-
1 B
B, b, indecl. n., designates, in the Latin alphabet, the soft, labial sound as in English, unlike the Gr. beta (B, b), which approached the Engl. v in sound; v. Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 124 sqq. At the beginning of words it represents an original dv or gv, and elsewhere an original gv, p, v, or bh ( v); v. Corss. Ausspr. I. pp. 134, 161. It corresponds regularly with Gr. b, but freq. also with p, and, in the middle of words, with ph; cf. brevis, brachus; ab, apo; carbasus, karpasos; ambo, amphi, amphô; nubes, nephos, etc.; v. Roby, Gram. I. p. 26; Kühner, Gram. § 34, 6. In Latin, as in all kindred languages, it was used in forming words to express the cry of different animals, as balare, barrire, baubari, blacterare, boare, bombitare, bubere, bubulare; children beginning to talk called their drink bua; so, balbus denoted the stammering sound, bambalio the stuttering, blatire and blaterare the babbling, blaesus the lisping, blandus the caressing. At the beginning of words b is found with no consonants except l and r (for bdellium, instead of which Marc. Emp. also wrote bdella, is a foreign word); but in the middle of words it is connected with other liquid and feeble consonants. Before hard consonants b is found only in compounds with ob and sub, the only prepositions, besides ab, which end in a labial sound; and these freq. rejected the labial, even when they are separated by the insertion of s, as abspello and absporto pass into aspello and asporto; or the place of the labial is supplied by u, as in aufero and aufugio (cf. ab init. and au); before f and p it is assimilated, as suffero, suppono; before m assimilated or not, as summergo or submergo; before c sometimes assimilated, as succedo, succingo, sometimes taking the form sus (as if from subs; cf. abs), as suscenseo; and sometimes su before s followed by a consonant, as suspicor. When b belonged to the root of a word it seems to have been retained, as plebs from plebis, urbs from urbis, etc.; so in Arabs, chalybs ( = Araps, chalups), the Gr. ps was represented by bs; as also in absis, absinthi-um, etc. But in scripsi from scribo, nupsi from nubo, etc., b was changed to p, though some grammarians still wrote bs in these words; cf. Prisc. pp. 556, 557 P.; Vel. Long. pp. 2224, 2261 ib. Of the liquids, l and r stand either before or after b, but m only before it, with the exception of abmatertera, parallel with the equally anomalous abpatruus (cf. ab init. and fin.), and n only after it; hence con and in before b always become com and im; as inversely b before n is sometimes changed to m, as Samnium for Sabinium and scamnum for scabnum, whence the dim. scabellum. B is so readily joined with u that not only acubus, arcubus, etc., were written for acibus, arcibus, etc., but also contubernium was formed from taberna, and bubile was used for bovile, as also in dubius ( = doios, duo) a b was inserted. B could be doubled, as appears not only from the foreign words abbas and sabbatum, but also from obba and gibba, and the compounds with ob and sub. B is reduplicated in bibo (cf the Gr. piô), as the shortness of the first syllable in the preterit bĭbi, compared with dēdi and stĕti or sti/ti, shows; although later bibo was treated as a primitive, and the supine bibitum formed from it. Sometimes before b an m was inserted, e. g. in cumbo for cubo kuptô, lambo for laptô, nimbus for nephos; inversely, also, it was rejected in sabucus for sambucus and labdacismus for lambdacismus. As in the middle, so at the beginning of words, b might take the place of another labial, e. g. buxis for pyxis, balaena for phalaina, carbatina for carpatina, publicus from poplicus, ambo for amphô; as even Enn. wrote Burrus and Bruges for Pyrrhus and Phryges; Naev., Balantium for Palatium (v. the latter words, and cf. Fest. p. 26).—In a later age, but not often before A.D. 300, intercourse with the Greeks caused the pronunciation of the b and v to be so similar that Adamantius Martyrius in Cassiod. pp. 2295-2310 P., drew up a separate catalogue of words which might be written with either b or v. So, Petronius has berbex for verbex, and in inscrr., but not often before A. D. 300, such errors as bixit for vixit, abe for ave, ababus for abavus, etc. (as inversely vene, devitum, acervus, vasis instead of bene, debitum, acerbus, basis), are found; Flabio, Jubentius, for Flavio, Juventius, are rare cases from the second century after Christ.—The interchange between labials, palatals, and linguals (as glans for balanos, bilis for fel or cholê) is rare at the beginning of words, but more freq. in the middle; cf. tabeo, têkô, and Sanscr. tak, terebra and teretron, uber and outhar; besides which the change of tribus Sucusana into Suburana (Varr. L. L. 5, § 48 Müll.; Quint. 1, 7, 29) deserves consideration. This interchange is most freq. in terminations used in forming words, as ber, cer, ter; brum or bulum, crum or culum, trum, bundus and cundus; bilis and tilis, etc.—Finally, the interchange of b with du at the beginning of words deserves special mention, as duonus for bonus, Bellona for Duellona, bellum for duellum, bellicus for duellicus, etc., and bis from duis.—As an abbreviation, B usually designates bonus or bene. Thus, B. D. = Bona Dea, Inscr. Orell. 1524; 2427; 2822:B. M. = bene merenti,
ib. 99; 114; 506:B. M. P. = bene merenti posuit,
ib. 255:B. D. S. M. = bene de se meritae,
ib. 2437:B. V. V. = bene vale valeque,
ib. 4816:B. M. = bonae memoriae,
ib. 1136; 3385:B. M. = bonā mente,
ib. 5033;sometimes it stands for beneficiarius, and BB. beneficiarii,
ib. 3489; 3868; 3486 al. -
2 b
B, b, indecl. n., designates, in the Latin alphabet, the soft, labial sound as in English, unlike the Gr. beta (B, b), which approached the Engl. v in sound; v. Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 124 sqq. At the beginning of words it represents an original dv or gv, and elsewhere an original gv, p, v, or bh ( v); v. Corss. Ausspr. I. pp. 134, 161. It corresponds regularly with Gr. b, but freq. also with p, and, in the middle of words, with ph; cf. brevis, brachus; ab, apo; carbasus, karpasos; ambo, amphi, amphô; nubes, nephos, etc.; v. Roby, Gram. I. p. 26; Kühner, Gram. § 34, 6. In Latin, as in all kindred languages, it was used in forming words to express the cry of different animals, as balare, barrire, baubari, blacterare, boare, bombitare, bubere, bubulare; children beginning to talk called their drink bua; so, balbus denoted the stammering sound, bambalio the stuttering, blatire and blaterare the babbling, blaesus the lisping, blandus the caressing. At the beginning of words b is found with no consonants except l and r (for bdellium, instead of which Marc. Emp. also wrote bdella, is a foreign word); but in the middle of words it is connected with other liquid and feeble consonants. Before hard consonants b is found only in compounds with ob and sub, the only prepositions, besides ab, which end in a labial sound; and these freq. rejected the labial, even when they are separated by the insertion of s, as abspello and absporto pass into aspello and asporto; or the place of the labial is supplied by u, as in aufero and aufugio (cf. ab init. and au); before f and p it is assimilated, as suffero, suppono; before m assimilated or not, as summergo or submergo; before c sometimes assimilated, as succedo, succingo, sometimes taking the form sus (as if from subs; cf. abs), as suscenseo; and sometimes su before s followed by a consonant, as suspicor. When b belonged to the root of a word it seems to have been retained, as plebs from plebis, urbs from urbis, etc.; so in Arabs, chalybs ( = Araps, chalups), the Gr. ps was represented by bs; as also in absis, absinthi-um, etc. But in scripsi from scribo, nupsi from nubo, etc., b was changed to p, though some grammarians still wrote bs in these words; cf. Prisc. pp. 556, 557 P.; Vel. Long. pp. 2224, 2261 ib. Of the liquids, l and r stand either before or after b, but m only before it, with the exception of abmatertera, parallel with the equally anomalous abpatruus (cf. ab init. and fin.), and n only after it; hence con and in before b always become com and im; as inversely b before n is sometimes changed to m, as Samnium for Sabinium and scamnum for scabnum, whence the dim. scabellum. B is so readily joined with u that not only acubus, arcubus, etc., were written for acibus, arcibus, etc., but also contubernium was formed from taberna, and bubile was used for bovile, as also in dubius ( = doios, duo) a b was inserted. B could be doubled, as appears not only from the foreign words abbas and sabbatum, but also from obba and gibba, and the compounds with ob and sub. B is reduplicated in bibo (cf the Gr. piô), as the shortness of the first syllable in the preterit bĭbi, compared with dēdi and stĕti or sti/ti, shows; although later bibo was treated as a primitive, and the supine bibitum formed from it. Sometimes before b an m was inserted, e. g. in cumbo for cubo kuptô, lambo for laptô, nimbus for nephos; inversely, also, it was rejected in sabucus for sambucus and labdacismus for lambdacismus. As in the middle, so at the beginning of words, b might take the place of another labial, e. g. buxis for pyxis, balaena for phalaina, carbatina for carpatina, publicus from poplicus, ambo for amphô; as even Enn. wrote Burrus and Bruges for Pyrrhus and Phryges; Naev., Balantium for Palatium (v. the latter words, and cf. Fest. p. 26).—In a later age, but not often before A.D. 300, intercourse with the Greeks caused the pronunciation of the b and v to be so similar that Adamantius Martyrius in Cassiod. pp. 2295-2310 P., drew up a separate catalogue of words which might be written with either b or v. So, Petronius has berbex for verbex, and in inscrr., but not often before A. D. 300, such errors as bixit for vixit, abe for ave, ababus for abavus, etc. (as inversely vene, devitum, acervus, vasis instead of bene, debitum, acerbus, basis), are found; Flabio, Jubentius, for Flavio, Juventius, are rare cases from the second century after Christ.—The interchange between labials, palatals, and linguals (as glans for balanos, bilis for fel or cholê) is rare at the beginning of words, but more freq. in the middle; cf. tabeo, têkô, and Sanscr. tak, terebra and teretron, uber and outhar; besides which the change of tribus Sucusana into Suburana (Varr. L. L. 5, § 48 Müll.; Quint. 1, 7, 29) deserves consideration. This interchange is most freq. in terminations used in forming words, as ber, cer, ter; brum or bulum, crum or culum, trum, bundus and cundus; bilis and tilis, etc.—Finally, the interchange of b with du at the beginning of words deserves special mention, as duonus for bonus, Bellona for Duellona, bellum for duellum, bellicus for duellicus, etc., and bis from duis.—As an abbreviation, B usually designates bonus or bene. Thus, B. D. = Bona Dea, Inscr. Orell. 1524; 2427; 2822:B. M. = bene merenti,
ib. 99; 114; 506:B. M. P. = bene merenti posuit,
ib. 255:B. D. S. M. = bene de se meritae,
ib. 2437:B. V. V. = bene vale valeque,
ib. 4816:B. M. = bonae memoriae,
ib. 1136; 3385:B. M. = bonā mente,
ib. 5033;sometimes it stands for beneficiarius, and BB. beneficiarii,
ib. 3489; 3868; 3486 al. -
3 C
C, c, n. indecl., or f., the third letter of the Latin alphabet; corresponded originally in sound to the Greek G (which in inscrr., esp. in the Doric, was frequently written like the Latin C; v. O. Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 295); hence the old orthography: LECIONES, MACISTRATOS, EXFOCIONT, [pu]CNANDOD, PVC[nad], CARTACINIENSI, upon the Columna rostrata, for legiones, magistratos, effugiunt, pugnando, pugnā, Carthaginiensi; and the prænomina Gaius and Gnaeus, even to the latest times, were designated by C. and Cn., while Caeso or Kaeso was written with K; cf. the letter G. Still, even as early as the time of the kings, whether through the influence of the Tuscans, among whom G sounded like K, or of the. Sabines, whose language was kindred with that of the Tuscans, the C seems to have been substituted for K; hence even Consul was designated by Cos., and K remained in use only before a, as in Kalendae; k. k. for calumniae causā, INTERKAL for intercalaris, MERK for mercatus, and in a few other republican inscrr., because by this vowel K was distinguished from Q, as in Gr. Kappa from Koppa, and in Phœnician Caph from Cuph, while C was employed like other consonants with e. Q was used at the beginning of words only when u, pronounced like v, followed, as Quirites from Cures, Tanaquil from Thanchufil, Thanchfil, ThankWil; accordingly, C everywhere took the place of Q, when that accompanying labial sound was lost, or u was used as a vowel; so in the gentile name of Maecenas Cilnius, from the Etrusk. Cvelne or Cfelne (O. Müll. Etrusk. 1, p. 414 sq.); so in coctus, cocus, alicubi, sicubi; in relicŭŭs (four syl.) for reliquus (trisyl.): AECETIA = AEQITIA, i. q. aequitas (V. AECETIA), etc., and as in the Golden Age cujus was written for quojus, and cui for quoi (corresponding to cum for quom); thus, even in the most ancient period, quor or cur was used together with [p. 257] quare, cura with quaero, curia with Quiris, as inversely inquilinus with incola, and in S. C. Bacch. OQVOLTOD = occulto. Hence, at the end of words que, as well as ce in hic, sic, istic, illic, was changed to c, as in ac for atque, nec for neque, nunc, tunc, donec for numque, tumque, dumque; and in the middle of words it might also pass into g. as in negotium and neglego, cf. necopinus. Since C thus gradually took the place of K and Q, with the single exception that our kw was throughout designated by qu, it was strange that under the emperors grammarians began again to write k instead of c before a, though even Quint. 1, 7, 10, expressed his displeasure at this; and they afterwards wrote q before u, even when no labial sound followed, as in pequnia, or merely peqnia, for pecunia; cf. the letters Q and U. About the beginning of the sixth century of the city the modified form G was introduced for the flat guttural sound, and C thenceforth regularly represented the hard sound = our K. The use of aspirates was unknown to the Romans during the first six centuries, hence the letter C also represents the Gr. X, as BACA and BACANALIBVS, for Baccha and Bacchanalibus (the single C instead of the double, as regularly in the most ancient times); cf. also schizô with scindo, and poluchroos with pulcer. But even in the time of Cicero scheda came into use for scida, and pulcher for pulcer; so also the name of the Gracchi was aspirated, as were the name Cethegus and the word triumphus, which, however, in the song of the Arval brothers, is TRIVMPVS; cf. Cic. Or. 48, 160, and the letter P. About this time the use of aspirates became so common, in imitation of Greek, that Catullus wrote upon it an epigram (84), which begins with the words: Cho mmoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet; and in Monum. Ancyr. inchoo is used for the orig. incoho, acc. to which the ancient Romans also employed cohors for chors (v. cohors).On account of the near relationship of c and g, as given above, they are very often interchanged, esp. when connected with liquids: Cygnus, Progne, Gnidus, Gnossus, from kuknos, Proknê, Knidos, Knôssos (even when n was separated from c by a vowel, as in Saguntum for Zakunthos, or absorbed by an s, as in vigesimus and trigesimus for vicensimus and tricensimus); mulgeo for mulceo, segmen from seco, gummi for commi (kommi); gurgulio for curculio, grabatus for krabatos, so that amurca was also written for amurga, from amorgê, as inversely conger for gonger, from gongros; but also with other letters; cf. mastruca and mastruga, misceo and misgô, mugio and mukaomai, gobius and kôbios, gubernator and kubernêtês. Not less freq. is the interchange of c and t, which is noticed by Quint. Inst. 1, 11, 5, and in accordance with which, in composition, d or t before qu, except with que, became c, as acquiro, nequicquam, iccirco for idcirco, ecquis for etquis, etc. Hence is explained the rejection of c before t, as in Lutatius for Luctatius, and the arbitrariness with which many names were written with cc or tt for ct, as Vettones for Vectones; Nacca or Natta for Nacta (from the Gr. gnaptô). It would be erroneouś to infer, from the varied orthography of the names' Accius, Attius, and Actius, or Peccius, Pettius, and Pectius, a hissing pronunciation of them; for as the Romans interchange the terminations icius and itius, and the orthography fetialis and fecialis, indutiae and induciae, with one another, they also wrote Basculi or Bastuli, anclare or antlare, etc. Ci for ti does not appear till an African inscr. of the third century after Christ, and not often before Gallic inscrr. and documents of the seventh century; ti for ci is not certainly found before the end of the fourth century; and ci before a vowel does not appear to have been pronounced as sh, except provincially, before the sixth or seventh century; cf. Roby, Gr. bk. 1, ch. 7; and so in gen., Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 33 sqq. C is sometimes interchanged with p: columba, palumbes; coquus, popa, popina (cf. in Gr. koteros; Sanscr. katara; poteros; Lat. uter). C is sometimes dropped in the middle of a word: luna for luc-na, lumen for luc-men; so also at the beginning of a word: uter for cuter; Sanscr. katara, v. supra.As an abbreviation, C designates Gaius, and reversed, O, Gaia; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 28. As a numeral, C = centum, and upon voting tablets = condemno, Ascon. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. the letter A fin.;hence it is called littera tristis (opp. A = absolvo, which is called littera salutaris),
Cic. Mil. 6, 15 Moeb. -
4 c
C, c, n. indecl., or f., the third letter of the Latin alphabet; corresponded originally in sound to the Greek G (which in inscrr., esp. in the Doric, was frequently written like the Latin C; v. O. Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 295); hence the old orthography: LECIONES, MACISTRATOS, EXFOCIONT, [pu]CNANDOD, PVC[nad], CARTACINIENSI, upon the Columna rostrata, for legiones, magistratos, effugiunt, pugnando, pugnā, Carthaginiensi; and the prænomina Gaius and Gnaeus, even to the latest times, were designated by C. and Cn., while Caeso or Kaeso was written with K; cf. the letter G. Still, even as early as the time of the kings, whether through the influence of the Tuscans, among whom G sounded like K, or of the. Sabines, whose language was kindred with that of the Tuscans, the C seems to have been substituted for K; hence even Consul was designated by Cos., and K remained in use only before a, as in Kalendae; k. k. for calumniae causā, INTERKAL for intercalaris, MERK for mercatus, and in a few other republican inscrr., because by this vowel K was distinguished from Q, as in Gr. Kappa from Koppa, and in Phœnician Caph from Cuph, while C was employed like other consonants with e. Q was used at the beginning of words only when u, pronounced like v, followed, as Quirites from Cures, Tanaquil from Thanchufil, Thanchfil, ThankWil; accordingly, C everywhere took the place of Q, when that accompanying labial sound was lost, or u was used as a vowel; so in the gentile name of Maecenas Cilnius, from the Etrusk. Cvelne or Cfelne (O. Müll. Etrusk. 1, p. 414 sq.); so in coctus, cocus, alicubi, sicubi; in relicŭŭs (four syl.) for reliquus (trisyl.): AECETIA = AEQITIA, i. q. aequitas (V. AECETIA), etc., and as in the Golden Age cujus was written for quojus, and cui for quoi (corresponding to cum for quom); thus, even in the most ancient period, quor or cur was used together with [p. 257] quare, cura with quaero, curia with Quiris, as inversely inquilinus with incola, and in S. C. Bacch. OQVOLTOD = occulto. Hence, at the end of words que, as well as ce in hic, sic, istic, illic, was changed to c, as in ac for atque, nec for neque, nunc, tunc, donec for numque, tumque, dumque; and in the middle of words it might also pass into g. as in negotium and neglego, cf. necopinus. Since C thus gradually took the place of K and Q, with the single exception that our kw was throughout designated by qu, it was strange that under the emperors grammarians began again to write k instead of c before a, though even Quint. 1, 7, 10, expressed his displeasure at this; and they afterwards wrote q before u, even when no labial sound followed, as in pequnia, or merely peqnia, for pecunia; cf. the letters Q and U. About the beginning of the sixth century of the city the modified form G was introduced for the flat guttural sound, and C thenceforth regularly represented the hard sound = our K. The use of aspirates was unknown to the Romans during the first six centuries, hence the letter C also represents the Gr. X, as BACA and BACANALIBVS, for Baccha and Bacchanalibus (the single C instead of the double, as regularly in the most ancient times); cf. also schizô with scindo, and poluchroos with pulcer. But even in the time of Cicero scheda came into use for scida, and pulcher for pulcer; so also the name of the Gracchi was aspirated, as were the name Cethegus and the word triumphus, which, however, in the song of the Arval brothers, is TRIVMPVS; cf. Cic. Or. 48, 160, and the letter P. About this time the use of aspirates became so common, in imitation of Greek, that Catullus wrote upon it an epigram (84), which begins with the words: Cho mmoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet; and in Monum. Ancyr. inchoo is used for the orig. incoho, acc. to which the ancient Romans also employed cohors for chors (v. cohors).On account of the near relationship of c and g, as given above, they are very often interchanged, esp. when connected with liquids: Cygnus, Progne, Gnidus, Gnossus, from kuknos, Proknê, Knidos, Knôssos (even when n was separated from c by a vowel, as in Saguntum for Zakunthos, or absorbed by an s, as in vigesimus and trigesimus for vicensimus and tricensimus); mulgeo for mulceo, segmen from seco, gummi for commi (kommi); gurgulio for curculio, grabatus for krabatos, so that amurca was also written for amurga, from amorgê, as inversely conger for gonger, from gongros; but also with other letters; cf. mastruca and mastruga, misceo and misgô, mugio and mukaomai, gobius and kôbios, gubernator and kubernêtês. Not less freq. is the interchange of c and t, which is noticed by Quint. Inst. 1, 11, 5, and in accordance with which, in composition, d or t before qu, except with que, became c, as acquiro, nequicquam, iccirco for idcirco, ecquis for etquis, etc. Hence is explained the rejection of c before t, as in Lutatius for Luctatius, and the arbitrariness with which many names were written with cc or tt for ct, as Vettones for Vectones; Nacca or Natta for Nacta (from the Gr. gnaptô). It would be erroneouś to infer, from the varied orthography of the names' Accius, Attius, and Actius, or Peccius, Pettius, and Pectius, a hissing pronunciation of them; for as the Romans interchange the terminations icius and itius, and the orthography fetialis and fecialis, indutiae and induciae, with one another, they also wrote Basculi or Bastuli, anclare or antlare, etc. Ci for ti does not appear till an African inscr. of the third century after Christ, and not often before Gallic inscrr. and documents of the seventh century; ti for ci is not certainly found before the end of the fourth century; and ci before a vowel does not appear to have been pronounced as sh, except provincially, before the sixth or seventh century; cf. Roby, Gr. bk. 1, ch. 7; and so in gen., Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 33 sqq. C is sometimes interchanged with p: columba, palumbes; coquus, popa, popina (cf. in Gr. koteros; Sanscr. katara; poteros; Lat. uter). C is sometimes dropped in the middle of a word: luna for luc-na, lumen for luc-men; so also at the beginning of a word: uter for cuter; Sanscr. katara, v. supra.As an abbreviation, C designates Gaius, and reversed, O, Gaia; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 28. As a numeral, C = centum, and upon voting tablets = condemno, Ascon. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. the letter A fin.;hence it is called littera tristis (opp. A = absolvo, which is called littera salutaris),
Cic. Mil. 6, 15 Moeb. -
5 adsimilo
as-sĭmŭlo ( adsĭmŭlo, Ritschl, Lachmann, Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Halm in Tac.; assĭmŭlo, Merk.; adsĭmĭlo, Halm in Quint., Tisch.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.I.Lit., to make one thing like another, to consider as similar, to compare (in the class. period rare):II.Linquitur, ut totis animalibus adsimulentur,
that they are like complete animals, Lucr. 2, 914:nolite ergo adsimulari iis,
be like them, Vulg. Matt. 6, 8; 7, 24:simile ex specie comparabili aut ex conferundā atque adsimulandā naturā judicatur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42:pictor, perceptā semel imitandi ratione, adsimulabit quidquid acceperit,
Quint. 7, 10, 9:nec cohibere parietibus deos neque in ullam humani oris speciem adsimulare,
Tac. G. 9:convivia assimulare freto,
Ov. M. 5, 6:formam totius Britanniae bipenni adsimulavere,
Tac. Agr. 10; so id. A. 1, 28; 15, 39:os longius illi adsimulat porcum,
Claud. Eid. 2, 6:cui adsimilāstis me,
Vulg. Isa. 46, 5; ib. Marc. 4, 30:quam (naturam) Gadareus primus adsimulāsse aptissime visus est,
to have designated by very suitable comparisons, Suet. Tib. 57. —To represent something that is not, as real, to imitate, counterfeit, to pretend, to feign, simulate; constr. usu. with acc.; ante - class. with inf., acc. and inf., or with quasi; v. assimilis (mostly poet. or in post - Aug. prose).(α).With acc.:(β).has bene ut adsimules nuptias,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 141:clipeumque jubasque Divini adsimulat capitis,
Verg. A. 10, 639:Assimulavit anum,
Ov. M. 14, 656:odium cum conjuge falsum Phasias assimulat,
id. ib. 7, 298:fictos timores,
Sil. 7, 136:sermonem humanum,
Plin. 8, 30, 44, § 106:me sic adsimulabam, quasi stolidum,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 40:se laetum,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 15:amicum me,
id. Phorm. 1, 2, 78.—With simple inf.: furere adsimulavit, Pac. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 26, 98:(γ).amare,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 98.—With acc. and inf.:(δ).ego me adsimulem insanire,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 79:adsimulet se Tuam esse uxorem,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 195:Nempe ut adsimulem me amore istius differri,
id. ib. 4, 4, 27; id. Poen. 3, 1, 57; id. Truc. 2, 4, 36; 2, 5, 11; 2, 5, 19:venire me adsimulabo,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 20; id. Phorm. 5, 6, 53 al.—With quasi:► The much-discussed question, whether adsimilo or adsimulo is the best orthog.adsimulato quasi hominem quaesiveris,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 11: Ad. Ita nos adsimulabimus. Co. Sed ita adsimulatote, quasi ego sim peregrinus, id. Poen. 3, 2, 23; id. Stich. 1, 2, 27:adsimulabo quasi nunc exeam,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 8.—And absol.:Obsecro, Quid si adsimulo, satin est?
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 33.—(cf. Gron. Diatr. Stat. c. 6, p. 72 sq., and Hand ad h. l.; Quint. 7, 10, 9 Spald.; id. 10, 2, 11 Frotscher; Suet. Tib. 57 Bremi; Tac. G. 9 Passow; id. Agr. 10 Walch; Bessel, Misc. Phil. Crit. 1, 5 al.), is perh. solved in the foll. remarks: Such is the affinity of the sound of ŭ and ĭ in Lat., that when they stand in two successive syllables, separated by the semivowel l, the u is accommodated to the i. Thus, from consŭl arises consĭlĭum; from exsŭl, exsĭlĭum; from famŭl, famĭlĭa; so the terminations ĭlis and ŭlus, not ŭlis and ĭlus (these few, mutĭlus, nubĭlus, pumĭlus, [p. 181] rutĭlus, appear to be founded in the u of the first syllable; but for the heteroclites gracila, sterila, etc., a nom. sing. gracilus, sterilus, etc., is no more needed than for Bacchanal orum, a nom. Bacchanalium, and for carioras, Manil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 MSS., a form cariorus, a, um); and so it is also explained, that from the orig. facul and difficul arose faculter, facultas; difficulter, difficultas; not facŭlis, facŭliter, facŭlītas; difficŭlis, difficŭlĭter, difficŭlĭtas; but facilis, faciliter, facilitas; difficilis, difficiliter, difficilitas. This principle, applied to the derivatives of simul, shows the correctness of the orthography simulo, simulatio, simulator, with similis, similitudo, similitas; adsimulo, adsimulatio, adsimulator, with adsimilis; dissimulo, dissimulatio, dissimulator, with dissimilis and dissimilitudo, etc.; cf. Diom. p. 362 P.: Similo non dicimus, sed similis est. Sane dixerunt auctores simulat per u, hoc est homoiazei. But since the copyists knew that the more rare signif. of making like was not generically connected in the words simulare and adsimulare with the more usual one of imitating, dissembling, they wrote, where the former was required, sim i lo, adsim i lo, and gave occasion thereby to the entirely unfounded supposition that the ancients wrote, for the signif. making like, similo, adsimilo; for that of imitating, feigning, simulo, adsimulo Fr.—Hence, assĭmŭlātus ( ads-), a, um, P. a.A.Made similar, similar, like:B.totis mortalibus adsimulata Ipsa quoque ex aliis debent constare elementis,
Lucr. 2, 980:montibus adsimulata Nubila,
id. 6, 189:litterae lituraeque omnes adsimulatae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77:Italia folio querno adsimulata,
Plin. 3, 5, 6, § 43:phloginos ochrae Atticae adsimulata,
id. 37, 10, 66, § 179:favillae adsimilatus,
Vulg. Job, 30, 19:adsimilatus Filio Dei,
ib. Heb. 7, 3.—Imitated, i. e. feigned, pretended, dissembled:familiaritas adsimulata,
Cic. Clu. 13:virtus,
id. Cael. 6, 14:adsimulatā castrorum consuetudine,
Nep. Eum. 9, 4:alia vera, alia adsimulata,
Liv. 26, 19:minus sanguinis ac virium declamationes habent quam orationes, quod in illis vera, in his adsimilata materia est,
Quint. 10, 2, 12; 9, 2, 31 al.— Comp., sup., and adv. not in use.—* assĭmŭlanter ( ads-), adv. (qs. from the P. a. assimulans, which is not found), in a similar manner: dicta haec, Nigid. ap. Non. p. 40, 25. ‡ * assĭpondĭum, ii, n. [as-pondus], the weight of one as, a pound weight, Varr. L. L. 5, § 169 Müll. -
6 adsimulatus
as-sĭmŭlo ( adsĭmŭlo, Ritschl, Lachmann, Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Halm in Tac.; assĭmŭlo, Merk.; adsĭmĭlo, Halm in Quint., Tisch.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.I.Lit., to make one thing like another, to consider as similar, to compare (in the class. period rare):II.Linquitur, ut totis animalibus adsimulentur,
that they are like complete animals, Lucr. 2, 914:nolite ergo adsimulari iis,
be like them, Vulg. Matt. 6, 8; 7, 24:simile ex specie comparabili aut ex conferundā atque adsimulandā naturā judicatur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42:pictor, perceptā semel imitandi ratione, adsimulabit quidquid acceperit,
Quint. 7, 10, 9:nec cohibere parietibus deos neque in ullam humani oris speciem adsimulare,
Tac. G. 9:convivia assimulare freto,
Ov. M. 5, 6:formam totius Britanniae bipenni adsimulavere,
Tac. Agr. 10; so id. A. 1, 28; 15, 39:os longius illi adsimulat porcum,
Claud. Eid. 2, 6:cui adsimilāstis me,
Vulg. Isa. 46, 5; ib. Marc. 4, 30:quam (naturam) Gadareus primus adsimulāsse aptissime visus est,
to have designated by very suitable comparisons, Suet. Tib. 57. —To represent something that is not, as real, to imitate, counterfeit, to pretend, to feign, simulate; constr. usu. with acc.; ante - class. with inf., acc. and inf., or with quasi; v. assimilis (mostly poet. or in post - Aug. prose).(α).With acc.:(β).has bene ut adsimules nuptias,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 141:clipeumque jubasque Divini adsimulat capitis,
Verg. A. 10, 639:Assimulavit anum,
Ov. M. 14, 656:odium cum conjuge falsum Phasias assimulat,
id. ib. 7, 298:fictos timores,
Sil. 7, 136:sermonem humanum,
Plin. 8, 30, 44, § 106:me sic adsimulabam, quasi stolidum,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 40:se laetum,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 15:amicum me,
id. Phorm. 1, 2, 78.—With simple inf.: furere adsimulavit, Pac. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 26, 98:(γ).amare,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 98.—With acc. and inf.:(δ).ego me adsimulem insanire,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 79:adsimulet se Tuam esse uxorem,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 195:Nempe ut adsimulem me amore istius differri,
id. ib. 4, 4, 27; id. Poen. 3, 1, 57; id. Truc. 2, 4, 36; 2, 5, 11; 2, 5, 19:venire me adsimulabo,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 20; id. Phorm. 5, 6, 53 al.—With quasi:► The much-discussed question, whether adsimilo or adsimulo is the best orthog.adsimulato quasi hominem quaesiveris,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 11: Ad. Ita nos adsimulabimus. Co. Sed ita adsimulatote, quasi ego sim peregrinus, id. Poen. 3, 2, 23; id. Stich. 1, 2, 27:adsimulabo quasi nunc exeam,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 8.—And absol.:Obsecro, Quid si adsimulo, satin est?
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 33.—(cf. Gron. Diatr. Stat. c. 6, p. 72 sq., and Hand ad h. l.; Quint. 7, 10, 9 Spald.; id. 10, 2, 11 Frotscher; Suet. Tib. 57 Bremi; Tac. G. 9 Passow; id. Agr. 10 Walch; Bessel, Misc. Phil. Crit. 1, 5 al.), is perh. solved in the foll. remarks: Such is the affinity of the sound of ŭ and ĭ in Lat., that when they stand in two successive syllables, separated by the semivowel l, the u is accommodated to the i. Thus, from consŭl arises consĭlĭum; from exsŭl, exsĭlĭum; from famŭl, famĭlĭa; so the terminations ĭlis and ŭlus, not ŭlis and ĭlus (these few, mutĭlus, nubĭlus, pumĭlus, [p. 181] rutĭlus, appear to be founded in the u of the first syllable; but for the heteroclites gracila, sterila, etc., a nom. sing. gracilus, sterilus, etc., is no more needed than for Bacchanal orum, a nom. Bacchanalium, and for carioras, Manil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 MSS., a form cariorus, a, um); and so it is also explained, that from the orig. facul and difficul arose faculter, facultas; difficulter, difficultas; not facŭlis, facŭliter, facŭlītas; difficŭlis, difficŭlĭter, difficŭlĭtas; but facilis, faciliter, facilitas; difficilis, difficiliter, difficilitas. This principle, applied to the derivatives of simul, shows the correctness of the orthography simulo, simulatio, simulator, with similis, similitudo, similitas; adsimulo, adsimulatio, adsimulator, with adsimilis; dissimulo, dissimulatio, dissimulator, with dissimilis and dissimilitudo, etc.; cf. Diom. p. 362 P.: Similo non dicimus, sed similis est. Sane dixerunt auctores simulat per u, hoc est homoiazei. But since the copyists knew that the more rare signif. of making like was not generically connected in the words simulare and adsimulare with the more usual one of imitating, dissembling, they wrote, where the former was required, sim i lo, adsim i lo, and gave occasion thereby to the entirely unfounded supposition that the ancients wrote, for the signif. making like, similo, adsimilo; for that of imitating, feigning, simulo, adsimulo Fr.—Hence, assĭmŭlātus ( ads-), a, um, P. a.A.Made similar, similar, like:B.totis mortalibus adsimulata Ipsa quoque ex aliis debent constare elementis,
Lucr. 2, 980:montibus adsimulata Nubila,
id. 6, 189:litterae lituraeque omnes adsimulatae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77:Italia folio querno adsimulata,
Plin. 3, 5, 6, § 43:phloginos ochrae Atticae adsimulata,
id. 37, 10, 66, § 179:favillae adsimilatus,
Vulg. Job, 30, 19:adsimilatus Filio Dei,
ib. Heb. 7, 3.—Imitated, i. e. feigned, pretended, dissembled:familiaritas adsimulata,
Cic. Clu. 13:virtus,
id. Cael. 6, 14:adsimulatā castrorum consuetudine,
Nep. Eum. 9, 4:alia vera, alia adsimulata,
Liv. 26, 19:minus sanguinis ac virium declamationes habent quam orationes, quod in illis vera, in his adsimilata materia est,
Quint. 10, 2, 12; 9, 2, 31 al.— Comp., sup., and adv. not in use.—* assĭmŭlanter ( ads-), adv. (qs. from the P. a. assimulans, which is not found), in a similar manner: dicta haec, Nigid. ap. Non. p. 40, 25. ‡ * assĭpondĭum, ii, n. [as-pondus], the weight of one as, a pound weight, Varr. L. L. 5, § 169 Müll. -
7 adsimulo
as-sĭmŭlo ( adsĭmŭlo, Ritschl, Lachmann, Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Halm in Tac.; assĭmŭlo, Merk.; adsĭmĭlo, Halm in Quint., Tisch.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.I.Lit., to make one thing like another, to consider as similar, to compare (in the class. period rare):II.Linquitur, ut totis animalibus adsimulentur,
that they are like complete animals, Lucr. 2, 914:nolite ergo adsimulari iis,
be like them, Vulg. Matt. 6, 8; 7, 24:simile ex specie comparabili aut ex conferundā atque adsimulandā naturā judicatur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42:pictor, perceptā semel imitandi ratione, adsimulabit quidquid acceperit,
Quint. 7, 10, 9:nec cohibere parietibus deos neque in ullam humani oris speciem adsimulare,
Tac. G. 9:convivia assimulare freto,
Ov. M. 5, 6:formam totius Britanniae bipenni adsimulavere,
Tac. Agr. 10; so id. A. 1, 28; 15, 39:os longius illi adsimulat porcum,
Claud. Eid. 2, 6:cui adsimilāstis me,
Vulg. Isa. 46, 5; ib. Marc. 4, 30:quam (naturam) Gadareus primus adsimulāsse aptissime visus est,
to have designated by very suitable comparisons, Suet. Tib. 57. —To represent something that is not, as real, to imitate, counterfeit, to pretend, to feign, simulate; constr. usu. with acc.; ante - class. with inf., acc. and inf., or with quasi; v. assimilis (mostly poet. or in post - Aug. prose).(α).With acc.:(β).has bene ut adsimules nuptias,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 141:clipeumque jubasque Divini adsimulat capitis,
Verg. A. 10, 639:Assimulavit anum,
Ov. M. 14, 656:odium cum conjuge falsum Phasias assimulat,
id. ib. 7, 298:fictos timores,
Sil. 7, 136:sermonem humanum,
Plin. 8, 30, 44, § 106:me sic adsimulabam, quasi stolidum,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 40:se laetum,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 15:amicum me,
id. Phorm. 1, 2, 78.—With simple inf.: furere adsimulavit, Pac. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 26, 98:(γ).amare,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 98.—With acc. and inf.:(δ).ego me adsimulem insanire,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 79:adsimulet se Tuam esse uxorem,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 195:Nempe ut adsimulem me amore istius differri,
id. ib. 4, 4, 27; id. Poen. 3, 1, 57; id. Truc. 2, 4, 36; 2, 5, 11; 2, 5, 19:venire me adsimulabo,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 20; id. Phorm. 5, 6, 53 al.—With quasi:► The much-discussed question, whether adsimilo or adsimulo is the best orthog.adsimulato quasi hominem quaesiveris,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 11: Ad. Ita nos adsimulabimus. Co. Sed ita adsimulatote, quasi ego sim peregrinus, id. Poen. 3, 2, 23; id. Stich. 1, 2, 27:adsimulabo quasi nunc exeam,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 8.—And absol.:Obsecro, Quid si adsimulo, satin est?
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 33.—(cf. Gron. Diatr. Stat. c. 6, p. 72 sq., and Hand ad h. l.; Quint. 7, 10, 9 Spald.; id. 10, 2, 11 Frotscher; Suet. Tib. 57 Bremi; Tac. G. 9 Passow; id. Agr. 10 Walch; Bessel, Misc. Phil. Crit. 1, 5 al.), is perh. solved in the foll. remarks: Such is the affinity of the sound of ŭ and ĭ in Lat., that when they stand in two successive syllables, separated by the semivowel l, the u is accommodated to the i. Thus, from consŭl arises consĭlĭum; from exsŭl, exsĭlĭum; from famŭl, famĭlĭa; so the terminations ĭlis and ŭlus, not ŭlis and ĭlus (these few, mutĭlus, nubĭlus, pumĭlus, [p. 181] rutĭlus, appear to be founded in the u of the first syllable; but for the heteroclites gracila, sterila, etc., a nom. sing. gracilus, sterilus, etc., is no more needed than for Bacchanal orum, a nom. Bacchanalium, and for carioras, Manil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 MSS., a form cariorus, a, um); and so it is also explained, that from the orig. facul and difficul arose faculter, facultas; difficulter, difficultas; not facŭlis, facŭliter, facŭlītas; difficŭlis, difficŭlĭter, difficŭlĭtas; but facilis, faciliter, facilitas; difficilis, difficiliter, difficilitas. This principle, applied to the derivatives of simul, shows the correctness of the orthography simulo, simulatio, simulator, with similis, similitudo, similitas; adsimulo, adsimulatio, adsimulator, with adsimilis; dissimulo, dissimulatio, dissimulator, with dissimilis and dissimilitudo, etc.; cf. Diom. p. 362 P.: Similo non dicimus, sed similis est. Sane dixerunt auctores simulat per u, hoc est homoiazei. But since the copyists knew that the more rare signif. of making like was not generically connected in the words simulare and adsimulare with the more usual one of imitating, dissembling, they wrote, where the former was required, sim i lo, adsim i lo, and gave occasion thereby to the entirely unfounded supposition that the ancients wrote, for the signif. making like, similo, adsimilo; for that of imitating, feigning, simulo, adsimulo Fr.—Hence, assĭmŭlātus ( ads-), a, um, P. a.A.Made similar, similar, like:B.totis mortalibus adsimulata Ipsa quoque ex aliis debent constare elementis,
Lucr. 2, 980:montibus adsimulata Nubila,
id. 6, 189:litterae lituraeque omnes adsimulatae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77:Italia folio querno adsimulata,
Plin. 3, 5, 6, § 43:phloginos ochrae Atticae adsimulata,
id. 37, 10, 66, § 179:favillae adsimilatus,
Vulg. Job, 30, 19:adsimilatus Filio Dei,
ib. Heb. 7, 3.—Imitated, i. e. feigned, pretended, dissembled:familiaritas adsimulata,
Cic. Clu. 13:virtus,
id. Cael. 6, 14:adsimulatā castrorum consuetudine,
Nep. Eum. 9, 4:alia vera, alia adsimulata,
Liv. 26, 19:minus sanguinis ac virium declamationes habent quam orationes, quod in illis vera, in his adsimilata materia est,
Quint. 10, 2, 12; 9, 2, 31 al.— Comp., sup., and adv. not in use.—* assĭmŭlanter ( ads-), adv. (qs. from the P. a. assimulans, which is not found), in a similar manner: dicta haec, Nigid. ap. Non. p. 40, 25. ‡ * assĭpondĭum, ii, n. [as-pondus], the weight of one as, a pound weight, Varr. L. L. 5, § 169 Müll. -
8 assimulatus
as-sĭmŭlo ( adsĭmŭlo, Ritschl, Lachmann, Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Halm in Tac.; assĭmŭlo, Merk.; adsĭmĭlo, Halm in Quint., Tisch.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.I.Lit., to make one thing like another, to consider as similar, to compare (in the class. period rare):II.Linquitur, ut totis animalibus adsimulentur,
that they are like complete animals, Lucr. 2, 914:nolite ergo adsimulari iis,
be like them, Vulg. Matt. 6, 8; 7, 24:simile ex specie comparabili aut ex conferundā atque adsimulandā naturā judicatur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42:pictor, perceptā semel imitandi ratione, adsimulabit quidquid acceperit,
Quint. 7, 10, 9:nec cohibere parietibus deos neque in ullam humani oris speciem adsimulare,
Tac. G. 9:convivia assimulare freto,
Ov. M. 5, 6:formam totius Britanniae bipenni adsimulavere,
Tac. Agr. 10; so id. A. 1, 28; 15, 39:os longius illi adsimulat porcum,
Claud. Eid. 2, 6:cui adsimilāstis me,
Vulg. Isa. 46, 5; ib. Marc. 4, 30:quam (naturam) Gadareus primus adsimulāsse aptissime visus est,
to have designated by very suitable comparisons, Suet. Tib. 57. —To represent something that is not, as real, to imitate, counterfeit, to pretend, to feign, simulate; constr. usu. with acc.; ante - class. with inf., acc. and inf., or with quasi; v. assimilis (mostly poet. or in post - Aug. prose).(α).With acc.:(β).has bene ut adsimules nuptias,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 141:clipeumque jubasque Divini adsimulat capitis,
Verg. A. 10, 639:Assimulavit anum,
Ov. M. 14, 656:odium cum conjuge falsum Phasias assimulat,
id. ib. 7, 298:fictos timores,
Sil. 7, 136:sermonem humanum,
Plin. 8, 30, 44, § 106:me sic adsimulabam, quasi stolidum,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 40:se laetum,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 15:amicum me,
id. Phorm. 1, 2, 78.—With simple inf.: furere adsimulavit, Pac. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 26, 98:(γ).amare,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 98.—With acc. and inf.:(δ).ego me adsimulem insanire,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 79:adsimulet se Tuam esse uxorem,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 195:Nempe ut adsimulem me amore istius differri,
id. ib. 4, 4, 27; id. Poen. 3, 1, 57; id. Truc. 2, 4, 36; 2, 5, 11; 2, 5, 19:venire me adsimulabo,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 20; id. Phorm. 5, 6, 53 al.—With quasi:► The much-discussed question, whether adsimilo or adsimulo is the best orthog.adsimulato quasi hominem quaesiveris,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 11: Ad. Ita nos adsimulabimus. Co. Sed ita adsimulatote, quasi ego sim peregrinus, id. Poen. 3, 2, 23; id. Stich. 1, 2, 27:adsimulabo quasi nunc exeam,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 8.—And absol.:Obsecro, Quid si adsimulo, satin est?
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 33.—(cf. Gron. Diatr. Stat. c. 6, p. 72 sq., and Hand ad h. l.; Quint. 7, 10, 9 Spald.; id. 10, 2, 11 Frotscher; Suet. Tib. 57 Bremi; Tac. G. 9 Passow; id. Agr. 10 Walch; Bessel, Misc. Phil. Crit. 1, 5 al.), is perh. solved in the foll. remarks: Such is the affinity of the sound of ŭ and ĭ in Lat., that when they stand in two successive syllables, separated by the semivowel l, the u is accommodated to the i. Thus, from consŭl arises consĭlĭum; from exsŭl, exsĭlĭum; from famŭl, famĭlĭa; so the terminations ĭlis and ŭlus, not ŭlis and ĭlus (these few, mutĭlus, nubĭlus, pumĭlus, [p. 181] rutĭlus, appear to be founded in the u of the first syllable; but for the heteroclites gracila, sterila, etc., a nom. sing. gracilus, sterilus, etc., is no more needed than for Bacchanal orum, a nom. Bacchanalium, and for carioras, Manil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 MSS., a form cariorus, a, um); and so it is also explained, that from the orig. facul and difficul arose faculter, facultas; difficulter, difficultas; not facŭlis, facŭliter, facŭlītas; difficŭlis, difficŭlĭter, difficŭlĭtas; but facilis, faciliter, facilitas; difficilis, difficiliter, difficilitas. This principle, applied to the derivatives of simul, shows the correctness of the orthography simulo, simulatio, simulator, with similis, similitudo, similitas; adsimulo, adsimulatio, adsimulator, with adsimilis; dissimulo, dissimulatio, dissimulator, with dissimilis and dissimilitudo, etc.; cf. Diom. p. 362 P.: Similo non dicimus, sed similis est. Sane dixerunt auctores simulat per u, hoc est homoiazei. But since the copyists knew that the more rare signif. of making like was not generically connected in the words simulare and adsimulare with the more usual one of imitating, dissembling, they wrote, where the former was required, sim i lo, adsim i lo, and gave occasion thereby to the entirely unfounded supposition that the ancients wrote, for the signif. making like, similo, adsimilo; for that of imitating, feigning, simulo, adsimulo Fr.—Hence, assĭmŭlātus ( ads-), a, um, P. a.A.Made similar, similar, like:B.totis mortalibus adsimulata Ipsa quoque ex aliis debent constare elementis,
Lucr. 2, 980:montibus adsimulata Nubila,
id. 6, 189:litterae lituraeque omnes adsimulatae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77:Italia folio querno adsimulata,
Plin. 3, 5, 6, § 43:phloginos ochrae Atticae adsimulata,
id. 37, 10, 66, § 179:favillae adsimilatus,
Vulg. Job, 30, 19:adsimilatus Filio Dei,
ib. Heb. 7, 3.—Imitated, i. e. feigned, pretended, dissembled:familiaritas adsimulata,
Cic. Clu. 13:virtus,
id. Cael. 6, 14:adsimulatā castrorum consuetudine,
Nep. Eum. 9, 4:alia vera, alia adsimulata,
Liv. 26, 19:minus sanguinis ac virium declamationes habent quam orationes, quod in illis vera, in his adsimilata materia est,
Quint. 10, 2, 12; 9, 2, 31 al.— Comp., sup., and adv. not in use.—* assĭmŭlanter ( ads-), adv. (qs. from the P. a. assimulans, which is not found), in a similar manner: dicta haec, Nigid. ap. Non. p. 40, 25. ‡ * assĭpondĭum, ii, n. [as-pondus], the weight of one as, a pound weight, Varr. L. L. 5, § 169 Müll. -
9 assimulo
as-sĭmŭlo ( adsĭmŭlo, Ritschl, Lachmann, Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Halm in Tac.; assĭmŭlo, Merk.; adsĭmĭlo, Halm in Quint., Tisch.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.I.Lit., to make one thing like another, to consider as similar, to compare (in the class. period rare):II.Linquitur, ut totis animalibus adsimulentur,
that they are like complete animals, Lucr. 2, 914:nolite ergo adsimulari iis,
be like them, Vulg. Matt. 6, 8; 7, 24:simile ex specie comparabili aut ex conferundā atque adsimulandā naturā judicatur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42:pictor, perceptā semel imitandi ratione, adsimulabit quidquid acceperit,
Quint. 7, 10, 9:nec cohibere parietibus deos neque in ullam humani oris speciem adsimulare,
Tac. G. 9:convivia assimulare freto,
Ov. M. 5, 6:formam totius Britanniae bipenni adsimulavere,
Tac. Agr. 10; so id. A. 1, 28; 15, 39:os longius illi adsimulat porcum,
Claud. Eid. 2, 6:cui adsimilāstis me,
Vulg. Isa. 46, 5; ib. Marc. 4, 30:quam (naturam) Gadareus primus adsimulāsse aptissime visus est,
to have designated by very suitable comparisons, Suet. Tib. 57. —To represent something that is not, as real, to imitate, counterfeit, to pretend, to feign, simulate; constr. usu. with acc.; ante - class. with inf., acc. and inf., or with quasi; v. assimilis (mostly poet. or in post - Aug. prose).(α).With acc.:(β).has bene ut adsimules nuptias,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 141:clipeumque jubasque Divini adsimulat capitis,
Verg. A. 10, 639:Assimulavit anum,
Ov. M. 14, 656:odium cum conjuge falsum Phasias assimulat,
id. ib. 7, 298:fictos timores,
Sil. 7, 136:sermonem humanum,
Plin. 8, 30, 44, § 106:me sic adsimulabam, quasi stolidum,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 40:se laetum,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 15:amicum me,
id. Phorm. 1, 2, 78.—With simple inf.: furere adsimulavit, Pac. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 26, 98:(γ).amare,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 98.—With acc. and inf.:(δ).ego me adsimulem insanire,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 79:adsimulet se Tuam esse uxorem,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 195:Nempe ut adsimulem me amore istius differri,
id. ib. 4, 4, 27; id. Poen. 3, 1, 57; id. Truc. 2, 4, 36; 2, 5, 11; 2, 5, 19:venire me adsimulabo,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 20; id. Phorm. 5, 6, 53 al.—With quasi:► The much-discussed question, whether adsimilo or adsimulo is the best orthog.adsimulato quasi hominem quaesiveris,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 11: Ad. Ita nos adsimulabimus. Co. Sed ita adsimulatote, quasi ego sim peregrinus, id. Poen. 3, 2, 23; id. Stich. 1, 2, 27:adsimulabo quasi nunc exeam,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 8.—And absol.:Obsecro, Quid si adsimulo, satin est?
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 33.—(cf. Gron. Diatr. Stat. c. 6, p. 72 sq., and Hand ad h. l.; Quint. 7, 10, 9 Spald.; id. 10, 2, 11 Frotscher; Suet. Tib. 57 Bremi; Tac. G. 9 Passow; id. Agr. 10 Walch; Bessel, Misc. Phil. Crit. 1, 5 al.), is perh. solved in the foll. remarks: Such is the affinity of the sound of ŭ and ĭ in Lat., that when they stand in two successive syllables, separated by the semivowel l, the u is accommodated to the i. Thus, from consŭl arises consĭlĭum; from exsŭl, exsĭlĭum; from famŭl, famĭlĭa; so the terminations ĭlis and ŭlus, not ŭlis and ĭlus (these few, mutĭlus, nubĭlus, pumĭlus, [p. 181] rutĭlus, appear to be founded in the u of the first syllable; but for the heteroclites gracila, sterila, etc., a nom. sing. gracilus, sterilus, etc., is no more needed than for Bacchanal orum, a nom. Bacchanalium, and for carioras, Manil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 MSS., a form cariorus, a, um); and so it is also explained, that from the orig. facul and difficul arose faculter, facultas; difficulter, difficultas; not facŭlis, facŭliter, facŭlītas; difficŭlis, difficŭlĭter, difficŭlĭtas; but facilis, faciliter, facilitas; difficilis, difficiliter, difficilitas. This principle, applied to the derivatives of simul, shows the correctness of the orthography simulo, simulatio, simulator, with similis, similitudo, similitas; adsimulo, adsimulatio, adsimulator, with adsimilis; dissimulo, dissimulatio, dissimulator, with dissimilis and dissimilitudo, etc.; cf. Diom. p. 362 P.: Similo non dicimus, sed similis est. Sane dixerunt auctores simulat per u, hoc est homoiazei. But since the copyists knew that the more rare signif. of making like was not generically connected in the words simulare and adsimulare with the more usual one of imitating, dissembling, they wrote, where the former was required, sim i lo, adsim i lo, and gave occasion thereby to the entirely unfounded supposition that the ancients wrote, for the signif. making like, similo, adsimilo; for that of imitating, feigning, simulo, adsimulo Fr.—Hence, assĭmŭlātus ( ads-), a, um, P. a.A.Made similar, similar, like:B.totis mortalibus adsimulata Ipsa quoque ex aliis debent constare elementis,
Lucr. 2, 980:montibus adsimulata Nubila,
id. 6, 189:litterae lituraeque omnes adsimulatae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77:Italia folio querno adsimulata,
Plin. 3, 5, 6, § 43:phloginos ochrae Atticae adsimulata,
id. 37, 10, 66, § 179:favillae adsimilatus,
Vulg. Job, 30, 19:adsimilatus Filio Dei,
ib. Heb. 7, 3.—Imitated, i. e. feigned, pretended, dissembled:familiaritas adsimulata,
Cic. Clu. 13:virtus,
id. Cael. 6, 14:adsimulatā castrorum consuetudine,
Nep. Eum. 9, 4:alia vera, alia adsimulata,
Liv. 26, 19:minus sanguinis ac virium declamationes habent quam orationes, quod in illis vera, in his adsimilata materia est,
Quint. 10, 2, 12; 9, 2, 31 al.— Comp., sup., and adv. not in use.—* assĭmŭlanter ( ads-), adv. (qs. from the P. a. assimulans, which is not found), in a similar manner: dicta haec, Nigid. ap. Non. p. 40, 25. ‡ * assĭpondĭum, ii, n. [as-pondus], the weight of one as, a pound weight, Varr. L. L. 5, § 169 Müll. -
10 assipondium
as-sĭmŭlo ( adsĭmŭlo, Ritschl, Lachmann, Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Halm in Tac.; assĭmŭlo, Merk.; adsĭmĭlo, Halm in Quint., Tisch.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.I.Lit., to make one thing like another, to consider as similar, to compare (in the class. period rare):II.Linquitur, ut totis animalibus adsimulentur,
that they are like complete animals, Lucr. 2, 914:nolite ergo adsimulari iis,
be like them, Vulg. Matt. 6, 8; 7, 24:simile ex specie comparabili aut ex conferundā atque adsimulandā naturā judicatur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42:pictor, perceptā semel imitandi ratione, adsimulabit quidquid acceperit,
Quint. 7, 10, 9:nec cohibere parietibus deos neque in ullam humani oris speciem adsimulare,
Tac. G. 9:convivia assimulare freto,
Ov. M. 5, 6:formam totius Britanniae bipenni adsimulavere,
Tac. Agr. 10; so id. A. 1, 28; 15, 39:os longius illi adsimulat porcum,
Claud. Eid. 2, 6:cui adsimilāstis me,
Vulg. Isa. 46, 5; ib. Marc. 4, 30:quam (naturam) Gadareus primus adsimulāsse aptissime visus est,
to have designated by very suitable comparisons, Suet. Tib. 57. —To represent something that is not, as real, to imitate, counterfeit, to pretend, to feign, simulate; constr. usu. with acc.; ante - class. with inf., acc. and inf., or with quasi; v. assimilis (mostly poet. or in post - Aug. prose).(α).With acc.:(β).has bene ut adsimules nuptias,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 141:clipeumque jubasque Divini adsimulat capitis,
Verg. A. 10, 639:Assimulavit anum,
Ov. M. 14, 656:odium cum conjuge falsum Phasias assimulat,
id. ib. 7, 298:fictos timores,
Sil. 7, 136:sermonem humanum,
Plin. 8, 30, 44, § 106:me sic adsimulabam, quasi stolidum,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 40:se laetum,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 15:amicum me,
id. Phorm. 1, 2, 78.—With simple inf.: furere adsimulavit, Pac. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 26, 98:(γ).amare,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 98.—With acc. and inf.:(δ).ego me adsimulem insanire,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 79:adsimulet se Tuam esse uxorem,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 195:Nempe ut adsimulem me amore istius differri,
id. ib. 4, 4, 27; id. Poen. 3, 1, 57; id. Truc. 2, 4, 36; 2, 5, 11; 2, 5, 19:venire me adsimulabo,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 20; id. Phorm. 5, 6, 53 al.—With quasi:► The much-discussed question, whether adsimilo or adsimulo is the best orthog.adsimulato quasi hominem quaesiveris,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 11: Ad. Ita nos adsimulabimus. Co. Sed ita adsimulatote, quasi ego sim peregrinus, id. Poen. 3, 2, 23; id. Stich. 1, 2, 27:adsimulabo quasi nunc exeam,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 8.—And absol.:Obsecro, Quid si adsimulo, satin est?
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 33.—(cf. Gron. Diatr. Stat. c. 6, p. 72 sq., and Hand ad h. l.; Quint. 7, 10, 9 Spald.; id. 10, 2, 11 Frotscher; Suet. Tib. 57 Bremi; Tac. G. 9 Passow; id. Agr. 10 Walch; Bessel, Misc. Phil. Crit. 1, 5 al.), is perh. solved in the foll. remarks: Such is the affinity of the sound of ŭ and ĭ in Lat., that when they stand in two successive syllables, separated by the semivowel l, the u is accommodated to the i. Thus, from consŭl arises consĭlĭum; from exsŭl, exsĭlĭum; from famŭl, famĭlĭa; so the terminations ĭlis and ŭlus, not ŭlis and ĭlus (these few, mutĭlus, nubĭlus, pumĭlus, [p. 181] rutĭlus, appear to be founded in the u of the first syllable; but for the heteroclites gracila, sterila, etc., a nom. sing. gracilus, sterilus, etc., is no more needed than for Bacchanal orum, a nom. Bacchanalium, and for carioras, Manil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 MSS., a form cariorus, a, um); and so it is also explained, that from the orig. facul and difficul arose faculter, facultas; difficulter, difficultas; not facŭlis, facŭliter, facŭlītas; difficŭlis, difficŭlĭter, difficŭlĭtas; but facilis, faciliter, facilitas; difficilis, difficiliter, difficilitas. This principle, applied to the derivatives of simul, shows the correctness of the orthography simulo, simulatio, simulator, with similis, similitudo, similitas; adsimulo, adsimulatio, adsimulator, with adsimilis; dissimulo, dissimulatio, dissimulator, with dissimilis and dissimilitudo, etc.; cf. Diom. p. 362 P.: Similo non dicimus, sed similis est. Sane dixerunt auctores simulat per u, hoc est homoiazei. But since the copyists knew that the more rare signif. of making like was not generically connected in the words simulare and adsimulare with the more usual one of imitating, dissembling, they wrote, where the former was required, sim i lo, adsim i lo, and gave occasion thereby to the entirely unfounded supposition that the ancients wrote, for the signif. making like, similo, adsimilo; for that of imitating, feigning, simulo, adsimulo Fr.—Hence, assĭmŭlātus ( ads-), a, um, P. a.A.Made similar, similar, like:B.totis mortalibus adsimulata Ipsa quoque ex aliis debent constare elementis,
Lucr. 2, 980:montibus adsimulata Nubila,
id. 6, 189:litterae lituraeque omnes adsimulatae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77:Italia folio querno adsimulata,
Plin. 3, 5, 6, § 43:phloginos ochrae Atticae adsimulata,
id. 37, 10, 66, § 179:favillae adsimilatus,
Vulg. Job, 30, 19:adsimilatus Filio Dei,
ib. Heb. 7, 3.—Imitated, i. e. feigned, pretended, dissembled:familiaritas adsimulata,
Cic. Clu. 13:virtus,
id. Cael. 6, 14:adsimulatā castrorum consuetudine,
Nep. Eum. 9, 4:alia vera, alia adsimulata,
Liv. 26, 19:minus sanguinis ac virium declamationes habent quam orationes, quod in illis vera, in his adsimilata materia est,
Quint. 10, 2, 12; 9, 2, 31 al.— Comp., sup., and adv. not in use.—* assĭmŭlanter ( ads-), adv. (qs. from the P. a. assimulans, which is not found), in a similar manner: dicta haec, Nigid. ap. Non. p. 40, 25. ‡ * assĭpondĭum, ii, n. [as-pondus], the weight of one as, a pound weight, Varr. L. L. 5, § 169 Müll. -
11 Acadēmīa
Acadēmīa ae, f the gymnasium near Athens, where Plato taught. — Meton., the doctrines of Plato, the Academic philosophy; the philosophers of the Academy; a place near Puteoli, where Cicero wrote the Academica; Cicero's villa at Tusculum; a treatise on the Academic philosophy, the Academica.* * *academy, university; gymnasium where Plato taught; school built by Cicero -
12 īn-flō
īn-flō āvī, ātus, āre, to blow into, blow, inflate, swell: simul inflavit tibicen: paulo inflavit vehementius, i. e. wrote in a loftier style: calamos levīs, V.: (bucina) cecinit inflata receptūs, O.: pellem, Ph.: illis ambas Iratus buccas, puff out his cheeks at them, H.: tumidoque inflatur carbasus Austro, is swelled, V.: Inflatus venas Iaccho, V.—To produce by blowing, blow: sonum.—To make loud by blowing: verba inflata, uttered with violent breath: a quibus (modis) aliquid extenuatur, inflatur, is pitched low or high.—Fig., to inspire, encourage, elate: poetam divino spiritu inflari: spectator sedulus inflat (poetam), H.: mendaciis spem regis, L.—To puff up, inflate: animos ad superbiam, L.: Crescentem tumidis sermonibus utrem, H. -
13 successor
successor ōris, m [succedo], a follower, successor: coniunctissimus: successorem sibi cum exercitu mitterent, i. e. should supersede him as governor, L.: quo successore (Philoctete) sagittae Herculis utuntur, i. e. inheritor, O.: Successore novo vincitur omnis amor, by a new favorite, O.: Successor fuit hic tibi, i. e. wrote after you, O.* * * -
14 anticato
-
15 Scripsit
• He/she wrote it -
16 academia
ăcădēmī̆a, ae, f., = akadêmeia, and less correctly akadêmia, the Academy, a gymnasium about six stadia from Athens, named after the hero Academos or Echedemos (cf. Plut. Thes. 31), celebrated as the place where Plato taught; whence his scholars were called Academici, and his doctrine Philosophia Academica, in distinction from Stoica, Cynica, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 21, 98; id. Or. 3, 12; id. Fin. 5, 1, 1 al.—II.Meton.A.For The philosophy of the Academy:B.instaret academia, quae quidquid dixisses, id te ipsum scire negaret,
Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 43; id. Off. 3, 4, 20 al.:Academia vetus,
id. Ac. 1, 4, 18; id. Fin. 5, 8, 21:recens,
id. Leg. 1, 13, 39; cf.recentior,
id. de Or. 3, 18, 68;and adulescentior,
id. Fam. 9, 8, 1:nova,
id. Ac. 1, 12, 46 al. —Cicero, as a partisan of the Academic philosophy, named his estate, on the way from Lake Avernus to Puteoli, Academia; there also he wrote the Academica. He had another Academia at his Tusculan Villa, Cic. Tusc. 2, 3; 3, 3; id. Att. 1, 4, 3 al. (The i long, Cic. Div. 1, 13, 22; Tull. Laurea ap. Plin. 31, 2, 3, § 8;short,
Claud. de Cons. Mall. Theod. 94; Sid. 15, 120.) -
17 Aemilius Macer
Aemĭlĭus Măcer, of Verona, a poet, the friend of Virgil and Ovid, who wrote De Serpentibus et Volucribus (and perh. De Virtutibus Herbarum), of which nothing is extant, Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 43; Serv. ad Verg. E. 5, 1. -
18 Agesilaus
Ăgēsĭlāüs, i, m., = Agêsilaos.I.One of the most valiant of the Spartan kings, who conquered the Persian satrap Tissaphernes, and the Athenians and Bœotians at Coronea. Plutarch and also Nepos wrote his life.—* II.An epithet of Pluto (from his driving (agô) all people into his kingdom), Lact. 1, 11, 31. -
19 Agricola
1.agrĭcŏla, ae, m. (Lucr. has gen. plur. agricolūm in 4, 586, but reg. form in 2, 1161; 6, 1260) [ager-colo], a cultivator of land, in the widest sense, a husbandman, agriculturist (including even the vine-dresser, gardener; also one who takes pleasure in agriculture, etc.); or in a more limited sense, a farmer, ploughman, countryman, boor, peasant.I.Prop.:II.bonum agricolam laudabant,
Cato, R. R. 1, 2:agricolae assidui,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 16:(Deiotarus) optimus paterfamilias et diligentissimus agricola et pecuarius,
devoted to agriculture and cattlebreeding, id. Deiot. 9:sed venio ad agricolas,
the farmers, id. Sen. 16:agricolam laudat juris peritus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 9:invisum agricolis sidus,
id. ib. 1, 7, 26:sollers,
Nep. Cat. 3:peritissimus,
Col. R. R. 1, 11, 1:fortunati,
Verg. G. 2, 468:indomiti,
id. A. 7, 521:parvo beati,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 139:negotiosi,
Col. R. R. 9, 2, 5:severi,
Lucr. 5, 1356:miseri,
Verg. A. 12, 292; Vulg. Gen. 4, 2; ib. Jacob. 5, 7.—Of the vine-dresser, keeper of a vineyard:locavit eam (vineam) agricolis,
Vulg. Matt. 21, 33; ib. Joan. 15, 1.— Hence,Meton., of the gods, patrons, tutelary deities of agriculture, as Ceres, Bacchus, Faunus, etc.:2.agricolarum duces di,
Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 4:Redditur agricolis gratia caelitibus,
Tib. 2, 1, 36.Agrĭcŏla, ae, m., a Roman proper name: Cn. Julius, a celebrated Roman commander, father-in-law of Tacitus, who wrote his life, v. Tac. Agr. -
20 agricola
1.agrĭcŏla, ae, m. (Lucr. has gen. plur. agricolūm in 4, 586, but reg. form in 2, 1161; 6, 1260) [ager-colo], a cultivator of land, in the widest sense, a husbandman, agriculturist (including even the vine-dresser, gardener; also one who takes pleasure in agriculture, etc.); or in a more limited sense, a farmer, ploughman, countryman, boor, peasant.I.Prop.:II.bonum agricolam laudabant,
Cato, R. R. 1, 2:agricolae assidui,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 16:(Deiotarus) optimus paterfamilias et diligentissimus agricola et pecuarius,
devoted to agriculture and cattlebreeding, id. Deiot. 9:sed venio ad agricolas,
the farmers, id. Sen. 16:agricolam laudat juris peritus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 9:invisum agricolis sidus,
id. ib. 1, 7, 26:sollers,
Nep. Cat. 3:peritissimus,
Col. R. R. 1, 11, 1:fortunati,
Verg. G. 2, 468:indomiti,
id. A. 7, 521:parvo beati,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 139:negotiosi,
Col. R. R. 9, 2, 5:severi,
Lucr. 5, 1356:miseri,
Verg. A. 12, 292; Vulg. Gen. 4, 2; ib. Jacob. 5, 7.—Of the vine-dresser, keeper of a vineyard:locavit eam (vineam) agricolis,
Vulg. Matt. 21, 33; ib. Joan. 15, 1.— Hence,Meton., of the gods, patrons, tutelary deities of agriculture, as Ceres, Bacchus, Faunus, etc.:2.agricolarum duces di,
Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 4:Redditur agricolis gratia caelitibus,
Tib. 2, 1, 36.Agrĭcŏla, ae, m., a Roman proper name: Cn. Julius, a celebrated Roman commander, father-in-law of Tacitus, who wrote his life, v. Tac. Agr.
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См. также в других словарях:
Wrote — Wrote, v. i. [OE. wroten. See 1st {Root}.] To root with the snout. See 1st {Root}. [Obs.] Chaucer. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Wrote — Wrote, imp. & archaic p. p. of {Write}. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
wrote — [rəut US rout] the past tense of ↑write … Dictionary of contemporary English
wrote — the past tense of write … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
wrote — [rōt] vt., vi. pt. of WRITE … English World dictionary
WROTE — past of WRITE. * * * Etymology: Middle English wroot (past), from Old English wrāt past or dialect past part of write * * * /roht/, v. a pt. of write. * * * wrote /rōt/ pat of ↑write … Useful english dictionary
Wrote — Write Write, v. t. [imp. {Wrote}; p. p. {Written}; Archaic imp. & p. p. {Writ}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Writing}.] [OE. writen, AS. wr[=i]tan; originally, to scratch, to score; akin to OS. wr[=i]tan to write, to tear, to wound, D. rijten to tear, to… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
wrote — [[t]ro͟ʊt[/t]] Wrote is the past tense of write … English dictionary
wrote the book on — informal used to say that someone is an expert on a particular subject She wrote the book on long distance swimming. • • • Main Entry: ↑write … Useful english dictionary
wrote the book — be the leader in the field John wrote the book on extreme biking … Useful english dictionary
wrote — past and dialect past participle of write … New Collegiate Dictionary
