līvor

līvor, ōris, m. [liveo], bluish color, leaden color, a black and blue spot.

Lit.:

jam livorem tute scapulis istoc concinnas tuis,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 19:

livore decoloratum corpus mortui,

Auct. Her. 2, 5, 8:

ostendere nigram in facie tumidis livoribus offam,

Juv. 16, 11; Quint. 2, 21, 19; cf. id. 5, 9, 1; 11; 5, 10, 46:

illinitur livoribus,

Plin. 20, 22, 87, § 240.—Of a speck or taint in fruit:

uva conspectā livorem ducit ab uva,

Juv. 2, 81:

tum sucos herbasque dedi queis livor abiret,

Tib. 1, 6, 13.—

Trop., envy, spite, malice, ill-will (mostly poet. and post-Aug. for invidia): summā malevolentiā et livore impediuntur, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 1:

obtrectatio et livor,

Tac. H. 1, 1: pascitur in vivis livor;

post fata quiescit,

Ov. Am. 1, 15, 39:

ergo submotum patriā proscindere, livor, Desine,

id. P. 4, 16, 47:

rumpere, livor edax,

id. R. Am. 389:

cupidus,

Prop. 1, 8, 29:

livor ac malignitas,

Suet. Calig. 34; Plin. Pan. 3, 4; 58, 5.

* * *

* * *

ambĭtĭo, ōnis, f. [ambio], a going round.

In the time of the republic, t. t. (v. ambio, II. B.), the going about of candidates for office in Rome, and the soliciting of individual citizens for their vote, a canvassing, suing for office (by just and lawful means;

while ambitus denotes unlawful means, as bribery, threats, etc.): quid de nostris ambitionibus loquar?

Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 62:

mea me ambitio ab omni illā cogitatione abstrahebat,

id. Sull. 4:

cum ambitionis nostrae tempora postulabant,

id. Planc. 18, 45:

si infinitus forensium rerum labor et ambitionis occupatio decursu honorum etiam aetatis flexu constitisset,

id. de Or. 1, 1, 1:

hic magistratus a populo summā ambitione contenditur,

id. Verr. 2, 53, 131:

tanta exarsit ambitio, ut primores civitatis prensarent homines,

Liv. 3, 35, 1 et saep.—

A.. In gen., a striving for one's favor or good-will; an excessive desire to please, flattery, adulation:

ambitione labi,

Cic. Brut. 69, 244:

sive aliquā suspitione sive ambitione adducti,

id. Clu. 28, 76:

in Scipione ambitio major, vita tristior,

id. Off. 1, 30, 108 Heus., Beier, and Gernh.: Dionysius Platonem magnā ambitione Syracusas perduxit, in an ostentatious manner, for the purpose of securing his favor, Nep. Dion, 2, 2 Br. and Dähn.:

ambitio (i.e. studium Fabiis placendi) obstabat,

Liv. 5, 36:

ambitione relegatā,

without flattery, Hor. S. 1, 10, 84: ambitionem scriptoris facile averseris, obtrectatio et livor pronis auribus accipiuntur, Tac. H. 1, 1:

nullo officii aut ambitionis genere omisso, i.e. nullis blanditiis,

Suet. Oth. 4:

coronas quam parcissime et sine ambitione tribuit,

id. Aug. 25 et saep.—Hence, also partiality:

jus sibi per ambitionem dictum non esse,

Liv. 3, 47.—

With the predom. idea of the purpose or end, a desire for honor, popularity, power, display, etc.; in bon. part., ambition; in mal. part., vanity. —So in Lucr. of the ambitious efforts of men:

Angustum per iter luctantes ambitionis,

struggling to press through the narrow way of ambition, Lucr. 5, 1132:

me ambitio quaedam ad honorum studium duxit,

Cic. Att. 1, 17:

Miserrima omnino est ambitio honorumque contentio,

id. Off. 1, 25:

a quo incepto studioque me ambitio mala detinuerat,

Sall. C. 4, 2:

aut ab avaritiā aut miserā ambitione laborat,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 26:

Vitā solutorum miserā ambitione gravique,

id. ib. 1, 6, 129; so id. ib. 2, 3, 78;

2, 6, 18: inanis,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 207:

levis,

Ov. F. 1, 103 al.:

licet ipsa vitium sit ambitio, tamen frequenter causa virtutum est,

Quint. 1, 2, 22:

perversa,

id. 10, 7, 20:

funerum nulla ambitio,

no display, pomp, Tac. G. 27.—

Great exertion:

cum admitti magnā ambitione aegre obtinuisset,

Just. 1, 3.—

That which surrounds (v. ambio, 2.;

postclass. for ambitus): vimineos alveos circumdant ambitione tergorum bubulorum,

with a wrapping of cowhide, Sol. 22:

fuliginem ambitio extimae cutis cohibet,

id. 35: ita assedimus, ut me ex tribus medium lateris ambitione protegerent, Min. Oct. 4.

fel, fellis, n. [Gr. cholos, gall; cf. Germ. Galle; Engl. gall], the gall-bladder, gall, bile (cf. bilis):

jecur a dextra parte sub praecordiis: ex inferiore parte ei fel inhaeret,

Cels. 4, 1; cf. Plin. 11, 37, 74, § 191; 31, 10, 46, § 119; Ov. M. 2, 777:

gallinaceum,

Cic. Div. 2, 12, 29:

nigrum,

Plin. 11, 37, 75, § 193:

piscis,

Vulg. Tobiae, 6, 5.—In plur.:

fella,

Ser. Samm. 19, 333; Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 19; id. Tard. 1, 4 fin. al.— Poet.:

hic vero Alcidae furiis exarserat atro Felle dolor, because the bile was regarded as the seat of rage,

Verg. A. 8, 220.—

Transf.

Poisonous liquid, poison ( poet.):

vipereum,

Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 16; id. P. 1, 2, 18:

sagitta armata felle veneni,

Verg. A. 12, 857.—

Fel terrae, a plant, the lesser centaury, the fumitory (Fumaria officinalis, Linn.), Plin. 25, 6, 31, § 68.—

Trop. (only in poets, whereas bilis is used in the trop. signif. also in good prose), bitterness, acrimony, animosity (syn.: bilis, stomachus, invidia, livor;

odium): amor et melle et felle est fecundissimus,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 70; cf.:

corda felle sunt lita,

id. Truc. 1, 2, 77:

omnia jam tristi tempora felle madent,

Tib. 2, 4, 11; Mart. 7, 25.

mălignĭtas, ātis, f. [malignus].

ill-will, spite, malice, envy, malignity (not in Cic. or Cæs.).— Lit.:

malignitati falsa species libertatis inest,

Tac. H. 1, 1:

malignitas multo veneno tincta,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 2:

interpretantium,

Plin. Ep. 5, 7, 6:

humana,

Tac. Or. 18:

malignitas et livor,

id. Agr. 41.—In plur.: malignitatum vulnera, Prud. steph. 2, 259.—

Stinginess, niggardliness, meanness [v. malignus, II.]:

ita malignitate oneravit omnes mortales mihi,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 4; Liv. 10, 46, 15; 34, 34, 8; 39, 9, 6.—Hence,

Transf., stingy or niggardly act:

malignitatis auctores quaerendo,

Liv. 5, 22, 1:

accensaque ea cupiditas est malignitate patrum,

id. 2, 42, 1.—

Barrenness, unfruitfulness; of the vine, Col. 3, 10, 18.

mordĕo, mŏmordi (archaic memordi; v. in the foll.), morsum, 2, v. a. [root smard-; Sanscr. mard-, bite; Gr. smerdnos, smerdaleos; (cf. Engl. smart)], to bite, to bite into (class.).

Lit.: si me canis memorderit, Enn. ap. Gell. 7, 9, 3 (Sat. v. 36 Vahl.):

canes mordere possunt,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 57:

mordens pulex,

biting, Mart. 14, 83:

(serpens) fixum hastile momordit,

bit into, Ov. M. 3, 68:

mordeat ante aliquis quidquid, etc.,

taste, Juv. 6, 632: terram, to bite the ground, bite the dust, of expiring warriors writhing on the ground:

procubuit moriens et humum semel ore momordit,

Verg. A. 11, 418; Ov. M. 9, 61.—Part. as subst.:

morsi a rabioso cane,

Plin. 29, 5, 32, § 100:

laneaque aridulis haerebant morsa labellis,

Cat. 64, 316.—

In partic., to eat, devour, consume ( poet.):

tunicatum cum sale mordens Caepe,

Pers. 4, 30:

ostrea,

Juv. 6, 305:

sordes farris mordere canini,

id. 5, 11.—

Transf.

To bite into, take fast hold of, catch fast; to press or cut into ( poet.):

laterum juncturas fibula mordet,

takes hold of, clasps, Verg. A. 12, 274:

mordebat fibula vestem,

Ov. M. 8, 318:

id quod a lino mordetur,

where the thread presses in, Cels. 7, 4, 4:

locus (corporis), qui mucronem (teli) momordit,

id. 7, 5, 4:

arbor mordet humum,

takes hold of the ground, is rooted in the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 499.—Hence, poet., of a river: non rura quae Liris quieta Mordet aqua, cuts or penetrates into, Hor. C. 1, 31, 7.—

To nip, bite, sting:

matutina parum cautos jam frigora mordent,

nips, attacks, Hor. S. 2, 6, 45: oleamque momorderit [p. 1165] aestus, id. Ep. 1, 8, 5:

mordeat et tenerum fortior aura nemus,

Mart. 8, 14, 2:

radix gustu acri mordet,

bites, hurts, Plin. 27, 13, 109, § 133:

linguam,

id. 29, 2, 9, § 34:

oculos,

id. 21, 6, 17, § 32:

urtica foliis non mordentibus,

stinging, burning, id. 22, 14, 16, § 37.—

Trop., to bite, sting, pain, hurt (syn.: pungo, stimulo, remordeo;

class.): invidere omnes mihi, Mordere clanculum,

bit, stung, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 21:

morderi dictis,

Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 25:

jocus mordens,

a biting jest, Juv. 9, 10:

mordear opprobriis falsis,

shall I be stung, vexed, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 38:

par pari referto, quod eam mordeat,

to vex, mortify, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55:

valde me momorderunt epistolae tuae,

Cic. Att. 13, 12, 1:

scribis, morderi te interdum, quod non simul sis,

that it grieves you, affects you, id. ib. 6, 2, 8:

dolore occulto morderi,

to be attacked, tormented, Ov. M. 2, 806:

nec qui detrectat praesentia, Livor iniquo Ullum de nostris dente momordit opus,

detracted, id. Tr. 4, 10, 124; cf. id. P. 4, 14, 46:

morderi conscientiā,

to feel the sting of conscience, Cic. Tusc. 4, 20, 45:

hunc mordebit objurgatio,

Quint. 1, 3, 7.—

To seize fast, hold firmly in the mind (cf. mordicus, II.):

hoc tene, hoc morde,

Sen. Ep. 78, 29. —

To squander, dissipate: de integro patrimonio meo centum milia nummūm memordi, Laber. ap. Gell. 6, 9, 3 (Com. Rel. v. 50 Rib.).

oblīviscor, lītus (archaic inf. obliscier. Att. Tr. 190; 488), 3, v. dep. [ob and livor, q. v.; livēre, to become dark; hence, to have the mind darkened, forget], to forget; constr. with gen. of pers. and with gen. or acc. of thing; less freq. with inf. or a rel.clause (class.; cf. dedisco).

With gen. of person:

vivorum memini, nec tamen Epicuri licet oblivisci,

Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 3: nescio hercule, neque unde eam, neque quorsum eam;

ita prorsum oblitus sum mei,

I have so completely forgotten myself, been lost in thought, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 15:

regisque ducumque meique,

Ov. M. 13, 276:

dum tu ades, sunt oblitae sui,

Cic. Fam. 9, 12, 1:

nec oblitus sui est Ithacus discrimine tanto,

was not forgetful of himself, untrue to his nature, Verg. A. 3, 629; cf. Val. Fl. 3, 664: sui, to forget one's self, know nothing of one's former self, sc. after death, Sen. Herc. Fur. 292; also, to forget one's self in a character represented or assumed:

tamquam in eo tragoediae argumento sui oblitus tantum Catonem cogitāsset,

Tac. Or. 2. —

With gen. of thing:

meminens naturae et professionis oblitus,

Sid. Ep. 4, 12:

nec umquam obliviscar noctis illius, etc.,

Cic. Planc. 42, 101; cf.:

oblivisci temporum meorum,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 8:

ut nostrae dignitatis simus obliti,

id. ib. 1, 7, 7:

veterumque oblitus honorum,

Ov. M. 7, 543; Just. 4, 2, 5:

oblivisci veteris contumeliae, recentium injuriarum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 14:

controversiarum ac dissensionum,

id. ib. 7, 34:

pristini instituti,

id. B. C. 3, 57:

offensarum,

Tac. H. 2, 1:

tot exemplorum,

Quint. 9, 2, 86.—

With acc. of thing:

qui quod dedit id ob litust datum,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 24:

officium meum,

id. Cas. 1, 1, 16:

injurias,

Cic. Cael. 20, 50; cf.:

artificium obliviscatur,

id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

res praeclarissimas,

id. Mil. 23, 63:

totam causam,

id. Brut. 60, 218:

haec tam crebra Etruriae concilia,

Liv. 5, 5, Drak. N. cr.:

ut alia obliviscar,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 31, 87.—With acc. of person:

obliti sunt Deum,

Vulg. Psa. 105, 21; 49, 22.—

With inf.:

oblita pharetram tollere,

Ov. M. 2, 439:

suas quatere pennas,

id. ib. 4, 676: dicere aliquid. Ter. And. 5, 1, 22:

obliviscor, Roscium et Cluvium viros esse primarios,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 17, 50.—

With a rel.clause:

in scriptis obliviscebatur, quid paulo ante posuisset,

Cic. Brut. 60, 218.—

Poet., transf., of things:

saeclis obliviscentibus,

i. e. causing forgetfulness, Cat. 68, 43:

oblito pectore,

id. 64, 207: pomaque degenerant sucos oblita priores, forgetting, i. e. being deprived of losing, Verg. G. 2, 59; imitated by Col. poët. 10, 408.—

Prov.:

oblivisci nomen suum,

to forget one's own name, to have a bad memory, Petr. 66.—

Part. fut. pass.:

oblitusque meorum, obliviscendus et illis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 9:

obliviscendi stratiotici,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 49.

signif. ( poet. and late Lat.):

post emancipationem in totum adoptivae familiae obliviscuntur,

Dig. 23, 2, 60, § 6:

oblita carmina,

Verg. E. 9, 53; Val. Fl. 2, 388:

oblitos superūm dolores,

id. 1, 791:

suis hominibus oblitus,

August. Mus. 4, 4.

obtrectātĭo, ōnis, f. [obtrecto], an envious detracting, disparaging; detraction, disparagement (class.): obtrectatio est ea, quam intellegi zêlotupian volo, aegritudo ex eo, quod alter quoque potiatur eo, quod ipse concupiverit, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18:

invidia atque obtrectatio,

id. Inv. 1, 11, 16; cf. id. Brut. 42, 156 Orell. N. cr.; Liv. 28, 40:

et malevolentia,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15:

et invidentia,

id. Tusc. 4, 7, 16:

et livor,

Tac. H. 1, 1:

malevolentissimae,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 7; cf.: malevolorum obtrectationes et invidias prosternere, Vat. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 9, 1:

adversus gloriam,

Liv. 28, 40.—

With gen. obj.:

laudis,

Caes. B. C. 1, 7:

gloriae alienae,

Liv. 2, 40.

ob-trecto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [tracto], to detract from through envy; to disparage, underrate, decry; to be opposed to; to thwart; to injure a person or thing (class.; syn. detrecto; cf.: aemulo, invideo); constr. with dat. or acc.

With dat.:

obtrectare alicui,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 26, 56; cf. id. ib. 4, 20, 46:

bonis,

id. Phil. 10, 3, 6:

gloriae alicujus,

Liv. 36, 34; Suet. Ner. 18:

laudibus ducis,

Liv. 8, 36:

legi, atque causae,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21.—

With acc. (so perh. not ante-Aug.):

sin livor obtrectare curam voluerit,

to detract from, carp at, Phaedr. 2 epil. 10:

laudes alicujus,

Liv. 45, 37:

urbanas excubias,

Tac. A. 1, 17: se invicem, id. Or. 25.—

With inter se, to be rivals:

obtrectārunt inter se,

Nep. Arist. 1. —

Absol.:

obtrectantis est angi alieno bono,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 26, 56:

obtrectandi causā,

id. Ac. 2, 24, 76:

ne aut obstare aut obtrectare praesens videretur,

Suet. Tib. 10.