Перевод: с греческого на английский

с английского на греческий

picture+and+picture

  • 1 γράμμα

    γράμμα, ατος, τό, [dialect] Dor. [full] γράθμα, prob. in IG4.506 (Heraeum, vi/v B. C.), cf. An.Ox.1.102, but [full] γράσσμα, IG4.554 (Argos, v B. C.): late [dialect] Aeol. pl. [full] γρόππατα, Epigr.Gr.990.11 ([place name] Balbilla): ([etym.] γράφω):—
    A that which is drawn: pl., lines of a drawing, picture, etc., E. Ion 1146 (of tapestry), Theoc.15.81; picture,

    Ἀπέλλεω γ. Herod.4.73

    , cf. AP 6.352 ([place name] Erinna): sg., drawing, picture, Pl.R. 472d, Cra. 430e, cf. 431c: pl., figures in a picture, Procop.Gaz.Ecphr.p.157B.
    II written character, letter, Hdt.1.139, 148, etc.: in pl., letters, characters,

    γραμμάτων τε συνθέσεις A.Pr. 460

    ;

    πηλίκοις γ. Ep.Gal.6.11

    ; the letters, the alphabet, Hdt.5.58;

    τὰ γ. καὶ τὰς συλλαβάς Pl.Cra. 390e

    ;

    γ. Φοινίκια S.Fr. 514

    ; Ἀσσύρια, Ἑλληνικά, Hdt.4.87;

    γράμματα ἐπίστασθαι Pl.Lg. 689d

    ; μαθεῖν to have learnt to read, Id.Prt. 325e;

    γ. μὴ εἰδέναι SIG2844.6

    ; ἐδίδασκες γράμματα, ἐγὼ δ' ἐφοίτων you kept school—I went there, D.18.265;

    ἤτοι τέθνηκεν ἢ διδάσκει γ. Com.Adesp.20

    ;

    παιδεύειν γράμματα Arist.Pol. 1337b24

    ; τέχνη ἡμῶν γ. our profession is that of the scribe, PTeb.316.16 (i A. D.).
    b articulate sound, letter, Pl.Phlb. 18c;

    τὰ γ. πάθη ἐστὶ τῆς φωνῆς Arist.Pr. 895a12

    ; γράμματα φθέγγεσθαι ib.8, cf. PA 660a5.
    c παρὰ γράμμα λέγοντα.. σκοπεῖν etymologically, Id.MM 1185b39; τὰ παρὰ γ. σκώμματα puns, Id.Rh. 1412a28; but ἀρετὴν παρὰ γ. διώκοντες, with ref. to Νικαρέτη, the mistress of Stilpo, Crates Theb.1.
    d inscription,

    τὸ Δελφικὸν γ. Pl.Phdr. 229e

    , cf. Chrm. 164d, X.Mem.4.2.24, etc., IG 2.2876, al.: prov.,

    εἰς πέλαγος.. γράμματα γράψαι Epigr.Gr.1038.8

     ([place name] Attalia).
    2 in pl., notes in music, AP11.78 (Lucill.).
    3 mathematical diagram, Epigr. ap. D.L.8.12.
    4 letter inscribed on the lots which the δικασταί drew, Ar.Pl. 277, al., Arist.Ath.64.4; practically, = division of dicasts,

    ἐν ὁποίῳ γ. δειπνεῖ Ar.Ec. 683

    ; ἁ κατὰ γράμμα φυλακά the roster of guards, SIG569.21 (Cos, iii B. C.).
    b quarters of a town, PRein.49.2; accent, EM240.42, Zonar.
    5 a small weight, 1/24 ounce, scruple, Androm. ap. Gal.13.114, Gp.7.13.2, PLips. 62 ii 27 (iv A. D.).
    III in pl., set of written characters, piece of writing, Hdt.1.124: hence, letter, Id.5.14, IG22.103.8, etc.;

    γραμμάτων πτυχαί S.Fr. 144

    , cf. E.IT 594, al., Pl.Ep. 347c; inscription, epitaph, etc.,

    ἐκόλαψε ἐς τὸν τάφον γράμματα λέγοντα τάδε Hdt. 1.187

    , cf. 4.91, And.3.12, Theoc.18.47, IG3.751.
    2 papers, documents, Antipho 1.30, D.36.21, etc. (sg., D.Chr.65.14); τούτων τὰ γ. the documents to prove this, Lys.32.14;

    τὰ γ. τῆς δίκης Ar.Nu. 772

    ; τὰ δημόσια γ. the public records, Decr. ap. D.18.55; title-deeds, D.C.65.14; account of loans, D.49.59;

    ἐπικαρπίαν ἐν γράμμασιν ἀποφέρειν Pl. Lg. 955d

    ; contract or estimate, BCH46.323 ([place name] Teos); catalogue, X.Cyr.7.4.12: in sg., bond, Ev. Luc.16.7; note of hand, J.AJ18.6.3.
    3 a man's writings, i.e. book, treatise,

    τὰ τοῦ Ζήνωνος γ. Pl.Prm. 127c

     (but sg., ib. 128a): pl., books, X.Mem.4.2.1;

    Πλάτωνος τὸ περὶ ψυχῆς γ. Call.Epigr.25

    , cf. AP9.63 (Asclep.), Gal.18(2).928; τὰ ἱερὰ γ. the Holy Scriptures, OGI56.36 (iii B. C.), Ph.2.574, 2 Ep.Ti.3.15, J.Ap.1.10; ἱερὰ γ., = Imperial rescripts, IG12(5).132 (Paros, iii A. D.); = hieroglyphics, OGI90.54 (Rosetta, ii B. C.): in sg., the Law of Moses, Ep.Rom.2.27, al.; opp. πνεῦμα, ib.29: sg., article of a treaty, Th. 5.29.
    4 laws or rules, Pl.R. 425b, Plt. 292a, al., Ar.Ec. 1050; κατὰ γράμματα ἄρχειν, opp. ἄνευ γραμμάτων, Pl.Plt. 293a;

    ἡ κατὰ γ. καὶ νόμους πολιτεία Arist.Pol. 1286a15

    , cf. 1272a38: οἱ κατὰ γ. νόμοι, opp. οἱ κατὰ τὰ ἔθη, ib. 1287b5, cf. Pl.Plt. 299d;

    κατὰ γράμματα ἰατρεύεσθαι Arist.Pol. 1287a34

    ; ἡ ἐκ τῶν γ. θεραπεία ib.40.
    IV in pl., also, letters, learning,

    ἀπείρους γραμμάτων Pl.Ap. 26d

    , etc.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γράμμα

  • 2 πρῶτος

    πρῶτος, η, ον (Hom.+; loanw. in rabb.).
    ① pert. to being first in a sequence, inclusive of time, set (number), or space, first of several, but also when only two persons or things are involved (=πρότερος; exx. in Hdb. on J 1:15; Rdm.2 71f; Thackeray 183; s. also Mlt. 79; 245; B-D-F §62; Rob. 516; 662; and s. Mt 21:31 v.l.).
    ⓐ of time first, earliest, earlier
    α. as adj. ἀπὸ τῆς πρώτης ἡμέρας ἄχρι τοῦ νῦν Phil 1:5; cp. Ac 20:18 (on the absence of the art. [also Phil 1:5 v.l.] s. B-D-F §256; Rob. 793). ἡ πρώτη ἀπολογία 2 Ti 4:16 (MMeinertz, Worauf bezieht sich die πρώτη ἀπολογία 2 Ti 4:16?: Biblica 4, 1923, 390–94). ἡ πρ. διαθήκη Hb 9:15. τὰ πρῶτα ἔργα Rv 2:5. ἡ ἀνάστασις ἡ πρώτη 20:5f. ἡ πρώτη ὅρασις Hv 3, 10, 3; 3, 11, 2; 4. ἡ ἐκκλησία ἡ πρ. 2 Cl 14:1.—Subst. τὰ πρ. … τὰ ἔσχατα (Job 8:7): γίνεται τὰ ἔσχατα χείρονα τῶν πρώτων Mt 12:45; cp. Lk 11:26; 2 Pt 2:20; Hv 1, 4, 2. οἱ πρῶτοι (those who came earlier, as Artem. 2, 9 p. 93, 19 those who appeared earlier) Mt 20:10; cp. vs. 8. ἀπέστειλεν ἄλλους δούλους πλείονας τῶν πρώτων 21:36. Cp. 27:64. πρῶτος ἐξ ἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν the first to rise from the dead Ac 26:23. ὁ πρῶτος the first one J 5:4; 1 Cor 14:30. On the self-designation of the Risen Lord ὁ πρ. καὶ ὁ ἔσχατος Rv 1:17; 2:8; 22:13; s. ἔσχατος 2b (πρ. of God: Is 44:6; 48:12).—As a predicate adj., where an adv. can be used in English (ParJer 1:8 εἰ μὴ ἐγὼ πρῶτος ἀνοίξω τὰς πύλας; B-D-F §243; Rob. 657), as the first one = first ἦλθεν πρῶτος he was the first one to come = he came first J 20:4; cp. vs. 8. πρῶτος Μωϋσῆς λέγει Ro 10:19. Ἀβραὰμ πρῶτος περιτομὴν δούς Abraham was the first to practice circumcision B 9:7. οἱ ἄγγελοι οἱ πρῶτοι κτισθέντες the angels who were created first Hv 3, 4, 1; Hs 5, 5, 3.—1 Ti 2:13; 1J 4:19; AcPlCor 2:9.—ἐν ἐμοὶ πρώτῳ in me as the first 1 Ti 1:16.—Used w. a gen. of comparison (Ocelus Luc. 3 ἐκεῖνο πρῶτον τοῦ παντός ἐστιν=prior to the All; Manetho 1, 329; Athen. 14, 28 p. 630c codd.) πρῶτός μου ἦν he was earlier than I = before me J 1:15, 30 (PGM 13, 543 σοῦ πρῶτός εἰμι.—Also Ep. 12 of Apollonius of Tyana: Philostrat. I p. 348, 30 τὸ τῇ τάξει δεύτερον οὐδέποτε τῇ φύσει πρῶτον). So perh. also ἐμὲ πρῶτον ὑμῶν μεμίσηκεν 15:18 (s. β below) and πάντων πρώτη ἐκτίσθη Hv 2, 4, 1.—As a rule the later element is of the same general nature as the one that precedes it. But it can also be someth. quite different, even its exact opposite: τὴν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν 1 Ti 5:12. τὴν ἀγάπην σου τὴν πρώτην ἀφῆκες Rv 2:4.—Used elliptically ἡ πρώτη (i.e. ἡμέρα sim. Polyb. 5, 19, 1; 18, 27, 2 τῇ πρώτῃ) τῶν ἀζύμων Mt 26:17. πρώτῃ σαββάτου on the first day of the week Mk 16:9. In some of the passages mentioned above the idea of sequence could be predom.
    β. the neuter πρῶτον as adv., of time first, in the first place, before, earlier, to begin with (Peripl. Eryth. 4; Chariton 8, 2, 4; ApcEsdr 3:11; Just., D. 2, 4) πρῶτον πάντων first of all Hv 5:5a. ἐπίτρεψόν μοι πρῶτον ἀπελθεῖν καὶ θάψαι let me first go and bury Mt 8:21. συλλέξατε πρῶτον τὰ ζιζάνια gather the weeds first 13:30. Cp. 17:10, 11 v.l.; Mk 7:27; 9:11f; 13:10; Lk 9:59, 61; 12:1 ( first Jesus speaks to his disciples, and only then [vs. 15] to the people. If one prefers to take πρ. w. what follows, as is poss., it has mng. 2a); 14:28, 31; J 7:51; 18:13; Ac 26:20; Ro 15:24 al. in NT; B 15:7; Hv 3, 1, 8; 3, 6, 7; 3, 8, 11; 5:5b. τότε πρῶτον then for the first time Ac 11:26 D. πρῶτον … καὶ τότε first … and then (Sir 11:7; Jos., Ant. 13, 187) Mt 5:24; 7:5; 12:29; Mk 3:27; Lk 6:42; IEph 7:2. τότε is correlative w. πρῶτον without καί J 2:10 v.l. Likew. πρῶτον … εἶτα (εἶτεν) first … then (Just., D. 33, 2 al.; s. εἶτα 1) Mk 4:28; 1 Ti 3:10; B 6:17. πρῶτον … ἔπειτα (ἔπειτα 2) 1 Cor 15:46; 1 Th 4:16. πρῶτον … μετὰ ταῦτα Mk 16:9, s. vs. 12. πρῶτον … εἶτα … μετὰ ταῦτα 1 Cl 23:4; 2 Cl 11:3 (in both cases the same prophetic saying of unknown origin). πρῶτον … ἐν τῷ δευτέρῳ Ac 7:12.—Pleonastically πρῶτον πρὸ τοῦ ἀρίστου Lk 11:38.—W. gen. (Chariton 5, 4, 9 cod. πρῶτον τ. λόγων=before it comes to words) ἐμὲ πρῶτον ὑμῶν μεμίσηκεν it hated me before ( it hated) you J 15:18 (but s. 1aα).—W. the art. τὸ πρῶτον (Hom. et al.; Jos., Ant. 8, 402; 14, 205) the first time J 10:40; 19:39; at first (Diod S 1, 85, 2; Jos., Ant. 2, 340) 12:16; 2 Cl 9:5. τὰ πρῶτα (Hom. et al.; Appian, Syr. 15 §64; Ps.-Phoc. 8) the first time, at first MPol 8:2.
    ⓑ of number or sequence (the area within which this sense is valid cannot be marked off w. certainty from the area 1aα)
    α. as adj. Mt 21:28; 22:25; Mk 12:20; Lk 14:18; 16:5; 19:16; 20:29; J 19:32; Ac 12:10; 13:33 v.l.; Rv 4:7; 8:7; 21:19; Hs 9, 1, 5. τὸ πρῶτον … τὸ δεύτερον (Alex. Aphr., An. p. 28, 9 Br.) Hb 10:9. On πρώτης τῆς μερίδος Μακεδονίας πόλις Ac 16:12 s. μερίς 1 and RAscough, NTS 44, ’98, 93–103.—Since πρῶτος can stand for πρότερος (s. 1 at beg.; also Mlt-Turner 32), it by no means follows from τὸν μὲν πρῶτον λόγον Ac 1:1 that the writer of Luke and of Ac must have planned to write a third book (Zahn, NKZ 28, 1917, 373ff, Comm. 1919, 16ff holds that he planned to write a third volume; against this view s. EGoodspeed, Introd. to the NT ’37, 189; Haenchen, et al.—Athenaeus 15, 701c mentions the first of Clearchus’ two books on proverbs with the words ἐν τῷ προτέρῳ περὶ παροιμιῶν, but 10, 457c with ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ περὶ παροιμιῶν. Diod S 1, 42, 1 the first half of a two-part work is called ἡ πρώτη βίβλος and 3, 1, 1 mentions a division into πρώτη and δευτέρα βίβ. In 13, 103, 3 the designation for the first of two works varies between ἡ πρώτη σύνταξις and ἡ προτέρα ς. See Haenchen on Ac 1:1).—πρῶτος is also used without any thought that the series must continue: τὸν πρῶτον ἰχθύν the very first fish Mt 17:27. αὕτη ἀπογραφὴ πρώτη ἐγένετο Lk 2:2, likewise, does not look forward in the direction of additional censuses, but back to a time when there were none at all (Ael. Aristid. 13 p. 227 D. παράκλησις αὕτη [=challenge to a sea-fight] πρώτη ἐγένετο; for interpolation theory s. JWinandy, RB 104, ’97, 372–77; cp. BPearson, CBQ, ’99, 262--82).—τὰ τείχη τὰ πρῶτα Hs 8, 6, 6 does not contrast the ‘first walls’ w. other walls; rather it distinguishes the only walls in the picture (Hs 8, 7, 3; 8, 8, 3) as one edifice, from the tower as the other edifice.
    β. adv., the neuter πρῶτον of sequence in enumerations (not always clearly distinguished fr. sense 1aβ) first πρῶτον ἀποστόλους, δεύτερον προφήτας, τρίτον … 1 Cor 12:28 (Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 20 II, 10ff [II A.D.] τὸ πρ. … τὸ δεύτερον … τὸ τρίτον. Without the art. 480, 12ff [II A.D.]; Diod S 36, 7, 3; Tat. 40, 1). See Hb 7:2; Js 3:17.—Not infrequently Paul begins w. πρῶτον μέν without continuing the series, at least in form (B-D-F §447, 4; Rob. 1152. For πρ. without continuation s. Plat., Ep. 7, 337b, Plut., Mor. 87b; Jos., Ant. 1, 182; Ath. 27, 1 πρῶτα μέν) Ro 1:8; 3:2; 1 Cor 11:18. S. also 2 Cl 3:1.
    ⓒ of space outer, anterior σκηνὴ ἡ πρώτη the outer tent, i.e. the holy place Hb 9:2; cp. vss. 6, 8.
    ② pert. to prominence, first, foremost, most important, most prominent
    ⓐ adj.
    α. of things (Ocellus [II B.C.] 56 Harder [1926] πρώτη κ. μεγίστη φυλακή; Ael. Aristid. 23, 43 K.=42 p. 783 D.: πόλεις; Ezk 27:22; PsSol 17:43; χρυσίον τὸ πρῶτον τίμιον; JosAs 15:10) ἡ μεγάλη καὶ πρώτη ἐντολή Mt 22:38; cp. Mk 12:29. ἐντολὴ πρώτη πάντων vs. 28 (OLehmann, TU 73, ’59, 557–61 [rabb.]; CBurchard, ZNW 61, ’70, cites JosAs 15:10; 18:5). Without superl. force ἐντολὴ πρώτη ἐν ἐπαγγελίᾳ a commandment of great importance, with a promise attached Eph 6:2 (the usual transl. ‘first commandment w. a promise’ [NRSV, REB et al.] loses sight of the fact that Ex 20:4–6=Dt 5:8–10 has an implied promise of the same kind as the one in Ex 20:12=Dt 5:16. πρ. here is best taken in the same sense as in Mk 12:29 above). στολὴν τὴν πρώτην the special robe Lk 15:22 (JosAs 15:10).—ἐν πρώτοις among the first = most important things, i.e. as of first importance 1 Cor 15:3 (Pla., Pol. 522c ὸ̔ καὶ παντὶ ἐν πρώτοις ἀνάγκη μανθάνειν; Epict., Ench. 20; Mitt-Wilck I/2, 14 II, 9 ἐν πρώτοις ἐρωτῶ σε; Josh 9:2d).
    β. of persons (Dio Chrys. 19 [36], 35 πρ. καὶ μέγιστος θεός; TestAbr B 4 p. 108, 18 [Stone p. 64]; ApcSed 5:2; Jos., Ant. 15, 398; Just., A I, 60, 5 al. τὸν πρῶτον θεόν) ὸ̔ς ἂν θέλῃ ἐν ὑμῖν εἶναι πρῶτος whoever wishes to be the first among you Mt 20:27; Mk 10:44; cp. 9:35. πρῶτος Σίμων Mt 10:2 is not meant to indicate the position of Simon in the list, since no other numbers follow, but to single him out as the most prominent of the twelve. W. gen. ὧν (=τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν) πρῶτός εἰμι 1 Ti 1:15. Pl. (οἱ) πρῶτοι in contrast to (οἱ) ἔσχατοι Mt 19:30; 20:16; Mk 9:35; 10:31; Lk 13:30; Ox 654, 25f (cp. GTh 4; sim. Sallust. 9 p. 16, 21f τοῖς ἐσχάτοις … τοῖς πρώτοις; s. ἔσχατος 2).—αἱ πρώται prominent women (in the phrase γυναικῶν τε τῶν πρώτων οὐκ ὀλίγαι) Ac 17:4 (s. New Docs 1, 72). οἱ πρῶτοι the most prominent men, the leading men w. gen. of place (Jos., Ant. 7, 230 τῆς χώρας) οἱ πρ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας Mk 6:21; cp. Ac 13:50 (in phrasing sim. to πολλὰς μὲν γυναῖκας εὐγενεῖς καὶ τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν ἤισχυναν=‘they dishonored many well-born women as well as men of high station’ Theopomp.: 115 Fgm. 121 Jac. p. 563, 33f), or of a group (Strabo 13, 2, 3 οἱ πρ. τῶν φίλων; Jos., Ant. 20, 180) οἱ πρ. τοῦ λαοῦ (Jos., Ant. 11, 141) Lk 19:47; cp. Ac 25:2; 28:17. On ὁ πρῶτος τῆς νήσου vs. 7 (πρῶτος Μελιταίων IGR I, 512=IG XIV, 601; cp. CB I/2, 642 no. 535 ὁ πρῶτος ἐν τῇ πόλει; p. 660 no. 616; SEG XLI, 1345, 14f; cp. CIL X, 7495, 1; s. Hemer, Acts 153, n. 152; Warnecke, Romfahrt 119ff) s. Πόπλιος.
    ⓑ adv. πρῶτον of degree in the first place, above all, especially (Jos., Ant. 10, 213) ζητεῖτε πρῶτον τὴν βασιλείαν Mt 6:33. Ἰουδαίῳ τε πρῶτον καὶ Ἕλληνι Ro 1:16; cp. 2:9f.—Ac 3:26; 2 Pt 1:20; 3:3. Of the Macedonian Christians ἑαυτοὺς ἔδωκαν πρῶτον τῷ κυρίῳ καὶ ἡμῖν they gave themselves first of all to the Lord, and (then) to us 2 Cor 8:5. παρακαλῶ πρῶτον πάντων first of all I urge 1 Ti 2:1.—B. 939. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πρῶτος

  • 3 ὁδός

    ὁδός, οῦ, ἡ (Hom.+) gener. an established ‘way’ or ‘course’ such as a road or channel of a river.
    ① a way for traveling or moving from one place to another, way, road, highway, used by pers. or impers. entities: Mt 2:12; 21:8ab; Mk 11:8; Lk 3:5 (Is 40:4 v.l.); 19:36 al.; ἑτέρα ὁδ. Js 2:25. ἡ ὁδ. ἡ Καμπανή=Lat. Via Campana the Campanian Way Hv 4, 1, 2 (s. MDibelius, Hdb. ad loc.; Hülsen, Pauly-W. III 1434); described as ἡ ὁδ. ἡ δημοσία the public highway ibid. (s. δημόσιος 1). τὴν βασιλικήν AcPl Ant 13 (τὴν β. ὁδόν Aa I 237, 4). ἡ ὁδ. ἡ καταβαίνουσα ἀπὸ Ἰερουσαλὴμ εἰς Γάζαν Ac 8:26. παρέρχεσθαι διὰ τῆς ὁδ. pass by (a certain place) on the road Mt 8:28 (on διὰ τ. ὁδ. cp. Philo, Abr. 269; ParJer 3:21). πίπτειν εἰς τὴν ὁδ. fall on the road Hv 3, 7, 1a. ἔρχεσθαι εἰς τὴν ὁδ., μένειν ἐν τῇ ὁδ. v 3, 2, 9a. κυλίεσθαι ἐκ τῆς ὁδ. roll off the road 3, 2, 9b and 3, 7, 1b. Of a fig tree ἐπὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ by the roadside Mt 21:19. Of beggars καθῆσθαι παρὰ τὴν ὁδ. sit by the roadside 20:30; Mk 10:46; Lk 18:35 (Stephan. Byz. s.v. Εὔτρησις: κώμη … κεῖται παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν), but along the way also merits attention (cp. παρὰ τὰς ὁδούς Antig. Car. 29). Of seed that is sown πίπτειν παρὰ τὴν ὁδ. fall along the road (Dalman, PJ 22, 1926, 121ff) Mt 13:4; Mk 4:4; Lk 8:5; cp. Mt 13:19; Mk 4:15; Lk 8:12. ἐξέρχεσθαι εἰς τὰς ὁδ. go out into the streets Mt 22:10; Lk 14:23; for διεξόδους τῶν ὁδ. Mt 22:9 s. διέξοδος; καταβαίνειν ἐν τῇ ὁδ. go down the road Lk 10:31. πορεύεσθαι κατὰ τὴν ὁδ. go on along the highway Ac 8:36. AcPl Ant 13, 20 (sc. ὁδόν after AcPlTh 3=Aa I 237, 4). ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ ᾗ ἤρχου (by attraction for ἣν ἤρ.; X., An. 2, 2, 10) 9:17. ἑτοιμάζειν τὴν ὁδ. τινος prepare someone’s way Mt 3:3; Mk 1:3; Lk 3:4 (all after Is 40:3); cp. Lk 1:76 and for the pass. Rv 16:12. Also κατασκευάζειν τὴν ὁδ. τινος Mt 11:10; Mk 1:2; Lk 7:27. εὐθύνειν τὴν ὁδ. τινος J 1:23. κατευθύνειν τὴν ὁδ. τινος 1 Th 3:11 (PsSol 8:6).—W. obj. gen. to indicate direction (Gen 3:24) Mt 10:5 (s. 3a below); Hb 9:8.—The acc. ὁδόν, following the Hebr.דֶּרֶךְ, and contrary to customary Gk. usage (but single cases of ὁδός take on the functions of adverbs or prepositions in the Gk. language as well: cp. Diog. L. 7, 156; Synes., Providence 1, 8 ὁδῷ βαδίζειν=‘go straight forward’; Appian, Hann. 47 §201 ὁδὸν ἐλάσσονα by a shorter [or the shortest] way; Plut., Mor. 371c.—The nearest parallel to the NT usage cited below would be the report of Diog. L. 9, 8 concerning Heraclitus: τὴν μεταβολὴν ὁδὸν ἄνω κάτω γίνεσθαι, if it might be translated: ‘Change [in the universe] is accomplished in an upward and downward direction’.) is used as a prep. toward (Dt 11:30; 3 Km 8:48; 18:43 ὁδὸν τῆς θαλάσσης. Cp. B-D-F §161, 1) ὁδ. θαλάσσης toward the sea Mt 4:15 (Is 8:23 LXX, Aq., Sym.).—LCasson, Travel in the Ancient World ’74; OEANE IV 431–34.
    ② the action of traveling, way, trip, journey, transf. sense of 1 (Hes., Theogon. 754; X., Mem. 3, 13, 5; Herodian 2, 11, 1; JosAs 9:4 al.; Just., D. 85, 5) εἰς (τὴν) ὁδ. for the trip/journey (Jos., Ant. 12, 198) Mt 10:10; Mk 6:8; Lk 9:3; on the way Mk 10:17. ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ on the way (Gen 45:24; Jos., Ant. 6, 55; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 10, 2, end) Mt 15:32; 20:17; Mk 8:3, 27; 9:33f; 10:52; Lk 9:57; 12:58; 24:32; Ac 9:27. τὰ ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ what had happened to them on the way Lk 24:35. εἶναι ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ Mt 5:25; Mk 10:32. ἐξ ὁδοῦ from a trip (Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 91 §418; Damasc., Vi. Isid. 203 p. 138, 8 W.; Jos., Vi. 246; 248 ἐκ τ. ὁδοῦ) Lk 11:6. ἔκαμνον ἐκ τῆς ὁδοῦ GJs 15:1. κατὰ τὴν ὁδ. along the way (Arrian, Anab. 1, 26, 5; 3, 19, 3; PKöln VI, 245, 20 καθʼ ὁδόν ‘on my way’; Jos., Ant. 8, 404; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 10, 2) 10:4; Ac 25:3; 26:13. ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς ὁδοῦ halfway GJs 17:3. τ. ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ πορεύεσθαι go on his way Ac 8:39 (cp. X., Cyr. 5, 2, 22; TestAbr B 2 p. 106, 2 [Stone p. 60]). πορεύεσθαι τῇ ὁδῷ 1 Cl 12:4. ὁδὸν ποιεῖν make one’s way (Judg 17:8) Mk 2:23; s. ὁδοποιέω.—σαββάτου ὁδός a Sabbath day’s trip could also belong under 1; it signified the distance an Israelite might travel on the Sabbath, two thousand paces or cubits (=about 800 meters.—Mishnah: ˓Erubin 4, 3; 7; 5, 7; Origen, Princ. 4, 17; Schürer II 472f; 484f; Billerb. II 590–94; Moore, Judaism II 32) Ac 1:12. ἡμέρας ὁδός a day’s trip Lk 2:44 (Diod S 19, 17, 3; Appian, Samn. 1 §5; Polyaenus 7, 21, 1; Lucian, Syr. Dea 9; Procop., Aed. 6, 1, 12; cp. Hdt. 4, 101; X., Cyr. 1, 1, 3 παμπόλλων ἡμερῶν ὁδός; Ael. Aristid. 36, 87 K.=48 p. 473 D.: τριῶν ἡμ. ὁδ.; Gen 30:36; 31:23; Ex 3:18; Jdth 2:21; 1 Macc 5:24; 7:45; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 5 Jac.; Jos., Ant. 15, 293).
    ③ course of behavior, way, way of life, fig. ext. of 1 and 2, but oft. w. the picture prominently in mind (SibOr 3, 233; ὁδὸς τις γίνεται one finds a way (out) Did., Gen. 228, 7).
    ⓐ way εἰς ὁδ. ἐθνῶν μὴ ἀπέλθητε do not go in the way of the Gentiles i.e. do not turn to the Gentiles Mt 10:5 (but s. 1.—JJeremias, Jesu Verheissung für d. Völker, ’56). εὐρύχωρος ἡ ὁδ. ἡ ἀπάγουσα εἰς τὴν ἀπώλειαν 7:13 (Pla., Gorg. 524a τὼ ὁδώ, ἡ μὲν εἰς μακάρων νήσους, ἡ δʼ εἰς Τάρταρον). Also ἡ ὁδ. τῆς ἀπωλείας ApcPt 1:1; ἡ τοῦ μέλανος ὁδ. 20:1. ἡ τοῦ θανάτου ὁδ. (Herm. Wr. 1, 29) D 5:1. Cp. 1:1 (on this Jer 21:8; TestAsh 1:3, 5 ὁδοὶ δύο, καλοῦ κ. κακοῦ; SibOr 8, 399 ὁδοὶ δύο, ζωῆς θανάτου τε; Ael. Aristid. 30 p. 577 D.: δυοῖν ὁδοῖν τὴν μὲν … τὴν δέ.—The two ὁδοί of Heracles: X., Mem. 2, 1, 21ff; Maximus Tyr. 14, 1a; e; k). ὁδ. σκότους 5:4b. Description of the way B 20; D 5:1ff. τεθλιμμένη ἡ ὁδ. ἡ ἀπάγουσα εἰς τὴν ζωήν Mt 7:14 (TestAbr A 2 p. 88, 28 [Stone p. 4]). Also ἡ ὁδ. τῆς ζωῆς D 1:2. ἡ ὁδ. τοῦ φωτός 19:1. Description of the way B 19; D 1–4. ὁδ. εἰρήνης Lk 1:79; Ro 3:17 (Is 59:8; Ps 13:3). ὁδ. ζωῆς Ac 2:28 (Ps 15:11); cp. D 1:2 above. ὁδ. σωτηρίας Ac 16:17. ὁδ. πρόσφατος κ. ζῶσα Hb 10:20. ὁδ. δικαιοσύνης B 1:4; 5:4a (in these two pass. the imagery of ‘way’ is stronger than in Mt 21:32 and 2 Pt 2:21, on the latter two pass. s. below in b). Of love ὁδ. ἡ ἀναφέρουσα εἰς θεόν IEph 9:1 (cp. Orig., C. Cels. 1, 56, 6 [Christ as teacher of the ‘way’]). αὕτη ἡ ὁδ. ἐν ᾗ εὕρομεν τὸ σωτήριον ἡμῶν 1 Cl 36:1.—Christ calls himself ἡ ὁδ. (i.e., to God) J 14:6, cp. 4f (s. Orig., C. Cels. 6, 66, 28; cp. Iren. 1, 15, 2 [Harv. I 149, 6].—Hdb. and Bultmann [p. 466ff—Engl. 603ff w. other lit.]; JPascher, Η ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΗ ΟΔΟΣ; D. Königsweg. z. Wiedergeb. u. Vergottung b. Philon v. Alex. ’31).
    ⓑ way of life, way of acting, conduct (Did., Gen. 168, 8) (ἡ) ὁδ. (τῆς) δικαιοσύνης (Pr 21:16, 21; Job 24:13); En 99:10; Mt 21:32 (ἐν ὁδῷ δικ. [cp. Pr 8:20] denotes either the way of life practiced by the Baptist [Zahn; OHoltzmann] or the type of conduct he demanded [described in Just., D. 38, 2 as ἡ τοῦ βαπτίσματο ὁδ.; cp. HHoltzmann; BWeiss; JWeiss; EKlostermann; Schniewind]. S. JKleist, CBQ 8, ’46, 192–96); 2 Pt 2:21. τῇ ὁδ. αὐτοῦ ἐπλανήθη he went astray in his path (=‘in his conduct’) 1 Cl 16:6 (Is 53:6). ἐκ πλάνης ὁδοῦ αὐτοῦ from his misguided way of life Js 5:20. ἡ ὁδ. τῆς ἀληθείας (Ps 118:30) vs. 19 v.l. (cp. 2 Pt 2:2 in c below); 1 Cl 35:5. ἀφιέναι τὴν ὁδ. τὴν ἀληθινήν Hv 3, 7, 1. τῇ ὁδ. τοῦ Κάϊν πορεύεσθαι follow the way of Cain Jd 11. ὁδ. δικαίων, ἀσεβῶν 11:7 (Ps 1:6). (ἡ) ὁδ. (ἡ) δικαία (Jos., Ant. 13, 290) 12:4; 2 Cl 5:7. τὸ δίκαιον ὀρθὴν ὁδ. ἔχει the way of righteousness is a straight one Hm 6, 1, 2. τῇ ὀρθῇ ὁδ. πορεύεσθαι ibid.; cp. 6, 1, 4 (Just., D. 8, 2). Opp. ἡ στρεβλὴ ὁδ. the crooked way 6, 1, 3. θέωμεν τὴν ὁδ. τὴν εὐθεῖαν let us run the straight course 2 Cl 7:3; cp. 2 Pt 2:15. Of life in association w. polytheists αὕτη ἡ ὁδ. ἡδυτέρα αὐτοῖς ἐφαίνετο Hs 8, 9, 1. The basic mng. has disappeared to such a degree that one can speak of καρποὶ τῆς ὁδ. 1 Cl 57:6 (Pr 1:31) and ἔργα τῆς πονηρᾶς ὁδ. 4:10.—Pl. ways, of one’s total conduct Ac 14:16; Ro 3:16 (Is 59:7; Ps 13:3a; PsSol 6:2; 10:4 al.; ApcSed 15:5); Js 1:8; Hv 2, 2, 6. Esp. of the ways of God, referring either to the ways that God initiates: ὡς … ἀνεξιχνίαστοι αἱ ὁδ. αὐτοῦ how inscrutable are his ways Ro 11:33; δίκαιαι καὶ ἀληθιναὶ αἱ ὁδ. σου Rv 15:3; αἱ ὁδ. τῆς εὐλογίας the ways of blessing 1 Cl 31:1; or to the ways that humans should take: οὐκ ἔγνωσαν τὰς ὁδ. μου Hb 3:10 (Ps 94:10). διαστρέφειν τὰς ὁδοὺς τοῦ κυρίου Ac 13:10. διδάσκειν τὰς ὁδ. σου 1 Cl 18:13 (Ps 50:15). Likew. the sing. τὴν ὁδ. τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν ἀληθείᾳ διδάσκειν Mt 22:16; cp. Mk 12:14; Lk 20:21. ἀφιέναι τὴν ὁδ. τοῦ θεοῦ ApcPt 20:34. παρέβησαν ἐκ τῆς ὁδ. 1 Cl 53:2 (Ex 32:8).
    ⓒ of the whole way of life fr. a moral and spiritual viewpoint, the way, teaching in the most comprehensive sense (Lucian, Hermot. 46 ὁδ. of the doctrine of a philosophical school Just., D. 39, 2 ἀπολείποντας τήν ὁδ. τῆς πλάνης; 142, 3 διὰ ταύτης τῆς ὁδοῦ), and specif. of teaching and manner of life relating to Jesus Christ (SMcCasland, JBL 77, ’58, 222–30: Qumran parallels) κατὰ τὴν ὁδ. ἣν λέγουσιν αἵρεσιν according to the Way, which they call a (heterodox) sect Ac 24:14. ἐάν τινας εὕρῃ τῆς ὁδ. ὄντας if he should find people who belonged to the Way 9:2. ὁδ. κυρίου, θεοῦ of teaching relating to Jesus and God’s purpose 18:25f. κακολογεῖν τὴν ὁδ. ἐνώπιον τοῦ πλήθους 19:9. ταύτην τὴν ὁδ. διώκειν persecute this religion 22:4. ἐγένετο τάραχος περὶ τῆς ὁδ. there arose a disturbance concerning the Way 19:23. τὰ περὶ τῆς ὁδ. (the things) concerning the teaching 24:22. ἡ ὁδὸς τ. ἀληθείας of the true Christian teaching (in contrast to that of dissidents vs. 1) 2 Pt 2:2 (OdeSol 11:3). Of the way of love καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ὁδ. a far better way 1 Cor 12:31. ἡ ὁδ. τῆς δικαιοσύνης ApcPt 7:22; 13:28. Likew. the pl. (En 104:13 μαθεῖν ἐξ αὐτῶν [τ. βίβλων] πάσας τ. ὁδοὺς τῆς ἀληθείας) τὰς ὁδούς μου ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησου my Christian directives (i.e. instructions, teachings) 1 Cor 4:17.—OBecker, D. Bild des Weges u. verwandte Vorstellungen im frühgriech. Denken ’37; FNötscher, Gotteswege u. Menschenwege in d. Bibel u. in Qumran, ’58; ERepo, D. Weg als Selbstbezeichnung des Urchr., ’64 (but s. CBurchard, Der 13te Zeuge, ’70, 43, n. 10; JPathrapankal, Christianity as a ‘Way’ according to the Acts of the Apostles: Les Actes des Apôtres, Traditions, redaction, théologie, ed. JKremer ’79, 533–39 [reflects Is 40:3 and the emphasis on דרך in CD and 1QS: the ‘dynamism of Christianity’ is ‘Way of Life’]).—B. 717; 720. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ὁδός

  • 4 εἰκών

    εἰκών, - όνος
    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `representation, picture, resemblance'.
    Other forms: (Ion.-Att., Ϝεικόνα Cypr.), Ion. also εἰκώ, - οῦς f.
    Compounds: As 1. member a. o. in εἰκονολογία `speaking in pictures' (Pl.).
    Derivatives: Dimin. εἰκόνιον (hell.) and - ίδιον (late); εἰκονικός `picturing' (hell.), εἰκονώδης (gloss.). Denomin. verb ( ἐξ-)εἰκονίζω `imitate, describe in documents' (LXX, pap., Plu.; cf. Mayser Pap. 1: 3, 146) with εἰκόνισμα = εἰκών (S. Fr. 573; cf. Chantr. Form. 188), εἰκονισμός `picture, personal description' (pap., Plu.), εἰκονιστής name of an official, `registrator' (pap.).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1129] *u̯eik- `resemble'
    Etymology: Formation in - ών (Chantraine 159f.), as agent noun directly to ἔοικα (s. v.) with the same vocalisation as in εἰκώς, - ός, εἴκελος. - On the innovation εἰκώ s. Schwyzer 479 n. 4.
    Page in Frisk: 1,454-455

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > εἰκών

  • 5 ἅπτω

    ἅπτω 1 aor. ἧψα, ptc. ἅψας. Mid.: fut. ἅψομαι LXX; 1 aor. ἡψάμην; pf. 3 sg. ἧπται; ptc. ἡμμένος LXX. Pass.: fut. 3 sg. ἀφθήσεται Jer 31:9 B S (Hom.+).
    ① to cause illumination or burning to take place, light, kindle (Aeschyl., Hdt.; PGM 7, 543; POxy 1297, 4; 7; 13; LXX, Joseph.) λύχνον ἅ. (Herodas 8, 6; PAthen 60, 6; Epict. 1, 20, 19; Diog. L. 4, 66; 6, 41; TestSol 6:10 λύχνους; Philo, Gig. 33 [mid.]; Jos., Ant. 3, 199) Lk 8:16; 11:33; 15:8. ἅ. πῦρ kindle a fire (Eur., Hel. 503; Phalaris, Ep. 122, 2; Jdth 13:13; TestSol 7:5; Jos., Ant. 4, 55) Lk 22:55 v.l.; Ac 28:2. Pass. Mk 4:21 v.l. (cp. PGM 13, 683 λύχνους ἡμμένους).
    ② to make close contact, mid. w. gen. (Hom. et al.; En, PsSol, GrBar; Jos., Ant. 6, 308 al; Just., Ath.; Mel., P. 52, 383).
    ⓐ gener. touch, take hold of, hold τινός someone or someth. Lk 7:39; IRo 5:2. Dg 12:8. MPol 13:2. Hs 1:11; the sky by throwing a stone m 11:18.— Touch someone’s chest, spontaneously, of one who is speaking Hv 1, 4, 2; cp. 3, 1, 6. Cp. GHb 356, 39=ISm 3:2. ἅψαι τοῦ παιδίου take hold of the child GJs 20:3. Fig., take hold of τ. βασιλείας the Kingdom B 7:11.—JBauer, Agraphon 90 Resch: ZNW 62, ’71, 301–3.
    ⓑ cling to μή μου ἅπτου stop clinging to me! (s. BHaensler, BZ 11, 1913, 172–77; KKastner, ibid. 13, 1915, 344–53; KRösch, ibid. 14, 1917, 333–37; BViolet, ZNW 24, 1925, 78–80; FPerles, ibid. 25, 1926, 287; WCotter, ET 43, ’32, 45f; TNicklin, ibid. 51, ’39/40, 478; JMaiworm, ThGl ’38, 540–46) J 20:17 (Arrian, Anab. 6, 13, 3: Alexander is severely wounded in the chest by an arrow and his soldiers cannot believe that he is still alive. When he appears among them, recovered from his wound, they take hold [ἁπτόμενοι] of his hands, knees, and clothing in astonishment and delight).
    ⓒ freq. of touching as a means of conveying a blessing (divine working by a touch of the hand: Anton. Lib. 4, 7 Ἀπόλλων ἁψάμενος αὐτοῦ τῇ χειρὶ πέτρον ἐποίησεν; Ps.-Apollod. 2, 1, 3, 1 Zeus transforms by touching [ἅπτεσθαι]) Mk 10:13; Lk 18:15 (here perh. hold), esp. to bring about a healing (SIG 1169, 62). Gener. of touching persons who are ill Mt 8:3; 17:7; Mk 1:41; 8:22; Lk 5:13. ἅψαι αὐτῆς ἐκ τ. χειρῶν σου Mk 5:23 D. Esp. of touching parts of the body (SIG 1170, 23 ἥψατό μου τῆς δεξιᾶς χιρός) τ. γλώσσης (cp. Philo, De Prov. in Eus., PE 8, 14, 18) Mk 7:33. τ. ὀφθαλμῶν Mt 9:29; cp. 20:34; 8:15; Lk 22:51. Likew. τῆς σοροῦ touch the coffin, if the purpose was to raise the dead man, not simply to halt the bearers (cp. Aphrodite touching a chariot Pind., P. 9, 11) Lk 7:14. Of those who are ill, touching the healer Mk 3:10; 6:56; Lk 6:19; 8:45ff. Also of touching the clothes of the healer (cp. Athen. 5, 212f ἑκάστου σπεύδοντος κἂν προσάψασθαι τῆς ἐσθῆτος) ἅ. τ. ἱματίου touch his cloak Mt 9:21; Mk 5:27; 6:56. τ. ἱματίων 5:28, 30f. τ. κρασπέδου the hem or tassel Mt 9:20; 14:36; Lk 8:44.
    ③ to partake of someth., w. cultic implications, have contact with, touch. Of contact w. unclean things 2 Cor 6:17 (Num 16:26; Is 52:11). The abs. μὴ ἅψῃ you must not touch or handle Col 2:21 can be interpreted in this sense. On the other hand, ἅπτεσθαι can mean eat, like our ‘touch food’ (Od. 4, 60; Plut., Anton. 923 [17]; Chariton 6, 2, 8 οὐχ ἥπτετο τροφῆς; Arrian, Anab. 4, 9, 5 σίτου ἅπτεσθαι; Aelian, VH 12, 37 ἐπʼ ἀπορίᾳ τροφῶν ἥψατο τῶν καμήλων=he seized [and ate] the camels; Diog. L. 6, 73 κρεῶν; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 3, 27 p. 105, 9; Philo, Exs. 134; Jos., Ant. 4, 234; 8, 362; 13, 276; En 25:4f [tree of life, as in GrBar 4:8]). We would, then, have in this passage the anticlimax eat, taste, touch. Finally, θιγγάνω, like ἅπτ. and γεύομαι (q.v. 1) can mean eat (cp. Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 31, 191 κυάμων μὴ θιγγάνειν; 13, 61 γεύεσθαι=Porphyr., Vi. Pyth. 24 θιγγάνειν; POxy 1185, 10f [c. 200 A.D.], where three difft. expr. for ‘eat’ are grouped together: τὸν παῖδα δεῖ ἄρτον ἐσθίειν, ἅλας ἐπιτρώγειν, ὀψαρίου μὴ θιγγάνειν [eat, eat [with], not eat at all]). The combination ἐσθ., τρωγ., θιγγ. might corresp. to Col 2:21 ἅπτ., γεύ., θιγγ., taken to mean eat, enjoy, consume (ἅ. and γεύ. together, both=‘eat’ in Teles p. 34, 5). The verbs, perh. used in association w. var. foods (s. POxy 1185) by the false spirits, are effectively combined by Paul, in order to picture the feeling of dread which he castigates.
    ④ to touch intimately, have sexual contact, of intercourse w. a woman (Pla., Leg. 8, 840a; Aristot., Pol. 7, 14, 12 [1335b]; Plut., Alex. 676 [21, 9]; M. Ant. 1, 17, 13; Jos., Ant. 1, 163; Gen 20:6; Pr 6:29) γυναικὸς μὴ ἅ. 1 Cor 7:1 (ἅπτεσθαι w. gen. of ‘touching’ a woman in general: Vi. Aesopi G103).
    ⑤ to make contact with a view to causing harm, touch for the purpose of harming, injure (Diod S 1, 84, 1; Arrian, Alex. Anab. 4, 4, 2; Ps 104:15; 1 Ch 16:22; Zech 2:12; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 7 Jac.) ὁ πονηρὸς οὐχ ἅπτεται αὐτοῦ the evil one cannot harm him (or cannot even touch him; cp. 1 Esdr 4:28; PsSol 13:6; TestAbr A 15 p. 96, 11 [Stone p. 40]) 1J 5:18.—Fig. οὐχ ἅψηται σου κακόν no evil shall touch you 1 Cl 56:8 (Job 5:19; cp. PsSol 13:6; 15:4).—OHeick, Hapto in the NT: Luth. Church Quart. 12, ’39, 90–95.—B. 76; 1061. DELG. M-M s.v. ἅπτομαι. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἅπτω

  • 6 σκότος

    σκότος, ὁ, more rarely [full] σκότος, εος, τό (v. sub fin.),
    A darkness, gloom, Od.19.389, Emp.121.4, Pi.Fr. 142, etc.; opp. φάος, A.Ch. 319 (lyr.), E.Hipp. 417, etc.; opp. ἡμέρα, Pl.Def. 411b.
    2 in Il. always of the darkness of death, mostly in phrase

    τὸν δὲ σ. ὄσσε κάλυψεν 4.461

    , al.;

    στυγερὸς δ' ἄρα μιν σ. εἷλεν 5.47

    , 13.672; so in Trag. and Com.,

    σκότῳ θανεῖν E.Hipp. 837

     (lyr.); ἤδη με περιβάλλει ς. Id.Ph. 1453;

    σ. γίγνεται Pherecr.40

    ; σκότον εἶναι τεθνηκότος (sc. Αἰσχύλου) Ar.Fr. 643.
    3 of the nether world, Pi.Fr. 130;

    σκότον νέμονται Τάρταρόν τε A.Eu.72

    , cf. Pers. 223;

    τὸν ἀεὶ κατὰ γᾶς σ. εἱμένος S.OC 1701

     (lyr.); παῖδες ἀρχαίου Σκότου ib. 106;

    ἰὼ σ., ἐμὸν φάος Id.Aj. 394

     (lyr.);

    γῆς σκότῳ κέκρυπται E.Hel.62

    ;

    σκότου πύλαι Id.Hec.1

    .
    5 of blindness,

    σκότου νέφος S.OT 1313

     (lyr.); ὁθούνεκ'.. ἐν σκότῳ.. ὀψοίατο, i.e. οὐκέτι ὀψοίατο, ib. 1273; βλέποντα νῦν μὲν ὄρθ', ἔπειτα δὲ σκότον, i.e. μηδέν, ib. 419;

    σκότον δεδορκώς E.Ph. 377

    , cf. HF 563.
    b dizziness, vertigo, Hp.Epid. 5.23;

    σκότοι πρὸ τῶν ὀμμάτων Arist.HA 584a3

    ; cf. σκοτόδινος, -δινιάω.
    6 metaph., σκότῳ κρύπτειν hide in darkness, S.El. 1396 (lyr.), cf. Pi.Frr.42.5, 228; σκότον ἔχειν to be in darkness, obscurity, Id.N.7.13, E.Fr.1052.8; ἀπορία καὶ ς. Pl.Lg. 837a;

    περικαλύψαι τοῖσι πράγμασι σκότον E. Ion 1522

    : with Preps., διὰ σκότους ἡ ὁδός it is dark and uncertain, X.An.2.5.9;

    ἐν σ. καθήμενος Pi.O.1.83

    ;

    μηδὲν ἐν σ. τεχνωμένων S.Ant. 494

    ;

    κατὰ σκότον Id.Ph. 578

    ;

    ὑπὸ σκότου Id.Ant. 692

    , E.Or. 1457 (lyr.), X.Cyr.4.6.4;

    ὑπὸ σκότῳ A.Ag. 1030

     (lyr.), E.Ph. 1214.
    7 of a person, Μητρότιμος ὁ σ., like ὁ σκοτεινός, the mystery-man, Hippon.78; also, darkness, i.e. ignorance, D.19.226; deceit,

    σ. καὶ ἀπάτη Pl.Lg. 864c

    .
    8 pl., σκότη shadows in a picture, Paus.Gr.Fr.300, Suid. s.v. ἀπεσκοτωμένα, Eust.953.51.—Ael.Dion. Fr. 217 regarded the masc. as the [dialect] Att. form: the neut. never occurs in Ar., and is nowhere required by the metre in Trag., though it sts. occurs in codd., E.Hec. 831, HF 1159, Fr. 534, v.l. in S.OC40, dub. l. in A.Fr.6; it is found, however, without v.l., in Pi.Fr.42.5 and [dialect] Att. Prose, Pl.R. 516e, Cra. 418c, D.18.159, etc.; also in Hdt.2.121. έ, X.An.2.5.9, 7.4.18; the word is always neut. in LXX and NT.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σκότος

  • 7 σκώψ

    σκώψ, σκωπός
    Grammatical information: m.
    Meaning: `little horned owl' (ε 66, Epich., Arist., Theoc. a. o.); metaph. as fishname (Nic. Fr. 18), prob. after the picture of the colours (Strömberg 114); as name of a dance (Ael., Poll.), with in the same meaning also σκώπευμα (A. Fr. 70 = 20 M.) and σκωπίας (Poll.); as name of a dance also connected with σκοπεῖν (Ath., H.; s. on A. s. v.).
    Other forms: Also κώψ.
    Compounds: As 2. member in ἀεί-σκωψ a kind of owl (Arist.), which was acc. to Arist. not a migratory bird.
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: Formation as πτώξ, κλώψ a.o. (Chantraine Form. 2); unexplained. By Ath. and Ael. connected with σκώπτω ; thus Osthoff (s. bel.) and Machek Ling. Posn. 5, 68f. Rather (with Curtius 168 a. o.) to σκέπτομαι from the sharp view and the protruding circle of eyes. A by-form κώψ is often mentioned (s. Thompson Birds s. σκώψ); further γῶπας κολοιούς. Μακεδόνες H. So only folketymolog. to σκέπτομαι or σκώπτω (Chantraine l.c.)? Older lit. in Osthoff BB 29, 259 ff. -- Cf. γλαῦξ, στύξ and ὦτος (s. οὖς). -- Seen the variation prob. Pre-Greek.
    Page in Frisk: 2,746-747

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκώψ

  • 8 σκωπός

    σκώψ, σκωπός
    Grammatical information: m.
    Meaning: `little horned owl' (ε 66, Epich., Arist., Theoc. a. o.); metaph. as fishname (Nic. Fr. 18), prob. after the picture of the colours (Strömberg 114); as name of a dance (Ael., Poll.), with in the same meaning also σκώπευμα (A. Fr. 70 = 20 M.) and σκωπίας (Poll.); as name of a dance also connected with σκοπεῖν (Ath., H.; s. on A. s. v.).
    Other forms: Also κώψ.
    Compounds: As 2. member in ἀεί-σκωψ a kind of owl (Arist.), which was acc. to Arist. not a migratory bird.
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: Formation as πτώξ, κλώψ a.o. (Chantraine Form. 2); unexplained. By Ath. and Ael. connected with σκώπτω ; thus Osthoff (s. bel.) and Machek Ling. Posn. 5, 68f. Rather (with Curtius 168 a. o.) to σκέπτομαι from the sharp view and the protruding circle of eyes. A by-form κώψ is often mentioned (s. Thompson Birds s. σκώψ); further γῶπας κολοιούς. Μακεδόνες H. So only folketymolog. to σκέπτομαι or σκώπτω (Chantraine l.c.)? Older lit. in Osthoff BB 29, 259 ff. -- Cf. γλαῦξ, στύξ and ὦτος (s. οὖς). -- Seen the variation prob. Pre-Greek.
    Page in Frisk: 2,746-747

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκωπός

  • 9 ζύμη

    ζύμη, ης, ἡ (‘yeast, leaven’ Aristot., Gen. An. 3, 4, 755a, 18ff; Plut., Mor. 289f; PTebt 375, 27; LXX; Philo, Spec. Leg. 1, 291; 2, 182; Jos., Ant. 3, 252; Just., D. 14, 3; cp. 14, 2 [1 Cor 5:8?])
    ① fermented dough, leaven (the rendering ‘yeast’ [as NRSV gener., REB Mt 13:33, Lk 13:21] popularly suggests a product foreign to ancient baking practice), lit. Mt 13:33; Lk 13:21. More fully ζ. τῶν ἄρτων Mt 16:12. μικρὰ ζύμη ὅλον τὸ φύραμα ζυμοῖ a little leaven ferments the whole lump of dough 1 Cor 5:6 (Cyranides p. 64, 22 μετὰ ζύμης μικρᾶς)=Gal 5:9, shown by its repeated use to be a proverbial saying, serves to picture the influence of apparently insignificant factors in the moral and relig. sphere (on neg. aspect s. HBetz, Gal., Hermeneia 266 n. 125).
    ② that which negatively permeates attitude or behavior, leaven fig. ext. of 1: ζ. is used of the attitudes of Pharisees and of Herod Mk 8:15. Of the pretense of Pharisees Lk 12:1. Of the teaching of Pharisees and Sadducees Mt 16:6, 11. In IMg 10:2 the leaven that has grown old and sour means a life regulated by Judean cultic instruction. It is contrasted w. Jesus Christ, the νέα ζ., ibid. Employing the language of the Passover rules (Ex 12:15, 19; 13:7; Dt 16:3f), Paul admonishes ἐκκαθάρατε τ. παλαιὰν ζ. 1 Cor 5:7 and explains that the old leaven is ζ. κακίας κ. πονηρίας vs. 8 (on problems connected w. the imagery s. Straub 80f).—RAC I 1056–62.—DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ζύμη

  • 10 πυλών

    πυλών, ῶνος, ὁ (πύλη; Polyb.; Diod S 13, 75, 7; Cebes 1, 2 al.; ins, pap, LXX, JosAs; GrBar 11:2 [v.l. ὁ πύλος]; ApcEsdr 5:13 p. 30, 12 Tdf.; Joseph.; TestZeb 3:6. Loanw. in rabb.).
    ① an entrance that contains a gate or gates, gateway, entrance, gate esp. of the large, impressive gateways at the entrance of temples and palaces (Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 6, 8, 397a; Plut., Tim. 241 [12, 9] contrast πύλη; ins, LXX; Jos., Bell. 1, 617; 5, 202 δύο ἑκάστου πυλῶνος θύραι of Herod’s temple=each gateway had two doors) of the entrances of the heavenly Jerusalem (Berosus: 680 Fgm. 8, 140 Jac. [in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 140] of the magnificent city gates of Babylon; Cephalion [II A.D.]: 93 Fgm. 5 p. 444, 23f Jac., of Thebes πόλιν μεγάλην πάνυ, δωδεκάπυλον) οἱ πυλῶνες αὐτῆς οὐ μὴ κλεισθῶσιν its entrances shall never be shut Rv 21:25; cp. vss. 12ab, 13abcd, 15, 21ab; 22:14. Of the gates of a temple or of a city Ac 14:13. At the palace of the rich man (cp. Lucian, Nigr. 23) Lk 16:20; at the apparently elegant residence of Mary the mother of John Mark Ac 12:13: π. distinct from its θύρα (cp. Jos., 5, 202 s. above). Cp. vs. 14ab; also of Simon’s house 10:17. The choice of diction contributes to the picture of Mary’s and Simon’s social status. Of prison gates AcPl Ha 3, 22 and 24 (text restored).
    ② a gateway consisting of a forecourt, gateway, entrance separated fr. the house by a court (IPontEux I2, 32b, 48 [III B.C.]; Polyb. 2, 9, 3; 4, 18, 2; Diod S 1, 47, 1; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 6). Peter leaves (ἐξελθόντα) the court (vs. 69) and enters εἰς τὸν πυλῶνα Mt 26:71, and finally leaves it (vs. 75).—DELG s.v. πύλη. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πυλών

  • 11 ὑπό

    ὑπό, ὑπαί (cf. sub): under. — I. adv., underneath, below, beneath, of motion or rest, ὑπὸ δὲ θρῆνυν ποσὶν (‘for the feet’) ἥσει, Il. 14.240; ὑπὸ δὲ θρῆνυς ποσὶν ἦεν, Od. 1.131; χεῦεν ὕπο ῥῶπας, Od. 16.47; often to indicate the position of parts of the body (in ‘plastic’ style as if one were looking at a picture up and down), ὑπὸ γούνατ' ἔλῦσεν (the knees ‘beneath him’), ὑπὸ δ' ἔτρεμε γυῖα, Il. 10.390; sometimes causal, thereunder, thereby, Od. 8.380, Il. 8.4; thus to denote accompaniment in music, λίνον δ' ὑπὸ κᾶλὸν ἄειδεν (to it, the harp), Il. 18.570, Od. 21.411. — II. prep., (1) w. gen., of position or motion; under, out or forth from under; ὑπ' ἀνθερεῶνος ἐλεῖν, κρήδεμνον ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τανύσσαι, Od. 5.346, and thus often w. verbs of hitting; ῥέει κρήνη ὑπὸ σπείους, ‘from beneath,’ Od. 9.141; then of agency, influence, by, through, in consequence of; δαμῆναι, θνήσκειν ὑπό τινος (‘at the hands of’), φεύγειν ὑπό τινος (‘before’), Il. 18.149 ; ὑπ' ἀνάγκης (‘from necessity,’ ‘perforce’), ὑπὸ δείους (‘for’), ὑπὸ φρῖκὸς Βορέω, Il. 23.692. — (2) w. dat., of position, under, and w. verbs of motion when the resulting position of rest is chiefly in mind, πίπτειν, τιθέναι τι ὑπό τινι, χ , Il. 16.378; instrumental or causal, under (not ‘by’ as w. the gen., but rather denoting subjection), ὑπὸ χερσί τινος θανέειν, ὀλέσαι ψῦχήν, γήραι ὕπο ἆρημένος, Od. 11.136; of power, mastery, δέδμητο λᾶὸς ὑπ' αὐτῷ, γ 3, Il. 24.636; and of accompanying circumstances, ὑπὸ πομπῇ (‘under the guidance’), πνοιῇ ὕπο (‘with the breeze’), Od. 4.402. — (3) w. acc., of motion (or extension), under, but often where the idea of motion is quite faint, ζώειν ὑπ' αὐγᾶς ἠελίοιο, thinking of the duration of life, Od. 15.349, Il. 5.267; of time, during, Il. 16.202, Il. 22.102.

    A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ὑπό

  • 12 νικάω

    νικάω (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX; PsSol 4:10; TestJob 27:5; Test12Patr, Philo, Joseph., Just., Tat.; Ath. 3, 2) ptc. νικῶν, dat. νικῶντι or νικοῦντι (so some edd. Rv 2:17, in part also vs. 7; on this exchange of-άω and-έω forms s. B-D-F §90; W-S. §13, 26; Rob. 203; s. Mlt-H. 195); fut. νικήσω; 1 aor. ἐνίκησα; pf. νενίκηκα. Pass.: 1 fut. inf. νικηθήσεσθαι (Just., D. 78, 9); 1 aor. ἐνικήθην LXX, ptc. νικηθείς; pf. inf. νενικῆσθαι 4 Macc 13:2.
    ① to win in the face of obstacles, be victor, conquer, overcome, prevail, intr.
    ⓐ in a battle or contest (EpArist 281); of Israel as victorious in battle 12:2 (cp. Ex 17:11); of Christ Rv 3:21b; 5:5 (the foll. inf. ἀνοῖξαι indicates what the victory enables the victor to do). ἐξῆλθεν νικῶν κ. ἵνα νικήσῃ 6:2. Of the good athlete (Lucian, Tim. 50; POxy 1759, 4 letter to an athlete) IPol 3:1. The Christian as ὁ νικῶν the one who is victorious (s. B-D-F §322; Rob. 865) Rv 2:7, 11, 17, 26; 3:5, 12, 21; 21:7 (s. Boll 49, 1). οἱ νικῶντες ἐκ τοῦ θηρίου (=τηρήσαντες ἑαυτοὺς ἐκ τ. θ.—B-D-F §212; GBonaccorsi, Primi saggi di filologia neotest. I ’33 p. clxii) 15:2.—Hs 8, 3, 6 v.l.
    ⓑ in a legal action (Aristoph., Equ. 95, Av. 445; 447; Protagoras in Diog. L. 9, 56 [νικάω and νίκη]; Artem. 1, 35 p. 36, 20; 4, 31 p. 222, 17 al.; PSI 551, 7 [III B.C.] ἐνίκων τῇ κρίσει; PHal 1, 51; 58 [III B.C.]; Jos., Bell. 2, 284, Ant. 12, 126) ὅπως … και νικήσεις (v.l. νικήσῃς) ἐν τῷ κρίνεσθαί σε that you may win when you are accused Ro 3:4; 1 Cl 18:4 (both Ps 50:6.—IG XI/4, 1299, 26f [c. 200 B.C.] Sarapis and his worshipers win in a lawsuit over a new temple [Eng. tr. in Danker, Benefactor, no. 27]).
    ② to overcome someone, vanquish, overcome, trans.
    ⓐ act. w. the obj. in the acc. τινά overcome someone (Polyb. 6, 58, 13; Diod S 4, 57, 6; Jos., Vi. 81) Lk 11:22; Rv 11:7; 13:7; 17:14. Of Christ νενίκηκα τὸν κόσμον I have overcome the world (i.e. the sum total of everything opposed to God; s. κόσμος 7b) J 16:33b (ν. τι=‘be stronger than’: IAndros Isis, Kyme 55 p. 124). Also said of Christians 1J 5:4f; cp. αὕτη ἐστιν ἡ νίκη ἡ νικήσασα τὸν κόσμον vs. 4b (s. νίκη). Also ν. τὸν πονηρόν overcome the evil one, the devil 2:13f (on this passage and J 16:33b s. JBruns, JBL 86, ’67, 451–53); cp. Rv 12:11. αὐτόν (=τὸν διάβολον) Hs 8, 3, 6. αὐτούς (=τοὺς ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου) 1J 4:4. ν. τὴν ψυχήν win a victory over the soul (i.e. the earthly-minded part of man; cp. Sextus 71a νίκα τὸ σῶμα) 2 Cl 16:2. The conquering power added in the dat.: by (means of) ἔν τινι (Pla., Symp. 213e; Himerius, Or. [Ecl.] 3, 11 ἐν δόγμασι νικῶν ἐκείνους): ἐν τῷ μὴ ποιεῖν τὰς ἐπιθυμίας αὐτῆς τὰς πονηράς by not carrying out its base desires 2 Cl 16:2. ν. ἐν τῷ ἀγαθῷ τὸ κακόν overcome evil with good Ro 12:21b (TestBenj 4:3 οὗτος τὸ ἀγαθὸν ποιῶν νικᾷ τὸ κακόν).
    ⓑ pass. be conquered, beaten (Thu. 1, 76, 2 al.; Posidippus [III B.C.]: 447 Fgm. 2 Jac. νικᾶται ὁ Κύπριος τῷ σχήματι=the Cyprian is ‘conquered’ by the picture [of Aphrodite] et al.; Philo, De Jos. 200 νικώμενος ὑπὸ πάθους; Jos., Ant. 1, 302 by the force of necessity; Tat. 9, 2 ὁ νικώμενος νῦν εἰσαῦτις ἐπικρατεῖν εἴωθεν; Theoph. Ant. 2, 12 [p. 130, 30] θεὸν γὰρ οὐ χρὴ ὑφʼ ἡδονῆς νικᾶσθαι) Hm 12, 5, 2. ὁ πονηρὸς … νικηθείς AcPlCor 2:15. Let oneself be overcome μὴ νικῶ ὑπὸ τ. κακοῦ Ro 12:21a; Dg 7:7.
    ③ to surpass in ability, outstrip, excel, trans. w. the superior power added in the dat. (cp. Eur., Herc. Fur. 342 ἀρετῇ; Ael. Aristid. 13 p. 272 D.: ἐπιεικείᾳ; Tat. 15:4 θανάτῳ … τὸν θάνατον νενικήκασιν) τοῖς ἰδίοις βίοις νικῶσι τ. νόμους in their way of life they surpass (or outdo) the laws (i.e., they live better lives than the laws require) Dg 5:10.—DELG s.v. νίκη. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > νικάω

  • 13 εἴδομαι

    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `seem, appear, give the appearance, resemble' (Il.).
    Other forms: Aor. εἴσασθαι (ptc. also ἐ-(Ϝ)εισάμενος, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 182).
    Compounds: δια-είδομαι with fact. fut. δια-είσομαι `make appear' (Θ 535; s. Chantr. 1, 442).
    Derivatives: εἶδος `species, appearance' εἰδύλλιον `poem, single song', εἰδάλιμος `with beautiful appearance'; εἴδωλον `picture, image', - λάτρης `who reveres idols', εἰδάλλεται φαίνεται H.
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1125] *u̯eid- `see'
    Etymology: Beside (Ϝ)είδομαι and the σ-aorist there is the thematic aorist (Ϝ)ιδεῖν and the perfect (Ϝ)οῖδα, both old (s. v.). There is no equivalent of εἴδομαι; comparable are Celtic and Germanic forms, e. g. OIr. ad-féded `narrabat', Goth. ra-weitan `revenge', both from IE *u̯eid-, but they differ in meaning. εἴδομαι agrees semantically well to εἶδος. It may have been influenced by εἶδος. - The form ἐεισάμενος is found only in the formula (verse init.) τῳ̃ μιν ε. προσέφη; it is therefore probable that an accident led to this unusual form: the formula will have had τῳ̃ δε Ϝε Ϝεισάμενος; see Beekes Larr. 59f. (Wrong RPh. 71 (1997)157.) - Cf. ἰδεῖν, οἶδα, also ἰνδάλλεται.
    Page in Frisk: 1,451

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > εἴδομαι

  • 14 καρπός

    καρπός, οῦ, ὁ (Hom.+) ‘fruit’ (the sing. used collectively: Diod S 3, 24, 1).
    ① product or outcome of someth., fruit
    ⓐ in a physical sense
    α. of plants: trees Mt 12:33; 21:19; Mk 11:14; Lk 6:44; 13:6f; IEph 14:2; Hs 1, 2, 1; 9, 1, 10; 9, 28, 1 and 3 (Did., Gen. 86, 3). Of the fruit of the vine (Jos., Ant. 2, 67; Ath 22:6) Mt 21:34; Mk 12:2; Lk 20:10; 1 Cor 9:7; 1 Cl 23:4; of a berry-bush B 7:8. Of field crops (Diod S 4, 4, 2; Ps.-Phoc. 38; SibOr 4, 16; Hippol., Ref. 7, 29, 5) 2 Ti 2:6; 1 Cl 24:4; qualified by τῆς γῆς Js 5:7a; cp. vs. 7b v.l.; 1 Cl 14:1 (Gen 4:3); GJs 3:3. συνάγειν τοὺς κ. (Lev 25:3) Lk 12:17; cp. J 4:36; ὅταν παραδοῖ ὁ κ. when the (condition of the) crop permits Mk 4:29 (‘fruit’=grain as Ps.-Scylax, Peripl. §93 p. 36 Fabr. [πυροὺς κ. κριθάς]). βλαστάνειν τὸν κ. produce crops Js 5:18 (βλαστάνω 1). ποιεῖν κ. (=עָשָׂה פְרִי) bear or yield fruit (Gen 1:11f; 4 Km 19:30; Ezk 17:23; ParJer 9:16, 19.—Diosc., Mat. Med. 2, 195) Mt 3:10 (s. δένδρον); 7:17ff; 13:26; Lk 3:9; 6:43; 8:8; 13:9; Rv 22:2a. Also διδόναι (=נָתַן פְּרִי; Lev 26:20; Dt 11:17; Ps 1:3; Zech 8:12) Mt 13:8; Mk 4:7f; B 11:6 (Ps 1:3); Hs 2:4; 5, 2, 4. φέρειν (Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1396–99b; Jo 2:22; Hos 9:16; Jos., Ant. 3, 11; SibOr 2, 320; Did., Gen. 31, 3) Mt 7:18a v.l.; J 12:24 (of the resurrection: ἐκφέρει 1 Cl 24:5); 15:2, 4; Hs 2:3, 8a. ἡ γῆ προφέρει τοὺς κ. αὐτῆς GJs 8:3. ἀποδιδόναι bear fruit (Lev 26:4) Rv 22:2b; Hs 2:8b; cp. Hb 12:11, but pay a person a portion of the fruit Mt 21:41. γεννᾶν κ. θανατηφόρον bear deadly fruit ITr 11:1 (in imagery, s. b below). κ. ἔχειν of trees Hs 9, 28, 3; of staffs 8, 1, 18; 8, 2, 1; 8, 3, 7; 8, 4, 6; 8, 5, 6; of Aaron’s staff (Num 17:23ff) 1 Cl 43:5.
    β. of a human being: Hebraistically of offspring ὁ κ. τῆς κοιλίας the fruit of the womb (Gen 30:2; Ps 131:11; Mi 6:7; La 2:20; TestAbr A 6 p. 83, 14 [Stone p. 14]; Mel., P. 52, 384 [since the central mng. of κοιλία is someth. ‘hollow’, in the Ps and Mi pass. κοιλία is used in the general sense of ‘body’ as the cavity from which someth. emanates]) Lk 1:42. τοῦ μὴ δοῦναί σοι καρπόν= to grant you no children GJs 2:3; cp. 6:3 (s. b below). Fr. the standpoint of a father: ὁ κ. τῆς ὀσφύος the fruit of his loins Ac 2:30; AcPl Ha 8, 14 (ἰσχύος Ox 1602, 12f/BMM recto 17).
    ⓑ fig., in the spiritual (opp. physical) realm; sometimes the orig. figure is quite prominent; somet. it is more or less weakened: result, outcome, product (cp. Epict. 2, 1, 21 τῶν δογμάτων καρπός; IPriene 112, 14 [I B.C.] μόνη μεγίστους ἀποδίδωσιν καρπούς; Dio Chrys. 23 [40], 34 τῆς ἔχθρας καρπός) κ. τοῦ πνεύματος Gal 5:22 (a list of virtues following a list of vices as Cebes 19, 5; 20, 3; Ael. Aristid. 37, 27 K.=2 p. 27 D.). τοῦ φωτός Eph 5:9; κ. πολὺν φέρειν be very fruitful J 15:5, 8, 16. κ. δικαιοσύνης fruit of righteousness (cp. Epicurus, Fgm. 519 δικαιοσύνης καρπὸς μέγιστος ἀταραξία; Am 6:12; Pr 11:30; 13:2; EpArist 232) Phil 1:11; Js 3:18; Hs 9, 19, 2a; cp. ἔδωκέν μοι κύριος … καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ GJs 6:3 (of the birth of Mary; s. β above); κ. εἰρηνικὸς δικαιοσύνης peaceful fruit of righteousness Hb 12:11. κ. ἀληθείας Hs 9, 19, 2b. The outcome of acting is a deed: ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν τινος ἐπιγινώσκειν τινά know someone by the person’s deeds, as one knows a tree by its fruits Mt 7:16, 20; Hs 4:5 (Proverbia Aesopi 51 P.: Δῆλος ἔλεγχος ὁ καρπὸς γενήσεται | παντὸς δένδρου ἣν ἔχει φύσιν=its fruit will be for every tree a clear proof of its nature). γεννᾶν καρπὸν θανατηφόρον bear deadly fruit ITr 11:1 (s. 1aα); moral performance as fruit vs. 2 (accord. to the imagery, Christians are branches of the cross as their trunk and their deeds are the produce). Fruit of martyrdom Hs 9, 28, 4. ποιεῖν τοὺς καρποὺς αὐτῆς (=τῆς βασιλείας τ. θεοῦ) prove fruitful for the kingdom ποιεῖν καρπὸν ἄξιον τῆς μετανοίας Mt 21:43. bear fruit consistent with repentance 3:8; the pl. in the parallel Lk 3:8 is farther removed fr. the orig. picture: καρποί = ἔργα (cp. Pr 10:16). καρποὶ ἀγαθοί Js 3:17. Cp. Dg 12:1. τίνα καρπὸν ἄξιον … (δώσομεν); what fruit (are we to bring to Christ that would be) worthy of what he has given us? 2 Cl 1:3. Of the outcome of life in sin as well as in righteousness Ro 6:21f (of the results of evil e.g., Oenomaus Fgm. 2m [in Eus., PE 5, 20, 10]); ταχὺς κ. (s. ταχ. 1a) 2 Cl 20:3. After an upright life καρπὸν προσδοκῶν Dg 12:6; cp. 12:8; resurrection as the reward after a miserable life ἔδονται τῆς ἑαυτῶν ὁδοῦ τοὺς κ. 2 Cl 19:3.—ἀφʼ οὗ καρποῦ ἡμεῖς (the suffering of Jesus,) the fruit from which we are, i.e. from which we derive our identity as Christians (the cross is here viewed as a tree on which Jesus hangs as the fruit: Ignatius probably thinks of Christians as germinated seeds) ISm 1:2.—Of the proceeds of a collection Ro 15:28.
    ⓒ Hebraistically, a praise-offering as καρπὸς χειλέων (Hos 14:3; Pr 18:20; 31:31 v.l.; PsSol 15:3) Hb 13:15.
    ② advantage, gain, profit (Polyaenus 3, 9, 1 κ. τῆς ἀνδραγαθίας; EpArist 260 σοφίας κ.; Philo, Fug. 176 ἐπιστήμης; Jos., Ant. 20, 48 εὐσεβείας) κ. ἔργου gain from the labor Phil 1:22. οὐ δόμα, ἀλλὰ τὸν καρπόν not the gift, but the advantage (accruing to the Philippians fr. their generous giving) 4:17; κ. ἔχειν have fruit Ro 1:13.—B. 511. DELG 1 καρπός. EDNT. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > καρπός

  • 15 βάθος

    βάθος [ᾰ], εος, τό, ([etym.] βαθύς)
    A depth or height, acc. as measured up or down,

    Ταρτάρου βάθη A.Pr. 1029

    ;

    αἰθέρος βάθος E.Med. 1297

    , cf. Ar. Av. 1715; βάθους μετέχειν to be a solid, possessing depth as well as length and breadth, Pl.R. 528b;

    εἴτ' ἐν βάθεσιν εἴτ' ἐν τάχεσιν Id.Plt. 299e

    ;

    βάθους αὔξη Id.R. 528d

    ; opp. μῆκος, πλάτος, Arist.Ph. 209a5;

    μεγέθους τὸ ἐπὶ τρία [συνεχὲς] β. Id.Metaph. 1020a12

    : with Preps.,

    ἐκ βάθεος

     in depth,

    Hdt.1.186

    ;

    ἐκ βάθους

     through and through,

    Plot. 5.8.10

    ;

    εἰς βάθος Arist.Mete. 386a23

    , al.;

    ἐν βάθει Id.Sens. 440a14

    , etc.;

    κατὰ βάθους Id.Mete. 339b12

    ; κατὰ βάθος in a descending scale, metaph. of causation, Dam.Pr.95: freq. in military sense, depth of a line of battle, X.HG3.4.13, etc.;

    ἐπὶ βάθος τάσσεσθαι

     in depth of line,

    Th.5.68

    ;

    ἐς β. ἐκτάξαι Arr.An.1.2.4

    ; β. τριχῶν, of long thick hair, Hdt.5.9;

    ἄτομα πώγωνος βάθη Ephipp.14.7

    ; interior of a country, Str.3.3.7, al.; depth, of perspective in a picture, Procop.Gaz.Ecphr. p.157 B.: pl.,

    βάθη

     depths,

    Pl.Ti. 44d

    , etc.; deep water, opp. shallows near shore, LXXPs.68(69).2, al., Ev.Luc.5.4;

    ἐν τοῖς βάθεσιν Arist. HA 599b9

    .
    b Astron., = ταπείνωμα, Vett.Val.241.26.
    2 metaph.,

    κακῶν ὁρῶν β. A.Pers. 465

    ;

    ἢ μακροῦ πλούτου βάθει S.Aj. 130

    , cf. Ep.Rom.11.33;

    β. ἡγεμονίας Plu.Pomp.53

    ; depth of mind, β. τι ἔχειν γενναῖον, of Parmenides, Pl.Tht. 184a; ἐν βάθει πόσιος deep in drink, Theoc.14.29;

    β. καρδίας ἀνθρώπου LXXJu.8.14

    ; τὰ β. τοῦ θεοῦ, τοῦ Σατανᾶ, 1 Ep.Cor.2.10, Apoc.2.24.
    3 of lit. style, bathos,

    ὕψους ἢ β. Longin.2.1

    . (Substituted for βένθος under the influence of βαθύς.)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > βάθος

  • 16 εἰκών

    εἰκών, ἡ, gen. όνος, acc. όνα, etc.: poet. and [dialect] Ion. nom. [full] εἰκώ is implied (though not found) in gen.
    A

    εἰκοῦς E.Hel.77

    , acc.

    εἰκώ A.Th. 559

    , E.Med. 1162, Hdt.7.69 (but

    εἰκόνα 2.143

    , both εἰκόνα and εἰκώ in Pl.Ti. 37d), Maiist.15: acc. pl.

    εἰκούς E.Tr. 1178

    , Ar.Nu. 559: (Εἴκω, ἔοικα, ϝεικ-Inscr.Cypr.151 H.):—likeness, image, whether picture or statue, Hdt.2.130, 143, A.Th. 559, etc.;

    εἰ. γεγραμμένη Plu.2.1117c

    ;

    εἰ. γραπτά IG4.940.23

    , cf. 3.1330; of needlework, E.IT 223 (anap.); bust, Luc.Alex.18; εἰ. βασιλικαί, = Lat. imagines imperatorum, Lib. Or.56.13: generally,

    εἰ. τοῦ νοητοῦ θεὸς αἰσθητός Pl.Ti. 92c

    .
    2 image in a mirror, E.Med. 1162, Pl.R. 402b.
    3 personal description, PTeb.32.21 (ii B. C.), etc.
    4 metaph., living image, representation,

    εἰ. ζῶσα τοῦ Διός OGI90.3

     (Rosetta, ii B. C.);

    τοῦ θεοῦ 2 Ep.Cor.4.4

    .
    II semblance, phantom, E.HF 1002;

    οὐ γὰρ ἐκεῖνος τέθνηκεν, ἀλλ' ἐγὼ ἡ εἰ. αὐτοῦ Luc.DMort.16.1

    ; imaginary form, Pl.R. 588b; image in the mind,

    εἰκοὺς πατρός E.Tr. 1178

    ;

    δοξῶν καὶ λόγων Pl.Phlb. 39c

    , etc.; εἰκόνας σῆς ἀρετῆς thy virtue's counterparts, of children, Epigr.Gr.435.4;

    περίβολον ἔχειν δεσμωτηρίου εἰκόνα Pl.Cra. 400c

    ;

    ἐν εἰκόνι βασιλείας Hdn.7.9.10

    .
    III similitude, comparison, Ar.Nu. 559, Ra. 906, Pl.Phd. 87b, Men. 80c, Men.536.1;

    δι' εἰκόνος λέγεσθαι Pl.R. 487e

    , cf. Arist.Rh. 1407a11, Lib.Ep.8.1.
    IV pattern, archetype,

    ποτὶ τὰν εἰκόνα [κόσμος] ἀπειργασμένος Ti.Locr.99d

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εἰκών

  • 17 χαρακτήρ

    χαρακτήρ, ῆρος, ὁ (fr. χαράσσω ‘engrave’ via χάραγμα; Aeschyl., Hdt.+; ins, pap, LXX; TestSol 11:6; TestSim 5:4 [‘copy’, of the Book of Enoch]; ApcSed 7:4; EpArist; Philo; Jos., Ant. 13, 322; Just.; Tat. 17, 2 [in the two last, of letters of the alphabet]; loanw. in rabb.).
    ⓐ of coinage impress, reproduction, representation (Eur., El. 559; Aristot., Pol. 1, 6, Oec. 2; Diod S 17, 66, 2; OGI 339, 45; in imagery Polyb. 18, 34, 7; Philo, Plant. 18) in imagery IMg 5:2ab.
    ⓑ of a distinguishing mark trademark τὸ κεφαλοδέσμιον … χαρακτῆρα ἔχει βασιλικόν the headpiece bears a royal trademark (i.e. the logo of a manufacturer for the imperial establishment; s. deStrycker ad loc. and AJohnson, Roman Egypt to the Reign of Diocletian ’36, 332–33; 626–27) GJs 2:2. S. 3 below.
    ② someth. produced as a representation, reproduction, representation, fig., of God ἄνθρωπον ἔπλασεν τῆς ἑαυτοῦ εἰκόνος χαρακτῆρα (God) formed a human being as reproduction of his own identity/reality (s. εἰκών 2) 1 Cl 33:4 (cp. OGI 383, 60 of a picture χ. μορφῆς ἐμῆς; 404, 25; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 83 calls the soul τύπον τινὰ καὶ χαρακτῆρα θείας δυνάμεως). Christ is χαρ. τῆς ὑποστάσεως αὐτοῦ an exact representation of (God’s) real being Hb 1:3 (ὑπόστασις 1a).
    ③ characteristic trait or manner, distinctive mark (Hdt. et al.; Diod S 1, 91, 7; Dionys. Hal., Ad Pomp. 3, 16; 2 Macc 4:10) ἐν ἀποστολικῷ χαρακτῆρι in apostolic fashion of an epistolary greeting ITr ins; cp. 1b above.
    ④ an impression that is made, outward aspect, outward appearance, form (ApcSed 7:4 ὁ δὲ ἥλιος καὶ Ἀδάμ, μίαν χαρακτῆρα ἦσαν perh. read without the comma: ‘Now, the sun and Adam were alike in appearance’, in contrast to Eve who was more brightly beautiful than the moon) εὐειδέσταται τῷ χαρακτῆρι exceptionally beautiful in appearance Hs 9, 9, 5.—JGeffcken, Character: ET 21, 1910, 426f; AKörte, Her 64, 1929, 69–86 (semantic history).—DELG s.v. χαράσσω II 4. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > χαρακτήρ

  • 18 διάθεσις

    A placing in order, arrangement (

    ἡ τοῦ ἔχοντος μέρη τάξις Arist.Metaph. 1022b1

    ), Antipho Soph.24a;

    πολιτείας Pl.Lg. 710b

    ;

    τῶν ξενίων Id.Ti. 27a

    .
    2 disposition or composition in a work of art (opp. εὕρεσις), Id.Phdr. 236a; opp.ἱστορία, μῦθος, Plb. 34.4.1, Plu.Arat.32, etc.;

    δ. ᾠδῆς Eup.303

    ;

    τῶν ἐπῶν Phryn.Com. 55

    ; plan of a building, Plu.Per.13; subject of a picture, etc., Polem. ap. Ath.5.210b;

    δ. μυθολογίας Plu.2.16b

    ; representation in a play, Hero Aut.20.2: in pl., word-painting, Plu.2.17b; of geographical description, Str.1.1.16; rhetorical art,

    μετ' αὐξήσεως καὶ διαθέσεως Plb.2.61.1

    .
    b in oratory, delivery, Plu.Dem.7;

    δ. σώματός τε καὶ τόνου φωνῆς Longin.Rh.p.194H.

    3 disposition of property, will, testament, = διαθήκη, Lys.Fr.44, Pl.Lg. 922b.
    4 disposing of, sale,

    τῶν περιόντων Isoc.11.14

    , cf. PTeb.38.10 (ii B.C.), Str.11.2.12, Plu.Sol. 24; οἷς δ. εὔπορος, perh. means of disposing of it, of making away with it, Arist.Rh. 1372a33 (possibly, inventive disposition).
    5 δ. ἔγγραφος written report, POxy.52.13 (iv A.D.).
    6 = διάθεμα, Procl.inCra.p.10P.(pl.).
    II (from [voice] Pass.) bodily state, condition, Hp.VM7, Arist.GA 778b34;

    δ. τοῦ σώματος Philem.95.4

    ; δ. ὑγιεινή, νοσώδης, Gal.5.826, 17(2).238; ἕξις defined as

    δ. μόνιμος Id.5.826

    ;

    νευρικὴ δ. OGI331.11

     (Pergam.); of the mind, Antipho Soph. 24a;

    ἕξις ψυχῆς καὶ δ. Pl.Phlb. 11d

    ; distd. from ἕξις, Arist.Cat. 8b28, de An. 417b15, Zeno and Chrysipp.Stoic.1.50, 3.111;

    δ. ἁμαρτωλός Phld.Lib.p.560

    ., al.; δ. σωματική, ψυχική, A.D.Synt.278.10: pl., Diotog. ap. Stob.4.7.62.
    b disposition towards persons, Pl.R. 489a; propensity, Cic.Att.14.3.2; πρός τινα Sch.E.Hec.8.
    2 generally, state, condition,

    τὴν βασιγείαν εἰς τὴν ἀρχαίαν δ. κατέστησεν OGI 219.11

     (Sigeum, iv/iii B.C.).
    3 Gramm., force, function, τοῦ ὀνόματος δ. εἰσὶ δύο, ἐνέργεια καὶ πάθος (e.g. κριτής, κριτός) D.T.637.29; esp. of the voices of the verb,

    δ. εἰσὶ τρεῖς, ἐνέργεια, πάθος, μεσότης Id.638.8

    ; δ. παθητική, μέση, A.D.Synt.210.19, 226.10; also of tense, χρονικὴ δ. ib.251.1 (s.v.l.); διαβατικὴ δ. transitive force, ib.43.18.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διάθεσις

  • 19 φαντάζω

    A make visible, present to the eye or mind, τι Alex.Aphr.Pr.2.18, Hsch.: but, φ. τὴν αἴσθησιν, deceive, Callistr. Stat.14:—[voice] Med., with [tense] aor. [voice] Pass., place before one's mind, picture an object to oneself, imagine, τι Longin.15.2, 8, M.Ant.10.28, Porph. Sent.33, Iamb.Myst.3.20, Chor.p.16 B.;

    χωρίον Id.Milt.29

     F.-R.;

    κύνα ἐν ὕδατι Hp.Ep. 19

     ( Hermes 43.68);

    περί τῆς φύσεως Him.Or.14.24

    ; fancy, imagine, ὅτι .. Arr.Epict.1.5.6;

    ὄναρ ἐφαντάσθην Hp.Ep.15

    ; τοῖς μηδὲ φαντασθεῖσιν ὡς καλόν .. Plot.1.6.4; c. acc. et. inf., Polem. Phgn.36, Iamb.Myst.2.10.
    II in early writers only in [voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

    φαντασθήσομαι Pl.Smp. 211a

    : [tense] aor.

    ἐφαντάσθην Id.Phlb. 51a

    :— become visible, appear, σφι Hdt.4.124;

    ὄνειρον φαντάζεταί μοι Id.7.15

    ;

    μηδὲ φαντάζου δόμων πάροιθε E.Andr. 876

    , cf. Ph.93;

    φ. ἄλλοτε ἐν ἄλλαις ἰδέαις Pl.R. 380d

    ; also, to be heard,

    μυκαὶ σηκοῖς ἔνι φ. A.R. 4.1285

    ;

    φοβερὸν ἦν τὸ -όμενον Ep.Hebr.12.21

    .
    b to be terrified by visions or phantasms, PMag.Lond.121.888.
    2 make a show, Hdt.7.10. ε'.
    3 φαντάζεσθαί τινι make oneself like someone, take his form,

    φανταζόμενος.. γυναικί A.Ag. 1500

     (anap.).
    5 com. for συκοφαντεῖσθαι, to be informed against, Ar.Ach. 823 (Megar. φαντάδδομαι).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φαντάζω

  • 20 ἀντίγραφος

    A copied, in duplicate, στῆλυι, διαθῆκαι, etc., D.20.36, 45.10, etc.
    II as Subst., ἀντίγραφον, τό, transcript, copy, Decr. ap. And.1.79, Lys. 32.7, D.25.47, Arist.Pol. 1309a11; esp. of copies of a book, Ἀττικιανὰ ἀντίγραφα copies of an edition issued by Atticus, Harp. s.v. Ἀργᾶς, al.; certified copy of official document, CPR1.4(i A.D.); εἰκόνος ἀ. copy of a picture, Luc.Zeux.3 (but - φος Jac.).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀντίγραφος

Страницы
  • 1
  • 2

См. также в других словарях:

  • Picture Bibles — • In the Middle Ages the Church made use of pictures as a means of instruction, to supplement the knowledge acquired by reading or oral teaching Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Picture Bibles     Picture Bibles …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Picture Exchange Communication System — (PECS) is a form of augmentative and alternative communication. It is typically used as an aid in communication for children with autism and other special needs. The system has been used with a variety of ages including preschoolers, adolescents… …   Wikipedia

  • Picture Post — was a prominent photojournalistic magazine published in the United Kingdom from 1938 to 1957. It is considered a pioneering example of photojournalism and was an immediate success, selling 1,600,000 copies a week after only six months. A few… …   Wikipedia

  • Picture exchange communication system — (PECS) is a form of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). It is typically used as an aid in communication for children with autism and other special needs. The system has been successful with a variety of ages including preschoolers,… …   Wikipedia

  • Picture Bride (film) — Picture Bride is a 1995 independent film directed by Kayo Hatta from a script by Hatta, Mari Hatta and Diane Mei Lin Mark, co produced by Diane Mei Lin Mark and Lisa Onodera. It premiered at the 1995 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the… …   Wikipedia

  • Picture This (álbum) — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Picture This Álbum de Huey Lewis and the News Publicación 29 de enero, 1982 Grabación De septiembre de …   Wikipedia Español

  • Picture This (Channel 4) — Picture This is a cross platform project from Channel 4, London about photography, in collaboration with independent TV producers Renegade Pictures and Flickr, the photosharing website. Picture This comprises a short reality television series… …   Wikipedia

  • Picture to Burn — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda «Picture to Burn» Sencillo de Taylor Swift del álbum Taylor Swift Publicación Enero de 2008 Formato CD single, desca …   Wikipedia Español

  • Picture Book (TV series) — Picture Book was a BBC TV series that first appeared in 1955. It was the Monday programme in the Watch with Mother cycle and was created by Freda Lingstrom. It was initially introduced by Patricia Driscoll. The programme encouraged children to… …   Wikipedia

  • Picture CD — is a product by Kodak, following on from the earlier Photo CD product. It holds photos from a single roll of color film, stored at 1024×1536 resolution using JPEG compression. The product is aimed at consumers. Software to view and perform simple …   Wikipedia

  • Picture — Pic ture, n. [L. pictura, fr. pingere, pictum, to paint: cf. F. peinture. See {Paint}.] 1. The art of painting; representation by painting. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] Any well expressed image . . . either in picture or sculpture. Sir H. Wotton. [1913… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»