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cē-rĕus

  • 1 reus

    rĕus, i, m., and rĕa, ae, f. [res], jurid. t. t.
    I.
    Originally, a party to an action (res), either plaintiff or defendant; afterwards restricted to the party accused, defendant, prisoner, etc.:

    reos appello non eos modo, qui arguuntur, sed omnes, quorum de re disceptatur. Sic enim olim loquebantur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 183; cf.:

    reos appello, quorum res est,

    id. ib. 2, 79, 321: reus nunc dicitur, qui causam dicit: et item qui quid promisit spoponditve ac debet. At Gallus Aelius, lib. II. Significationum verborum quae ad jus pertinent, ait:

    reus est qui cum altero litem contestatam habet, sive is egit, sive cum eo actum est,

    Fest. p. 273 Müll. It is found in this original signif. in the Lex XII. Tab., Fragm. ap. Fest. l. l., which Ulpian periphrases:

    si judex vel alteruter ex litigatoribus morbo sontico impediatur,

    Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 3.—
    II.
    In the stricter sense.
    A.
    A party obliged or under obligation to do or pay any thing, one answerable or responsible for any thing, a bondsman, a debtor: reus dictus est a re, quam promisit ac debet. Reus stipulando est, qui stipulatur. Reus promittendo est, qui suo nomine alteri quid pro altero promisit, Fest. pp. 135 and 227; cf. Dig. 45, 2, 1; and:

    delegare est vice suā alium reum dare creditori vel cui jusserit,

    ib. 46, 2, 11:

    pecuniae reus fieri,

    ib. 16, 1, 17:

    dotis,

    ib. 23, 3, 22, § 2:

    locationis,

    ib. 19, 2, 13, § 9.—
    2.
    Transf., in gen., one who is bound by any thing, who is answerable for any thing, a debtor (very rare): quo intentius custodiae serventur, opportuna loca dividenda praefectis esse, ut suae quisque partis tutandae reus sit, answerable or responsible for, Liv. 25, 30: voti reus, bound by my vow (sc. in having obtained my desire), Verg. A. 5, 237 (voti reus, debitor, Serv.:

    voti reus: Haec vox propria sacrorum est, ut reus vocetur, qui suscepto voto se numinibus obligat, damnatus autem, qui promissa vota non solvit,

    Macr. S. 3, 2). —
    B.
    One who is accused or arraigned, a defendant, prisoner, a criminal, culprit (the predominant signif. at all periods and in all styles; cf.:

    nocens, sons): quis erat petitor? Fannius. Quis reus? Flavius. Quis judex? Cluvius,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 42:

    inopia reorum... aliquos ad columnam Maeniam reos reperire,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 16, 50:

    privato Milone et reo ad populum accusante P. Clodio,

    id. Mil. 15, 40:

    reus Milonis lege Plotiā fuit Clodius quoad vixit,

    id. ib. 13 fin.:

    facere aliquem reum,

    to accuse one, Nep. Alcib. 4, 3.—

    Persons under criminal charges usually put on mourning: rei ad populum Furius et Manlius circumeunt sordidati,

    Liv. 2, 54, 3 (cf. id. 2, 61; 3, 58; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152). — In fem.:

    ut socrus adulescentis rea ne fiat,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 54:

    tota rea citaretur Etruria,

    id. Mil. 19, 50:

    rea es,

    Sen. Contr. 4, 29. —
    (β).
    With a statement of the crime or the punishment, one guilty of any crime, one condemned to any punishment:

    facti reus,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 16:

    aliquem rei capitalis reum facere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 94; cf.

    capitis,

    Quint. 12, 10, 70:

    avaritiae,

    Cic. Fl. 3, 7:

    lenocinii,

    Quint. 5, 10, 47:

    parricidii,

    id. 7, 2, 17:

    manifesti peculatūs,

    id. 12, 1, 43 et saep.:

    Sestius, qui est de vi reus,

    Cic. Sest. 35, 75; so,

    de vi,

    id. Vatin. 17, 41; Quint. 11, 1, 51:

    de ambitu,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 2:

    de moribus,

    Quint. 4, 2, 3:

    est enim reus uterque ob eandem causam et eodem crimine,

    Cic. Vatin. 17, 41:

    mortis reus,

    Vulg. Matt. 26, 66:

    cum equester ordo reus a consulibus citaretur,

    Cic. Sest. 15, 35. — For the expressions reum facere, agere, peragere, postulare, inter reos referre, etc., v. h. vv.—
    2.
    Transf., in gen.:

    judex sim Reusque ad eam rem,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12:

    reus fortunae,

    that was to be blamed for a misfortune, Liv. 6, 24; 9, 8:

    facinoris,

    Tac. A. 2, 66:

    reus agor,

    Ov. H. 20, 91.— In fem.:

    fortuna una accusatur, una agitur rea,

    Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 22:

    cum rea laudis agar,

    Ov. H. 14, 120.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > reus

  • 2 reus

        reus adj.    [res], concerned in a thing, party to an action: reos appello omnīs, quorum de re disceptatur.— Accused, arraigned, defendant, prosecuted, under charges: Milone reo ad populum, accusante P. Clodio: cum a me reus factus sit, was prosecuted: ne quis istis legibus reus fiat: rei ad populum circumeunt sordidati, when under charges before the tribal comitia, L.: ut socrus adulescentis rea ne fiat: tota rea citaretur Etruria: de vi: ob eandem causam et eodem crimine: Nunc reus infelix absens agor, O.—As subst m., the defendant, accused, prisoner: innocentem reum condemnatum audiebant: aliter condemnari reus non potest.— Bound, answerable, responsible: ut suae quisque partis tutandae reus sit, L.: voti reus, when bound by my vow, i. e. when my prayer is granted, V.: fortunae, to be blamed for, L.: Quid fiet sonti, cum rea laudis agar? i. e. though deserving praise am accused, O.
    * * *
    I
    rea, reum ADJ
    liable to (penalty of); guilty
    II
    party in law suit; plaintiff/defendant; culprit/guilty party, debtor; sinner

    Latin-English dictionary > reus

  • 3 reus

    defendant, accused, answerable, bound.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > reus

  • 4 Venerius (-reus)

        Venerius (-reus) adj.,     of Venus.—Plur. m. as subst. (sc. servi), the attendants in the temple of Venus Erycina.—Of sexual love, venereal; cf. homo, servant of Venus (implying wantonness).— As subst m. (sc. iactus), in gaming with dice, the Venus-throw.

    Latin-English dictionary > Venerius (-reus)

  • 5 Actus reus

    Latin Quotes (Latin to English) > Actus reus

  • 6 cito

    1.
    cĭtŏ, adv., v. cieo, P. a. fin.
    2.
    cĭto, āvi, ātum ( part. perf. gen. plur. citatūm, Att. ap. Non. p. 485; inf. pass. citarier, Cat. 61, 42), 1, v. freq. a. [cieo].
    I.
    To put into quick motion, to move or drive violently or rapidly, to hurl, shake, rouse, excite, provoke, incite, stimulate, promote, etc. (mostly post-Aug. and poet.; in earlier authors usu. only in P. a.):

    citat hastam,

    Sil. 4, 583:

    arma,

    Stat. Th. 8, 124:

    gradum,

    Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 510:

    urinam,

    Cels. 2, 19:

    pus,

    id. 5, 28, n. 13:

    umorem illuc,

    id. 4, 6:

    alvum,

    Col. 7, 9, 9:

    ubi luctandi juvenes animosa citavit gloria,

    Stat. Th. 6, 834. —
    2.
    Of plants, to put or shoot forth:

    virgam,

    Col. 3, 6, 2; 4, 15, 2:

    radices,

    id. 5, 5, 5; id. Arb. 10, 3; Pall. Feb. 9, 6.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    isque motus (animi) aut boni aut mali opinione citetur,

    be called forth, Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, 24 Orell. N. cr. (cf.:

    motus cieri,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 20).—
    II.
    (Like cieo, 2.) With reference to the termination ad quem, to urge to, call or summon to (class.; esp. freq. in lang. of business;

    syn.: voco, adesse jubeo): patres in curiam per praeconem ad regem Tarquinium citari jussit,

    Liv. 1, 47, 8; id. 3, 38, 6 and 12:

    senatum,

    id. 9, 30, 2:

    in fora citatis senatoribus,

    id. 27, 24, 2:

    tribus ad sacramentum,

    Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Cat. 61, 43:

    judices citati in hunc reum consedistis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 19:

    citari nominatim unum ex iis, etc., i. e. for enrollment for milit. service,

    Liv. 2, 29, 2; id. Epit. libr. 14; Val. Max. 6, 3, 4.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    In law, to call the parties, to see whether they are present (syn.:

    in jus vocare, evocare): citat reum: non respondet. Citat accusatorem... citatus accusator non respondit, non affuit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 40, § 98; 2, 2, 38, § 92; id. Div. in Caecil. 13, 41;

    so of those accused,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 92; id. Mil. 19, 50; Suet. Tib. 11; 61.—And of the roll of a gang of slaves:

    mancipia ergastuli cottidie per nomina,

    Col. 11, 1, 22 al. —Hence, to accuse:

    cum equester ordo reus a consulibus citaretur,

    Cic. Sest. 15, 35; Vitr. 7 praef.;

    and facetiously,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 6.—With gen. of the charge or penalty:

    omnes ii... abs te capitis C. Rabirii nomine citantur,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 11, 31; cf.:

    ne proditi mysterii reus a philosophis citaretur,

    Lact. 3, 16, 5.—Of witnesses:

    in hanc rem testem totam Siciliam citabo,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 59, § 146; Suet. Caes. 74; Quint. 6, 4, 7.—
    b.
    Beyond the sphere of judicial proceedings: testem, auctorem, to call one to witness, to call upon, appeal to, quote, cite:

    quamvis citetur Salamis clarissimae testis victoriae,

    Cic. Off. 1, 22, 75:

    quos ego testes citaturus fui rerum a me gestarum,

    Liv. 38, 47, 4:

    poëtas ad testimonium,

    Petr. 2, 5:

    libri, quos Macer Licinius citat identidem auctores,

    Liv. 4, 20, 8.— To call for votes or opinions in the senate, haec illi, quo quisque ordine citabantur, Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 18.—Of an appeal to a god for aid, etc., Ov. F. 5, 683; Cat. 61, 42.—
    2.
    (Like cieo, II. C.) In gen., to mention any person or thing by name, to name, mention, call out, proclaim, announce (rare but class.;

    syn. laudo): omnes Danai reliquique Graeci, qui hoc anapaesto citantur,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 18: victorem Olympiae citari; cf. Nep. praef. § 5; Liv. 29, 37, 9; Stat. Th. 6, 922:

    paeanem,

    to rehearse, recite, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251:

    io Bacche,

    to call, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7 (cf.:

    triumphum ciere,

    Liv. 45, 38, 12, infra cieo, II. C. 2.); Col. 11, 1, 22.—Hence, cĭtātus, a, um, part., driven, urged on, hastened, hurried; and P a., quick, rapid, speedy, swift (opp. tardus; class.).
    A.
    Prop., freq.:

    citato equo,

    at full gallop, Caes. B. C. 3, 96; Liv. 1, 27, 7; 3, 46, 6; so,

    equis,

    id. 1, 5, 8; cf. Verg. A. 12, 373 al.:

    jumentis,

    Suet. Ner. 5:

    pede,

    Cat. 63, 2:

    tripudiis,

    id. 63, 26:

    citato gradu,

    Liv. 28, 14, 17:

    passibus,

    Sen. Hippol. 9:

    axe,

    Juv. 1, 60:

    citatum agmen,

    Liv. 35, 30, 1:

    citatiore agmine ad stativa sua pervenit,

    id. 27, 50, 1; so,

    citatissimo agmine,

    id. 22, 6, 10 al.:

    amnis citatior,

    id. 23, 19, 11:

    flumen,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 178:

    nautae,

    Prop. 1, 8, 23:

    rates,

    Sen. Hippol. 1048; Luc. 8, 456:

    currus,

    Sil. 8, 663:

    Euro citatior,

    Sil. 4, 6:

    alvus citatior,

    Plin. 7, 15, 13, § 63.—Also instead of an adv. (cf. citus, B.):

    Rhenus per fines Trevirorum citatus fertur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 10:

    ferunt citati signa,

    Liv. 41, 3, 8:

    penna citatior ibat,

    Sil. 10, 11.—
    B.
    Trop., quick, rapid, vehement, impetuous:

    argumenta acria et citata,

    Quint. 9, 4, 135;

    and transf. to persons: in argumentis citati atque ipso etiam motu celeres sumus,

    id. 9, 4, 138:

    Roscius citatior, Aesopus gravior fuit,

    id. 11, 3, 111; 11, [p. 346] 3, 17:

    pronuntiatio (opp. pressa),

    id. 11, 3, 111:

    citatior manus (opp. lenior),

    id. 11, 3, 102:

    soni tum placidi tum citati,

    Gell. 1, 11, 15.— Adv.: cĭtātē, quickly, speedily, nimbly, rapidly (perh. only in the two foll. examples):

    piscatores citatius moventur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 112:

    ut versus quam citatissime volvant,

    id. 1, 1, 37.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cito

  • 7 confessi

    confĭtĕor, fessus, 2 (arch. inf. confiterier, Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 22), v. dep. [fateor], to acknowledge, confess, own, avow (an error, mistake, or a fact previously denied or doubted, etc., implying a sacrifice of will or a change of conviction; while fateor expresses a simple acknowledgment, and profiteor a voluntary avowal), to concede, allow, grant (class. in prose and poetry):

    quid confitetur, atque ita libenter confitetur, ut non solum fateri sed etiam profiteri videatur?

    Cic. Caecin. 9, 24; cf.: hic ego non solum confiteor, verum etiam profiteor, id. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 434, 30:

    tacendo loqui, non infitiando confiteri videbantur,

    id. Sest. 18, 40.
    I.
    In gen.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    et genus et divitias meas,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 52:

    peccatum suum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

    amorem nutrici,

    Ov. M. 14, 703; cf.:

    amorem patris nutrici,

    Quint. 9, 2, 64:

    crimen,

    Curt. 6, 11, 31:

    facinus,

    id. 8, 8, 2: singula, * Cat. 86, 2: se, to make one's self known (sc. Jovem), Ov. M. 3, 2; cf.

    deam,

    Verg. A. 2, 591.—With two accs.:

    se victos, Cacs. B. C. 1, 84: se imperitum,

    Quint. 1, 10, 19:

    causam Caesaris meliorem,

    id. 5, 11, 42:

    hoc de statuis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 60, § 149:

    summam infirmitatem de se,

    Quint. 2, 4, 28:

    de se quid voluerit,

    id. 8, 4, 23.—
    (β).
    With acc. and inf.:

    hoc confiteor jure mi obtigisse,

    Ter. And. 3, 5, 1; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 97; 5, 3, 12:

    me abs te cupisse laudari aperte atque ingenue confitebar,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 2; 1, 9, 18; id. N. D. 1, 7, 44; Lucr. 1, 271; 1, 826; 2, 691 al.; Quint. 2, 17, 19; 11, 1, 85; Suet. Caes. 52 et saep.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    ut eampse vos audistis confiterier,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 22; Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 13; id. Phorm. 5, 9 (8), 46:

    confitentem audire Torquatum,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 21; Ov. M. 2, 52; 13, 270; Curt. 6, 11, 14; Tac. A. 11, 28:

    vere,

    Ov. R. Am. 318; cf.:

    confessae manus,

    i. e. confessing defeat, id. M. 5, 215.—
    (δ).
    With de:

    de maleficio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 41, 119; so id. ib. 42, 123; Tac. A. 14, 59; cf. supra, a fin. —
    b.
    Part. perf.: confessus, a, um, in a pass. signif.: aes, Lex XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 15, 13, 11, and 20, 1, 45; Dig. 42, 1, 15; v. under P. a.—Hence,
    II.
    Esp., after the Aug. per., sometimes, to reveal, manifest, make known, show.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    confessa vultibus iram,

    Ov. M. 6, 35:

    motum animi sui lacrimis,

    Quint. 6, 1, 23:

    admirationem suam plausu,

    id. 8, 3, 3; 9, 4, 39:

    cupidinem coëundi,

    id. 1, 28, 2. —
    (β).
    With acc. and inf., Quint. 1, 6, 15; 4, 2, 122; Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 3; Pall. Jun. 7, 6.—
    III.
    In eccl. writers, to confess, own, acknowledge: Christum, Prud. steph. 5, 40.— With dat.:

    tibi, Domine,

    Vulg. Psa. 137, 1:

    nomini tuo,

    id. ib. 141, 8.— Absol., Cypr. Ep. 15.— confessus, a, um, P. a.
    1.
    Act., confessing, that has acknowledged, pleaded guilty, etc.:

    reus,

    Ov. P. 2, 2, 56:

    in judicio reus,

    Dig. 48, 4, 4, § 1.— Subst.: confessi, ōrum, m., criminals who have confessed their guilt:

    de confessis supplicium sumere,

    Sall. C. 52, 36.—
    2.
    Pass., lit., acknowledged; hence, undoubted, evident, certain, incontrovertible (most freq. in the post-Aug. per.):

    ut omnes intellegant, quam improbam, quam manifestam, quam confessam rem pecuniā redimere conetur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 56, § 130:

    confessā in re,

    Plin. 7, 49, 50, § 164; 20, 11, 45, § 116.—Esp., subst.: confessum, i, n., an undoubted, certain, acknowledged thing, matter:

    a confessis transeamus ad dubiā,

    Sen. Q. N. 2, 21, 1:

    adhuc versamur in confessis,

    Quint. 7, 1, 48:

    de confessis disserere,

    Plin. 10, 49, 70, § 138 al. —Hence the phrases:

    ex confesso,

    confessedly, beyond doubt, Quint. 3, 5, 3; Sen. Ep. 76, 12:

    in confesso esse,

    to be notorious, everywhere known, id. Ben. 3, 11, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 2, 3; id. Q. N. 2, 22, 2; Vell. 2, 85, 4; Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 54; Tac. Or. 25; 27:

    vita cervis in confesso longa est,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 191; Amm. 21, 1, 3:

    in confessum venire,

    to be generally acknowledged, be well known, Plin. Ep. 10, 81 (85), 8; cf.:

    ad liquidum confessumque perducere omnia,

    Quint. 5, 14, 28:

    pro confesso habere aliquid,

    Lact. 2, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > confessi

  • 8 confessum

    confĭtĕor, fessus, 2 (arch. inf. confiterier, Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 22), v. dep. [fateor], to acknowledge, confess, own, avow (an error, mistake, or a fact previously denied or doubted, etc., implying a sacrifice of will or a change of conviction; while fateor expresses a simple acknowledgment, and profiteor a voluntary avowal), to concede, allow, grant (class. in prose and poetry):

    quid confitetur, atque ita libenter confitetur, ut non solum fateri sed etiam profiteri videatur?

    Cic. Caecin. 9, 24; cf.: hic ego non solum confiteor, verum etiam profiteor, id. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 434, 30:

    tacendo loqui, non infitiando confiteri videbantur,

    id. Sest. 18, 40.
    I.
    In gen.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    et genus et divitias meas,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 52:

    peccatum suum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

    amorem nutrici,

    Ov. M. 14, 703; cf.:

    amorem patris nutrici,

    Quint. 9, 2, 64:

    crimen,

    Curt. 6, 11, 31:

    facinus,

    id. 8, 8, 2: singula, * Cat. 86, 2: se, to make one's self known (sc. Jovem), Ov. M. 3, 2; cf.

    deam,

    Verg. A. 2, 591.—With two accs.:

    se victos, Cacs. B. C. 1, 84: se imperitum,

    Quint. 1, 10, 19:

    causam Caesaris meliorem,

    id. 5, 11, 42:

    hoc de statuis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 60, § 149:

    summam infirmitatem de se,

    Quint. 2, 4, 28:

    de se quid voluerit,

    id. 8, 4, 23.—
    (β).
    With acc. and inf.:

    hoc confiteor jure mi obtigisse,

    Ter. And. 3, 5, 1; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 97; 5, 3, 12:

    me abs te cupisse laudari aperte atque ingenue confitebar,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 2; 1, 9, 18; id. N. D. 1, 7, 44; Lucr. 1, 271; 1, 826; 2, 691 al.; Quint. 2, 17, 19; 11, 1, 85; Suet. Caes. 52 et saep.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    ut eampse vos audistis confiterier,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 22; Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 13; id. Phorm. 5, 9 (8), 46:

    confitentem audire Torquatum,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 21; Ov. M. 2, 52; 13, 270; Curt. 6, 11, 14; Tac. A. 11, 28:

    vere,

    Ov. R. Am. 318; cf.:

    confessae manus,

    i. e. confessing defeat, id. M. 5, 215.—
    (δ).
    With de:

    de maleficio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 41, 119; so id. ib. 42, 123; Tac. A. 14, 59; cf. supra, a fin. —
    b.
    Part. perf.: confessus, a, um, in a pass. signif.: aes, Lex XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 15, 13, 11, and 20, 1, 45; Dig. 42, 1, 15; v. under P. a.—Hence,
    II.
    Esp., after the Aug. per., sometimes, to reveal, manifest, make known, show.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    confessa vultibus iram,

    Ov. M. 6, 35:

    motum animi sui lacrimis,

    Quint. 6, 1, 23:

    admirationem suam plausu,

    id. 8, 3, 3; 9, 4, 39:

    cupidinem coëundi,

    id. 1, 28, 2. —
    (β).
    With acc. and inf., Quint. 1, 6, 15; 4, 2, 122; Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 3; Pall. Jun. 7, 6.—
    III.
    In eccl. writers, to confess, own, acknowledge: Christum, Prud. steph. 5, 40.— With dat.:

    tibi, Domine,

    Vulg. Psa. 137, 1:

    nomini tuo,

    id. ib. 141, 8.— Absol., Cypr. Ep. 15.— confessus, a, um, P. a.
    1.
    Act., confessing, that has acknowledged, pleaded guilty, etc.:

    reus,

    Ov. P. 2, 2, 56:

    in judicio reus,

    Dig. 48, 4, 4, § 1.— Subst.: confessi, ōrum, m., criminals who have confessed their guilt:

    de confessis supplicium sumere,

    Sall. C. 52, 36.—
    2.
    Pass., lit., acknowledged; hence, undoubted, evident, certain, incontrovertible (most freq. in the post-Aug. per.):

    ut omnes intellegant, quam improbam, quam manifestam, quam confessam rem pecuniā redimere conetur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 56, § 130:

    confessā in re,

    Plin. 7, 49, 50, § 164; 20, 11, 45, § 116.—Esp., subst.: confessum, i, n., an undoubted, certain, acknowledged thing, matter:

    a confessis transeamus ad dubiā,

    Sen. Q. N. 2, 21, 1:

    adhuc versamur in confessis,

    Quint. 7, 1, 48:

    de confessis disserere,

    Plin. 10, 49, 70, § 138 al. —Hence the phrases:

    ex confesso,

    confessedly, beyond doubt, Quint. 3, 5, 3; Sen. Ep. 76, 12:

    in confesso esse,

    to be notorious, everywhere known, id. Ben. 3, 11, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 2, 3; id. Q. N. 2, 22, 2; Vell. 2, 85, 4; Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 54; Tac. Or. 25; 27:

    vita cervis in confesso longa est,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 191; Amm. 21, 1, 3:

    in confessum venire,

    to be generally acknowledged, be well known, Plin. Ep. 10, 81 (85), 8; cf.:

    ad liquidum confessumque perducere omnia,

    Quint. 5, 14, 28:

    pro confesso habere aliquid,

    Lact. 2, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > confessum

  • 9 confiteor

    confĭtĕor, fessus, 2 (arch. inf. confiterier, Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 22), v. dep. [fateor], to acknowledge, confess, own, avow (an error, mistake, or a fact previously denied or doubted, etc., implying a sacrifice of will or a change of conviction; while fateor expresses a simple acknowledgment, and profiteor a voluntary avowal), to concede, allow, grant (class. in prose and poetry):

    quid confitetur, atque ita libenter confitetur, ut non solum fateri sed etiam profiteri videatur?

    Cic. Caecin. 9, 24; cf.: hic ego non solum confiteor, verum etiam profiteor, id. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 434, 30:

    tacendo loqui, non infitiando confiteri videbantur,

    id. Sest. 18, 40.
    I.
    In gen.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    et genus et divitias meas,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 52:

    peccatum suum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

    amorem nutrici,

    Ov. M. 14, 703; cf.:

    amorem patris nutrici,

    Quint. 9, 2, 64:

    crimen,

    Curt. 6, 11, 31:

    facinus,

    id. 8, 8, 2: singula, * Cat. 86, 2: se, to make one's self known (sc. Jovem), Ov. M. 3, 2; cf.

    deam,

    Verg. A. 2, 591.—With two accs.:

    se victos, Cacs. B. C. 1, 84: se imperitum,

    Quint. 1, 10, 19:

    causam Caesaris meliorem,

    id. 5, 11, 42:

    hoc de statuis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 60, § 149:

    summam infirmitatem de se,

    Quint. 2, 4, 28:

    de se quid voluerit,

    id. 8, 4, 23.—
    (β).
    With acc. and inf.:

    hoc confiteor jure mi obtigisse,

    Ter. And. 3, 5, 1; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 97; 5, 3, 12:

    me abs te cupisse laudari aperte atque ingenue confitebar,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 2; 1, 9, 18; id. N. D. 1, 7, 44; Lucr. 1, 271; 1, 826; 2, 691 al.; Quint. 2, 17, 19; 11, 1, 85; Suet. Caes. 52 et saep.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    ut eampse vos audistis confiterier,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 22; Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 13; id. Phorm. 5, 9 (8), 46:

    confitentem audire Torquatum,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 21; Ov. M. 2, 52; 13, 270; Curt. 6, 11, 14; Tac. A. 11, 28:

    vere,

    Ov. R. Am. 318; cf.:

    confessae manus,

    i. e. confessing defeat, id. M. 5, 215.—
    (δ).
    With de:

    de maleficio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 41, 119; so id. ib. 42, 123; Tac. A. 14, 59; cf. supra, a fin. —
    b.
    Part. perf.: confessus, a, um, in a pass. signif.: aes, Lex XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 15, 13, 11, and 20, 1, 45; Dig. 42, 1, 15; v. under P. a.—Hence,
    II.
    Esp., after the Aug. per., sometimes, to reveal, manifest, make known, show.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    confessa vultibus iram,

    Ov. M. 6, 35:

    motum animi sui lacrimis,

    Quint. 6, 1, 23:

    admirationem suam plausu,

    id. 8, 3, 3; 9, 4, 39:

    cupidinem coëundi,

    id. 1, 28, 2. —
    (β).
    With acc. and inf., Quint. 1, 6, 15; 4, 2, 122; Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 3; Pall. Jun. 7, 6.—
    III.
    In eccl. writers, to confess, own, acknowledge: Christum, Prud. steph. 5, 40.— With dat.:

    tibi, Domine,

    Vulg. Psa. 137, 1:

    nomini tuo,

    id. ib. 141, 8.— Absol., Cypr. Ep. 15.— confessus, a, um, P. a.
    1.
    Act., confessing, that has acknowledged, pleaded guilty, etc.:

    reus,

    Ov. P. 2, 2, 56:

    in judicio reus,

    Dig. 48, 4, 4, § 1.— Subst.: confessi, ōrum, m., criminals who have confessed their guilt:

    de confessis supplicium sumere,

    Sall. C. 52, 36.—
    2.
    Pass., lit., acknowledged; hence, undoubted, evident, certain, incontrovertible (most freq. in the post-Aug. per.):

    ut omnes intellegant, quam improbam, quam manifestam, quam confessam rem pecuniā redimere conetur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 56, § 130:

    confessā in re,

    Plin. 7, 49, 50, § 164; 20, 11, 45, § 116.—Esp., subst.: confessum, i, n., an undoubted, certain, acknowledged thing, matter:

    a confessis transeamus ad dubiā,

    Sen. Q. N. 2, 21, 1:

    adhuc versamur in confessis,

    Quint. 7, 1, 48:

    de confessis disserere,

    Plin. 10, 49, 70, § 138 al. —Hence the phrases:

    ex confesso,

    confessedly, beyond doubt, Quint. 3, 5, 3; Sen. Ep. 76, 12:

    in confesso esse,

    to be notorious, everywhere known, id. Ben. 3, 11, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 2, 3; id. Q. N. 2, 22, 2; Vell. 2, 85, 4; Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 54; Tac. Or. 25; 27:

    vita cervis in confesso longa est,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 191; Amm. 21, 1, 3:

    in confessum venire,

    to be generally acknowledged, be well known, Plin. Ep. 10, 81 (85), 8; cf.:

    ad liquidum confessumque perducere omnia,

    Quint. 5, 14, 28:

    pro confesso habere aliquid,

    Lact. 2, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > confiteor

  • 10 repeto

    rĕ-pĕto, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 3, v. a., to fall upon or attack again or anew, to strike again (syn. repercutio).
    I.
    Lit. (in gen. not till after the Aug. per.):

    regem repetitum saepius cuspide ad terram affixit,

    after he had repeatedly attacked him, Liv. 4, 19; cf.:

    mulam calcibus et canem morsu,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 27, 1:

    repetita per ilia ferrum,

    Ov. M. 4, 733; 6, 562.— Absol.:

    bis cavere, bis repetere,

    to attack twice, Quint. 5, 13, 54:

    signum erat omnium, Repete!

    strike again, Suet. Calig. 58:

    ad Nolam armis repetendam,

    Liv. 9, 28:

    repetitus toxico,

    id. Claud. 44. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To prosecute again:

    condicione propositā, ut, si quem quis repetere vellet, par periculum poenae subiret,

    Suet. Aug. 32; id. Dom. 8 and 9; Dig. 48, 2, 3; 48, 16, 10; 15.—
    2.
    To seek again; to go back to, return to, revisit a person or thing.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    fratresque virumque,

    Ov. H. 3, 143:

    Nearchum,

    Hor. C. 3, 20, 6:

    Penates, ab orā Hispanā,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 3:

    viam, quā venisset,

    to retrace, Liv. 35, 28; cf. id. 9, 2, 8:

    castra,

    id. 31, 21; Suet. Tib. 12:

    domum,

    Hor. C. 1, 15, 6; Ov. P. 4, 4, 41; id. M. 3, 204:

    patriam,

    id. H. 18, 123; Just. 32, 3, 7:

    Africam,

    Liv. 25. 27:

    locum,

    id. 3, 63:

    retro Apuliam,

    id. 22, 18; cf. id. 31, 45 fin.; 40, 58 fin.:

    rursus Bithyniam,

    Suet. Caes. 2:

    urbem atque ordinem senatorium,

    id. Vit. 1:

    paludes,

    Hor. C. 3, 27, 9:

    cavum,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 33:

    praesepia,

    Verg. E. 7, 39:

    urbem,

    id. A. 2, 749:

    Macedoniam,

    Nep. Eum. 6, 1:

    pugnam (shortly before, redire in pugnam),

    Liv. 37, 43:

    expeditionem,

    Suet. Claud. 1.—
    (β).
    With prep.:

    onerarias retro in Africam repetere,

    Liv. 25, 25 fin. Drak.:

    ad vada,

    Verg. Cul. 104:

    ad prima vestigia,

    Grat. Cyn. 245.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    quid enim repetiimus (sc. patriam)?

    Liv. 5, 51.—Freq. in medic. lang., to return, recur:

    morbi repetunt,

    Cels. 2, 1; 3, 22; 4, 4; 14 al. —
    II.
    Transf. (class.).
    A.
    To fetch, bring, or take back (cf. revoco).
    1.
    Lit.:

    filium istinc repetere,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 72:

    repudiatus repetor,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 14:

    Lysias est Atticus, quamquam Timaeus eum quasi Liciniā et Muciā lege repetit Syracusas,

    Cic. Brut. 16, 63:

    qui maxime me repetistis atque revocastis,

    id. Dom. 57, 144:

    navigo in Ephesum, ut aurum repetam ab Theotimo domum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 6, 7:

    ad haec (impedimenta) repetenda,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 76:

    aliquid ab Urbe,

    Suet. Calig. 39; cf.:

    thoracem Magni Alexandri e conditorio ejus,

    id. ib. 52 fin.:

    partem reliquam copiarum continenti,

    id. Aug. 16:

    alii (elephanti) deinde repetiti ac trajecti sunt,

    others were then brought and passed over, Liv. 21, 28:

    ut alium repetat in eundem rogum,

    Sen. Oedip. 61. —
    2.
    Trop., in partic.
    a.
    To take hold of or undertake again; to enter upon again; to recommence, resume, renew, repeat an action, a speech, etc. (cf.:

    renovo, restauro): praetermissa repetimus, incohata persequimur,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 51:

    longo intervallo haec studia repetentem,

    id. Fat. 2, 4; id. Att. 15, 11, 1:

    oratio carens hac virtute (sc. ordine) necesse est multa repetat, multa transeat,

    Quint. 7, prooem. §

    3: ad verbum repetita reddantur,

    id. 11, 2, 39 et saep.:

    eadem vetera consilia,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17:

    hoc primus repetas opus, hoc postremus omittas,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 48:

    susurri Compositā repetantur horā,

    id. C. 1, 9, 20:

    relicta,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 97:

    verba,

    Ov. H. 20, 9:

    audita,

    id. ib. 20, 193:

    repetitum Mulciber aevum Poscit,

    id. M. 9, 422:

    auspicia de integro,

    Liv. 5, 17:

    pugnam,

    id. 10, 36 acrius bellum, Just. 12, 2, 13:

    iter,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 747:

    sollemnia,

    Tac. A. 3, 6 fin.:

    spectacula ex antiquitate,

    to restore, Suet. Claud. 21; cf.:

    genera ignominiarum ex antiquitate,

    id. Tib. 19:

    legatum,

    Dig. 30, 1, 32:

    usum fructum,

    ib. 7, 4, 3.— With de:

    de mutatione litterarum nihil repetere hic necesse est,

    Quint. 1, 7, 13.— With object-clause:

    repetam necesse est, infinitas esse species,

    Quint. 6, 3, 101; 46: ut repetam coeptum pertexere dictis, Lucr. 1, 418; cf.:

    commemorare res,

    id. 6, 936.— Poet.: rĕpĕtītus, a, um, as an adv., repeatedly, anew, again:

    repetita suis percussit pectora palmis,

    Ov. M. 5, 473; 12, 287:

    robora caedit,

    id. ib. 8, 769:

    vellera mollibat longo tractu,

    by drawing out repeatedly, id. ib. 6, 20; cf.:

    haec decies repetita placebit,

    Hor. A. P. 365. —
    b.
    In discourse, to draw, deduce, derive from anywhere; to go back to, begin from anywhere (cf. deduco):

    populum a stirpe,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21:

    repetere populi originem,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 3:

    ipsius juris ortum a fonte... stirpem juris a naturā,

    id. Leg. 1, 6, 20:

    usque a Corace nescio quo et Tisiā,

    id. de Or. 1, 20, 91; 2, 2, 6:

    ab ultimā antiquitate,

    id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

    brevis erit narratio, si non ab ultimo repetetur,

    id. Inv. 1, 20, 28; Quint. 5, 10, 83:

    aliquid a Platonis auctoritate,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 34:

    ingressio non ex oratoriis disputationibus ducta sed e mediā philosophiā repetita,

    id. Or. 3, 11:

    res remotas ex litterarum monumentis,

    id. Inv. 1, 1, 1: initia amicitiae ex parentibus nostris, Bithyn. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 16 init.:

    verba ex ultimis tenebris, ex vetustate,

    Quint. 8, 3, 25; 11, 1, 49; 1, 4, 4:

    alte vero et, ut oportet, a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18:

    tam longa et tam alte repetita oratio,

    id. de Or. 3, 24, 91; id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    repetam paulo altius, etc.,

    id. Clu. 24, 66:

    altius omnem Expediam primā repetens ab origine famam,

    Verg. G. 4, 286; so,

    altius,

    Quint. 5, 7, 27; 6, 2, 2; 11, 1, 62; Suet. Ner. 2:

    transilire ante pedes posita et alia longe repetita sumere,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 160; so,

    longe,

    id. Fam. 13, 29, 2; id. Div. 2, 58, 119:

    longius,

    id. Inv. 1, 49, 91; Quint. 5, 7, 17; 5, 11, 23:

    repetitis atque enumeratis diebus,

    reckoned backwards, Caes. B. C. 3, 105; so,

    repetitis diebus ex die vulneris,

    Dig. 9, 2, 51, § 2:

    repetitā die,

    ib. 10, 4, 9, § 6; 39, 2, 15, § 31; 43, 19, 1, § 10; 22, 4, 3.—
    c.
    Repetere aliquid memoriā, memoriam rei, or (rarely without memoriā) aliquid, to call up again in the mind; to call to mind, recall, recollect (cf.:

    revoco, recordor): cogitanti mihi saepenumero et memoriā vetera repetenti,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Fam. 11, 27, 2; id. Rep. 1, 8, 13; Verg. A. 1, 372:

    repete memoriā tecum, quando, etc.,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 3, 3; cf. with object-clause: memoriā repeto, diem esse hodiernum, quo, etc., Scipio Afric. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3; Quint. 1, 6, 10:

    repete temporis illius memoriam,

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 20; id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

    memoriam ex annalibus,

    Liv. 8, 18:

    veteris cujusdam memoriae recordationem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 4.—Without memoriā:

    reminisci quom ea, quae tenuit mens ac memoria, cogitando repetuntur,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 44 Müll.:

    si omnium mearum praecepta litterarum repetes, intelleges, etc.,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7:

    supra repetere et paucis instituta majorum disserere,

    Sall. C. 5, 9:

    unde tuos primum repetam, mea Cynthia, fastus,

    Prop. 1, 18, 5:

    cum repeto noctem, quā, etc.,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 3:

    te animo repetentem exempla tuorum,

    Verg. A. 12, 439.— With object-clause:

    repeto, me correptum ab eo, cur ambularem,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 16; 7, 6, 7; 13; Suet. Gram. 4:

    multum ante repetito, concordem sibi conjugem, etc.,

    Tac. A. 3, 33.— Absol.:

    inde usque repetens, hoc video,

    Cic. Arch. 1, 1:

    genitor mihi talia (namque Nunc repeto) Anchises fatorum arcana reliquit,

    Verg. A. 7, 123; 3, 184.—
    B.
    To ask, demand, or take again or back; to demand or claim what is due (syn. reposco).
    1.
    In gen.
    a.
    Lit.:

    si quis mutuom quid dederit, fit pro proprio perditum, quom repetas,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 45; cf. id. ib. 5, 2, 7:

    suom,

    id. Ps. 1, 3, 63:

    neque repeto pro illā quidquam abs te pretii,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 11:

    bona sua,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 13, § 32:

    abs te sestertium miliens ex lege,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 5, 19:

    ereptas pecunias,

    id. ib. 5, 18; cf.:

    quae erepta sunt,

    id. Sull. 32, 89:

    mea promissa,

    id. Planc. 42, 101:

    obsides,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

    urbes bello superatas in antiquum jus,

    Liv. 35, 16, 6:

    Homerum Colophonii civem esse dicunt suum, Chii suum vindicant, Salaminii repetunt,

    Cic. Arch. 8, 19:

    Cicero Gallum a Verticone repetit, qui litteras ad Caesarem referat,

    applied again for, Caes. B. G. 5, 49:

    si forte suas repetitum venerit plumas,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 18:

    nec repetita sequi curet Proserpina matrem,

    Verg. G. 1, 39:

    Politorium rursus bello,

    to retake, Liv. 1, 33, 3.—
    b.
    Trop.: qui repetit eam, quam ego patri suo quondam spoponderim, dignitatem, Cic. Fl. 42, 106; cf.:

    pro eo (beneficio) gratiam repetere,

    Liv. 1, 47:

    civitatem in libertatem,

    id. 34, 22, 11:

    parentum poenas a consceleratissimis filiis,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 67:

    ab isto eas poenas vi repetisse, aliquo,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 163:

    ut ne mors quidem sit in repetendā libertate fugiendā,

    in the effort to recover, id. Phil. 10, 10, 20:

    libertatem per occasionem,

    Liv. 3, 49; cf.:

    dies ille libertatis improspere repetitae,

    Tac. A. 1, 8:

    beneficia ab aliquo,

    Sall. J. 96, 2:

    honores quasi debitos ab aliquo,

    id. ib. 85, 37:

    repete a me rempublicam,

    take back from me, Suet. Caes. 78: repetitumque, duobus uti mandaretur consulum nomen imperiumque, it was demanded again, that, etc., Liv. 3, 33: se repetere, to recover one ' s self, Sen. Ep. 104, 6.—
    2.
    In partic., publicists' and jurid. t. t.
    a.
    Of the fetiales: repetere res, to demand back from the enemy things which they had taken as booty; hence, in gen., to demand satisfaction:

    (fetiales) mittebantur antequam conciperetur (bellum), qui res repeterent,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 86 Müll.; Liv. 1, 32; 4, 30; 7, 6; 32; Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36:

    jure gentium res repeto,

    Sall. H. 3, 61, 17 Dietsch:

    amissa bello repetere,

    Just. 6, 6, 7; cf. clarigatio and clarigo. —
    b.
    In jurid. lang.: res repetere, to demand back or reclaim one ' s property before a court:

    in iis rebus repetendis, quae mancipi sunt,

    Cic. Mur. 2, 3.— Hence, transf., in gen., to seek to obtain, to reclaim: non ex jure manum consertum, sed magi' ferro Rem repetunt, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 277 Vahl.).—
    c.
    Pecuniae repetundae, or simply repetundae, money or other things extorted by a provincial governor, and that are to be restored (at a later period, referring to any bribed officer):

    L. Piso legem de pecuniis repetundis primus tulit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195; 2, 4, 25, § 56; id. Brut. 27, 106; id. Off. 2, 21, 75:

    quorum causā judicium de pecuniis repetundis est constitutum,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:

    clames te lege pecuniarum repetundarum non teneri,

    id. Clu. 53, 148:

    pecuniarum repetundarum reus,

    Sall. C. 18, 3:

    oppugnatus in judicio pecuniarum repetundarum,

    id. ib. 49, 2:

    quā lege a senatore ratio repeti solet de pecuniis repetundis,

    Cic. Clu. 37, 104:

    accusare de pecuniis repetundis,

    id. Rab. Post. 4, 9; id. Clu. 41, 114:

    cum de pecuniis repetundis nomen cujuspiam deferatur,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10:

    de pecuniis repetundis ad recuperatores itum est,

    Tac. A. 1, 74 fin. —With ellipsis of pecuniis:

    repetundarum causae, crimen, lex,

    Quint. 4, 2, 85; 5, 7, 5; 4, 2, 15; Tac. A. 4, 19; 13, 43; 12, 22; 13, 33; id. H. 1, 77; 4, 45; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 3:

    repetundarum reus,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, 7:

    repetundarum argui,

    Tac. A. 3, 33:

    accusare,

    Suet. Dom. 8:

    postulari,

    Tac. A. 3, 66; Suet. Caes. 4:

    absolvi,

    Tac. A. 13, 30:

    convinci,

    Suet. Caes. 43:

    damnari,

    Tac. A. 3, 70; 14, 28:

    teneri,

    id. ib. 11, 7: Pilius de repetundis eum postulavit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2 (for which, §

    3, de pecuniis repetundis): neque absolutus neque damnatus Servilius de repetundis,

    id. ib. §

    3: damnatum repetundis consularem virum,

    Suet. Oth. 2 fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > repeto

  • 11 secerno

    sē-cerno, crēvi, crētum, 3 (old inf. secernier, Lucr. 3, 263), v. a.
    I.
    Lit., to put apart, to sunder, sever, separate (freq. and class.; not in Cæs.; cf.: sepono, sejungo, secludo); constr. with simple acc., or with ab aliquā re; less freq. ex aliquā re; poet. with abl.
    (α).
    With simple acc.:

    quae non animalia solum Corpora sejungunt, sed terras ac mare totum Secernunt,

    Lucr. 2, 729:

    seorsum partem utramque,

    id. 3, 637:

    arietes, quibus sis usurus ad feturam, bimestri tempore ante secernendum,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 13 (cf. infra, b):

    stamen secernit harundo,

    Ov. M. 6, 55:

    sparsos sine ordine flores Secernunt calathis,

    separate in baskets, id. ib. 14, 267:

    nihil (praedae) in publicum secernendo augenti rem privatam militi favit,

    setting apart for the public treasury, Liv. 7, 16; cf.:

    Juppiter illa piae secrevit litora genti,

    hath set apart for the pious race, Hor. Epod. 16, 63:

    inde pares centum denos secrevit in orbes Romulus,

    separated, divided, Ov. F. 3, 127.—
    (β).
    With ab or (less freq.) with ex, and poet. with abl.:

    a terris altum secernere caelum,

    Lucr. 5, 446:

    ab aëre caelum,

    Ov. M. 1, 23:

    Europen ab Afro (medius liquor),

    Hor. C. 3, 3, 47:

    muro denique secernantur a nobis,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32:

    inermes ab armatis,

    Liv. 41, 3:

    militem a populo (in spectaculis),

    Suet. Aug. 44:

    se a bonis,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32; cf.:

    se ab Etruscis,

    Liv. 6, 10.—In the part. perf.:

    antequam incipiat admissura fieri, mares a feminis secretos habeant,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 18 (cf. supra, a); so,

    saepta ab aliis,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 8:

    manus a nobis,

    Lucr. 2, 912; 3, 552:

    sphaera ab aethereā conjunctione,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

    sucus a reliquo cibo,

    id. ib. 2, 55, 137:

    bilis ab eo cibo,

    id. ib. al.:

    secreti ab aliis ad tribunos adducuntur,

    Liv. 6, 25; 25, 30:

    secretis alterius ab altero criminibus,

    id. 40, 8 fin.; 39, 10:

    se e grege imperatorum,

    id. 35, 14 fin.:

    unum e praetextatis compluribus,

    Suet. Aug. 94 med.:

    monile ex omni gazā,

    id. Galb. 18:

    me gelidum nemus Nympharumque leves chori Secernunt populo,

    separate, distinguish, Hor. C. 1, 1, 32.—
    II.
    Trop., to separate, disjoin, part, dissociate (syn.: internosco, distinguo).
    (α).
    With simple acc.:

    hosce ego homines excipio et secerno libenter,

    set apart, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15.—
    (β).
    With ab, or poet. with abl.: ut venustas et pulchritudo corporis secerni non potest a valetudine;

    sic, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95:

    animum a corpore,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    tertium genus (laudationum) a praeceptis nostris,

    id. de Or. 2, 84, 341; cf.:

    ipsam pronuntiationem ab oratore,

    Quint. 1, 11, 17: dicendi facultatem a majore vitae laude, id. 2, 15, 2:

    sua a publicis consiliis,

    Liv. 4, 57:

    haec a probris ac sceleribus ejus,

    Suet. Ner. 19 et saep.:

    cur me a ceteris clarissimis viris in hoc officio secernas,

    Cic. Sull. 1, 3:

    publica privatis, sacra profanis,

    Hor. A. P. 397.—
    B.
    To distinguish, discern:

    blandum amicum a vero,

    Cic. Lael. 25, 95:

    non satis acute, quae sunt secernenda, distinguit,

    id. Top. 7, 31:

    nec natura potest justo secernere iniquum, Dividit ut bona diversis, fugienda petendis,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 113:

    turpi honestum,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 63.—
    C.
    To set aside, reject:

    cum reus frugalissimum quemque secerneret,

    Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3:

    minus idoneos senatores,

    Suet. Vit. 2.—Hence, sēcrē-tus, a, um, P. a., severed, separated; hence, separate, apart (as an adj. not freq. till after the Aug. period; not in Cic.; syn.: sejunctus, seclusus).
    A.
    In gen.:

    ne ducem suum, neve secretum imperium propriave signa haberent, miscuit manipulos, etc.,

    Liv. 1, 52:

    electa (uva defertur) in secretam corbulam,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2:

    arva,

    Verg. A. 6, 478; Varr. L. L. 9, § 57 Müll.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of places or things pertaining to them, out of the way, retired, remote, lonely, solitary, secret (syn.:

    solus, remotus, arcanus): secreta petit loca, balnea vitat,

    Hor. A. P. 298:

    locus (opp. celeber),

    Quint. 11, 1, 47:

    montes,

    Ov. M. 11, 765:

    silva,

    id. ib. 7, 75:

    litora,

    id. ib. 12, 196:

    pars domus (the gynaeceum),

    id. ib. 2, 737; cf. in sup.:

    secretissimus locus (navis),

    Petr. 100, 6: vastum ubique silentium, secreti colles, solitary, i. e. abandoned, deserted by the enemy, = deserti, Tac. Agr. 38:

    iter (with semita),

    solitary, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 103; cf.

    quies,

    Mart. 7, 32, 4.—Of persons and transactions, private, secret:

    invadit secretissimos tumultus,

    Sen. Ep. 91, 5:

    vacuis porticibus secretus agitat,

    Tac. A. 11, 21:

    est aliquis ex secretis studiis fructus,

    private studies, Quint. 2, 18, 4; so,

    studia (opp. forum),

    id. 12, 6, 4:

    disputationes,

    id. 12, 2, 7:

    contentio,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 4 et saep. —Hence,
    b.
    Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., retirement, solitude, secrecy; a solitude, solitary place, retreat (syn.: solitudo, secessus); sing.:

    cum stilus secreto gaudeat atque omnes arbitros reformidet,

    Quint. 10, 7, 16:

    secreti longi causā,

    Ov. H. 21, 21:

    altum abditumque secretum, Phn. Ep. 2, 17, 22: dulce,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 30; 12, 5, 2; Tac. A. 4, 57; 14, 53; id. Agr. 39 fin.; Phaedr. 3, 10, 11; 4, 23, 6; Luc. 3, 314.— Plur.:

    se a vulgo et scaenā in secreta removere,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 71:

    horrendaeque procul secreta Sibyllae,

    Verg. A. 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 594; Tac. H. 3, 63; Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    dulcis secretorum comes (eloquentia),

    id. 1, 4, 5:

    cameli solitudines aut secreta certe petunt,

    Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 173.— Comp.:

    haec pars Suevorum in secretiora Germaniae porrigitur,

    into the more remote parts, Tac. G. 41. —
    (β).
    Absol.: in secreto, in a secret place, secretly:

    tempus in secreto lbi tereret,

    Liv. 26, 19, 5:

    reus in secreto agebatur,

    Curt. 10, 4, 29.—
    2.
    That is removed from acquaintance (cf. abditus), hidden, concealed, secret:

    secreta ducis pectora,

    Mart. 5, 5, 4:

    secretas advocat artes,

    Ov. M. 7, 138:

    ars,

    Petr. 3:

    litterae (with familiares),

    Quint. 1, 1, 29:

    carmina (the Sibylline odes),

    Luc. 1, 599:

    libidines,

    Tac. A. 1, 4 fin.:

    quaedam imperii pignora,

    Flor. 1, 2, 3.—With ab:

    nec quicquam secretum alter ab altero haberent,

    Liv. 39, 10, 1.— Comp.:

    libertus ex secretioribus ministeriis,

    Tac. Agr. 40:

    praemia (opp. publica largitio),

    id. H. 1, 24:

    aliud (nomen),

    Quint. 1, 4, 25:

    vitium stomachi,

    Mart. 3, 77, 9.— Poet. for the adv. secreto:

    tu (Anna) secreta pyram tecto interiore Erige,

    in secret, secretly, Verg. A. 4, 494; cf.:

    stridere secreta divisos aure susurros,

    secretly in each one's ear, Hor. S. 2, 8, 78.—Hence,
    b.
    Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., something secret, secret conversation; a mystery, secret:

    secretum petenti non nisi adhibito filio dedit,

    Suet. Tib. 25 fin.; id. Calig. 23:

    illuc me persecutus secretum petit,

    a secret interview, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11:

    petito secreto futura aperit,

    Tac. H. 2, 4.— Piur.:

    crebra cum amicis secreta habere,

    Tac. A. 13, 18:

    animi secreta proferuntur,

    Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141:

    nulla lex jubet amicorum secreta non eloqui,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 21, 1:

    omnium secreta rimari,

    Tac. A. 6, 3:

    horribile secretum,

    Petr. 21, 3; Tac. H. 1, 17 fin.; id. Agr. 25; Suet. Aug. 66:

    uxor omnis secreti capacissima,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 7; Quint. 12, 9, 5 al.—Concr.:

    lucos ac nemora consecrant deorumque nominibus appellant secretum illud, quod solā reverentiā vident,

    that mysterious being, Tac. G. 9 fin.—Plur.:

    introitus, aperta, secreta velut in annales referebat,

    Tac. A. 4, 67; cf.:

    gens non astuta aperit adhuc secreta pectoris licentia joci,

    id. G. 22:

    oratio animi secreta detegit,

    Quint. 11, 1, 30; Tac. A. 1, 6; 4, 7 fin.; 6, 3; id. G. 19; Plin. Pan. 68, 6; Suet. Tib. 52; id. Oth. 3 et saep.—Concr.:

    (Minerva) hanc legem dederat, sua ne secreta viderent,

    i. e. the mysteries, Ov. M. 2, 556; 2, 749; cf.:

    secretiora quaedam,

    magic arts, Amm. 14, 6, 14:

    in secretis ejus reperti sunt duo libelli,

    among his private papers, Suet. Calig. 49.—
    3.
    Pregn., separate from what is common, i. e. uncommon, rare, recondite (perh. only in the two foll. passages of Quint.):

    (figurae) secretae et extra vulgarem usum positae, etc.,

    Quint. 9, 3, 5: interpretatio linguae secretioris, quas Graeci glôssas vocant, i. e. of the more uncommon words, id. 1, 1, 35 (for which:

    glossemata id est voces minus usitatas,

    id. 1, 8, 15).—
    4.
    In Lucr., of any thing separated from what belongs to it, i. e. wanting, deprived of, without something; with abl. or gen.:

    nec porro secreta cibo natura animantum Propagare genus possit (corresp. to sine imbribus),

    Lucr. 1, 194:

    (corpora) secreta teporis Sunt ac frigoris omnino calidique vaporis (corresp. to spoliata colore),

    id. 2, 843. —Hence, adv., in three forms: secreto (class.), secrete (post-class.), and secretim (late Lat. and very rare).
    * 1.
    (Acc. to A.) Apart, by itself, separately:

    de quibus (hortis) suo loco dicam secretius,

    Col. 11, 2, 25. —
    2.
    (Acc. to B. 2.) In secret, secretly; without witnesses; in private.
    (α).
    sēcrē-tō:

    mirum, quid solus secum secreto ille agat,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 73:

    secreto illum adjutabo,

    id. Truc. 2, 7, 7:

    secreto hoc audi,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:

    nescio quid secreto velle loqui te Aiebas mecum,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 67:

    secreto te huc seduxi,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 14:

    facere,

    id. Bacch. 5, 2, 30; 5, 2, 35; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 100; id. Att. 7, 8, 4; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4:

    secreto ab aliis,

    Liv. 3, 36:

    secreto agere cum aliquo,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 1; Quint. 5, 13, 16; 9, 2, 79; Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 8; Curt. 7, 2, 13.—
    (β).
    sēcrētē, Tert. Or. 1 med.; id. Pall. 4 fin. —
    b.
    Comp.:

    secretius emittitur inflatio,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 4, 1. —
    (γ).
    sēcrētim, Amm. 29, 1, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > secerno

  • 12 secretum

    sē-cerno, crēvi, crētum, 3 (old inf. secernier, Lucr. 3, 263), v. a.
    I.
    Lit., to put apart, to sunder, sever, separate (freq. and class.; not in Cæs.; cf.: sepono, sejungo, secludo); constr. with simple acc., or with ab aliquā re; less freq. ex aliquā re; poet. with abl.
    (α).
    With simple acc.:

    quae non animalia solum Corpora sejungunt, sed terras ac mare totum Secernunt,

    Lucr. 2, 729:

    seorsum partem utramque,

    id. 3, 637:

    arietes, quibus sis usurus ad feturam, bimestri tempore ante secernendum,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 13 (cf. infra, b):

    stamen secernit harundo,

    Ov. M. 6, 55:

    sparsos sine ordine flores Secernunt calathis,

    separate in baskets, id. ib. 14, 267:

    nihil (praedae) in publicum secernendo augenti rem privatam militi favit,

    setting apart for the public treasury, Liv. 7, 16; cf.:

    Juppiter illa piae secrevit litora genti,

    hath set apart for the pious race, Hor. Epod. 16, 63:

    inde pares centum denos secrevit in orbes Romulus,

    separated, divided, Ov. F. 3, 127.—
    (β).
    With ab or (less freq.) with ex, and poet. with abl.:

    a terris altum secernere caelum,

    Lucr. 5, 446:

    ab aëre caelum,

    Ov. M. 1, 23:

    Europen ab Afro (medius liquor),

    Hor. C. 3, 3, 47:

    muro denique secernantur a nobis,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32:

    inermes ab armatis,

    Liv. 41, 3:

    militem a populo (in spectaculis),

    Suet. Aug. 44:

    se a bonis,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32; cf.:

    se ab Etruscis,

    Liv. 6, 10.—In the part. perf.:

    antequam incipiat admissura fieri, mares a feminis secretos habeant,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 18 (cf. supra, a); so,

    saepta ab aliis,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 8:

    manus a nobis,

    Lucr. 2, 912; 3, 552:

    sphaera ab aethereā conjunctione,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

    sucus a reliquo cibo,

    id. ib. 2, 55, 137:

    bilis ab eo cibo,

    id. ib. al.:

    secreti ab aliis ad tribunos adducuntur,

    Liv. 6, 25; 25, 30:

    secretis alterius ab altero criminibus,

    id. 40, 8 fin.; 39, 10:

    se e grege imperatorum,

    id. 35, 14 fin.:

    unum e praetextatis compluribus,

    Suet. Aug. 94 med.:

    monile ex omni gazā,

    id. Galb. 18:

    me gelidum nemus Nympharumque leves chori Secernunt populo,

    separate, distinguish, Hor. C. 1, 1, 32.—
    II.
    Trop., to separate, disjoin, part, dissociate (syn.: internosco, distinguo).
    (α).
    With simple acc.:

    hosce ego homines excipio et secerno libenter,

    set apart, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15.—
    (β).
    With ab, or poet. with abl.: ut venustas et pulchritudo corporis secerni non potest a valetudine;

    sic, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95:

    animum a corpore,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    tertium genus (laudationum) a praeceptis nostris,

    id. de Or. 2, 84, 341; cf.:

    ipsam pronuntiationem ab oratore,

    Quint. 1, 11, 17: dicendi facultatem a majore vitae laude, id. 2, 15, 2:

    sua a publicis consiliis,

    Liv. 4, 57:

    haec a probris ac sceleribus ejus,

    Suet. Ner. 19 et saep.:

    cur me a ceteris clarissimis viris in hoc officio secernas,

    Cic. Sull. 1, 3:

    publica privatis, sacra profanis,

    Hor. A. P. 397.—
    B.
    To distinguish, discern:

    blandum amicum a vero,

    Cic. Lael. 25, 95:

    non satis acute, quae sunt secernenda, distinguit,

    id. Top. 7, 31:

    nec natura potest justo secernere iniquum, Dividit ut bona diversis, fugienda petendis,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 113:

    turpi honestum,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 63.—
    C.
    To set aside, reject:

    cum reus frugalissimum quemque secerneret,

    Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3:

    minus idoneos senatores,

    Suet. Vit. 2.—Hence, sēcrē-tus, a, um, P. a., severed, separated; hence, separate, apart (as an adj. not freq. till after the Aug. period; not in Cic.; syn.: sejunctus, seclusus).
    A.
    In gen.:

    ne ducem suum, neve secretum imperium propriave signa haberent, miscuit manipulos, etc.,

    Liv. 1, 52:

    electa (uva defertur) in secretam corbulam,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2:

    arva,

    Verg. A. 6, 478; Varr. L. L. 9, § 57 Müll.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of places or things pertaining to them, out of the way, retired, remote, lonely, solitary, secret (syn.:

    solus, remotus, arcanus): secreta petit loca, balnea vitat,

    Hor. A. P. 298:

    locus (opp. celeber),

    Quint. 11, 1, 47:

    montes,

    Ov. M. 11, 765:

    silva,

    id. ib. 7, 75:

    litora,

    id. ib. 12, 196:

    pars domus (the gynaeceum),

    id. ib. 2, 737; cf. in sup.:

    secretissimus locus (navis),

    Petr. 100, 6: vastum ubique silentium, secreti colles, solitary, i. e. abandoned, deserted by the enemy, = deserti, Tac. Agr. 38:

    iter (with semita),

    solitary, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 103; cf.

    quies,

    Mart. 7, 32, 4.—Of persons and transactions, private, secret:

    invadit secretissimos tumultus,

    Sen. Ep. 91, 5:

    vacuis porticibus secretus agitat,

    Tac. A. 11, 21:

    est aliquis ex secretis studiis fructus,

    private studies, Quint. 2, 18, 4; so,

    studia (opp. forum),

    id. 12, 6, 4:

    disputationes,

    id. 12, 2, 7:

    contentio,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 4 et saep. —Hence,
    b.
    Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., retirement, solitude, secrecy; a solitude, solitary place, retreat (syn.: solitudo, secessus); sing.:

    cum stilus secreto gaudeat atque omnes arbitros reformidet,

    Quint. 10, 7, 16:

    secreti longi causā,

    Ov. H. 21, 21:

    altum abditumque secretum, Phn. Ep. 2, 17, 22: dulce,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 30; 12, 5, 2; Tac. A. 4, 57; 14, 53; id. Agr. 39 fin.; Phaedr. 3, 10, 11; 4, 23, 6; Luc. 3, 314.— Plur.:

    se a vulgo et scaenā in secreta removere,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 71:

    horrendaeque procul secreta Sibyllae,

    Verg. A. 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 594; Tac. H. 3, 63; Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    dulcis secretorum comes (eloquentia),

    id. 1, 4, 5:

    cameli solitudines aut secreta certe petunt,

    Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 173.— Comp.:

    haec pars Suevorum in secretiora Germaniae porrigitur,

    into the more remote parts, Tac. G. 41. —
    (β).
    Absol.: in secreto, in a secret place, secretly:

    tempus in secreto lbi tereret,

    Liv. 26, 19, 5:

    reus in secreto agebatur,

    Curt. 10, 4, 29.—
    2.
    That is removed from acquaintance (cf. abditus), hidden, concealed, secret:

    secreta ducis pectora,

    Mart. 5, 5, 4:

    secretas advocat artes,

    Ov. M. 7, 138:

    ars,

    Petr. 3:

    litterae (with familiares),

    Quint. 1, 1, 29:

    carmina (the Sibylline odes),

    Luc. 1, 599:

    libidines,

    Tac. A. 1, 4 fin.:

    quaedam imperii pignora,

    Flor. 1, 2, 3.—With ab:

    nec quicquam secretum alter ab altero haberent,

    Liv. 39, 10, 1.— Comp.:

    libertus ex secretioribus ministeriis,

    Tac. Agr. 40:

    praemia (opp. publica largitio),

    id. H. 1, 24:

    aliud (nomen),

    Quint. 1, 4, 25:

    vitium stomachi,

    Mart. 3, 77, 9.— Poet. for the adv. secreto:

    tu (Anna) secreta pyram tecto interiore Erige,

    in secret, secretly, Verg. A. 4, 494; cf.:

    stridere secreta divisos aure susurros,

    secretly in each one's ear, Hor. S. 2, 8, 78.—Hence,
    b.
    Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., something secret, secret conversation; a mystery, secret:

    secretum petenti non nisi adhibito filio dedit,

    Suet. Tib. 25 fin.; id. Calig. 23:

    illuc me persecutus secretum petit,

    a secret interview, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11:

    petito secreto futura aperit,

    Tac. H. 2, 4.— Piur.:

    crebra cum amicis secreta habere,

    Tac. A. 13, 18:

    animi secreta proferuntur,

    Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141:

    nulla lex jubet amicorum secreta non eloqui,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 21, 1:

    omnium secreta rimari,

    Tac. A. 6, 3:

    horribile secretum,

    Petr. 21, 3; Tac. H. 1, 17 fin.; id. Agr. 25; Suet. Aug. 66:

    uxor omnis secreti capacissima,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 7; Quint. 12, 9, 5 al.—Concr.:

    lucos ac nemora consecrant deorumque nominibus appellant secretum illud, quod solā reverentiā vident,

    that mysterious being, Tac. G. 9 fin.—Plur.:

    introitus, aperta, secreta velut in annales referebat,

    Tac. A. 4, 67; cf.:

    gens non astuta aperit adhuc secreta pectoris licentia joci,

    id. G. 22:

    oratio animi secreta detegit,

    Quint. 11, 1, 30; Tac. A. 1, 6; 4, 7 fin.; 6, 3; id. G. 19; Plin. Pan. 68, 6; Suet. Tib. 52; id. Oth. 3 et saep.—Concr.:

    (Minerva) hanc legem dederat, sua ne secreta viderent,

    i. e. the mysteries, Ov. M. 2, 556; 2, 749; cf.:

    secretiora quaedam,

    magic arts, Amm. 14, 6, 14:

    in secretis ejus reperti sunt duo libelli,

    among his private papers, Suet. Calig. 49.—
    3.
    Pregn., separate from what is common, i. e. uncommon, rare, recondite (perh. only in the two foll. passages of Quint.):

    (figurae) secretae et extra vulgarem usum positae, etc.,

    Quint. 9, 3, 5: interpretatio linguae secretioris, quas Graeci glôssas vocant, i. e. of the more uncommon words, id. 1, 1, 35 (for which:

    glossemata id est voces minus usitatas,

    id. 1, 8, 15).—
    4.
    In Lucr., of any thing separated from what belongs to it, i. e. wanting, deprived of, without something; with abl. or gen.:

    nec porro secreta cibo natura animantum Propagare genus possit (corresp. to sine imbribus),

    Lucr. 1, 194:

    (corpora) secreta teporis Sunt ac frigoris omnino calidique vaporis (corresp. to spoliata colore),

    id. 2, 843. —Hence, adv., in three forms: secreto (class.), secrete (post-class.), and secretim (late Lat. and very rare).
    * 1.
    (Acc. to A.) Apart, by itself, separately:

    de quibus (hortis) suo loco dicam secretius,

    Col. 11, 2, 25. —
    2.
    (Acc. to B. 2.) In secret, secretly; without witnesses; in private.
    (α).
    sēcrē-tō:

    mirum, quid solus secum secreto ille agat,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 73:

    secreto illum adjutabo,

    id. Truc. 2, 7, 7:

    secreto hoc audi,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:

    nescio quid secreto velle loqui te Aiebas mecum,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 67:

    secreto te huc seduxi,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 14:

    facere,

    id. Bacch. 5, 2, 30; 5, 2, 35; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 100; id. Att. 7, 8, 4; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4:

    secreto ab aliis,

    Liv. 3, 36:

    secreto agere cum aliquo,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 1; Quint. 5, 13, 16; 9, 2, 79; Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 8; Curt. 7, 2, 13.—
    (β).
    sēcrētē, Tert. Or. 1 med.; id. Pall. 4 fin. —
    b.
    Comp.:

    secretius emittitur inflatio,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 4, 1. —
    (γ).
    sēcrētim, Amm. 29, 1, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > secretum

  • 13 solutum

    solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:

    soluisse,

    Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
    I.
    To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    Outwardly, to release.
    a.
    From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:

    solvite istas,

    i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:

    solvite istum,

    id. Mil. 5, 32:

    numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:

    jube solvi (eum),

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:

    ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:

    ut vincti solvantur,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §

    12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    ita nexi soluti (sunt),

    Liv. 8, 28, 9:

    solvite me, pueri,

    Verg. E. 6, 24:

    fore ut brevi solveretur,

    Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:

    canis solutus catena,

    Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:

    solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),

    Stat. Th. 5, 15:

    terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
    b.
    From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

    solverat sol equos,

    unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:

    et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:

    et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,

    id. H. 11, 4:

    praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,

    Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:

    soluta toga,

    Quint. 11, 3, 147:

    vela solvere,

    Verg. A. 4, 574.—
    c.
    From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:

    Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,

    Prop. 2, 1, 69:

    fraxinus solvitur,

    from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:

    ceciditque soluta pinus,

    id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:

    pinus radice soluta, deficit,

    id. S. 5, 1, 152:

    solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:

    accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,

    detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;

    but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,

    Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:

    querno solvunt de stipite funem,

    id. F. 4, 333:

    fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,

    id. Am. 2, 11, 23:

    curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),

    Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:

    imber caelesti nube solutus,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:

    cum solis radii absumant,

    Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:

    solutum a latere pugionem,

    detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
    d.
    Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
    (α).
    With acc. alone:

    eisce confectis navem solvimus,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:

    navim cupimus solvere,

    id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:

    naves solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;

    3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,

    Liv. 45, 6:

    postero die solvere naves (jussi),

    id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

    classem solvere,

    Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
    (β).
    With ab and abl.:

    navis a terra solverunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 101:

    quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,

    Liv. 31, 7 med.:

    solvunt a litore puppes,

    Luc. 2, 649.—
    (γ).
    With ex and abl.:

    nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:

    interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
    (δ).
    With abl.:

    complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,

    Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

    portu solventibus,

    id. Mur. 2, 4.—
    (ε).
    Absol. (sc. navem or naves):

    tertia fere vigilia solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

    nos eo die cenati solvimus,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:

    altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,

    Liv. 31, 14 init.:

    qui inde solverant,

    Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:

    solvi mare languido,

    Sen. Ep. 53, 1:

    fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,

    id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:

    non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,

    making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
    (ζ).
    With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):

    naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
    (η).
    Poet. usages:

    de litore puppis solvit iter,

    clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:

    nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,

    Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
    e.
    Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,

    Lucr. 6, 706:

    cruor solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 530:

    lacrimas solvere,

    id. Achill. 2, 256:

    solutis lacrimis,

    Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,

    partus solvere,

    to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
    2.
    To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
    a.
    In gen.:

    omne colligatum solvi potest,

    Cic. Fin. 11.—
    b.
    Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    solvere naves et rursus conjungere,

    Curt. 8, 10, 3:

    solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:

    dubitavit an solveret pontem,

    Curt. 4, 16, 8:

    solvere pontem,

    Tac. A. 1, 69:

    si pons solutus sit,

    Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:

    solutus pons tempestatibus,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    currum (solis) solutum,

    Manil. 1, 740.—
    c.
    Of woven stuff:

    solvens texta,

    Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
    d.
    Of mountains:

    utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:

    tridente Neptunus montem solvit,

    id. Agam. 553.—
    e.
    Of the neck:

    soluta cervix silicis impulsu,

    broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
    f.
    Of a comet:

    momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
    g.
    Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:

    solve capillos,

    Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:

    crinem,

    id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:

    comas casside,

    Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
    h.
    Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;

    post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:

    ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,

    Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
    3.
    To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
    (α).
    Of a change into air or gas:

    calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,

    dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:

    nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,

    id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:

    ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 285;

    nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,

    Ov. M. 15, 845.—
    (β).
    Into a liquid, to melt:

    saepe terra in tabem solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:

    terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,

    id. ib. 3, 29, 4:

    nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,

    Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:

    ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,

    nivem solvere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:

    rigor auri solvitur aestu,

    Lucr. 1, 493:

    ferrum calidi solvant camini,

    Manil. 4, 250:

    cerae igne solutae,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 47:

    Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,

    Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:

    (herba) quinto die solvitur,

    id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
    (γ).
    Of putrefaction:

    (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,

    Verg. G. 4, 302.—
    (δ).
    Of change in general:

    inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,

    Ov. F. 1, 108:

    repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),

    Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
    (ε).
    Of expansion by heat:

    (uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
    (ζ).
    Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:

    gravitas aeris solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
    (η).
    Solvi in, to pass into, become:

    in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,

    Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:

    donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,

    disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:

    postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),

    Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
    4.
    To consume, to destroy, dissolve:

    solvere orbes,

    Manil. 1, 497:

    ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),

    Lucr. 3, 287:

    (Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,

    Liv. 39, 40, 11:

    si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:

    (turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,

    id. ib. 7, 9, 4:

    tabes solvit corpora,

    Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:

    nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),

    id. 3, 506:

    ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,

    Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:

    solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,

    Sen. Ep. 22, 3:

    hanc mihi solvite vitam,

    Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
    a.
    From the body, etc.:

    teque isto corpore solvo,

    Verg. A. 4, 703:

    soluta corpore anima,

    Quint. 5, 14, 13:

    qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,

    Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    vocem solvere,

    to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:

    suspiria solvit,

    Stat. Th. 11, 604:

    solvat turba jocos,

    Sen. Med. 114:

    solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:

    Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,

    unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
    b.
    Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:

    linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,

    Ov. M. 3, 261:

    lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,

    Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:

    ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,

    id. Const. 11, 3:

    (fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,

    Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:

    magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,

    Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.

    of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,

    unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
    c.
    From obligations and debts:

    solvit me debito,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:

    an nos debito solverit,

    id. Ep. 81, 3:

    ut religione civitas solvatur,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:

    te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:

    hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,

    Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:

    sacramento solvi,

    Tac. A. 16, 13:

    cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,

    Dig. 49, 16, 13:

    militia solvere,

    Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:

    ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,

    Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:

    ut manere solveretur,

    that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
    d.
    From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):

    si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,

    be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:

    atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,

    id. ib. 4, 9:

    sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,

    Ov. F. 6, 452:

    ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    Helenen ego crimine solvo,

    id. A. A. 2, 371:

    quid crimine solvis Germanum?

    Stat. Th. 11, 379:

    solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
    e.
    From feelings, etc.:

    quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

    cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:

    senatus cura belli solutus,

    Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:

    pectus linquunt cura solutum,

    Lucr. 2, 45:

    his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    soluti metu,

    Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:

    solvent formidine terras,

    Verg. E. 4, 14:

    solve metu patriam,

    Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:

    metu belli Scythas solvit,

    Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:

    haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:

    soluti a cupiditatibus,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,

    id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:

    longo luctu,

    Verg. A. 2, 26:

    tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),

    Sen. Hippol. 450:

    solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,

    id. Herc. Fur. 1063:

    Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?

    Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:

    solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),

    the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:

    rabie tigrim,

    Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:

    ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),

    Sen. Ep. 95, 38:

    calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?

    i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:

    solvite animos,

    Manil. 4, 12.—With in:

    vix haec in munera solvo animum,

    i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
    f.
    From sleep, very rare:

    ego somno solutus sum,

    awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
    g.
    From labor, business, etc.:

    volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,

    Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:

    solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,

    Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:

    Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,

    to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
    h.
    From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    frontem solvere disce,

    Mart. 14, 183:

    saltem ora trucesque solve genas,

    Stat. Th. 11, 373:

    solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:

    solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,

    be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

    vultum risu solvit,

    relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:

    risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,

    Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,

    solvere judicem,

    unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:

    solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),

    Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:

    ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:

    cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:

    solventur risu tabulae,

    i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:

    quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,

    Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
    k.
    From any cause of restraint.
    (α).
    To release from siege:

    Bassanitas obsidione solvere,

    Liv. 44, 30:

    patriam obsidione solvere,

    Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
    (β).
    From moral restraints:

    hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,

    gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
    l.
    From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
    (α).
    To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:

    Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:

    cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 13, 31:

    ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,

    id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

    Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),

    id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

    solvatne legibus Scipionem,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

    petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,

    Liv. 31, 50, 8:

    Scipio legibus solutus est,

    id. Epit. 56:

    Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,

    Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:

    ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,

    Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:

    (aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:

    solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,

    id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:

    nec leti lege solutas,

    Lucr. 3, 687:

    nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),

    Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:

    et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
    (β).
    Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:

    reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,

    i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:

    soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,

    id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:

    solutus Legibus insanis,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:

    quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,

    Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
    2.
    To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
    (α).
    Of troops, ranks, etc.:

    ubi ordines procursando solvissent,

    Liv. 42, 65, 8:

    incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,

    Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:

    agmina Diductis solvere choris,

    Verg. A. 5, 581:

    solvit maniplos,

    Juv. 8, 154:

    solvuntur laudata cohors,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:

    commissas acies ego possum solvere,

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
    (β).
    Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:

    convivio soluto,

    Liv. 40, 14 fin.:

    convivium solvit,

    Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:

    Quid cessas convivia solvere?

    Ov. F. 6, 675:

    coetuque soluto Discedunt,

    id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
    (γ).
    Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:

    (discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,

    Quint. 1, 9, 2:

    quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,

    id. 9, 4, 14:

    ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,

    id. 1, 8, 13:

    non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
    3.
    Implying a change for the worse.
    a.
    To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):

    Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,

    Sen. Ep. 51, 5:

    usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:

    infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,

    Quint. 1, 2, 6:

    solutus luxu,

    id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:

    soluti in luxum,

    Tac. H. 2, 99:

    in lasciviam,

    id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:

    si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,

    Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
    b.
    To make torpid by removing sensation.
    (α).
    To relax, benumb the limbs or body;

    as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,

    Lucr. 6, 798:

    ima Solvuntur latera,

    Verg. G. 3, 523:

    solvi debilitate corporis,

    paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:

    ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,

    Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:

    illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,

    Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:

    segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,

    wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:

    mentes solvere,

    to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
    (β).
    By frost ( poet.):

    solvuntur illi frigore membra,

    Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
    (γ).
    By sleep ( poet. for sopio):

    homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,

    Ov. M. 7, 186:

    corpora somnus Solverat,

    id. ib. 10, 369:

    molli languore solutus,

    id. ib. 11, 648;

    11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,

    id. ib. 8, 817:

    somno vinoque solutos,

    id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:

    ut membra solvit sopor,

    id. ib. 12, 867:

    non solvit pectora somnus,

    Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:

    solvitur in somnos,

    Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:

    aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,

    lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
    (δ).
    By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:

    corporibus quae senectus solvit,

    Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):

    (corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:

    alius inter cenandum solutus est,

    id. Ep. 66, 43:

    ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,

    id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:

    me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,

    Sen. Troad. 605:

    solvi inedia,

    Petr. 111:

    sic morte quasi somno soluta est,

    Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
    4.
    Of logical dissolution, to refute:

    non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,

    how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:

    argumentum solvere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,

    Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
    b.
    To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:

    deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
    II.
    To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;

    post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,

    Quint. 2, 12, 1:

    qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,

    Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:

    supera compage soluta,

    Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
    2.
    To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:

    nullo solvente catenas,

    Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:

    solvere frenum,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:

    loris solutis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:

    qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,

    Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:

    gelu solvitur,

    it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:

    solvitur acris hiems,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:

    facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:

    Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,

    looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:

    indigno non solvit bracchia collo,

    Stat. Th. 5, 217:

    digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,

    id. ib. 8, 585.—
    3.
    To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:

    solve vidulum ergo,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:

    eam solve cistulam,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 151:

    solve zonam,

    untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:

    solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 62:

    animai nodos a corpore solvit,

    Lucr. 2, 950:

    nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,

    Curt. 3, 1, 18:

    quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?

    Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:

    solvere nodum,

    Stat. Th. 11, 646:

    laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,

    Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:

    vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,

    Ov. M. 9, 58:

    fasciam solve,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 10:

    solutis fasciis,

    Curt. 7, 6, 5:

    solvi fasciculum,

    Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:

    crinales vittas,

    Verg. A. 7, 403:

    Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,

    Curt. 7, 2, 25:

    equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 9:

    redimicula solvite collo,

    Ov. F. 4, 135:

    corollas de fronte,

    Prop. 1, 3, 21:

    solvere portas,

    Stat. Th. 3, 492:

    munimina valli,

    id. ib. 12, 10:

    ille pharetram Solvit,

    Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:

    solutis ac patefactis venis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:

    venam cultello solvere,

    Col. 6, 14; cf.

    also: lychnis alvum solvit,

    looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:

    ventrem,

    Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:

    stomachus solutus = venter solutus,

    loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
    B.
    Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
    1.
    Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
    a.
    Of the mouth, etc., to open:

    talibus ora solvit verbis,

    Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:

    ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,

    Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:

    vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,

    os promptius ac solutius,

    Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:

    hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
    b.
    To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:

    si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 160:

    cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,

    id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:

    morte solvetur compromissum,

    Dig. 4, 8, 27:

    soluto matrimonio,

    ib. 24, 3, 2:

    solutum conjugium,

    Juv. 9, 79:

    qui... conjugalia solvit,

    Sen. Med. 144:

    nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,

    Ov. M. 11, 743:

    (sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,

    cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
    c.
    To efface guilt or wrong:

    magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,

    Ov. F. 5, 304:

    solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,

    id. ib. 2, 44:

    culpa soluta mea est,

    id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:

    neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
    d.
    Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;

    less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,

    Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

    capite poenas solvit,

    Sall. J. 69, 4:

    meritas poenas solventem,

    Curt. 6, 3, 14:

    poenarum solvendi tempus,

    Lucr. 5, 1224:

    nunc solvo poenas,

    Sen. Phoen. 172:

    hac manu poenas tibi solvam,

    id. Hippol. 1177.—
    e.
    To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:

    atque animi curas e pectore solvat,

    Lucr. 4, 908:

    curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 38:

    patrimonii cura solvatur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §

    2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,

    Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:

    solvite corde metum,

    Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:

    solve metus animo,

    Stat. Th. 2, 356:

    solvi pericula et metus narrant,

    Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:

    hoc uno solvitur ira modo,

    id. A. A. 2, 460:

    solvitque pudorem,

    Verg. A. 4, 55.—
    f.
    Of sleep:

    quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,

    Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:

    nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,

    Luc. 6, 768; cf.:

    lassitudinem solvere,

    Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
    g.
    Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
    (α).
    To raise a siege:

    solutam cernebat obsidionem,

    Liv. 36, 10, 14:

    soluta obsidione,

    id. 36, 31, 7:

    ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,

    id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
    (β).
    Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:

    cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,

    Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
    (γ).
    To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:

    quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,

    Sall. J. 39, 5:

    imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,

    Sen. Oedip. 525:

    sonipedes imperia solvunt,

    id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:

    sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
    h.
    Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:

    solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),

    Curt. 10, 2, 5:

    solutae a se legis monitus,

    Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:

    cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,

    Liv. 8, 4, 7:

    (Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,

    id. 1, 49, 7:

    oportebat istum morem solvi,

    Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
    2.
    Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
    a.
    To subvert discipline:

    disciplinam militarem solvisti,

    Liv. 8, 7, 16:

    luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,

    id. 40, 1, 4:

    quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,

    Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
    b.
    Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:

    nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,

    Sall. J. 41, 6:

    patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    vires solvere,

    Quint. 9, 4, 7:

    vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
    c.
    Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:

    segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,

    Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;

    similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,

    Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:

    hoc firmos solvit amores,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 385:

    amores cantibus et herbis solvere,

    Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
    d.
    Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:

    vitex dicitur febres solvere,

    Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:

    solvit jejunia granis,

    Ov. F. 4, 607:

    quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,

    id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,

    famem,

    Sen. Thyest. 64.—
    e.
    To delay:

    hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,

    Sen. Troad. 1131.—
    f.
    Of darkness, to dispel:

    lux solverat umbras,

    Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
    g.
    Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:

    aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,

    Sen. Phoen. 406:

    electus formae certamina solvere pastor,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 337:

    jurgia solvere,

    Manil. 3, 115:

    contradictiones solvere,

    Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
    h.
    Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:

    quia quaestionem solvere non posset,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:

    aenigmata,

    Quint. 8, 6, 53:

    omnes solvere posse quaestiones,

    Suet. Gram. 11:

    haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:

    unum tantum hoc solvendum est,

    that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:

    puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,

    id. Ep. 48, 6:

    carmina non intellecta Solverat,

    Ov. M. 7, 760:

    triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,

    Sen. Oedip. 102:

    nodos juris,

    Juv. 8, 50:

    proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,

    Quint. 5, 10, 96:

    plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,

    id. 1, 10, 49:

    quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,

    id. 3, 7, 3:

    ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,

    id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
    3.
    In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
    a.
    To pay.
    (α).
    Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:

    quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:

    inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),

    Liv. 6, 14, 5:

    quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,

    id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:

    pro vectura rem solvit?

    paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:

    ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,

    id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:

    tibi res soluta est recte,

    id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:

    ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 20:

    rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 45:

    dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:

    res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,

    id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);

    semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,

    they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:

    si tergo res solvonda'st,

    by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

    habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,

    id. Curc. 3, 9:

    tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
    (β).
    Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:

    cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,

    Cic. Fl. 18, 43:

    ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,

    id. ib. 20, 46:

    misimus qui pro vectura solveret,

    id. Att. 1, 3, 2:

    qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:

    ut creditori solvat,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:

    si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,

    it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:

    numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,

    to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

    fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 84:

    cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,

    Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:

    non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
    (γ).
    With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:

    postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

    hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,

    settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:

    solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,

    id. Fl. 23, 54:

    ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 1:

    solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:

    aes alienum solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 36, 5:

    quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?

    id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,

    debitum solvere,

    id. ib. 6, 30, 2:

    ne pecunias creditas solverent,

    Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

    ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:

    ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5:

    ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:

    cum patriae quod debes solveris,

    Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:

    debet vero, solvitque praeclare,

    id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:

    aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:

    qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —
    (δ).
    By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:

    emi: pecuniam solvi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:

    pro frumento nihil solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §

    169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,

    Liv. 44, 16:

    hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,

    Nep. Milt. 7, 6:

    nisi pecuniam solvisset,

    id. Cim. 1, 1:

    condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,

    Liv. 30, 37 med.:

    pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,

    id. 36, 3, 1:

    pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,

    id. 32, 26, 14:

    pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,

    id. 40, 39 fin.:

    meritam mercedem,

    id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:

    quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

    stipendium,

    Liv. 28, 32, 1:

    dotem mulieri,

    Dig. 24, 3, 2:

    litem aestimatam,

    the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:

    arbitria funeris,

    the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:

    solvere dodrantem,

    to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:

    dona puer solvit,

    paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,

    munera,

    id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:

    et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:

    si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,

    Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:

    si (actor) solutus fuisset,

    Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
    (ε).
    Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:

    aliquid praesens solvere,

    to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,

    aliquid de praesentibus solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 97, 16:

    solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,

    Vell. 2, 25:

    quas solvere grates sufficiam?

    Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;

    nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,

    Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:

    unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

    id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):

    Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,

    Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:

    homines dicere, se a me solvere,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 11:

    (summa) erat solvenda de meo,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:

    operas solvere alicui,

    to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:

    stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 90:

    iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,

    Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;

    2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,

    a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.

    in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,

    Liv. 31, 13:

    nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,

    Dig. 50, 17, 105:

    qui modo solvendo sint,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:

    si solvendo sint,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:

    nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:

    solvendo non erat,

    Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:

    cum solvendo civitates non essent,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,

    id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

    ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 79;

    and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,

    Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:

    *non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),

    Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —
    b.
    To fulfil the duty of burial.
    (α).
    Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:

    qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,

    who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

    justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,

    Curt. 3, 12, 15:

    proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,

    id. 10, 6, 7:

    ut justa soluta Remo,

    Ov. F. 5, 452:

    nunc justa nato solve,

    Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
    (β).
    Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:

    exsequiis rite solutis,

    Verg. A. 7, 5:

    cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,

    Sen. Hippol. 1198:

    solvere suprema militibus,

    Tac. A. 1, 61.—
    c.
    Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
    (α).
    Alone:

    vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:

    quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,

    Liv. 31, 9 fin.:

    liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,

    id. 40, 44, 8:

    placatis diis votis rite solvendis,

    id. 36, 37 fin.:

    petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,

    id. 45, 44:

    animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,

    Sen. Ep. 73, 5:

    vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,

    Tac. A. 2, 69:

    vota pater solvit,

    Ov. M. 9, 707:

    ne votum solvat,

    Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:

    voti debita solvere,

    Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.

    the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),

    Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:

    V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),

    ib. 2022 et saep.:

    sacra solvere (=votum solvere),

    Manil. 1, 427.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:

    vota Jovi solvo,

    Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:

    sunt vota soluta deae,

    id. F. 6, 248:

    dis vota solvis,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:

    libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),

    Just. 18, 5, 4.—
    d.
    Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:

    fidem obligatam liberare,

    Suet. Claud. 9):

    illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,

    Flor. 1, 1, 12;

    similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),

    Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
    e.
    Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):

    perinde quasi promissum solvens,

    Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:

    solvitur quod cuique promissum est,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;

    similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,

    what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:

    tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:

    reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,

    id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:

    cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:

    nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,

    unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

    duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,

    Liv. 27, 51:

    eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,

    id. 24, 45, 10:

    non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;

    postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 21;

    ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,

    Col. 2, 9:

    soluta et facilis terra,

    id. 3, 14;

    solum solutum vel spissum,

    id. 2, 2 init.;

    seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,

    Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:

    hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,

    id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:

    solutiores ripae,

    Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:

    mas spissior, femina solutior,

    Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:

    dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
    3.
    (Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:

    turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:

    aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

    debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:

    (orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,

    Cic. Or. 47, 173:

    verbis solutus satis,

    id. ib. 47, 174:

    solutissimus in dicendo,

    id. ib. 48, 180.—
    2.
    Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:

    quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?

    Cic. Planc. 30, 72:

    soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,

    unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

    si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;

    non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,

    id. ib. 4, 21, 3;

    solutus omni fenore,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 4;

    nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,

    Liv. 8, 32, 5:

    Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
    3.
    Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:

    quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,

    Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:

    apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,

    i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:

    maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
    4.
    Free from cares, undistracted:

    animo soluto liberoque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

    sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
    5.
    At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:

    te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:

    quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:

    Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
    6.
    Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:

    quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,

    Cic. Dom. 39, 104:

    an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?

    Sen. Ep. 23, 4:

    vultus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 355:

    (mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,

    unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
    7.
    Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:

    cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,

    Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:

    ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,

    Liv. 29, 1 fin.:

    Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:

    incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,

    Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:

    rectore solutos (solis) equos,

    Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
    8.
    Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:

    nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;

    cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,

    id. Div. 1, 2, 4:

    judicio senatus soluto et libero,

    id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:

    sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

    liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,

    uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
    9.
    Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    licentia,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 4:

    populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,

    id. ib. 1, 34, 53:

    quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,

    id. Mil. 13, 34:

    quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,

    Liv. 27, 31 fin.:

    adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,

    id. 2, 1, 2:

    solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,

    a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,

    Suet. Aug. 44:

    mores soluti,

    licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
    10.
    Regardless of rules, careless, loose:

    orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,

    Cic. Brut. 62, 225:

    dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,

    Tac. A. 16, 18.—
    11.
    Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
    (α).
    Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:

    est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
    (β).
    More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);

    in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,

    Cic. Or. 52, 174:

    mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,

    id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;

    68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,

    Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;

    de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,

    id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:

    ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,

    id. ib. 7, 1:

    primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,

    Cic. Brut. 8, 32:

    Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,

    id. Or. 57, 192:

    et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,

    id. ib. 64, 215:

    a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,

    id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
    (γ).
    Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:

    ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:

    nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,

    id. Brut. 79, 274:

    orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

    id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
    (δ).
    Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:

    soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,

    Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:

    solutiora componere,

    id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
    12.
    Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):

    sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
    13.
    Undisciplined, disorderly:

    omnia soluta apud hostes esse,

    Liv. 8, 30, 3:

    nihil temeritate solutum,

    Tac. A. 13, 40:

    apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,

    Just. 34, 2, 2.—
    14.
    Lax, remiss, weak:

    mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,

    Tac. Or. 18:

    soluti ac fluentes,

    Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:

    solutum genus orationis,

    a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:

    quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,

    laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
    C.
    (Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:

    aliquid in solutum dare,

    to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:

    qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:

    qui rem in solutum accipit,

    Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;

    in solutum imputare,

    to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:

    pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,

    Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:

    pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,

    Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
    1.
    Thinly:

    corpora diffusa solute,

    Lucr. 4, 53.—
    2.
    Of speech, fluently:

    non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 29, 110:

    ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,

    id. ib. 81, 280:

    quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,

    Tac. A. 4, 31.—
    3.
    Irregularly, loosely:

    a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
    4.
    Freely, without restraint:

    generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,

    i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
    5.
    Of style, without connection, loosely:

    enuntiare,

    Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
    6.
    Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:

    praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),

    Liv. 39, 1, 4:

    in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,

    id. 23, 37, 6.—
    7.
    Weakly, tamely, without vigor:

    quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
    8.
    Of morals, loosely, without restraint:

    ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,

    Tac. A. 13, 47.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solutum

  • 14 solvo

    solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:

    soluisse,

    Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
    I.
    To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    Outwardly, to release.
    a.
    From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:

    solvite istas,

    i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:

    solvite istum,

    id. Mil. 5, 32:

    numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:

    jube solvi (eum),

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:

    ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:

    ut vincti solvantur,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §

    12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    ita nexi soluti (sunt),

    Liv. 8, 28, 9:

    solvite me, pueri,

    Verg. E. 6, 24:

    fore ut brevi solveretur,

    Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:

    canis solutus catena,

    Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:

    solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),

    Stat. Th. 5, 15:

    terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
    b.
    From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

    solverat sol equos,

    unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:

    et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:

    et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,

    id. H. 11, 4:

    praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,

    Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:

    soluta toga,

    Quint. 11, 3, 147:

    vela solvere,

    Verg. A. 4, 574.—
    c.
    From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:

    Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,

    Prop. 2, 1, 69:

    fraxinus solvitur,

    from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:

    ceciditque soluta pinus,

    id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:

    pinus radice soluta, deficit,

    id. S. 5, 1, 152:

    solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:

    accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,

    detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;

    but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,

    Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:

    querno solvunt de stipite funem,

    id. F. 4, 333:

    fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,

    id. Am. 2, 11, 23:

    curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),

    Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:

    imber caelesti nube solutus,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:

    cum solis radii absumant,

    Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:

    solutum a latere pugionem,

    detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
    d.
    Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
    (α).
    With acc. alone:

    eisce confectis navem solvimus,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:

    navim cupimus solvere,

    id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:

    naves solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;

    3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,

    Liv. 45, 6:

    postero die solvere naves (jussi),

    id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

    classem solvere,

    Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
    (β).
    With ab and abl.:

    navis a terra solverunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 101:

    quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,

    Liv. 31, 7 med.:

    solvunt a litore puppes,

    Luc. 2, 649.—
    (γ).
    With ex and abl.:

    nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:

    interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
    (δ).
    With abl.:

    complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,

    Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

    portu solventibus,

    id. Mur. 2, 4.—
    (ε).
    Absol. (sc. navem or naves):

    tertia fere vigilia solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

    nos eo die cenati solvimus,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:

    altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,

    Liv. 31, 14 init.:

    qui inde solverant,

    Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:

    solvi mare languido,

    Sen. Ep. 53, 1:

    fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,

    id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:

    non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,

    making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
    (ζ).
    With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):

    naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
    (η).
    Poet. usages:

    de litore puppis solvit iter,

    clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:

    nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,

    Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
    e.
    Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,

    Lucr. 6, 706:

    cruor solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 530:

    lacrimas solvere,

    id. Achill. 2, 256:

    solutis lacrimis,

    Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,

    partus solvere,

    to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
    2.
    To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
    a.
    In gen.:

    omne colligatum solvi potest,

    Cic. Fin. 11.—
    b.
    Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    solvere naves et rursus conjungere,

    Curt. 8, 10, 3:

    solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:

    dubitavit an solveret pontem,

    Curt. 4, 16, 8:

    solvere pontem,

    Tac. A. 1, 69:

    si pons solutus sit,

    Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:

    solutus pons tempestatibus,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    currum (solis) solutum,

    Manil. 1, 740.—
    c.
    Of woven stuff:

    solvens texta,

    Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
    d.
    Of mountains:

    utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:

    tridente Neptunus montem solvit,

    id. Agam. 553.—
    e.
    Of the neck:

    soluta cervix silicis impulsu,

    broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
    f.
    Of a comet:

    momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
    g.
    Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:

    solve capillos,

    Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:

    crinem,

    id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:

    comas casside,

    Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
    h.
    Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;

    post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:

    ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,

    Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
    3.
    To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
    (α).
    Of a change into air or gas:

    calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,

    dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:

    nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,

    id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:

    ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 285;

    nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,

    Ov. M. 15, 845.—
    (β).
    Into a liquid, to melt:

    saepe terra in tabem solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:

    terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,

    id. ib. 3, 29, 4:

    nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,

    Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:

    ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,

    nivem solvere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:

    rigor auri solvitur aestu,

    Lucr. 1, 493:

    ferrum calidi solvant camini,

    Manil. 4, 250:

    cerae igne solutae,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 47:

    Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,

    Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:

    (herba) quinto die solvitur,

    id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
    (γ).
    Of putrefaction:

    (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,

    Verg. G. 4, 302.—
    (δ).
    Of change in general:

    inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,

    Ov. F. 1, 108:

    repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),

    Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
    (ε).
    Of expansion by heat:

    (uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
    (ζ).
    Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:

    gravitas aeris solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
    (η).
    Solvi in, to pass into, become:

    in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,

    Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:

    donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,

    disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:

    postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),

    Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
    4.
    To consume, to destroy, dissolve:

    solvere orbes,

    Manil. 1, 497:

    ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),

    Lucr. 3, 287:

    (Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,

    Liv. 39, 40, 11:

    si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:

    (turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,

    id. ib. 7, 9, 4:

    tabes solvit corpora,

    Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:

    nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),

    id. 3, 506:

    ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,

    Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:

    solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,

    Sen. Ep. 22, 3:

    hanc mihi solvite vitam,

    Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
    a.
    From the body, etc.:

    teque isto corpore solvo,

    Verg. A. 4, 703:

    soluta corpore anima,

    Quint. 5, 14, 13:

    qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,

    Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    vocem solvere,

    to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:

    suspiria solvit,

    Stat. Th. 11, 604:

    solvat turba jocos,

    Sen. Med. 114:

    solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:

    Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,

    unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
    b.
    Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:

    linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,

    Ov. M. 3, 261:

    lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,

    Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:

    ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,

    id. Const. 11, 3:

    (fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,

    Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:

    magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,

    Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.

    of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,

    unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
    c.
    From obligations and debts:

    solvit me debito,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:

    an nos debito solverit,

    id. Ep. 81, 3:

    ut religione civitas solvatur,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:

    te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:

    hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,

    Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:

    sacramento solvi,

    Tac. A. 16, 13:

    cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,

    Dig. 49, 16, 13:

    militia solvere,

    Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:

    ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,

    Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:

    ut manere solveretur,

    that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
    d.
    From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):

    si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,

    be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:

    atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,

    id. ib. 4, 9:

    sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,

    Ov. F. 6, 452:

    ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    Helenen ego crimine solvo,

    id. A. A. 2, 371:

    quid crimine solvis Germanum?

    Stat. Th. 11, 379:

    solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
    e.
    From feelings, etc.:

    quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

    cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:

    senatus cura belli solutus,

    Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:

    pectus linquunt cura solutum,

    Lucr. 2, 45:

    his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    soluti metu,

    Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:

    solvent formidine terras,

    Verg. E. 4, 14:

    solve metu patriam,

    Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:

    metu belli Scythas solvit,

    Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:

    haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:

    soluti a cupiditatibus,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,

    id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:

    longo luctu,

    Verg. A. 2, 26:

    tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),

    Sen. Hippol. 450:

    solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,

    id. Herc. Fur. 1063:

    Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?

    Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:

    solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),

    the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:

    rabie tigrim,

    Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:

    ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),

    Sen. Ep. 95, 38:

    calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?

    i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:

    solvite animos,

    Manil. 4, 12.—With in:

    vix haec in munera solvo animum,

    i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
    f.
    From sleep, very rare:

    ego somno solutus sum,

    awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
    g.
    From labor, business, etc.:

    volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,

    Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:

    solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,

    Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:

    Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,

    to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
    h.
    From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    frontem solvere disce,

    Mart. 14, 183:

    saltem ora trucesque solve genas,

    Stat. Th. 11, 373:

    solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:

    solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,

    be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

    vultum risu solvit,

    relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:

    risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,

    Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,

    solvere judicem,

    unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:

    solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),

    Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:

    ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:

    cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:

    solventur risu tabulae,

    i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:

    quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,

    Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
    k.
    From any cause of restraint.
    (α).
    To release from siege:

    Bassanitas obsidione solvere,

    Liv. 44, 30:

    patriam obsidione solvere,

    Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
    (β).
    From moral restraints:

    hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,

    gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
    l.
    From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
    (α).
    To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:

    Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:

    cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 13, 31:

    ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,

    id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

    Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),

    id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

    solvatne legibus Scipionem,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

    petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,

    Liv. 31, 50, 8:

    Scipio legibus solutus est,

    id. Epit. 56:

    Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,

    Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:

    ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,

    Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:

    (aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:

    solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,

    id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:

    nec leti lege solutas,

    Lucr. 3, 687:

    nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),

    Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:

    et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
    (β).
    Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:

    reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,

    i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:

    soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,

    id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:

    solutus Legibus insanis,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:

    quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,

    Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
    2.
    To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
    (α).
    Of troops, ranks, etc.:

    ubi ordines procursando solvissent,

    Liv. 42, 65, 8:

    incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,

    Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:

    agmina Diductis solvere choris,

    Verg. A. 5, 581:

    solvit maniplos,

    Juv. 8, 154:

    solvuntur laudata cohors,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:

    commissas acies ego possum solvere,

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
    (β).
    Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:

    convivio soluto,

    Liv. 40, 14 fin.:

    convivium solvit,

    Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:

    Quid cessas convivia solvere?

    Ov. F. 6, 675:

    coetuque soluto Discedunt,

    id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
    (γ).
    Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:

    (discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,

    Quint. 1, 9, 2:

    quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,

    id. 9, 4, 14:

    ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,

    id. 1, 8, 13:

    non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
    3.
    Implying a change for the worse.
    a.
    To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):

    Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,

    Sen. Ep. 51, 5:

    usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:

    infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,

    Quint. 1, 2, 6:

    solutus luxu,

    id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:

    soluti in luxum,

    Tac. H. 2, 99:

    in lasciviam,

    id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:

    si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,

    Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
    b.
    To make torpid by removing sensation.
    (α).
    To relax, benumb the limbs or body;

    as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,

    Lucr. 6, 798:

    ima Solvuntur latera,

    Verg. G. 3, 523:

    solvi debilitate corporis,

    paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:

    ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,

    Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:

    illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,

    Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:

    segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,

    wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:

    mentes solvere,

    to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
    (β).
    By frost ( poet.):

    solvuntur illi frigore membra,

    Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
    (γ).
    By sleep ( poet. for sopio):

    homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,

    Ov. M. 7, 186:

    corpora somnus Solverat,

    id. ib. 10, 369:

    molli languore solutus,

    id. ib. 11, 648;

    11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,

    id. ib. 8, 817:

    somno vinoque solutos,

    id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:

    ut membra solvit sopor,

    id. ib. 12, 867:

    non solvit pectora somnus,

    Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:

    solvitur in somnos,

    Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:

    aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,

    lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
    (δ).
    By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:

    corporibus quae senectus solvit,

    Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):

    (corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:

    alius inter cenandum solutus est,

    id. Ep. 66, 43:

    ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,

    id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:

    me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,

    Sen. Troad. 605:

    solvi inedia,

    Petr. 111:

    sic morte quasi somno soluta est,

    Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
    4.
    Of logical dissolution, to refute:

    non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,

    how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:

    argumentum solvere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,

    Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
    b.
    To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:

    deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
    II.
    To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;

    post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,

    Quint. 2, 12, 1:

    qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,

    Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:

    supera compage soluta,

    Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
    2.
    To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:

    nullo solvente catenas,

    Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:

    solvere frenum,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:

    loris solutis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:

    qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,

    Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:

    gelu solvitur,

    it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:

    solvitur acris hiems,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:

    facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:

    Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,

    looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:

    indigno non solvit bracchia collo,

    Stat. Th. 5, 217:

    digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,

    id. ib. 8, 585.—
    3.
    To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:

    solve vidulum ergo,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:

    eam solve cistulam,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 151:

    solve zonam,

    untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:

    solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 62:

    animai nodos a corpore solvit,

    Lucr. 2, 950:

    nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,

    Curt. 3, 1, 18:

    quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?

    Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:

    solvere nodum,

    Stat. Th. 11, 646:

    laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,

    Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:

    vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,

    Ov. M. 9, 58:

    fasciam solve,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 10:

    solutis fasciis,

    Curt. 7, 6, 5:

    solvi fasciculum,

    Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:

    crinales vittas,

    Verg. A. 7, 403:

    Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,

    Curt. 7, 2, 25:

    equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 9:

    redimicula solvite collo,

    Ov. F. 4, 135:

    corollas de fronte,

    Prop. 1, 3, 21:

    solvere portas,

    Stat. Th. 3, 492:

    munimina valli,

    id. ib. 12, 10:

    ille pharetram Solvit,

    Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:

    solutis ac patefactis venis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:

    venam cultello solvere,

    Col. 6, 14; cf.

    also: lychnis alvum solvit,

    looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:

    ventrem,

    Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:

    stomachus solutus = venter solutus,

    loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
    B.
    Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
    1.
    Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
    a.
    Of the mouth, etc., to open:

    talibus ora solvit verbis,

    Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:

    ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,

    Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:

    vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,

    os promptius ac solutius,

    Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:

    hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
    b.
    To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:

    si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 160:

    cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,

    id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:

    morte solvetur compromissum,

    Dig. 4, 8, 27:

    soluto matrimonio,

    ib. 24, 3, 2:

    solutum conjugium,

    Juv. 9, 79:

    qui... conjugalia solvit,

    Sen. Med. 144:

    nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,

    Ov. M. 11, 743:

    (sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,

    cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
    c.
    To efface guilt or wrong:

    magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,

    Ov. F. 5, 304:

    solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,

    id. ib. 2, 44:

    culpa soluta mea est,

    id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:

    neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
    d.
    Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;

    less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,

    Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

    capite poenas solvit,

    Sall. J. 69, 4:

    meritas poenas solventem,

    Curt. 6, 3, 14:

    poenarum solvendi tempus,

    Lucr. 5, 1224:

    nunc solvo poenas,

    Sen. Phoen. 172:

    hac manu poenas tibi solvam,

    id. Hippol. 1177.—
    e.
    To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:

    atque animi curas e pectore solvat,

    Lucr. 4, 908:

    curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 38:

    patrimonii cura solvatur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §

    2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,

    Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:

    solvite corde metum,

    Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:

    solve metus animo,

    Stat. Th. 2, 356:

    solvi pericula et metus narrant,

    Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:

    hoc uno solvitur ira modo,

    id. A. A. 2, 460:

    solvitque pudorem,

    Verg. A. 4, 55.—
    f.
    Of sleep:

    quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,

    Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:

    nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,

    Luc. 6, 768; cf.:

    lassitudinem solvere,

    Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
    g.
    Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
    (α).
    To raise a siege:

    solutam cernebat obsidionem,

    Liv. 36, 10, 14:

    soluta obsidione,

    id. 36, 31, 7:

    ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,

    id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
    (β).
    Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:

    cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,

    Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
    (γ).
    To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:

    quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,

    Sall. J. 39, 5:

    imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,

    Sen. Oedip. 525:

    sonipedes imperia solvunt,

    id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:

    sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
    h.
    Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:

    solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),

    Curt. 10, 2, 5:

    solutae a se legis monitus,

    Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:

    cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,

    Liv. 8, 4, 7:

    (Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,

    id. 1, 49, 7:

    oportebat istum morem solvi,

    Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
    2.
    Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
    a.
    To subvert discipline:

    disciplinam militarem solvisti,

    Liv. 8, 7, 16:

    luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,

    id. 40, 1, 4:

    quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,

    Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
    b.
    Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:

    nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,

    Sall. J. 41, 6:

    patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    vires solvere,

    Quint. 9, 4, 7:

    vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
    c.
    Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:

    segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,

    Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;

    similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,

    Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:

    hoc firmos solvit amores,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 385:

    amores cantibus et herbis solvere,

    Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
    d.
    Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:

    vitex dicitur febres solvere,

    Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:

    solvit jejunia granis,

    Ov. F. 4, 607:

    quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,

    id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,

    famem,

    Sen. Thyest. 64.—
    e.
    To delay:

    hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,

    Sen. Troad. 1131.—
    f.
    Of darkness, to dispel:

    lux solverat umbras,

    Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
    g.
    Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:

    aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,

    Sen. Phoen. 406:

    electus formae certamina solvere pastor,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 337:

    jurgia solvere,

    Manil. 3, 115:

    contradictiones solvere,

    Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
    h.
    Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:

    quia quaestionem solvere non posset,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:

    aenigmata,

    Quint. 8, 6, 53:

    omnes solvere posse quaestiones,

    Suet. Gram. 11:

    haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:

    unum tantum hoc solvendum est,

    that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:

    puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,

    id. Ep. 48, 6:

    carmina non intellecta Solverat,

    Ov. M. 7, 760:

    triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,

    Sen. Oedip. 102:

    nodos juris,

    Juv. 8, 50:

    proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,

    Quint. 5, 10, 96:

    plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,

    id. 1, 10, 49:

    quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,

    id. 3, 7, 3:

    ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,

    id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
    3.
    In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
    a.
    To pay.
    (α).
    Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:

    quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:

    inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),

    Liv. 6, 14, 5:

    quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,

    id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:

    pro vectura rem solvit?

    paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:

    ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,

    id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:

    tibi res soluta est recte,

    id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:

    ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 20:

    rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 45:

    dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:

    res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,

    id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);

    semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,

    they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:

    si tergo res solvonda'st,

    by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

    habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,

    id. Curc. 3, 9:

    tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
    (β).
    Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:

    cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,

    Cic. Fl. 18, 43:

    ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,

    id. ib. 20, 46:

    misimus qui pro vectura solveret,

    id. Att. 1, 3, 2:

    qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:

    ut creditori solvat,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:

    si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,

    it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:

    numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,

    to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

    fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 84:

    cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,

    Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:

    non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
    (γ).
    With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:

    postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

    hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,

    settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:

    solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,

    id. Fl. 23, 54:

    ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 1:

    solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:

    aes alienum solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 36, 5:

    quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?

    id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,

    debitum solvere,

    id. ib. 6, 30, 2:

    ne pecunias creditas solverent,

    Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

    ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:

    ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5:

    ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:

    cum patriae quod debes solveris,

    Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:

    debet vero, solvitque praeclare,

    id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:

    aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:

    qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —
    (δ).
    By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:

    emi: pecuniam solvi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:

    pro frumento nihil solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §

    169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,

    Liv. 44, 16:

    hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,

    Nep. Milt. 7, 6:

    nisi pecuniam solvisset,

    id. Cim. 1, 1:

    condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,

    Liv. 30, 37 med.:

    pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,

    id. 36, 3, 1:

    pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,

    id. 32, 26, 14:

    pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,

    id. 40, 39 fin.:

    meritam mercedem,

    id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:

    quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

    stipendium,

    Liv. 28, 32, 1:

    dotem mulieri,

    Dig. 24, 3, 2:

    litem aestimatam,

    the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:

    arbitria funeris,

    the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:

    solvere dodrantem,

    to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:

    dona puer solvit,

    paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,

    munera,

    id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:

    et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:

    si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,

    Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:

    si (actor) solutus fuisset,

    Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
    (ε).
    Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:

    aliquid praesens solvere,

    to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,

    aliquid de praesentibus solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 97, 16:

    solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,

    Vell. 2, 25:

    quas solvere grates sufficiam?

    Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;

    nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,

    Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:

    unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

    id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):

    Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,

    Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:

    homines dicere, se a me solvere,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 11:

    (summa) erat solvenda de meo,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:

    operas solvere alicui,

    to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:

    stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 90:

    iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,

    Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;

    2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,

    a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.

    in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,

    Liv. 31, 13:

    nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,

    Dig. 50, 17, 105:

    qui modo solvendo sint,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:

    si solvendo sint,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:

    nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:

    solvendo non erat,

    Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:

    cum solvendo civitates non essent,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,

    id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

    ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 79;

    and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,

    Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:

    *non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),

    Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —
    b.
    To fulfil the duty of burial.
    (α).
    Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:

    qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,

    who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

    justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,

    Curt. 3, 12, 15:

    proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,

    id. 10, 6, 7:

    ut justa soluta Remo,

    Ov. F. 5, 452:

    nunc justa nato solve,

    Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
    (β).
    Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:

    exsequiis rite solutis,

    Verg. A. 7, 5:

    cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,

    Sen. Hippol. 1198:

    solvere suprema militibus,

    Tac. A. 1, 61.—
    c.
    Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
    (α).
    Alone:

    vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:

    quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,

    Liv. 31, 9 fin.:

    liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,

    id. 40, 44, 8:

    placatis diis votis rite solvendis,

    id. 36, 37 fin.:

    petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,

    id. 45, 44:

    animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,

    Sen. Ep. 73, 5:

    vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,

    Tac. A. 2, 69:

    vota pater solvit,

    Ov. M. 9, 707:

    ne votum solvat,

    Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:

    voti debita solvere,

    Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.

    the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),

    Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:

    V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),

    ib. 2022 et saep.:

    sacra solvere (=votum solvere),

    Manil. 1, 427.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:

    vota Jovi solvo,

    Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:

    sunt vota soluta deae,

    id. F. 6, 248:

    dis vota solvis,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:

    libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),

    Just. 18, 5, 4.—
    d.
    Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:

    fidem obligatam liberare,

    Suet. Claud. 9):

    illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,

    Flor. 1, 1, 12;

    similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),

    Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
    e.
    Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):

    perinde quasi promissum solvens,

    Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:

    solvitur quod cuique promissum est,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;

    similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,

    what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:

    tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:

    reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,

    id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:

    cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:

    nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,

    unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

    duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,

    Liv. 27, 51:

    eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,

    id. 24, 45, 10:

    non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;

    postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 21;

    ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,

    Col. 2, 9:

    soluta et facilis terra,

    id. 3, 14;

    solum solutum vel spissum,

    id. 2, 2 init.;

    seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,

    Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:

    hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,

    id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:

    solutiores ripae,

    Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:

    mas spissior, femina solutior,

    Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:

    dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
    3.
    (Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:

    turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:

    aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

    debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:

    (orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,

    Cic. Or. 47, 173:

    verbis solutus satis,

    id. ib. 47, 174:

    solutissimus in dicendo,

    id. ib. 48, 180.—
    2.
    Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:

    quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?

    Cic. Planc. 30, 72:

    soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,

    unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

    si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;

    non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,

    id. ib. 4, 21, 3;

    solutus omni fenore,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 4;

    nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,

    Liv. 8, 32, 5:

    Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
    3.
    Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:

    quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,

    Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:

    apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,

    i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:

    maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
    4.
    Free from cares, undistracted:

    animo soluto liberoque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

    sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
    5.
    At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:

    te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:

    quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:

    Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
    6.
    Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:

    quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,

    Cic. Dom. 39, 104:

    an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?

    Sen. Ep. 23, 4:

    vultus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 355:

    (mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,

    unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
    7.
    Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:

    cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,

    Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:

    ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,

    Liv. 29, 1 fin.:

    Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:

    incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,

    Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:

    rectore solutos (solis) equos,

    Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
    8.
    Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:

    nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;

    cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,

    id. Div. 1, 2, 4:

    judicio senatus soluto et libero,

    id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:

    sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

    liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,

    uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
    9.
    Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    licentia,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 4:

    populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,

    id. ib. 1, 34, 53:

    quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,

    id. Mil. 13, 34:

    quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,

    Liv. 27, 31 fin.:

    adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,

    id. 2, 1, 2:

    solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,

    a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,

    Suet. Aug. 44:

    mores soluti,

    licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
    10.
    Regardless of rules, careless, loose:

    orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,

    Cic. Brut. 62, 225:

    dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,

    Tac. A. 16, 18.—
    11.
    Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
    (α).
    Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:

    est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
    (β).
    More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);

    in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,

    Cic. Or. 52, 174:

    mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,

    id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;

    68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,

    Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;

    de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,

    id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:

    ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,

    id. ib. 7, 1:

    primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,

    Cic. Brut. 8, 32:

    Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,

    id. Or. 57, 192:

    et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,

    id. ib. 64, 215:

    a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,

    id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
    (γ).
    Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:

    ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:

    nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,

    id. Brut. 79, 274:

    orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

    id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
    (δ).
    Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:

    soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,

    Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:

    solutiora componere,

    id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
    12.
    Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):

    sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
    13.
    Undisciplined, disorderly:

    omnia soluta apud hostes esse,

    Liv. 8, 30, 3:

    nihil temeritate solutum,

    Tac. A. 13, 40:

    apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,

    Just. 34, 2, 2.—
    14.
    Lax, remiss, weak:

    mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,

    Tac. Or. 18:

    soluti ac fluentes,

    Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:

    solutum genus orationis,

    a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:

    quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,

    laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
    C.
    (Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:

    aliquid in solutum dare,

    to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:

    qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:

    qui rem in solutum accipit,

    Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;

    in solutum imputare,

    to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:

    pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,

    Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:

    pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,

    Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
    1.
    Thinly:

    corpora diffusa solute,

    Lucr. 4, 53.—
    2.
    Of speech, fluently:

    non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 29, 110:

    ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,

    id. ib. 81, 280:

    quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,

    Tac. A. 4, 31.—
    3.
    Irregularly, loosely:

    a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
    4.
    Freely, without restraint:

    generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,

    i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
    5.
    Of style, without connection, loosely:

    enuntiare,

    Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
    6.
    Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:

    praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),

    Liv. 39, 1, 4:

    in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,

    id. 23, 37, 6.—
    7.
    Weakly, tamely, without vigor:

    quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
    8.
    Of morals, loosely, without restraint:

    ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,

    Tac. A. 13, 47.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solvo

  • 15 absēns

        absēns entis, adj.    [P. of absum], absent: quod is non absens reus factus esset: absenti senatui plausus est datus: absentem alqm condemnare: absens perii, away from you, O.: nobis absentibus: illum absens absentem auditque videtque, V.: postulo ut mihi tua domus te praesente absente pateat, i. e. whether you are at home or not, T.: absente nobis turbatumst, in our absence, T.: plebs tribunos plebi absentes Sex. Tempanium M. Asellium fecit, i. e. although they did not appear as competitors, L.—Poet. of places: Romae rus optas, absentem rusticus urbem tollis ad astra, H.—As subst, an absent person: minitari absenti: absentem defendere.
    * * *
    (gen.), absentis ADJ
    absent, missing, away, gone; physically elsewhere (things), non-existent

    Latin-English dictionary > absēns

  • 16 aequus

        aequus adj. with comp. and sup.    [2 IC-, AIC-], even, plain, level, flat: locus: aequiore loco constiterat, Cs.: campus, V. — Equal: ex provinciā aequam partem sumere: sequitur non passibus aequis, V.: Abietibus iuvenes aequi, as tall as, V. —Even with, on a level with: sive loquitur ex inferiore loco, sive ex aequo, i. e. on the floor of the Senate: pede congredi aequo, i. e. face to face, V. —Favorable, advantageous: locus ad dimicandum, Cs.: locus suis, N.: tempus.—Favorable, friendly, kind, humane: nobis: parvis alumnis, propitious, H.: templum non aequae Palladis, unpropitious, V.: aër non aequus, unwholesome, V.: non aequa fata, hard, O.: aequi iniquique, friends and foes, L.—Equal, proportionate, like: utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. that I had a fair return, T.: aequā manu discedere, after a drawn battle, S.: aequo Marte pugnare, indecisive, L.: aequum volnus utrique dedit, O. — Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial: praetor: aequissimus iudex.—Of things, equitable, reasonable, fair, honorable: postulatio: id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.: quae liberum scire aequum est adulescentem, T.: sicut aequum est, dicamus, etc.: ex aequo et bono iure rem iudicari oportere, equitably and kindly: fit reus magis ex aequo et bono, quam ex iure gentium, S.: durus est praeter aequomque et bonum, excessively, T.: id non fieri ex aequo et bono, in a spirit of moderation, T.: qui neque ius neque bonum atque aequom sciunt, have no sense of right or reason, T.: istuc aequi bonique facio, T.: si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris, if you propose anything reasonable, T.: animus meus totum istuc aequi boni facit, i. e. is content wich: ‘melius aequius,’ i. e. quid melius et aequius sit iudicatur.—Equable, calm, composed, tranquil: sorti pater aequus utrique est, V.: oculis aspicere aequis, V.: animus: Aequam Servare mentem, H.: aequo animo, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, with indifference: alqd ferre aequo animo: emori: servitutem tolerare, S.: alqd animo aequiore ferre: animo aequissimo nummos adfert: aequissimis animis: audite mentibus aequis, impartially, V.
    * * *
    aequa -um, aequior -or -us, aequissimus -a -um ADJ
    level, even, equal, like; just, kind, impartial, fair; patient, contented

    Latin-English dictionary > aequus

  • 17 ampliō

        ampliō āvī, ātus, āre    [amplus], to widen, extend, increase, enlarge, amplify: rem, H.: servitia, Ta.—In law, to delay a judgment, adjourn, reserve a decision (by the technical word amplius): causam: potestas ampliandi. — With acc. person, to defer one's business, put off the case of: bis ampliatus tertio absolutus est reus, L.
    * * *
    ampliare, ampliavi, ampliatus V TRANS
    enlarge, augment, intensify, widen; ennoble, glorify; postpone, adjourn

    Latin-English dictionary > ampliō

  • 18 capitālis

        capitālis e, adj. with comp.    [caput], of the head, chief, foremost, pre - eminent, distinguished: Ingenium, O.: ille, a writer of the first rank: erat capitalior, quod, etc., more distinguished.—In law, of life, involving life, capital: accusare alquem rei capitalis, of a capital crime: cui rei capitalis dies dicta sit, L.: reus rerum capitalium: flagitia, T.: noxa, L.: iudicium trium virorum capitalium, who had charge of the prisons and of executions.—Fig., deadly, pernicious, irreconcilable, bitter: flagitia, outrageous, T.: hostis, a deadly enemy: ira, H.: oratio, dangerous: nulla capitalior pestis.
    * * *
    capitale, capitalior -or -us, capitalissimus -a -um ADJ
    of/belonging to head/life; deadly, mortal; dangerous; excellent, first-rate

    Latin-English dictionary > capitālis

  • 19 cōnfessus

        cōnfessus adj.    [P. of confiteor], confessed: reus, who pleads guilty, O.: gladiatores.— Plur m. as subst, criminals who have confessed: de confessis supplicium sumere, S. — Confessed, acknowledged, certain: quam confessam rem redimere conetur: dea, manifest, V.: voltibus ira, O.: confessam amplectitur, in her true form, O. — As subst n.: in confesso esse, acknowledged, Ta.
    * * *
    I
    confessa, confessum ADJ
    admitted, acknowledged; generally admitted, manifest, obvious; confessed
    II
    one who admits/confesses liability/crime

    Latin-English dictionary > cōnfessus

  • 20 contrā

        contrā adv. and praep.    [comp. of com-; see 1 cum].    I.adv., of position, in opposition, opposite, face to face, in front, on the other side: signum contra animo finivit, i. e. mentally drew a line, L.: stare, Iu.: ulmus erat contra, in front, O.: consistere, to make front, Cs.: positā Hispaniā, opposite, Ta.: intueri, in the face, L.: oscula non pervenientia contra, so as to meet, O.—Fig., of actions, in turn, in return, back, on the other hand, likewise: Audi nunc, in turn, T.: Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium adloquitur, L.: at tibi contra Evenit, ut, etc., you have your reward, H.: cui latrans contra senex (i. e. respondit), Ph.: si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet, what counter-gift, T.: Facere contra huic aegre, T.: tibi contra gratiam Referre, T. — Of opposition or strife, in opposition, on the other side: obniti contra sufficere, to have strength to resist, V.: pugnare, O.: vociferans, L.: pauca accipe contra, H.: contra feriundi copia, making a counter-attack, S.: quid, si de litteris corruptis contra venit? as his accuser: est contra iudicatum, an adverse decision: licere, to compete, Cs.: nihil quod contra peterent, to compete for: qui contra fecerit, the transgressor.—With verbs of saying, in opposition, on the other side, in answer: cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset, as opposing counsel: contra qui dicit, the opponent: cum nemo contra diceret, denied it: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit, make no objection: quid contra reus? says in reply: contra dicentibus inimicis, Cs.: quid contra dicerem meditabar, how to reply: id quod contra diceretur refellere, the objections: quod in eā causā contra dicendum est: dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum, the objection is made: respondit nec contra dici quin, etc., there was no objection, L.— Reversely, in an opposite manner, the contrary, the opposite: in stultitiā contra est, with fools the reverse is true: quod contra est, S.: utrumque contra accidit: alia probabilia, contra alia dicimus, improbable: cognoscere quid boni utrisque aut contra esset (i. e. mali), S. — On the contrary, on the other hand, conversely: tu contra obicies: Romanus conserere pugnam velle, contra eludere Poenus, L.: iusta omnia decora sunt, iniusta contra indecora: ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.: imperavi nihil, et contra patribus parui, but on the contrary: non enim tua culpa est... contraque summa laus: at contra: sed contra: contra autem: falso queritur quod, etc.: nam contra, etc., S.: quin contra, nay on the contrary, L.—Followed by atque or ac, contrary to, different from, otherwise than: simulacrum, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere: contra atque esset dictum, Cs.: si haec contra ac dico essent omnia: contra ac ratus erat, S.: contra quam fas erat, contrary to the divine law: contra quam ipse censnisset, contrary to its own resolution.    II. Praep., with acc. (in prose before its case, except sometimes a rel. pron.), of position, before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to, over against: insulae latus est contra Galliam, Cs.: pacatis contra insulam suam terris, L.: Carthago Italiam contra, V.—Opposite, towards, against, facing, over against: contra vos in contione consistere, to face you: a fronte contra hostem, Cs.: Albanos contra legionem conlocat, L.: quos agmina contra Procurrunt, V.: contra hanc Romam altera Roma, a rival to.—Fig., in answer to, in reply to: contra ea facturos clamitabat, etc., Cs.: contra ea aiebat, etc., L.: contra postulata nuntios mittit, S.: Quae contra breviter fata est vates, V.—With valere, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail against: hac ratio contra omne ius iurandum valet: contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium? H. —Of opposition or strife, against, with, in hostility to, as the enemy of: contra Caesarem gerere bellum: arma contra senatum tuli: armis contendere contra populum R., Cs.: contra Crustuminos profectus, marched against, L.: nihil se contra Sequanos consili inire, take hostile measures against, Cs.: contra salutem urbis incitari: paratus contra eum: agere contra hominem, plead against: nihil satis firmum contra Metellum, S.: contra difficultates providere, S.: vi contra vim resistere, L.: defensio contra vim: contra me sentire, hold an unfavorable opinion: quem contra veneris antea, for whose adversary you were counsel: pugnandum contra morbum: (provinciam) contra Caesarem retenturi, as the enemy of: eae res contra nos faciunt, make against.—Against, in opposition to, as the opponent of: tibi contra nos dicendum putes: contra iuris consultos dicere, against their opinions: contra caput dicere, to plead against life: contra Epicurum dictum est, in reply to: consuetudo contra deos disputandi, i. e. against the existence.—Against, injurious to, unfavorable to, to the disadvantage of: nihil contra me fecit odio mei: aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suadere: contra se ipse misericors, to his own injury, Ph.: contra valetudinis commodum laborare.—Esp., of offences, against, in violation of: pecuniam contra leges auferre: contra fas: contra ius gentium, L.: contra verecundiam, in disregard of: contra rem p. fecisse, to have been guilty of treason: vim eam contra rem p. factam decernere, L.: contra morem facere: quod contra legem esset: contra fidem. — Of opposition in thought, contrary to, opposite to, the reverse of: sed mihi contra ea videtur, the contrary seems true, S.: contra ea Caesar putabat, otherwise, Cs.: contra ea benigne, on the other hand, L.: cuius a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari), whereas: quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere, while, on the contrary.—With an abstract noun, contrary to, beyond, against: contra omnium opinionem (i. e. contra ac rati erant), Cs.: contra opinionem Iugurthae, against the expectation, S.: cetera contra spem salva invenit, L.: contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptus, S.
    * * *
    I
    facing, face-to-face, in the eyes; towards/up to; across; in opposite direction; against, opposite, opposed/hostile/contrary/in reply to; directly over/level; otherwise, differently; conversely; on the contrary; vice versa
    II
    against, facing, opposite; weighed against; as against; in resistance/reply to; contrary to, not in conformance with; the reverse of; otherwise than; towards/up to, in direction of; directly over/level with; to detriment of

    Latin-English dictionary > contrā

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