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21 hardscrabble
['hɑːdˌskræb(ə)l]прил.1) достающийся с трудом, изматывающий, тяжёлыйThey led hardscrabble lives. — Им приходилось несладко.
Most inhabitants scratched out a living from hardscrabble farming. (Ron Chernow, Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr.) — Местные жители, в основном, добывали свой хлеб тяжёлым сельским трудом. (Рон Черноу. "Титан: жизнь сэра Джона Рокфеллера")
Syn:2) малопроизводительный, малоплодородный; скудный, бедныйThey are prostitutes, girls from the hardscrabble provinces who have come to sell sex in the moneyed capital. — Они – проститутки, девушки из нищей провинции, приехавшие торговать своим телом в богатую столицу.
I remember it being green and humid, nothing like this hardscrabble land. (Elmore Leonard, Cuba Libre) — Я помню эту страну зелёной, омытой дождями, а не такой, как сейчас, бедной и бесплодной. (Элмор Леонард. "Свободная Куба")
Syn: -
22 Bafta
BAFTA (derived from a Persian word signifying " woven ")Term used in the United Provinces. A lower grade of silk brocade or Kimkhwab made with a raw silk warp and cotton weft. The figures are developed in the silk yarn instead of with gold thread. This term is also given to a plain cloth made from mixture yams of cotton and silk. Manufactured on hand looms in Bankura, Dacca, and Bhagalpur. It is continuously worn as a wrapper by the natives. The term was originally applied to a fine muslin of Western India. -
23 Indian Wool
Much of the wool classed as East Indian is collected from the adjacent countries. Indian wools are mostly sent to Liverpool, where they are sold by auction every two months. All contain much grey hair. Joria is the finest type. The best sort gives a springy, full yam and cloth, but the lower sorts are coarse and burry. Kandahar are good carpet wools, used largely for native Indian carpet manufacture. Kelat, from Beluchistan, is inferior and shorter in staple than Kandahar. Pao Pathan is similar. Kashmir goat wool resembles poor sheep wool. Tibet wool is brought over the frontier, sold, and packed in Calcutta. This wool requires much sorting. The export has increased largely in recent years owing to the opening up of the country. The Punjab Government has bestowed some attention on the improvement of the indigenous breed of sheep, and merino rams are said to have fared well in two districts. The Civil Veterinary Department, Lucknow, United Provinces, concerns itself with the improvement of breeds. Bombay and Karachi are the principal ports of export for Indian wools. -
24 The Regeneration
(1851-71)An era of relative economic progress and political stability during the third quarter of the 19th century. The Regeneration followed a period of intense political instability and uncertainty (1807-51), with invasions, wars, and civil wars, and represented the inception of modern economic and industrial development in Portugal. In terms of administrative continuity and governmental stability and accomplishment, the Regeneration was the most hopeful era of the constitutional monarchy (1834-1910). It began in 1851, with a military revolt led by the Duke of Saldanha, one of the conquerors and victors of the Patuleia revolt and civil war (1846-47) and was supported by various groups and factions that desired civic peace, order, and economic improvement.Of the Regeneration leaders, Fontes Pereira de Melo became the major personality and mastermind of this era, which witnessed the beginnings of Portugal's main railroad and road system, as well as the initiation of modern industrial and commercial activities. The Regeneration affected the economies of the Lisbon and Oporto regions more than the provinces, but the rural areas also benefited from the changes that came from the new economic activities. -
25 сигнал
муж.
1) signal;
alarm;
call сигнал воздушной тревоги ≈ air-raid alarm/signal сигналы точного времени ≈ time-signals автоматический пожарный сигнал ≈ fire-alarm световой сигнал ≈ light signal сигнал бедствия ≈ signal of distress;
distress signal;
SOS signal/call пожарный сигнал ≈ fire-alarm давать сигнал ≈ give the signal сигнал 'путь закрыт' ≈ danger-signal ж.-д. сигнал тревоги
2) (сообщение о чем-л. нежелательном) notification, warningм.
1. (условный знак) signal (тж. перен.) ;
~ автоматического управления тех. keying signal;
~ бедствия distress signal;
~ воздушной тревоги air-raid alert/warning;
~ обратной связи feedback signal;
~ы точного времени time signals;
дорожные ~ы traffic signals;
световой ~ light signal;
дать ~ signal;
(звуковой) ~ sound one`s horn;
2. (сообщение) notification, warning;
прислушиваться к ~ам с мест pay* attention to notifications from the provinces. -
26 interior
in'tiəriə
1. adjective(on, of etc, the inside of (something): the interior walls of a building.) interior
2. noun1) (the inside of a building etc: The interior of the house was very attractive.) interior2) (the part of a country away from the coast, borders etc: The explorers landed on the coast, and then travelled into the interior.) interior•- interior decorator
interior adj n interior
interior adjetivo ‹habitación/piso› with windows facing onto a central staircase or patio◊ en la parte interior inside o on the inside■ sustantivo masculino 1 ( de edificio) interior, inside; ( de un país) interior;c) ( de una persona):allá en su interior la amaba deep down he really loved her 2◊ Interior sustantivo masculino (period) ( Ministerio del Interior) Ministry of the Interior, ≈ Department of the Interior ( in US), ≈ Home Office ( in UK)3◊ interiores sustantivo masculino plural (Col, Ven) (Indum) underwear
interior
I adjetivo
1 inner, inside, interior: es un piso interior, the flat doesn't overlook the street
ropa interior, underwear
2 (espiritual) inward, interior
monólogo interior, interior monologue
3 Pol domestic, internal
comercio interior, inland o domestic trade
4 Geography inland
II sustantivo masculino
1 inside, interior figurado en mi interior estaba arrepentida, deep down I was sorry
2 Geography interior
3 Pol Ministerio del Interior, Home Office, US Department of the Interior ➣ Ver nota en ministerio 4 Cine (usu pl) están rodando interiores, they are filming interiors ' interior' also found in these entries: Spanish: adentro - baldosa - camiseta - chimenea - combinación - comercio - corral - decoración - decorador - decoradora - dentro - destripar - faja - fondo - forrar - forro - homóloga - homólogo - iluminación - interiorismo - interiorista - lencería - linterna - ministerio - ministra - ministro - nacional - PIB - prenda - producto - revocar - ropa - seno - vacía - vacío - corpiño - enagua - franela - galería - planta - política - relleno - retrovisor - secretario - slip English: affair - bodice - brassiere - corner - design - emptiness - GDP - gut - home - Home Secretary - inboard - indoor - inland - inner - inside - interior - internal - inward - offshore - passage - passageway - shadow cabinet - slip - small - sparsely - stream - trade - underclothes - underwear - unspoken - wall - within - house - ledge - out - pith - quadrangle - revamp - undertr[ɪn'tɪərɪəSMALLr/SMALL]1 interior1 interior nombre masculino, parte nombre femenino interior1 (inland) el interior\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLDepartment of the Interior SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL Ministerio del Interiorinterior decorator decorador nombre masulino o femeninointerior design interiorismointerior designer interiorista nombre masulino o femeninoMinister of the Interior SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL Ministro del Interiorinterior [ɪn'tɪriər] adj: interiorinterior n: interior madj.• interior adj.n.• interior s.m.
I ɪn'tɪriər, ɪn'tɪəriə(r)1)a) ( of building) interior mb) ( Art) (escena f or cuadro m de) interior mc) ( Cin) interior m2)a) ( Geog)b) ( Govt)the Ministry/Department of the Interior — el Ministerio/Departamento del Interior
II
1)b) ( mental) interior2) ( inland) del interior[ɪn'tɪǝrɪǝ(r)]1. ADJ1) (=inside) [door, wall, decor] interior2) (Geog) (=central) interior3) (Pol) (=domestic) [affairs] interno; [minister, department] del interior2. N1) (=inside) [of building, container, car] interior m2) (Geog) (=centre)the interior — el interior (of de)
3) (Pol) (in titles)Minister of the Interior — Ministro(-a) m / f del Interior
Ministry of the Interior — Ministerio m del Interior, Secretaría f de Gobernación (Mex)
3.CPDinterior angle N — (Math) ángulo m interno
interior decorator N — interiorista mf
interior design N — interiorismo m, decoración f de interiores
interior designer N — interiorista mf
interior light N — (in car) luz f de dentro
interior sprung mattress N — colchón m de muelles
* * *
I [ɪn'tɪriər, ɪn'tɪəriə(r)]1)a) ( of building) interior mb) ( Art) (escena f or cuadro m de) interior mc) ( Cin) interior m2)a) ( Geog)b) ( Govt)the Ministry/Department of the Interior — el Ministerio/Departamento del Interior
II
1)b) ( mental) interior2) ( inland) del interior -
27 provinciano
provinciano
◊ -na adjetivo■ sustantivo masculino, femeninoa) ( de provincias):
provinciano,-a adjetivo & sustantivo masculino y femenino provincial: ¡qué provinciano eres a veces!, you can be so provincial sometimes! ' provinciano' also found in these entries: Spanish: provinciana English: provincial - parochial -
28 give smb. a bone to pick
"бросить кость кому-л.", т. е. избавиться от кого-л., предоставив ему более выгодную работу ( о противнике или слишком яром стороннике)He was so troublesome that it was decided to give him a bone to pick somewhere in the provinces far away from London. — Он причинял всем столько неприятностей, что было решено отделаться от него, дав ему выгодную работу подальше от Лондона.
-
29 Dhurries
Cotton carpet or rugs made flat, that is without pile, from hand-spun yarns, coarse and stout. The warp is formed by twisting together, on the hand wheel, four strands of ordinary undyed yarn. The weft is formed by merely winding together four strands on the " teri " (a long piece of wood on which the weft thread is wound lengthwise, and which serves the purpose of a shuttle). The weft is coloured and produces the design as well as colour of the fabric. They are made in many designs, colours and sizes, particularly in the United Provinces, the Madras Presidency, Bihar, the Bombay Presidency and the Bahawalpur State. It is a popular jail industry in nearly every province in India. Known as " Daris " when woven in a twill weave for use as a tent cloth. -
30 Khahua
A coarse dyed cloth of close texture, made in the United Provinces of India on hand looms from cotton yarns. -
31 Kismess
Cotton cloth woven in the Central Provinces, India, from Indian cotton and on hand looms. It is a coarse plain weave fabric. -
32 Viriatus
Ancient hero who led Lusitanian resistance against Roman rule from about 154 to 135 BCE. In Roman-ruled Hispania or Iberia, Lusitania was one of the westernmost provinces. Viriatus was a hunter and shepherd who lived in the mountainous areas of Lusitania between the Tagus and Douro Rivers. A ferocious fighter and fearless leader, Viriatus successfully held off Roman occupation by repeatedly defeating Roman forces for years. Betrayed by friends who sold out to the Romans, Viriatus was murdered while he slept. In Portuguese tradition, Viriatus became a mythic figure, a symbol of Portuguese resistance to foreign threats. Under the Estado Novo, his name and example were invoked to promote loyalty to the government and national independence. "The Legion of Viriatus" was the name the regime gave to its corps of so-called volunteer soldiers who fought for Generalissimo Francisco Franco's Nationalists in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39). -
33 Field, Joshua
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 1786 Hackney, London, Englandd. 11 August 1863 Balham Hill, Surrey, England[br]English mechanical engineer, co-founder of the Institution of Civil Engineers.[br]Joshua Field was educated at a boarding school in Essex until the age of 16, when he obtained employment at the Royal Dockyards at Portsmouth under the Chief Mechanical Superintendent, Simon Goodrich (1773–1847), and later in the drawing office at the Admiralty in Whitehall. At this time, machinery for the manufacture of ships' blocks was being made for the Admiralty by Henry Maudslay, who was in need of a competent draughtsman, and Goodrich recommended Joshua Field. This was the beginning of Field's long association with Maudslay; he later became a partner in the firm which was for many years known as Maudslay, Sons \& Field. They undertook a variety of mechanical engineering work but were renowned for marine steam engines, with Field being responsible for much of the design work in the early years. Joshua Field was the eldest of the eight young men who in 1818 founded the Institution of Civil Engineers; he was the first Chairman of the Institution and later became a vice-president. He was the only one of the founders to be elected President and was the first mechanical engineer to hold that office. James Nasmyth in his autobiography relates that Joshua Field kept a methodical account of his technical discussions in a series of note books which were later indexed. Some of these diaries have survived, and extracts from the notes he made on a tour of the industrial areas of the Midlands and the North West in 1821 have been published.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1836. President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1848–9. Member, Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers 1835; President 1848.Bibliography1925–6, "Joshua Field's diary of a tour in 1821 through the Midlands", introd. and notes J.W.Hall, Transactions of the Newcomen Society 6:1–41.1932–3, "Joshua Field's diary of a tour in 1821 through the provinces", introd. and notes E.C. Smith, Transactions of the Newcomen Society 13:15–50.RTS
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