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1 δακρύω
A , later- ύσομαι Tryph. 404
: [tense] aor.ἐδάκρῡσα Hdt.1.112
, etc., [dialect] Ep.δάκρῡσα Od.11.55
: [tense] pf.δεδάκρῡκα Alciphr.2.3.14
:—[voice] Med.,δακρύεσθαι A.Th. 815
: [tense] aor.δακρύσατο Tryph.431
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pres., E.Hel. 1226: [tense] pf.δεδάκρῡμαι Il.16.7
, etc.: [υ long in all tenses, except in late Poets, as AP9.148]: (for the Root, v. δάκρυ).I intr., weep, shed tears, Od. l.c., etc.: c. acc. cogn., δ. γόους to lament with tears, S.Aj. 580: c. gen. causae,δ. συμφορᾶς E.HF 528
(dub. l.); δ. βλέφαρα to flood them with tears, Id.Hel. 948;δ. χαρᾷ X.HG7.2.9
;ἐπὶ ταῖς συμφοραῖς Isoc.4.168
:— [voice] Pass., [tense] pf. δεδάκρυμαι to be in tears,τίπτε δεδάκρυσαι, Πατρόκλεες; Il. 16.7
;δεδάκρυνται δὲ παρειαί 22.491
; in tears,Pl.
Ax. 364b, Plu.Publ.6, etc.2 of the eyes, run, Arist.HA 620a5.3 of trees, exude gum, Thphr.Fr. 121;ἤλεκτρον δακρύειν Luc.Salt. 55
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2 διαχλευάζω
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διαχλευάζω
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3 θύρα
Aθυρέων Archil.127
, Hdt.1.9:— door, Il.24.317, etc.: freq. in pl. of double or folding doors,θ. δικλίδες Od.17.267
;θ. φαειναί 6.19
, al.;θυρῶν ζεῦγος καινῶν IG12.313.123
, cf. 4.1488.25(Epid.); ἡ δεξιὰ θ. the right valve, ib.22.1457.16; θ. μονόθυρος ib.1627.418; θύραι λίθιναι (including the framework) ib. 12.372.195; θύραι αὔλειαι, v. αὔλειος; ἡ θ. ἡ εἰς τὸν κῆπον φέρονσα D. 47.53, cf.κηπαῖος 11
; rarely for πύλαι, gates, Plu.Cat.Mi.65; of the carceres in the Roman circus, barriers, Tab.Defix.Aud.187.59. —Phrases: προσθεῖναι τὰς θ., προστιθέναι τὴν θ., Hdt.3.78, Lys.1.13;ἐπισπάσαι X.HG6.4.36
; , Pl.Prt. 314d;ἐφέλκεσθαι Luc.Am.16
; τὴν θ. βαλανοῦν, μοχλοῦν, bar the door, Ar. Fr. 251, 369; θύραν κόπτειν, πατάσσειν, κρούειν, knock, rap at the door, Id.Nu. 132, Ra.38, Pl.Prt. 310b; ἀράττειν, ἐπαράξαι, Ar.Ec. 977, Pl.Prt. 314d; τὴν θ. ἀνοιγνύναι open it, v. ἀνοίγνυμι; ὦσαι push it open, Lys.1.24; μικρὸν ἐνδοῦναι open it a little, Plu.2.597d;δόμου ἐν πρώτῃσι θύρῃσι στῆναι Od.1.255
;ἷζε δ' ἐπὶ.. οὐδοῦ ἔντοσθε θυράων 17.339
;θυρῶν ἔνδον S.El.78
; πρὸ θυρῶν ib. 109(anap.); ἐπί or παρὰ Πριάμοιο θύρῃσι at Priam's door, i.e. before his dwelling, Il.2.788, 7.346: metaph.,ἐπὶ ταῖς θύραις τῆς Ἑλλάδος εἶναι X. An.6.5.23
, cf. D.10.34;τῆς πατρίδος Plu.Sull.29
, Arat.37;ἐπὶ θύραις τῆς Πίσης Philostr.VA8.15
; πυρετοῦ περὶ θύρας ὄντος being at the door, Plu.2.128f (butχειμῶνος ἐπὶ θύραις ὄντος Phlp.in Mete.130.25
).2 esp. of kings and potentates, οἱ τῶν ἀρίστων Περσῶν παῖδες ἐπὶ ταῖς βασιλέως θύραις παιδεύονται are educated at court, X.An.1.9.3; γυνὴ φοιτῶσα ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας τοῦ βασιλέος, of a petitioner, Hdt.3.119, cf. X.An.2.1.8; αἱ ἐπὶ τὰς θ. φοιτήσεις dangling after the court, Id.HG1.6.7;ἐπὶ ταῖς τῶν πλουσίων θ. διατρίβειν Arist. Rh. 1391a12
;περὶ θύρας διατρίβειν Id.Pol. 1313b7
, Theopomp.Hist. 121; applied also to lovers, clients, disciples, etc., ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν (or τὰς θύρας) τινὸς βαδίζειν, ἰέναι, etc., Ar.Pl. 1007, Pl.R. 364b, cf. Phdr. 233e, etc.;ἐπὶ ταῖσι θύραις ἀεὶ καθῆσθαι Ar.Nu. 467
: metaph.,Μουσῶν ἐπὶ ποιητικὰς θ. ἀφικέσθαι Pl.Phdr. 245a
.3 prov.,γλώσσῃ θύραι οὐκ ἐπίκεινται Thgn.421
; οὐδέποτ' ἴσχει θ., of admirers of the Demos, Eup.265; ἐπὶ θύραις τὴν ὑδρίαν to break the pitcher at the very door, 'there's many a slip 'twixt cup and lip', Arist.Rh. 1363a7; τίς ἂν θύρας ἁμάρτοι; Id.Metaph. 993b5;λόγος δικαστηρίου ἢ ἀγορᾶς οὐδὲ θύρας ἰδών D.H.Dem.23
; τὸ κατὰ θύραν τερπνόν vulgar pleasures, Eun.VSp.496 B.;παρὰ θύραν πλανᾶσθαι S.E.M.1.43
; ἐκ θυρῶν εὐθέως τῆς.. ἀκροάσεως at the very beginning, Olymp.in Mete. 2.1.4 shutter of a window,τὰς θ. τὰς ἐπὶ τῶν θυρίδων IG12(5).872.37
([place name] Tenos), cf. 22.1668.60.5 pl., door of a chariot, X.Cyr. 6.4.9.6 pl., axle-trees, Poll.1.146 (v.l. εὑραί).7 θύρη καταπακτή trap- door, Hdt.5.16.8 frame of planks, raft, Id.2.96; φραξάμενοι τὴν ἀκρόπολιν θύρῃσί τε καὶ ξύλοισι with hurdles and logs, Id.8.51, cf. Th.6.101.9 in war, fenced works to obstruct landingparties, in pl., Ph.Bel.94.37, 100.7.II generally, entrance, as to a grotto, in pl., Od.9.243, al.2 sluice-gate, PPetr.3p.134: pl., ib.2p.41 (iii B.C.).III metaph., senses, as the entrances to the soul, ap. Stob.3.6.17;ἐγγὺς τοῦ στόματος ἡ καρδία, ἡ δὲ ψυχὴ τῶν θ. Aristaenet.2.7
. (I.-E. dhur-, cf. Lat. foras, fores, OE. duru 'door', etc.) -
4 καί τοι
A and indeed, and further, freq. in Hom. with one or more words between, Il.1.426, al.;καὶ σύ τοι E.Med. 344
; [full] καὶτἆλλά τοι X.Cyr.7.3.10
: once in Hom. as one word, Il.13.267.II after Hom. usu., and yet, to mark an objection introduced by the speaker himself, freq. in Rhetorical questions, καίτοι τί φημι; A.Pr. 101; κ. τί φωνῶ; S.OC 1132, cf. Isoc.4.99, etc.: without a question,κ. φύγοιμ' ἄν E.Cyc. 480
;κ. καὶ τοῦτο.. D.4.12
, 18.122: strengthd., καίτοι γ' Ar.Ach. 611, E.Fr.953.10, X.Mem.1.2.3, Ph.1.274, etc.: mostly separated,καίτοι.. γε E.Or.77
, Ar.Ra.43, X.Mem.3.12.7, etc. ( καίτοι is f.l. in A.Eu. 849); so καίτοι περ v.l. in Hdt.8.53.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καί τοι
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5 μορμολύττομαι
Aμορμολυξάμενος Gal.10.106
): ([etym.] μορμώ):—frighten, scare, Ar.Av. 1245, Pl.Cri. 46c, Ph.2.468;μ. τοὺς φίλους X.Smp.4.27
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μορμολύττομαι
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6 πάρωχρος
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πάρωχρος
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7 παρῳδέω
A write by way of parody, D.L.4.52, Luc.Cont.14, etc.;π. ἐπί τινι τόδε τὸ ἐλεγεῖον Philostr.VS1.5
;ἅπερ ἐκ τῶν Ἡσιόδου.. Ἠοίων πεπαρῴδηται Ath.8.364b
, cf. Sch.Ar.Pl. 253, etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παρῳδέω
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8 πείθω
A persuade, [tense] impf.ἔπειθον Il.22.91
, etc.; [dialect] Ep. and Lyr.πεῖθον 16.842
, B.8.16 : [tense] fut.πείσω Il.9.345
, etc.; [dialect] Ep. inf.πεισέμεν 5.252
: [tense] aor. 1ἔπεισα Pi.O.2.80
, A.Eu.84, Ar.Pl. 304, etc. (Hom. has only opt.πείσειε Od.14.123
); [dialect] Aeol. part.πείσαις Pi.O.3.16
: [tense] aor. 2ἔπῐθον Id.P.3.65
(poet. πίθον), Corinn.Supp.2.58 (poet. dual πιθέταν), A. Supp. 941, Ar.Pl. 949, Theoc.22.64, used by Hom. only in [dialect] Ep. redupl. formsπεπίθωμεν Il.9.112
,πεπίθοιμι 23.40
, A.R.3.14,πεπῐθεῖν Il.9.184
, A.R.3.536,πεπῐθών Pi.I.4(3).72
(v. infr.),πεπιθοῦσα Il.15.26
(ind. not in Il. or Od.,πέπιθον A.R.1.964
, ): [tense] pf.πέπεικα Lys. 26.7
, Is.8.24, Isoc.14.15 :—[voice] Med. and [voice] Pass. [full] πείθομαι, obey, Il.1.79, etc.: [tense] fut. πείσομαι ib. 289, etc.: [tense] aor. 2 ἐπῐθόμην, [dialect] Ep.πιθόμην 5.201
,ἐπίθετο Ar.Nu.73
,ἐπίθοντο Il.3.260
, IG22.29.14, redupl. ; imper.πίθεο Pi.P.1.59
, , pl. ; subj.πίθωμαι Il.18.273
, etc.; opt.πιθοίμην 4.93
, etc. (redupl.πεπίθοιτο 10.204
); inf.πιθέσθαι 7.293
, etc. (πεπιθέσθαι AP14.75
); part. : [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Med.ἐπεισάμην IG12(5).720.5
(Andros, ii B. C.), Aristid.1.391 J., Sopat. in Rh.8.150 W.: [tense] fut. [voice] Pass.πεισθήσομαι S.Ph. 624
, Pl.Sph. 248e, etc.: [tense] aor. 1 , S.OT 526, Ar.Nu. 866, X.An.7.7.29 : [tense] pf. , E.El. 578, Pl.Prt. 328e; Thess. [tense] pf. inf.πεπεῖστειν IG9(2).517.16
(Larissa, iii B. C.).II intr. tenses of [voice] Act., in pass. sense, [tense] pf. 2πέποιθα Il.4.325
, etc. (not freq. in Prose); imper. codd.; [ per.] 2sg. subj.πεποίθῃς Il.1.524
; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 1pl. πεποίθομεν (for- ωμεν) Od.10.335 ; opt. : [tense] plpf.ἐπεποίθειν Il. 16.171
; [ per.] 3pl.ἐπεποίθεσαν Hdt.9.88
; [dialect] Ep.πεποίθεα Od.4.434
, 8.181 ; [ per.] 1pl.ἐπέπιθμεν Il.2.341
, 4.159 : Pi. uses [tense] aor. 2 part. πιθών = πιθόμενος, P.3.28, redupl.πεπιθών I.4(3).72
.III as if from [full] πῐθέω, Hom. has [tense] fut.πῐθήσω Od.21.369
( obey): [tense] aor. part.πῐθήσας Il.4.398
( trust), cf. Hes. Op. 359, 671, Pi.P.4.109, A.Ch. 618 (lyr.), Lyc.735 ; redupl. [tense] aor. subj. πεπῐθήσω trans., Il.22.223 :—also [dialect] Aeol. [full] πίθημι, part.πίθεις Alc.Supp. 9.4
.A [voice] Act., prevail upon, persuade, usu. by fair means, τινα Il.9.345, etc.; πεπιθεῖν φρένας Αἰακίδαο ib. 184 ;σοὶ δὲ φρένας ἄφρονι πεῖθε 16.842
; , cf. Od.7.258, 23.337 ;Ἕκτορι θυμὸν ἔπειθε Il.22.78
: c. acc. pers. et inf., persuade one to.., ib. 223, A.Eu. 724, etc.; π. τινὰς ὥστε δοῦναι, etc., Hdt.6.5, cf. Th.3.31, etc.; ὥστε μὴ .. S.Ph. 901 ; later ἵνα .. Ev.Matt. 27.20, Plu.2.181a; π. τινὰς ὡς χρὴ.., ὡς ἔστι .., Pl.R. 327c, 364b;π. τινὰ ἐς τὴν ὁμολογίαν Th.5.76
;κοὐδείς γέ μ' ἂν πείσειεν.. τὸ μὴ ἐλθεῖν Ar.Ra.68
; πείθω ἐμαυτόν I persuade myself, am persuaded, believe, Th.6.33, And.1.70, Pl.Grg. 453b, etc.; alsoπ. τι ὠφέλιμον ὄν Th.4.17
: freq. in part., πείσας by persuasion, by fair means, opp. ἐν δόλῳ, S.Ph. 102, cf. 612; opp. βίᾳ, Trag.Adesp.402 ; πόλιν πείσας having obtained the city's consent, S. OC 1298 ;δᾶμον πείσαις λόγῳ Pi.O.3.16
; μὴ πείσας unless by leave, Pl.Lg. 844e ;οὐ πείσαντες τὸν δῆμον Aeschin.3.41
; πείθοντες, opp. βίᾳ, X.An.5.5.11 ; π. γυναῖκα, opp. βιάζεσθαι, Id.Cyr.6.1.34 ; πέπεικε, opp. ἠνάγκακε, Pl.Hipparch. 232b (butπ. ἀνάγκῃ D.C.62.16
, cf. πειθανάγκη): with neut. pron., persuade one to or of a thing,τοῦτό γε οὐκ ἔπειθε τοὺς Φωκαιέας Hdt.1.163
, cf. A.Pr. 1064 (anap.), Pl.R. 399b, etc.;ἔπειθον οὐδέν' οὐδέν A.Ag. 1212
; μὴ πεῖθ' ἃ μὴ δεῖ do not attempt to persuade me to.., S.OC 1442 ; also τοιάνδ' ἔπειθε ῥῆσιν addressed them thus, A.Supp. 615.2 prevail on by entreaty, Il. 24.219, Od.14.363 ;τότε κέν μιν ἱλασσάμενοι πεπίθοιμεν Il.1.100
; , cf. 181, 386, Hes.Sc. 450 ;Ζηνὸς ἦτορ λιταῖς Pi.O.2.80
, cf. Pl.R. 366a, Ap. 37d : c. dupl. acc.,τὸν φόρον ὑποτελῶ Ἀθηναίοισιν, ὃν ἂν πείθω Ἀθηναίους IG12.39.27
.II in bad sense, talk over, mislead,ἐπεὶ οὐ παρελεύσεαι οὐδέ με πείσεις Il.1.132
, cf. 6.360 ;ἔληθε δόλῳ καὶ ἔπειθεν Ἀχαιούς Od.2.106
, cf. 14.123 ;πεπιθοῦσα θυέλλας Il. 15.26
.2 π. τινὰ χρήμασι bribe, Hdt.8.134, Lys.21.10 ; π. ἐπὶ μισθῷ μισθῷ, Hdt.8.4, 9.33, Th.2.96, etc. ([voice] Pass.,χρήμασι πεισθείς Id.1.137
): prov.,δῶρα θεοὺς πείθει Hes.Fr. 272
; πείθειν τινά alone, Lys. 7.21, X.An.1.3.19, Act.Ap. 12.20.3 offood, tempt, Xenocr. ap. Orib. 2.58.84.B [voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., to be prevailed on, won over, persuaded, abs., Il.5.201, etc. ; imper. freq. in Trag., πείθου be persuaded, S.OC 520, El. 1015, E.Fr. 440 ; but πιθοῦ comply, S.OC 1181, El. 1207 : c. inf., to be persuaded to do, Id.Ph. 624; πείθεσθέ μοι πρύτανιν ἑλέσθαι Pl.Prt. 338a ; also πείθεσθαί τινι ὥστε .. Th. 2.2 ; ὃ.. ὑμεῖς.. ἥκιστ' ἂν ὀξέως πείθοισθε (sc. πρᾶξαι) Id.6.34 ; ἑκὼν καὶ πεπεισμένος of one's own free will, POxy. ivp 203 (iv A.D.), etc. ; τὰ μὲν παρ' ἡμῶν ἴσθι σοι πεπεισμένα we are won over to you, Ar. Th. 1170.2 πείθεσθαί τινι listen to one, obey him, Il. 1.79, etc. ; τοῖς ἐν τέλει βεβῶσι π. S. Ant. 67 ; τοῖς ἄρχουσι, τῷ νόμῳ, X. Cyr. 1.2.8, An. 7.3.39 ;μᾶλλον τῷ θεῷ ἢ ὑμῖν Pl. Ap. 29d
: sts. c. dupl. dat., ἔπεσι, μύθοισι π. τινί, Il.1.150, 23.157 : without dat. pers.,ἐπείθετο μύθῳ 1.33
, cf. Od. 17.177 ; γήραϊ πείθεσθαι yield, succumb to old age, Il.23.645 ; στυγερῇ πειθώμεθα δαιτί let us comply with the custom of eating, sad though the meal be, ib.48 ; νῦν μὲν πειθώμεθα νυκτὶ μελαίνῃ, of leaving off the labours of the day, 8.502 ; ἀδίκοις ἔργμασι π. Sol.4.11, 13.12.b with Adj. neut., σημάντορι πάντα πιθέσθαι obey him in all things, Od. 17.21 ; ἅ τιν' οὐ πείσεσθαι ὀΐω wherein I think some will not obey, Il.1.289, cf. 4.93, 7.48, Hdt. 6.100, etc. ;πάντ' ἔγωγε πείσομαι S.Aj. 529
;πείσομαι δ' ἃ σοὶ δοκεῖ Id.Tr. 1180
;οὐ.. πείθομαι τὸ δρᾶν Id.Ph. 1252
;μύθοις.. πεισθεὶς ἀφανῆ E. Hipp. 1288
(anap.), cf. Lys.22.3 : rarely with Noun in acc., χρήμασι πεισθῆναι [ τὴν ἀναχώρησιν] Th.2.21 (s.v.l.).3 c. gen., four times in Hdt.,πείθεσθαί τινος 1.126
, 5.29, 33,6.12, cf. E. IA 726, Th. 7.73 ;πείσθητί μευ Herod. 1.66
; κείνου.. πιθοίατο vulg. in Il.10.57.II πείθεσθαί τινι believe, trust in,πείθεθ' ἑταίρῳ Od. 20.45
;οἰωνοῖσι Il.12.238
; ;ἐνυπνίῳ Pi.O. 13.79
;λεγομένοισι Hdt. 2.146
, etc.: c. acc. et inf., believe that..,οὐ γάρ πω ἐπείθετο ὃν πατέρ' εἶναι Od. 16.192
, cf. Hdt. 1.8, etc.: c. dat. pers. et inf., π. τινὶ μὴ εἶναι χρήματα, = ὅτι χρήματα οὐκ ἔχει, X.An. 7.8.3 : withὡς, οὐ πείσονται ὡς σὺ αὐτὸς οὐκ ἠθέλησας Pl. Cri. 44c
, cf. R. 391b : with neut. Adj. or Pron., τὰ περὶ Αἴγυπτον τοῖσι λέγουσι αὐτὰ π., οὐκ ἐπείθοντο τὰ ἐσαγγελθέντα, Hdt.2.12, 8.81 ;πείθεσθε τούτῳ ταῦτα Ar. Th. 592
; ταῦτ' ἐγώ σοι οὐ πείθομαι I do not take this on your word, Pl.Ap. 25e, cf. Phdr. 235b : abs.,ὡς ἐγὼ πείθομαι Phld.Po.5.34
.b π. τινὰ ὅπως .. to believe of him, that.., E. Hipp. 1251.III [tense] pf. 2 πέποιθα trust, rely on, c. dat. pers. vel rei, Il.4.325, etc. (not freq. in early Prose, asαὑτῷ πεποιθέναι Pl. Mx. 248a
): c. dat. et inf.,οὔ πω χερσὶ πέποιθα ἄνδρ' ἀπαμύνασθαι Od. 16.71
, cf. Il.13.96, etc.: c. dat.,οἷσι.. μαρναμένοισι πέποιθε Od.16.98
: later c. inf. only, πέποιθα τοῦτ' ἐπισπάσειν κλέος I trust to win this fame, S.Aj. 769 ; αἰχμήν.. μᾶλλον θεοῦ σέβειν πεποιθώς daring to.., A. Th. 530: once in Hdt., : rarely c. acc. et inf.,πέποιθα.. τὸν πυρφόρον ἥξειν κεραυνόν A. Th. 444
;εἴ τις πέποιθεν ἑαυτῷ Χριστοῦ εἶναι 2 Ep.Cor.10.7
; π. εἴς τινας ὅτι .. Ep.Gal.5.10; ἐπί τινας ὅτι .. 2 Ep.Cor. 2.3 ;ἐπὶ χρήμασι Ev.Marc. 10.24
: abs., ὄφρα πεποίθῃς that you may feel confidence, Il.1.524, Od.13.344 ; πεποιθώς in sure confidence, LXXDe. 33.28.IV post-Hom. [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. πέπεισμαι believe, trust, c. dat., ; , etc.: c. acc. et inf., συνοίσειν ταῦτα πέπ. D.4.51, cf. Pl. R. 368a : abs.,νῦν δὲ πέπεισμαι Id.Prt. 328e
; πεπεισμένος ἔκ τινων λογίων persuaded by.., Plu.Rom. 14 ;πεπείσμεθα περὶ ὑμῶν τὰ κρείττονα Ep.Hebr.6.9
. (Cf. Lat. fido, fides.) -
9 πολίωσις
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πολίωσις
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10 πορίζω
A , 1101, Th.6.29, etc., lateπορίσω Artem.2.68
: [tense] aor. : [tense] pf. :— [voice] Med., [tense] fut. [dialect] Att.ποριοῦμαι D.35.41
: [tense] aor.ἐπορισάμην Ar.Ra. 880
, etc.: —[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.πορισθήσομαι Th.6.37.94
: [tense] aor. ἐπορίσθην ib.37, etc., [dialect] Dor.- ίχθην Lysis
ap.Iamb.VP 17.75: [tense] pf.πεπόρισμαι Isoc.15.278
, D. 44.3 (in med. sense, Lys.29.7, Aeschin.3.209, Philem.123): [tense] plpf.ἐπεπόριστο Th.6.29
: ([etym.] πόρος):—rarely, like πορεύω, carry, bring, σὲ θεὸς ἐπόρισεν ἁμέτερα πρὸς μέλαθρα (prob. for ἐπῶρσεν, ἔπορσεν) S.El. 1267(lyr.).II bring about, furnish, provide,κακά τινι Hom.
Epigr. 14.10; νίκην, χρήματα, etc., Ar.Eq. 593, Ec. 236, Democr.78, IG22.834.14, etc.;ἀρχὴν πολέμου Ar.Fr.81
;τροφὴν τοῖς στρατιώταις Isoc.12.82
;τοῖς μαθηταῖς δόξαν, οὐκ ἀλήθειαν Pl.Phdr. 275a
: abs.,θεῶν ποριζόντων καλῶς E.Med. 879
: freq. with a notion of contriving or inventing, μηχανὰν κακῶν, πόρους, Id.Alc. 222 (lyr.), Ar.Eq. 759, etc.; ;π. τριβάς Ar.Ach. 386
;διαβολήν Th.6.29
;σωτηρίαν τῷ γένει Pl.Prt. 321b
;τῇ ζητήσει ἀπόκρισιν Id.Phlb. 30d
, etc.:—[voice] Med., furnish oneself with, procure, ; δαπάνην, χρήματα, ὅπλα, Th.1.83, 142, 4.9; τὰς ἡδονάς, τἀγαθά, τἀπιτήδεια, etc., Pl.Grg. 501b, La. 199e, Ax. 368b, etc.; ;τὰ δεῖπνα Alex.257.2
; καινὰ ῥήματα Philem.l.c.; ;ἐκ τῶν ἀλλοτρίων π. τὸν βίον Isoc.12.116
; alsoπ. μάρτυρας Lys. 29.7
;πρόφασιν Id.8.3
;λόγους περὶ ἀδίκων πραγμάτων D.35.41
;αἰτίας χρηστὰς ἐπὶ πράγμασι φαύλοις Plu.2.868d
: sts. alsoπορίζεσθαί τι ἑαυτοῖς X.HG5.1.17
, Pl.Smp. 208e; σημεῖα πεπορίσθαι to have acquired the signs, i.e. know them, Hp.Medic. 14; also, have provided for one, receive, Men.Prot.p.16D.:—[voice] Pass., to be provided,τὰ τῆς παρασκευῆς ἐπεπόριστο Th.6.29
; ῥᾳδίως αἱ ἐπαγωγαὶ.. ἐπορίζοντο inducements were easily provided, Id.3.82;δύναμις ἐκ θεῶν π. Pl.R. 364b
;πίστεις ὑπὸ τοῦ λόγου πεπορισμέναι Isoc. 15.278
, cf. Arist.Rh. 1356a1;τὸ γηροβοσκοὺς κεκτῆσθαι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις πορίζεται X.Oec.7.19
; πράξεις πρὸς τὰ φύ χη καὶ τὰς ἀλέας πεπορισμέναι behaviour adapted to.., Arist.HA 596b22, cf. PA 665b3.2 [voice] Act. in med. sense, find money, raise a loan, PCair.Zen.477.16(iii B.C.); obtain,προστάγματα εἰς τὸ τιμωρηθῆναι αὐτούς PMich.Zen.57.9
(iii B.C.); earn,τὸ ζῆν ἀπὸ τῆς γερδιακῆς PLond.3.846.11
(ii A.D.):—[voice] Pass., ἀπ' ἄλλων συντόμως σοι πορισθὲν ἀποδοθήσεται (sc. τὸ ἀργύριον) PMich.Zen. 56.8 (iii B.C.). -
11 πυρρόχροος
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πυρρόχροος
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12 ἀγύρτης
2 vagabond, E.Rh. 503, 715, cf. Lysipp.6, Clearch.5; δόλιος ἀ., of Tiresias, S.OT 388;ἀ. καὶ μάντεις Pl.R. 364b
.II a throw of the dice, Eub.57.5. (On the accent cf. Hdn.Gr.1.77.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀγύρτης
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13 ἀδύνατος
ἀδῠνᾰτ-ος, ον,I of persons, unable to do a thing, c. inf., Hdt.3.138, Epich.272, E.HF56, etc.;ἀ. εἰπεῖν Arist.Rh. 1379a2
; ἀ. ὥστε .. Onos.1.13: [comp] Comp., τὸν δυνατώτερον τοῦ -ωτέρου [πλέον ἔχειν] Pl.Grg. 483d: [comp] Sup.-ώτατος, λέγειν Eup.95
.2 abs., without strength, powerless, weakly, Hdt.5.9, E. Ion 596, Andr. 746; οἱ ἀ. men disabled for service, whether as invalids or paupers, Lys.24 tit., Arist.Ath.49.4;ἐν τοῖς ἀ. μισθοφορεῖν Aeschin.1.103
;ἀ. σώματι Lys.2.73
; ἀ. χρήμασι poor, Th.7.28; εἴς τι Pl.Hp.Mi. 366b; οἱ -ώτατοι persons of no importance, Phld.Herc. 1457.8; of ships, disabled, Hdt.6.16; τὸ ἀ. want of strength, Pl. Hp.Ma. 296a; τὰ ἀ. disabilities, D.18.108.II of things, impossible, E.Or. 665, Hel. 1043; ἐλπίδες unrealizable, Democr.58;τὸ ἀ. Arist.Cael. 280b12
;ἡ εἰς τὸ ἀ. ἀπαγωγή
reductio ad impossibile, APr. ; ὁ διὰ τοῦ ἀ. συλλογισμός, ἡ διὰ τοῦ ἀ. δεῖξις, ib. 34b30, 45a35;ἀδύνατα βούλομαι Lync.1.12
:—ἀδύνατόν [ἐστι] c. inf., Hdt.1.32, al.; ἀδύνατά [ἐστι] Pi.P.2.81, Hdt.1.91, 6.106, Th.1.59; ἀ. ὑμῖν ὥστε .. Pl.Prt. 338c;ὑμέας καταλελάβηκε ἀ. τι βοηθέειν Hdt.9.60
;τὰ ἀ. καρτερεῖν E.IA 1370
;τολμᾶν ἀδύνατα Id.Hel. 811
;ἀδυνάτων ἐρᾶν Id.HF 318
, cf. Luc.DDeor.8, etc.; prov.,ἀδύνατα θηρᾷς Macar.1.26
: [comp] Comp. -ώτερον, ἔτι.. εἰ οἷόν τε .. Pl.Tht. 192b, cf. Prm. 138d: [comp] Sup.,ὃ δὴ πάντων -ώτατον Id.Phlb. 15b
.III Adv. - τως without power or skill, feebly, , cf. 3.3.4 ([comp] Comp.), Lys.12.3:—ἀ. ἔχειν to be unwell, Pl.Ax. 364b; to be unable, c. inf., Arist. Rh.Al. 1435a16; ἀ. ἔχει it is impossible, Epicur.Ep.2p.49U.; ἀ. λέγεται it is an impossible story, Phld.Rh.2.122 S.—Rare in poetry: Trag. only in E.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀδύνατος
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14 ἀνάθημα
A that which is set up: hence, like ἄγαλμα, votive offering set up in a temple, Hdt.1.14,92, S.Ant. 286, etc.;ἀ. ἐκ λειτουργιῶν Lys.26.4
.2 used by Hom. only in first sense of ἄγαλμα, delight, ornament,μολπή τ' ὀρχηστύς τε· τὰ γάρ τ' ἀναθήματα δαιτός Od.1.152
, cf. 21.430, IG14.1390; τοῖς τεκοῦσιν ἀνάθημα βιότου, of children, E.Fr. 518, cf. Pl.Hp.Mi. 364b; to help deserving poverty isβασιλικοῦ πλούτου ἀ. καὶ κατασκεύασμα λαμπρότατον D.H.19.14
.3 of a slave in a temple, ἀ. πόλεως devoted to this service by the city, E. Ion 310.—Cf. ἀνάθεμα.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀνάθημα
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15 ἐπῳδή
A song sung to or over: hence, enchantment, spell,ἐπαοιδῇ δ' αἷμα..ἔσχεθον Od.19.457
, cf. Pi.P.4.217 ;οὐ πρὸς ἰατροῦ σοφοῦ θρηνεῖν ἐπῳδὰς πρὸς τομῶντι πήματι S.Aj. 582
; of the Magi, Hdt.1.132 ; , cf. S.OC 1194 ;ἐπῳδὰς ἐπᾴδειν X.Mem.2.6.10
sq.;ἐπῳδαῖς ἁλίσκεσθαι Anaxandr.33.13
;οὔτε φάρμακα..οὐδ' αὖ ἐπῳδαί Pl.R. 426b
; θυσίαι καὶ ἐ. ib. 364b ;τὰς θυσίας καὶ τελετὰς καὶ τὰς ἐ. Id.Smp. 202e
, etc.: c. gen. obj., charm for or against.., .II apptly., = ἐπῳδός 11, Poet.Oxy.661.21 (pl.). -
16 ὠχρίασις
A a turning pale, paleness, Sor.1.45, Plot.3.6.3;ἡ πολίωσις οἷον ὠ. Plu.2.364b
: pl., ib.652d.2 = ὤχρα 11, Thd.Am. 4.9.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὠχρίασις
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17 διαχλευάζω
διαχλευάζω (s. χλευάζω; Demosth. 50, 49; Polyb. 18, 4, 4; Ps.-Pla., Axioch. 364b; Jos., Bell. 2, 281, Ant. 15, 220) to laugh at someone in scorn, abs. jeer Ac 2:13. S. PvanderHorst, JSNT 25, ’85, 49–60 (Hellen. parallels).—DELG s.v. Χλεύη. -
18 καί
καί conjunction (Hom.+), found most frequently by far of all Gk. particles in the NT; since it is not only used much more commonly here than in other Gk. lit. but oft. in a different sense, or rather in different circumstances, it contributes greatly to some of the distinctive coloring of the NT style.—HMcArthur, ΚΑΙ Frequency in Greek Letters, NTS 15, ’68/69, 339–49. The vivacious versatility of κ. (for earlier Gk. s. Denniston 289–327) can easily be depressed by the tr. ‘and’, whose repetition in a brief area of text lacks the support of arresting aspects of Gk. syntax.① marker of connections, andⓐ single wordsα. gener. Ἰάκωβος καὶ Ἰωσὴφ καὶ Σίμων καὶ Ἰούδας Mt 13:55. χρυσὸν καὶ λίβανον καὶ σμύρναν 2:11. ἡ ἐντολὴ ἁγία καὶ δικαία καὶ ἀγαθή Ro 7:12. πολυμερῶς κ. πολυτρόπως Hb 1:1. ὁ θεὸς κ. πατήρ God, who is also the Father 1 Cor 15:24; cp. 2 Cor 1:3; 11:31; Eph 1:3; Js 1:27; 3:9 al.—Connects two occurrences of the same word for emphasis (OGI 90, 19 [196 B.C.] Ἑρμῆς ὁ μέγας κ. μέγας; pap in Mayser II/1, 54) μείζων κ. μείζων greater and greater Hv 4, 1, 6. ἔτι κ. ἔτι again and again B 21:4; Hs 2, 6 (B-D-F §493, 1; 2; s. Rob. 1200).β. w. numerals, w. the larger number first δέκα καὶ ὁκτώ Lk 13:16. τεσσεράκοντα κ. ἕξ J 2:20. τετρακόσιοι κ. πεντήκοντα Ac 13:20.—The καί in 2 Cor 13:1 ἐπὶ στόματος δύο μαρτύρων καὶ τριῶν σταθήσεται πᾶν ῥῆμα=‘or’ ([v.l. ἢ τριῶν for καὶ τριῶν as it reads Mt 18:16]; cp. Js 4:13 v.l. σήμερον καὶ αὔριον=‘today or tomorrow’, but s. above all Thu. 1, 82, 2; Pla., Phd. 63e; X., De Re Equ. 4, 4 ἁμάξας τέτταρας καὶ πέντε; Heraclides, Pol. 58 τρεῖς καὶ τέσσαρας; Polyb. 3, 51, 12 ἐπὶ δυεῖν καὶ τρισὶν ἡμέραις; 5, 90, 6; Diod S 34 + 35 Fgm. 2, 28 εἷς καὶ δύο=one or two; schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1091 p. 305, 22 W. τριέτης καὶ τετραέτης) by the statement of two or three witnesses every charge must be sustained, as explained by Dt 19:15.γ. adding the whole to the part and in general (Aristoph., Nub. 1239 τὸν Δία καὶ τοὺς θεούς; Thu. 1, 116, 3; 7, 65, 1) Πέτρος καὶ οἱ ἀπόστολοι Peter and the rest of the apostles Ac 5:29. οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς κ. τὸ συνέδριον ὅλον the high priest and all the rest of the council Mt 26:59. Vice versa, adding a (specially important) part to the whole and especially (πᾶς Ἰουδὰ καὶ Ἰερουσαλήμ 2 Ch 35:24; cp. 32, 33; 1 Macc 2:6) τοῖς μαθηταῖς κ. τῷ Πέτρῳ Mk 16:7. σὺν γυναιξὶ κ. Μαριάμ Ac 1:14.δ. The expr. connected by καί can be united in the form of a hendiadys (Alcaeus 117, 9f D.2 χρόνος καὶ καρπός=time of fruit; Soph., Aj. 144; 749; Polyb. 6, 9, 4; 6, 57, 5 ὑπεροχὴ καὶ δυναστεία=1, 2, 7; 5, 45, 1 ὑπεροχὴ τῆς δυναστείας; Diod S 5, 67, 3 πρὸς ἀνανέωσιν καὶ μνήμην=renewal of remembrance; 15, 63, 2 ἀνάγκη καὶ τύχη=compulsion of fate; 16, 93, 2 ἐπιβουλὴ κ. θάνατος=a fatal plot; Jos., Ant. 12, 98 μετὰ χαρᾶς κ. βοῆς=w. a joyful cry; 17, 82 ἀκρίβεια κ. φυλακή) ἐξίσταντο ἐπὶ τῇ συνέσει καὶ ταῖς ἀποκρίσεσιν αὐτοῦ they were amazed at his intelligent answers Lk 2:47. δώσω ὑμῖν στόμα κ. σοφίαν I will give you wise utterance 21:15. τροφὴ κ. εὐφροσύνη joy concerning (your) food Ac 14:17. ἐλπὶς κ. ἀνάστασις hope of a resurrection 23:6 (2 Macc 3:29 ἐλπὶς καὶ σωτηρία; s. OLagercrantz, ZNW 31, ’32, 86f; GBjörck, ConNeot 4, ’40, 1–4).ε. A colloquial feature is the coordination of two verbs, one of which should be a ptc. (s. B-D-F §471; Rob. 1135f) ἀποτολμᾷ κ. λέγει = ἀποτολμῶν λέγει he is so bold as to say Ro 10:20. ἔσκαψεν κ. ἐβάθυνεν (=βαθύνας) Lk 6:48. ἐκρύβη κ. ἐξῆλθεν (=ἐξελθών) J 8:59. Sim. χαίρων κ. βλέπων I am glad to see Col 2:5. Linking of subordinate clause and ptc. Μαριὰμ ὡς ἦλθεν … καὶ ἰδοῦσα J 11:32 v.l. Cp. παραλαβών … καὶ ἀνέβη Lk 9:28 v.l.ⓑ clauses and sentencesα. gener.: ἐν γαστρὶ ἕξει κ. τέξεται υἱόν Mt 1:23 (Is 7:14). εἰσῆλθον … κ. ἐδίδασκον Ac 5:21. διακαθαριεῖ τὴν ἅλωνα αὐτοῦ κ. συνάξει τὸν σῖτον Mt 3:12. κεκένωται ἡ πίστις καὶ κατήργηται ἡ ἐπαγγελία Ro 4:14 and very oft. Connecting two questions Mt 21:23, or quotations (e.g. Ac 1:20), and dialogue (Lk 21:8), or alternate possibilities (13:18).β. Another common feature is the practice, drawn fr. Hebrew or fr. the speech of everyday life, of using κ. as a connective where more discriminating usage would call for other particles: καὶ εἶδον καὶ (for ὅτι) σεισμὸς ἐγένετο Rv 6:12. καὶ ἤκουσεν ὁ βασιλεὺς … καὶ (for ὅτι) ἔλεγον and the king learned that they were saying Mk 6:14 (s. HLjungvik, ZNW 33, ’34, 90–92; on this JBlinzler, Philol. 96, ’43/44, 119–31). τέξεται υἱὸν καὶ καλέσεις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ (for οὗ τὸ ὄνομα καλ.) Mt 1:21; cp. Lk 6:6; 11:44. καλόν ἐστιν ἡμᾶς ὧδε εἶναι καὶ ποιήσωμεν σκηνάς Mk 9:5. Esp. freq. is the formula in historical narrative καὶ ἐγένετο … καὶ (like וַ … וַיְהִי) and it happened or came about … that Mt 9:10; Mk 2:15; Lk 5:1 v.l. (for ἐγένετο δὲ … καὶ; so also the text of 6:12), 12, 17; 14:1; 17:11 al. (Gen 7:10 al.; JosAs 11:1; 22:1). S. MJohannessohn, Das bibl. Καὶ ἐγένετο u. seine Geschichte, 1926 (fr. ZVS 35, 1925, 161–212); KBeyer, Semitische Syntax im NT I, 1 ’62, 29–62; Mlt-Turner 334f; ÉDelebecque, Études Grecques sur L’Évangile de Luc ’76, 123–65; JVoelz, The Language of the NT: ANRW II/25/2, 893–977, esp. 959–64.—As in popular speech, κ. is used in rapid succession Mt 14:9ff; Mk 1:12ff; Lk 18:32ff; J 2:13ff; 1 Cor 12:5f; Rv 6:12ff; 9:1ff. On this kind of colloquial speech, which joins independent clauses rather than subordinating one to the other (parataxis rather than hypotaxis) s. B-D-F §458; Rdm.2 p. 222; Rob. 426; Dssm., LO 105ff (LAE 129ff), w. many references and parallels fr. secular sources. This is a favorite, e.g., in Polyaenus 2, 3, 2–4; 2, 4, 3; 3, 9, 10; 3, 10, 2; 4, 6, 1; 7, 36 al.γ. It is also coordination rather than subordination when κ. connects an expr. of time with that which occurs in the time (Od. 5, 362; Hdt. 7, 217; Thu. 1, 50, 5; Pla., Symp. 220c; Aeschin. 3, 71 νὺξ ἐν μέσῳ καὶ παρῆμεν; s. B-D-F §442, 4; KBrugmann4-AThumb, Griechische Gramm. 1913, 640*): ἤγγικεν ἡ ὥρα κ. παραδίδοται the time has come when he is to be given up Mt 26:45. κ. ἐσταύρωσαν αὐτόν when they crucified him Mk 15:25. κ. ἀνέβη εἰς Ἰεροσόλυμα when he went up to Jerusalem J 2:13. κ. συντελέσω when I will make Hb 8:8 (Jer 38:31); cp. J 4:35; 7:33; Lk 19:43; 23:44; Ac 5:7.δ. καί introducing an apodosis is really due to Hebr./LXX infl. (B-D-F §442, 7; Abel §78a, 6 p. 341; Mlt-H. 422; KBeyer, Semitische Syntax im NT I, 1 ’62, 66–72; but not offensive to ears trained in good Gk.: s. Il. 1, 478; Hdt. 1, 79, 2; sim.Thu. 2, 93, 4 ὡς ἔδοξεν αὐτοῖς, καὶ ἐχώρουν εὐθύς; 8, 27, 5; Herm. Wr. 13, 1 …, καὶ ἔφης; Delebecque [s. above in β] 130–32) καὶ ὅτε ἐπλήσθησαν ἡμέραι ὀκτὼ …, κ. ἐκλήθη τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Lk 2:21; cp. Rv 3:20. Also κ. ἰδού in an apodosis Lk 7:12; Ac 1:10.ε. connecting negative and affirmative clauses Lk 3:14. οὔτε ἄντλημα ἔχεις κ. τὸ φρέαρ ἐστὶ βαθύ you have no bucket, and the well is deep J 4:11; cp. 3J 10 (οὔτε … καί Eur., Iph. Taur. 591f; Longus, Past. 1, 17; 4, 28; Aelian, NA 1, 57; 11, 9; Lucian, Dial. Meretr. 2, 4 οὔτε πάντα ἡ Λεσβία, Δωρί, πρὸς σὲ ἐψεύσατο καὶ σὺ τἀληθῆ ἀπήγγελκας Μυρτίῳ ‘It wasn’t all lies that Lesbia told you, Doris; and you certainly reported the truth to Myrtium’). After a negative clause, which influences the clause beginning w. καί: μήποτε καταπατήσουσιν … κ. στραφέντες ῥήξωσιν ὑμᾶς Mt 7:6; cp. 5:25; 10:38; 13:15 (Is 6:10); 27:64; Lk 12:58; 21:34; J 6:53; 12:40 (Is 6:10); Ac 28:27 (Is 6:10); 1 Th 3:5; Hb 12:15; Rv 16:15.ζ. to introduce a result that comes fr. what precedes: and then, and so Mt 5:15; 23:32; Mk 8:34; 2 Cor 11:9; Hb 3:19; 1J 3:19. καὶ ἔχομεν and so we have 2 Pt 1:19. Esp. after the impv., or expr. of an imperatival nature (Soph., Oed. Col. 1410ff θέσθε … καὶ … οἴσει, El. 1207; Sir 2:6; 3:17) δεῦτε ὀπίσω μου καὶ ποιήσω and then I will make Mt 4:19. εἰπὲ λόγῳ, κ. ἰαθήσεται ὁ παῖς μου speak the word, and then my servant will be cured Mt 8:8; Lk 7:7; cp. Mt 7:7; Mk 6:22; Lk 10:28; J 14:16; Js 4:7, 10; Rv 4:1.—καί introduces a short clause that confirms the existence of someth. that ought to be: ἵνα τέκνα θεοῦ κληθῶμεν, καὶ ἐσμέν that we should be called children of God; and so we really are (καλέω 1d) 1J 3:1 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 40 §161 they were to conquer Sardinia, καὶ κατέλαβον=and they really took it; 4, 127 §531 one day would decide [κρίνειν] the fate of Rome, καὶ ἐκρίθη).η. emphasizing a fact as surprising or unexpected or noteworthy: and yet, and in spite of that, nevertheless (Eur., Herc. Fur. 509; Philostrat., Her. 11 [II 184, 29 Kayser] ῥητορικώτατον καὶ δεινόν; Longus, Past. 4, 17 βουκόλος ἦν Ἀγχίσης καὶ ἔσχεν αὐτὸν Ἀφροδίτη) κ. σὺ ἔρχῃ πρὸς μέ; and yet you come to me? Mt 3:14; cp. 6:26; 10:29; Mk 12:12; J 1:5, 10; 3:11, 32; 5:40; 6:70; 7:28; 1 Cor 5:2; 2 Cor 6:9; Hb 3:9 (Ps 94:9); Rv 3:1. So also, connecting what is unexpected or otherw. noteworthy with an attempt of some kind (JBlomqvist, Das sogennante και adversativum ’79): but ζητεῖ κ. οὐχ εὑρίσκει but he finds none (no resting place) Mt 12:43. ἐπεθύμησαν ἰδεῖν κ. οὐχ εἶδαν but did not see (it) 13:17; cp. 26:60; Lk 13:7; 1 Th 2:18. Cp. GJs 18:3 (not pap). Perhaps Mk 5:20. Introducing a contrasting response καὶ ἀποδώσεις μοι Hv 2, 1, 3.θ. to introduce an abrupt question, which may often express wonder, ill-will, incredulity, etc. (B-D-F §442, 8. For older lit. exx. of this usage s. Kühner-G. II p. 247f; for later times EColwell, The Gk. of the Fourth Gospel ’31, 87f): κ. πόθεν μοι τοῦτο; how have I deserved this? Lk 1:43. κ. τίς; who then? Mk 10:26; Lk 10:29; J 9:36. καὶ τί γέγονεν ὅτι … ; how does it happen that … ? 14:22. καὶ πῶς σὺ λέγεις … ; how is it, then, that you say … J 14:9 v.l. W. a protasis εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼ λυπῶ ὑμᾶς, κ. τίς ὁ εὐφραίνων με; for if I make you sad, who then will cheer me up? 2 Cor 2:2 (cp. Ps.-Clem., Hom. 2, 43; 44 εἰ [ὁ θεὸς] ψεύδεται, καὶ τίς ἀληθεύει;). Thus Phil 1:22 is prob. to be punctuated as follows (s. ADebrunner, GGA 1926, 151): εἰ δὲ τὸ ζῆν ἐν σαρκί, τοῦτο μοι καρπὸς ἔργου, καὶ τί αἱρήσομαι; οὐ γνωρίζω but if living on here means further productive work, then which shall I choose? I really don’t know. καὶ πῶς αὐτοῦ υἱός ἐστιν; how, then, is he his son? Lk 20:44 (cp. Gen 39:9).ι. to introduce a parenthesis (Eur., Orest. 4, Hel. 393; X., Equ. 11, 2.—B-D-F §465, 1; Rob. 1182) κ. ἐκωλύθην ἄρχι τοῦ δεῦρο but so far I have been prevented Ro 1:13.ⓒ oft. explicative; i.e., a word or clause is connected by means of καί w. another word or clause, for the purpose of explaining what goes before it and so, that is, namely (PPetr II, 18 [1], 9 πληγὰς … καὶ πλείους=blows … indeed many of them.—Kühner-G. II 247; B-D-F §442, 9; Rob. 1181; Mlt-Turner 335) χάριν κ. ἀποστολήν grace, that is, the office of an apostle Ro 1:5. ἀπήγγειλαν πάντα καὶ τὰ τ. δαιμονιζομένων they told everything, namely what had happened to those who were possessed Mt 8:33. καὶ χάριν ἀντὶ χάριτος that is, grace upon grace J 1:16. Cp. 1 Cor 3:5; 15:38.—Mt 21:5.—Other explicative uses are καὶ οὗτος, καὶ τοῦτο, καὶ ταῦτα (the first and last are in earlier Gk.: Hdt., X. et al.; s. Kühner-G. I 647; II 247) and, also ascensive and indeed, and at that Ἰ. Χρ., καὶ τοῦτον ἐσταυρωμένον J. Chr., (and) indeed him on the cross 1 Cor 2:2. καὶ τοῦτο Ro 13:11; 1 Cor 6:6, 8; Eph 2:8. καὶ ταῦτα w. ptc. and to be sure Hb 11:12. See B-D-F §290, 5; 425, 1; 442, 9.—The ascensive force of καί is also plain in Ῥωμαῖον καὶ ἀκατάκριτον a Roman citizen, and uncondemned at that Ac 22:25. ἔρχεται ὥρα καὶ νῦν ἐστιν an hour is coming, indeed it is already here J 5:25. προσέθηκεν καὶ τοῦτο ἐπὶ πᾶσιν καὶ κατέκλεισεν τὸν Ἰωάννην ἐν φυλακῇ added this on top of everything else, namely to put John in prison Lk 3:20.ⓓ After πολύς and before a second adj. καί is pleonastic fr. the viewpoint of modern lang. (earlier Gk.: Hom. et al. [Kühner-G. II 252, 1]; cp. Cebes 1, 1 πολλὰ καὶ ἄλλα ἀναθήματα; 2, 3; B-D-F §442, 11) πολλὰ … κ. ἄλλα σημεῖα many other signs J 20:30 (cp. Jos., Ant. 3, 318). πολλὰ κ. βαρέα αἰτιώματα many severe charges Ac 25:7. πολλὰ … καὶ ἕτερα Lk 3:18 (cp. Himerius, Or. 40 [=Or. 6], 6 πολλὰ καὶ ἄλλα). πολλοὶ καὶ ἀνυπότακτοι Tit 1:10.ⓔ introducing someth. new, w. loose connection: Mt 4:23; 8:14, 23, 28; 9:1, 9, 27, 35; 10:1; 12:27; Mk 5:1, 21; Lk 8:26; J 1:19 and oft.ⓕ καί … καί both … and, not only …, but also (Synes., Dreams 10 p. 141b καὶ ἀπιστεῖν ἔξεστι καὶ πιστεύειν.—B-D-F §444, 3; Rob. 1182; Mlt-Turner 335) connecting single expressions Mt 10:28; Mk 4:41; Ro 11:33; Phil 2:13; 4:12. κ. ἐν ὀλίγῳ κ. ἐν μεγάλῳ Ac 26:29. κ. ἅπαξ κ. δίς (s. ἅπαξ 1) Phil 4:16; 1 Th 2:18. Connecting whole clauses or sentences: Mk 9:13; J 7:28; 9:37; 12:28; 1 Cor 1:22. Introducing contrasts: although … yet (Anthol. VII, 676 Δοῦλος Ἐπίκτητος γενόμην καὶ σῶμʼ ἀνάπηρος καὶ πενίην ῏Ιρος καὶ φίλος ἀθανάτοις ‘I was Epictetus, a slave; crippled in body and an Iros [a beggar in Hom., Od.] in poverty, but dear to the Immortals’) J 15:24; Ac 23:3. καὶ … κ. οὐ Lk 5:36; J 6:36. καὶ οὐ … καί 17:25; κ. … κ. now … now Mk 9:22. On τὲ … καί s. τέ 2c. Somet. w. ἤ q.v. 1aβ.—HCadbury, Superfluous καί in the Lord’s Prayer (i.e. Mt 6:12) and Elsewhere: Munera Studiosa (=WHatch Festschr.) ’46.② marker to indicate an additive relation that is not coordinate to connect clauses and sentences, also, likewise, funct. as an adv.ⓐ simply κ. τὴν ἄλλην the other one also Mt 5:39; cp. vs. 40; 6:21; 12:45; Mk 1:38; 2:26; 8:7 and oft. Freq. used w. pronouns κἀγώ (q.v.). καὶ σύ Mt 26:73. κ. ὑμεῖς 20:4, 7; Lk 21:31; J 7:47 and oft. κ. αὐτός (s. αὐτός 1f).ⓑ intensive: even Mt 5:46f; 10:30; Mk 1:27; Lk 10:17; J 14:9 v.l.; Ac 5:39; 22:28; Ro 9:24 (ἀλλὰ καί); 1 Cor 2:10; 2 Cor 1:8; Gal 2:17; Eph 5:12; Phlm 21; Hb 7:25; 1 Pt 4:19 (but s. d below); Jd 23; Hs 5, 2, 10; 7:1; ἔτι καὶ νῦν Dg 2:3. CBlackman, JBL 87, ’68, 203f would transl. Ro 3:26b: … even in the act of declaring righteous (cp. the gen. abs. Polemon Soph. B 14 Reader καὶ Δάτιδος ἀποπλέοντος=even though Datis was sailing away). In formulas expressing a wish: ὄφελον καί if only, would that Gal 5:12. In connection w. a comparative: κ. περισσότερον προφήτου one who is even more than a prophet Mt 11:9. κ. μείζονα ποιήσει J 14:12.ⓒ In sentences denoting a contrast καί appears in var. ways, somet. in both members of the comparison, and oft. pleonastically, to our way of thinking καθάπερ …, οὕτως καί as …, thus also 2 Cor 8:11. ὥσπερ …, οὕτως καί (Hyperid. 1, 2, 5–8) Ro 5:19; 11:30f; 1 Cor 11:12; 15:22; Gal 4:29. ὡς …, οὕτως καί Ro 5:15, 18. ὸ̔ν τρόπον …, οὕτως καί 2 Ti 3:8.—οὕτως καί thus also Ro 6:11. ὡσαύτως καί in the same way also 1 Cor 11:25. ὁμοίως καί (Jos., Bell. 2, 575) J 6:11; Jd 8. ὡς καί Ac 11:17; 1 Cor 7:7; 9:5. καθὼς καί Ro 15:7; 1 Cor 13:12; 2 Cor 1:14; Eph 4:17. καθάπερ καί Ro 4:6; 2 Cor 1:14.—καί can also stand alone in the second member w. the mng. so also, so. ὡς … καί Mt 6:10; Ac 7:51; Gal 1:9; Phil 1:20. καθὼς … καί Lk 6:31 v.l.; J 6:57; 13:15; 1 Cor 15:49.—οἷος …, τοιοῦτος καί 1 Cor 15:48. After a comp. ὅσῳ καί by so much also Hb 8:6. καί is found in both members of the comparison (s. Kühner-G. II 256; 2 Macc 2:10; 6:14) Ro 1:13; 1 Th 2:14. καθὼς καὶ … οὕτως καί Col 3:13 (cp. Hyperid. 1, 40, 20–25 ὥσπερ καὶ … οὕτω καί; 3, 38).ⓓ w. expressions that introduce cause or result, here also pleonastic to a considerable degree διὰ τοῦτο καί for this reason (also) Lk 11:49; J 12:18. διὸ καί Lk 1:35; Ac 10:29; Ro 4:22; Hb 13:12. εἰς τοῦτο καί 2 Cor 2:9. ὥστε καί 1 Pt 4:19 (but this pass. may well fit in b). ὅθεν καί Hb 7:25; 11:19.ⓔ after an interrogative (as Thu., X., et al.; s. Kühner-G. II 255. S. also B-D-F §442, 14) at all, still ἱνατί καὶ τ. γῆν καταργεῖ; Lk 13:7. τί καί; (Hyperid. 3, 14 τί καὶ ἀδικεῖ; what kind of wrong, then, is he committing?) τί καὶ ἐλπίζει; why does he still (need to) hope? Ro 8:24. v.l. τί καὶ βαπτίζονται; why are they baptized (at all)? 1 Cor 15:29; cp. vs. 30.ⓕ used w. a relative, it oft. gives greater independence to the foll. relative clause: Mk 3:14; Lk 10:30; J 11:2 v.l.; Ac 1:3, 11; 7:45; 10:39; 11:30; 12:4; 13:22; 28:10; Ro 9:24; 1 Cor 11:23; Gal 2:10; Col 1:29 al.ⓖ used pleonastically w. prep.α. μετά (BGU 412, 6 μετὰ καὶ τ. υἱοῦ) Phil 4:3.β. σύν (ins in PASA III 612; PFay 108; BGU 179, 19; 515, 17) 1 Cl 65:1.—Dssm., NB 93 (BS 265f).ⓗ w. double names ὁ καί who is also called … (the earliest ex. in a fragment of Ctesias: 688 Fgm. 15, 51 p. 469, 23 Jac. ῏Ωχος καὶ Δαρειαῖος [s. Hatch 141]; OGI 565; 574; 583; 589; 603; 604; 620; 623; 636; POxy 45; 46; 54; 101; 485; 1279; PFay 30; BGU 22, 25; 36, 4; Jos., Ant. 1, 240; 5, 85; 12, 285; 13, 320; 18, 35. Further material in WSchmid, Der Atticismus III 1893, 338; Dssm., B 181ff [BS 313–17]. Lit. in B-D-F §268, 1) Σαῦλος, ὁ καὶ Παῦλος Ac 13:9. Ἰγνάτιος, ὁ καὶ Θεοφόρος ins of all the letters of Ign.ⓘ with other particlesα. καὶ γάρ for (s. γάρ 1b).—καὶ γὰρ … ἀλλά (or granted that … but) 2 Cor 13:4; Phil 2:27.—καὶ γὰρ οὐ(κ): neither 1 Cor 11:9; for even … not 2 Cor 3:10.β. καί γε (without intervening word [opp. earlier Gk, e.g. Pla., Phd. 58d; Rep. 7, 531a]: Hippocr., Septim. 9, VII 450 Littré; Cornutus p. 40, 12; Περὶ ὕψους 13, 2; Rhetor Apsines [III A.D.] p. 332, 17 Hammer; TestReub 4:4 al.; for גָּם always in Theod. [DBarthélemy, Les devanciers d’Aquila ’63, 31ff]), weakened force: (if) only or at least Lk 19:42 v.l.; intensive: indeed (Jos. Ant 29, 19) Ac 2:18 (J 3:2 v.l.; Mel., P. 30, 207); Hm 8:5; 9:9. καί γε οὐ μακράν= and indeed God is not far Ac 17:27.—Kühner-G. II 176b; Schwyzer II 561; B-D-F §439, 2; Rdm.2 35–37.γ. καὶ … δέ and also, but also (s. δέ 5b).δ. καίτοι (Il. 13, 267 et al., ins, pap; 4 Macc 2:6; 5:18; 7:13; Ath. 8, 1 al.; Mel., P. 58, 422) particle (B-D-F §425, 1; 450, 3; Rob. 1129 and 1154) w. finite verb (Chion, Ep. 3, 1; Jos. Ant. 5, 78) yet, on the other hand Ac 14:17. W. gen. abs. foll. (BGU 850, 4 [76 A.D.] καίτοι ἐμοῦ σε πολλὰ ἐρωτήσαντος; 898, 26; Philo, Vi. Mos. 1, 20; Jos., Ant. 2, 321; Ath. 19, 2; 25, 2) Hb 4:3.—καίτοι γε or καί τοι γε (since Aristoph., Ach. 611; but esp. in later Gk. [cp. Schwyzer II 561; MMeister, De Aiocho dial., Breslau diss. 1915 p. 31, 5]; Ps.-Pla., Axioch. 364b; Jos., Bell. 1, 7, Ant. 5, 36; Epict. 3, 24, 90; Just., A II, 11, 2; D. 7, 3; Ath. 3, 1; 22, 7; SIG 685, 76 and 82 [139 B.C.]) although J 4:2; Ac 14:17 v.l.; Dg 8:3. W. part. foll. (Jos., C. Ap. 1, 230; Mel., P. 58, 422) AcPt Ox 849, 18.—Kühner-G. II 151f; B-D-F §439, 1; 450, 3.—For ἀλλὰ κ., δὲ και, ἐὰν κ., εἰ κ., ἢ κ. s. ἀλλά, δέ, ἐάν, εἰ, ἤ.—ERobson, KAI-Configurations in the Gk. NT, 3 vols. diss. Syracuse ’79. LfgrE s.v. καί col. 1273f (lit.). DELG. M-M. EDNT.
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