Κρίσις

κρίσις, εως, ἡ (s. κρίνω; Aeschyl., Hdt.+).

① legal process of judgment, judging, judgment

ⓐ of the activity of God or the Messiah as judge, esp. on the Last Day (Bacchylides 3, 26 of judgment by Zeus).

α. ἡ δικαία κ. τοῦ θεοῦ God’s righteous judgment 2 Th 1:5. ἡ κρίσις ἡ ἐμὴ δικαία ἐστίν J 5:30 (cp. δικαία περὶ πάντων κ. Orig., C. Cels. 4, 9, 10). θεία κ. 2 Cl 20:4. κρίσιν ποιεῖν execute judgment, act as judge (Aristoph., Ran. 778; 785; X., Hell. 4, 2, 6; 8; Dt 10:18.—Likew. κ. ποιεῖσθαι: 1 Macc 6:22; Jos., Ant. 6, 34; Just., A I, 2, 3; D. 124, 1; Iren. 1, 10, 1 [Harv. I 91, 10]) J 5:27. τ. κρίσιν διδόναι τινί commit judgment or judging to someone vs. 22 (TestAbr A 13 p. 92, 10 [Stone p. 32]). ἡ ἡμέρα (τῆς) κρίσεως the Day of Judgment (Jdth 16:17; Is 34:8; Pr 6:34; PsSol 15:12; GrBar 1:7; ApcEsdr 2:27 p. 26, 21 Tdf. al.; ApcMos 12:26; Just.) Mt 10:15; 11:22, 24; 12:36; Mk 6:11 v.l.; 2 Pt 2:9; 3:7; 1J 4:17; 2 Cl 16:3; 17:6; B 19:10; 21:6.—ἡ κ. ἡ μέλλουσα the judgment to come 2 Cl 18:2; MPol 11:2. ἡ κ. ἡ ἐπερχομένη the approaching judgment Hv 3, 9, 5 (περὶ τῆς ἐσομένης κ. Orig., C. Cels. 1, 56, 7; cp. μετὰ τὴν ἀνάστασιν καὶ κ. Theoph. Ant. 2, 26 [p. 164, 1]). Denial of the Last Judgment Pol 7:1. κ. μεγάλης ἡμέρας the judgment of the Great Day Jd 6. ἡ ὥρα τῆς κ. αὐτοῦ the hour when (God) is to judge Rv 14:7. οὐκ ἀναστήσονται οἱ ἀσεβεῖς ἐν κ. the wicked will not rise in the judgment (or on the J. Day) B 11:7 (Ps 1:5); cp. Mt 12:41f; Lk 10:14; 11:31f. δικαιοσύνη κρίσεως ἀρχὴ καὶ τέλος righteousness (on the part of the judge) is the beginning and end of judging B 1:6. Divine judgment (cp. Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 8, 40 τῶν ἀθανάτων κ.; Hierocles 11, 441 and 442 al. θεία κρίσις) is also mentioned 1 Ti 5:24; Hb 9:27 (cp. Diog. L. 3, 79 after Plato: one must fulfill the δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ, ἵνα μὴ καὶ μετὰ τὸν θάνατον δίκας ὑπόσχοιεν οἱ κακοῦργοι=so that after death they might not as evil-doers be subject to penalties); 2 Pt 2:4, 9; 2 Cl 20:4; D 11:11.

β. The word oft. means judgment that goes against a person, condemnation, and the sentence that follows (TestAbr A 14 p. 93, 24 [Stone p. 34]; ApcEsdr 1:24 p. 25, 19 Tdf.; SibOr 3, 670; Just., D. 56, 1; 60, 2 κ. τῶν Σοδόμων) GPt 7:25. δισσὴν ἕξουσιν τὴν κ. they will receive double punishment 2 Cl 10:5. ἡ κ. σου your judgment Rv 18:10. κἀκείνοις κ. ἐστίν judgment comes upon them, too ISm 6:1. φοβερά τις ἐκδοχὴ κρίσεως a fearful prospect of judgment Hb 10:27 (Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 30, 179 a reference to the κ. τῶν ψυχῶν serves to arouse φόβος τ. ἀδικίας). ἡ κ. αὐτοῦ ἤρθη his punishment was taken away Ac 8:33; 1 Cl 16:7 (both Is 53:8). ὑπὸ κρίσιν πίπτειν come under judgment Js 5:12; cp. 2:13ab. ἡ κ. τῆς γεέννης being punished in hell Mt 23:33 (gen. as Diod S 1, 82, 3 θανάτου κ.=punishment by death; πυρὸς κ. Hippol. Ref. 10, 34, 2; cp. 9, 10, 7). ἔνοχός ἐστιν αἰωνίου κ. liable for eternal punishment Mk 3:29 v.l. κ. κατά τινος upon, against someone (Aelian, VH 2, 6) ποιῆσαι κρίσιν κατὰ πάντων execute judgment upon all Jd 15 (En 1:9).—(Opp. ζωή) ἔχει ζωὴν αἰώνιον καὶ εἰς κ. οὐκ ἔρχεται J 5:24 (cp. Philip [=Demosth. 12, 16] εἰς κ. ἐλθεῖν; ApcSed 11:16 [134, 36 Ja.] τὸ σῶμα … ἀπέρχεται εἰς κρίσιν). ἀνάστασις ζωῆς … ἀνάστασις κρίσεως vs. 29. κρίσις τοῦ κόσμου τούτου judgment of (or upon) this world 12:31; cp. 16:8, interpreted as a judgment on the prince of this world 16:11 (cp. 12:31b; 1QM 1, 5; but s. also LLutkemeyer, CBQ 8, ’46, 225f ‘good judgment’, and BNoack, Satanas u. Soteria ’48, 79; also s. δικαιοσύνη 3a end).—Some interpreters see in 3:19 a double sense for κ., containing in addition to the senses ‘judgment’ and ‘condemnation’ the clear connotation of ‘separation, division’ (Hecataeus [320 B.C.]: 264 Fgm. 6, 1 Jac. [in Diod S 40, 3, 2 Dind. w. the ms. trad.] κρίσις τῶν κακῶν=‘separation fr. the evils’. A double sense as in J is found in Artem. 5, 5 κριτής=‘judge’ and ‘divider’). The ‘judgment’, which is operative here and now, is said to consist in the fact that people divide themselves into two groups, those who accept Christ and those who reject him (Hdb.; Bultmann). But it is also prob. that κ. in this vs. simply refers to the judicial process, which includes a statement of rationale or basis for the adverse verdict, here expressed in the clause ὅτι … τὰ ἔργα.—Pl. judgments, punishments (Diod S 1, 75, 2; Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 96 §446 κρίσεις πικραί=severe punishments) ἀληθιναὶ καὶ δίκαιαι αἱ κρίσεις σου Rv 16:7; 19:2.—Bousset, Rel.³ 257ff; LRuhl, De Mortuorum Judicio 1903; JBlank, Krisis (J), diss. Freiburg, ’64.

ⓑ of the judgment of one person upon or against another, in the nature of an evaluation

α. of one human being toward another κ. δικαία B 20:2; D 5:2. κ. ἄδικος unjust judgment Pol 6:1; ἀπότομος ἐν κ. relentless in judgment ibid. τὴν δικαίαν κρίσιν κρίνετε J 7:24 (κρίνω 2a). Cp. ἡ κ. ἡ ἐμὴ ἀληθινή ἐστιν 8:16.

β. of archangel against the devil οὐκ ἐτόλμησεν κρίσιν ἐπενεγκεῖν βλασφημίας he did not presume to pronounce a reviling judgment Jd 9. Cp. the corresp. pass. in 2 Pt 2:11 ἄγγελοι οὐ φέρουσιν κατʼ αὐτῶν παρὰ κυρίου βλάσφημον κρίσιν angels do not pronounce a reviling judgment against them from the Lord.

② a board of judges, court, specif. a local court (s. Schürer II 187f; Diod S 17, 80, 2; Aesop, Fab. 190 H.=459 P.; Theod. Prodr. 1, 402 H.) ἔνοχος ἔσται τῇ κ. he will have to answer to a (local) court Mt 5:21f.—RGuelich, ZNW 64, ’73, 44ff.

③ administration of what is right and fair, right in the sense of justice/ righteousness (Michel 542, 6 [II B.C.] πίστιν ἔχοντα καὶ κρίσιν ὑγιῆ; OGI 383, 207 [I B.C.]; LXX; cp. מִשְׁפָּט) ἀφήκατε τὴν κρίσιν καὶ τὸ ἔλεος καὶ τὴν πίστιν Mt 23:23; cp. Lk 11:42. ἐκζητεῖν κ. seek out justice 1 Cl 8:4 (Is 1:17). κρίσιν τ. ἔθνεσιν ἀπαγγελεῖ he will proclaim justice for the gentiles Mt 12:18 (Is 42:1). ἕως ἃν ἐκβάλῃ εἰς νῖκος τ. κρίσιν until he leads justice to victory vs. 20 (cp. Is 42:3.—Other prob. renderings are legal action, trial, case [X., An. 1, 6, 5; Diod S 2, 42, 4 αἱ κρίσεις=legal suits, transactions; En 9:3 εἰσαγάγετε τὴν κρίσιν ἡμῶν πρὸς τὸν ὕψιστον], and, influenced by νῖκος, a [military] decision [Dionys. Hal. 9, 35; 2 Macc 14:18]). The rendering right, justice may also be valid for such passages as J 7:24; 12:31; 16:8, 11; Ac 8:33 [so NRSV] and perh. others.—GWetter, s.v. κρίμα 4b near end; HBraun, Gerichtsgedanke u. Rechtfertigungslehre b. Pls 1930; FFilson, St. Paul’s Conception of Recompense ’31.—For add. reff. to the theme of justice in antiquity s. PvanderHorst, The Sentences of Pseudo-Phocylides 78, 117–28.—DELG s.v. κρίνω. M-M. TW.

κρίσις [ῐς], εως, ἡ, ([etym.] κρίνω)

A separating, distinguishing,

τοῦ πλέω καὶ τοῦ μὴ πλέω Meliss.7

; τῶν ὁμοιογενῶν, τῶν διαφερόντων, dub. l. in Arist.EN 1165a34.

2 decision, judgement,

περὶ τούτων Parm.8.15

;

τὴν Κροίσου κ. Hdt.3.34

;

ἐν θεῶν κρίσει A.Ag. 1289

;

κατὰ δύναμιν καὶ κ. ἐμήν Hp.Jusj.1

; κ. οὐκ ἀληθής no certain means of judging, S.OT 501 (lyr.);

πολίτης ὁρίζεται τῷ μετέχειν κρίσεως καὶ ἀρχῆς Arist. Pol. 1275a23

;

κρίσεως προσδεόμενα Epicur.Nat.32

G., cf. Herc.1420.3;

αἱ τῶν πολλῶν κ. Phld.Mus.p.75

K.; Κρίσις, title of a play by Sophocles on the Judgemént of Paris; κ. τινός judgement on or respecting,

τῶν μνηστήρων Hdt.6.131

;

ἀέθλων Pi.O.3.21

, N.10.23;

μορφῆς E.Hel.26

: ἡ τῶν ὅπλων κ., referring to the story of Ajax, Pl.R. 620b, cf. Arist.Po. 1459b5;

κρίσιν.. τοῦ βίου πέρι ὧν λέγομεν Pl.R. 360e

;

κ. ἀμφ' ἀέθλοις Pi.O.7.80

;

κ. διημαρτημένη Stoic.1.50

; κ. συνετή Cleanth.ib.128; power of judgement,

κρίσει πραγμάτων διαφέρεσθαι Plb.18.14.10

; κατὰ κρίσιν with judgement, advisedly, Id.6.11.8.

3 choice, election,

κ. ποιεῖσθαι τῶν ἀξίων Arist.Pol. 1321a30

, cf. 1271a10.

4 interpretation of dreams or portents, LXX Da.2.36, D.S. 17.116, J.AJ2.5.7.

II judgement of a court,

οὐδὲν ἂν τῆς ὑμετέρας κ. ἔδει Antipho 4.4.2

; trial, suit,

προκληθέντας ἐς κρίσιν περί τινος Th.1.34

; καθιστάναι ἑαυτὸν ἐς κ. ib. 131;

κρίσιν ποιεῖν τινι Lys. 13.35

; κρίσεως τυχεῖν to be put on one's trial, Pl.Phdr. 249a;

εἰς κ. ἄγειν Id.Lg. 856c

; ἡ κ. γίγνεταί τινι ibid.; κρίσιν ὑποσχεῖν ib. 871d, D.21.125;

τὰς κρίσεις ποιεῖσθαι περί τινος Isoc.4.40

, cf. Th.1.77;

τὰς κ. διαδικάζειν Pl.Lg. 876b

; κρίσιν λελογχότα Μειδίᾳ ἐξούλης Test. ap. D.21.82;

αἱ κ. τῶν συμβολαίων Plu.2.447e

.

b result of a trial, condemnation, X.An.1.6.5.

c ἡμέρα κρίσεως Day of Judgement, Ev.Matt.10.15.

2 trial of skill or strength, πρὸς τόξου κρίσιν in archery, S.Tr. 266;

δρόμον.., οὗ πρώτη κ. Id.El. 684

;

κ. ποιεῖν ὁπότερος εἴη τὴν τέχνην σοφώτερος Ar.Ra. 779

;

θεῶν ἔριν τε καὶ κ. Pl. R. 379e

.

3 dispute,

περί τινος Hdt.5.5

, 7.26.

III event, issue, κρίσιν σχεῖν to be decided, of a war, Th.1.23, Plb.31.29.5;

κρίσεως τυχεῖν Id.1.59.11

;

ἐν τοῖς πεπολιτευμένοις τὴν κ. εἶναι νομίζω 1

suppose the issue depends upon my public measures, D.18.57.

2 turning point of a disease, sudden change for better or worse, Hp. VM19 (pl.), Gal.9.550, etc.;

κ. ξύντομος ἐπὶ τὸ κάκιον Hp.Judic.34

, cf. Gal.18(2).231.

IV middle of the spinal column, Poll.2.177.

κρίσις, ἡ, die Schichtung, Trennung, Scheidung; bes. (a) Streit; (b) Auswahl, in Athen bes. Ratsherrenwahl; (c) das Richten, Entscheiden, die Entscheidung; δρόμου, οὗ πρώτη κρίσις, die erste Entscheidung der Kampfrichter. Bes. richterliche Entscheidung, Urteilsspruch; προκληϑέντες ἐς κρίσιν, vor Gericht gerufen; auch = Anklage; Verurteilung. Entscheidung der Schlacht; τὸ Μηδικὸν δυεῖν ναυμαχίαιν καὶ πεζομαχίαιν ταχεῖαν τὴν κρίσιν ἔσχε, wurde durch zwei See- u. Landschlachten entschieden. Bes. auch bei den Medic. der Ausschlag der Krankheit, wenn sie sich zum Guten oder zum Schlimmen entscheidet, die Krise

     κρίσις

    - εως, ион. ιος (ρῐ) ἥ (ион. dat. κρίσι)

    1) разделение, различение

    

(τῶν διαφερόντων Arst.)

    2) суждение, мнение

    

(ἐπαινέειν τέν κρίσιν τινός Her.; κ. οὐκ ἔστιν ἀληθής Soph.)

    3) суд, решение, приговор

    

ἐν θεῶν κρίσει Aesch. — по приговору (т.е. повелению) богов;

    4) суд, судебное разбирательство

    

τῷ πλήθει μεταδιδόναι τῆς κρίσεως Plat. — дать народу право участия в судебном разбирательстве;

    5) состязание, спор

    

(τῶν μνηστήρων Her.)

    6) спор, тяжба

    

(θεῶν ἔρις τε καὴ κ. Plat.; ψευοομαρτυριῶν κρίσεις Arst.)

    7) выбор, избрание

    

(τῶν ἀξίων Arst.)

    8) исход, окончание:

    

(τὸ Μηδικὸν ἔργον) δυοῖν ναυμαχίαιν καὴ πεζομαχίαιν ταχεῖαν τέν κρίσιν ἔσχεν Thuc. исход (персидской) войны был быстро решен двумя морскими и двумя сухопутными сражениями; μάχη κρίσιν οὐ λαβοῦσα Plut. безрезультатное сражение

    9) (ис)толкование

    

(κρίσεις ἐνυπνίων Plut.)

    10) переломный момент, кризис

    

(αἱ τῶν νόσων κρίσεις Arst.)

κρίσῑς, κρίσις

separating: fem acc pl (epic doric ionic aeolic)

κρίσις

separating: fem nom sg

2920 κρίσις

▲ ключ.сл.

2920 κρίσις

▲ ключ.сл.

-εως ⁺ ἡ N 3 49-24-76-71-60=280 Gn 14,7; 18,19.25; 19,9; Ex 6,6

decision 2 Mc 14,18; judgement Gn 14,7; fair judgement, justice Is 1,17; inter-pretation Dn^LXX 2,36; suit,

cause, case Jer 5,28; condemnation Jer 33 (26),11; trial, dispute Ex 24,14; juridical pro-cedure Ex 15,25 *Is 63,1 κρίσιν judgement-ריב for MT רב great, see also Prv 28,2; *Prv 19,28 κρίσεις judgements-דין? for MT און iniquity

Cf. DOGNIEZ 1992, 53; DORIVAL 1994, 387; LE BOULLUEC 1989 43.112.179(Ex 15,25).196. 248-249;

MONSENGWO PASINYA 1973, 154-156; WEVERS 1990 240; 1993 257