ādoptiō

ădoptĭo, ōnis, f. [v. adoptatio], a taking or receiving of one in the place of a child (also of a grandchild, Dig. 1, 7, 10), an adopting, adoption (properly of one still under paternal authority, in patria potestate; on the contr., arrogatio referred to one who was already independent, homo sui juris. The former took place before the praetor or other magistrate and five witnesses, by a threefold mancipatio, i. e. sham sale;

the latter could only be effected before the assembled people in the comitia curiata,

Gell. 5, 19; Just. Inst. 1, 11; Dig. 1, 7. More used than adoptatio, q. v.):

emancipare filium alicui in adoptionem,

Cic. Fin. 1, 7:

dare se alicui in adoptionem,

Vell. 2, 8, 2; Suet. Tib. 2; cf. Liv. 45, 40:

adscire aliquem per adoptionem,

Tac. A. 1, 3;

or, in adoptionem,

id. H. 2, 1:

inserere aliquem familiae per adoptionem,

Suet. Claud. 39 fin.:

adscitus adoptione in imperium et cognomentum,

Tac. A. 11, 11:

adoptio in Domitium festinatur,

id. ib. 12, 25:

adoptionem nuncupare,

to make known, to announce, id. H. 1, 17: adoptio consularis, performed by a consul, Quint. prooem. 6, 13 Spald. al.—

Transf., of plants, the ingrafting, Plin. prooem. 1, 16.—Of bees, the admittance to or reception in a new hive:

ut tamquam novae prolis adoptione domicilia confirmentur,

Col. 9, 13, 9.—In eccl. Lat., in spiritual sense of adoption as children of God:

adoptionem filiorum Dei,

Vulg. Rom. 8, 23; ib. Gal. 4, 5; ib. Ephes. 1, 5.

* * *

* * *

ăd-opto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to take to one's self by wish, choice (optando); to choose, select.

In gen.:

sociam te mihi adopto ad meam salutem,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 78:

qui manstutorem me adoptavit bonis,

who has chosen me as a guardian of his property, id. Truc. 4, 4, 6:

quem sibi illa (provincia) defensorem sui juris adoptavit,

Cic. Div. in Caecin. 16 fin.: eum sibi patronum, id ib. 20, 64: quem potius adoptem aut invocem, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 9: Frater, Pater, adde; Ut cuique est aetas, ita quemque facetus adopta (i. e. adscisce, adjunge, sc. tuo alloquio, Cruqu.), make him by thy greeting a father, brother, etc., i. e. call him, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 55:

Etruscas Turnus adoptat opes,

strives after, Ov. F. 4, 880.—Hence: adoptare se alicui, to give or attach one's self to:

qui se potentiae causā Caesaris libertis adoptāsset,

Plin. 12, 1, 5, § 12.—

Esp. as t. t., to take one in the place of a child or grandchild, to adopt (diff. from arrogo; v. adoptio).

Lit., constr. with aliquem, also with ab aliquo aliquem (from the real father, a patre naturali), Plaut. Poen. prol. 74 (cf. id. ib. 4, 2, 82):

adoptat illum puerum subreptitium sibi filium,

id. Men. prol. 60:

filium senatorem populum Romanum sibi velle adoptare,

Cic. Dom. 14:

adoptatus patricius a plebeio,

id. Att. 7, 7:

is qui hunc minorem Scipionem a Paulo adoptavit,

id. Brut. 19, 77:

adoptavit eum heredemque fecit ex dodrante,

Nep. Att. 5, 2:

adoptatus testamento,

Suet. Tib. 6: adoptari a se Pisonem pronuntiat, Tac. H. 1, 18:

Pisonem pro contione adoptavit,

Suet. Galb. 17:

quem illa adoptavit,

Vulg. Exod. 2, 10.—With in and acc.:

in regnum,

Sall. J. 22, 3:

in familiam nomenque,

Suet. Caes. 83:

in successionem,

Just. 9, 2.—

Fig.:

servi in bona libertatis nostrae adoptantur,

are, as it were, adopted into freedom, are made participants of freedom, Flor. 3, 20;

and of ingrafting (cf. adoptivus): venerit insitio: fac ramum ramus adoptet,

Ov. R. Am. 195; so Col. 10, 38. Those who were adopted commonly received the family name of the adoptive father, with the ending -anus, e. g. Aemilianus, Pomponianus, etc.—Hence Cic. says ironic. of one who appropriated to himself the name of another:

ipse se adoptat: et C. Stalenus, qui se ipse adoptaverat et de Staleno Aelium fecerat,

had changed himself from a Stalenus to an Ælius, Brut. 68, 241; and Vitruv.: Zoilus qui adoptavit cognomen, ut Homeromastix vocitaretur, had himself called, 7, 8. So:

ergo aliquod gratum Musis tibi nomen adopta,

Mart. 6, 31; in Pliny, very often, adoptare aliquid (also with the addition of nomine suo or in nomen), to give a thing its name: Baetis Oceanum Atlanticum, provinciam adoptans, petit, while it gives to the province the name (Baetica). Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 9:

A Zmyrna Hermus campos facit et nomini suo adoptat,

id. 5, 29, 31, § 119;

so 25, 3, 7, § 22: in nomen,

id. 37, 3, 12, § 50; so also Statius, Theb. 7, 259.

consŭlāris, e, adj. [consul], of or pertaining to a consul, consular (very freq.): aetas, the age required by law for the consular office, viz. the 43d year, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 48; cf.

annus, II.: comitia,

for the choice of consul, id. Mur. 26, 53; id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

officium,

id. Rab. Perd. 1, 2; cf.

imperium,

id. Pis. 16, 38; Sall. C. 55, 6:

fasces,

Liv. 2, 54, 4:

lictor,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 9:

insignia,

Vell. 2, 58, 3; Tac. A. 13, 10; id. H. 4, 4:

ornamenta,

Suet. Caes. 76:

exercitus,

Liv. 3, 29, 2; 10, 25, 16; cf.

arma,

Vell. 2, 68: femina, of a consul, Suet. Aug. 69; cf. Dig. 1, 9, 1 res, worthy of a consul, Liv. 4, 8, 4; so,

ortio,

id. 34, 6, 2; and cf. infra, adv.:

vinum,

named after the consul during whose administration it was made, Mart. 7, 79.—

Esp.: homo consularis,

a man of consular rank, one who has been consul, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 118; 2, 3, 79, § 184; id. Phil. 11, 2, 5; ib. Rab. Post. 10, 27; so,

vir consularis,

id. Sest. 21, 48; id. Cat. 4, 2, 3.—And,

Subst.: consŭlāris, is, m.

One who has been consul, an ex-consul, or one of consular rank:

egregios consules habemus, sed turpissimos consulares,

Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 1; id. Phil. 8, 4, 14; Sall. C. 53, 1; Nep. Hann. 12, 1 al.—

In the time of the empire, a legate sent by the emperor as governor into a province, Tac. Agr. 8 and 14; Suet. Aug. 33; 47; id. Tib. 41; 63 al.—Hence, adj.:

consularis adoptio,

Quint. 6. prooem. § 13 Spald.—

* Adv.: consŭlārĭter, in a manner worthy of a consul:

consulariter acta vita,

Liv. 4, 10, 9.

festīno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [cf. Gr. theinô; Lat. -fendo in defendo, offendo, -festus in manifestus, etc., and fustis, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 190; Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 255].

Neutr., to hasten, make haste, hurry, be quick (class.; not in Caes.; syn.: propero, celero, maturo): aliud est properare, aliud festinare. Qui unum quid mature transigit, is properat: qui multa simul incipit neque perficit, is festinat, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 14, 2; id. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. properare, p. 235 Müll.; ap. Non. 441, 22:

propemodum quid illic festinet sentio,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 14:

aput nos eccillam festinat cum sorore uxor tua,

id. Stich. 4, 1, 30:

quid festinas?

Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 8; cf.:

quamquam festinas, non est mora longa,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 35; Sall. Fragm. ap. Don. Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 8:

ibi,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 3, 4:

plura scripsissem, nisi tui festinarent,

Cic. Fam. 12, 22, 4; cf. id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:

solent nautae festinare quaestus sui causa,

id. Fam. 16, 9, 4:

esseda festinant, pilenta, petorrita, naves,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 192:

in provinciam festinare,

Quint. 6, 3, 39:

ad portas,

Sall. J. 69, 2; cf.:

ad singulare Antonii factum festinat oratio,

Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 3:

ad probationem,

Quint. 4, 3, 8; cf. id. 4, 5, 10:

quis te festinare jubet?

Juv. 14, 212.—Prov.: festina lente (speude bradeôs), Suet. Aug. 25.

Transf., as v. a., to make haste with a thing, to hasten, hurry, accelerate, do speedily.

With an object-clause (class.):

ut migrare tanto opere festines,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23 fin.:

ne festinaret abire,

Sall. J. 64, 4:

ultum ire injurias,

id. ib. 68, 1:

finem imponere,

Quint. 9, 4, 146:

sequi,

Curt. 6, 6, 25:

componere lites,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 12:

quae laedunt oculum, festinas demere,

id. ib. 1, 2, 38:

terris advertere proram,

Verg. G. 4, 117:

aram congerere arboribus,

id. A. 6, 177; cf.:

callidus id modo festinabat, Bocchi pacem imminuere, ne, etc.,

Sall. J. 81 fin.:

universis prodesse festinet,

Inscr. Orell. 775.—

With acc. (not in Cic.): festivum festinant diem, hasten to celebrate, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 9, 401 (Trag. v. 434 ed. Vahl.):

ni id festinaret,

Sall. J. 77, 1:

ad bellum cuncta,

id. ib. 73, 1: soleas festinate (sc. dare), id. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 12, 425:

festinare fugam,

Verg. A. 4, 575:

vias,

Stat. Th. 2, 478:

poenas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 61:

pyram,

Sil. 8, 52:

vestes,

Stat. S. 2, 1, 128:

caedes, patibula, ignes, cruces,

Tac. A. 14, 33:

mortem in se,

to bring on speedily, id. ib. 4, 28:

pyram,

prepares in haste, Sil. 8, 52.—In pass.:

quod animo cupienti nihil satis festinatur,

Sall. J. 64 fin.:

ea cuncta per idoneos ministros festinabantur,

Tac. H. 2, 82:

cum belli civilis praemia festinarentur,

id. ib. 3, 37:

nec virgines festinantur,

are not married early, id. G. 20:

adoptio festinatur,

id. A. 12, 25; 6, 50; id. H. 3, 37.—In part. perf., hastened, accelerated:

festinata maturitas,

Quint. 6 praef. § 10;

iter,

Ov. P. 4, 5, 8:

missio,

Tac. A. 1, 52:

casus,

id. ib. 6, 44:

nuptiae,

Suet. Aug. 69:

honores,

i. e. obtained before the proper time, Luc. 8, 24; Plin. Pan. 69, 5:

festinatis annis raptus,

by an early death, Mart. 7, 40, 7; cf.:

festinatis lictorum manibus in carcerem raptus,

Tac. A. 6, 40:

mors domini gladiis tam festinata,

prematurely inflicted, Juv. 4, 96.—

With se, to make haste, Gell. 14, 2, 9.—Hence,

festīnans, antis, P. a., hasty, in haste:

ille properans, festinans, mandata vestra conficere cupiens,

Cic. Phil. 9, 3, 6:

haec festinans scripsi in itinere atque agmine,

id. Att. 6, 4 fin. —Adv.: festīnanter, hastily, speedily, quickly (class.):

improbe, turbide, festinanter, rapide omnia videtis esse suscepta, Cic. Scaur. § 37: nimium festinanter dictum,

id. Fin. 5, 26, 77.— Comp.:

compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,

Tac. A. 15, 3:

factum quid,

Gell. 10, 11, 8:

publicatum,

Suet. Aug. 29:

germinant,

Plin. 17, 11, 15, § 78.— Sup.:

festinantissime,

Aug. Ep. 250.—

festīnāto, adv., hastily, hurriedly (post-Aug.):

quam nihil praeparato, nihil festinato fecisse videtur Milo,

Quint. 4, 2, 58; Suet. Claud. 16; Vulg. Gen. 44, 11 al.

nātīvĭtas, ātis, f. [nativus], birth, nativity (post-class.; cf.

ortus): municipem aut nativitas aut adoptio facit,

Dig. 50, 1, 1:

janua nativitatis,

Tert. Anim. 39:

vultum nativitatis,

natural face, Vulg. Jacob. 1, 23. —

Plur., Tert. Spect. 30.—

A generation:

usque ad quartam nativitatem,

Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 27 fin.

nuncŭpo, āvi, ātum, 1 (nuncupassit for nuncupaverit; v. in the foll.), v. a. [nomencapio], to call by name, to call, name (mostly ante-class. and post-Aug.;

esp. in jurid. lang.: quem cultrix nomine nostro nuncupat,

Ov. F. 1, 246; cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 153; Quint. 8, 3, 27 Spald. N. cr.; cf.: designo, declaro, dico): nuncupare nominare valere apparet in legibus, ubi nuncupatae pecuniae sunt scriptae;

item in choro, in quo est: Aenea! Quis est qui meum nomen nuncupat? Item in Medio: Quis tu es mulier, quae me insueto nuncupāsti nomine?

Varr. L. L. 6, § 60 Müll.: CVM NEXVM FACIET MANCIPIVMQVE VTI LINGVA NVNCVPASSIT ITA IVS ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 173 Müll.; cf. Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65; cf. also id. de Or. 1, 57, 245: nuncupata pecunia est nominata, certa (nomine certa?), nominibus propriis pronuntiata, Paul. ex Fest. p. 173 Müll.:

tum illud, quod erat a deo donatum, nomine ipsius dei nuncupabant,

Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60; cf. id. ib. 2, 28, 71:

res utiles deorum vocabulis,

id. ib. 1, 15, 38; Plin. 4, 12, 27, § 91:

Pompeii M. titulos omnes triumphosque hoc in loco nuncupari,

id. 7, 26, 27, § 95:

aliquam reginam,

Just. 24, 2, 9:

aliquem Caesarem,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 23, 2:

Indigetem,

Ov. M. 14, 608.— Poet.: alicujus fidem, to invoke, Pac. ap. Non. 90, 11 (Trag. Rel. p. 78, v 141 Rib.).—

In partic.

Nuncupare heredem, to name publicly before witnesses as one's heir:

heredes palam, ita ut exaudiri possint nuncupandi sunt,

Dig. 28, 1, 21:

voce nuncupatus heres,

Just. 12, 15 fin.; Dig. 37, 11, 8: nuncupatum testamentum, a testament drawn up in the presence of witnesses, in which the testator names his heirs, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 5.—

In gen., to constitute or appoint as one's heir, Suet. Claud. 4; id. Calig. 38:

nec quia offendit alius, nuncuparis, sed quia ipse meruisti,

Plin. Pan. 43.—

To announce publicly, proclaim formally:

consultatum pro rostris an in senatu an in castris adoptio nuncuparetur,

Tac. H. 1, 17.—

To pronounce vows publicly, to offer vows, to vow: vota nuncupata dicuntur, quae consules, praetores cum in provinciam proficiscuntur faciunt: ea in tabulas praesentibus multis referuntur. At Santra L. II. de verborum antiquitate satis multis nuncupata colligit non directo nominata significare, sed promissa et quasi testificata, circumscripta, recepta, quod etiam in votis nuncupandis esse convenientius, Paul. ex Fest. p. 173 Müll.; Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11; Liv. 21, 63:

cum consul more majorum secundum vota in Capitolio nuncupata, cum lictoribus paludatus profectus ab urbe esset,

id. 41, 10:

solvere vota nuncupata pro incolumitate exercitus,

Val. Max. 1, 1 fin.

sĕnīlis, e, adj. [senex], of or belonging to old people, aged, senile (freq. and class.):

Tages puerili specie dicitur visus, sed senili fuisse prudentiā,

Cic. Div. 2, 23, 50; cf.

partes (opp. viriles),

Hor. A. P. 176:

senile aliquid (opp. adulescentis aliquid),

Cic. Sen. 11, 38:

corpus,

id. Sest. 22, 50:

artus,

Ov. M. 7, 250:

vultus,

id. ib. 8, 528:

genae,

id. ib. 8, 210:

guttur,

Hor. Epod. 3, 2:

ruga,

Ov. F. 5, 58:

statua incurva,

of an old man, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:

anni,

Ov. M. 7, 163; 13, 66; and poet.: hiems (as the last, latest season of the year), id. ib. 15, 212:

animus,

Liv. 10, 22:

stultitia,

Cic. Sen. 11, 36:

auctoritas morum,

Quint. 11, 1, 32:

artes,

Tac. A. 3, 8:

adoptio,

id. ib. 1, 7 fin.:

senile illud facinus,

that wicked old woman, App. M. 4, p. 148, 9.—

* Adv.: sĕnīlĭter, after the manner of an old person:

tremere,

Quint. 1, 11, 1.

sĕnīlis, e, adj. [senex], of or belonging to old people, aged, senile (freq. and class.):

Tages puerili specie dicitur visus, sed senili fuisse prudentiā,

Cic. Div. 2, 23, 50; cf.

partes (opp. viriles),

Hor. A. P. 176:

senile aliquid (opp. adulescentis aliquid),

Cic. Sen. 11, 38:

corpus,

id. Sest. 22, 50:

artus,

Ov. M. 7, 250:

vultus,

id. ib. 8, 528:

genae,

id. ib. 8, 210:

guttur,

Hor. Epod. 3, 2:

ruga,

Ov. F. 5, 58:

statua incurva,

of an old man, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:

anni,

Ov. M. 7, 163; 13, 66; and poet.: hiems (as the last, latest season of the year), id. ib. 15, 212:

animus,

Liv. 10, 22:

stultitia,

Cic. Sen. 11, 36:

auctoritas morum,

Quint. 11, 1, 32:

artes,

Tac. A. 3, 8:

adoptio,

id. ib. 1, 7 fin.:

senile illud facinus,

that wicked old woman, App. M. 4, p. 148, 9.—

* Adv.: sĕnīlĭter, after the manner of an old person:

tremere,

Quint. 1, 11, 1.

testāmentārĭus, a, um, adj. [id.], of or belonging to wills, testamentary.

Adj.:

(lex) Cornelia,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 108:

adoptio,

by will, Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 8:

hereditates,

Dig. 50, 16, 130.—

Subst.: testā-mentārĭus, ii, m.

Ingen., one who draws up a will: si testamentarius contra voluntatem testatoris condicionem detraxit. Dig. 28, 5, 9, §§ 3 and 6; 29, 6, 1; 36, 1, 3 fin. —

In a bad sense, one who forges a will, Cic. Sest. 17, 39; id. Off. 3, 18, 73.