 8.27
.2 of the interval which has passed between two points of Time, δ. χρόνου πολλοῦ or δ. πολλοῦ χρ. after a long time, Id.3.27, Ar.Pl. 1045;δ. μακρῶν χρόνων Pl.Ti. 22d
: without an Adj., δ. χρόνου after a time, S.Ph. 758, X.Cyr.1.4.28, etc.; δι' ἡμερῶν after several days, Ev.Marc.2.1; and with Adjs. alone,δι' ὀλίγου Th.5.14
;οὐ δ. μακροῦ Id.6.15
,91;δ. πολλοῦ Luc.Nigr.2
, etc.: with Numerals,δι' ἐτέων εἴκοσι Hdt.6.118
, cf. OGI56.38 (iii B. C.), etc.: but δ. τῆς ἑβδόμης till the seventh day, Luc.Hist.Conscr.21: also distributively, χρόνος δ. χρόνου προὔβαινε time after time, S.Ph. 285;ἄλλος δι' ἄλλου E.Andr. 1248
.3 of successive Intervals, δ. τρίτης ἡμέρης every other day, Hdt.2.37; δ. τρίτου ἔτεος ib.4, etc.; δ. πεντετηρίδος every four years (with inclusive reckoning), Id.3.97; δι' ἔτους πέμπτου, of the Olympic games, Ar.Pl. 584 (but δι' ἑνδεκάτου ἔτεος in the course of the eleventh year, Hdt.1.62).III causal, through, by,a of the Agent, δι' ἀλλέλων or -ου ἐπικηρυκεύεσθαι, ποιεῖσθαι, by the mouth of.., Id.1.69,6.4, cf. 1.113;δι' ἑρμηνέως λέγειν X.An.2.3.17
, etc.;τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ Κυρίου δ. τοῦ προφήτου Ev.Matt.1.22
;δι' ἑκόντων ἀλλ' οὐ δ. βίας ποιεῖσθαι Pl.Phlb. 58b
; πεσόντ' ἀλλοτρίας διαὶ γυναικός by her doing, A.Ag. 448 (lyr.);ἐκ θεῶν γεγονὼς δ. βασιλέων πεφυκώς X.Cyr.7.2.24
; δι' ἑαυτοῦ ποιεῖν τι of oneself, not by another's agency, ib.1.1.4, etc.; but also, by oneself alone, unassisted, D.15.14, cf. 22.38.b of the Instrument or Means, δ. χειρῶν by hand (prop. by holding between the hands),δι' ὁσίων χ. θιγών S. OC 470
; also δ. χερῶν λαβεῖν, δ. χειρὸς ἔχειν in the hand, Id.Ant. 916, 1258 (but τὰ τῶν ξυμμάχων δ. χειρὸς ἔχειν to keep a firm hand on, Th.2.13);δ. στέρνων ἔχειν S.Ant. 639
;ἡ ἀκούουσα πηγὴ δι' ὤτων Id.OT 1387
;δ. στόματος ἔχειν X.Cyr.1.4.25
;δ. μνήμης ἔχειν Luc.Cat.9
;αἱ δ. τοῦ σώματος ἡδοναί X.Mem.1.5.6
; δ. λόγων συγγίγνεσθαι to hold intercourse by word, Pl.Plt. 272b;δ. λόγου ἀπαγγέλλειν Act.Ap.15.27
;δι' ἐπιστολῶν 2 Ep.Cor.10.9
, POxy. 1070.15 (iii A. D.).c of Manner (where διά with its Noun freq. serves as an Adv.),δ. μέθης ποιήσασθαι τὴν συνουσίαν Pl.Smp. 176e
; παίω δι' ὀργῆς through passion, in passion, S.OT 807; δ. τάχους, = ταχέως, Id.Aj. 822, Th.1.63 (but δ. ταχέων ib.80, al.); δ. σπουδῆς in haste, hastily, E.Ba. 212; δι' αἰδοῦς with reverence, respectfully, ib. 441; δ. ψευδῶν ἔπη lying words, Id.Hel. 309; αἱ δ. καρτερίας ἐπιμέλειαι long-continued exertions, X.Mem.2.1.20; δι' ἀκριβείας, δ. πάσης ἀκρ., Pl.Ti. 23d, Lg. 876c;δ. σιγῆς Id.Grg. 450c
;δ. ξυμφορῶν ἡ ξύμβασις ἐγένετο Th.6.10
;οὐ δι' αἰνιγμάτων, ἀλλ' ἐναργῶς γέγραπται Aeschin.3.121
;δι' αἵματος, οὐ δ. μέλανος τοὺς νόμους ὁ Δράκων ἔγραψεν Plu.Sol.17
: also with Adjs., δ. βραχέων, δ. μακρῶν τοὺς λόγους ποιεῖσθαι, Isoc.14.3, Pl.Grg. 449b; ἀποκρίνεσθαι δ. βραχυτάτων ibid. d; cf. infr. IV.2 in later Prose, of Material out of which a thing is made, ; ;βρώματα δ. μέλιτος καὶ γάλακτος γιγνόμενα Ath.14.646e
;οἶνος δ. βουνίου Dsc. 5.46
.IV διά τινος ἔχειν, εἶναι, γίγνεσθαι, to express conditions or states, ἀγὼν διὰ πάσης ἀγωνίης ἔχων extending through every kind of contest, Hdt.2.91;δι' ἡσυχίης εἶναι Id.1.206
; δι' ὄχλου εἶναι to be troublesome, Ar.Ec. 888;δ. φόβου εἶναι Th.6.59
;δι' ἀπεχθείας γίγνεσθαι X.Hier.9.2
; ἡ ἐπιμέλεια δ. χάριτος γίγνεται ibid.;δ. μιᾶς γνώμης γίγνεσθαι Isoc.4.138
.b with Verbs of motion, δ. μάχης ἐλεύσονται will engage in battle, Hdt.6.9;ἐλθεῖν Th.4.92
; δ. παντὸς πολέμου, δ. φιλίας ἰέναι τινί, X.An.3.2.8; δ. δίκης ἰέναι τινί go to law with.., S.Ant. 742, cf. Th.6.60;δ. τύχης ἰέναι S.OT 773
;δι' ὀργῆς ἥκειν Id.OC 905
; ἐμαυτῷ δ. λόγων ἀφικόμην I held converse with myself, E.Med. 872; δ. λόγων, δ. γλώσσης ἰέναι come to open speech, Id.Tr. 916, Supp. 112; δ. φιλημάτων ἰέναι come to kissing, Id.Andr. 416;δ. δικαιοσύνης ἰέναι καὶ σωφροσύνης Pl.Prt. 323a
, etc.; δ. πυρὸς ἰέναι (v. πῦρ): in pass. sense, δι' ἀπεχθείας ἐλθεῖν τινι to be hated by.., A.Pr. 121 (anap.).c with trans. Verbs, δι' αἰτίας ἔχειν or ἄγειν τινά hold in fault, Th.2.60, Ael.VH9.32;δι' ὀργῆς ἔχειν τινά Th.2.37
, etc.;δ. φυλακῆς ἔχειν τι Id.7.8
; δι' οἴκτου ἔχειν τινά, δι' αἰσχύνης ἔχειν τι, E.Hec. 851, IT 683;δ. πένθους τὸ γῆρας διάγειν X.Cyr.4.6.6
; .B WITH Acc.I of Place, only Poet., in same sense as διά c. gen.:1 through,ἓξ δὲ δ. πτύχας ἦλθε.. χαλκός Il.7.247
;ἤϊξε δ. δρυμὰ.. καὶ ὕλην 11.118
, cf. 23.122, etc.; δ. τάφρον ἐλαύνειν across it, 12.62;δ. δώματα ποιπνύοντα 1.600
;ἐπὶ χθόνα καὶ δ. πόντον βέβακεν Pi.I.4(3).41
;φεύγειν δ. κῦμ' ἅλιον A.Supp.14
(anap.).2 through, among, in,οἴκεον δι' ἄκριας Od.9.400
;ἄραβος δὲ δ. στόμα γίγνετ' ὀδόντων Il.10.375
(but μῦθον, ὃν.. δ. στόμα.. ἄγοιτο through his mouth, 14.91; soδ. στόμα ὄσσαν ἱεῖσαι Hes.Th.65
;ἀεὶ γὰρ ἡ γυνή σ' ἔχει δ. στόμα Ar.Lys. 855
);δ. κρατερὰς ὑσμίνας Hes.Th. 631
; (lyr.).II of Time, also Poet.,δ. νύκτα Il.2.57
, etc.; δ. γλυκὺν ὕπνον during sweet sleep, Mosch.4.91.III causal:1 of persons, thanks to, by aid of,νικῆσαι δ... Ἀθήνην Od.8.520
, cf. 13.121;δ. δμῳὰς.. εἷλον 19.154
; δ. σε by thy fault or service, S.OC 1129, Ar.Pl. 145, cf. 160, 170: in Prose, by reason of, on account of,δ' ἡμᾶς Th.1.41
, cf. X.An.7.6.33, D.18.249;οὐ δι' ἐμαυτόν And.1.144
; so εἰ μὴ διά τινα if it had not been for..,εἰ μὴ δι' ἄνδρας ἀγαθούς Lys.12.60
;Μιλτιάδην εἰς τὸ βάραθρον ἐμβαλεῖν ἐψηφίσαντο, καὶ εἰ μὴ δ. τὸν πρύτανιν ἐνέπεσεν ἄν Pl.Grg. 516e
, cf. D.19.74;εἰ μὴ δ. τὴν ἐκείνου μέλλησιν Th.2.18
, cf. Ar.V. 558;πλέον' ἔλπομαι λόγον Ὀδυσσέος ἢ πάθαν γενέσθαι δι' Ὅμηρον Pi.N.7.21
.2 of things, to express the Cause, Occasion, or Purpose, δι' ἐμὴν ἰότητα because of my will, Il.15.41;Διὸς μεγάλου δ. βουλάς Od.8.82
; δι' ἀφραδίας for, through want of thought, 19.523;δι' ἀτασθαλίας 23.67
; δι' ἔνδειαν by reason of poverty, X. An.7.8.6; δ. καῦμα, δ. χειμῶνα, ib.1.7.6;δι' ἄγνοιαν καὶ ἀμαθίαν Pl. Prt. 360b
, etc.: freq. also with neut. Adjs., δ. τί; wherefore?; δ. τοῦτο, δ. ταῦτα on this account; δι' ὅ, δι' ἅ on which account; δ. πολλά for many reasons, etc.3 = ἕνεκα, to express Purpose, δἰ ἀχθηδόνα for the sake of vexing, Th.4.40, cf. 5.53; δ. τὴν τούτου σαφήνειαν with a view to clearing this up, Pl.R. 524c, cf. Arist.EN 1172b21; αὐτή δι' αὑτήν for its own sake, Pl.R. 367b, etc.C WITHOUT CASE as Adv. throughout, δ. πρό (v. supr. A.I.I);δ. δ' ἀμπερές Il.11.377
.D IN COMPOS.:I through, right through, of Space, διαβαίνω, διέχω, διιππεύω.II in different directions, as in διαπέμπω, διαφορέω; of separation, asunder, διαιρέω, διαλύω; of difference or disagreement, at variance, διαφωνέω, διαφέρω; or simply mutual relation, one with another, διαγωνίζομαι, διάδω, διαθέω, διαπίνω, διαφιλοτιμέομαι.III pre-eminence, διαπρέπω, διαφέρω.IV completion, to the end, utterly, διεργάζομαι, διαμάχομαι, διαπράττω, διαφθείρω: of Time, διαβιόω.V to add strength, thoroughly, out and out, διαγαληνίζω, etc.; cf. ζά.VI of mixture, between, partly, esp. in Adj., as διάλευκος, διάχρυσος, διάχλωρος, etc.VII of leaving an interval or breach, διαλείπω, διαναπαύω. (Cogn. with δύο, δίς.) -
108 διάγω
διάγω [ᾰ],A carry over or across,πορθμῆες δ' ἄρα τούς γε διήγαγον Od.20.187
, cf. Th.4.78;δ. ἐπὶ σχεδίας ἄρτους X.Cyr.2.4.28
.b intr., cross over, Id.An.7.2.12.3 Geom., draw through or across, produce a line, Euc.1.21, al.II of Time, pass, spend,αἰῶνα h.Hom.20.7
; βίοτον, βίον, A.Pers. 711, S.OC 1619, Ar.Nu. 464;δ. τὸν βίον μαχόμενος Pl. R. 579d
;ἡσύχιον βίον δ. ἐν εὐσεβείᾳ
1 Ep.Tim.2.2
; γῆρας, νύκτα, X. Cyr.4.6.6, An.6.5.1;χρόνον Plu.Tim.10
(but χρόνος διῆγέ με, = χρόνον διῆγον, S.El. 782); δ. ἑορτήν celebrate it, Ath.8.363f: hence,2 intr., without βίον, pass life, live, Democr.191, D.18.254, 25.82; = διαιτῶμαι, διατρίβω, Thom.Mag.pp.90,98 R.;δ. ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ Pl.Tht. 174b
; tarry,ἐν τῷ δικαστηρίῳ Id.Euthphr.3e
;ἐν προαστείῳ Hdn.1.12.5
:—[voice] Med.,διαγόμενος Pl.R. 344e
, etc.;τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θεοὺς εὐσεβῶς δ. Michel352.15
([place name] Iasus).c c. acc. pers., divert, fob off, ἐλπίδας λέγων διῆγε [τοὺς στρατιώτας] X.An.1.2.11, cf. D.Prooem. 53, Luc.Phal.1.3.d continue,δ. σιωπῇ X.Cyr.1.4.14
: freq. c. part., continue doing so and so,δ. λιπαρέοντας Hdt.1.94
; δ. μανθάνων, ἐπιμελόμενος, X.Cyr.1.2.6, 7.5.85.e with Advbs.,ἐν τοῖς χαλεπώτατα δ. Th.7.71
;ἄριστα X.Mem.4.4.15
;εὖ Arist.HA 625b23
; ; also εὐσεβῆ δ. τρόπον περί τινα conduct oneself piously, Ar.Ra. 457.III cause to continue, keep in a certain state,πόλιν ὀρθοδίκαιον δ. A.Eu. 995
(lyr.);πόλεις ἐν ὁμονοίᾳ Isoc.3.41
;ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς κατὰ βίον.. διῆγεν ὑμᾶς D.18.89
;τὸ ὑπήκοον ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ δ. D.C.40.30
.IV entertain, feed,τραγήμασι καὶ λαχάνοις τὸν στρατόν Philostr.Her.10.4
:—[voice] Pass., [λέων] μελιτούτταις διήγετο Id.VA 5.42
.2 divert,τινὰ ἀπό τινος Philostr.Her.Prooem.3
; simply, divert,τὰς βασιλείους φροντίδας Id.VS1.8.2
. -
109 διάνοια
διάνοιᾰ, ἡ, [dialect] Aeol. [full] διανοιΐα Alc.Supp.1a.1 (nisi leg. δι' ἀνοιΐα[ν]), poet. also [full] διανοίᾱ acc. to Eust.1679.29:—A thought, i.e. intention, purpose, Hdt.1.46,90, And.4.35, etc.; τῇ διανοίᾳ in the spirit of his action, D.21.219;ὤλοντ' ἀσεβεῖ διανοίᾳ A.Th. 831
(lyr.);μαινόλις δ. Id.Supp. 109
(lyr.);εὔφρονος ἐκ δ. Id.Ag. 797
(lyr.), cf. Eu. 1013 (anap.); ;ἐπί τινι Isoc.5.14
;πρός τινι Anaxipp.1.37
;ἐπ' ἄλλο τι.. τρέψαι τινὸς τὴν δ. Pl. Euthd. 275b
; ἐξ ὅλης τῆς δ. with all one's heart, Arr.Epict.2.2.13;ἐχθροὺς τῇ δ. Ep.Col.1.21
.II process of thinking, thought,ὁ ἐντὸς τῆς ψυχῆς πρὸς αὑτὴν διάλογος.. ἐπωνομάσθη δ. Pl.Sph. 263d
;πᾶσα δ. ἢ πρακτικὴ ἢ ποιητικὴ ἢ θεωρητική Arist.Metaph. 1025b25
; ; esp. discursive thought, opp. νόησις, Procl.Inst. 123.III thinking faculty, intelligence, understanding,ὡς μεταξύ τι δόξης τε καὶ νοῦ τὴν δ. οὖσαν Pl.R. 511d
, al.; opp. σῶμα, Id.Lg. 916a, cf. R. 395b;ἔστιν ὥσπερ τοῦ σώματος καὶ τῆς δ. γῆρας Arist.Pol. 1270b40
;ἐπιτάττοντος τοῦ νοῦ καὶ λεγούσης τῆς δ. φεύγειν τι ἢ διώκειν Id.de An. 433a2
;ἔκστασις διανοίας LXXDe.28.28
.IV thought expressed, meaning of a word or passage, Pl.Ly. 205b, Phdr. 228d;τὰς τῶν ὀνομάτων δ. Id.Cra. 418a
;τὴν αὐτὴν ἔχει δ. Arist.de An. 404a17
; ἡ φυσικὴ δ. τοῦ νόμου Aristeas 171; so δ., opp. ῥητόν, spirit, opp. letter, Hermog.Stat.2.V intellectual capacity revealed in speech or action by the characters in drama, Arist.Po. 1450a6, b11, 1456a34, Rh. 1404a19, al. (Rare in Poetry.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διάνοια
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110 δύσκολος
I of persons, prop. hard to satisfy with food (cf. Ath.6.262a): but, generally, hard to please, discontented, fretful, peevish, Ar.V. 942; ;δ. ψυχὴ καὶ ἀγρία Pl.Lg. 649e
, cf. Arist.EN 1108a30, etc.;τὸ δ. Pl.Lg. 791c
; of animals, intractable, Id.Tht. 174d ([comp] Comp.): so in Adv. δυσκόλως, ἔχειν, διακεῖσθαι πρός τινα, D.19.132, Isoc.3.33;δυσκολώτερον διακεῖσθαι Pl. Phd. 84e
.II of things, troublesome, harassing,δ. ἡ ἡνιόχησις Id.Phdr. 246b
;πυρετοί Hp.Coac.38
: generally, unpleasant,ἄν τι δ. συμβῇ D.18.189
, cf. Men.89;εἴ τι δ. πέπρακται Θηβαίοις πρὸς ἡμᾶς D. 18.176
; καιροὶ δ. difficult times, IG22.682.33. Adv. - λως, ὑπακούειν Hp.Epid.3.8
.2 difficult to explain, Arist.SE 180b5, Metaph. 1001b1; δ. ἐστι it is difficult, Ev.Marc.10.24, cf. Onos.1.15 ([comp] Comp.);τὰ μὲν ῥάδια.. τὰ δὲ δ. Phld.Po.994.24
. Adv. - λως hardly, with difficulty, Ev.Marc.10.23,al.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > δύσκολος
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111 δυσμή
A = δύσις, setting, mostly in pl.,ἀελίου δ. S.OC 1245
, cf. A.Fr.69, Hp.Epid.7.5, Pl.Phd. 61e; ἐπὶ δυσμῇσιν ἐών at the point of setting, Hdt.3.104;περὶ ἡλίου δυσμάς Lys.1.39
;ἥλιος ἦν ἤδη περὶ δυσμάς Hell.Oxy.15.5
: metaph.,τὸ γῆρας δυσμαὶ βίου Arist.Po. 1457b25
, cf. D.H.4.79, Ph.1.678, S.E.M.9.90, Diog.Oen.2, etc.II the quarter of sunset, west,ἀπὸ ἑσπέρης τε καὶ [ἡλίου] δυσμέων Hdt.2.31
;πρὸς ἡλίου δυσμέων Id.7.115
, cf. 2.33;πρὸς δυσμαῖς A.Pers. 232
; opp. ἀνατολαί, BGU1049.8 (iv A. D.):—also [full] δυθμή, Call.Cer.10 (pl.), Fr. 539 (sg.). -
112 δυσπάλαιστος
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > δυσπάλαιστος
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113 εἰ
εἰ, [dialect] Att.-[dialect] Ion. and Arc. (for εἰκ, v. infr. 11 ad init.), = [dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Aeol. αἰ, αἰκ (q. v.), Cypr.Aἤ Inscr.Cypr.135.10
H., both εἰ and αἰ in [dialect] Ep.:— Particle used interjectionally with imper. and to express a wish, but usu. either in conditions, if, or in indirect questions, whether. In the former use its regular negative is μή; in the latter, οὐ.A INTERJECTIONALLY, in Hom., come now! c. imper.,εἰ δὲ.. ἄκουσον Il.9.262
; εἰ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ φευγόντων ib.46; most freq. with ἄγε (q. v.), 1.302, al.2 in wishes, c. opt.,ἀλλ' εἴ τις.. καλέσειεν 10.111
, cf. 24.74; so later,εἴ μοι ξυνείη μοῖρα S.OT 863
(lyr.); : more freq. folld. byγάρ, αἲ γὰρ δὴ οὕτως εἴη Il.4.189
, al.;εἰ γὰρ γενοίμην ἀντὶ σοῦ νεκρός E.Hipp. 1410
;εἰ γὰρ γένοιτο X.Cyr.6.1.38
;εἰ γὰρ ἐν τούτῳ εἴη Pl.Prt. 310d
; of unattained wishes, in Hom. only c. opt.,εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼν.. Διὸς πάϊς αἰγιόχοιο εἴην Il.13.825
;Ζεῦ πάτερ, αἰ γὰρ ἐμὸς πόσις εἴη Alcm.29
; later with past tenses of ind.,εἰ γάρ μ' ὑπὸ γῆν.. ἧκεν A.Pr. 152
(anap.); εἰ γὰρ τοσαύτην δύναμιν εἶχον ὥστε .. E.Alc. 1072: twice in Od. c. inf. (cf. the use of inf. in commands),αἰ γὰρ τοῖος ἐὼν.. ἐμὸς γαμβρὸς καλέεσθαι 7.311
, cf. 24.376.b εἴθε, [dialect] Ep. αἴθε, is freq. used in wishes in the above constructions, ;εἴθ' ὣς ἡβώοιμι Il.7.157
;ἰὼ γᾶ, εἴθ' ἔμ' ἐδέξω A.Ag. 1537
(lyr.);εἴθε σοι, ὦ Περίκλεις, τότε συνεγενόμην X.Mem.1.2.46
: later c. inf.,γαίης χθαμαλωτέρη εἴθε.. κεῖσθαι AP9.284
(Crin.).c εἰ γάρ, εἴθε are also used with ὤφελον ([dialect] Ep. ὤφελλον), of past unattained wishes,αἴθ' ὤφελλες στρατοῦ ἄλλου σημαίνειν Il.14.84
; εἰ γὰρ ὤφελον [κατιδεῖν] Pl.R. 432c.d folld. by a clause expressing a consequence of the fulfilment of the wish, αἰ γὰρ τοῦτο.. ἔπος τετελεσμένον εἴη· τῷ κε τάχα γνοίης .. Od. 15.536, cf. 17.496, al.; sts. hard to distinguish from εἰ in conditions (which may be derived from this use),εἴ μοί τι πίθοιο, τό κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη Il.7.28
.B IN CONDITIONS, if:I with INDIC.,1 with all tenses (for [tense] fut., v. infr. 2), to state a condition, with nothing implied as to its fulfilment, εἰ δ' οὕτω τοῦτ' ἐστίν, ἐμοὶ μέλλει φίλον εἶναι but if this is so, it will be.., Il.1.564: any form of the Verb may stand in apodosi,εἰ θεοί τι δρῶσιν αἰσχρόν, οὐκ εἰσὶν θεοί E.Fr.292.7
;εἰ δοκεῖ, πλέωμεν S.Ph. 526
;εἰ Φαῖδρον ἀγνοῶ, καὶ ἐμαυτοῦ ἐπιλέλησμαι Pl.Phdr. 228a
;κάκιστ' ἀπολοίμην, Ξανθίαν εἰ μὴ φιλῶ Ar.Ra. 579
, cf. Od.17.475;εἰ θεοῦ ἦν, οὐκ ἦν αἰσχροκερδής· εἰ δ' αἰσχροκερδής, οὐκ ἦν θεοῦ Pl.R. 408c
;εἰ ταῦτα λέγων διαφθείρω τοὺς νέους, ταῦτ' ἂν εἴη βλαβερά Id.Ap. 30b
, cf. 25b; εἰ οὗτοι ὀρθῶς ἀπέστησαν, ὑμεῖς ἂν οὐ χρεὼν ἄρχοιτε if these were right in their revolt, (it would follow that) you rule when you have no right, Th.3.40.b to express a general condition, if ever, whenever, sts. with [tense] pres.,εἴ τις δύο ἢ καὶ πλείους τις ἡμέρας λογίζεται, μάταιός ἐστιν S.Tr. 943
: with [tense] impf.,εἴ τίς τι ἠρώτα ἀπεκρίνοντο Th.7.10
: rarely with [tense] aor., D.S.31.26.1, S.E.P.1.84; cf. 111.2.2 with [tense] fut. (much less freq. than ἐάν c. subj.), either to express a future supposition emphatically,εἰ φθάσομεν τοὺς πολεμίους κατακαίνοντες οὐδεὶς ἡμῶν ἀποθανεῖται X.Cyr.7.1.19
; ; εἰ αὕτη ἡ πόλις ληφθήσεται, ἔχεται ἡ πᾶσα Σικελία ibid.; in threats or warnings, ;εἰ τιμωρήσεις Πατρόκλῳ, αὐτὸς ἀποθανῇ Pl.Ap. 28c
, cf. D.28.21: or,b to express a present intention or expectation, αἶρε πλῆκτρον εἰ μαχεῖ if you mean to fight, Ar.Av. 759;ἐγὼ μὲν οὐκ ἀνήρ.. εἰ ταῦτ' ἀνατεὶ τῇδε κείσεται κράτη S.Ant. 485
, cf. Il.1.61, E.Hec. 863.3 with historical tenses, implying that the condition is or was unfulfilled.a with [tense] impf., referring to present time or to continued or repeated action in past time (in Hom. always the latter, Il.24.715, al.): ταῦτα οὐκ ἂν ἐδύναντο ποιεῖν, εἰ μὴ διαίτῃ μετρίᾳ ἐχρῶντο they would not be able to do this (as they do), if they did not live an abstemious life, X.Cyr.1.2.16, cf. Pl.R. 489b; οὐκ ἂν νήσων ἐκράτει, εἰ μή τι καὶ ναυτικὸν εἶχεν he ([place name] Agamemnon) would not have been master of islands, if he had not had also some naval force, Th.1.9;αἰ δ' ἦχες ἔσλων ἴμερον ἢ κάλων.. αἴδως κεν.. ἦχεν Sapph.28
; εἰ ἦσαν ἄνδρες ἀγαθοὶ.. οὐκ ἄν ποτε ταῦτα ἔπασχον if they had been good men, they would never have suffered as they did, Pl.Grg. 516e, cf. X.Mem.1.1.5; εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼ τάδε ᾔδἐ.. οὐκ ἂν ὑπεξέφυγε if I had known this.., Il.8.366.b with [tense] aor. referring to past time,εἰ μὴ ἔφυσε θεὸς μέλι.. ἔφασκον γλύσσονα σῦκα πέλεσθαι Xenoph.38
; εἰ μὴ ὑμεῖς ἤλθετε, ἐπορευόμεθα ἂν ἐπὶ βασιλέα had you not come, we should be on our way.., X.An.2.1.4;καὶ ἴσως ἂν ἀπέθανον, εἰ μὴ ἡ ἀρχὴ διὰ ταχέων κατελύθη Pl.Ap. 32d
, cf. Il.5.680, Od.4.364, D.4.5, 27.63: with [tense] plpf. in apodosi,εἰ τριάκοντα μόναι μετέπεσον τῶν ψήφων, ἀπεπεφεύγη ἄν Pl. Ap. 36a
.c rarely with [tense] plpf. referring to action finished in past or present time, λοιπὸν δ' ἂν ἦν ἡμῖν ἔτι περὶ τῆς πόλεως διαλεχθῆναι, εἰ μὴ προτέρα τῶν ἄλλων τὴν εἰρήνην ἐπεποίητο if she had not (as she has done) made peace before the rest, Isoc.5.56, cf. Pl.Ti. 21c.II with SUBJ., εἰ is regularly joined with ἄν ([dialect] Ep. κε, κεν), cf. ἐάν: Arc. εἰκαν in Tegean Inscrr. of iv B. C. (IG5(2).3.16, 31, 6.2, SIG306.34) should be understood as εἰκ ἄν (εἰ: εἰκ = οὐ: οὐκ), since εἰ δ' ἄν is also found in IG5(2).3.2, 6.45, and εἰκ alone, ib.3.21; but ἄν ([etym.] κε, κεν) are freq. absent in Hom. as Od.5.221, 14.373 (and cf. infr. 2), and Lyr., Pi. (who never uses εἰ with ἄν or κε ([etym.] ν)) P.4.266, al.; in dialects,αἰ δείλητ' ἀγχωρεῖν IG9(1).334.6
([dialect] Locr., v B. C.), cf. Foed.[dialect] Dor. ap. Th.5.79; rarely in Hdt.,εἰ μὴ ἀναβῇ 2.13
; occasionally in Trag., A.Eu. 234, S.OT 198 (lyr.), etc.; very rarely in [dialect] Att. Prose,εἰ ξυστῶσιν αἱ πόλεις Th.6.21
; : in later Prose,εἴ τις θελήσῃ Apoc.11.5
;εἰ φονεύῃ Plot.2.9.9
, cf. Procl. Inst.26.1 when the apodosis is [tense] fut., to express a future condition more distinctly and vividly than εἰ c. opt., but less so than εἰ c. [tense] fut. ind. (supr. 1.2a); εἰ δέ κεν ὣς ἕρξῃς καί τοι πείθωνται Ἀχαιοί, γνώσῃ ἔπειθ' .. if thou do thus.., thou shalt know, Il.2.364, cf. 1.128, 3.281, Od.17.549;ἂν δέ τις ἀνθιστῆται, σὺν ὑμῖν πειρασόμεθα χειροῦσθαι X. An.7.3.11
; ἂν μὴ νῦν ἐθέλωμεν ἐκεῖ πολεμεῖν αὐτῷ, ἐνθάδ' ἴσως ἀναγκασθησόμεθα τοῦτο ποιεῖν if we be not now willing, D.4.50, cf. X.Cyr. 5.3.27: folld. by imper., ἢν εἰρήνης δοκῆτε δεῖσθαι, ἄνευ ὅπλων ἥκετε ib.3.2.13, cf. 5.4.30.2 when the apodosis is present, denoting customary or repeated action, to express a general condition, if ever, ἤν ποτε δασμὸς ἵκηται, σοὶ τὸ γέρας πολὺ μεῖζον (sc. ἐστί) whenever a division comes, your prize is (always) greater, Il.1.166; ἢν ἐγγὺς ἔλθῃ θάνατος, οὐδεὶς βούλεται θνῄσκειν if death come near, E.Alc. 671; with ἄν omitted,εἴ περ γάρ τε χόλον.. καταπέψῃ ἀλλά.. ἔχει κότον Il.1.81
.b with Rhet. present in apodosis, ἐὰν μὴ οἱ φιλόσοφοι βασιλεύσωσιν, οὐκ ἔστι κακῶν παῦλα there is (i.e. can be, will be) no rest.., Pl.R. 473d.III with OPTATIVE (never with ἄν in early Gr., later ἐάν c. opt., Dam.Pr. 114, al.),1 to express a future condition less definitely than ἐάν c. subj., usu. with opt. with ἄν in apod., ἦ κεν γηθήσαι Πρίαμος Πριάμοιό τε παῖδες.. εἰ σφῶιν τάδε πάντα πυθοίατο μαρναμένοιιν surely they would exult, if they should hear.., Il.1.255, cf. 7.28, Od.3.223;εἴης φορητὸς οὐκ ἄν, εἰ πράσσοις καλῶς A.Pr. 979
;οὐδὲ γὰρ ἄν με ἐπαινοίη, εἰ ἐξελαύνοιμι τοὺς εὐεργέτας X.An.7.7.11
;οἶκος δ' αὐτός, εἰ φθογγὴν λάβοι, σαφέστατ' ἂν λέξειεν A.Ag.37
, etc.: [tense] fut. opt. is f.l. in Pl.Tht. 164a: with [tense] pres. ind. in apod., Xenoph.34.3, Democr.253: with [tense] fut.ind., Meliss.5.b in Hom.sts. with [tense] pres. opt., to express an unfulfilled present condition, εἰ μὲν νῦν ἐπὶ ἄλλῳ ἀεθλεύοιμεν, ἦ τ' ἂν ἐγὼ τὰ πρῶτα φεροίμην if we were now contending, etc., Il.23.274: rarely in Trag., εἰ μὴ κνίζοι ( = εἰ μὴ ἔκνιζε) E.Med. 568; alsoεἰ ἀναγκαῖον εἴη ἀδικεῖν ἢ ἀδικεῖσθαι, ἑλοίμην ἂν μᾶλλον ἀδικεῖσθαι Pl.Grg. 469c
.2 when the apodosis is past, denoting customary or repeated action, to express a general condition in past time (corresponding to use of subj. in present time, supr. 11.2); once in Hom.,εἴ τίς με.. ἐνίπτοι, ἀλλὰ σὺ τόν γ'.. κατέρυκες Il.24.768
; εἰ δέ τινας θορυβουμένους αἴσθοιτο.., κατασβεννύναι τὴν ταραχὴν ἐπειρᾶτο if he should see ( whenever he saw) any troops in confusion, he (always) tried, X.Cyr.5.3.55, cf. An.4.5.13, Mem.4.2.40; εἴ τις ἀντείποι, εὐθὺς ἐτεθνήκει if any one made objection, he was a dead man at once, Th. 8.66;ἀλλ' εἴ τι μὴ φέροιμεν, ὤτρυνεν φέρειν E.Alc. 755
. For εἰ c. ind. in this sense v. supr. 1.1: ind. and opt. are found in same sentence,ἐμίσει, οὐκ εἴ τις κακῶς πάσχων ἠμύνετο, ἀλλ' εἴ τις εὐεργετούμενος ἀχάριστος φαίνοιτο X.Ages.11.3
.3 in oratio obliqua after past tenses, representing ἐάν c. subj. or εἰ with a primary (never an historical) tense of the ind. in oratio recta, ἐλογίζοντο ὡς, εἰ μὴ μάχοιντο, ἀποστήσοιντο αἱ πόλεις (representing ἐὰν μὴ μαχώμεθα, ἀποστήσονται) X.HG6.4.6, cf. D.21.104, X.HG5.2.2; ἔλεγεν ὅτι, εἰ βλαβερὰ πεπραχὼς εἴη, δίκαιος εἴη ζημιοῦσθαι (representing εἰ βλαβερὰ πέπραχε, δίκαιός ἐστι) ib.32, cf. An.6.6.25; εἰ δέ τινα φεύγοντα λήψοιτο, προηγόρευεν ὅτι ὡς πολεμίψ χρήσοιτο (representing εἴ τινα λήψομαι, χρήσομαι) Id.Cyr.3.1.3; also, where oratio obliqua is implied in the leading clause, οὐκ ἦν τοῦ πολέμου πέρας Φιλίππῳ, εἰ μὴ Θηβαίους.. ἐχθροὺς ποιήσειε τῇ πόλει, i.e. Philip thought there would be no end to the war, unless he should make.. (his thought having been ἐὰν μὴ ποιήσω), D.18.145;ἐβούλοντο γὰρ σφίσιν, εἴ τινα λάβοιεν, ὑπάρχειν ἀντὶ τῶν ἔνδον, ἢν ἄρα τύχωσί τινες ἐζωγρημένοι Th.2.5
.4 c. opt. with ἄν, only when the clause serves as apodosis as well as protasis, cf. Pl.Prt. 329b, D.4.18, X.Mem.1.5.3 (v.ἄν A. 111
. d).IV c. INF., in oratio obliqua, only in Hdt.,εἰ γὰρ δὴ δεῖν πάντως περιθεῖναι ἄλλῳ τέῳ τὴν βασιληΐην, [ἔφη] δικαιότερον εἶναι κτλ. 1.129
; , cf. 172, 3.105, 108.V after Verbs denoting wonder, delight, indignation, disappointment, contentment, and similar emotions, εἰ c. ind. is used instead of ὅτι, to express the object of the feeling in a hypothetical form, θαυμάζω εἰ μηδεὶς ὑμῶν μήτ' ἐνθυμεῖται μήτ' ὀργίζεται, ὁρῶν .. I wonder that no one of you is either concerned or angry when he sees.., D.4.43;οὐκ ἀγαπᾷ εἰ μὴ δίκην δέδωκεν, ἀλλ' εἰ μὴ καὶ χρυσῷ στεφάνῳ στεφανωθήσεται ἀγανακτεῖ Aeschin.3.147
: after past tenses,ἐθαύμασε δ' εἰ μὴ φανερόν ἐστιν X.Mem.1.1.13
;δεινὸν εἰσῄει, εἰ μὴ.. δόξει D.19.33
; ;οὐδὲ ᾐσχύνθη εἰ.. ἐπάγει D.21.105
: in oratio obliqua (expressed or implied) c. opt., ἐπεῖπεν ὡς δεινὸν (sc. εἴη)εἰ.. μεγαλόψυχος γένοιτο Aeschin.2.157
;ᾤκτιρον εἰ ἁλώσοιντο X.An.1.4.7
; ἐθαύμαζε δ' εἴ τις ἀρετὴν ἐπαγγελλόμενος ἀργύριον πράττοιτο he wondered that any one should demand money, Id.Mem.1.2.7; ἔχαιρον ἀγαπῶν εἴ τις ἐάσοι I rejoiced, being content if any one should let it pass, Pl.R. 450a:—in this use the neg. οὐ is also found, ; ;τέρας λέγεις, εἰ οὐκ ἂν δύναιντο λαθεῖν Pl.Men. 91d
, etc.VI in citing a fact as a ground of argument or appeal, as surely as, since, εἴ ποτ' ἔην γε if there was [as there was], i.e. as sure as there was such an one, Il.3.180, al.;εἰ τότε κοῦρος ἔα, νῦν αὖτέ με γῆρας ὀπάζει 4.321
; πολλοὺς γὰρ οἶκε εἶναι εὐπετέστερον διαβάλλειν ἢ ἕνα, εἰ Κλεομένεα μὲν μοῦνον οὐκ οἷός τε ἐγένετο διαβαλεῖν, τρεῖς δὲ μυριάδας Ἀθηναίων ἐποίησε τοῦτο it seems easier to deceive many than one, if (as was the fact, i.e. since) he was not able.., Hdt.5.97, cf. 1.60,al.VII ELLIPTICAL CONSTRUCTIONS:1 with apodosis implied in the context, εἰ having the force of in case, supposing that, πρὸς τὴν πόλιν, εἰ ἐπιβοηθοῖεν, ἐχώρουν they marched towards the city [so as to meet the citizens], in case they should rush out, Th.6.100; ἱκέται πρὸς σὲ δεῦρ' ἀφίγμεθα, εἴ τινα πόλιν φράσειας ἡμῖν εὔερον we have come hither to you, in case you should tell us of some fleecy city (i.e. that we might hear of it), Ar.Av. 120; παρέζεο καὶ λαβὲ γούνων, αἴ κέν πως ἐθέλῃσιν ἐπὶ Τρώεσσιν ἀρῆξαι sit by him and grasp his knees [so as to persuade him], in case he be willing to help the Trojans, Il.1.408, cf. 66, Od.1.94, 3.92; ἄκουσον καὶ ἐμοῦ, ἐάν σοι ἔτι ταὐτὰ δοκῇ hear me also [that you may assent], in case the same opinion please you, Pl.R. 358b; ἰδὲ δή, ἐάν σοι ὅπερ ἐμοὶ συνδοκῇ look now, in case you approve what I do, ib. 434a.2 with apodosis suppressed for rhetorical reasons, εἴ περ γάρ κ' ἐθέλῃσιν Ὀλύμπιος.. στυφελίξαι if he wish to thrust him away, [he will do so], Il.1.580; εἰ μὲν δώσουσι γέρας—· εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώωσιν, ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι if they shall give me a prize, [well and good]; but if they give not, then I will take one for myself, 1.135, cf. 6.150, Ar.Pl. 468; καὶ ἢν μὲν ξυμβῇ ἡ πεῖρα—· εἰ δὲ μή .. and if the attempt succeed, [well]; otherwise.., Th.3.3, cf. Pl.Prt. 325d.3 with the Verb of the protasis omitted, chiefly in the following expressions:a εἰ μή except,οὐδὲν ἄλλο σιτέονται, εἰ μὴ ἰχθῦς μοῦνον Hdt. 1.200
; μὰ τὼ θεώ, εἰ μὴ Κρίτυλλά γ' [εἰμί]—nay, if I'm not Critylla! i.e. I am, Ar.Th. 898; εἰ μὴ ὅσον except only,ἐγὼ μέν μιν οὐκ εἶδον, εἰ μὴ ὅσον γραφῇ Hdt.2.73
, cf. 1.45, 2.20;εἰ μὴ εἰ Th.1.17
, Pl.Grg. 480b, etc.; εἰ μή τι οὖν, ἀλλὰ σμικρόν γέ μοι τῆς ἀρχῆς χάλασον if nothing else, yet.., Id.Men. 86e; ironical,εἰ μὴ ἄρα ἡ τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐπιμέλεια διαφθορά ἐστιν X.Mem.1.2.8
;εἰ μή πέρ γε τὸν ὑοσκύαμον χρήματα εἶναι φήσομεν Id.Oec.1.13
.b εἰ δὲ μή but if not, i.e. otherwise,προηγόρευε τοῖς Λαμψακηνοῖσι μετιέναι Μιλτιάδεα, εἰ δὲ μή, σφέας πίτυος τρόπον ἀπείλεε ἐκτρίψειν Hdt.6.37
, cf. 56; after μάλιστα μέν, Th.1.32,35, etc.:—after a preceding neg., μὴ τύπτ'· εἰ δὲ μή, σαυτόν ποτ' αἰτιάσει don't beat me; otherwise, you will have yourself to blame, Ar.Nu. 1433;ὦ Κῦρε, μὴ οὕτω λέγε· εἰ δὲ μή, οὐ θαρροῦντά με ἕξεις X.Cyr.3.1.35
;οὔτ' ἐν τῷ ὕδατι τὰ ὅπλα ἦν ἔχειν· εἰ δὲ μή Id.An.4.3.6
, cf. Th.1.28, 131, Pl.Phd. 91c.c εἰ δέ sts. stands forεἰ δὲ μή, εἰ μὲν βούλεται, ἑψέτω· εἰ δ', ὅτι βούλεται, τοῦτο ποιείτω Pl.Euthd. 285c
, cf. Smp. 212c; ;εἰ δ' οὕτως Arist.EN 1094a24
; εἰ δὲ τοῦτο and if so, Str.2.1.29.e εἴ τις if any, i. e. as much as or more than any,τῶν γε νῦν αἴ τις ἐπιχθονίων, ὀρθῶς B.5.5
;ὄτλον ἄλγιστον ἔσχον, εἴ τις Αἰτωλὶς γυνή S.Tr.8
, cf. OC 734; εἴ τις ἄλλος, siquis alius, E.Andr.6, etc.;εἴ τινες καὶ ἄλλοι Hdt.3.2
, etc.;εἴπερ τις ἄλλος Pl.R. 501d
; also κατ' εἰ δέ τινα τρόπον in any way, IG 5(2).6.27 ([place name] Tegea).f εἴ ποτε or εἴπερ ποτέ now if ever,ἡμῖν δὲ καλῶς, εἴπερ ποτέ, ἔχει.. ἡ ξυναλλαγή Th.4.20
, cf. Ar.Eq. 594;αἴ ποτα κἄλλοτα Alc.Supp.7.11
, cf. X.An.6.4.12, etc.; but in prayers,εἴ ποτέ τοι ἐπὶ νηὸν ἔρεψα.. τόδε μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ Il.1.39
.g εἴ ποθεν (sc. δυνατόν ἐστι) if from any quarter, i.e. from some quarter or other, S.Ph. 1204 (lyr.); so εἴ ποθι somewhere, anywhere, Id.Aj. 885 (lyr.);εἴ που Od.4.193
.h εἴ πως ib. 388, X.An.2.3.11: in an elliptical sentence (cf. VII. 1),πρέσβεις πέμψαντες, εἴ πως πείσειαν Th.1.58
.VIII with other PARTICLES:1 for the distinction between καὶ εἰ (or καὶ ἐάν, or κἄν ) even if, and εἰ καί (or ἐὰν καί ) even though, v. καί:—the opposite of καὶ εἰ is οὐδ' εἰ, not even if; that of εἰ καί is εἰ μηδέ, if (although) not even.IX in neg. oaths, = Hebr. im, LXXPs.94(95).11, Ev.Marc.8.12, al.C IN INDIRECT QUESTIONS, whether, folld. by the ind., subj., or opt., according to the principles of oratio obliqua:1 with IND. after primary tenses, representing the same tense in the direct question, σάφα δ' οὐκ οἶδ' εἰ θεός ἐστιν whether he is a god, Il.5.183;εἰ ξυμπονήσεις.. σκόπει S.Ant.41
.2 with SUBJ. after primary tenses, representing a dubitative subj. in the direct question, τὰ ἐκπώματα οὐκ οἶδ' εἰ Χρυσάντᾳ τουτῳῒ δῶ whether I should give them, X.Cyr.8.4.16: sts. elliptical,ἐς τὰ χρηστήρια ἔπεμπε, εἰ στρατεύηται ἐπὶ τοὺς Πέρσας Hdt.1.75
.3 OPT. after past tenses, representing either of the two previous constructions in the direct question, ἤρετο εἴ τις ἐμοῦ εἴη σοφώτερος he asked whether any one was wiser than I (direct ἔστι τις σοφώτερος;), Pl.Ap. 21a;ἐπεκηρυκεύετο Πεισιστράτῳ, εἰ βούλοιτό οἱ τὴν θυγατέρα ἔχειν γυναῖκα Hdt.1.60
: rarely [tense] aor. opt. for the [tense] aor. ind., ἠρώτων αὐτὸν εἰ ἀναπλεύσειεν I asked him whether he had set sail (direct ἀνέπλευσας;), D.50.55: but [tense] aor. opt. usually represents [tense] aor. subj., τὸν θεὸν ἐπήροντο εἰ παραδοῖεν Κορινθίοις τὴν πόλιν.. καὶ τιμωρίαν τινὰ πειρῷντ' ἀπ' αὐτῶν ποιεῖσθαι they asked whether they should deliver their city to the Corinthians, and should try.., Th.1.25:—in both constructions the ind. or subj. may be retained, ψῆφον ἐβούλοντο ἐπαγαγεῖν εἰ χρὴ πολεμεῖν ib. 119; ἐβουλεύοντο εἴτε κατακαύσωσιν.. εἴτε τι ἄλλο χρήσωνται whether they should burn them or should dispose of them in some other way, Id.2.4; ἀνακοινοῦσθαι αὐτὸν αὑτῷ εἰ δῷ ἐπιψηφίσαι τοῖς προέδροις [he said that] he consulted him whether he should give.., Aeschin.2.68.4 with OPT. and ἄν when this was the form of the direct question, ἠρώτων εἰ δοῖεν ἂν τούτων τὰ πιστά they asked whether they would give (direct δοιήτε ἄν;), X.An.4.8.7.5 the NEG. used with εἰ in indirect questions is οὐ, when οὐ would be used in the direct question, ἐνετέλλετο.. εἰρωτᾶν εἰ οὔ τι ἐπαισχύνεται whether he is not ashamed, Hdt.1.90, etc.; but if μή would be required in the direct form, it is retained in the indirect, οὐ τοῦτο ἐρωτῶ, ἀλλ' εἰ τοῦ μὲν δικαίου μὴ ἀξιοῖ πλέον ἔχειν μηδὲ βούλεται ὁ δίκαιος, τοῦ δὲ ἀδίκου (the direct question would be μὴ ἀξιοῖ μηδὲ βούλεται; he does not see fit nor wish, does he?) Pl.R. 349b:—in double indirect questions, εἴτε.. εἴτε.. ; εἰ.. εἴτε.. ; εἴτε.. ἢ .., either οὐ or μή can be used in the second clause, ; ; εἰ ἀληθὲς ἢ μή, πειράσομαι μαθεῖν ib. 339a;πολλὰ ἂν περιεσκέψω, εἴτε ἐπιτρεπτέον εἴτε οὔ·.. οὐδένα λόγον οὐδὲ συμβουλὴν ποιῇ, εἴτε χρὴ ἐπιτρέπειν σαυτὸν αὐτῷ εἴτε μή Id.Prt. 313a
, 313b;ἀνάγκη τὴν ἐμὴν μητέρα, εἴτε θυγάτηρ ἦν Κίρωνος εἴτε μή, καὶ εἰ παρ' ἐκείνῳ διῃτᾶτο ἢ οὔ, καὶ γάμους εἰ διττοὺς ὑπὲρ ταύτης εἱστίασεν ἢ μὴ.. πάντα ταῦτα εἰδέναι τοὺς οἰκέτας Is.8.9
; τοὺς νόμους καταμανθάνειν εἰ καλῶς κεῖνται ἢ μή.. τοὺς λόγους εἰ ὀρθῶς ὑμᾶς διδάσκουσιν ἢ οὔ Antipho 5.14. -
114 εἰσπίπτω
A fall into, generally with a notion of violence, rush or burst in,ἐς τὰς πόλιας Hdt.5.15
;ἐς τὰς νέας Id.8.56
;ἐς οἴκημα Th.2.4
, etc.; of the sea, Id.4.24 : poet. c. dat., .2 simply, fall into,ἐς χωρίον Th.1.106
;ἐς χαράδρας Id.3.98
, etc.; ἐς.ἐς εἱρκτήν to be thrown into prison, Id.1.131: in Poets, c.acc., ; ὄχλον γὰρ ἐσπεσεῖν ᾐσχυνόμην to go into the crowd, Id.Hel. 415; ἐς. πέπλους seek shelter within my robes, Id.Tr. 1181; πτέρυγας ἐσπίτνων ἐμάς ib. 751; κτύπου κέλευθον ἐσπεσόντος a noise having come into the street, Id.Or. 1312.3 fall into a certain condition,δούλειον ἦμαρ εἰ. Id.Andr.99
; ξυμφοράν ib. 983; : in Th.4.4 ἐνέπεσε shd. be read.II make an onset, attack, Hdt. 1.63, S.Aj.55;ἐ. ἐς τὸν πεζόν Hdt.4.128
;ἐς τοὺς ἀγρούς Th.2.22
; ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας 'besiege the door', Plu. Oth.17.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εἰσπίπτω
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115 εὐέστιος
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὐέστιος
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116 εὐθαλής
εὐθαλ-ής, ές,A blooming, flourishing, thriving,Αἴγυπτος A.Fr.300.5
; ;ἄνηθον Mosch.3.100
, cf. AP9.3 (Antip.), Orph.A. 912;χάριτες AP7.600
(Jul.): later in Prose, (Arcesine, iii A. D.); εὐθαλέστερα παιδία Sabin. ap. Orib.9.17.3;ζῷα εὐθαλῆ POxy.902.15
(V A. D.): metaph., τὸ εὐ. [τῆς ψυχῆς] Ph.1.512;πτερὰ εὐ. τῆς ψυχῆς Them. Or.21.251
b.------------------------------------Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὐθαλής
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117 εὐπροσήγορος
εὐπροσ-ήγορος, ον,A easy of address, i.e. affable, courteous, ἐν -οισίν ἐστί τις χάρις; E.Hipp.95;εὐ. φρήν Id.Alc. 775
;γῆρας Trag.Adesp. 552
, cf. Trag. in Gött.Nachr.1922.31; τῷ λόγῳ εὐ. Isoc.1.20; οὐκ εὐ. ἆται miseries that forbid my being spoken to, E.HF 1284: [comp] Sup. - ώτατος J.AJ19.1.13. Adv. - ρως D.H.Rh.5.4.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὐπροσήγορος
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118 εὔθυμος
εὔθῡμ-ος, ον,II cheerful, Democr.174, X.Cyr.6.4.13 ([comp] Comp.), Pl.Lg. 792b; συμπόσια εὔ. Ion Eleg.1.14;φέρειν γῆρας εὔ. εἰς τελευτάν Pi.O.5.22
; of horses, spirited, X.Eq.11.12 ([comp] Sup.); τὸ εὔ., = εὐθυμία, Plu.2.1106c, D.C.42.1. Adv. - μως cheerfully, Batr.159, A.Ag. 1592: [comp] Comp. - ότερον X.Cyr.2.2.27: [comp] Sup. - ότατα ib.3.3.12.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὔθυμος
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119 θάνατος
A death, whether natural or violent, Hom., etc.; τῶν ὑπαλευάμενος θάνατον the death threatened by them, Od.15.275;ὣς θάνον οἰκτίστῳ θανάτῳ 11.412
; θάνατόνδε to death, Il.16.693, 22.297; θανάτου τέλος, μοῖρα, A.Th. 906 (lyr.), Pers. 917 (anap.), etc.; θανάτου πέρι καὶ ζωᾶς for life and death, Pi.N.9.29;θ. ἢ βίον φέρει S. Aj. 802
;θάνατος μὲν τάδ' ἀκούειν Id.OC 529
;θανάτῳ ἴσον πάθος Id.Aj. 215
;ἐν ἀγχόναις θάνατον λαβεῖν E.Hel. 201
; πόλεώς ἐστι θ., ἀνάστατον γενέσθαι it is its death, Lycurg.61; γῆρας ζῶν θ. Secund.Sent.12; θάνατον ἀποθνῄσκειν, τελευτᾶν, Plu.Crass.25, D.H.4.76.2 in Law, death-penalty, θάνατον καταγνῶναί τινος to pass sentence of death on one, Th.3.81; θανάτου δίκῃ κρίνεσθαι ib.57;θανάτου κρίνειν X.Cyr.1.2.14
, Plb.6.14.6;περὶ θανάτου διώκειν X.HG7.3.6
; πρὸς τοὺς ἐχθροὺς.. ἀγωνίσασθαι περὶ θ. D.4.47; θ. τῆς ζημίας ἐπικειμένης the penalty is death, Isoc.8.50; ellipt., παιδίον κεκος μημένον τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ (sc. στολήν) Hdt.1.109;τὴν ἐπὶ θ. προσαγαγεῖν τινα Luc.Alex.44
; but δῆσαί τινα τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ (sc. δέσιν) Hdt.3.119; τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ ἔξοδον ποιεῖσθαι to go to execution, Id.7.223;ἐπὶ θάνατον ἄγεσθαι Id.3.14
; τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις ἐπιτρέψαι περὶ σφῶν αὐτῶν πλὴν θανάτου for any penalty short of death, Th.4.54; ; εἰργόμενον θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ἀνάπηρον ποιῆσαι short of death or maiming, Aeschin.1.183.3 pl., θάνατοι kinds of death, Od.12.341; the deaths of several persons, S.OT 1200, E.Heracl. 628 (both lyr.); poet., of one person, A.Ch.53, S.OT 496, El. 206 (all lyr.);οὐχ ἑνός, οὐδὲ δυοῖν ἄξια θανάτοιν Pl.Lg. 908e
;πολλῶν θ., οὐχ ἑνὸς ἄξιος D.21.21
, cf.19.16, Ar.Pl. 483, D.H.4.24;δεύτερος θ.
*apoc.2.11
, cf. Plu.2.942f; esp. of violent death,θ. αὐθένται A.Ag. 1572
(lyr.), cf. Th. 879 (lyr.);εἰς θανάτους ἰέναι Pl.R. 399b
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > θάνατος
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120 καθαίρω
Aκᾰθᾰρῶ X.Oec.18.6
, prob. in Pl.Lg. 735b, etc.: [tense] aor. 1ἐκάθηρα Od.20.152
, Th.3.104, Hp.Mul.1.47, IG22.1672.47 ([etym.] ἀνα-), Theoc.5.119, etc.; ἐκάθᾱρα is found in codd. of Antipho6.37, X.An. 5.7.35, Hp.Acut. (Sp.) 11, and commonly in later Gr., Thphr.Char. 16.7, BCH6.23 (Delos, ii B.C.), ([etym.] ἀνα-) PPetr.3p.141 (iii B.C.), ([etym.] συνανα-) IG11(2).163A56 (Delos, iii B.C.), cf. διακαθαίρω, ἐκκαθαίρω, etc., and Phryn.16; v. infr. [voice] Med.: [tense] pf. κεκάθαρκα ([etym.] ἐκ-) Sch.Ar. Pax 752:— [voice] Med., [tense] fut.καθαροῦμαι Pl.Cra. 396e
, Hp.Morb.2.38 (in pass. sense, ib. 2.13, Nat.Mul.13, Mul.2.160): [tense] aor.ἐκαθηράμην A.Fr. 354
, Hp.Epid. 5.43, Pl.Lg. 868a, IG11(2).146A78 (Delos, iv B.C.), 153.9, 154A37 (ibid., iii B.C.); later ἐκαθᾱράμην ib.146A80 (iv B.C.), Inscr.Délos290.79, al. (iii B.C.), etc., ([etym.] ἀνα-) IG22.1668.8(iv B.C.): [voice] Pass., [tense] fut.καθαρθήσομαι Ruf.
ap. Orib.7.26.64, Gal.7.222: [tense] aor.ἐκαθάρθην Hdt.1.43
, Th. 3.104, Hp.Epid.5.2, etc. ([tense] aor. 2 ἀποκαθαρῇ is f.l. in Arr.Cyn.27.1): [tense] pf.κεκάθαρμαι Hp.Nat.Mul.8
, Pl.Phd. 69c, etc.: ([etym.] καθαρός):I cleanse, of things,καθήρατε δὲ κρητῆρας Od.20.152
;τραπέζας ὕδατ ι.. καθαίρειν 22.439
; ;κ. οἰκίαν Antipho
l.c., Thphr. l.c.; of wounds, Hp. Ulc.6, al. (cf.καθαιρέω 11.6
): c. gen.,ἵππον αὐχμηρᾶς τριχός S.Fr. 475
;κ. σῖτον X.Oec.18.6
; γῆν clear of weeds, ib.20.11, cf. PLille5.24 (iii B.C.), etc.; χρυσόν purify, refine, Pl.Plt. 303d: metaph., purge, clear a land of monsters and robbers, S.Tr. 1012 (hex.), 1061, Plu.Thes.7;κ.λῃστηρίων τὴν ἐπαρχίαν Id.Mar.6
: c.acc. cogn.,καθαρμὸν κ. Pl.Lg. 735b
:—[voice] Pass., .2 in religious sense, purify, [δέπας] ἐκάθηρε θεείῳ by fumigating with sulphur, Il.16.228; κ. τινὰ φόνου purify him from blood, Hdt.1.44, cf. Berl.Sitzb.1927.160 ([place name] Cyrene); Δῆλον κ. Hdt.1.64, cf. Th.1.8; στόλον κ., Lat. classem lustrare, App.BC5.96: abs., IG5(1).1390.68 (Andania, i B.C.):— [voice] Med., purify oneself, get purified, Hdt.4.73;οἱ φιλοσοφίᾳ καθηράμενοι Pl.Phd. 114c
, cf. Phdr. 243a, Cra. 396e;καθαίρεσθαι καθαρμούς Id.Lg. 868e
; καθήρασθαι στόμα keep one's tongue pure, A.Fr. 354:—[voice] Pass.,κεκαθαρμένος καὶ τετελεσμένος Pl.Phd. 69c
.3 Medic., purge, evacuate, either by purgatives or emetics,κ. κάτω ἢ ἄνω Hp.Mul.1.64
([voice] Pass.), cf. Thphr.HP9.11.11, etc.:—[voice] Med.,κατὰ κύστιν ἐκαθήρατο Hp.Epid. 1.15
:—[voice] Pass., ib.5.2, etc.; also of menstruation, Id.Superf.33; of the after-birth, τὰ λοχεῖα κ. Id.Mul.1.78; καθαίρων, ὁ, name for ἶρις, Ps.-Dsc.1.1.5 sift, winnow grain, PTeb.373.10(ii A.D.).6 metaph., = μαστιγόω, Theoc.5.119.II of the thing removed by purification, purge away, wash off,λύματα πάντα κάθηρεν Il.14.171
; ; clear away,τὰ λῃστικά D.C.37.52
: metaph., φόνον κ. A.Ch.74 (lyr.); also perh., clear up, explain an action,τὴν σύστασιν Epicur.Nat.66G.
, cf. 73G.III c. dupl. acc., αἷμα κάθηρον.. Σαρπηδόνα cleanse him of blood, wash the blood off him, Il.16.667:—[voice] Pass., καθαίρομαι γῆρας I am purged of old age, A. Fr.45;ὁ καθαρθεὶς τὸν φόνον Hdt.1.43
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См. также в других словарях:
γῆρας — old age neut nom/voc/acc sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
γήρας — Η περίοδος της ζωής που ακολουθεί την ώριμη ηλικία και προηγείται του φυσικού θανάτου. Στις προηγμένες χώρες, θεωρείται ότι το γ. αρχίζει στα 60 χρόνια, ηλικία στην οποία αρχίζει συνήθως η παροχή σύνταξης ή η αποχώρηση από την ενεργό… … Dictionary of Greek
γήρας — γήρᾱς , γῆρας old age neut gen sg (doric aeolic) γήρᾱς , γηράσκω grow old imperf ind act 2nd sg (homeric ionic) γήρᾱς , γηράω grow old pres ind act 2nd sg (attic) γήρᾱς , γηράω grow old imperf ind act 2nd sg (homeric ionic) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
γηρᾷς — γηράσκω grow old pres subj act 2nd sg γηράσκω grow old pres ind act 2nd sg (epic) γηράω grow old pres subj act 2nd sg γηράω grow old pres ind act 2nd sg (epic) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
γηράς — γηρά̱ς , γηράσκω grow old pres part act masc nom/voc sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
Ὦ γήρας, οἳον τοῖς ἔχουσι εἶ κακόν. — См. Старость не радость … Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона (оригинальная орфография)
γηρᾶν — γῆρας old age neut gen pl (doric aeolic) γηράσκω grow old pres part act masc voc sg (doric aeolic) γηράσκω grow old pres part act neut nom/voc/acc sg (doric aeolic) γηράσκω grow old pres part act masc nom sg (doric aeolic) γηρᾶ̱ν , γηράσκω grow… … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
γηρῶν — γῆρας old age neut gen pl (attic epic ionic) γῆρος neut gen pl (attic epic doric) γηράσκω grow old pres part act masc voc sg γηράσκω grow old pres part act neut nom/voc/acc sg γηράσκω grow old pres part act masc nom sg (attic epic ionic) γηράω… … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
γήραος — γῆρας old age neut gen sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
γήρως — γῆρας old age neut gen sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
Geflügelte Worte (Antike) — Alpha und Omega, Anfang und Ende, kombiniert zu einem Buchstaben Diese Liste ist eine Sammlung alt und neugriechischer Phrasen, Sprichwörter und Redewendungen. Sie beschreibt ihren Gebrauch und gibt, wo möglich, die Quellen an. Graeca non… … Deutsch Wikipedia