(passage)

crypta, ae, f., = kruptê, a concealed, subterrunean passage, a vault, cavern, cave, grotto, pit, Varr. ap. Non. p. 169, 11; Suet. Calig. 58; Juv. 5, 106 al.—As a place of deposit, Vitr. 6, 8.—

Esp.: crypta Neapolitana, a dark grotto in the neighborhood of Naples, through which was a shorter passage to Puteoli, now Grotta di Napoli, Sen. Ep. 57, 1.

cursus, ūs, m. [id.], a running ( on foot, on a horse, chariot, ship, etc.), a course, way, march, passage, voyage, journey, etc. (very freq.).

Lit.

Of living beings:

ingressus, cursus, accubitio, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 94:

ibi cursu, luctando... sese exercebant,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 24; cf. id. Most. 1, 2, 73, and Hor. A. P. 412:

quique pedum cursu valet, etc.,

Verg. A. 5, 67:

cursu superare canem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 51:

milites cursu exanimati,

Caes. B. G. 2, 23:

huc magno cursu intenderunt,

at full speed, id. ib. 3, 19:

magno cursu concitatus,

id. B. C. 1, 70:

cursu incitatus,

id. ib. 1, 79; 3, 46; Auct. B. Alex. 20; cf.:

in cursu esse,

Cic. Att. 5, 16, 1; cf. II. fin. infra:

strictis gladiis cursu in hostem feruntur,

advance at a run, Liv. 9, 13, 2:

effuso cursu,

id. 2, 50, 6:

eo cursu proripere, ut, etc.,

id. 24, 26, 12; 31, 21, 6:

eo cursu, Auct. B. Alex 30: eodem cursu contendere,

right onward, Caes. B. C. 2, 35; cf. id. B. G. 6, 67: citato cursu. Just. 11, 15, 2:

cursus in Graeciam per tuam provinciam,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 10:

quis umquam tam brevi tempore tot loca adire, tantos cursus conficere potuit?

id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34:

(terrae) tuis non dicam cursibus, sed victoriis lustratae sunt,

id. ib. 2, 5:

agmen cursūs magis quam itineris modo ducit,

Curt. 5, 13, 5; 6, 1, 12; Just. 15, 3, 11; 11, 8, 2:

Miltiades cursum direxit, quo tendebat,

Nep. Milt. 1, 6; Vell. 2, 19, 4; 1, 4, 1:

Ulixi per mare,

Hor. C. 1, 6, 7:

iterare cursus relictos,

id. ib. 1, 34, 4:

Naxon, ait Liber, cursus advertite vestros,

Ov. M. 3, 636 et saep.; cf. B.: cursum per [p. 504] auras Derigere, Verg. A. 6, 194; so of flying, Ov. M. 2, 838; 4, 787 al.—

Cursum tenere (in a march or on shipboard), to hold one's course, to maintain a direct course:

equites cursum tenere atque insulam capere non potuerant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 26 fin.:

Dionysius cum secundissimo vento cursum teneret,

Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83; Caes. B. G. 5, 8; cf. 2. b. —

Of inanimate objects:

solis cursus lunaeque meatus Expediam,

Lucr. 5, 77; cf. id. 5, 772 al.:

lunae,

id. 5, 629; cf. id. 5, 630:

stellarum,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

neque clara suo percurrere fulmina cursu Perpetuo possint,

Lucr. 1, 1003:

si lacus emissus lapsu et cursu suo ad mare profluxisset,

Cic. Div. 1, 44, 100; so of the course or flow of a stream, Ov. M. 1, 282; 9, 18; Plin. 5, 24, 20, § 85:

longarum navium,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8; cf. Cic. Mur. 15, 33; id. Off. 3, 12, 50 al.:

Aquilonis et Austri,

Lucr. 5, 688; cf. id. 6, 302:

menstrui,

Plin. 11, 39, 94, § 230:

quadripertiti venarum,

id. 16, 39, 76, § 195 et saep.—

Cursum tenere, as supra, 1. b.:

tanta tempestas subito coorta est, ut nulla earum (navium) cursum tenere posset,

Caes. B. G. 4, 28.—

Meton.

Cursum exspectare, to wait for a fair wind (lit. for a passage), Cic. Att. 5, 8, 1.—

(Abstr. pro concr.) Cursus publici, in the time of the emperors, posts or relays divided into stations, for the speedy transmission of information upon state affairs, Cod. Just. 12, 51; Cod. Th. 8, 5; Inscr. Orell. 3181; 3329; cf.

. equi publici,

Amm. 14, 6, 16:

vehicula publica,

id. 21, 13, 7:

cursus vehicularius,

Capitol. Ant. P. 12, 3:

vehicularis,

Dig. 50, 4, 18, § 4:

cursus fiscalis,

Spart. Had. 7; v. Suet. Aug. 49.—

Trop. (freq. in Cic. and Quint.), a course, progress, direction, way:

qui cursus rerum, qui exitus futurus sit,

Cic. Fam. 4, 2, 3; cf. Tac. H. 4, 34; id. Agr. 39:

implicari aliquo certo genere cursuque vivendi,

Cic. Off. 1, 32, 117:

vitae brevis cursus, gloriae sempiternus,

id. Sest. 21, 47:

reliquus vitae cursus,

id. Phil. 2, 19, 47:

totius vitae cursum videre,

id. Off. 1, 4, 11:

omnem vitae suae cursum conficere,

id. Cael. 17, 39:

in omni vitae cursu optimum visum est, ut, etc.,

Macr. S. 1, 2, 3:

temporum,

Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 2:

tuorum honorum,

id. ib. 3, 11, 2; cf. Tac. H. 1, 48:

continuus proeliorum,

id. Agr. 27 al.:

cursus vocis per omnis sonos,

Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 227:

cursus verborum,

id. ib. 1, 35, 161; so of the motion or flow of discourse, etc., id. Part. Or. 15, 52; Quint. 8, prooem. § 27;

9, 4, 70: cursus hic et sonus rotundae volubilisque sententiae,

Gell. 11, 13, 4:

quem enim cursum industria mea tenere potuisset sine forensibus causis, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 11; cf. id. Or. 1, 4:

nos in eodem cursu fuimus a Sullā dictatore ad eosdem fere consules,

id. Brut. 96, 328; so,

esse in cursu,

to go on, continue, Ov. M. 13, 508; id. F. 6, 362.

fŏrus, i, m. (also fŏrum, i, n., and fŏri, ōrum, m.) [kindred with forum, foras, foris, from fero; what leads out of doors; hence], a gangway in a ship.

Lit.: multa foro ponit et agea longa repletur, Enn. ap. Isid. Orig. 19, 2: illum nautis forum, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 206, 17: cum alii malos scandant, alii per foros cursent, Cic. de Sen. 6, 17:

(Charon), laxat foros,

Verg. A. 6, 412.— Neutr. form: fora, Cn. Gell. ap. Charis. p. 55 P.—

Transf.

A row of seats in the Circus:

loca divisa patribus equitibusque, ubi spectacula sibi quisque facerent: fori appellati,

Liv. 1, 35, 8:

foros in Circo faciendos,

id. 1, 56, 2; 45, 1, 7; cf. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. forum, p. 84 Müll. (v. the passage under forum init. —

A passage, alley or walk around a bed in a garden:

angustosque foros adverso limite ducens,

Col. 10, 92.—

A cell of bees:

complebuntque foros et floribus horrea texent,

Verg. G. 4, 250.—

A gaming-board, dice-board: forum aleatorium calfecimus, August. ap. Suet. Aug. 71.

fŏrus, i, for forum, v. 1. forum init.

fundāmentum, i, n. [id.], a foundation, ground-work, basis (class.; mostly in plur.; cf. basis).

Lit.

Sing. (rare):

quin cum fundamento (aedes) Perierint,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 69:

substruere fundamentum,

id. ib. 1, 2, 40.—

Plur.:

operum fastigia spectantur, latent fundamenta, Quint. prooem. § 4: agere fundamenta,

Cic. Mil. 27, 75:

maximorum operum,

id. Marc. 8, 25:

prima urbi jacere,

Liv. 1, 12, 4 (cf. under II. b the passage from Cic. Fl. 2, 4):

novae domus jacere,

Suet. Calig. 22; cf. id. Aug. 28:

alta theatri locare,

Verg. A. 1, 428:

altae Carthaginis locare,

id. ib. 4, 266; Plin. 36, 14, 21, § 95:

fodere delubro,

id. 28, 2, 4, § 15:

subdere per solidum,

Tac. A. 4, 62:

urbis quatit Neptunus,

Verg. A. 2, 611:

saxa turris, quibus fundamenta continebantur, convellunt,

Caes. B. C. 2, 11, 3:

villa a fundamentis inchoata,

Suet. Caes. 46:

Albam a fundamentis proruere,

utterly, Liv. 26, 13, 16:

urbs a fundamentis diruta,

id. 42, 63, 11; 42, 67, 9.—

Transf., the bottom, = fundus:

qui a fundamento mihi usque movisti mare,

id. ib. 2, 6, 55.—

Trop. (syn.: sedes, initium).

Sing.:

meo judicio pietas fundamentum est omnium virtutum,

Cic. Planc. 12, 29; cf.:

fundamentum justitiae est fides,

id. Off. 1, 7, 23:

narratio est quaedam quasi sedes et fundamentum constituendae fidei,

id. Part. 9, 31:

eloquentiae,

id. de Or. 3, 37, 151:

philosophiae,

id. Div. 2, 1, 2:

initium ac fundamentum defensionis,

id. Clu. 10, 30:

horum criminum,

id. Cael. 13, 30:

quod fundamentum hujus quaestionis est, id videtis,

id. N. D. 1, 17, 44:

disciplina nixa fundamento veritatis,

Gell. 14, 1, 20:

fundamentum et causa imperii,

Sen. Ep. 87, 41:

caput et fundamentum intellegitur totius testamenti heredis institutio,

Gai. Inst. 2, 229.—

Piur.:

illic radices, illic fundamenta sunt,

Quint. 10, 3, 3:

quibus initiis ac fundamentis hae tantae summis in rebus laudes excitatae sunt,

Cic. Sest. 2, 5:

libertatis,

id. Balb. 13, 31:

virtutum,

id. Fin. 2, 22, 72; cf.:

consulatus tui,

id. Pis. 4, 9:

senectus, quae fundamentis adolescentiae constituta est,

id. de Sen. 18, 62:

ad evertenda fundamenta rei publicae,

id. Cat. 4, 6, 13:

actionum,

id. Phil. 4, 1, 1:

jacere pacis fundamenta,

id. ib. 1, 1, 1;

so with jacio: rei publicae,

id. Fam. 12, 25, 2:

civitatis,

id. N. D. 3, 2, 5; id. Ac. 2, 12, 37; id. Sull. 10, 30; Curt. 5, 1, 29; Lact. 7, 1, 1:

defensionis,

Cic. Mur. 6, 14:

salutis suae,

id. Fam. 10, 29:

non praeterit me quam magnarum rerum fundamenta ponam senex,

Sen. Q. N. 3 praef. 1:

vitae,

id. Ep. 13, 16:

impudentiae, Quint 12, 6, 2: futuri oratoris,

id. ib. 1, 4, 5; for which also with the dat. (cf. supra I. the passage from Liv. 1, 12, 4):

cui causae,

Cic. Fl. 2, 4:

verecundiae,

id. Rep. 4, 4 Mos.:

imperii,

Plin. 15, 18, 20, § 78.

ĭter, ĭtĭnĕris (archaic forms: nom. ĭtĭner, Enn. Pac. Att. Varr. ap. Non. 482, 20; Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 72; Lucr. 6, 339; Mart. Cap. 9, § 897.— Gen. iteris, Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 695 P.; id. ap. Non. 485, 3; Jul. Hyg. ap. Charis. p. 108 P.; also, iteneris, Lex Agr., C. I. L. 1, 200, 26.— Abl. itere, Att. and Varr. ap. Non. 485, 8; Lucr. 5, 653), n. [for itiner, from īre, ĭtum], a going, a walk, way.

Lit.

In gen.:

dicam in itinere,

on the way, as we go along, Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 34:

hoc ipsa in itinere dum narrat,

id. Heaut. 2, 3, 30:

huc quia habebas iter,

Plaut. As. 2, 3, 6:

iter illi saepius in forum,

Plin. Pan. 77:

in diversum iter equi concitati,

Liv. 1, 28. — Hence,

In partic.

A going to a distant place, a journey; and of an army, a march:

cum illi iter instaret et subitum et longum,

Cic. Att. 13, 23, 1; 3, 2 init.:

ut in itinere copia frumenti suppeteret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

qui eo itineris causa convenerant,

id. ib. 7, 55:

sine ullo maleficio iter per provinciam facere,

id. ib. 1, 7:

in ipso itinere confligere,

Liv. 29, 36, 4; Nep. Eum. 8, 1; Hirt. B. G. 8, 27, 5; Just. 11, 15, 4:

Catilina ex itinere plerisque consularibus litteras mittit,

Sall. C. 34, 2:

committere se itineri,

Cic. Phil. 12, 10:

ingredi pedibus,

id. de Sen. 10:

conficere pulverulentā viā,

id. Att. 5, 14:

iter mihi est Lanuvium,

id. Mil. 10:

iter habere Capuam,

id. Att. 8, 11:

facere in Apuliam,

id. ib.:

agere,

Dig. 47, 5, 6; Salv. Gub. Dei, 1, 9: contendere iter, to hasten one ' s journey, Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97; so,

intendere,

Liv. 21, 29:

maturare,

Caes. B. C. 1, 63:

properare,

Tac. H. 3, 40:

conficere,

Cic. Att. 5, 14, 1; 4, 14, 2; id. Vatin. 5, 12:

constituere,

to determine upon, id. Att. 3, 1 init.:

urgere,

Ov. F. 6, 520: convertere in aliquem locum, to direct one ' s journey to a certain place, Caes. B. G. 7, 56: dirigere ad Mutinam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 11:

agere in aliquam partem,

Ov. M. 2, 715: flectere, to change one ' s course, Verg. A. 7, 35:

convertere,

to direct, Cic. Att. 3, 3:

facere,

id. ib. 8, 11, C; Nep. Pel. 2, 5; Suet. Ner. 30 fin.; id. Aug. 64:

comparare,

to prepare for a journey, Nep. Alc. 10; Claud. Eutr. 2, 97:

supprimere,

to stop, break off, Caes. B. C. 1, 66:

retro vertere,

Liv. 28, 3:

ferre per medium mare,

Verg. A. 7, 810:

ferre Inachias urbes,

Stat. Th. 1, 326:

continuare die ac nocte,

to march day and night, Caes. B. C. 3, 36:

desistere itinere,

id. B. G. 5, 11:

coeptum dimittere,

Ov. M. 2, 598:

frangere,

Stat. Th. 12, 232:

impedire,

Ov. H. 21, 74:

instituere,

Hor. C. 3, 27, 5:

peragere,

Verg. A. 6, 381; Hor. S. 2, 6, 99; Ov. F. 1, 188:

rumpere,

Hor. C. 3, 27, 5:

itinere prohibere aliquem,

Caes. B. G. 1, 9:

ex itinere redire,

Cic. Att. 15, 24; Suet. Tit. 5:

revertere,

Cic. Div. 1, 15, 26:

Boii ex itinere nostros adgressi,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25, 6:

tutum alicui praestare,

Cic. Planc. 41.—

Iter terrestre, iter pedestre, a journey by land, a land route (not ante-Aug.):

iter terrestre facturus,

Just. 12, 10, 7:

inde terrestri itinere frumentum advehere,

Tac. H. 4, 35:

terrestri itinere ducere legiones,

Liv. 30, 36, 3; 44, 1, 4; Curt. 9, 10, 2:

pedestri itinere confecto,

Suet. Claud. 17:

pedestri itinere Romam pervenire,

Liv. 36, 21, 6; 37, 45, 2; Amm. 31, 11, 6.—

A journey, a march, considered as a measure of distance: cum abessem ab Amano iter unius diei, a day ' s journey, Cic. Fam. 15, 4:

cum dierum iter quadraginta processerit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 24: quam maximis itineribus potest in Galliam contendit, by making each day ' s journey as long as possible, i. e. forced marches, id. ib. 1, 7:

magnis diurnis nocturnisque itineribus contendere,

id. ib. 1, 38:

itinera multo majora fugiens quam ego sequens,

making greater marches in his flight, Brut. ad Cic. Fam. 11, 13.— Hence, justum iter diei, a day's march of a proper length:

confecto justo itinere ejus diei,

Caes. B. C. 3, 76. —

The place in which one goes, travels, etc., a way, passage, path, road: qua ibant ab itu iter appellarant, Varr. L. L. 5, § 35 Müll.; cf.

5, § 22: itineribus deviis proticisci in provinciam,

Cic. Att. 14, 10:

erant omnino itinera duo, quibus itineribus domo exire possent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6:

pedestria itinera concisa aestuariis,

id. ib. 3, 9:

patefacere alicui iter in aliquem locum,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 11:

in diversum iter equi concitati,

Liv. 1, 28:

ut deviis itineribus milites duceret,

Nep. Eum. 3, 5:

itinere devio per ignorantiam locorum retardati,

Suet. Galb. 20:

exercitum per insidiosa itinera ducere,

id. Caes. 58:

qua rectum iter in Persidem ducebat,

Curt. 13, 11, 19:

ferro aperire,

Sall. C. 58, 7:

fodiendo, substruendo iter facere,

Dig. 8, 1, 10.— Of the corridors in houses, Vitr. 6, 9.—Of any passage:

iter urinae,

the urethra, Cels. 7, 25:

iter vocis,

Verg. A. 7, 534:

itinera aquae,

Col. 8, 17: carpere iter, to pursue a journey:

Rubos fessi pervenimus utpote longum carpentes iter,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 95:

non utile carpis iter,

Ov. M. 2, 550: alicui iter claudere, to block one ' s way, close the way for him:

ne suus hoc illis clauserit auctor iter,

Ov. P. 1, 1, 6; id. F. 1, 272; id. M. 14, 793: iter ingredi, to enter on a way or road, Suet. Caes. 31:

iter patefacere,

to open a way, Caes. B. G. 3, 1.—

A privilege or legal right of going to a place, the right of way:

aquaeductus, haustus, iter, actus a patre sumitur,

Cic. Caecin. 26, 74:

negat se posse iter ulli per provinciam dare,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8, 3; cf. Dig. 8, 3, 1, § 1; 8, 3, 7; 12.—

Trop., a way, course, custom, method of a person or thing:

patiamur illum ire nostris itineribus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3:

verum iter gloriae,

id. Phil. 1, 14, 33:

videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire,

id. N. D. 2, 13, 35:

iter amoris nostri et officii mei,

id. Att. 4, 2, 1:

salutis,

Verg. A. 2, 387:

fecit iter sceleri,

Ov. M. 15, 106:

labi per iter declive senectae,

id. ib. 15, 227:

vitae diversum iter ingredi,

Juv. 7, 172:

duo itinera audendi,

Tac. H. 4, 49:

novis et exquisitis eloquentiae itineribus opus est,

id. Or. 19:

pronum ad honores,

Plin. Ep. 8, 10 fin.; cf.:

novum ad principatum,

id. Pan. 7, 1.

Jānus, i, m. [root i, ire, prop. a going, a going through, passage; cf. janua], an old Italian deity. He was represented with a face on the front and another on the back of his head, Ov. F. 1, 245;

hence, anceps,

id. M. 14, 334. The month of January, Mensis Jani, Ov. F. 2, 51, was sacred to him, as were all other beginnings. The myth makes him a king of Latium or Etruria, where he hospitably received Saturn when expelled by Jupiter from Crete, Macr. S. 1, 7, 8, 9. He had a small temple in the Forum, with two doors opposite to each other, which in time of war stood open and in time of peace were shut;

the temple was thrice closed on this account: in the time of Numa, after the first Punic war, and after the battle of Actium,

Ov. F. 1, 281. With reference to his temple, the deity was called Janus geminus, or Janus Quirinus, Macr. S. 1, 9; Suet. Aug. 22; for which, poet.:

Janus Quirini,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 9.—Joined with pater:

Januspater,

Gell. 5, 12, 5.—

Transf.

The temple of Janus:

Janum ad infimum Argiletum indicem pacis bellique fecit,

Liv. 1, 19; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 1.—

An arched passageway, covered passage, arcade:

janos tres faciendos locavit,

Liv. 41, 27; 2, 49; Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 67; Suet. Aug. 31.—

In partic., [p. 1013] Jani, four arched passages in the Roman Forum, where the merchants and moneychangers had their stand:

qui Puteal Janumque timet, celeresque Calendas,

Ov. R. Am. 561:

haec Janus summus ab imo Prodocet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:

postquam omnis res mea Janum Ad medium fracta est,

id. S. 2, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 2, 25, 90; id. Phil. 6, 5, 15 al.—

A year:

vive, vale et totidem venturos congere Janos, quot, etc.,

Aus. Ep. 20, 13.

lībertīnus, a, um, adj. [libertus], of or belonging to the condition of a freedman (opp. ingenuus, of the condition of a freeborn person; cf. in the foll. the passage Tac. A. 15, 57, and under II. A. the passage from Gai. Inst. 1, 10 and 11):

homo liber, qui se vendidit, manumissus non ad suum statum revertitur, quo se abdicavit, sed efficitur libertinae condicionis,

enters into the condition of a freedman, becomes a freedman, Dig. 1, 5, 21:

in classem mille socii navales cives Romani libertini ordinis scribi jussi,

Liv. 43, 12, 9; 42, 27, 3 (for which:

navales socii cives Romani, qui servitutem servissent,

id. 40, 18, 7); Suet. Gram. 18:

Atilius quidam libertini generis,

Tac. A. 4, 62; 2, 85; Suet. Aug. 44:

libertinus homo,

a freedman, Cic. Balb. 11, 28; id. Cat. 3, 6, 14; id. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 124; cf.:

mulieris libertinae sermo,

of a freedwoman, Liv. 39, 13, 2:

libertina mulier,

Tac. A. 15, 57; Suet. Calig. 16:

ut me libertino patre natum,

of a father who was a freedman, Hor. S. 1, 6, 6;

so,

id. ib. 45; 46; id. Ep. 1, 20, 20:

sunt etiam libertini optimates,

Cic. Sest. 45, 97:

miles,

Suet. Aug. 25:

plebs,

Plin. 14, 4, 5, § 48:

opes,

Mart. 5, 13, 6:

homines libertini ordinis,

Gell. 5, 19, 12.—Hence,

Subst.

lībertīnus, i, m., a freedman (in reference to his status in society or the state;

whereas a freedman was called libertus in reference to the manumitter): qui servus est, si manumittatur, fit libertinus,

Quint. 5, 10, 60; cf.:

servus cum manumittitur, libertinus: addictus recepta libertate ingenuus,

id. 7, 3, 27:

liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini. Ingenui sunt, qui liberi nati sunt: libertini sunt, qui ex justa servitute manumissi sunt,

Gai. Inst. 1, §§ 10 and 11; Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 10:

sed ita pars libertinorumst, nisi patrono qui advorsatust, ni illi offecit, etc.,

id. Pers. 5, 2, 57:

Ti. Gracchus libertinos in urbanas tribus transtulit,

Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 38; id. Phil. 3, 6 fin.:

libertini centuriati,

Liv. 10, 21, 4:

libertinis detrahenda est auctoritas,

Quint. 11, 1, 88:

neminem libertinorum adhibitum ab eo cenae,

Suet. Aug. 74:

primus omnium libertinorum scribere' historiam orsus,

id. Rhet. 3:

quae deberetur cuidam libertino, clienti tuo,

id. Caes. 2; cf. id. Claud. 26; Hor. S. 2, 3, 281:

unde Mundior exiret vix libertinus honeste,

id. ib. 2, 7, 12:

libertinis nullo jure uti praetextis licebat,

Macr. S. 1, 6, 13.—

Transf., the son of a freedman, opp. libertus, the freedman himself (only acc. to a statement of Suetonius and of Isidore; v. the foll.):

ignarus, temporibus Appii et deinceps aliquandiu libertinos dictos non ipsos, qui manumitterentur, sed ingenuos ex his procreatos,

Suet. Claud. 24:

libertorum filii apud antiquos libertini appellabantur, quasi de libertis nati. Nunc vero libertinus aut a liberto factus aut possessus,

Isid. Orig. 9, 4, 47: libertinos ab ingenuis adoptari jure posse, Mas. Sab. ap. Gell. 5, 19, 11.—

lībertīna, ae, f., a freedwoman, Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 16:

ingenuamne an libertinam?

id. ib. 3, 1, 189:

amore libertinae perinfamis,

Suet. Vit. 2:

aulica,

id. Oth. 2; Gai. Inst. 3, § 51:

tutior merx est Libertinarum,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 48:

Myrtale,

id. C. 1, 33, 15:

Phryne,

id. Epod. 14, 15:

libertinas ducere,

Ulp. Fragm. 13, 1:

libertinae quae longa veste uterentur,

Macr. S. 1, 6, 13.

lībertīnus, i, v. 1. libertinus, II. A.

lŏcus (old form stlocus, like stlis for lis, Quint. 1, 4, 16), i, m. ( lŏcum, i, n., Inscr. ap. Grut. 129, 14; plur. loci, single places; loca, places connected with each other, a region; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 666 sq., and v. infra), a place, spot.

Lit.

In gen.:

adsedistis in festivo loco,

i. e. the theatre, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 83:

locum sibi velle liberum praeberier, ubi nequam faciat clam,

id. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 3, 44; cf.

3, 2, 25: omnes copias in unum locum convenire,

Cic. Att. 8, 16, 2:

Galli qui ea loca incolerent,

Caes. B. G. 2, 4:

locorum situm naturam regionis nosse,

Liv. 22, 38:

Romae per omnes locos,

Sall. J. 32:

facere alicui locum in turba,

Ov. A. A. 2, 210:

ex loco superiore agere, of an orator speaking from the rostra, or of a judge pronouncing judgment: de loco superiore dicere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:

ex aequo loco, of one speaking in the Senate or conversing with another: et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habiti,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

ex inferiore loco,

to speak before a judge, id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: primus locus aedium, a dwelling on the ground-floor, Nep. praef. 6.— A post, position: loco movere, to drive from a place or post, Ter. Phorm. prol. 32; so,

loco deicere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 30:

loco cedere,

to give way, abandon one's post, retire, Sall. C. 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 15.—

In partic.

A place, seat, in the theatre, the circus, or the forum:

Servi ne obsideant, liberis ut sit locus,

room, seats, Plaut. Cas. prol. 23.—

Esp. the place assigned by the Senate to foreign ambassadors: locum ad spectandum dare,

Cic. Mur. 35, 73; 34, 72; so Liv. 30, 17. — Plur. loca, Liv. 34, 44, 5; Vell. 2, 32, 3; Suet. Claud. 21; id. Ner. 11; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 21.—But plur. loci, Tac. A. 15, 32.—

So of the lodging, quarters, place of abode assigned to foreign ambassadors for their residence:

locus inde lautiaque legatis praeberi jussa,

Liv. 28, 39, 19; 30, 17, 14; 42, 26, 5; Symm. Ep. 4, 56; Sid. Ep. 8, 12:

loca lautia,

App. M. 3, p. 140, 30.—

A piece or part of an estate:

stricte loquendo locus non est fundus sed pars aliqua fundi,

Dig. 50, 16, 60:

locus certus ex fundo possideri potest,

ib. 41, 2, 26.—

A place, spot, locality; a country region: hau longe abesse oportet homines hinc;

ita hic lepidust locus,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 35:

nunc hoc ubi abstrudam cogito solum locum,

id. Aul. 4, 6, 7:

non hoc ut oppido praeposui, sed ut loco,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10; Verg. A. 1, 530; Caes. B. G. 5, 12.— Poet. of the inhabitants of a place, a neighborhood:

numina vicinorum odit uterque locus,

Juv. 15, 37.—Of a place where a city once stood, a site:

locus Pherae,

Plin. 4, 5, 6, § 13:

locus Buprasium, Hyrmine,

id. ib.; cf. Ov. F. 2, 280.— Plur. rarely loci:

quos locos adiisti,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 86:

locos tenere,

Liv. 5, 35, 1:

occupare,

Sall. J. 18, 4; 76, 1; Lucr. 4, 509; Verg. A. 1, 306; 2, 28; Prop. 4 (5), 8, 22; Tac. A. 1, 61; 13, 36; Suet. Tib. 43.—Usually loca:

loca haec circiter,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 8:

venisse in illa loca,

Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 5; id. Fin. 5, 1, 2 sq.; Caes. B. G. 2, 4, 2; Lucr. 1, 373; 2, 146; Cat. 9, 7; 63, 3; Sall. J. 18, 11; 54, 3; Verg. G. 2, 140; id. A. 1, 51; 2, 495; Hor. C. 1, 22, 7; Tib. 4, 1, 97; Ov. M. 10, 29; Liv. 1, 1, 5; 1, 5, 2; 1, 6, 4 et saep.—

In war [p. 1075] or battle, a post, station (plur. loca):

tum loca sorte legunt,

Verg. A. 5, 132:

loca jussa tenere,

id. ib. 10, 238:

loca servare,

Amm. 25, 6, 14.—

Loci and loca, of parts of the body:

loci nervosi,

Cels. 5, 26, 26.—Esp.:

muliebres,

Varr. L. L. 5, 2, 15; and without adj., in females, the womb:

si ea lotio locos fovebit,

Cato, R. R. 157, 11:

cum in locis semen insederit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 51; Cels. 2, 8. —Of animals, Col. 6, 27, 10.—Of birds, Col. 8, 11, 8; Lucr. 14, 1246; Plin. 11, 37, 84, § 209; Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 17:

genitalia,

Col. 7, 7, 4; cf. id. 8, 7, 2; 8, 11, 8;

in males,

Lucr. 4, 1034; 4, 1045.—

Communis locus,

The place of the dead:

qui nunc abierunt hinc in communem locum,

Plaut. Cas. prol. 19.—

A public place:

Sthenius... qui oppidum non maximum maximis ex pecunia sua locis communibus monumentisque decoravit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 112.—

A burial-place, grave; very freq. in epitaphs; v. Inscr. Orell. 8; 4499; 4500 sq.

Trop.

A topic of discussion or thought; a matter, subject, point, head or division of a subject.

In gen.:

cum fundamentum esset philosophiae positum in finibus bonorum, perpurgatus est is locus a nobis quinque libris,

Cic. Div. 2, 1, 2:

Theophrastus cum tractat locos ab Aristotele ante tractatos,

id. Fin. 1, 2, 6:

hic locus, de natura usuque verborum,

id. Or. 48, 162:

philosophiae noti et tractati loci,

id. ib. 33, 118:

ex quattuor locis in quos honesti naturam vimque divisimus,

id. Off. 1, 6, 18; id. Inv. 2, 3, 11; 2, 5, 16; 2, 8, 26 et saep.; Quint. 2, 4, 27; 2, 11, 6; 5, 8, 4; Juv. 6, 245; Tac. Or. 31.—

Esp.: loci, the grounds of proof, the points on which proofs are founded or from which they are deduced:

cum pervestigare argumentum aliquod volumus, locos nosse debemus,

Cic. Top. 2, 7; id. de Or. 1, 13, 56; 3, 55, 210:

traditi sunt ex quibus argumenta ducantur duplices loci,

id. Or. 35; so sing.:

itaque licet definire, locum esse argumenti sedem,

id. Top. 2.—

Esp.: loci communes, general arguments, which do not grow out of the particular facts of a case, but are applicable to any class of cases:

pars (argumentorum) est pervagatior et aut in omnis ejusdem generis aut in plerasque causas adcommodata: haec ergo argumenta, quae transferri in multas causas possunt, locos communis nominamus,

Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 47 sq.; cf. the passage at length; id. ib. 2, 16, 50 sq.; 2, 18, 56; Auct. Her. 3, 8, 15; Quint. 2, 1, 9; 3, 1, 12; 5, 1, 3; 5, 13, 57 al.— Sing.:

vix ullus est tam communis locus, qui possit cohaerere cum causa, nisi aliquo proprio quaestionis vinculo copulatus,

Quint. 2, 4, 30:

locus, for communis locus,

id. 4, 2, 117; 5, 7, 32.—

A passage in a book or author; plur. loci (Zumpt, Gram. §

99): locos quosdam transferam,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 1, 1, 36; 1, 4, 4; 5, 13, 42; 6, 3, 36; Tac. Or. 22:

locos Lucreti plurimos sectare,

Gell. 1, 21, 7;

but rarely loca: loca jam recitata,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 223; Amm. 29, 2, 8.—

Room, opportunity, cause, occasion, place, time, etc., for any thing:

et cognoscendi et ignoscendi dabitur peccati locus,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 6:

avaritia paululum aliquid loci rationi et consilio dedisset,

Cic. Quint. 16, 53:

de tuo in me animo iniquis secus existimandi videris nonnihil dedisse loci,

to have given occasion, cause, reason, id. Fam. 3, 6, 6:

dare suspicioni locum,

id. Cael. 4, 9:

dare locum dubitationis,

id. Balb. 6, 16; Val. Fl. 4, 451: locum habere, to find a place:

qui dolorem summum malum dicit, apud eum, quem locum habet fortitudo?

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117:

in hoc altero dicacitatis quid habet ars loci?

id. de Or. 2, 54, 219; so,

locus est alicui rei: legi Aquiliae locus est adversus te,

Dig. 9, 2, 27; cf.:

huic edicto locus est,

ib. 37, 10, 6; cf.:

meritis vacat hic tibi locus,

Verg. A. 11, 179:

cum defendendi negandive non est locus,

Quint. 5, 13, 8:

quaerendi,

id. 3, 8, 21.—Also in the sense of there is place for any thing, it finds acceptance:

in poëtis non Homero soli locus est aut Archilocho, etc.,

Cic. Or. 1, 4:

si in mea familiaritate locus esset nemini nisi, etc.,

id. Planc. 33, 82:

maledicto nihil loci est,

id. Mur. 5, 12: locum non relinquere, to leave no room for, not to admit, to exclude:

vita turpis ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,

id. Quint. 15, 49; so,

nec precibus nostris nec admonitionibus relinquit locum,

id. Fam. 1, 1, 2: nancisci locum, to find occasion:

nactus locum resecandae libidinis,

id. Att. 1, 18, 2:

valde gaudeo, si est nunc ullus gaudendi locus,

id. ib. 9, 7, 6.—

In aliquo loco esse, to be in any place, position, situation, condition, state, relation:

si ego in istoc siem loco, dem potius aurum, quam, etc.,

position, place, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 116:

tanta ibi copia venustatum aderat, in suo quaeque loco sita munde,

id. Poen. 5, 4, 8:

in uxoris loco habere,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 52:

in liberūm loco esse,

Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 200; id. Planc. 11, 28; id. Brut. 1, 1; but more freq. without in:

is si eo loco esset, negavit se facturum,

id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

eodem loco esse,

Sen. Ben. 3, 8, 2; 7, 14, 6.—Esp. with a gen.:

parentis loco esse,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

hostium loco esse,

Liv. 2, 4, 7:

fratris loco esse,

Cic. Fam. 5, 3, 1; 7, 3, 6; Quint. 6, 1, 7:

nec vero hic locus est, ut, etc.,

not the proper occasion, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 1; id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33.— Hence, loco or in loco, at the right place or time, seasonably, suitably:

posuisti loco versus Attianos,

Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 4:

epistolae non in loco redditae,

id. ib. 11, 16, 1:

dulce est desipere in loco,

Hor. C. 4, 12, 28; so,

locis: non insurgit locis? non figuris gaudet?

Quint. 12, 10, 23:

quo res summa loco?

in what condition? Verg. A. 2, 322:

quo sit fortuna loco,

id. ib. 9, 723:

quo sit Romana loco res,

Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 25:

quo tua sit fortuna loco,

Stat. Th. 7, 558:

missis nuntiis, quo loco res essent,

Liv. 2, 47, 5:

primo loco,

in the first place, first in order, Juv. 5, 12.—Freq. as a partit. gen.:

quo loci for quo loco,

Cic. Att. 8, 10; id. Div. 2, 66:

eo loci for eo loco,

id. Sest. 31, 68; Tac. A. 15, 74:

eodem loci,

Suet. Calig. 53:

ubi loci,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 26:

ibidem loci,

id. Cist. 3, 1, 53:

interea loci for interea,

meanwhile, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 46:

postea loci,

after that, afterwards, Sall. J. 102:

ubicumque locorum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 34:

adhuc locorum,

hitherto, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 25:

ad id locorum,

to that time, till then, hitherto, Sall. J. 63, 6; 73, 2; Liv. 22, 38, 12:

post id locorum,

after that, thereupon, Plaut. Cas. 1, 32:

inde loci,

since then, Lucr. 5, 437.—

Place, position, degree, rank, order, office, of persons or things:

summus locus civitatis,

Cic. Clu. 55, 150:

tua dignitas suum locum obtinebit,

id. Fam. 3, 9, 2:

quem locum apud ipsum Caesarem obtinuisti?

id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

res erat et causa nostra eo jam loci, ut, etc.,

id. Sest. 31, 68:

Socrates voluptatem nullo loco numerat,

id. Fin. 2, 28, 90:

codem loco habere, quo, etc.,

id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41; Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 6; 7, 77, 3; id. B. C. 1, 84, 2:

indignantes eodem se loco esse, quo, etc.,

Liv. 42, 37, 8:

sed esto, neque melius quod invenimus esse, neque par, est certe proximus locus,

Quint. 10, 5, 6:

erat ordine proximus locus,

id. 7, 3, 36:

humili loco,

id. 4, 2, 2.— Plur. loca:

ut patricii recuperarent duo consularia loca,

Liv. 10, 15, 8:

quinque augurum loca,

id. 10, 8, 3; 42, 34, 15:

omnia loca obtinuere, ne cui plebeio aditus esset,

id. 4, 57, 11; Tac. A. 2, 55:

Vesta loca prima tenet,

Ov. F. 6, 304.—Esp. of birth:

infimo loco natus,

Cic. Fl. 11, 24:

esse summo loco natus,

id. Planc. 25, 60:

Tanaquil summo loco nata,

Liv. 1, 34.—

Loco, adverbially, in the place of, instead of, for:

criminis loco putant esse, quod vivam,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 6:

haec filium suum sibi praemii loco deposcit,

id. Inv. 2, 49, 144.

lŏcus (old form stlocus, like stlis for lis, Quint. 1, 4, 16), i, m. ( lŏcum, i, n., Inscr. ap. Grut. 129, 14; plur. loci, single places; loca, places connected with each other, a region; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 666 sq., and v. infra), a place, spot.

Lit.

In gen.:

adsedistis in festivo loco,

i. e. the theatre, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 83:

locum sibi velle liberum praeberier, ubi nequam faciat clam,

id. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 3, 44; cf.

3, 2, 25: omnes copias in unum locum convenire,

Cic. Att. 8, 16, 2:

Galli qui ea loca incolerent,

Caes. B. G. 2, 4:

locorum situm naturam regionis nosse,

Liv. 22, 38:

Romae per omnes locos,

Sall. J. 32:

facere alicui locum in turba,

Ov. A. A. 2, 210:

ex loco superiore agere, of an orator speaking from the rostra, or of a judge pronouncing judgment: de loco superiore dicere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:

ex aequo loco, of one speaking in the Senate or conversing with another: et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habiti,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

ex inferiore loco,

to speak before a judge, id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: primus locus aedium, a dwelling on the ground-floor, Nep. praef. 6.— A post, position: loco movere, to drive from a place or post, Ter. Phorm. prol. 32; so,

loco deicere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 30:

loco cedere,

to give way, abandon one's post, retire, Sall. C. 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 15.—

In partic.

A place, seat, in the theatre, the circus, or the forum:

Servi ne obsideant, liberis ut sit locus,

room, seats, Plaut. Cas. prol. 23.—

Esp. the place assigned by the Senate to foreign ambassadors: locum ad spectandum dare,

Cic. Mur. 35, 73; 34, 72; so Liv. 30, 17. — Plur. loca, Liv. 34, 44, 5; Vell. 2, 32, 3; Suet. Claud. 21; id. Ner. 11; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 21.—But plur. loci, Tac. A. 15, 32.—

So of the lodging, quarters, place of abode assigned to foreign ambassadors for their residence:

locus inde lautiaque legatis praeberi jussa,

Liv. 28, 39, 19; 30, 17, 14; 42, 26, 5; Symm. Ep. 4, 56; Sid. Ep. 8, 12:

loca lautia,

App. M. 3, p. 140, 30.—

A piece or part of an estate:

stricte loquendo locus non est fundus sed pars aliqua fundi,

Dig. 50, 16, 60:

locus certus ex fundo possideri potest,

ib. 41, 2, 26.—

A place, spot, locality; a country region: hau longe abesse oportet homines hinc;

ita hic lepidust locus,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 35:

nunc hoc ubi abstrudam cogito solum locum,

id. Aul. 4, 6, 7:

non hoc ut oppido praeposui, sed ut loco,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10; Verg. A. 1, 530; Caes. B. G. 5, 12.— Poet. of the inhabitants of a place, a neighborhood:

numina vicinorum odit uterque locus,

Juv. 15, 37.—Of a place where a city once stood, a site:

locus Pherae,

Plin. 4, 5, 6, § 13:

locus Buprasium, Hyrmine,

id. ib.; cf. Ov. F. 2, 280.— Plur. rarely loci:

quos locos adiisti,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 86:

locos tenere,

Liv. 5, 35, 1:

occupare,

Sall. J. 18, 4; 76, 1; Lucr. 4, 509; Verg. A. 1, 306; 2, 28; Prop. 4 (5), 8, 22; Tac. A. 1, 61; 13, 36; Suet. Tib. 43.—Usually loca:

loca haec circiter,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 8:

venisse in illa loca,

Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 5; id. Fin. 5, 1, 2 sq.; Caes. B. G. 2, 4, 2; Lucr. 1, 373; 2, 146; Cat. 9, 7; 63, 3; Sall. J. 18, 11; 54, 3; Verg. G. 2, 140; id. A. 1, 51; 2, 495; Hor. C. 1, 22, 7; Tib. 4, 1, 97; Ov. M. 10, 29; Liv. 1, 1, 5; 1, 5, 2; 1, 6, 4 et saep.—

In war [p. 1075] or battle, a post, station (plur. loca):

tum loca sorte legunt,

Verg. A. 5, 132:

loca jussa tenere,

id. ib. 10, 238:

loca servare,

Amm. 25, 6, 14.—

Loci and loca, of parts of the body:

loci nervosi,

Cels. 5, 26, 26.—Esp.:

muliebres,

Varr. L. L. 5, 2, 15; and without adj., in females, the womb:

si ea lotio locos fovebit,

Cato, R. R. 157, 11:

cum in locis semen insederit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 51; Cels. 2, 8. —Of animals, Col. 6, 27, 10.—Of birds, Col. 8, 11, 8; Lucr. 14, 1246; Plin. 11, 37, 84, § 209; Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 17:

genitalia,

Col. 7, 7, 4; cf. id. 8, 7, 2; 8, 11, 8;

in males,

Lucr. 4, 1034; 4, 1045.—

Communis locus,

The place of the dead:

qui nunc abierunt hinc in communem locum,

Plaut. Cas. prol. 19.—

A public place:

Sthenius... qui oppidum non maximum maximis ex pecunia sua locis communibus monumentisque decoravit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 112.—

A burial-place, grave; very freq. in epitaphs; v. Inscr. Orell. 8; 4499; 4500 sq.

Trop.

A topic of discussion or thought; a matter, subject, point, head or division of a subject.

In gen.:

cum fundamentum esset philosophiae positum in finibus bonorum, perpurgatus est is locus a nobis quinque libris,

Cic. Div. 2, 1, 2:

Theophrastus cum tractat locos ab Aristotele ante tractatos,

id. Fin. 1, 2, 6:

hic locus, de natura usuque verborum,

id. Or. 48, 162:

philosophiae noti et tractati loci,

id. ib. 33, 118:

ex quattuor locis in quos honesti naturam vimque divisimus,

id. Off. 1, 6, 18; id. Inv. 2, 3, 11; 2, 5, 16; 2, 8, 26 et saep.; Quint. 2, 4, 27; 2, 11, 6; 5, 8, 4; Juv. 6, 245; Tac. Or. 31.—

Esp.: loci, the grounds of proof, the points on which proofs are founded or from which they are deduced:

cum pervestigare argumentum aliquod volumus, locos nosse debemus,

Cic. Top. 2, 7; id. de Or. 1, 13, 56; 3, 55, 210:

traditi sunt ex quibus argumenta ducantur duplices loci,

id. Or. 35; so sing.:

itaque licet definire, locum esse argumenti sedem,

id. Top. 2.—

Esp.: loci communes, general arguments, which do not grow out of the particular facts of a case, but are applicable to any class of cases:

pars (argumentorum) est pervagatior et aut in omnis ejusdem generis aut in plerasque causas adcommodata: haec ergo argumenta, quae transferri in multas causas possunt, locos communis nominamus,

Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 47 sq.; cf. the passage at length; id. ib. 2, 16, 50 sq.; 2, 18, 56; Auct. Her. 3, 8, 15; Quint. 2, 1, 9; 3, 1, 12; 5, 1, 3; 5, 13, 57 al.— Sing.:

vix ullus est tam communis locus, qui possit cohaerere cum causa, nisi aliquo proprio quaestionis vinculo copulatus,

Quint. 2, 4, 30:

locus, for communis locus,

id. 4, 2, 117; 5, 7, 32.—

A passage in a book or author; plur. loci (Zumpt, Gram. §

99): locos quosdam transferam,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 1, 1, 36; 1, 4, 4; 5, 13, 42; 6, 3, 36; Tac. Or. 22:

locos Lucreti plurimos sectare,

Gell. 1, 21, 7;

but rarely loca: loca jam recitata,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 223; Amm. 29, 2, 8.—

Room, opportunity, cause, occasion, place, time, etc., for any thing:

et cognoscendi et ignoscendi dabitur peccati locus,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 6:

avaritia paululum aliquid loci rationi et consilio dedisset,

Cic. Quint. 16, 53:

de tuo in me animo iniquis secus existimandi videris nonnihil dedisse loci,

to have given occasion, cause, reason, id. Fam. 3, 6, 6:

dare suspicioni locum,

id. Cael. 4, 9:

dare locum dubitationis,

id. Balb. 6, 16; Val. Fl. 4, 451: locum habere, to find a place:

qui dolorem summum malum dicit, apud eum, quem locum habet fortitudo?

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117:

in hoc altero dicacitatis quid habet ars loci?

id. de Or. 2, 54, 219; so,

locus est alicui rei: legi Aquiliae locus est adversus te,

Dig. 9, 2, 27; cf.:

huic edicto locus est,

ib. 37, 10, 6; cf.:

meritis vacat hic tibi locus,

Verg. A. 11, 179:

cum defendendi negandive non est locus,

Quint. 5, 13, 8:

quaerendi,

id. 3, 8, 21.—Also in the sense of there is place for any thing, it finds acceptance:

in poëtis non Homero soli locus est aut Archilocho, etc.,

Cic. Or. 1, 4:

si in mea familiaritate locus esset nemini nisi, etc.,

id. Planc. 33, 82:

maledicto nihil loci est,

id. Mur. 5, 12: locum non relinquere, to leave no room for, not to admit, to exclude:

vita turpis ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,

id. Quint. 15, 49; so,

nec precibus nostris nec admonitionibus relinquit locum,

id. Fam. 1, 1, 2: nancisci locum, to find occasion:

nactus locum resecandae libidinis,

id. Att. 1, 18, 2:

valde gaudeo, si est nunc ullus gaudendi locus,

id. ib. 9, 7, 6.—

In aliquo loco esse, to be in any place, position, situation, condition, state, relation:

si ego in istoc siem loco, dem potius aurum, quam, etc.,

position, place, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 116:

tanta ibi copia venustatum aderat, in suo quaeque loco sita munde,

id. Poen. 5, 4, 8:

in uxoris loco habere,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 52:

in liberūm loco esse,

Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 200; id. Planc. 11, 28; id. Brut. 1, 1; but more freq. without in:

is si eo loco esset, negavit se facturum,

id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

eodem loco esse,

Sen. Ben. 3, 8, 2; 7, 14, 6.—Esp. with a gen.:

parentis loco esse,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

hostium loco esse,

Liv. 2, 4, 7:

fratris loco esse,

Cic. Fam. 5, 3, 1; 7, 3, 6; Quint. 6, 1, 7:

nec vero hic locus est, ut, etc.,

not the proper occasion, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 1; id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33.— Hence, loco or in loco, at the right place or time, seasonably, suitably:

posuisti loco versus Attianos,

Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 4:

epistolae non in loco redditae,

id. ib. 11, 16, 1:

dulce est desipere in loco,

Hor. C. 4, 12, 28; so,

locis: non insurgit locis? non figuris gaudet?

Quint. 12, 10, 23:

quo res summa loco?

in what condition? Verg. A. 2, 322:

quo sit fortuna loco,

id. ib. 9, 723:

quo sit Romana loco res,

Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 25:

quo tua sit fortuna loco,

Stat. Th. 7, 558:

missis nuntiis, quo loco res essent,

Liv. 2, 47, 5:

primo loco,

in the first place, first in order, Juv. 5, 12.—Freq. as a partit. gen.:

quo loci for quo loco,

Cic. Att. 8, 10; id. Div. 2, 66:

eo loci for eo loco,

id. Sest. 31, 68; Tac. A. 15, 74:

eodem loci,

Suet. Calig. 53:

ubi loci,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 26:

ibidem loci,

id. Cist. 3, 1, 53:

interea loci for interea,

meanwhile, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 46:

postea loci,

after that, afterwards, Sall. J. 102:

ubicumque locorum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 34:

adhuc locorum,

hitherto, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 25:

ad id locorum,

to that time, till then, hitherto, Sall. J. 63, 6; 73, 2; Liv. 22, 38, 12:

post id locorum,

after that, thereupon, Plaut. Cas. 1, 32:

inde loci,

since then, Lucr. 5, 437.—

Place, position, degree, rank, order, office, of persons or things:

summus locus civitatis,

Cic. Clu. 55, 150:

tua dignitas suum locum obtinebit,

id. Fam. 3, 9, 2:

quem locum apud ipsum Caesarem obtinuisti?

id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

res erat et causa nostra eo jam loci, ut, etc.,

id. Sest. 31, 68:

Socrates voluptatem nullo loco numerat,

id. Fin. 2, 28, 90:

codem loco habere, quo, etc.,

id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41; Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 6; 7, 77, 3; id. B. C. 1, 84, 2:

indignantes eodem se loco esse, quo, etc.,

Liv. 42, 37, 8:

sed esto, neque melius quod invenimus esse, neque par, est certe proximus locus,

Quint. 10, 5, 6:

erat ordine proximus locus,

id. 7, 3, 36:

humili loco,

id. 4, 2, 2.— Plur. loca:

ut patricii recuperarent duo consularia loca,

Liv. 10, 15, 8:

quinque augurum loca,

id. 10, 8, 3; 42, 34, 15:

omnia loca obtinuere, ne cui plebeio aditus esset,

id. 4, 57, 11; Tac. A. 2, 55:

Vesta loca prima tenet,

Ov. F. 6, 304.—Esp. of birth:

infimo loco natus,

Cic. Fl. 11, 24:

esse summo loco natus,

id. Planc. 25, 60:

Tanaquil summo loco nata,

Liv. 1, 34.—

Loco, adverbially, in the place of, instead of, for:

criminis loco putant esse, quod vivam,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 6:

haec filium suum sibi praemii loco deposcit,

id. Inv. 2, 49, 144.

măgister, tri (old orthog., ‡ magester, like ‡ leber, ‡ Menerva, for liber, Minerva, acc. to Quint. 1, 4, 17), m. [a double comparative in form, from magis, and comparative ending -ter; cf.: minister, sinister], a master, chief, head, superior, director, president, leader, commander, conductor, etc.:

quibus praecipua cura rerum incumbit, et qui magis quam ceteri diligentiam et sollicitudinem rebus, quibus praesunt, debent, hi magistri appellantur,

Dig. 50, 16, 57.

Lit.

In gen., the dictator in the earliest times was called magister populi, the chief of the people:

in Magistro populi faciendo, qui vulgo dictator appellatur... qui primus Magister a populo creatus est, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. optima lex, p. 198 Müll.: (sapiens) rectius appellabitur rex quam Tarquinius, qui nec se nec suos regere potuit: rectius magister populi (is enim dictator est) quam Sulla, qui trium pestiferorum vitiorum, luxuriae, avaritiae, crudelitatis magister fuit,

Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 75; cf.

also below the passage,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 82 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 9:

dictator quidem ab eo appellatur, quia dicitur: sed in nostris libris (sc. auguralibus) vides eum magistrum populi appellari,

id. Rep. 1, 40, 63 Creuz.; cf.

, with reference to this passage,

Sen. Ep. 108, 31:

Larcum moderatorem et magistrum consulibus appositum,

Liv. 2, 18, 5.—Magister equitum, the chief of the cavalry, appointed by the dictator:

magister equitum, quod summa potestas hujus in equites et accensos, ut est summa populi dictator, a quo is quoque magister populi appellatus,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 82 Müll.:

dictator magistrum equitum dicit L. Tarquitium,

Liv. 3, 27; 7, 21 fin.;

23, 11: fumosi equitum magistri,

in a family tree, Juv. 8, 8.—So, magister peditum (analogous to magister equitum), chief of the infantry, Amm. 21, 12, 16. —The censor is called magister morum, master of morals, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 2:

magister sacrorum,

the chief priest, Liv. 39, 18 fin.; v. Drak. ad loc.; so,

PVBLICVS SACRORVM (or SACERDOTVM),

Inscr. Orell. 2351:

FRATRVM ARVALIVM,

ib. 2426:

SALIORVM,

ib. 2247; 2419:

LARVM AVGVSTI,

ib. 1661 et saep.:

curiae,

the overseer of a curia, Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 29: vici, the overseer of a quarter or ward, Suet. Aug. 30:

chori canentium,

a head-chorister, leader of a choir, Col. 12, 2:

officiorum and operarum,

a superintendent, bailiff, id. 1, 18:

scripturae and in scripturā,

a director of a company of farmers-general, Cic. Att. 5, 15, 3; id. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169; cf.: P. Terentius operas in portu et scripturā Asiae pro magistro dedit, i. e. has performed the functions of a magister, was vice-director, id. Att. 11, 10, 1:

quaesivi, qui per eos annos magistri illius societatis fuissent,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182:

P. Rupilius, qui est magister in ea societate,

id. Fam. 13, 9, 2:

maximarum societatum auctor, plurimarum magister,

id. Planc. 13, 32:

pecoris,

a chief herdsman, Varr. R. R. 2, 10; cf. Verg. G. 3, 445:

elephanti,

conductor, Sil. 4, 616:

auctionis,

the director, superintendent, conductor of an auction, Cic. Quint. 15, 50; cf.:

is quem putabant magistrum fore, si bona venirent,

id. Att. 1, 1, 3; 6, 1, 15; an officer charged with distributing money among the people, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 3.—Law t. t., an agent or assignee to dispose of a debtor's goods:

praetor jubet convenire creditores, et ex eo numero magistrum creari, id est eum per quem bona veneant,

Gai. Inst. 3, 79: convivii, the master or president of a feast, Varr. L. L. 5, § 122 Müll.; App. Mag. p. 336, 11: navis, the master or captain of a ship, Dig. 14, 1, 1; Gai. Inst. 4, 71;

so without navis,

Juv. 12, 79:

gubernatores et magistri navium,

Liv. 29, 25, 7; 45, 42, 3; the steersman, pilot:

ipse gubernaclo rector subit, ipse magister,

Verg. A. 5, 176; 1, 115; 6, 353; Val. Fl. 1, 18; 1, 382; Luc. 2, 696; Sil. 4, 719:

samnitium,

i. e. of the gladiators, a fencing-master, Cic. de Or. 3, 23, 86:

magistri tabernae,

innkeepers, Paul. Sent. 2, 8, 3.—In inscrr. are found also: fani, horreorum, collegii, memoriae, munerum, Augustalis, admissionum, epistolarum, libellorum, etc.; likewise: a bibliothecā, ab marmoribus, etc.—

In partic.

A teacher, instructor, Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 8:

pueri apud magistros exercentur,

id. de Or. 1, 57, 244:

artium lberalium magistri,

id. Inv. 1, 25, 35; cf.:

virtutis magistri,

id. Mur. 31, 65; id. N. D. 1, 26, 72:

rarum ac memorabile magni Gutturis exemplum conducendusque magister,

Juv. 2, 114.— Transf., of inanim. things:

magister mihi exercitor animus nunc est,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 4; id. Curc. 2, 2, 8:

stilus optimus dicendi effector ac magister,

Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150; Pers. prol. 10:

timor, non diuturnus magister officii,

Cic. Phil. 2, 36, 90.—

An educator of children, a tutor, pedagogue:

senes me filiis relinquunt quasi magistrum,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 21:

docendis publice juvenibus magister,

Gell. 19, 9, 2. —

A master, owner, keeper:

trepidumque magistrum In cavea magno fremitu leo tollet alumnus,

Juv. 14, 246.—

A master of his art, professor:

a tonsore magistro Pecteris,

Juv. 6, 26.—

Trop., an adviser, instigator, author of any thing (very rare):

si quis magistrum cepit ad eam rem improbum,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 21:

magister ad despoliandum Dianae templum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 21, § 54.—As adj.:

rituque magistro Plurima Niliacis tradant mendacia biblis,

Sedul. 1, 15.

rumpo, rūpi, ruptum ( inf. paragog. rumpier, Afran. Com. 127), 3, v. a. [root rup], to break, burst, tear, rend, rive, rupture; to break asunder, burst in pieces, force open, etc. (very freq. and class.; a favorite word of the Aug. poets; cf. frango).

Lit.: SI MEMBRVM RVPIT NI CVM EO PACIT TALIO ESTO, Lex XII. Tab. ap. Fest. S. V. TALIO, p. 274; and ap. Gell. 20, 1, 14; cf. Cato ap. Prisc. p. 710 P.:

vincula,

Lucr. 3, 83; Cic. Cat. 4, 4, 8; id. Tusc. 1, 30, 74; Prop. 4, 10, 4; Verg. A. 10, 233 al.:

catenas,

Prop. 3, 13, 11; Hor. S. 2, 7, 70; Ov. Am. 3, 11, 3:

frena pudoris,

Prop. 4, 18, 3:

obstantia claustra,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 9:

teretes plagas (aper),

id. C. 1, 1, 28:

pontem,

to break down, Liv. 7, 9; cf.:

rupti torrentibus pontes,

Quint. 2, 13, 16:

montem aceto (Hannibal),

Juv. 10, 153:

Alpes,

Sil. 11, 135:

arcum,

Phaedr. 3, 14, 10:

plumbum (aqua),

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 20:

carinam (sinus Noto remugiens),

id. Epod. 10, 20:

tenta cubilia tectaque,

id. ib. 12, 12:

vestes,

Ov. M. 6, 131; cf.:

tenues a pectore vestes,

id. A. A. 3, 707:

sinus pariterque capillos,

id. M. 10, 722:

linum ruptum aut turbata cera,

Quint. 12, 8, 13:

praecordia ferro,

to penetrate, Ov. M. 6, 251; 5, 36; cf.:

guttura cultro,

to cut, id. ib. 15, 465:

colla securi,

id. ib. 12, 249:

nubem (vis venti),

to sunder, rive, Lucr. 6, 432:

fulmen nubes rumpit,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 58, 1:

spiritus rumpit nubes,

id. ib. 2, 54, 3:

ruptae nubes et in pronum solutae,

id. ib. 5, 12, 1:

caelum,

Sil. 3, 196:

polum,

id. 1, 135: turbo ruptus, breaking or bursting forth, Verg. A. 2, 416 et saep.:

tuā causā rupi ramices,

burst, ruptured, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 30:

suos ramices,

id. Poen. 3, 1, 37:

inflatas vesiculas,

Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33:

pectora fremitu (leones),

Lucr. 3, 297:

illius immensae ruperunt horrea messes,

filled to repletion, Verg. G. 1, 49; Col. 10, 307:

frugibus rupta congestis horrea,

Sid. 1, 6:

ilia,

Cat. 11, 20; 80, 7; Verg. E. 7, 26; cf. with a personal object:

rupit Iarbitam Timagenis aemula lingua, Dum, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 15.—Esp. reflexively, to burst or split one ' s self, to burst, split, etc.:

me rupi causā currendo tuā,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 43; id. Capt. prol. 14; Lucil. ap. Non. 88, 11; 382, 23:

ut me ambulando rumperet,

Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 21:

non, si te ruperis, Par eris,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 319.— Mid.: ego misera risu clandestino rumpier, to burst, split, Afran. ap. Non. 382, 21 (Com. Rel. p. 154 Rib.); so,

frigidus in pratis cantando rumpitur anguis,

Verg. E. 8, 71:

quā (licentiā audacium) ante rumpebar, nunc ne movear quidem,

could have burst, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1:

et inflatas rumpi vesiculas,

id. Div. 2, 14, 33; cf.:

rumpantur iniqui, Vicimus,

Prop. 1, 8, 27:

miser Rumperis (sc. irā) et latras,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 136: rumpere viam, iter, etc., to force a passage, make one ' s way by force: ferro rumpenda per hostes Est via, a passage must be burst or forced through, Verg. A. 10, 372; cf.:

eo nisi corporibus armisque rupere cuneo viam,

Liv. 2, 50:

rupta via,

Quint. 9, 4, 63:

viam igne,

Stat. Th. 8, 469:

iter ferro,

Sil. 4, 196 (with reserare viam);

15, 782: Alpes,

id. 11, 135:

rupto sonuit sacer aequore Titan,

Val. Fl. 2, 37:

cursus,

id. ib. 1, 3; Sil. 7, 568 et saep.:

rumpere media agmina,

to burst through, break through, Verg. A. 12, 683; cf.:

proelia misso equo,

Prop. 3, 11, 64 (4, 10, 62):

ruptā mersum caput obruit undā,

Ov. M. 11, 569:

mediam aciem,

Liv. 26, 5:

pugnantibus acies rumpenda,

Just. 1, 6, 11:

ordines,

Liv. 6, 13:

aditus,

Verg. A. 2, 494:

parvos hiatus,

Sil. 5, 616:

fontem,

to break open, cause to break forth, Ov. M. 5, 257:

fontes abyssae magnae,

Vulg. Gen. 7, 11: se rumpere, to break out, burst forth ( = erumpere):

ubi sub lucem densa inter nubila sese Diversi rumpent radii,

Verg. G. 1, 446:

tantus se nubibus imber Ruperat,

id. A. 11, 548:

unde altus primum se erumpit Enipeus,

id. G. 4, 368; so,

rumpi, in mid. force: dum amnes ulli rumpuntur fontibus,

id. ib. 3, 428:

alicui reditum,

to cut off, Hor. Epod. 13, 15.— Absol.: offendit, fregit, rumpit, icit poculo, wounds, Afran. ap. Non. 124, 6 (Com. Rel. p. 173 Rib.); so, si quis rumpet occidetve insciens ne fraus esto, an ancient form of rogation in Liv. 22, 10, 5; cf. Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 17. —

Trop., to break, violate, destroy, annul, make void, interrupt, etc.:

hunc quisquam... foedera scientem neglexisse, violasse, rupisse dicere audebit?

Cic. Balb. 5, 13; so,

foedera,

Lucr. 2, 254; Auct. Her. 4, 14, 20; Liv. 9, 1; 21, 10; Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 35:

foedus,

Liv. 3, 25, 5; 42, 40, 3:

imperium,

Curt. 10, 2, 15; Tac. A. 13, 36; id. H. 3, 19:

sacramenti religionem,

Liv. 28, 27:

reverentiam sacramenti,

Tac. H. 1, 12:

fidem induciarum, pacis, etc.,

Liv. 9, 40 fin.; 24, 29; Verg. G. 4, 213; Flor. 4, 2, 16:

jus gentium,

Liv. 4, 17:

hostium jus et sacra legationis et fas gentium,

Tac. A. 1, 42:

rogationes vos rogatas rumpitis,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 24:

edicta,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 22:

decreta,

Ov. M. 15, 780:

leges,

Luc. 4, 175:

constat, agnascendo rumpi testamentum,

is made void, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 241; cf.:

jura testamentorum ruptorum aut ratorum,

id. ib. 1, 38, 173:

nuptias,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 7:

amores,

Verg. A. 4, 292:

condiciones pacis,

Vell. 2, 48, 5:

obsequium,

Suet. Galb. 16:

fata aspera,

Verg. A. 6, 882:

fati necessitatem humanis consiliis,

Liv. 1, 42:

ne me e somno excitetis et rumpatis visum,

break in upon, interrupt, Cic. Rep. 6, 12, 12; so,

somnum,

Verg. A. 7, 458; cf. Sen. Ep. 51, 12:

sacra,

Verg. A. 8, 110:

carmina,

Tib. 2, 3, 20:

novissima verba,

Ov. A. A. 1, 539:

ut vero amplexus fessi rupere supremos,

Val. Fl. 5, 32:

strepitu silentia rumpi,

Lucr. 4, 583:

silentia (verbis),

Verg. A. 10, 64; Ov. M. 1, 208; 11, 598; Hor. Epod. 5, 85; Val. Fl. 3, 509; Plin. Pan. 55, 4:

diutinum silentium,

App. M. 10, p. 239, 14:

taciturnitatem,

Tac. A. 1, 74:

patientiam,

Suet. Tib. 24:

en age, segnes Rumpe moras,

break off, end delay, Verg. G. 3, 43; so,

rumpe moras,

id. A. 4, 569; 9, 13; Ov. M. 15, 583 Bach, N. cr.; Val. Fl. 1, 306; Mart. 2, 64, 9; Plin. Ep. 5, 11, 2; cf.:

rumpunt moras,

Luc. 1, 264:

otia,

Verg. A. 6, 813.— Poet.: rumpit has imo pectore voces, breaks forth, breaks out in, gives vent to, utters, etc., Verg. A. 11, 377; so,

vocem,

id. ib. 2, 129; 3, 246; Sil. 8, 301; Tac. A. 6, 20:

questus,

Verg. A. 4, 553; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 249:

gemitum,

Sil. 4, 458.

trājectus, a, um, Part. of traicio.

trājectus (in Cæs. transjectus), ūs, m. [traicio].

Abstr., a crossing or passing over, passage (class., but not in Cic., who uses instead trajectio):

transjectus in Britanniam,

Caes. B. G. 5, 2; 4, 21; id. B. C. 2, 20:

in trajectu Albulae amnis submersus,

Liv. 1, 3, 8; 35, 51, 1:

tempestate in trajectu bis conflictatus,

Suet. Aug. 17.—

Concr., a place for passing over, a passage: legiones et auxilia mittit ad trajectum, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 5; Plin. 6, 23, 26, § 98.

transĭtĭo, ōnis, f. [transeo], a going across or over, a passing over, passage.

Lit.

In gen.:

(solis) in aliud signum,

Vitr. 9, 4 med.:

sic dicebas, eam esse ejus (speciei dei) visionem, ut similitudine et transitione cernatur,

i. e. by the passing by of atoms, Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 105:

imaginibus similitudine et transitione perceptis,

id. ib. 1, 19, 50:

visionum,

id. ib. 1, 39, 109.—

Concr., a passage, entrance:

transitiones perviae jani nominantur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 67.—

In partic., a going over, desertion to a party:

sociorum,

Liv. 28, 15, 14; 25, 15, 5; 2, 25, 1; 28, 16, 8; Tac. H. 2, 99; Just. 1, 5.—In plur., Cic. Brut. 16, 62; Liv. 27, 20, 7.—

Trop.

The passing of a disease from one person to another, infection, contagion, Ov. R. Am. 616.—

In rhet., a transition, Auct. Her. 4, 26, 35; 1, 9, 14.—

In gram., an inflection by declension or conjugation, Varr. L. L. 9, § 103 Müll.; Prisc. p. 982 P.

trājectus, a, um, Part. of traicio.

trājectus (in Cæs. transjectus), ūs, m. [traicio].

Abstr., a crossing or passing over, passage (class., but not in Cic., who uses instead trajectio):

transjectus in Britanniam,

Caes. B. G. 5, 2; 4, 21; id. B. C. 2, 20:

in trajectu Albulae amnis submersus,

Liv. 1, 3, 8; 35, 51, 1:

tempestate in trajectu bis conflictatus,

Suet. Aug. 17.—

Concr., a place for passing over, a passage: legiones et auxilia mittit ad trajectum, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 5; Plin. 6, 23, 26, § 98.

vĭa ( vĕa, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 14), ae ( gen. sing. vias, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P., or Ann. v. 421 Vahl.; viāï, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16, or Ann. v. 209 ib.; Lucr. 1, 406; 1, 659; 2, 249 et saep.; dat. plur. VIEIS, Inscr. Lat. 206, 50), f. [Sanscr. vah-āmi, bring, lead; Gr. ochos, ochêma, vehicle; Germ. Wagen; Engl. wagon; from this root are also veho, vexo, etc.], a way, in the most general sense (for men, beasts, or carriages, within or without a city), a highway, road, path, street.

Lit.

In gen.:

viae latitudo ex lege duodecim tabularum in porrectum octo pedes habet, in anfractum, id est ubi flexum est, sedecim,

Dig. 8, 3, 8:

Romam in montibus positam et convallibus, non optimis viis, angustissimis semitis,

Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

et modo quae fuerat semita, facta via est,

Mart. 7, 61, 4:

aut viam aut semitam monstret,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 30:

mi opsistere in viā,

id. Curc. 2, 3, 5:

ire in viā,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 42:

omnibus viis notis semitisque essedarios ex silvis emittebat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 19 (opp. semita), id. ib. 7, 8; Liv. 44, 43, 1; cf.:

decedam ego illi de viā,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 80; cf. id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:

paulum ad dexteram de viā declinavi,

Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 5:

decedere viā,

Suet. Tib. 31:

aestuosa et pulverulenta via,

Cic. Att. 5, 14, 1:

quā (viā) Sequanis invitis propter angustias ire non poterant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 9:

cursare huc illuc viā deterrimā,

Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2:

in viam se dare,

to set out on a journey, id. Fam. 14, 12:

te neque navigationi neque viae committere,

id. ib. 16, 4, 1:

tu abi tuam viam,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 88:

milites monuit, viā omnes irent, nec deverti quemquam paterentur,

along the highway, Liv. 25, 9, 4.—In a double sense:

ire publicā viā,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 35.—Prov.: qui sibi semitam non sapiunt, alteri monstrant viam, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132 (Trag. v. 358 Vahl.):

de viā in semitam degredi,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 40:

totā errare viā,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 14.—

In partic., as the name of a particular street or road:

tres ergo viae, a supero mari Flaminia, ab infero Aurelia, media Cassia,

Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 22:

Via Appia,

id. Mil. 6, 15; id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55; cf. Liv. 9, 29, 6;

v. Appius: Via Campana,

Suet. Aug. 94;

v. Campania: Sacra Via, in Rome, in the fourth region,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 47 Müll.; Fest. p. 290 ib.; Cic. Planc. 7, 17; Hor. Epod. 4, 7; 7, 8:

Via Sacra,

id. S. 1, 9, 1;

also written as one word, SACRAVIA,

Inscr. Grut. 638, 7; 1033, 1; cf. Charis. p. 6 P.; Diom. p. 401 ib. (v. sacer, I. A.); cf. Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 219 sq.— Hence, Sacrăvĭenses, ĭum, m., those dwelling on the Sacra Via, Fest. s. v. October equus, p. 178 Müll.—

Transf.

Abstr., like our way, for march, journey (syn. iter):

cum de viā languerem,

Cic. Phil. 1, 5, 12:

nisi de viā fessus esset,

id. Ac. 1, 1, 1: tridui via, a three days' march or journey, Caes. B. G. 1, 38:

bidui,

id. ib. 6, 7; Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27:

longitudo viae,

Liv. 37, 33, 3:

flecte viam velis,

Verg. A. 5, 28:

tum via tuta maris,

Ov. M. 11, 747:

feci Longa Pherecleā per freta puppe vias,

id. H. 16, 22:

ne inter vias praeterbitamus, metuo,

by the way, on the road, Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 43; Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 1; Turp. ap. Non. p. 538, 8 et saep.—

In gen., a way, passage, channel, pipe, etc.; thus, a lane in a camp, Caes. B. G. 5, 49; a passage between the seats of a theatre, Mart. 5, 14, 8; Tert. Spect. 3; of the veins:

omnes ejus (sanguinis) viae,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137; of the chyle ducts:

quaedam a medio intestino usque ad portas jecoris ductae et directae viae,

id. ib.; the windpipe, Ov. M. 15, 344; 14, 498; a cleft through which any thing penetrates, Verg. G. 2, 79; cf. Ov. M. 11, 515; the path or track of an arrow, Verg. A. 5, 526; a stripe in a party-colored fabric, Tib. 2, 3, 54 et saep.—

Trop.

In gen., a way, method, mode, manner, fashion, etc., of doing any thing, course (cf. modus):

vitae,

Cic. Fl. 42, 105; id. Agr. 1, 9, 27; id. Sest. 67, 140; Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 26; Sen. Brev. Vit. 9, 5; Lact. Epit. 67, 12:

via vivendi,

Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118:

rectam vitae viam sequi,

id. ib.:

Socrates hanc viam ad gloriam proximam dicebat esse,

id. ib. 2, 12, 43:

haec ad aeternam gloriam via est,

Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 18:

haec una via omnibus ad salutem visa est,

Liv. 36, 27, 8:

invenire viam ad mortem,

Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 12:

totidem ad mortem viae sunt,

Sen. Contr. 1, 8, 6:

cum eum hortarer ut eam laudis viam rectissimam esse duceret,

Cic. Brut. 81, 281: haec est una via laudis, id. Sest. 65, 137:

totam ignoras viam gloriae,

id. Phil. 1, 14, 33:

quae tum promptissima mortis via, exsolvit venas,

Tac. A. 16, 17:

habeo certam viam atque rationem, quā omnes illorum conatus investigare et consequi possim,

Cic. Verr. 1, 16, 48:

defensionis ratio viaque,

id. ib. 2, 5, 1, §

4: non tam justitiae quam litigandi tradunt vias,

id. Leg. 1, 6, 18:

docendi via,

id. Or. 32, 114:

optimarum artium vias tradere,

id. Div. 2, 1, 1:

(di) non... nullas dant vias nobis ad significationum scientiam,

id. ib. 2, 49, 102:

rectam instas viam,

i. e. you speak correctly, truly, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 41.—Adverb.: rectā viā, directly:

ut rectā viā rem narret ordine omnem,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28.—

Pregn. (cf. ratio), the right way, the true method, mode, or manner:

ingressu'st viam, i. e. rectam,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 273:

in omnibus quae ratione docentur et viā, primum constituendum est, quid quidque sit, etc.,

rationally and methodically, Cic. Or. 33, 116:

ut ratione et viā procedat oratio,

id. Fin. 1, 9, 29.—Adverb.: viā, rightly, properly (opp. to wandering out of the way):

ipsus eam rem secum reputavit viā,

Ter. And. 2, 6, 11:

viā et arte dicere,

Cic. Brut. 12, 46. —

Viam perficere, i. e. to attain an end, Just. Inst. proöem. 1.

vĭa ( vĕa, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 14), ae ( gen. sing. vias, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P., or Ann. v. 421 Vahl.; viāï, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16, or Ann. v. 209 ib.; Lucr. 1, 406; 1, 659; 2, 249 et saep.; dat. plur. VIEIS, Inscr. Lat. 206, 50), f. [Sanscr. vah-āmi, bring, lead; Gr. ochos, ochêma, vehicle; Germ. Wagen; Engl. wagon; from this root are also veho, vexo, etc.], a way, in the most general sense (for men, beasts, or carriages, within or without a city), a highway, road, path, street.

Lit.

In gen.:

viae latitudo ex lege duodecim tabularum in porrectum octo pedes habet, in anfractum, id est ubi flexum est, sedecim,

Dig. 8, 3, 8:

Romam in montibus positam et convallibus, non optimis viis, angustissimis semitis,

Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

et modo quae fuerat semita, facta via est,

Mart. 7, 61, 4:

aut viam aut semitam monstret,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 30:

mi opsistere in viā,

id. Curc. 2, 3, 5:

ire in viā,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 42:

omnibus viis notis semitisque essedarios ex silvis emittebat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 19 (opp. semita), id. ib. 7, 8; Liv. 44, 43, 1; cf.:

decedam ego illi de viā,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 80; cf. id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:

paulum ad dexteram de viā declinavi,

Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 5:

decedere viā,

Suet. Tib. 31:

aestuosa et pulverulenta via,

Cic. Att. 5, 14, 1:

quā (viā) Sequanis invitis propter angustias ire non poterant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 9:

cursare huc illuc viā deterrimā,

Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2:

in viam se dare,

to set out on a journey, id. Fam. 14, 12:

te neque navigationi neque viae committere,

id. ib. 16, 4, 1:

tu abi tuam viam,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 88:

milites monuit, viā omnes irent, nec deverti quemquam paterentur,

along the highway, Liv. 25, 9, 4.—In a double sense:

ire publicā viā,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 35.—Prov.: qui sibi semitam non sapiunt, alteri monstrant viam, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132 (Trag. v. 358 Vahl.):

de viā in semitam degredi,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 40:

totā errare viā,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 14.—

In partic., as the name of a particular street or road:

tres ergo viae, a supero mari Flaminia, ab infero Aurelia, media Cassia,

Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 22:

Via Appia,

id. Mil. 6, 15; id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55; cf. Liv. 9, 29, 6;

v. Appius: Via Campana,

Suet. Aug. 94;

v. Campania: Sacra Via, in Rome, in the fourth region,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 47 Müll.; Fest. p. 290 ib.; Cic. Planc. 7, 17; Hor. Epod. 4, 7; 7, 8:

Via Sacra,

id. S. 1, 9, 1;

also written as one word, SACRAVIA,

Inscr. Grut. 638, 7; 1033, 1; cf. Charis. p. 6 P.; Diom. p. 401 ib. (v. sacer, I. A.); cf. Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 219 sq.— Hence, Sacrăvĭenses, ĭum, m., those dwelling on the Sacra Via, Fest. s. v. October equus, p. 178 Müll.—

Transf.

Abstr., like our way, for march, journey (syn. iter):

cum de viā languerem,

Cic. Phil. 1, 5, 12:

nisi de viā fessus esset,

id. Ac. 1, 1, 1: tridui via, a three days' march or journey, Caes. B. G. 1, 38:

bidui,

id. ib. 6, 7; Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27:

longitudo viae,

Liv. 37, 33, 3:

flecte viam velis,

Verg. A. 5, 28:

tum via tuta maris,

Ov. M. 11, 747:

feci Longa Pherecleā per freta puppe vias,

id. H. 16, 22:

ne inter vias praeterbitamus, metuo,

by the way, on the road, Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 43; Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 1; Turp. ap. Non. p. 538, 8 et saep.—

In gen., a way, passage, channel, pipe, etc.; thus, a lane in a camp, Caes. B. G. 5, 49; a passage between the seats of a theatre, Mart. 5, 14, 8; Tert. Spect. 3; of the veins:

omnes ejus (sanguinis) viae,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137; of the chyle ducts:

quaedam a medio intestino usque ad portas jecoris ductae et directae viae,

id. ib.; the windpipe, Ov. M. 15, 344; 14, 498; a cleft through which any thing penetrates, Verg. G. 2, 79; cf. Ov. M. 11, 515; the path or track of an arrow, Verg. A. 5, 526; a stripe in a party-colored fabric, Tib. 2, 3, 54 et saep.—

Trop.

In gen., a way, method, mode, manner, fashion, etc., of doing any thing, course (cf. modus):

vitae,

Cic. Fl. 42, 105; id. Agr. 1, 9, 27; id. Sest. 67, 140; Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 26; Sen. Brev. Vit. 9, 5; Lact. Epit. 67, 12:

via vivendi,

Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118:

rectam vitae viam sequi,

id. ib.:

Socrates hanc viam ad gloriam proximam dicebat esse,

id. ib. 2, 12, 43:

haec ad aeternam gloriam via est,

Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 18:

haec una via omnibus ad salutem visa est,

Liv. 36, 27, 8:

invenire viam ad mortem,

Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 12:

totidem ad mortem viae sunt,

Sen. Contr. 1, 8, 6:

cum eum hortarer ut eam laudis viam rectissimam esse duceret,

Cic. Brut. 81, 281: haec est una via laudis, id. Sest. 65, 137:

totam ignoras viam gloriae,

id. Phil. 1, 14, 33:

quae tum promptissima mortis via, exsolvit venas,

Tac. A. 16, 17:

habeo certam viam atque rationem, quā omnes illorum conatus investigare et consequi possim,

Cic. Verr. 1, 16, 48:

defensionis ratio viaque,

id. ib. 2, 5, 1, §

4: non tam justitiae quam litigandi tradunt vias,

id. Leg. 1, 6, 18:

docendi via,

id. Or. 32, 114:

optimarum artium vias tradere,

id. Div. 2, 1, 1:

(di) non... nullas dant vias nobis ad significationum scientiam,

id. ib. 2, 49, 102:

rectam instas viam,

i. e. you speak correctly, truly, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 41.—Adverb.: rectā viā, directly:

ut rectā viā rem narret ordine omnem,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28.—

Pregn. (cf. ratio), the right way, the true method, mode, or manner:

ingressu'st viam, i. e. rectam,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 273:

in omnibus quae ratione docentur et viā, primum constituendum est, quid quidque sit, etc.,

rationally and methodically, Cic. Or. 33, 116:

ut ratione et viā procedat oratio,

id. Fin. 1, 9, 29.—Adverb.: viā, rightly, properly (opp. to wandering out of the way):

ipsus eam rem secum reputavit viā,

Ter. And. 2, 6, 11:

viā et arte dicere,

Cic. Brut. 12, 46. —

Viam perficere, i. e. to attain an end, Just. Inst. proöem. 1.

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