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1 μάταιος
μάταιος, αία, αιον (Pind., Hdt. et al.; PEdg 11, 3 [=Sb 6717], 3 [257 B.C.]; POxy 58, 20; LXX, En; OdeSol 11:9; TestAbr A 1 p. 78, 9 [Stone p. 4] [κόσμος]; Test12Patr; ApcMos 25; EpArist, Philo; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 6; Just.; Ath., R. 9 p. 58, 4 al.) also, as somet. in Attic wr., varying betw. two and three endings (B-D-F §59, 2; Mlt-H. 157) pert. to being of no use, idle, empty, fruitless, useless, powerless, lacking truth (Hippol., Ref. 4, 2) τούτου μ. ἡ θρησκεία this person’s worship is worthless Js 1:26; νηστεία μ. useless fasting Hs 5, 1, 4; ἀνωφελὴς καὶ μ. useless and fruitless Tit 3:9. ἐλπίς vain, empty (Artem. 1, 67 p. 62, 5; Lucian, Alex. 47; Is 31:2) 16:2. διαλογισμοὶ foolish thoughts 1 Cor 3:20 (Ps 93:11). φροντίδες 1 Cl 7:2. ἐπιθυμία futile desire, directed toward worthless things Hm 11:8; pl. 2 Cl 19:2; Hm 12, 6, 5. πίστις μ. empty 1 Cor 15:17. τρυφαί idle luxury Hs 6, 2, 2. ἐπιθυμία ἐδεσμάτων πολλῶν ματαίων a desire for many needless things to eat m 12, 2, 1. οἰκήματα dwellings that will pass away Hs 1:1. ἡ μ. στάσις futile dissension 1 Cl 63:1. ἡ μ. ἀναστροφή futile way of living 1 Pt 1:18.—μάταιον (sc. ἐστίν) it is useless 2:5 (Is 1:13; δοκεῖ μοι εἶναι μ. Orig., C. Cels. 2, 32, 19). οὐ μὴ λάβῃς ἐπὶ ματαίῳ τὸ ὄνομα κυρίου you must never use the Lord’s name for an unworthy purpose 19:5 (Ex 20:7; Dt 5:11).—(μάταιοι οὖν οἱ ἀπὸ Οὐαλεντίνοι, τοῦτο δογματίζοντες Iren. 5, 1, 2 [Harv. II 316, 9] cp. 3, 11, 9 [Harv. II 50, 12]).—Subst. μάταια what is worthless, empty (Vett. Val. 356, 16; Zech 10:2; Pr 12:11; OdesSol 16:9; Jos., Bell. 7, 330) ἀγαπᾶν 20:2; D 5:2; λαλεῖν IPhld 1:1. τὰ μάταια (or οἱ μάταιοι, i.e. θεοί) idols (Esth 4:17p; Jer 2:5; 8:19; 3 Macc 6:11) Ac 14:15.—DELG s.v. μάτη. M-M. TW. -
2 λῆρος
λῆρος (A), ὁ,A trash, trumpery, of what is showy but useless,λήροις ἀναδῶν τοὺς νικῶντας Ar.Pl. 589
;τραγικὸς λ. Id.Ra. 1005
; λῆρόν τε τἄλλ' ἡγεῖτο τοῦ γνῶναι πέρι φύσεις ποιητῶν no good as connoisseurs of poets, ib. 809;λ. πάντα πρὸς τὸ χρυσίον Antiph.232.1
, cf. X.An.7.7.41; λ. εἶναι δοκεῖ τὸ νόμισμα, φύσει δ' οὐθέν mere trash, Arist.Pol. 1257b10; a mere trifle, Pl.Phd. 72c, Men.Epit.60; λ. ἐστι τἄλλα πρὸς Κινησίαν there's naught to compare with Cinesias, Ar. Lys. 860; οἱ ποιηταὶ λ. εἰσιν useless, futile, Xenarch.7.1;ποιητῶν λ. Cratin.306
;ἐμὲ μὲν λ. ἡγεῖσθαι Pl.Chrm. 176a
, cf. Tht. 176d, Luc. DMeretr.10.3;λεπτοτάτων λ. ἱερεῦ Ar.Nu. 359
; λῆροι καὶ παιδιαί, of flute-playing at banquets, Pl.Prt. 347d; λῆροι καὶ φλυαρίαι futile nonsense, Id.Hp.Ma. 304b;ὁδοὺς καὶ κρήνας καὶ λήρους D.3.29
; παροψίδες καὶ λῆρος side-dishes and suchlike trumpery, Alex.261.5;παρεὶς λ. πολὺν ἀστακὸν ὠνοῦ Archestr.Fr.24
, cf. 35.7; as an exclamation, λῆρος nonsense! humbug! Ar.Pl.23, cf. Eub.41.8.II as Adj., silly,ποιητής Luc.Gall.6
, cf. Rh.Pr.17. Adv. - ρως Tz.H.13.337. (Perh. derived fr. sq.)------------------------------------A gold ornament on women's tunics, AP6.292 (Hedyl.), cf. Luc.Lex.9, Poll.5.101, Hsch. (Oxyt. in AP l.c., Hsch.) -
3 ἀναστροφή
ἀναστροφή, ῆς, ἡ (in var. mgs. since Aeschyl., Pre-Socr. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; Jos., Ant. 18, 359 al.; Just., A I, 10, 2) conduct expressed according to certain principles way of life, conduct, behavior (Polyb. 4, 82, 1 [FKälker, Quaest. de elocut. Polyb.=Leipz. Stud. III/2, 1880, 301]; Teles p. 41, 2; Diog. L.; Epict. 1, 9, 24; 1, 22, 13; ins: SIG index; IG XII/1, 1032, 6 [II B.C.]; IMagnMai 91b, 6; IPergamon 86; PTebt 703, 270 [IIIB.C.] Tob 4:14; 2 Macc 6:23; EpArist 130; 216) ἠκούσατε τ. ἐμὴν ἀ. ποτε ἐν τῷ Ἰουδαϊσμῷ you have heard of my conduct when I was still in Judaism Gal 1:13. κατὰ τὴν προτέραν ἀ. according to your former (i.e. pre-Christian) way of life Eph 4:22 (GDI 4320, 5f κατὰ τὰν ἄλλαν ἀναστροφάν [Rhodes]). ἡ ἐν φόβῳ ἁγνὴ ἀ. 1 Pt 3:2; cp. vs. 1. ἡ ἀγαθὴ ἐν Χριστῷ ἀ. vs. 16. ἡ καλὴ ἀ. Js 3:13; 1 Pt 2:12. ἡ ματαία ἀ. πατροπαράδοτος the futile (i.e. directed toward futile ends) way of life handed down by your fathers 1:18. ἡ ἐν ἀσελγείᾳ ἀ. 2 Pt 2:7. ἡ ἔκβασις τῆς ἀ. Hb 13:7. ἅγιον ἐν πάσῃ ἀ. γίνεσθαι be holy in all your conduct 1 Pt 1:15. W. λόγος, ἀγάπη κτλ. 1 Ti 4:12. Pl. ἅγιαι ἀ. καὶ εὐσέβειαι holy conduct and piety (pl. to include all varieties; cp. EpArist 130) 2 Pt 3:11.—DDaube, Alexandrian Methods of Interpretation and the Rabbis: Festschr. HLewald ’53, 27–44.—DELG s.v. στρέφω. M-M. TW. Spicq. -
4 περίεργος
περίεργος, ον,A taking needless trouble, Lys.12.35;γραμματικῶν π. γένη AP11.322
(Antiphan.). Adv.- γως Hp.Decent.7.2 officious, meddlesome, Isoc.5.98, X.Mem.1.3.1, Men.Sam.85; π. εἰμι I am a busy-body, Id.Epit.45; περίεργα βλέπειν look curiously at, c. acc., AP 12.175 (Strat.), cf. Hdn.5.3.8 ([comp] Comp.).3 of an inquiring mind, Arist.Resp. 480b27; inquisitive, curious, Hdn.4.12.3 ([comp] Sup.);π. παιδία Gal.6.635
; τὸ π. Luc.Alex.4. Adv.- γως, ἔχειν Astramps.Orac.p.1
H.: [comp] Comp. - ότερον, ἔχειν πρός τινα Jul.Or.4.130d
.II [voice] Pass., overwrought, elaborate, ὀδμή (perfume) Hp.Praec.10; ;ζωγράφημα Plu.2.64a
; τὸ τῆς κόμης π. Luc.Nigr.13; esp. of language or style, ὀνόματα, λόγοι, Aeschin.3.229, D.H.Lys.14;τὸ π. Θουκυδίδου Id.Vett.Cens.3.2
: [comp] Comp., -οτέρα λέξις Id.Is.3
. Adv.- γως Antyll.
ap. Orib.9.14.7 : [comp] Comp.-ότερον, ἠσκημένος τὴν κόμην Arr.Epict.3.1.1
;ἐξορχεῖσθαι Hdn.5.5.3
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περίεργος
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5 ἀέριος
ἀέριος [pron. full] [ᾱ], α, ον, also ος, ον; [dialect] Ion. [full] ἠέριος, η, ον (q.v.): ([etym.] ἀήρ):— -
6 ἐκβόλιμος
ἐκβόλ-ιμος, ον,Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐκβόλιμος
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7 ἀποφώλιος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `worthless'? (Od.)Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Glossed as `ἀνεμώλιος, μάταιος', i.e. `futile, idle'. Not to ὄφελος. Prob. to ἀποφεῖν ἀπατῆσαι H. so orig. `deceiving'. Wrong Pedersen FS Hammerich, 1952, 190ff. (from *φωλ- `power', to OCS boljьjь). For the formation cf. ἁμαρτωλός, s. Chantr. Form. 43. S. ἀπαφίσκω.Page in Frisk: 1,126Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀποφώλιος
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8 καρός
Grammatical information: gen.Meaning: only in τίω δέ μιν ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ (Ι 378) indicating something useless.Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]X [probably]Etymology: Here perhaps καριμοίρους, explained by H. in two ways: τοὺς ἐν μηδεμιᾳ̃ μοίρᾳ, η μισθοφόρους. - Mostly as "(something) cut off, futile" connected with κείρω, but perh. rather from κάρ `louse' (H.), which would be more visual and impressive (from κείρω we cannot get καρ-). Not with Schwyzer Glotta 12, 17f. a. n. gen. of κήρ (s.v.) `goddess of death' with old ablaut.Page in Frisk: 1,790-791Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καρός
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9 μέλεος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `idle, vain, futile, unhappy' (Il.).Compounds: Rarely as 1. member, e.g. μελεο-παθής `having suffered wretchedly' (A.). As to the accent agreeing to the secondary material- and animal-adj. like χρύσεος, λίθεος, βόεος (Chantraine Form. 50 f.), μέλεος belongs because of its meaning rather to the primary oxytona ἐτεός, κενεός, στερεός; so an instance of Aeolic barytonesis?Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Like ἐτεός for ἐτεϜός, μέλεος can stand for *μέλεϜος (Bechtel Lex. s. v.; cf. on μῶλος). Further unclear; quite dobtful combinations in Prellwitz, Bq, WP. 2, 291, Pok. 719f.; s. also W.-Hofmann s. 3. malus, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. mẽlas 1.; cf. also on βλάσφημος.Page in Frisk: 2,200Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέλεος
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10 αἰών
αἰών, ῶνος, ὁ (Hom.+; gener. ‘an extended period of time’, in var. senses)① a long period of time, without ref. to beginning or end,ⓐ of time gone by, the past, earliest times, readily suggesting a venerable or awesome eld οἱ ἅγιοι ἀπʼ αἰῶνος προφῆται the holy prophets fr. time immemorial (cp. Hes., Theog. 609; Περὶ ὕψους 34, 4 τοὺς ἀπʼ αἰ. ῥήτορας; Cass. Dio 63, 20 τῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ αἰ. Ῥωμαίων; IMagnMai 180, 4; SIG index; Gen 6:4; Tob 4:12; Sir 14:17; 51:8; En 14:1; 99:14; Jos., Bell. 1, 12; Just., D. 11, 1) Lk 1:70; Ac 3:21; make known from of old Ac 15:18; πρὸ παντὸς τ. αἰ. before time began Jd 25a (for the combination with πᾶς cp. Sallust. 20 p. 36, 5 τὸν πάντα αἰῶνα=through all eternity); pl. πρὸ τῶν αἰ. 1 Cor 2:7 (cp. Ps 54:20 θεὸς ὁ ὑπάρχων πρὸ τῶν αἰ. [PGM 4, 3067 ἀπὸ τ. ἱερῶν αἰώνων]); ἐξ αἰ. since the beginning D 16:4 (Diod S 1, 6, 3; 3, 20, 2; 4, 83, 3; 5, 2, 3; Sext. Emp., Math. 9, 62; OGI 669, 61; Philo, Somn. 1, 19; Jos., Bell. 5, 442; Sir 1:4; SibOr Fgm. 1, 16 of God μόνος εἰς αἰῶνα κ. ἐξ αἰῶνος). W. neg. foll. ἐκ τοῦ αἰῶνος οὐκ ἠκούσθη never has it been heard J 9:32.ⓑ of time to come which, if it has no end, is also known as eternity (so commonly in Gk. lit. Pla. et al.); εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα (since Isocr. 10, 62, also Diod S 1, 56, 1 εἰς τ. αἰ.=εἰς ἅπαντα τ. χρόνον; 4, 1, 4; SIG 814, 49 and OGI index VIII; POxy 41, 30=‘Long live the Caesars’; PGM 8, 33; 4, 1051 [εἰς αἰ.]; LXX; En 12:6; 102:3; PsSol 2:34, 37; ParJer 8:5; JosAs 15:3 εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα χρόνον 4:10 al. Jos., Ant. 7, 356 [εἰς αἰ.]) to eternity, eternally, in perpetuity: live J 6:51, 58; B 6:3; remain J 8:35ab; 12:34; 2 Cor 9:9 (Ps. 111:9); 1 Pt 1:23 v.l., 25 (Is 40:8); 1J 2:17; 2J 2; be with someone J 14:16. Be priest Hb 5:6; 6:20; 7:17, 21, 24, 28 (each Ps 109:4). Darkness reserved Jd 13. W. neg.=never, not at all, never again (Ps 124:1; Ezk 27:36 al.) Mt 21:19; Mk 3:29; 11:14; 1 Cor 8:13. ἕως αἰῶνος (LXX) 1 Cl 10:4 (Gen 13:15); Hv 2, 3, 3; Hs 9, 24, 4. In Johannine usage the term is used formulaically without emphasis on eternity (Lackeit [s. 4 below] 32f): never again thirst J 4:14; never see death 8:51f; cp. 11:26; never be lost 10:28; never (= by no means) 13:8. εἰς τὸν αἰ. τοῦ αἰῶνος (Ps 44:18; 82:18 al.) Hb 1:8 (Ps 44:7). ἕως αἰῶνος (LXX; PsSol 18:11) Lk 1:55 v.l. (for εἰς τὸν αἰ.); εἰς ἡμέραν αἰῶνος 2 Pt 3:18.—The pl. is also used (Emped., Fgm. 129, 6 αἰῶνες=generations; Theocr. 16, 43 μακροὺς αἰῶνας=long periods of time; Philod. περὶ θεῶν 3 Fgm. 84; Sext. Emp., Phys. 1, 62 εἰς αἰῶνας διαμένει; SibOr 3, 767; LXX, En; TestAbr B 7 p. 112, 3 [Stone p. 72].—B-D-F §141, 1), esp. in doxologies: εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας (Ps 60:5; 76:8) Mt 6:13 v.l.; Lk 1:33 (cp. Wsd 3:8); Hb 13:8. εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰ. (Tob 13:4; Da 3:52b; En 9:4; SibOr 3, 50) Jd 25b. εὐλογητὸς εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας to all eternity (cp. Ps 88:53) Ro 1:25; 9:5; 2 Cor 11:31. αὐτῷ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰ. Ro 11:36; ᾧ κτλ. 16:27 (v.l. αὐτῷ). τὸ κράτος εἰς τοὺς αἰ. 1 Pt 5:11; more fully εἰς τοὺς αἰ. τῶν αἰώνων (Ps 83:5; GrBar 17:4; PGM 4, 1038; 22b, 15) for evermore in doxologies Ro 16:27 v.l.; Gal 1:5; Phil 4:20; 1 Ti 1:17; 2 Ti 4:18; Hb 13:21; 1 Pt 4:11; 5:11 v.l.; Rv 1:6, 18; 5:13; 7:12; 11:15 al. 1 Cl 20:12; 32:4; 38:4; 43:6; εἰς πάσας τὰς γενεὰς τοῦ αἰῶνος τῶν αἰ. Eph 3:21 (cp. Tob 1:4; 13:12; En 103:4; 104:5). Of God ὁ ζῶν εἰς τοὺς αἰ. (cp. Tob 13:2; Sir 18:1; Da 6:27 Theod.) Rv 4:9f; 10:6; 15:7; formulaically= eternal 14:11; 19:3; 20:10; 22:5.—κατὰ πρόθεσιν τῶν αἰώνων according to the eternal purpose Eph 3:11. All-inclusive ἀπὸ αἰώνων καὶ εἰς τ. αἰῶνας from (past) eternity to (future) eternity B 18:2 (cp. Ps 40:14 and Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 7, 401a, 16 ἐξ αἰῶνος ἀτέρμονος εἰς ἕτερον αἰῶνα; M. Ant. 9, 28, 1 ἐξ αἰῶνος εἰς αἰῶνα; SibOr Fgm. 1, 16 of God μόνος εἰς αἰῶνα κ. ἐξ αἰῶνος).② a segment of time as a particular unit of history, ageⓐ ὁ αἰὼν οὗτος (הָעוֹלָם הַזֶּה) the present age (nearing its end) (Orig., C. Cels. 1, 13, 15, in ref. to 1 Cor 3:18; s. Bousset, Rel. 243ff; Dalman, Worte 120ff; Schürer II 537f; NMessel, D. Einheitlichkeit d. jüd. Eschatol. 1915, 44–60) contrasted w. the age to come (Philo and Joseph. do not have the two aeons) Mt 12:32. A time of sin and misery Hv 1, 1, 8; Hs 3:1ff; ending of Mk in the Freer ms. 2; ἡ μέριμνα τοῦ αἰ. (v.l. + τούτου) the cares of the present age Mt 13:22; pl. cp. Mk 4:19. πλοῦτος earthly riches Hv 3, 6, 5. ματαιώματα vain, futile things Hm 9:4; Hs 5, 3, 6. πραγματεῖαι m 10, 1, 4. ἐπιθυμία m 11:8; Hs 6, 2, 3; 7:2; 8, 11, 3. πονηρία Hs 6, 1, 4. ἀπάται Hs 6, 3, 3 v.l. οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ αἰ. τούτου the children of this age, the people of the world (opp. children of light, enlightened ones) Lk 16:8; 20:34.—The earthly kingdoms βασιλεῖαι τοῦ αἰ. τούτου IRo 6:1. συσχηματίζεσθαι τῷ αἰ. τούτῳ be conformed to this world Ro 12:2. As well as everything non-Christian, it includes the striving after worldly wisdom: συζητητὴς τοῦ αἰ. τούτου searcher after the wisdom of this world 1 Cor 1:20. σοφία τοῦ αἰ. τούτου 2:6. ἐν τῷ αἰ. τούτῳ 3:18 prob. belongs to what precedes=those who consider themselves wise in this age must become fools (in the estimation of this age). The ruler of this age is the devil: ὁ θεὸς τοῦ αἰ. τούτου 2 Cor 4:4 (θεός 5). ἄρχων τοῦ αἰ. τούτου IEph 17:1; 19:1; IMg 1:3; ITr 4:2; IRo 7:1; IPhld 6:2; his subordinate spirits are the ἄρχοντες τοῦ αἰ. τούτου 1 Cor 2:6, 8 (ἄρχων 1c).—Also ὁ νῦν αἰών (Did., Gen. 148, 21): πλούσιοι ἐν τῷ νῦν αἰ. 1 Ti 6:17; ἀγαπᾶν τὸν νῦν αἰ. 2 Ti 4:10; Pol 9:2. Cp. Tit 2:12. Or (Orig., C. Cels. 2, 42, 30) ὁ αἰ. ὁ ἐνεστώς the present age Gal 1:4 (cp. SIG 797, 9 [37 A.D.] αἰῶνος νῦν ἐνεστῶτος). The end of this period (cp. SibOr 3, 756 μέχρι τέρματος αἰῶνος) συντέλεια (τοῦ) αἰ. Mt 13:39f, 49; 24:3; 28:20 (cp. TestJob 4:6; TestBenj 11:3; JRobinson, Texts and Studies V introd. 86). συντέλεια τῶν αἰ. Hb 9:26; on GMary 463, 1 s. καιρός end.ⓑ ὁ αἰὼν μέλλων (הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא) the age to come, the Messianic period (on the expr. cp. Demosth. 18, 199; Hippocr., Ep. 10, 6 ὁ μ. αἰ.=the future, all future time; Ael. Aristid. 46 p. 310 D.: ἡ τοῦ παρελθόντος χρόνου μνεία κ. ὁ τοῦ μέλλοντος αἰῶνος λόγος; Jos., Ant. 18, 287; Ar. 15, 3; Orig., C. Cels. 8, 24, 20; Did., Gen. 164, 2) in 2 Cl 6:3, cp. Hs 4:2ff, opposed to the αἰὼν οὗτος both in time and quality, cp. Mt 12:32; Eph 1:21; δυνάμεις μέλλοντος αἰ. Hb 6:5. Also αἰ. ἐκεῖνος: τοῦ αἰ. ἐκείνου τυχεῖν take part in the age to come Lk 20:35. ὁ αἰ. ὁ ἐρχόμενος Mk 10:30; Lk 18:30; Hs 4:2, 8. ὁ αἰ. ὁ ἐπερχόμενος Hv 4, 3, 5: pl. ἐν τοῖς αἰῶσιν τοῖς ἐπερχομένοις in the ages to come Eph 2:7. As a holy age ὁ ἅγιος αἰ. (opp. οὗτος ὁ κόσμος; cp. εἰς τὸν μείζονα αἰ. TestJob 47:3) B 10:11 and as a time of perfection αἰ. ἀλύπητος an age free from sorrow 2 Cl 19:4 (cp. αἰ. … τοῦ ἀπαραλλάκτου TestJob 33:5), while the present αἰών is an ‘aeon of pain’ (Slav. Enoch 65, 8).—The plurals 1 Cor 10:11 have been explained by some as referring to both ages, i.e. the end-point of the first and beginning of the second; this view urges that the earliest Christians believed that the two ages came together during their own lifetimes: we, upon whom the ends of the ages have come (JWeiss. A Greek would not refer to the beginning as τέλος. The Gordian knot has οὔτε τέλος οὔτε ἀρχή: Arrian, Anab. 2, 3, 7). But since τὰ τέλη can also mean ‘end’ in the singular (Ael. Aristid. 44, 17 K.=17 p. 406 D.: σώματος ἀρχαὶ κ. τέλη=‘beginning and end’; 39 p. 737 D.: τὰ τέλη … δράματος; Longus 1, 23, 1 ms. ἦρος τέλη; Vi. Thu. 2, 2 [=OxfT ΘΟΥΚΥΔΙΔΟΥ ΒΙΟΣ 2] τέλη τοῦ πολέμου; Aëtius, Eye Diseases p. 120, 25 Hirschb. after Galen: τὰ τέλη τ. λόγου=the close of the section; Philo, Virt. 182) and, on the other hand, the pl. αἰῶνες is often purely formal (s. above 1a and b, 2a at end) τὰ τέλη τῶν αἰ. can perh. be regarded as equal to τέλος αἰώνων (SibOr 8, 311)=the end of the age(s). Cp. TestLevi 14:1 ἐπὶ τὰ τέλη τῶν αἰώνων.—For the essential equivalence of sing. and pl. cp. Maximus Tyr. 14, 8b τὰ τῆς κολακείας τέλη beside τέλος τῆς σπουδῆς. Cp. also τέλος 5.③ the world as a spatial concept, the world (αἰ. in sg. and pl. [B-D-F §141, 1]: Hippocr., Ep. 17, 34; Diod S 1, 1, 3 God rules ἅπαντα τὸν αἰῶνα; Ael. Aristid. 20, 13 K.=21 p. 434 D.: ἐκ τοῦ παντὸς αἰῶνος; Maximus Tyr. 11, 5e; IAndrosIsis, Cyrene 4 [103 A.D.] P. p. 129]; Ps 65:7; Ex 15:18 [cp. Philo, Plant. 47; 51]; Wsd 13:9; 14:6; 18:4; αἰῶνες οἱ κρείττονε Tat. 20:2) ApcPt 4:14. Created by God through the Son Hb 1:2; through God’s word 11:3. Hence God is βασιλεὺς τῶν αἰ. 1 Ti 1:17; Rv 15:3 (v.l. for ἐθνῶν); 1 Cl 61:2 (cp. PGM 12, 247 αἰώνων βασιλεῦ; Tob 13:7, 11, cp. AcPh 2 and 11 [Aa II/2, 2, 20 and 6, 9]); πατὴρ τῶν αἰ. 35:3 (cp. Just., A I, 41, 2; AcPh 144 [Aa II/2, 84, 9]); θεὸς τῶν αἰ. 55:6 (cp. Sir 36:17; ὁ θεὸς τοῦ αἰ.; En 1:4; PGM 4, 1163; TSchermann, Griech. Zauber-pap 1909, 23; AcJ 82 [Aa II/1, 191, 24f]). But many of these pass. may belong under 2.④ the Aeon as a person, the Aeon (Rtzst., Erlösungsmyst. 268 index under Aion, Taufe 391 index; Epict. 2, 5, 13 οὐ γάρ εἰμι αἰών, ἀλλʼ ἄνθρωπος=I am not a being that lasts forever, but a human being [and therefore I know that whatever is must pass away]; Mesomedes 1, 17=Coll. Alex. p. 197, 17; Simplicius in Epict. p. 81, 15 οἱ αἰῶνες beside the μήτηρ τῆς ζωῆς and the δημιουργός; En 9:4 κύριος τ. κυρίων καὶ θεὸς τ. θεῶν κ. βασιλεὺς τ. αἰώνων; PGM 4, 520; 1169; 2198; 2314; 3168; 5, 468; AcPh 132 [Aa II/2, 63, 5]; Kephal. I p. 24, 6; 45, 7) ὁ αἰ. τοῦ κόσμου τούτου Eph 2:2. The secret hidden from the Aeons Col 1:26; Eph 3:9 (Rtzst., Erlösungsmyst. 235f); IEph 19:2 (Rtzst. 86, 3); cp. 8:1 (Rtzst. 236, 2). Various other meanings have been suggested for these passages.—CLackeit, Aion I, diss. Königsbg. 1916; EBurton, ICC Gal 1921, 426–32; HJunker, Iran. Quellen d. hellenist. Aionvorstellung: Vortr. d. Bibl. Warburg I 1923, 125ff; ENorden, D. Geburt des Kindes 1924; MZepf, D. Gott Αιων in d. hellenist. Theologie: ARW 25, 1927, 225–44; ANock, HTR 27, 1934, 78–99=Essays I, ’72, 377–96; RLöwe, Kosmos u. Aion ’35; EOwen, αἰών and αἰώνιος: JTS 37, ’36, 265–83; 390–404; EJenni, Das Wort ˓ōlām im AT: ZAW 64, ’52, 197–248; 65, ’53, 1–35; KDeichgräber, RGG I3 193–95; HSasse, RAC I 193–204; MNilsson, Die Rel. in den gr. Zauberpapyri, K. humanist. Vetenskapssamfundets Lund II ’47/48, 81f; GJennings, A Survey of αιων and αιωνιος and their meaning in the NT, ’48; GStadtmüller, Aion: Saeculum 2, ’51, 315–20 (lit.); EDegani, ΑΙΩΝ da Omero ad Aristotele ’61 (s. Classen, Gnomon 34, ’62, 366–70; D.’s reply in RivFil 91, ’63, 104–10); MTreu, Griech. Ewigkeitswörter, Glotta 43, ’65, 1–24; JBarr, Biblical Words for Time2 ’69; OCullman, Christus u. die Zeit3 ’62.—B. 13. EDNT. DDD s.v. Aion. DELG. M-M. TW. Sv. -
11 λυτρόω
λυτρόω (s. prec. entry; Pla.+) in our lit. only mid. (and pass.) λυτρόομαι (Demosth.+) fut. mid. λυτρώσομαι LXX; 1 aor. mid. ἐλυτρωσάμην, impv. λύτρωσαι. Pass.: 1fut. λυτρωθήσομαι (LXX); 1 aor. ἐλυτρώθην; pf. 3 sg. λελύτρωται, ptc. λελυτρωμένος LXX.—DELG s.v. λύω.① to free by paying a ransom, redeemⓐ lit. (Demosth. 19, 170) of prisoners (Diod S 5, 17, 3; Jos., Ant. 14, 371) 1 Cl 55:2.ⓑ fig. λύτρωσαι τ. δεσμίους ἡμῶν (in a prayer) 1 Cl 59:4.—Pass. ἀργυρίῳ ἢ χρυσίῳ λυτρωθῆναι ἐκ τῆς ματαίας ὑμῶν ἀναστροφῆς be ransomed with silver or gold from your futile way of life 1 Pt 1:18 (on λ. ἔκ τινος s. 2 below.—WvanUnnik, De verlossing 1 Pt 1:18, 19 en het problem van den 1 Pt ’42).② to liberate from an oppressive situation, set free, rescue, redeem, fig. ext. of mng. 1 (Ps.-Callisth. 2, 7, 4 τὴν Ἑλλάδα λυτρώσασθαι; 3, 19, 10; LXX; Philo) τινά someone (Iren. 5, 1, 1 [Harv. II 315, 1]) B 14:8. Of Christ in his coming again λυτρώσεται ἡμᾶς he will redeem us 2 Cl 17:4. Of the Messiah ὁ μέλλων λυτροῦσθαι τὸν Ἰσραήλ Lk 24:21 (cp. Is 44:22–4; 1 Macc 4:11; PsSol 8:30; 9:1). τινὰ ἀπό τινος someone fr. someth. (Ps 118:134; cp. the ancient Christian prayer: CSchmidt, Heinrici Festschr. 1914, p. 69, 32f) λ. ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἀνομίας Tit 2:14 (TestJos 18:2 ἀπὸ παντὸς κακοῦ). Also τινὰ ἔκ τινος (non-bibl. ins in CB I/2 566f ἐλυτρώσατο πολλοὺς ἐκ κακῶν βασάνων; Dt 13:6; Ps 106:2; Sir 51:2; Mel., P. 67, 475 ἐκ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου λατρείας) someone fr. a monster Hv 4, 1, 7. ἐξ ἀναγκῶν m 8:10. ἐκ τοῦ σκότους B 14:5f; cp. vs. 7. ἐκ θανάτου (Hos 13:14) 19:2. τ. ψυχὴν ἐκ θανάτου Ac 28:19 v.l. ἐκ τοσούτων κακῶν AcPl Ha 3, 10.—Pass. (Aristot., EN 10, 2 [1164b, 34]; LXX; TestJos 18:2; Just., D. 131, 3; Iren. 1, 21, 4 [Harv. I 186, 12]) be redeemed ἐν τῇ χάριτι by grace IPhld 11:1 (on λ. ἐν cp. 2 Esdr 11:10 ἐν τ. δυνάμει; Ps 76:16; Sir 48:20). γινώσκομεν οὖν πόθεν ἐλυτρώθημεν we know, then, the source of our redemption B 14:7.—New Docs 3, 72–75. DELG s.v. λύω. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
12 ματαιότης
ματαιότης, ητος, ἡ (s. prec. entry; Philod., Rhet. II p. 26, 6 Sudh. μ. ἀνθρώπων; Sext. Emp., Adv. Math. 1, 278; Pollux 6, 134; LXX; TestSol 8:2 D; Philo, Conf. Lingu. 141. Perh. also CIG IV, 8743, 6) state of being without use or value, emptiness, futility, purposelessness, transitoriness τῇ μ. ἡ κτίσις ὑπετάγη the creation was subjected to frustration Ro 8:20. Of the heathen περιπατεῖν ἐν μ. τοῦ νοός walk with their minds fixed on futile things Eph 4:17. φεύγειν ἀπὸ πάσης μ. flee from all idle speculations 4:10; cp. Pol 7:2 (καθαρεύειν ἀπὸ πάσης μ. νοημάτων καὶ λέξεων Orig., C. Cels. 5, 46, 5). ὑπέρογκα ματαιότητος φθέγγεσθαι utter highsounding but empty words 2 Pt 2:18 (cp. Ps 37:13). ἐπὶ ματαιότητι out of folly (Arrian, Ind. 36, 1 ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγγελίης τῇ ματαιότητι) ITr 8:2.—DELG s.v. μάτη. M-M. TW. -
13 ματαιόω
ματαιόω (s. μάταιος) pres. 3 pl. ματαιοῦσιν Jer 23:16. Pass.: fut. 3 sg. ματαιωθήσεται; 1 aor. ἐματαιώθην; pf. μεματαίωμαι (Herodian, Gramm. I 453, 13; schol. on Soph., Trach. 258 Papag.; Dositheus 71, 17; otherw. in bibl. and eccl. usage; LXX) render futile/worthless pass. be given over to worthlessness, think about idle, worthless things, be foolish (1 Ch 21:8) ἐματαιώθησαν ἐν τοῖς διαλογισμοῖς αὐτῶν their thoughts became directed to worthless things Ro 1:21 (w. ref. to idolatry; s. μάταιος and cp. Jer 2:5 ἐπορεύθησαν ὀπίσω τῶν ματαίων καὶ ἐματαιώθησαν).—DELG s.v. μάτη. -
14 νοῦς
νοῦς, νοός, νοί̈, νοῦν, ὁ (contracted fr. νόος.—Hom. et al.; pap, LXX, TestSol, Test12Patr; SibOr 3, 574; EpArist 276; Philo [oft.]; Jos., Ant. 3, 65, Vi. 122 al.; apolog. exc. Mel.—On its declension s. B-D-F §52; W-S. §8, 11; Mlt-H. 127; 142) in the NT only in Pauline lit. except for Lk 24:45; Rv 13:18; 17:9.ⓐ mind, intellect as the side of life contrasted w. physical existence, the higher, mental part of a human being that initiates thoughts and plans (Apollonius of Tyana [I A.D.] in Eus., PE 4, 13; Orig., C. Cels. 8, 38, 21; 52, 24; Did., Gen. 57, 26): ὁ νόμος τοῦ νοός (μου) the law of (my) intellect Ro 7:22 v.l., 23. (Opp. σάρξ) τῷ ν. δουλεύειν νόμῳ θεοῦ serve the law of God w. one’s intellect vs. 25.ⓑ understanding, mind as faculty of thinking (Hippol., Ref. 4, 43, 2; Did., Gen. 44, 11 [w. λογισμός]) διανοίγειν τὸν ν. τινος open someone’s mind Lk 24:45. ὁ ἔχων νοῦν whoever has understanding Rv 13:18 (ν. ἔχειν as Aristoph., Equ. 482; Hyperid. 3, 23; Dio Chrys. 17 [34], 39; 23 [40], 26; Ael. Aristid. 23, 12 K.=42 p. 771 D.; EpArist 276; Philo, Mos. 1, 141; TestReub 3:8; Ar. 9, 5; Just., D. 30, 1; 60, 2; Tat. 1, 2). ὧδε ὁ ν. ὁ ἔχων σοφίαν here is (i.e. this calls for) a mind with wisdom 17:9. νοῦν διδόναι grant understanding Dg 10:2. Also παρέχειν νοῦν 11:5. ὁ σοφίαν καὶ νοῦν θέμενος ἐν ἡμῖν τῶν κρυφίων αὐτοῦ who has placed in us wisdom and understanding of his secrets 6:10. ποικίλος τῇ φρονήσει καὶ τῷ ν. diverse in thought and understanding Hs 9, 17, 2a; cp. vs. 2b. Of the peace of God ἡ ὑπερέχουσα πάντα ν. which surpasses all power of thought Phil 4:7. In contrast to the divine Pneuma which inspires the ‘speaker in tongues’: ὁ ν. μου ἄκαρπός ἐστιν my mind is unfruitful, because it remains inactive during the glossolalia 1 Cor 14:14. προσεύχεσθαι τῷ ν. (opp. τῷ πνεύματι.—νόῳ as instrumental dat. as Pind., P. 1, 40) pray w. the understanding vs. 15a; ψάλλειν τῷ ν. vs. 15b. θέλω πέντε λόγους τῷ ν. μου λαλῆσαι I would rather speak five words w. my understanding vs. 19 (cp. 1QS 10:9).—As a designation of Christ (cp. SibOr 8, 284) in a long series of expressions (w. φῶς) Dg 9:6 (cp. Epict. 2, 8, 2 τίς οὖν οὐσία θεοῦ; νοῦς, ἐπιστήμη, λόγος ὀρθός. Theoph. Ant. 1, 3 [p. 62, 14] νοῦν ἐὰν εἴπω, φρόνησιν αὐτοῦ [sc. τοῦ θεοῦ] λέγω; Ath. 10, 2 νοῦς καὶ λόγος τοῦ πατρὸς ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ. The god Νοῦς in the Herm. Wr.: Rtzst., Mysterienrel3 47 al.; JKroll, D. Lehren des Hermes Trismegistos 1914, 10ff; 60ff al.; PGM 5, 465 ὁ μέγας Νοῦς; Iren. 1, 1, 1 [Harv. I 9, 7], 1, 2, 1 [Harv. I 13, 7]: names of Aeons in gnostic speculation).—Also the state of sensibleness, composure in contrast to the disturbances of soul brought about by the expectation of the Parousia, σαλευθῆναι ἀπὸ τοῦ νοός be shaken, and thereby lose your calmness of mind 2 Th 2:2.② way of thinking, mind, attitude, as the sum total of the whole mental and moral state of being (Just., A I, 15, 16)ⓐ as possessed by every person μεταμορφοῦσθαι τῇ ἀνακαινώσει τοῦ ν. be transformed by the renewing of the mind, which comes about when Christians have their natural νοῦς penetrated and transformed by the Spirit which they receive at baptism Ro 12:2 (s. Ltzm., Hdb. ad loc.). W. the same sense ἀνανεοῦσθαι τῷ πνεύματι τοῦ ν. ὑμῶν you must adopt a new attitude of mind Eph 4:23 (the piling up of synonyms is a distinctive feature of Eph; s. MDibelius, Hdb. exc. on Eph 1:14). Of polytheists παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς ὁ θεὸς εἰς ἀδόκιμον ν. God abandoned them to depraved thoughts Ro 1:28. τὰ ἔθνη περιπατεῖ ἐν ματαιότητι τοῦ ν. αὐτῶν the nations/gentiles live w. their minds fixed on futile things Eph 4:17. Of one who is in error: εἰκῇ φυσιούμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ ν. τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ groundlessly conceited (lit. ‘puffed up’) by his mind, fixed on purely physical things Col 2:18. κατεφθαρμένος τὸν ν. with depraved mind 2 Ti 3:8; also διεφθαρμένος τὸν ν. 1 Ti 6:5 (B-D-F §159, 3; Rob. 486). μεμίανται αὐτῶν καὶ ὁ ν. καὶ ἡ συνείδησις their minds and consciences are unclean Tit 1:15. ὁ ν. αὐτῶν περὶ τὴν πρᾶξιν αὐτῶν καταγίνεται their mind is fixed on their own business Hm 10, 1, 5.ⓑ specif. of the Christian attitude or way of thinking κατηρτισμένοι ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ νοί̈ 1 Cor 1:10. Through baptism believers receive μίαν φρόνησιν καὶ ἕνα νοῦν Hs 9, 17, 4; cp. 9, 18, 4. εἷς νοῦς, μία ἐλπίς is to rule in the church IMg 7:1.③ result of thinking, mind, thought, opinion, decree (Hom. et al. of gods and humans; cp. Hippol., Ref. 9, 10, 8) ἕκαστος ἐν τῷ ἰδίῳ ν. πληροφορείσθω each pers. is to be fully convinced in his own mind Ro 14:5. τίς γὰρ ἔγνω νοῦν κυρίου; who has known the Lord’s thoughts? (Is 40:13) 11:34; 1 Cor 2:16a. When Paul continues in the latter passage vs. 16b w. ἡμεῖς νοῦν Χριστοῦ ἔχομεν, he is using the scriptural word νοῦς to denote what he usu. calls πνεῦμα (vs. 14f). He can do this because his νοῦς (since he is a ‘pneumatic’ person) is filled w. the Spirit (s. 2a above), so that in his case the two are interchangeable. Such a νοῦς is impossible for a ‘psychic’ person.—OMoe, Vernunft u. Geist im NT: ZST 11, ’34, 351–91; RJewett, Paul’s Anthropological Terms, ’71, 358–90; TKrischer, Glotta 62, ’84, 141–49. S. καρδία end; νοέω end.—B. 1198. DELG s.v. νόος. Schmidt, Syn. III 621–55. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv. -
15 πατροπαράδοτος
πατροπαράδοτος, ον inherited, handed down from one’s father or forefathers/ancestors (Dionys. Hal. 5, 48; Diod S 4, 8, 5 [εὐσέβεια]; 15, 74, 5 [εὔνοια]; 17, 4, 1 [ἡγεμονία]; OGI 331, 49 [s. Welles p. 270]; PGM 33, 23; TestSol 13, 4 C) ἡ ματαία ἀναστροφὴ π. the futile way of life inherited from your ancestors 1 Pt 1:18 (WvUnnik, De verlossing 1 Pt 1, 18, 19, ’42, The Critique of Paganism in 1 Pt 1:18, Neotestamentica et Semitica [MBlack Festschr.], ’69, 129–42).—DELG s.v. δίδωμι. M-M.Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πατροπαράδοτος
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16 στάσις
στάσις, εως, ἡ① condition of being in a certain position or state of affairs, existence, occurrence στάσιν ἔχειν be in existence, be standing (Polyb. 5, 5, 3; Plut., Mor. 731b ἔχ. γένεσιν καὶ στάσιν) Hb 9:8 (also prob. is place, position [Hdt. 9, 24 al.; Diod S 12, 72, 10; 13, 50, 9; LXX; En 12:4]). Stability was a dominant concern in administration of a state. If the focus is on the process leading up to establishment of a position, change is a dominant component, hence② movement toward a (new) state of affairs, uprising, riot, revolt, rebellion (opp. ἡσυχία [q.v. 1] civil harmony, peaceful conduct; since Alcaeus 46a, 1 D.2 [ἀνέμων στάσις=tumult of the winds]; Aeschyl., Hdt.; Sb 6643, 18 [88 B.C.]; PLond VI, 1912, 73 [41 A.D.]; Philo; Jos., Ant. 20, 117; Tat. 19, 3; loanw. in rabb.) against the civil authority Mk 15:7; Lk 23:19 (of an uprising: Dio Chrys. 21 [38], 14 γενομένης στάσεως), 25; Ac 19:40. Against the leaders of a Christian congregation 1 Cl 1:1. W. διχοστασία 51:1. But it is difficult to differentiate in 1 Cl betw. this sense and the foll. one, with focus on the component of discord.③ lack of agreement respecting policy, strife, discord, disunion (Diod S 12, 14, 3 στάσεις ἐν τ. οἰκίαις; Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 45 §193 ἡ Καίσαρος κ. Ἀντωνίου στάσις; IG IV2/1, 687, 13; PStras 20, 10; Jos., Ant. 18, 374 al.; Tat. 16, 3) 1 Cl 46:9. W. ἔρις 3:2; 14:2 (στάσεις). W. ἔρις and σχίσματα 54:2. W. σχίσμα 2:6. W. ζήτησις Ac 15:2. τὴν καταβολὴν τῆς στ. ποιεῖν lay the foundation of the discord 1 Cl 57:1. ἡσυχάζειν τῆς ματαίας στ. cease from that futile dissension 63:1. Specif. of a difference in opinion, dispute (Aeschyl., Pers. 738; Apollon. Paradox. 6 τήν γινομένην στάσιν τοῖς Πυθαγορείοις προειπεῖν; Diog. L. 3, 51; Philo, Rer. Div. Her. 248; Jos., Vi. 143 γίνεται στ.; Tat. 1, 1 al.) Ac 23:7, 10 (Polyaenus, Exc. 40, 3 στάσεως γενομένης). κινεῖν στάσεις (v.l. στάσιν) τισί create dissension among certain people Ac 24:5.—DELG. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
17 ἄμπελος
ἄμπελος, ου, ἡ (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX; En 32:4; JosAs, GrBar, EpArist, Philo; Jos., Ant. 12, 75 κλήματα ἀμπέλων σὺν βότρυσιν; Just.; Ath. 22:6f; Did., Gen. 31, 27; s. Frisk s.v. on futile attempts to establish I-E. or Semitic origin) vine, grapevineⓐ lit. 1 Cl 23:4=2 Cl 11:3 (quot. of unknown orig.); Hs 5, 2, 5; 5, 2; 9, 26, 4. τὸ γένημα τῆς ἀ. (cp. Is 32:12) Mt 26:29; Mk 14:25; Lk 22:18. μὴ δύναται ποιῆσαι ἄ. σῦκα; can a grapevine yield figs? Js 3:12 (Plut., Mor. 472e τὴν ἄμπελον σῦκα φέρειν οὐκ ἀξιοῦμεν; Epict. 2, 20, 18 πῶς δύναται ἄμπελος μὴ ἀμπελικῶς κινεῖσθαι, ἀλλʼ ἐλαϊκῶς κτλ.;). Trained on elm trees Hs 2:1ff. τρυγᾶν τοὺς βότρυας τῆς ἀ. τῆς γῆς to harvest the grapes fr. the vine of the earth (i.e. fr. the earth, symbol. repr. as a grapevine) Rv 14:18f; but ἀ may be taking on the meaning of ἀμπελών, as oft. in pap, possibly PHib 70b, 2 [III B.C.]; PTebt 24, 3; PAmh 79, 56; PFlor 50, 2; Greek Parchments fr. Avroman in Medina (JHS 34, 1914); Aelian, NA 11, 32 p. 286, 12 Hercher acc. to the mss. (see p. xl); Themistius 21 p. 245d; Aesop mss. (Ursing 77f). In the endtime: dies, in quibus vineae nascentur, singulae decem milia palmitum habentes Papias (1:2; cp. En 10:19).—Lit. on οἶνος 1 and συκῆ. HLutz, Viticulture … in the Ancient Orient 1922; ILöw, D. Flora d. Juden I 1928, 48–189.ⓑ fig. of Christ and his disciples: he is the vine, they the branches J 15:1, 4f (cp. Cornutus 27 p. 51, 3, where the pleasant state for the ἄμπ. is τὸ πολυφόρον κ. καθαρόν; Sir 24:17 of wisdom: ἐγὼ ὡς ἄ. ἐβλάστησα χάριν; Did., Gen. 86, 11 ἡ ψυχὴ ποτὲ μὲν ἄμπελος, ποτὲ δὲ πρόβατον, ποτὲ νύμφη … λέγεται). The words of the eucharistic prayer over the cup in D 9:2 cannot be explained w. certainty εὐχαριστοῦμέν σοι … ὑπὲρ τῆς ἁγίας ἀ. Δαυὶδ τοῦ παιδός σου, ἧς ἐγνώρισας ἡμῖν διὰ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ παιδός σου (s. AHarnack, TU II 1f, 1884 ad loc.; 6, 225ff; RKnopf, Hdb. ad loc.)—M-M. TW.
См. также в других словарях:
futile — [ fytil ] adj. • XIVe; lat. futilis 1 ♦ Qui est dépourvu de sérieux, qui ne mérite pas qu on s y arrête. ⇒ insignifiant. Discours, propos futiles. ⇒ creux, frivole, vain, vide. Sous le prétexte le plus futile. ⇒ léger; puéril. S occuper de choses … Encyclopédie Universelle
futile — futile, vain, fruitless, bootless, abortive all denote barren of result. Futile and vain parallel each other only when they imply failure to realize an immediate aim {it was equally in vain, and he soon wearied of his futile vigilance Stevenson}… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
Futile — Fu tile (?; 277), a. [L. futilis that easily pours out, that easily lets loose, vain, worthless, from the root of fundere to pour out: cf. F. futile. See {Fuse}, v. t.] [1913 Webster] 1. Talkative; loquacious; tattling. [Obs.] [1913 Webster]… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
futile — [fyo͞ot′ l; ] chiefly Brit & Cdn [, fyo͞o′tīl΄] adj. [< Fr or L: Fr futile < L futilis, lit., that easily pours out, hence untrustworthy, worthless, futile < base of fundere: see FOUND3] 1. a) that could not succeed; useless; vain b)… … English World dictionary
futile — I adjective abortive, barren, bootless, feckless, fruitless, futilis, gainless, hopeless, inanis, ineffective, ineffectual, inefficacious, insignificant, inutile, nugatory, otiose, profitless, resultless, unavailing, unfruitful, unimportant,… … Law dictionary
futile — 1550s, from M.Fr. futile, from L. futilis vain, worthless, futile, lit. pouring out easily (of a vessel), hence easily emptied, leaky, unreliable, from base of fundere pour, melt, from PIE root *gheu to pour (see FOUND (Cf. found) (2)). Related:… … Etymology dictionary
futile — FUTILE. adj. de tout genre. Frivole, Qui est de peu de consequence, de peu de consideration. Raison futile. discours futile … Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
futile — / futile/ agg. [dal lat. futĭlis, propr. che lascia scorrere ]. 1. [privo di profondità, di scarsa serietà: argomenti, discorsi f. ] ▶◀ e ◀▶ [➨ frivolo (1)]. 2. [di scarso peso, di poca importanza: litigare per f. motivi ] ▶◀ banale,… … Enciclopedia Italiana
futile — ► ADJECTIVE ▪ producing no useful result; pointless. DERIVATIVES futilely adverb futility noun. ORIGIN Latin futilis leaky, futile … English terms dictionary
Futĭle — (röm. Ant.), Opfergefäße in dem Tempel der Vesta, ohne Füße … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
FUTILE — Lutatio ad Stat. Theb. l. 7. v. 297. vas fuit lato ove, quo utebantur in sacris Deae Vestae; quia aqua ad sacra Vestae in terra non ponitur, quod si fiat, piaculumest, ideo excogitatum est vas, quod stare non posset, sed si positum statim… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
