liberum

in-vĭdĕo, vīdi, vīsum, 2, v. a.

Lit.

In gen., i. q. baskainein (fascinare), to look askance at, to look maliciously or spitefully at, to cast an evil eye upon (only anteclass.).—With acc.: ut est in Menalippo: quisnam florem liberūm invidit meūm? Male Latine videtur; sed praeclare Attius; ut enim videre, sic invidere florem rectius, quam flori. Nos consuetudine prohibemur;

poëta jus suum tenuit et dixit audacius,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 9, 20.— Absol.:

ne quis malus invidere possit,

produce misfortune by his evil eye, Cat. 5, 12 sq. —

Trop., to be prejudiced against one, to be influenced by prejudice:

semper dignitatis iniquus judex est, qui aut invidet aut favet,

Cic. Planc. 3, 7; cf.:

cui nisi invidisset is, etc.,

id. Fam. 5, 21, 2.—

Transf.

(I. q. phthonein tini tinos.) To envy or grudge one any thing.

With dat. of the person or thing exciting the feeling:

malim mihi inimicos invidere quam inimicis me meis,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 30:

invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus,

Cic. de Or. 2, 52, 209; id. Ac. 2, 2, 7:

probus invidet nemini,

id. Univ. 3:

bonis,

Sall. C. 51, 38:

invidet ipsa sibi,

Ov. F. 2, 591:

Troasin,

id. H. 13, 137.— Pass. impers.:

sibi ne invideatur,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 15:

illi, quibus invidetur,

id. Truc. 4, 2, 32:

invidia dicitur... etiam in eo cui invidetur,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 16:

si is cui invidetur, et invidet,

Sen. Ep. 84, 11. — Of the thing:

eorum commodis,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 149:

honori,

Verg. A. 5, 541; Cic. Agr. 2 fin.:

virtuti,

id. Balb. 6, 15; id. de Or. 2, 51, 208:

virtuti vestrae,

Sall. C. 58, 21:

omnia tunc quibus invideas si lividulus sis,

Juv. 11, 110.—

Alicui in aliqua re:

in qua (purpura) tibi invideo, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fl. 29, 70:

in hoc Crasso,

id. de Or. 2, 56, 228.—

Alicui with gen. of the thing ( poet.):

neque ille Sepositi ciceris nec longae invidit avenae,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 84.—

Alicui aliqua re:

non inviderunt laude sua mulieribus viri Romani,

Liv. 2, 40, 11:

nobis voluptate,

Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2; so with abl. alone:

ne hostes quidem sepulturā invident,

Tac. A. 1, 22; id. Germ. 33:

nec invidebo vobis hac arte,

Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. §

7: qua (ratione) nulli mortalium invideo,

id. de Vit. Beat. 24, 6; cf.:

si anticum sermonem nostro comparemus, paene jam quidquid loquimur figura est, ut hac re invidere, non ut omnes veteres et Cicero praecipue, hanc rem,

Quint. 9, 3, 11. —

With ob: ob secundas res malorum hominum, Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 5. —

Absol.:

qui invident, eorum, etc.,

of envious men, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 149; Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 17:

qui invidet minor est,

Plin. Ep. 6, 17, 4; Cic. Brut. 50, 188:

non equidem invideo,

Verg. E. 1, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 1; id. P. 1, 8, 8:

invidit Clytie,

id. M. 4, 234.—

Alicui aliquid (mostly post-class.; not in Cic.; cf.

Krebs, Antibarb. p. 624 sq.): fama fuit Monuni Dardanorum principis filiam pacto fratri eum invidisse,

Liv. 44, 30, 4 Weissenb.:

sibi laudem,

Curt. 9, 4, 21:

nobis caeli te regia, Caesar, invidet,

Verg. G. 1, 504:

mihi senectus invidet imperium,

id. A. 8, 509; cf.:

Liber pampineas invidit collibus umbras,

i. e. deprives of, id. E. 7, 58 Forbig. ad loc.; cf. D. infra; Ov. F. 4, 86:

homini misero medicinam,

Petr. 129:

sibi voluptatem,

Spart. Hadr. 20 init.; Val. Max. 4, 3, ext. 1. —

Alicui with object-clause:

invidere alii bene esse, tibi male esse, miseriast,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 31:

nullus est cui non invideant rem secundam optingere,

id. Bacch. 3, 6, 14.—

Aliquid alone, to envy the possession of, envy one on account of:

oro vos id mihi dare quod multi invideant, plures concupiscant,

Nep. Thras. 4, 2:

nam quis invideat mala,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 36; cf.: haec qui gaudent, gaudeant perpetuo suo bono;

qui invident, etc.,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 49. — Pass.: ego cur, acquirere pauca Si possum, invideor? (for cur mihi invidetur) am I envied? Hor. A. P. 56.— Impers.:

invidetur enim commodis hominum ipsorum,

Cic. de Or. 2, 51:

non dixi invidiam, quae tum est, cum invidetur,

id. Tusc. 3, 9, 20.— Hence, P. a., invĭdendus, a, um, enviable:

aula,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 7:

postis,

id. ib. 3, 1, 45; Sen. Const. Sap. 13, 3. —

To be loath, be unwilling; with a foll. inf. ( poet.):

invidens deduci triumpho,

Hor. C. 1, 37, 30. —With abl.: invidere igne rogi miseris, to grudge, i. e. not grant a burning and burial, Luc. 7, 798.—With inf.:

his te quoque jungere, Caesar, Invideo,

am not willing, Luc. 2, 550.—

To emulate, aspire to rival:

Caesar et se illius gloriae invidere, et illum suae invidisse dixit,

Val. Max. 5, 1, 10.—

To hinder, prevent; to refuse, deny:

plurima, quae invideant pure apparere tibi rem,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 100:

invidisse deos, ut Conjugium optatum viderem,

Verg. A. 11, 269; cf.:

tene invidit fortuna mihi, ne, etc.,

id. ib. 11, 43:

Cereri totum natura concessit, oleum ac vinum non invidit tautum,

Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 8:

nobis invidit inutile ferrum,

Ov. P. 2, 8, 59: nec famam invidit Apollo, Sil. 4, 400.—With dat. and abl.:

tibi laude, nobis voluptate,

Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2.— With abl. alone:

ne hostes quidem sepulturā invident,

Tac. A. 1, 22:

exemplo,

id. ib. 15, 63:

spectaculo proelii,

id. G. 33:

bona morte,

Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 8.—Hence,

invĭdens, entis, P. a., envious:

nocere invidenti,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 17; Hor. C. 1, 37, 30; Vell. 2, 73, 1:

sive apud cupidos sive apud invidentes dicendum habuerit orator,

Tac. Dial. 31 med. —

invīsus, a, um, P. a.

Hated, hateful, detested (class.).

Of persons, animals, etc.:

persona lutulenta, impura, invisa,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

Cato,

id. Dom. 25, 65:

suspectos alios invisosque efficere,

Liv. 41, 24, 18:

me invisum meo patri esse intellego,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 79:

invisos nos esse illos,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 48:

deo,

Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 167:

caelestibus,

Verg. A. 1, 387:

divis,

id. ib. 2, 647:

Minervae,

id. G. 4, 246; Ov. Am. 2, 6, 34:

dominae deae,

id. ib. 3, 13, 18:

infamem invisumque plebei Claudium facere,

Liv. 27, 20, 11:

ne invisi apud incolas forent, caverunt,

Just. 36, 2, 15; Quint. 3, 7, 19; 5, 13, 38:

(Helena) abdiderat sese atque aris invisa sedebat,

Verg. A. 2, 574 Forbig. ed. 4 ad loc.; cf.:

Tyndaridis facies invisa,

id. ib. 2, 601. — Comp.:

quo quis versutior et callidior est, hoc invisior et suspectior,

Cic. Off. 2, 9.— Sup.:

ipsi invisissimus fuerat,

Plin. Ep. 2, 20.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things:

cupressus,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 23:

negotia,

id. Ep. 1, 14, 17:

dis inmortalibus oratio nostra,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47:

regna dis invisa,

Verg. A. 8, 245:

Troja jacet Danais invisa puellis,

Ov. H. 1, 3:

improbitas judici,

Quint. 6, 4, 15:

potestatem invisam facere,

Liv. 3, 9, 10:

nomen Romanum ad aliquem,

id. 24, 32, 2:

omnia invisa efficere,

id. 42, 42, 5:

lux,

Verg. A. 4, 631:

facies,

id. ib. 9, 734:

vita,

id. ib. 11, 177:

lumina,

id. ib. 12, 62:

aurum,

Prop. 3, 5, 3:

locus,

Ov. P. 2, 8, 64:

liberalitas,

Curt. 8, 8, 9:

Macedonum nomen,

id. 10, 1, 4.—

In act. sense = inimicus, hostile, malicious (rare and poet.):

invisum quem tu tibi fingis,

Verg. A. 11, 364; cf.:

quae tanta licentia ferri, Gentibus invisis Latium praebere cruorem,

Luc. 1, 9:

invisa belli consulibus fugiens mandat decreta senatus,

id. 1, 488.

in-vĭdĕo, false reading for non vidit, App. Mag. p. 391 Oud.

in-vĭdĕo, vīdi, vīsum, 2, v. a.

Lit.

In gen., i. q. baskainein (fascinare), to look askance at, to look maliciously or spitefully at, to cast an evil eye upon (only anteclass.).—With acc.: ut est in Menalippo: quisnam florem liberūm invidit meūm? Male Latine videtur; sed praeclare Attius; ut enim videre, sic invidere florem rectius, quam flori. Nos consuetudine prohibemur;

poëta jus suum tenuit et dixit audacius,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 9, 20.— Absol.:

ne quis malus invidere possit,

produce misfortune by his evil eye, Cat. 5, 12 sq. —

Trop., to be prejudiced against one, to be influenced by prejudice:

semper dignitatis iniquus judex est, qui aut invidet aut favet,

Cic. Planc. 3, 7; cf.:

cui nisi invidisset is, etc.,

id. Fam. 5, 21, 2.—

Transf.

(I. q. phthonein tini tinos.) To envy or grudge one any thing.

With dat. of the person or thing exciting the feeling:

malim mihi inimicos invidere quam inimicis me meis,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 30:

invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus,

Cic. de Or. 2, 52, 209; id. Ac. 2, 2, 7:

probus invidet nemini,

id. Univ. 3:

bonis,

Sall. C. 51, 38:

invidet ipsa sibi,

Ov. F. 2, 591:

Troasin,

id. H. 13, 137.— Pass. impers.:

sibi ne invideatur,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 15:

illi, quibus invidetur,

id. Truc. 4, 2, 32:

invidia dicitur... etiam in eo cui invidetur,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 16:

si is cui invidetur, et invidet,

Sen. Ep. 84, 11. — Of the thing:

eorum commodis,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 149:

honori,

Verg. A. 5, 541; Cic. Agr. 2 fin.:

virtuti,

id. Balb. 6, 15; id. de Or. 2, 51, 208:

virtuti vestrae,

Sall. C. 58, 21:

omnia tunc quibus invideas si lividulus sis,

Juv. 11, 110.—

Alicui in aliqua re:

in qua (purpura) tibi invideo, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fl. 29, 70:

in hoc Crasso,

id. de Or. 2, 56, 228.—

Alicui with gen. of the thing ( poet.):

neque ille Sepositi ciceris nec longae invidit avenae,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 84.—

Alicui aliqua re:

non inviderunt laude sua mulieribus viri Romani,

Liv. 2, 40, 11:

nobis voluptate,

Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2; so with abl. alone:

ne hostes quidem sepulturā invident,

Tac. A. 1, 22; id. Germ. 33:

nec invidebo vobis hac arte,

Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. §

7: qua (ratione) nulli mortalium invideo,

id. de Vit. Beat. 24, 6; cf.:

si anticum sermonem nostro comparemus, paene jam quidquid loquimur figura est, ut hac re invidere, non ut omnes veteres et Cicero praecipue, hanc rem,

Quint. 9, 3, 11. —

With ob: ob secundas res malorum hominum, Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 5. —

Absol.:

qui invident, eorum, etc.,

of envious men, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 149; Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 17:

qui invidet minor est,

Plin. Ep. 6, 17, 4; Cic. Brut. 50, 188:

non equidem invideo,

Verg. E. 1, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 1; id. P. 1, 8, 8:

invidit Clytie,

id. M. 4, 234.—

Alicui aliquid (mostly post-class.; not in Cic.; cf.

Krebs, Antibarb. p. 624 sq.): fama fuit Monuni Dardanorum principis filiam pacto fratri eum invidisse,

Liv. 44, 30, 4 Weissenb.:

sibi laudem,

Curt. 9, 4, 21:

nobis caeli te regia, Caesar, invidet,

Verg. G. 1, 504:

mihi senectus invidet imperium,

id. A. 8, 509; cf.:

Liber pampineas invidit collibus umbras,

i. e. deprives of, id. E. 7, 58 Forbig. ad loc.; cf. D. infra; Ov. F. 4, 86:

homini misero medicinam,

Petr. 129:

sibi voluptatem,

Spart. Hadr. 20 init.; Val. Max. 4, 3, ext. 1. —

Alicui with object-clause:

invidere alii bene esse, tibi male esse, miseriast,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 31:

nullus est cui non invideant rem secundam optingere,

id. Bacch. 3, 6, 14.—

Aliquid alone, to envy the possession of, envy one on account of:

oro vos id mihi dare quod multi invideant, plures concupiscant,

Nep. Thras. 4, 2:

nam quis invideat mala,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 36; cf.: haec qui gaudent, gaudeant perpetuo suo bono;

qui invident, etc.,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 49. — Pass.: ego cur, acquirere pauca Si possum, invideor? (for cur mihi invidetur) am I envied? Hor. A. P. 56.— Impers.:

invidetur enim commodis hominum ipsorum,

Cic. de Or. 2, 51:

non dixi invidiam, quae tum est, cum invidetur,

id. Tusc. 3, 9, 20.— Hence, P. a., invĭdendus, a, um, enviable:

aula,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 7:

postis,

id. ib. 3, 1, 45; Sen. Const. Sap. 13, 3. —

To be loath, be unwilling; with a foll. inf. ( poet.):

invidens deduci triumpho,

Hor. C. 1, 37, 30. —With abl.: invidere igne rogi miseris, to grudge, i. e. not grant a burning and burial, Luc. 7, 798.—With inf.:

his te quoque jungere, Caesar, Invideo,

am not willing, Luc. 2, 550.—

To emulate, aspire to rival:

Caesar et se illius gloriae invidere, et illum suae invidisse dixit,

Val. Max. 5, 1, 10.—

To hinder, prevent; to refuse, deny:

plurima, quae invideant pure apparere tibi rem,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 100:

invidisse deos, ut Conjugium optatum viderem,

Verg. A. 11, 269; cf.:

tene invidit fortuna mihi, ne, etc.,

id. ib. 11, 43:

Cereri totum natura concessit, oleum ac vinum non invidit tautum,

Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 8:

nobis invidit inutile ferrum,

Ov. P. 2, 8, 59: nec famam invidit Apollo, Sil. 4, 400.—With dat. and abl.:

tibi laude, nobis voluptate,

Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2.— With abl. alone:

ne hostes quidem sepulturā invident,

Tac. A. 1, 22:

exemplo,

id. ib. 15, 63:

spectaculo proelii,

id. G. 33:

bona morte,

Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 8.—Hence,

invĭdens, entis, P. a., envious:

nocere invidenti,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 17; Hor. C. 1, 37, 30; Vell. 2, 73, 1:

sive apud cupidos sive apud invidentes dicendum habuerit orator,

Tac. Dial. 31 med. —

invīsus, a, um, P. a.

Hated, hateful, detested (class.).

Of persons, animals, etc.:

persona lutulenta, impura, invisa,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

Cato,

id. Dom. 25, 65:

suspectos alios invisosque efficere,

Liv. 41, 24, 18:

me invisum meo patri esse intellego,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 79:

invisos nos esse illos,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 48:

deo,

Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 167:

caelestibus,

Verg. A. 1, 387:

divis,

id. ib. 2, 647:

Minervae,

id. G. 4, 246; Ov. Am. 2, 6, 34:

dominae deae,

id. ib. 3, 13, 18:

infamem invisumque plebei Claudium facere,

Liv. 27, 20, 11:

ne invisi apud incolas forent, caverunt,

Just. 36, 2, 15; Quint. 3, 7, 19; 5, 13, 38:

(Helena) abdiderat sese atque aris invisa sedebat,

Verg. A. 2, 574 Forbig. ed. 4 ad loc.; cf.:

Tyndaridis facies invisa,

id. ib. 2, 601. — Comp.:

quo quis versutior et callidior est, hoc invisior et suspectior,

Cic. Off. 2, 9.— Sup.:

ipsi invisissimus fuerat,

Plin. Ep. 2, 20.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things:

cupressus,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 23:

negotia,

id. Ep. 1, 14, 17:

dis inmortalibus oratio nostra,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47:

regna dis invisa,

Verg. A. 8, 245:

Troja jacet Danais invisa puellis,

Ov. H. 1, 3:

improbitas judici,

Quint. 6, 4, 15:

potestatem invisam facere,

Liv. 3, 9, 10:

nomen Romanum ad aliquem,

id. 24, 32, 2:

omnia invisa efficere,

id. 42, 42, 5:

lux,

Verg. A. 4, 631:

facies,

id. ib. 9, 734:

vita,

id. ib. 11, 177:

lumina,

id. ib. 12, 62:

aurum,

Prop. 3, 5, 3:

locus,

Ov. P. 2, 8, 64:

liberalitas,

Curt. 8, 8, 9:

Macedonum nomen,

id. 10, 1, 4.—

In act. sense = inimicus, hostile, malicious (rare and poet.):

invisum quem tu tibi fingis,

Verg. A. 11, 364; cf.:

quae tanta licentia ferri, Gentibus invisis Latium praebere cruorem,

Luc. 1, 9:

invisa belli consulibus fugiens mandat decreta senatus,

id. 1, 488.

in-vĭdĕo, false reading for non vidit, App. Mag. p. 391 Oud.

căpŭt ( kăp-căpud), ĭtis ( abl. sing. regularly capite:

capiti,

Cat. 68, 124; cf. Tib. 1, 1, 72 Huschk., where the MSS., as well as Caes. German. Arat. 213, vary between the two forms), n. [kindr. with Sanscr. kap-āla; Gr. keph-alê; Goth. haubith; Germ. Haupt].

The head, of men and animals:

oscitat in campis caput a cervice revolsum,

Enn. Ann. 462 Vahl.: i lictor, conliga manus, caput obnubito, form. ap. Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. Liv. 1, 26, 6:

tun' capite cano amas, homo nequissume?

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 34; so,

cano capite,

id. As. 5, 2, 84; id. Cas. 3, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 1, 72; Pers. 1, 83 al.; cf. Tib. 1, 10, 43, and:

capitis nives,

Hor. C. 4, 13, 12, and Quint. 8, 6, 17 Spald.:

raso capite calvus,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 306:

irraso,

id. Rud. 5, 2, 16:

intonsum,

Quint. 12, 10, 47:

amputare alicui,

Suet. Galb. 20; Vulg. 1 Par. 10, 9:

capite operto,

Cic. Sen. 10, 34, 34:

obvoluto,

id. Phil. 2, 31, 77 Klotz:

caput aperire,

id. ib.:

abscindere cervicibus,

id. ib. 11, 2, 5:

demittere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 32; Cat. 87, 8; Verg. A. 9, 437: attollere. Ov. M. 5, 503:

extollere,

to become bold, Cic. Planc. 13, 33: efferre, to raise one ' s head, to be eminent, Verg. E. 1, 25 al.—Of animals, Tib. 2, 1, 8; Hor. S. 1, 2, 89; 2, 3, 200; id. Ep. 1, 1, 76 al.—

Prov.: supra caput esse, to be over one ' s head, i. e. to be at one ' s very doors, to threaten in consequence of nearness ( = imminere, impendere), Sall. C. 52, 24; Liv. 3, 17, 2; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. Kritz ad Sall. l. l.: capita conferre (like our phrase to put heads together, i. e to confer together in secret), Liv. 2, 45, 7:

ire praecipitem in lutum, per caputque pedesque,

over head and ears, Cat. 17, 9:

nec caput nec pedes,

neither beginning nor end, good for nothing, Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 2; cf. Cato ap. Liv. Epit. lib. 50; Plaut. As. 3, 3, 139 sq.—

Capita aut navia (al. navim), heads or tails, a play of the Roman youth in which a piece of money is thrown up, to see whether the figure-side (the head of Janus) or the reverse - side (a ship) will fall uppermost, Macr. S. 1, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 3; cf. Ov. F. 1, 239; Paul. Nol. Poëm. 38, 73.—

Poet., the head, as the seat of the understanding:

aliena negotia Per caput saliunt,

run through the head, Hor. S. 2, 6, 34; so id. ib. 2, 3, 132; id. A. P. 300.—

Ad Capita bubula, a place in Rome in the tenth region, where Augustus was born, Suet. Aug. 5.—

Transf., of inanimate things.

In gen., the head, top, summit, point, end, extremity (beginning or end):

ulpici,

Cato, R. R. 71:

allii,

Col. 6, 34, 1:

porri,

id. 11, 3, 17:

papaveris,

Liv. 1, 54, 6; Verg. A. 9, 437:

bulborum,

Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 94:

caulis,

id. 19, 8, 41, § 140 al.:

jecoris (or jecinoris, jocinoris),

Cic. Div. 2, 13, 32; Liv. 8, 9, 1; cf. id. 27, 26, 14; 41, 14, 7; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 244 Müll.:

extorum,

Ov. M. 15, 795; Luc. 1, 627; Plin. 11, 37, 73, § 189: pontis, tēte de pont, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 4; cf. Front. Arat. 2, 13, 5:

tignorum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 9:

columnae,

Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13:

molis,

the highest point of the mole, Curt. 4, 2, 23:

xysti,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 20:

porticus,

id. ib. 5, 6, 19 al.—

Esp., of rivers,

The origin, source, spring ( head):

caput aquae illud est, unde aqua nascitur,

Dig. 43, 20, 1, § 8; so Lucr. 5, 270; 6, 636; 6, 729; Tib. 1, 7, 24; Hor. C. 1, 1, 22; id. S. 1, 10, 37; Verg. G. 4, 319; 4, 368; Ov. M. 2, 255; Hirt. B. G. 8, 41; Liv. 1, 51, 9; 2, 38, 1; 37, 18, 6:

fontium,

Vitr. 8, 1; Mel. 3, 2, 8; Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 5; 10, 91, 1 al.—

(more rare) The mouth, embouchure, Caes. B. G. 4, 10; Liv. 33, 41, 7; Luc. 2, 52; 3, 202.—

Also of plants, sometimes the root, Cato, R. R. 36; 43; 51:

vitis,

id. ib. 33, 1; 95, 2; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 195; Verg. G. 2, 355.—

Also, in reference to the vine, vine branches, Col. 3, 10, 1; Cic. Sen. 15, 53.— Poet., also the summit, top of trees, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, and ap. Non. 195, 24; Ov. M. 1, 567; Poët. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 90; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 370. —

Of mountains, rocks, Verg. A. 4, 249; 6, 360.—

Of a boil that swells out, Cels. 8, 9;

hence, facere,

to come to a head, Plin. 22, 25, 76, § 159; 26, 12, 77, § 125; cf.: capita deorum appellabantur fasciculi facti ex verbenis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64 Müll.—

Per meton. (pars pro toto), a man, person, or animal (very freq. in prose and poetry; cf. kara, kephalê,, in the same signif.;

v. Liddell and Scott and Robinson): pro capite tuo quantum dedit,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 37:

hoc conruptum'st caput,

id. Ep. 1, 1, 85:

siquidem hoc vivet caput, i. e. ego,

id. Ps. 2, 4, 33; so id. Stich. 5, 5, 10; cf. id. Capt. 5, 1, 25:

ridiculum caput!

Ter. And. 2, 2, 34:

festivum,

id. Ad. 2, 3, 8:

lepidum,

id. ib. 5, 9, 9:

carum,

Verg. A. 4, 354; Hor. C. 1, 24, 2:

liberum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 79:

vilia,

Liv. 25, 6, 9:

viliora,

id. 9, 26, 22:

vilissima,

id. 24, 5, 13:

ignota,

id. 3, 7, 7; cf. id. 2, 5, 6:

liberorum servorumque,

id. 29, 29, 3 al. —In imprecations:

istic capiti dicito,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 47; cf.:

vae capiti tuo,

id. Most. 4, 3, 10; so id. Poen. 3, 3, 32; Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 2, 12; Verg. A. 8, 484; 11, 399 al.—With numerals:

capitum Helvetiorum milia CCLXIII.,

souls, Caes. B. G. 1, 29; 4, 15:

quot capitum vivunt, totidem studiorum Milia,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 27; id. Ep. 2, 2, 189; cf. id. C. 1, 28, 20 al.; so, in capita, in distribution, to or for each person (cf. in Heb. also, for each head, poll, = for each individual, v. Robinson in h. v.), Liv. 2, 33, 11; 32, 17, 2; 34, 50, 6 al. (cf.:

in singulos,

id. 42, 4, 5).—Of. the poll-tax:

exactio capitum,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5; so,

capite censi, v. censeo.—Of animals,

Verg. A. 3, 391; Col. 6, 5, 4 fin.; 8, 5, 4; 8, 5, 7; 8, 11, 13; Veg. Vet. 1, 18.—

Trop.

Life, and specif.,

Physical life:

carum,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 33 sq.; 5, 1, 26:

si capitis res siet,

if it is a matter of life and death, id. Trin. 4, 2, 120: capitis periculum adire, to risk one ' s life, Ter. And. 4, 1, 53; id. Hec. 3, 1, 54; cf. id. Phorm. 3, 2, 6 Runnk.:

capitis poena,

capital punishment, Caes. B. G. 7, 71:

pactum pro capite pretium,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107:

cum altero certamen honoris et dignitatis est, cum altero capitis et famae,

id. ib. 1, 12, 38:

cum dimicatione capitis,

id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:

suo capite decernere,

id. Att. 10, 9, 2; so Liv. 2, 12, 10; Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64; Liv. 9, 5, 5:

caput offerre pro patriā,

Cic. Sull. 30, 84:

patrium tibi crede caput, i. e. patris vitam et salutem,

Ov. M. 8, 94; so,

capitis accusare,

to accuse of a capital crime, Nep. Paus. 2 fin.:

absolvere,

id. Milt. 7, 6:

damnare,

id. Alcib. 4, 5; id. Eum. 5, 1:

tergo ac capite puniri,

Liv. 3, 55, 14:

caput Jovi sacrum,

id. 3, 55, 7:

sacratum,

id. 10, 38, 3 al.; cf. Ov. M. 9, 296.—

Civil or political life, acc. to the Roman idea, including the rights of liberty, citizenship, [p. 290] and family (libertatis, civitatis, familiae): its loss or deprivation was called deminutio or minutio capitis, acc. to the foll. jurid. distinction: capitis deminutionis tria genera sunt: maxima, media, minima; tria enim sunt, quae habemus: libertatem, civitatem, familiam. Igitur cum omnia haec amittimus (as by servitude or condemnation to death), maximam esse capitis deminutionem; cum vero amittimus civitatem (as in the interdictio aquae et ignis) libertatem retinemus, mediam esse capitis deminutionem;

cum et libertas et civitas retinetur, familia tantum mutatur (as by adoption, or, in the case of women, by marriage) minimam esse capitis deminutionem constat,

Dig. 4, 5, 11; cf. Just. Inst. 1, 16, 4; Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 181; 1, 54, 231; id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; Liv. 3, 55, 14; 22, 60, 15:

capitis minor,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 42:

servus manumissus capite non minuitur, quia nulnum caput habuit,

Dig. 4, 5, 3, § 1.—Of the deminutio media, Cic. Brut. 36, 136; id. Verr. 2, 2, 40, §§ 98 and 99; id. Quint. 2, 8 al.—Of the deminutio minima, Cic. Top. 4, 18; cf. Gai Inst. 1, 162.—

The first or chief person or thing, the head, leader, chief, guide (very freq.).

With gen.:

scelerum,

an arrant knave, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 19; id. Bacch. 4, 7, 31; id. Mil. 2, 6, 14; id. Ps. 1, 5, 31; 4, 5, 3; id. Rud. 4, 4, 54:

perjuri,

id. ib. 4, 4, 55:

concitandorum Graecorum,

Cic. Fl. 18, 42:

consilil,

Liv. 8, 31, 7:

conjurationis,

id. 9, 26, 7:

caput rei Romanae Camillus,

id. 6, 3, 1; cf.:

caput rerum Masinissam fuisse,

id. 28, 35, 12; so id. 26, 40, 13:

reipublicae,

Tac. A. 1, 13:

nominis Latini,

heads, chiefs, Liv. 1, 52, 4:

belli,

id. 45, 7, 3:

Suevorum,

chieftribe, Tac. G. 39 fin. al.—The predicate in gen. masc.:

capita conjurationis ejus virgis caesi ac securi percussi,

Liv. 10, 1, 3.—

With esse and dat.:

ego caput fui argento reperiundo,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 138; cf.:

illic est huic rei caput,

author, contriver, Ter. And. 2, 6, 27; so id. Ad. 4, 2, 29 al.—

Absol.:

urgerent philosophorum greges, jam ab illo fonte et capite Socrate,

Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:

corpori valido caput deerat,

guide, leader, Liv. 5, 46, 5:

esse aliquod caput (i. e. regem) placebat,

id. 1, 17, 4; cf. id. 1, 23, 4; Hor. S. 2, 5, 74 al.—Of things, head, chief, capital, etc.;

thus of cities: Thebas caput fuisse totius Graeciae,

head, first city, Nep. Epam. 10 fin.; so with gen., Liv. 9, 37, 12; 10, 37, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; 23, 11, 11; 37, 18, 3 (with arx); cf.:

pro capite atque arce Italiae, urbe Romanā,

Liv. 22, 32, 5; and with dat.:

Romam caput Latio esse,

id. 8, 4, 5; and:

brevi caput Italiae omni Capuam fore,

id. 23, 10, 2 Drak. N. cr. —Of other localities:

castellum quod caput ejus regionis erat,

the head, principal place, Liv. 21, 33, 11.—Of other things:

jus nigrum, quod cenae caput erat,

the principal dish, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98; cf. id. Fin. 2, 8, 25:

patrimonii publici,

id. Agr. 1, 7, 21; cf. id. ib. 2, 29, 80; Liv. 6, 14, 10: caput esse artis, decere, the main or principal point, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 132:

caput esse ad beate vivendum securitatem,

id. Lael. 13, 45: ad consilium de re publicā dandum caput est nosse rem publicam;

ad dicendum vero probabiliter, nosse mores civitatis,

id. de Or. 2, 82, 337; 1, 19, 87:

litterarum,

summary, purport, substance, id. Phil. 2, 31, 77:

caput Epicuri,

the fundamental principle, dogma, id. Ac. 2, 32, 101; cf. Quint. 3, 11, 27: rerum, the chief or central point, head, Cic. Brut. 44, 164.—So in writings, a division, section, paragraph, chapter, etc.:

a primo capite legis usque ad extremum,

Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15; cf. id. ib. 2, 10, 26; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 118 Ascon.; id. Fam. 3, 8, 4; Gell. 2, 15, 4 al.; Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 223; id. Fam. 7, 22 med.; Quint. 10, 7, 32:

id quod caput est,

Cic. Att. 1, 17, 4; so id. Fam. 3, 7, 4.—Of money, the principal sum, the capital, stock (syn. sors;

opp. usurae),

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 11; 2, 3, 35, § 80 sq.; id. Att. 15, 26, 4; Liv. 6, 15, 10; 6, 35, 4; Hor. S. 1, 2, 14 al.

lĭcet, cŭit and cĭtum est, 2 (old form, licessit for licuerit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 13; imp. liceto, Lex ap. Inscr. Grut. 202, 508 al.), v. n. and impers. [root lic-; Gr. lip-; v. 1. liceo], it is lawful, it is allowed or permitted; one may or can, one is at liberty to do so and so; constr. with neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron., with inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat., or dat. and inf., with ut or (more freq.) with the simple subj., or entirely absol.

With neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron. as a subject, with or without a dat.:

licere id dicimus, quod legibus, quod more majorum institutisque conceditur. Neque enim quod quisque potest, id ei licet,

Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:

cui facile persuasi, mihi id, quod rogaret, ne licere quidem, non modo non lubere,

id. Att. 14, 19, 4:

quid deceat vos, non quantum liceat vobis, spectare debetis,

id. Rab. Post. 5, 11; cf.:

si hominibus tantum licere judicas, quantum possunt: vide, ne, etc.,

id. Phil. 13, 7, 15:

si illud non licet, Saltem hoc licebit,

Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 12: neque idem ubique aut licet aut decorum est, Quint. 5, 10, 40:

quod in foro non expedit, illic nec liceat,

id. 9, 2, 67:

sin et poterit Naevius id quod lubet et ei lubebit, quod non licet, quid agendum est?

Cic. Quint. 30, 94:

nihil, quod per leges liceret,

id. Mil. 16, 43:

cui tantum de te licuit?

Verg. A. 6, 502; Anthol. Lat. 1, 172, 150:

cui tantum fata licere In generum voluere tuum,

Luc. 9, 1025; cf.:

tantumque licere horruit,

Sil. 14, 670.—Rarely in plur.:

cum in servum omnia liceant, est, etc.,

Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2.—

With inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat.: neque terram inicere, neque cruenta Convestire corpora mihi licuit, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Trag. v. 168 Vahl.):

licet nemini contra patriam ducere exercitum,

Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:

ut tibi id facere liceat,

id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:

M. Catoni licuit Tusculi se in otio delectare,

id. ib. 1, 1, 1:

sceleris crimine liceat Cn. Pompeio mortuo, liceat multis aliis carere,

id. Lig. 6, 18; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 3; Cic. Att. 2, 1, 5:

quaerere, qui licuerit aedificare navem senatori,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 18, § 45:

meamet facta mihi dicere licet,

Sall. J. 85, 24.—Without a dat.:

introire in aedes numquam licitum est,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 70:

impune optare istuc licet,

Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 14:

modo liceat vivere,

id. Heaut. 5, 2, 28:

licetne scire ex te?

id. Hec. 5, 4, 33:

hic subitam rerum commutationem videre licuit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 27, 1; 3, 96, 4:

si facere omnino non licebit,

Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:

licet ora ipsa cernere iratorum,

id. Off. 1, 29, 102; cf. id. Div. 1, 41, 91:

licet hoc videre,

id. de Or. 3, 25, 99; id. Div. 1, 7, 13; id. Inv. 1, 15, 21; 2, 23, 71; 2, 9, 29:

veretur ne non liceat tenere hereditatem,

id. Att. 13, 48, 1:

licetne extra ordinem in provocantem hostem pugnare?

Liv. 23, 47, 1:

poscere ut perculsis instare liceat,

id. 2, 65, 2. —With inf. pass. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 660 sq.):

intellegi jam licet, nullum fore imperium,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

idque e pontificio jure intellegi licet,

id. Tusc. 1, 12, 27; cf.:

his cognosci licuit, quantum, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 28; Cic. Off. 1, 7, 20:

evocari ex insula Cyprios non licet,

id. Att. 5, 21, 6:

in senatu dici nihil liceat,

id. ib. 3, 12, 1:

coöptari sacerdotem licebat,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 9:

in eum ordinem coöptari licet,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 120:

id primum in poëtis cerni licet,

id. de Or. 3, 7, 27; id. Ac. 1, 4, 17.—The noun of the subject-clause is regularly in the acc.:

licet me id scire quid sit?

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 14:

non licet hominem esse, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 53:

si licet me latere,

id. ib. 4, 2, 5:

hocine me miserum non licere meo modo ingenium frui!

id. ib. 2, 4, 21; cf.:

eodem ut jure uti senem Liceat, id. Hec. prol. alt. 3: non licet me isto tanto bono uti,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 59, § 154:

cum non liceret Romae quemquam esse, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 2, 41, §

100: ex eis locis, in quibus te habere nihil licet,

id. ib. 2, 5, 18, §

45: quare licet etiam mortalem esse animum judicantem aeterna moliri,

id. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:

cur his per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberos non licet?

id. Fl. 29, 71 B. and K. (al. liberis; v. infra).—So with esse:

liceat esse miseros,

Cic. Lig. 6, 18; cf.:

medios esse jam non licebit,

id. Att. 10, 8, 4; id. Tusc. 5, 15, 44; 1, 38, 91 Klotz N. cr.; also with fieri:

ut eum liceat ante tempus consulem fieri,

Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

ut jam liceat una comprehensione omnia complecti non dubitantemque dicere, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 26:

haec praescripta servantem licet magnifice vivere,

id. Off. 1, 26, 92:

licet tamen opera prodesse multis, beneficia petentem, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 19, 67.—So with acc. with a subject-inf., esse or fieri, even when licet is accompanied by the dat.:

si civi Romano licet esse Gaditanum,

Cic. Balb. 12, 29:

potest incidere quaestio, An huic esse procuratorem liceat?

Quint. 7, 1, 19:

procuratorem tibi esse non licuit,

id. 4, 4, 6 Zumpt N. cr.:

mihi non licet esse piam,

Ov. H. 14, 64: is erat annus, quo per leges ei consulem fieri liceret Caes. B. C. 3, 1 Oud. N. cr. —But more freq., in this case, there is an attraction of the predicate-noun to the dative dependent on licet.—Hence,

Licet alicui with inf., esp. with esse:

per hanc tibi cenam incenato esse hodie licet,

Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 31:

per hanc curam quieto tibi licet esse,

id. Ep. 3, 2, 2:

licuit esse otioso Themistocli,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33; cf.:

ut tibi abesse liceat, et esse otioso,

id. Att. 9, 2, A, 1: quare [p. 1063] judici mihi non esse liceat, id. Rab. Post. 7, 17:

ut iis ingratis esse non liceat,

id. Off. 2, 18, 63:

quo in genere mihi neglegenti esse non licet,

id. Att. 1, 17, 6:

cur iis per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberis non licet?

id. Fl. 29, 71 (B. and K. liberos; v. supra):

quibus otiosis ne in communi quidem otio liceat esse,

id. Cael. 1, 1:

quibus licet jam esse fortunatissimis,

Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 8:

illis timidis et ignavis licet esse,

Liv. 21, 44, 3.—With other verbs than esse:

ut sibi per te liceat innocenti vitam in egestate degere,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144:

cum postulasset... ut sibi triumphanti urbem invehi liceret,

Liv. 38, 44 fin. —

Very rarely, in this construction, the dative with licet is wanting, and is to be supplied from the connection: atqui licet esse beatis (sc. iis),

Hor. S. 1, 1, 19:

licet eminus esse Fortibus,

Ov. M. 8, 405:

Hannibal precatur deos ut incolumi cedere atque abire liceat,

Liv. 26, 41, 16:

sibi vitam filiae suā cariorem fuisse, si liberae ac pudicae vivere licitum fuisset,

id. 3, 50, 6. Cf. on this and the preced. construction, Krüger, Untersuchungen, vol. iii. p. 359 sq.; Ruddim. 2, p. 15; Zumpt, Gram. § 601; Madv. Gram. § 393, c. and obs. 1.—

With ut, and more freq. with the simple subj.:

neque jam mihi licet neque est integrum, ut, etc.,

Cic. Mur. 4, 8:

facto nunc laedat licet,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 53:

mea quidem causa salvos sis licet,

id. Rud. 1, 2, 51:

ludas licet,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 33:

fremant omnes licet,

Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 195:

sed omnia licet concurrant,

id. Att. 14, 4, 2:

ex qua licet pauca degustes,

id. ib. 1, 16, 8:

vel ipsi hoc dicas licet,

id. ib. 5, 1, 4:

quamvis licet insectemur istos, metuo ne soli philosophi sint,

id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53; cf. id. Leg. 3, 10, 24; id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:

sequatur Hermagoram licebit,

id. Inv. 1, 51, 97; id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

sis pecore et multa dives tellure licebit,

Hor. Epod. 15, 19:

detrahat auctori multum fortuna licebit,

Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 3; Verg. A. 6, 400. Cf. also under II. a.—

As a v. impers. absol., with or without dat.:

immo, aliis si licet, tibi non licet,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 15, 49:

cum licitum est ei,

id. And. 2, 6, 12:

nec crederem mihi impunius Licere,

id. Heaut. 3, 2, 50:

quod profecto faciam, si mihi per ejusdem amicitiam licebit,

Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 3: Ph. Sed quaeso, hominem ut jubeas arcessi. He. Licet, that may be or may be done, I have no objection, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 29:

si per vos licet,

id. As. prol. 12:

id quod postea, si per vos, judices, licitum erit, aperietur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 127:

dum per aetatem licet,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 28:

fruare, dum licet,

id. Heaut. 2, 3, 104; cf.:

dum licet, loquimini mecum,

id. Phorm. 3, 3, 16:

sic ut quimus, aiunt, quando, ut volumus, non licet,

id. And. 4, 5, 10:

ut id, quoad posset, quod fas esset, quoad liceret, populi ad partes daret,

Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 19.

Transf. When licet introduces a subordinate proposition, which makes a concession, without abandoning the main proposition, it is used as a conjunction corresponding to quamvis, quamquam, etsi. In late Latin it is, like these, connected with the indicative, and in the class. per. it is not unfreq. opposed to tamen and certe in the main proposition; even if, although, notwithstanding.

With subj. (class.):

quoniam quidem semel suscepi, licet hercules undique omnes mihi minae et terrores periculaque impendeant omnia, succurram atque subibo,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:

improbitas, licet adversario molesta sit, judici invisa est,

Quint. 6, 4, 15: in comoedia maxime claudamus: licet Varro Musas Plautino dicat sermone locuturas fuisse, si Latine loqui vellent;

licet, etc.,

id. 10, 1, 99:

vita brevis est, licet supra mille annos exeat,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 6:

licet ingens janitor... exsanguis terreat umbras,

Verg. A. 6, 400. —With part. for subj.:

isque, licet caeli regione remotos, mente deos adiit,

Ov. M. 15, 62.—With a corresp. tamen:

licet laudem Fortunam, tamen, ut ne Salutem culpem,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 28:

licet saepius tibi hujus generis litteras mittam... sed tamen, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 27, 1:

licet tibi significarim, ut ad me venires, tamen, etc.,

id. Att. 3, 12, 3; Quint. 2, 2, 8; 8, 3, 69:

licet ergo non sint confirmati testamento, a me tamen, ut confirmati, observabuntur,

Plin. Ep. 2, 16, 3; Quint. 7 praef. § 2: constet illi licet fides et benevolentia, tranquillitas tamen, etc., Sen. Tranq. Anim. 7, 6.—With ellips. of subj.:

immatura licet, tamen huc non noxia veni (sc. venias),

Prop. 5, 11, 17.—With a corresp. certe:

licet enim haec quivis arbitratu suo reprehendat... certe levior reprehensio est,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 102.—

With indic. (post-class.):

licet inter gesta et facta videtur quaedam esse subtilis differentia, attamen, etc.,

Dig. 50, 16, 58; 2, 15, 8, § 25:

licet directae libertates deficiunt, attamen, etc.,

ib. 29, 7, 2: obduxi licet arma, sum Priapus, Poëta ap. Anth. Lat. 5, 218; Macr. S. 1, 11; App. M. 2, p. 117, 25.—

As an adv. with adj. or part., although (post-class.):

licet contumacissimum, tamen efficacissimum, etc.,

Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 8, 1:

miles, licet membris vigentibus firmus, se solum circumspicit,

Amm. 14, 10, 12; 17, 12, 11; Claud. Mam. Paneg. Max. 1.—Hence,

lĭcens, entis, P. a., free, unrestrained, uncurbed, bold, forward, presumptuous, licentious.

Of persons (only poet. and in post-class. prose):

quam audaces et quam licentes sumus qui, etc.,

Gell. 15, 9, 4:

unde licens Fabius sacra Lupercus habet,

Prop. 4, 1, 26:

turba licens, Naides improbae,

Sen. Hippol. 777.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things (once in Cic.; elsewh. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

licentior dithyrambus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 185:

hic tibi multa licet sermone licentia tecto Dicere,

Ov. A. A. 1, 569:

joci,

Stat. S. 1, 6, 93:

licentior epistula, Plin. N. H. prooem. § 1: imperium,

Val. Max. 6, 4, 2:

vita,

id. 9, 1, 3. —Hence, adv.: lĭcenter, freely, according to one's own pleasure or fancy; and, in a bad sense, without restraint, boldly, impudently, licentiously (class.):

at quam licenter!

Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 109:

ut ingredi libere, non ut licenter videatur errare,

id. Or. 23, 77:

Graeci licenter multa,

Quint. 1, 8, 6:

aliquid facere,

Liv. 26, 10.— Comp.:

(servos) licentius, liberius, familiarius cum domina vivere,

Cic. Cael. 23, 57:

Romanos, remoto metu, laxius licentiusque futuros,

more remiss in their discipline, Sall. J. 87 fin.:

gerere res communes,

id. ib. 108:

ausi aliquid,

Quint. 2, 4, 14:

si quid licentius dixerint,

id. 1, 2, 7:

translata,

id. 8, 3, 37; 12, 10, 50:

Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane licentius, quam ut fori severitas ferat,

id. 8, 6, 24; Tac. A. 6, 13.—

lĭcĭtus, a, um, P. a., permitted, allowed, allowable, lawful ( poet. and post-Aug. for permissus, honestus):

sermo,

Verg. A. 8, 468:

torus,

Petr. 34, 8:

acies,

Stat. Th. 11, 123:

negotiatio,

Dig. 37, 14, 2:

contractus,

ib. 50, 14, 3.—In plur. as subst.: lĭcĭta, ōrum, n., things that are lawful:

ipse per licita atque illicita foedatus,

Tac. A. 15, 37.—Hence, adv., in two forms: lĭcĭtē and lĭcĭtō, rightfully, lawfully (post-class. for juste, honeste, legitime).—Form licite, Dig. 30, 114, § 5.—

Form licito,

Sol. 11, 8; Cod. Th. 11, 8, 3.

lĭcet, cŭit and cĭtum est, 2 (old form, licessit for licuerit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 13; imp. liceto, Lex ap. Inscr. Grut. 202, 508 al.), v. n. and impers. [root lic-; Gr. lip-; v. 1. liceo], it is lawful, it is allowed or permitted; one may or can, one is at liberty to do so and so; constr. with neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron., with inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat., or dat. and inf., with ut or (more freq.) with the simple subj., or entirely absol.

With neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron. as a subject, with or without a dat.:

licere id dicimus, quod legibus, quod more majorum institutisque conceditur. Neque enim quod quisque potest, id ei licet,

Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:

cui facile persuasi, mihi id, quod rogaret, ne licere quidem, non modo non lubere,

id. Att. 14, 19, 4:

quid deceat vos, non quantum liceat vobis, spectare debetis,

id. Rab. Post. 5, 11; cf.:

si hominibus tantum licere judicas, quantum possunt: vide, ne, etc.,

id. Phil. 13, 7, 15:

si illud non licet, Saltem hoc licebit,

Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 12: neque idem ubique aut licet aut decorum est, Quint. 5, 10, 40:

quod in foro non expedit, illic nec liceat,

id. 9, 2, 67:

sin et poterit Naevius id quod lubet et ei lubebit, quod non licet, quid agendum est?

Cic. Quint. 30, 94:

nihil, quod per leges liceret,

id. Mil. 16, 43:

cui tantum de te licuit?

Verg. A. 6, 502; Anthol. Lat. 1, 172, 150:

cui tantum fata licere In generum voluere tuum,

Luc. 9, 1025; cf.:

tantumque licere horruit,

Sil. 14, 670.—Rarely in plur.:

cum in servum omnia liceant, est, etc.,

Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2.—

With inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat.: neque terram inicere, neque cruenta Convestire corpora mihi licuit, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Trag. v. 168 Vahl.):

licet nemini contra patriam ducere exercitum,

Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:

ut tibi id facere liceat,

id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:

M. Catoni licuit Tusculi se in otio delectare,

id. ib. 1, 1, 1:

sceleris crimine liceat Cn. Pompeio mortuo, liceat multis aliis carere,

id. Lig. 6, 18; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 3; Cic. Att. 2, 1, 5:

quaerere, qui licuerit aedificare navem senatori,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 18, § 45:

meamet facta mihi dicere licet,

Sall. J. 85, 24.—Without a dat.:

introire in aedes numquam licitum est,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 70:

impune optare istuc licet,

Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 14:

modo liceat vivere,

id. Heaut. 5, 2, 28:

licetne scire ex te?

id. Hec. 5, 4, 33:

hic subitam rerum commutationem videre licuit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 27, 1; 3, 96, 4:

si facere omnino non licebit,

Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:

licet ora ipsa cernere iratorum,

id. Off. 1, 29, 102; cf. id. Div. 1, 41, 91:

licet hoc videre,

id. de Or. 3, 25, 99; id. Div. 1, 7, 13; id. Inv. 1, 15, 21; 2, 23, 71; 2, 9, 29:

veretur ne non liceat tenere hereditatem,

id. Att. 13, 48, 1:

licetne extra ordinem in provocantem hostem pugnare?

Liv. 23, 47, 1:

poscere ut perculsis instare liceat,

id. 2, 65, 2. —With inf. pass. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 660 sq.):

intellegi jam licet, nullum fore imperium,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

idque e pontificio jure intellegi licet,

id. Tusc. 1, 12, 27; cf.:

his cognosci licuit, quantum, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 28; Cic. Off. 1, 7, 20:

evocari ex insula Cyprios non licet,

id. Att. 5, 21, 6:

in senatu dici nihil liceat,

id. ib. 3, 12, 1:

coöptari sacerdotem licebat,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 9:

in eum ordinem coöptari licet,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 120:

id primum in poëtis cerni licet,

id. de Or. 3, 7, 27; id. Ac. 1, 4, 17.—The noun of the subject-clause is regularly in the acc.:

licet me id scire quid sit?

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 14:

non licet hominem esse, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 53:

si licet me latere,

id. ib. 4, 2, 5:

hocine me miserum non licere meo modo ingenium frui!

id. ib. 2, 4, 21; cf.:

eodem ut jure uti senem Liceat, id. Hec. prol. alt. 3: non licet me isto tanto bono uti,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 59, § 154:

cum non liceret Romae quemquam esse, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 2, 41, §

100: ex eis locis, in quibus te habere nihil licet,

id. ib. 2, 5, 18, §

45: quare licet etiam mortalem esse animum judicantem aeterna moliri,

id. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:

cur his per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberos non licet?

id. Fl. 29, 71 B. and K. (al. liberis; v. infra).—So with esse:

liceat esse miseros,

Cic. Lig. 6, 18; cf.:

medios esse jam non licebit,

id. Att. 10, 8, 4; id. Tusc. 5, 15, 44; 1, 38, 91 Klotz N. cr.; also with fieri:

ut eum liceat ante tempus consulem fieri,

Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

ut jam liceat una comprehensione omnia complecti non dubitantemque dicere, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 26:

haec praescripta servantem licet magnifice vivere,

id. Off. 1, 26, 92:

licet tamen opera prodesse multis, beneficia petentem, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 19, 67.—So with acc. with a subject-inf., esse or fieri, even when licet is accompanied by the dat.:

si civi Romano licet esse Gaditanum,

Cic. Balb. 12, 29:

potest incidere quaestio, An huic esse procuratorem liceat?

Quint. 7, 1, 19:

procuratorem tibi esse non licuit,

id. 4, 4, 6 Zumpt N. cr.:

mihi non licet esse piam,

Ov. H. 14, 64: is erat annus, quo per leges ei consulem fieri liceret Caes. B. C. 3, 1 Oud. N. cr. —But more freq., in this case, there is an attraction of the predicate-noun to the dative dependent on licet.—Hence,

Licet alicui with inf., esp. with esse:

per hanc tibi cenam incenato esse hodie licet,

Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 31:

per hanc curam quieto tibi licet esse,

id. Ep. 3, 2, 2:

licuit esse otioso Themistocli,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33; cf.:

ut tibi abesse liceat, et esse otioso,

id. Att. 9, 2, A, 1: quare [p. 1063] judici mihi non esse liceat, id. Rab. Post. 7, 17:

ut iis ingratis esse non liceat,

id. Off. 2, 18, 63:

quo in genere mihi neglegenti esse non licet,

id. Att. 1, 17, 6:

cur iis per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberis non licet?

id. Fl. 29, 71 (B. and K. liberos; v. supra):

quibus otiosis ne in communi quidem otio liceat esse,

id. Cael. 1, 1:

quibus licet jam esse fortunatissimis,

Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 8:

illis timidis et ignavis licet esse,

Liv. 21, 44, 3.—With other verbs than esse:

ut sibi per te liceat innocenti vitam in egestate degere,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144:

cum postulasset... ut sibi triumphanti urbem invehi liceret,

Liv. 38, 44 fin. —

Very rarely, in this construction, the dative with licet is wanting, and is to be supplied from the connection: atqui licet esse beatis (sc. iis),

Hor. S. 1, 1, 19:

licet eminus esse Fortibus,

Ov. M. 8, 405:

Hannibal precatur deos ut incolumi cedere atque abire liceat,

Liv. 26, 41, 16:

sibi vitam filiae suā cariorem fuisse, si liberae ac pudicae vivere licitum fuisset,

id. 3, 50, 6. Cf. on this and the preced. construction, Krüger, Untersuchungen, vol. iii. p. 359 sq.; Ruddim. 2, p. 15; Zumpt, Gram. § 601; Madv. Gram. § 393, c. and obs. 1.—

With ut, and more freq. with the simple subj.:

neque jam mihi licet neque est integrum, ut, etc.,

Cic. Mur. 4, 8:

facto nunc laedat licet,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 53:

mea quidem causa salvos sis licet,

id. Rud. 1, 2, 51:

ludas licet,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 33:

fremant omnes licet,

Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 195:

sed omnia licet concurrant,

id. Att. 14, 4, 2:

ex qua licet pauca degustes,

id. ib. 1, 16, 8:

vel ipsi hoc dicas licet,

id. ib. 5, 1, 4:

quamvis licet insectemur istos, metuo ne soli philosophi sint,

id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53; cf. id. Leg. 3, 10, 24; id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:

sequatur Hermagoram licebit,

id. Inv. 1, 51, 97; id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

sis pecore et multa dives tellure licebit,

Hor. Epod. 15, 19:

detrahat auctori multum fortuna licebit,

Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 3; Verg. A. 6, 400. Cf. also under II. a.—

As a v. impers. absol., with or without dat.:

immo, aliis si licet, tibi non licet,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 15, 49:

cum licitum est ei,

id. And. 2, 6, 12:

nec crederem mihi impunius Licere,

id. Heaut. 3, 2, 50:

quod profecto faciam, si mihi per ejusdem amicitiam licebit,

Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 3: Ph. Sed quaeso, hominem ut jubeas arcessi. He. Licet, that may be or may be done, I have no objection, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 29:

si per vos licet,

id. As. prol. 12:

id quod postea, si per vos, judices, licitum erit, aperietur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 127:

dum per aetatem licet,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 28:

fruare, dum licet,

id. Heaut. 2, 3, 104; cf.:

dum licet, loquimini mecum,

id. Phorm. 3, 3, 16:

sic ut quimus, aiunt, quando, ut volumus, non licet,

id. And. 4, 5, 10:

ut id, quoad posset, quod fas esset, quoad liceret, populi ad partes daret,

Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 19.

Transf. When licet introduces a subordinate proposition, which makes a concession, without abandoning the main proposition, it is used as a conjunction corresponding to quamvis, quamquam, etsi. In late Latin it is, like these, connected with the indicative, and in the class. per. it is not unfreq. opposed to tamen and certe in the main proposition; even if, although, notwithstanding.

With subj. (class.):

quoniam quidem semel suscepi, licet hercules undique omnes mihi minae et terrores periculaque impendeant omnia, succurram atque subibo,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:

improbitas, licet adversario molesta sit, judici invisa est,

Quint. 6, 4, 15: in comoedia maxime claudamus: licet Varro Musas Plautino dicat sermone locuturas fuisse, si Latine loqui vellent;

licet, etc.,

id. 10, 1, 99:

vita brevis est, licet supra mille annos exeat,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 6:

licet ingens janitor... exsanguis terreat umbras,

Verg. A. 6, 400. —With part. for subj.:

isque, licet caeli regione remotos, mente deos adiit,

Ov. M. 15, 62.—With a corresp. tamen:

licet laudem Fortunam, tamen, ut ne Salutem culpem,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 28:

licet saepius tibi hujus generis litteras mittam... sed tamen, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 27, 1:

licet tibi significarim, ut ad me venires, tamen, etc.,

id. Att. 3, 12, 3; Quint. 2, 2, 8; 8, 3, 69:

licet ergo non sint confirmati testamento, a me tamen, ut confirmati, observabuntur,

Plin. Ep. 2, 16, 3; Quint. 7 praef. § 2: constet illi licet fides et benevolentia, tranquillitas tamen, etc., Sen. Tranq. Anim. 7, 6.—With ellips. of subj.:

immatura licet, tamen huc non noxia veni (sc. venias),

Prop. 5, 11, 17.—With a corresp. certe:

licet enim haec quivis arbitratu suo reprehendat... certe levior reprehensio est,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 102.—

With indic. (post-class.):

licet inter gesta et facta videtur quaedam esse subtilis differentia, attamen, etc.,

Dig. 50, 16, 58; 2, 15, 8, § 25:

licet directae libertates deficiunt, attamen, etc.,

ib. 29, 7, 2: obduxi licet arma, sum Priapus, Poëta ap. Anth. Lat. 5, 218; Macr. S. 1, 11; App. M. 2, p. 117, 25.—

As an adv. with adj. or part., although (post-class.):

licet contumacissimum, tamen efficacissimum, etc.,

Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 8, 1:

miles, licet membris vigentibus firmus, se solum circumspicit,

Amm. 14, 10, 12; 17, 12, 11; Claud. Mam. Paneg. Max. 1.—Hence,

lĭcens, entis, P. a., free, unrestrained, uncurbed, bold, forward, presumptuous, licentious.

Of persons (only poet. and in post-class. prose):

quam audaces et quam licentes sumus qui, etc.,

Gell. 15, 9, 4:

unde licens Fabius sacra Lupercus habet,

Prop. 4, 1, 26:

turba licens, Naides improbae,

Sen. Hippol. 777.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things (once in Cic.; elsewh. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

licentior dithyrambus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 185:

hic tibi multa licet sermone licentia tecto Dicere,

Ov. A. A. 1, 569:

joci,

Stat. S. 1, 6, 93:

licentior epistula, Plin. N. H. prooem. § 1: imperium,

Val. Max. 6, 4, 2:

vita,

id. 9, 1, 3. —Hence, adv.: lĭcenter, freely, according to one's own pleasure or fancy; and, in a bad sense, without restraint, boldly, impudently, licentiously (class.):

at quam licenter!

Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 109:

ut ingredi libere, non ut licenter videatur errare,

id. Or. 23, 77:

Graeci licenter multa,

Quint. 1, 8, 6:

aliquid facere,

Liv. 26, 10.— Comp.:

(servos) licentius, liberius, familiarius cum domina vivere,

Cic. Cael. 23, 57:

Romanos, remoto metu, laxius licentiusque futuros,

more remiss in their discipline, Sall. J. 87 fin.:

gerere res communes,

id. ib. 108:

ausi aliquid,

Quint. 2, 4, 14:

si quid licentius dixerint,

id. 1, 2, 7:

translata,

id. 8, 3, 37; 12, 10, 50:

Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane licentius, quam ut fori severitas ferat,

id. 8, 6, 24; Tac. A. 6, 13.—

lĭcĭtus, a, um, P. a., permitted, allowed, allowable, lawful ( poet. and post-Aug. for permissus, honestus):

sermo,

Verg. A. 8, 468:

torus,

Petr. 34, 8:

acies,

Stat. Th. 11, 123:

negotiatio,

Dig. 37, 14, 2:

contractus,

ib. 50, 14, 3.—In plur. as subst.: lĭcĭta, ōrum, n., things that are lawful:

ipse per licita atque illicita foedatus,

Tac. A. 15, 37.—Hence, adv., in two forms: lĭcĭtē and lĭcĭtō, rightfully, lawfully (post-class. for juste, honeste, legitime).—Form licite, Dig. 30, 114, § 5.—

Form licito,

Sol. 11, 8; Cod. Th. 11, 8, 3.

lĭcet, cŭit and cĭtum est, 2 (old form, licessit for licuerit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 13; imp. liceto, Lex ap. Inscr. Grut. 202, 508 al.), v. n. and impers. [root lic-; Gr. lip-; v. 1. liceo], it is lawful, it is allowed or permitted; one may or can, one is at liberty to do so and so; constr. with neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron., with inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat., or dat. and inf., with ut or (more freq.) with the simple subj., or entirely absol.

With neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron. as a subject, with or without a dat.:

licere id dicimus, quod legibus, quod more majorum institutisque conceditur. Neque enim quod quisque potest, id ei licet,

Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:

cui facile persuasi, mihi id, quod rogaret, ne licere quidem, non modo non lubere,

id. Att. 14, 19, 4:

quid deceat vos, non quantum liceat vobis, spectare debetis,

id. Rab. Post. 5, 11; cf.:

si hominibus tantum licere judicas, quantum possunt: vide, ne, etc.,

id. Phil. 13, 7, 15:

si illud non licet, Saltem hoc licebit,

Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 12: neque idem ubique aut licet aut decorum est, Quint. 5, 10, 40:

quod in foro non expedit, illic nec liceat,

id. 9, 2, 67:

sin et poterit Naevius id quod lubet et ei lubebit, quod non licet, quid agendum est?

Cic. Quint. 30, 94:

nihil, quod per leges liceret,

id. Mil. 16, 43:

cui tantum de te licuit?

Verg. A. 6, 502; Anthol. Lat. 1, 172, 150:

cui tantum fata licere In generum voluere tuum,

Luc. 9, 1025; cf.:

tantumque licere horruit,

Sil. 14, 670.—Rarely in plur.:

cum in servum omnia liceant, est, etc.,

Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2.—

With inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat.: neque terram inicere, neque cruenta Convestire corpora mihi licuit, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Trag. v. 168 Vahl.):

licet nemini contra patriam ducere exercitum,

Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:

ut tibi id facere liceat,

id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:

M. Catoni licuit Tusculi se in otio delectare,

id. ib. 1, 1, 1:

sceleris crimine liceat Cn. Pompeio mortuo, liceat multis aliis carere,

id. Lig. 6, 18; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 3; Cic. Att. 2, 1, 5:

quaerere, qui licuerit aedificare navem senatori,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 18, § 45:

meamet facta mihi dicere licet,

Sall. J. 85, 24.—Without a dat.:

introire in aedes numquam licitum est,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 70:

impune optare istuc licet,

Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 14:

modo liceat vivere,

id. Heaut. 5, 2, 28:

licetne scire ex te?

id. Hec. 5, 4, 33:

hic subitam rerum commutationem videre licuit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 27, 1; 3, 96, 4:

si facere omnino non licebit,

Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:

licet ora ipsa cernere iratorum,

id. Off. 1, 29, 102; cf. id. Div. 1, 41, 91:

licet hoc videre,

id. de Or. 3, 25, 99; id. Div. 1, 7, 13; id. Inv. 1, 15, 21; 2, 23, 71; 2, 9, 29:

veretur ne non liceat tenere hereditatem,

id. Att. 13, 48, 1:

licetne extra ordinem in provocantem hostem pugnare?

Liv. 23, 47, 1:

poscere ut perculsis instare liceat,

id. 2, 65, 2. —With inf. pass. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 660 sq.):

intellegi jam licet, nullum fore imperium,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

idque e pontificio jure intellegi licet,

id. Tusc. 1, 12, 27; cf.:

his cognosci licuit, quantum, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 28; Cic. Off. 1, 7, 20:

evocari ex insula Cyprios non licet,

id. Att. 5, 21, 6:

in senatu dici nihil liceat,

id. ib. 3, 12, 1:

coöptari sacerdotem licebat,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 9:

in eum ordinem coöptari licet,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 120:

id primum in poëtis cerni licet,

id. de Or. 3, 7, 27; id. Ac. 1, 4, 17.—The noun of the subject-clause is regularly in the acc.:

licet me id scire quid sit?

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 14:

non licet hominem esse, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 53:

si licet me latere,

id. ib. 4, 2, 5:

hocine me miserum non licere meo modo ingenium frui!

id. ib. 2, 4, 21; cf.:

eodem ut jure uti senem Liceat, id. Hec. prol. alt. 3: non licet me isto tanto bono uti,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 59, § 154:

cum non liceret Romae quemquam esse, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 2, 41, §

100: ex eis locis, in quibus te habere nihil licet,

id. ib. 2, 5, 18, §

45: quare licet etiam mortalem esse animum judicantem aeterna moliri,

id. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:

cur his per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberos non licet?

id. Fl. 29, 71 B. and K. (al. liberis; v. infra).—So with esse:

liceat esse miseros,

Cic. Lig. 6, 18; cf.:

medios esse jam non licebit,

id. Att. 10, 8, 4; id. Tusc. 5, 15, 44; 1, 38, 91 Klotz N. cr.; also with fieri:

ut eum liceat ante tempus consulem fieri,

Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

ut jam liceat una comprehensione omnia complecti non dubitantemque dicere, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 26:

haec praescripta servantem licet magnifice vivere,

id. Off. 1, 26, 92:

licet tamen opera prodesse multis, beneficia petentem, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 19, 67.—So with acc. with a subject-inf., esse or fieri, even when licet is accompanied by the dat.:

si civi Romano licet esse Gaditanum,

Cic. Balb. 12, 29:

potest incidere quaestio, An huic esse procuratorem liceat?

Quint. 7, 1, 19:

procuratorem tibi esse non licuit,

id. 4, 4, 6 Zumpt N. cr.:

mihi non licet esse piam,

Ov. H. 14, 64: is erat annus, quo per leges ei consulem fieri liceret Caes. B. C. 3, 1 Oud. N. cr. —But more freq., in this case, there is an attraction of the predicate-noun to the dative dependent on licet.—Hence,

Licet alicui with inf., esp. with esse:

per hanc tibi cenam incenato esse hodie licet,

Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 31:

per hanc curam quieto tibi licet esse,

id. Ep. 3, 2, 2:

licuit esse otioso Themistocli,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33; cf.:

ut tibi abesse liceat, et esse otioso,

id. Att. 9, 2, A, 1: quare [p. 1063] judici mihi non esse liceat, id. Rab. Post. 7, 17:

ut iis ingratis esse non liceat,

id. Off. 2, 18, 63:

quo in genere mihi neglegenti esse non licet,

id. Att. 1, 17, 6:

cur iis per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberis non licet?

id. Fl. 29, 71 (B. and K. liberos; v. supra):

quibus otiosis ne in communi quidem otio liceat esse,

id. Cael. 1, 1:

quibus licet jam esse fortunatissimis,

Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 8:

illis timidis et ignavis licet esse,

Liv. 21, 44, 3.—With other verbs than esse:

ut sibi per te liceat innocenti vitam in egestate degere,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144:

cum postulasset... ut sibi triumphanti urbem invehi liceret,

Liv. 38, 44 fin. —

Very rarely, in this construction, the dative with licet is wanting, and is to be supplied from the connection: atqui licet esse beatis (sc. iis),

Hor. S. 1, 1, 19:

licet eminus esse Fortibus,

Ov. M. 8, 405:

Hannibal precatur deos ut incolumi cedere atque abire liceat,

Liv. 26, 41, 16:

sibi vitam filiae suā cariorem fuisse, si liberae ac pudicae vivere licitum fuisset,

id. 3, 50, 6. Cf. on this and the preced. construction, Krüger, Untersuchungen, vol. iii. p. 359 sq.; Ruddim. 2, p. 15; Zumpt, Gram. § 601; Madv. Gram. § 393, c. and obs. 1.—

With ut, and more freq. with the simple subj.:

neque jam mihi licet neque est integrum, ut, etc.,

Cic. Mur. 4, 8:

facto nunc laedat licet,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 53:

mea quidem causa salvos sis licet,

id. Rud. 1, 2, 51:

ludas licet,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 33:

fremant omnes licet,

Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 195:

sed omnia licet concurrant,

id. Att. 14, 4, 2:

ex qua licet pauca degustes,

id. ib. 1, 16, 8:

vel ipsi hoc dicas licet,

id. ib. 5, 1, 4:

quamvis licet insectemur istos, metuo ne soli philosophi sint,

id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53; cf. id. Leg. 3, 10, 24; id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:

sequatur Hermagoram licebit,

id. Inv. 1, 51, 97; id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

sis pecore et multa dives tellure licebit,

Hor. Epod. 15, 19:

detrahat auctori multum fortuna licebit,

Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 3; Verg. A. 6, 400. Cf. also under II. a.—

As a v. impers. absol., with or without dat.:

immo, aliis si licet, tibi non licet,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 15, 49:

cum licitum est ei,

id. And. 2, 6, 12:

nec crederem mihi impunius Licere,

id. Heaut. 3, 2, 50:

quod profecto faciam, si mihi per ejusdem amicitiam licebit,

Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 3: Ph. Sed quaeso, hominem ut jubeas arcessi. He. Licet, that may be or may be done, I have no objection, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 29:

si per vos licet,

id. As. prol. 12:

id quod postea, si per vos, judices, licitum erit, aperietur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 127:

dum per aetatem licet,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 28:

fruare, dum licet,

id. Heaut. 2, 3, 104; cf.:

dum licet, loquimini mecum,

id. Phorm. 3, 3, 16:

sic ut quimus, aiunt, quando, ut volumus, non licet,

id. And. 4, 5, 10:

ut id, quoad posset, quod fas esset, quoad liceret, populi ad partes daret,

Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 19.

Transf. When licet introduces a subordinate proposition, which makes a concession, without abandoning the main proposition, it is used as a conjunction corresponding to quamvis, quamquam, etsi. In late Latin it is, like these, connected with the indicative, and in the class. per. it is not unfreq. opposed to tamen and certe in the main proposition; even if, although, notwithstanding.

With subj. (class.):

quoniam quidem semel suscepi, licet hercules undique omnes mihi minae et terrores periculaque impendeant omnia, succurram atque subibo,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:

improbitas, licet adversario molesta sit, judici invisa est,

Quint. 6, 4, 15: in comoedia maxime claudamus: licet Varro Musas Plautino dicat sermone locuturas fuisse, si Latine loqui vellent;

licet, etc.,

id. 10, 1, 99:

vita brevis est, licet supra mille annos exeat,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 6:

licet ingens janitor... exsanguis terreat umbras,

Verg. A. 6, 400. —With part. for subj.:

isque, licet caeli regione remotos, mente deos adiit,

Ov. M. 15, 62.—With a corresp. tamen:

licet laudem Fortunam, tamen, ut ne Salutem culpem,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 28:

licet saepius tibi hujus generis litteras mittam... sed tamen, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 27, 1:

licet tibi significarim, ut ad me venires, tamen, etc.,

id. Att. 3, 12, 3; Quint. 2, 2, 8; 8, 3, 69:

licet ergo non sint confirmati testamento, a me tamen, ut confirmati, observabuntur,

Plin. Ep. 2, 16, 3; Quint. 7 praef. § 2: constet illi licet fides et benevolentia, tranquillitas tamen, etc., Sen. Tranq. Anim. 7, 6.—With ellips. of subj.:

immatura licet, tamen huc non noxia veni (sc. venias),

Prop. 5, 11, 17.—With a corresp. certe:

licet enim haec quivis arbitratu suo reprehendat... certe levior reprehensio est,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 102.—

With indic. (post-class.):

licet inter gesta et facta videtur quaedam esse subtilis differentia, attamen, etc.,

Dig. 50, 16, 58; 2, 15, 8, § 25:

licet directae libertates deficiunt, attamen, etc.,

ib. 29, 7, 2: obduxi licet arma, sum Priapus, Poëta ap. Anth. Lat. 5, 218; Macr. S. 1, 11; App. M. 2, p. 117, 25.—

As an adv. with adj. or part., although (post-class.):

licet contumacissimum, tamen efficacissimum, etc.,

Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 8, 1:

miles, licet membris vigentibus firmus, se solum circumspicit,

Amm. 14, 10, 12; 17, 12, 11; Claud. Mam. Paneg. Max. 1.—Hence,

lĭcens, entis, P. a., free, unrestrained, uncurbed, bold, forward, presumptuous, licentious.

Of persons (only poet. and in post-class. prose):

quam audaces et quam licentes sumus qui, etc.,

Gell. 15, 9, 4:

unde licens Fabius sacra Lupercus habet,

Prop. 4, 1, 26:

turba licens, Naides improbae,

Sen. Hippol. 777.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things (once in Cic.; elsewh. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

licentior dithyrambus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 185:

hic tibi multa licet sermone licentia tecto Dicere,

Ov. A. A. 1, 569:

joci,

Stat. S. 1, 6, 93:

licentior epistula, Plin. N. H. prooem. § 1: imperium,

Val. Max. 6, 4, 2:

vita,

id. 9, 1, 3. —Hence, adv.: lĭcenter, freely, according to one's own pleasure or fancy; and, in a bad sense, without restraint, boldly, impudently, licentiously (class.):

at quam licenter!

Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 109:

ut ingredi libere, non ut licenter videatur errare,

id. Or. 23, 77:

Graeci licenter multa,

Quint. 1, 8, 6:

aliquid facere,

Liv. 26, 10.— Comp.:

(servos) licentius, liberius, familiarius cum domina vivere,

Cic. Cael. 23, 57:

Romanos, remoto metu, laxius licentiusque futuros,

more remiss in their discipline, Sall. J. 87 fin.:

gerere res communes,

id. ib. 108:

ausi aliquid,

Quint. 2, 4, 14:

si quid licentius dixerint,

id. 1, 2, 7:

translata,

id. 8, 3, 37; 12, 10, 50:

Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane licentius, quam ut fori severitas ferat,

id. 8, 6, 24; Tac. A. 6, 13.—

lĭcĭtus, a, um, P. a., permitted, allowed, allowable, lawful ( poet. and post-Aug. for permissus, honestus):

sermo,

Verg. A. 8, 468:

torus,

Petr. 34, 8:

acies,

Stat. Th. 11, 123:

negotiatio,

Dig. 37, 14, 2:

contractus,

ib. 50, 14, 3.—In plur. as subst.: lĭcĭta, ōrum, n., things that are lawful:

ipse per licita atque illicita foedatus,

Tac. A. 15, 37.—Hence, adv., in two forms: lĭcĭtē and lĭcĭtō, rightfully, lawfully (post-class. for juste, honeste, legitime).—Form licite, Dig. 30, 114, § 5.—

Form licito,

Sol. 11, 8; Cod. Th. 11, 8, 3.

macto, āvi, ātum, 1 (old form of perf. subj. mactassint, Enn., Afran., and Pompon. ap. Non. 342, 12 sq.), v. freq. a. [macto, kindr. to Sanscr. makh, mah; intens. māmahyata, to slaughter, sacrifice; maha, victim; the ct in macto like vectum from veho; hence],

Within the religious sphere, to offer, sacrifice, immolate any thing in honor of the gods:

ferctum Jovi moveto et mactato sic,

Cato, R. R. 134, 2; so id. ib. § 4: pultem dis mactat, Varr. ap. Non. 341, 28:

nigras pecudes,

Lucr. 3, 52:

lectas de more bidentes Cereri,

Verg. A. 4, 57; Varr. ap. Non. 114, 27:

mactatus vitulus concidit propter aras,

Lucr. 2, 353:

manibus divis mactata,

id. 6, 759:

mactata veniet lenior hostia,

Hor. C. 1, 19, 16:

mactata Polyxena,

Ov. M. 13, 448:

trecenti ex dediticiis hostiarum more mactati,

Suet. Aug. 15:

vite caper morsa Bacchi mactandus ad aras,

Ov. M. 15, 114:

suovetaurilia mactanda, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.: se Orco,

Liv. 9, 40:

hostium legiones Telluri ac diis Manibus mactandas dabo,

id. 10, 28; cf.:

ruptores pacis ultioni et gloriae,

Tac. A. 2, 13.—

Beyond the relig. sphere.

To present, reward, honor with any thing good or bad: Livius inde redit magno mactatu' triumpho, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 9, 641 (Ann. v. 302 Vahl.):

eos ferunt laudibus et mactant honoribus,

heap honors on, extol, Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67 (also ap. Non. 342, 5); id. Vatin. 6, 14; id. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Far more freq. in a bad sense, to afflict, trouble, punish with any thing: illum di deaeque magno mactassint malo, Enn. ap. Non. 342, 15 (Trag. v. 377 Vahl.); Afran. ib. 16; Cic. Vatin. 15, 36; cf. without abl., Pompon. ib. 12:

dotatae mactant et malo et damno viros,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 61; cf.:

mactare malo adficere significat,

Non. 342, 8:

aliquem infortunio,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 14: faxo tali eum mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio, * Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39:

hostes patriae aeternis suppliciis vivos mortuosque mactabis,

pursue, punish, Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 33; cf.:

divisores omnium tribuum domi ipse suae crudelissima morte mactaret,

id. Harusp. Resp. 20, 42:

aliquem summo supplicio,

id. ib. 1, 11, 27:

aliquem morte,

id. Rep. 2, 35, 60:

mactantur comminus uno exitio,

Sil. 17, 500.—

To kill, slaughter, put to death:

hic mactat Ladona, Pheretaque Demodocumque,

Verg. A. 10, 413:

illigatas mollibus damas plagis,

Mart. 1, 50, 24: haec dextra Lernam taetra mactata excetra Pacavit, Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 9, 22.—

To magnify; trop, to extol, glorify, honor; esp. to glorify [p. 1094] honor a deity with sacrifices, to worship:

Liberum patrem fanorum consecratione mactatis,

Arn. 1, 24:

puerorum extis deos manes mactare,

Cic. Vatin. 6, 14.—

Poet., to give splendor to a festival: lacte Latinas, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Aliquem or aliquid, to overthrow, ruin, destroy, Cic. Fl. 22, 52:

quorum ego furori nisi cessissem, in Catilinae busto vobis ducibus mactatus essem,

should have been sacrificed, id. ib. 7, 16:

perfidos et ruptores pacis ultioni et gloriae mactandos,

to offer up, immolate, Tac. A. 2, 13:

cum videant jus civitatis illo supplicio esse mactatum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 26: aut naves uram, aut castra mactabo, to destroy, Att. ap. Non. 341, 18.—Hence, mactus, a, um, Part., sync. for mactatus:

boves mactae,

Lucr. 5, 1339 (better referred to maco, q. v.).

mĭsĕrĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2, v. n. and mĭsĕ-rĕor, ĭtus, 2 ( inf. pres. misererier, Lucr. 5, 1023; ante- and post-class. part. perf. misertus for miseritus, Scip. Afric. ap. Macr. S. 2, 10; Hyg. Fab. 58), v. dep. [miser], to feel pity, have compassion, to pity, compassionate, commiserate.

In the verb. finit. (in the act. form only ante-class.).

Form misereo:

piaculumst miserere nos hominum rem male gerentum,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 13: miserete anuis, Enn. ap. Non. 474, 30 (Trag. v. 232 Vahl.): cogebant hostes, ut misererent, id. ap. Prisc. p. 824 P.:

ipse sui miseret,

Lucr. 3, 881.—

Form misereor (class.):

miseremini sociorum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 28, § 72:

postulat, ut sui misereantur,

Auct. Her. 1, 14, 24: miserere temporis, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 1: nescio qui nostri miseritus tandem deus, Afran. ap. Gell. 20, 6, 5:

deos miseritos nominis Romani,

Liv. 27, 33 fin.:

cum misereri mei debent,

Cic. Att. 4, 5, 2:

laborum tantorum,

Verg. A. 2, 143:

miserere mei, miserere meorum,

Ov. H. 12, 81:

miserere inopum sociorum,

Juv. 8, 89.—With dat.:

cui Venus postea miserta est,

Hyg. Fab. 58; Diom. p. 294 P. —With acc. (dub.):

tot miserere animas,

Grat. Cyneg. 440 (al. miserare).— Impers. pass.:

ut supplicum misereatur,

that we should feel pity for suppliants, Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 48.—

Impers.: miseret and (less freq.) miseretur me alicujus and alicujus rei, it distresses me, I feel pity or compassion for a person or thing.

Form miseret: miseret me eādem formā dicitur, quā piget, poenitet, taedet, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll.: tui me miseret, mei piget, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 82 Vahl.); cf.: quos non miseret neminis, id. ap. Fest. p. 162 Müll. (Trag. v. 174 ib.):

miseret et aliorum, tui te nec miseret nec pudet,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 30:

eorum nos miseret,

Cic. Mil. 34, 92:

neque te mei tergi misereret, si, etc.,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 25:

nilne te miseret,

id. ib. 1, 3, 74.—

Form miseretur, miseritum (misertum) est: patris me miseretur, Turp. ap. Non. 477, 15: neque me minus vestri quam mei miserebitur, L. Crassus ap. Prisc. p. 824: quando te nostrum et reipublicae miserebitur? Quadrig. ap. Gell. 20, 6, 11:

cave te fratrum pro fratris salute obsecrantium misereatur,

Cic. Lig. 5, 14, acc. to Prisc. p. 797 P. (Klotz, misereat):

neque metui, neque tuorum liberum misereri potest,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77 Zumpt N. cr.:

me ejus miseritum'st,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 29: quo me reipublicae maxime misertum est, Scip. Afric. ap. Macr. S. 2, 10.—With gen.: miseretur tui, Pac. ap. Non. 477, 16.

obstē̆trīcĭus ( opst-) or - tĭus, a, um, adj. [obstetrix], of or belonging to a midwife, obstetric (post -Aug.).

Lit.:

manūs obstetriciae,

Arn. 3, 166.—

Trop., Front. Orat. p. 246.—

Subst.: obstē̆trīcĭa (sc. officia), ōrum, n., midwifery, obstetrics:

Jove Liberum parturiente inter obstetricia dearum,

Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 140.

obstē̆trīcĭus ( opst-) or - tĭus, a, um, adj. [obstetrix], of or belonging to a midwife, obstetric (post -Aug.).

Lit.:

manūs obstetriciae,

Arn. 3, 166.—

Trop., Front. Orat. p. 246.—

Subst.: obstē̆trīcĭa (sc. officia), ōrum, n., midwifery, obstetrics:

Jove Liberum parturiente inter obstetricia dearum,

Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 140.

obstē̆trīcĭus ( opst-) or - tĭus, a, um, adj. [obstetrix], of or belonging to a midwife, obstetric (post -Aug.).

Lit.:

manūs obstetriciae,

Arn. 3, 166.—

Trop., Front. Orat. p. 246.—

Subst.: obstē̆trīcĭa (sc. officia), ōrum, n., midwifery, obstetrics:

Jove Liberum parturiente inter obstetricia dearum,

Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 140.

ob-tendo, di, tum, 3, v. a.

To draw, stretch, spread, or place before (cf. obtego; not freq. till after the Aug. per.).

Lit.

Proque viro nebulam et ventos obtendere inanes, Verg. A. 10, 82:

sudarium ante faciem,

Suet. Ner. 48.— Poet.:

obtentā nocte,

i. e. in dark night, Verg. G. 1, 248.—

Pass., with mid. force:

oculis membrana obtenditur,

spreads over, Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 153:

Britannia Germaniae obtenditur,

lies over against Germany, Tac. Agr. 10.—

Trop., to pretend, allege, plead as an excuse:

matris preces obtendens,

Tac. A. 3, 17:

ad ea Drusus cum arbitrium senatūs obtenderet,

id. ib. 1, 26:

valetudinem corporis, aetatem liberūm, nubilem filiam,

id. ib. 3, 35:

suae imbecillitati sanitatis appellationem obtendunt,

Quint. 12, 10, 15: rationem turpitudini, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 15:

qui delictis suis excusationem carnis obtendet,

Lact. 4, 24, 10:

quid poterimus obtendere,

plead what excuse, Vulg. Gen. 44, 16.—

Transf., to cover, hide, conceal.

Lit.:

obtendunt limina silvis,

Stat. Th. 2, 248:

lucem pulvere,

Sil. 10, 228:

diem nube atrā,

Tac. H. 3, 56.—

Trop., to hide, conceal, envelop:

quasi velis quibusdam obtenditur uniuscujusque natura,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 15.—

To spread over, make a cover for:

Vitellius curis luxum obtendebat,

i. e. sought a refuge from, Tac. H. 3, 36 init.

obstē̆trīcĭus ( opst-) or - tĭus, a, um, adj. [obstetrix], of or belonging to a midwife, obstetric (post -Aug.).

Lit.:

manūs obstetriciae,

Arn. 3, 166.—

Trop., Front. Orat. p. 246.—

Subst.: obstē̆trīcĭa (sc. officia), ōrum, n., midwifery, obstetrics:

Jove Liberum parturiente inter obstetricia dearum,

Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 140.

orbĭtas, ātis, f. [orbus], bereavement of parents or children, of a husband or other dear person, childlessness, orphanage, widowhood (class.).

Lit.:

in orbitatem liberos producere,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 105:

bonum liberi, misera orbitas,

Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84:

familiaris,

Liv. 26, 41, 9:

mea, quod sine liberis sum,

Curt. 6, 9, 12:

tutorem instituere (filiorum) orbitati,

Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228:

horum uxores cum viderent exsilio additam orbitatem,

Just. 2, 4, 4:

maximā orbitate rei publicae virorum talium,

at a time when the state is greatly in want of such men, Cic. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—In plur.:

orbitates liberūm,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; 5, 9, 24; 3, 24, 58; Lact. 1, 21, 11; Sol. 40, 44; Arn. 5, 188.—

Transf., in gen., a deprivation or loss of a thing (post-Aug.): luminis ( of an eye), Plin. 7, 37, 37, § 124:

tecti,

id. 35, 3, 6, § 17.— Absol., blindness, App. M. 8, 12 fin.

parrĭcīdĭum, ii, n. [id.], the murder of one's father or parents, parricide.

Lit.:

patris et patrui parricidium,

Cic. Phil. 3, 7, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 26, 73.—

Trop., parricide:

vituperare quisquam vitae parentem (philosophiam) et hoc parricidio se inquinare audet?

Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 6.—

Transf.

The murder of one's mother, brother, relation, etc.:

matris,

Suet. Ner. 34:

fraternum,

Cic. Clu. 11, 31:

fratris,

Liv. 40, 24:

filii,

id. 8, 11:

patrui,

Cic. Phil. 3, 7, 18:

lege Pompeia de parricidiis tenetur, qui patrem, matrem, avum, aviam, fratrem, sororem, patruelem, matruelem... patronum, patronam... occiderit, etc.,

Paul. Sent. 5, 24, 1.— Absol., Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67; Quint. 9, 288; Just. 1, 9: ne parricidio macularent partus suos, nepotum illi, liberūm hi progeniem, Liv. 1, 13, 2; Just. 17, 1.—

In gen., of any horrible crime; of the murder of a free citizen:

facinus est vinciri civem Romani: scelus verberari: prope parricidium necari,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 170.—Of treason, rebellion (cf. parricida, II. D.):

patriae,

Cic. Phil. 2, 7, 17; id. Sull. 2, 7; id. Off. 3, 21, 83:

publicum,

Liv. 28, 29:

parricidii quaestores appellabantur, qui solebant creari causā rerum capitalium quaerendarum. Nam parricida non utique is, qui parentem occidisset, dicebatur, sed qualemcumque hominem indemnatum,

Fest. p. 221 Müll.— Hence,

Transf., a name of the Ides of March, as the day when Cæsar was killed:

Idus Martias parricidium nominari (placuit),

Suet. Caes. 88.

pĭĕtas, ātis, f. [pius], dutiful conduct towards the gods, one's parents, relatives, benefactors, country, etc., sense of duty.

Lit.

With respect to the gods, piety:

est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 115; 1, 2, 3; cf.: aequitas tripartita dicitur esse;

una ad superos deos, altera ad manes, tertia ad homines pertinere. Prima pietas, secunda sanctitas, tertia justitia aut aequitas nominatur,

id. Top. 23, 90: pietas adversus deos, id. [p. 1375] Fin. 3, 22, 73:

deos placatos pietas efficiet et sanctitas,

id. Off. 2, 3, 11; id. Rep. 1, 2, 2:

senex fretus pietate deum,

Naev. B. Punic. 3, 1; Enn. ap. Non. 160, 2 (Trag. v. 369 Vahl.): nec pietas ulla est, velatum saepe videri Vortier ad lapidem atque omnes accedere ad aras, etc., that is not piety, to incline with veiled head to the marble, etc., Lucr. 5, 1198.—

Conscientiousness, scrupulousness, Ov. F. 6, 607.—So of love and duty towards God (eccl. Lat.;

freq.),

Vulg. 2 Macc. 3, 1; id. 2 Pet. 1, 6.— Plur., Vulg. 2 Pet. 3, 11.—

With respect to one's parents, children, relatives, country, benefactors, etc., duty, dutifulness, affection, love, loyalty, patriotism, gratitude, etc.: Pa. Salve, mi pater insperate. Tr. Volup est, quom istuc ex pietate vestrā nobis contigit, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 132:

patrem tuom si percoles per pietatem,

dutifully, id. Trin. 2, 2, 3:

justitia erga deos religio, erga parentes pietas nominatur,

Cic. Part. 22, 78:

quid est pietas, nisi voluntas grata in parentes?

id. Planc. 33, 80:

justitiam cole et pietatem, quae cum sit magna in parentibus et propinquis, tum in patriā maxima est,

id. Rep. 6, 15, 15; cf.:

pietas, quae erga patriam aut parentes, aut alios sanguine conjunctos officium conservare monet,

id. Inv. 2, 22, 65; id. Rosc. Am. 13, 37:

pietas in matrem,

id. Lael. 3, 11; id. Att. 13, 39:

mi mater, tua pietas plane nobis auxilio fuit,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 122; cf.

v. 99: felix nati pietate,

Verg. A. 3, 480:

solemnia pietatis,

the last offices, Tac. Agr. 7:

egregium narras mirā pietate parentem,

Cat. 66, 29:

pietas erga aliquem,

Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 1:

in aliquem,

id. ib. 1, 9, 1:

hic tui omnes valent summāque pietate te desiderant,

id. ib. 6, 20, 2:

nec publicae pietatis intererat, quid vocarere,

to the affection of the citizens, Plin. Pan. 21, 3:

militiae,

Luc. 4, 499.—Towards a husband (rare):

neque id (officium nostrum) magis facimus quam nos monet pietas,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 6; cf.:

scelus est pietas in conjuge Tereo,

Ov. M. 6, 635.—The formula PIETATIS CAVSA or EX PIETATE (opp. EX TESTAMENTO), in epitaphs, denotes that the heir raised the monument to the deceased, not because compelled by the latter's last will, but out of affection and respect, Inscr. Orell. 4692; Inscr. Fabr. p. 710, n. 314.—

Transf., in gen. (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose).

Justice:

at tibi... pro talibus ausis Di, si qua est caelo pietas, quae talia curet, Persolvant grates dignas, etc.,

Verg. A. 2, 536; cf. Sil. 6, 410; so Verg. A. 5, 688:

summa deum pietas,

Stat. S. 3, 3, 1; cf. Liv. 4, 42.—

Gentleness, kindness, tenderness, pity, compassion:

permittite Patres Conscripti a pietate vestrā impetrari, ut damnatis liberum mortis arbitrium indulgeatis,

Suet. Dom. 11:

senatus,

Plin. Pan. 79, 4; Dig. 48, 9, 5.—In addressing a person:

mea pietas,

my kind friend, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 57.—

Pĭĕtas, personified, a goddess, Piety, who had two temples at Rome, Liv. 40, 34, 5; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19; 2, 11, 28; id. Div. 1, 43, 98; Plin. 7, 36, 36, § 121; Val. Max. 5, 4, 7; Fest. p. 209 Müll.; Inscr. Orell. 1824 sq.; 3291.

Pĭĕtas, ātis, f., a Roman surname, Inscr. Marin. Atti, p. 329.—

Also, the name of a ship, Inscr. Orell. 3608.—

Pietas Julia, a Roman colony in Istria, the mod. Pola, Plin. 3, 19, 23, § 129.

pĭĕtas, ātis, f. [pius], dutiful conduct towards the gods, one's parents, relatives, benefactors, country, etc., sense of duty.

Lit.

With respect to the gods, piety:

est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 115; 1, 2, 3; cf.: aequitas tripartita dicitur esse;

una ad superos deos, altera ad manes, tertia ad homines pertinere. Prima pietas, secunda sanctitas, tertia justitia aut aequitas nominatur,

id. Top. 23, 90: pietas adversus deos, id. [p. 1375] Fin. 3, 22, 73:

deos placatos pietas efficiet et sanctitas,

id. Off. 2, 3, 11; id. Rep. 1, 2, 2:

senex fretus pietate deum,

Naev. B. Punic. 3, 1; Enn. ap. Non. 160, 2 (Trag. v. 369 Vahl.): nec pietas ulla est, velatum saepe videri Vortier ad lapidem atque omnes accedere ad aras, etc., that is not piety, to incline with veiled head to the marble, etc., Lucr. 5, 1198.—

Conscientiousness, scrupulousness, Ov. F. 6, 607.—So of love and duty towards God (eccl. Lat.;

freq.),

Vulg. 2 Macc. 3, 1; id. 2 Pet. 1, 6.— Plur., Vulg. 2 Pet. 3, 11.—

With respect to one's parents, children, relatives, country, benefactors, etc., duty, dutifulness, affection, love, loyalty, patriotism, gratitude, etc.: Pa. Salve, mi pater insperate. Tr. Volup est, quom istuc ex pietate vestrā nobis contigit, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 132:

patrem tuom si percoles per pietatem,

dutifully, id. Trin. 2, 2, 3:

justitia erga deos religio, erga parentes pietas nominatur,

Cic. Part. 22, 78:

quid est pietas, nisi voluntas grata in parentes?

id. Planc. 33, 80:

justitiam cole et pietatem, quae cum sit magna in parentibus et propinquis, tum in patriā maxima est,

id. Rep. 6, 15, 15; cf.:

pietas, quae erga patriam aut parentes, aut alios sanguine conjunctos officium conservare monet,

id. Inv. 2, 22, 65; id. Rosc. Am. 13, 37:

pietas in matrem,

id. Lael. 3, 11; id. Att. 13, 39:

mi mater, tua pietas plane nobis auxilio fuit,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 122; cf.

v. 99: felix nati pietate,

Verg. A. 3, 480:

solemnia pietatis,

the last offices, Tac. Agr. 7:

egregium narras mirā pietate parentem,

Cat. 66, 29:

pietas erga aliquem,

Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 1:

in aliquem,

id. ib. 1, 9, 1:

hic tui omnes valent summāque pietate te desiderant,

id. ib. 6, 20, 2:

nec publicae pietatis intererat, quid vocarere,

to the affection of the citizens, Plin. Pan. 21, 3:

militiae,

Luc. 4, 499.—Towards a husband (rare):

neque id (officium nostrum) magis facimus quam nos monet pietas,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 6; cf.:

scelus est pietas in conjuge Tereo,

Ov. M. 6, 635.—The formula PIETATIS CAVSA or EX PIETATE (opp. EX TESTAMENTO), in epitaphs, denotes that the heir raised the monument to the deceased, not because compelled by the latter's last will, but out of affection and respect, Inscr. Orell. 4692; Inscr. Fabr. p. 710, n. 314.—

Transf., in gen. (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose).

Justice:

at tibi... pro talibus ausis Di, si qua est caelo pietas, quae talia curet, Persolvant grates dignas, etc.,

Verg. A. 2, 536; cf. Sil. 6, 410; so Verg. A. 5, 688:

summa deum pietas,

Stat. S. 3, 3, 1; cf. Liv. 4, 42.—

Gentleness, kindness, tenderness, pity, compassion:

permittite Patres Conscripti a pietate vestrā impetrari, ut damnatis liberum mortis arbitrium indulgeatis,

Suet. Dom. 11:

senatus,

Plin. Pan. 79, 4; Dig. 48, 9, 5.—In addressing a person:

mea pietas,

my kind friend, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 57.—

Pĭĕtas, personified, a goddess, Piety, who had two temples at Rome, Liv. 40, 34, 5; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19; 2, 11, 28; id. Div. 1, 43, 98; Plin. 7, 36, 36, § 121; Val. Max. 5, 4, 7; Fest. p. 209 Müll.; Inscr. Orell. 1824 sq.; 3291.

Pĭĕtas, ātis, f., a Roman surname, Inscr. Marin. Atti, p. 329.—

Also, the name of a ship, Inscr. Orell. 3608.—

Pietas Julia, a Roman colony in Istria, the mod. Pola, Plin. 3, 19, 23, § 129.

posco, pŏposci, 3 (old perf. peposci, Val. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 9, 9), v. inch. a. [for porc-scere; Sanscr. root parkh- prakh-, to ask; cf.: precor, procus, procax], to ask for urgently; to beg, demand, request, desire (syn.: flagito, postulo, peto).

In gen., constr. usually with aliquid, aliquem ( sibi): aliquid ab aliquo; also with a double acc., with ut, with inf., or with acc. and inf., or wholly absol.:

poscere est secundum Varronem, quotiens aliquid pro merito nostro deposcimus: petere vero est cum aliquid humiliter et cum precibus postulamus,

Serv. Verg. A. 9, 194.

With acc.:

posco atque adeo flagito crimen,

Cic. Planc. 19, 48; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 71:

argentum,

id. ib. 2, 4, 20, § 44;

2, 3, 34, § 78: pugnam,

Liv. 2, 45, 6: nec mi aurum posco, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 200 Vahl.):

si quid poscam,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 10:

pulvinos,

Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 29; id. Planc. 19, 48:

vades poposcit,

id. Rep. 2, 36, 61; cf.:

audaciae partes Roscii sibi poposcerunt,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 13, 35:

peccatis veniam poscentem (preceded by postulare),

Hor. S. 1, 3, 75.—

With ab:

fac, ut audeat Tibi credere omnia, abs te petere et poscere,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 53: diem a praetore peposcit, Val. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 9, 9:

abs te litteras,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 36; 2, 2, 47, § 117:

tutorem ab aliquo,

Suet. Aug. 94:

bibere a me poscis,

Vulg. Joann. 4, 9.—

With a double acc.:

parentes pretium pro sepulturā liberum poscere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 3, § 7:

magistratum nummos,

id. ib. 2, 1, 17, §

44: aliquem causam disserendi,

id. Tusc. 3, 3, 7:

claves portarum magistratus,

Liv. 27, 24, 8:

non ita creditum Poscis Quintilium deos,

Hor. C. 1, 24, 12:

cur me in decursu lampada poscis?

Pers. 6, 61:

poscenti vos rationem,

Vulg. 1 Pet. 3, 15.—Hence, pass.: poscor aliquid, I am asked for something, something is asked or demanded of me ( poet. and in post-class. prose):

gravidae posceris exta bovis,

they ask you for the entrails, Ov. F. 4, 670; cf.:

poscor meum Laelapa,

they demand of me my Lœlaps, id. M. 7, 771:

nec tantum segetes alimentaque debita dives Poscebatur humus,

id. ib. 1, 138:

quod rationem pecuniae posceretur,

Gell. 4, 18, 12; to be called upon or invoked to inspire a poet or to sing:

aversus Apollo Poscitur invitā verba pigenda lyrā,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 76 (better reading poscis ab); cf. absol. Palilia poscor: Non poscor frustra;

si favet alma Pales,

Ov. F. 4, 721; so,

poscimur Aonides,

Ov. M. 5, 333:

poscimur,

Hor. C. 1, 32, 1.—

With ut:

poscimus, ut cenes civiliter,

Juv. 5, 112:

poscimus ut sit, etc.,

id. 7, 71; Tac. H. 2, 39: poposcit, ut haec ipsa quaestio diligentius tractaretur, Aug. Civ. Dei, 2, 21.—

With inf. or acc. and inf. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

poscat sibi fabula credit,

Hor. A. P. 339; cf.:

immolare Fauno, Seu poscat agnā sive malit haedo,

id. C. 1, 4, 12:

esse sacerdotes delubraque vestra tueri Poscimus,

Ov. M. 8, 708:

contraque occurrere poscunt,

Val. Fl. 4, 194; Pers. 1, 128; Claud. in Eutr. 1, 151.—In prose:

ego vero te etiam morari posco inter voluptates,

Sen. Contr. 1, 8; Arn. 7, p. 254. So, too, perh. (acc. to Stephanus's conjecture):

vos fallere poscunt,

Rutil. Lup. Fig. 2, 19, p. 181 Frotsch.—

Ellipt.:

poscunt majoribus poculis, sc. bibere,

they challenge to drink from larger goblets, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66.—

Absol., to beg, be a beggar:

improbus es, cum poscis, ait. Sed pensio clamat, posce,

Juv. 9, 63 sq. —

Of inanimate and abstract subjects, to demand, require, need:

quod res poscere videbatur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 1:

cum usus poscit,

id. ib. 4, 2: quod negotium poscebat, Sail J. 56, 1; 70, 3; Quint. 11, 3, 162 et saep.—

In partic.

To demand for punishment, to ask the surrender of: accusant [p. 1403] ii, quos populus poscit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13; cf.:

hujus tantae cladis auctor Annibal poscitur,

Flor. 2, 6, 7:

nec poscitur auctor,

Sil. 2, 44:

poscendum poenae juvenem jubebat,

id. 1, 677; so Liv. 9, 26.—

In gen., to call one (ante-class. and poet.):

clamore hominem posco,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 5:

gemitu Alciden,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 1887.— Pass.: ego poscor Olympo ( dat. of agent), Olympus calls me, summons me to the combat, Verg. A. 8, 533:

poscimur,

Ov. M. 2, 144.—

In partic., to call upon, invoke:

supplex tua numina posco,

Verg. A. 1, 666.—

In selling.

To ask, demand for a thing, to offer at a price:

tanti quanti poscit, vin' tanti illam emi?

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 22: pro reliquis (libris) idem pretium poposcit, Varr. ap. Lact. 1, 6, 10.—

To ask, bid, offer a price for a thing:

agite licemini. Qui cenā poscit? ecqui poscit prandio?

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 68; id. Merc. 2, 3, 101; Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 88.—

To demand one's hand, ask in marriage:

eam si jubes, frater, tibi me poscere, poscam,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 38:

filiam tuam mihi uxorem posco,

id. ib. 2, 2, 42:

tibi permittam, posce, duce,

id. Trin. 2, 2, 103:

sine dote posco tuam sororem filio,

id. ib. 2, 4, 98:

tuam sororem uxorem alicui,

id. ib. 2, 4, 49.