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61 Double Damask
This is not a double cloth. It is a linen fabric with one set of warp threads and one set of weft threads. The Belfast Textile Testing House gives the opinion that " the term Double Damask is only applicable to goods counting not less than 170 threads per square inch when bleached, and woven on the 8-thread or finer satin twill principle in which the weft considerably exceeds the warp in closeness." The proportion is about two warp to three weft threads Double damasks commence with about 80 ends and 90 picks per inch, from 50's/70's lea yarns. In actual trade they often have 80 ends and 120 picks per inch, and increase in multiples of five threads per inch to about 110 ends and 170 picks. An exceedingly fine linen damask contains 120 ends and 188 picks per inch, equal to 314 threads per square inch. -
62 Imitation Backed Fabrics
This class of fabric is largely used in the wool industry for making coatings and dress fabrics of a medium weight. They are really the backs of corkscrew weaves stitched to produce reasonable imitations of common twills on the back of the fabric. All ends and picks weave on both sides of the cloth. Most simple weaves can be re-arranged to produce an appearance similar to a backed cloth and all weaves arranged on the warp principle will be applicable for the weft principle when turned round.Dictionary of the English textile terms > Imitation Backed Fabrics
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63 στοιχεῖον
στοιχεῖον, τό:I in a form of sun-dial, the shadow of the gnomon, the length of which in feet indicated the time of day, ὅταν ᾖ δεκάπουν τὸ ς. when the shadow is ten feet long, Ar.Ec. 652, v. Sch.;ὁπηνίκ' ἂν εἴκοσι ποδῶν.. τὸ σ. ᾖ Eub.119.7
, cf. Philem.83.II element,1 a simple sound of speech, as the first component of the syllable, Pl.Cra. 424d; τὸ ῥῶ τὸ ς. ib. 426d;γραμμάτων σ. καὶ συλλαβάς Id.Tht. 202e
;σ. ἐστι φωνὴ ἀδιαίρετος Arist.Po. 1456b22
;φωνῆς σ. καὶ ἀρχαὶ δοκοῦσιν εἶναι ταῦτ' ἐξ ὧν σύγκεινται αἱ φωναὶ πρώτων Id.Metaph. 998a23
, cf.Gal.15.6:— στοιχεῖα therefore, strictly, were different from letters ([etym.] γράμματα), Diog.Bab.Stoic.3.213, Sch.D.T.p.32, al., but are freq. not clearly distd. from them, as by Pl.Tht.l.c., Cra. 426d;τὰ σ. τῶν γραμμάτων τὰ τέτταρα καὶ εἴκοσι Aen.Tact.31.21
; σ. ε ¯ letter ε (in a filing-system), BGU959.2 (ii A.D.); ἀκουόμενα ς. letters which are pronounced, A.D.Adv.165.17; γράμματα and ς. are expressly identified by D.T.630.32; the ς. and its name are confused by A.D. Synt.29.1, but distd. by Hdn.Gr. ap. Choerob.in Theod.1.340, Sch.D.T. l.c.:— in the order of the letters, alphabetically,AP
11.15 (Ammian.); dub.sens.in Plu.2.422e.2 in Physics, στοιχεῖα were the components into which matter is ultimately divisible, elements, reduced to four by Empedocles, who called them ῥιζὤματα, the word στοιχεῖα being first used (acc. to Eudem. ap. Simp.in Ph.7.13 ) by Pl., τὰ πρῶτα οἱονπερεὶ ς, e)c w(=n h(mei=s te sugkei/meqa kai\ ta)/lla Tht. 201e; τὰ τῶν πάντων ς. Plt. 278d;αὐτὰ τιθέμενοι σ. τοῦ παντός Ti. 48b
, cf. Arist.GC 314a29, Metaph. 998a28, Thphr.Sens.3, al., D.L.3.24;σ. σωματικά Arist.Mete. 338a22
, Thphr.Fr.46; ἄτομα ς. Epicur.Ep.2p.36U.; equivalent to ἀρχαί, Thales ap.Plu.2.875c, Anaximand. ap. D.L.2.1, Anon. ap. Arist.Ph. 188b28, Metaph. 1059b23, al.; but Arist. also distinguishes ς. from ἀρχή as less comprehensive, ib.1070b23; τὰ σ. ὕλη τῆς οὐσίας ib.1088b27; τρία τὰ ς. Id.Ph. 189b16; distd. from ἀρχή on other grounds by Stoic.2.111; ς. used in three senses by Chrysipp., ib.136, cf. Zeno ib.1.24, al.; in Medicine, Gal.6.3, 420, al., 15.7, al.;Αἰθέρ, κόσμου σ. ἄριστον Orph.H.5.4
; ἀνηλεὲς ς., of the sea, Babr.71.4; τὸ ς., of the sea, Polem.Cyn.44; ἄμφω τὰ ς., i.e. land and sea, ib.11, cf. Hdn.3.1.5, Him.Ecl.2.18.3 the elements of proof, e.g. in general reasoning the πρῶτοι συλλογισμοί, Arist.Metaph. 1014b1; in Geometry, the propositions whose proof is involved in the proof of other propositions, ib. 998a26, 1014a36; title of geometrical works by Hippocrates of Chios, Leon, Theudios, and Euclid, Procl. in Euc.pp.66,67,68F.: hence applied to whatever is one, small, and capable of many uses, Arist.Metaph. 1014b3; to whatever is most universal, e.g. the unit and the point, ib.6; the line and the circle, Id.Top. 158b35; the τόπος (argument applicable to a variety of subjects), ib. 120b13, al., Rh. 1358a35, al.;στοιχεῖα τὰ γένη λέγουσί τινες Id.Metaph. 1014b10
; τὸ νόμισμα σ. καὶ πέρας τῆς ἀλλαγῆς coin is the unit.. of exchange, Id.Pol. 1257b23; in Grammar, σ. τῆς λέξεως parts of speech, D.H.Comp.2; but also, the letters composing a word, A.D.Synt.313.7; letters of the alphabet, Diog. Bab.Stoic.3.213; σ. τοῦ λόγου the elements of speech, viz. words, or the kinds of words, parts of speech, Thphr. ap. Simp. in Cat.10.24, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.45, A.D.Synt.7.1, 313.6.4 generally, elementary or fundamental principle, ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ τῶν ς. X.Mem.2.1.1;σ. χρηστῆς πολιτείας Isoc.2.16
; τὸ πολλάκις εἰρημένον μέγιστον ς. Arist.Pol. 1309b16;σ. τῆς ὅλης τέχνης Nicol.Com.1.30
, cf. Epicur. Ep.1p.10U., Ep.3p.59U., Phld.Rh.1.127S., Gal.6.306.5 ἄστρων στοιχεῖα the stars, Man.4.624;σ. καυσούμενα λυθήσεται 2 Ep.Pet.3.10
, cf. 12; esp. planets,στοιχείῳ Διός PLond.1.130.60
(i/ii A.D.); so perh. in Ep.Gal.4.3, Ep.Col.2.8; esp. a sign of the Zodiac, D.L.6.102; of the Great Bear, PMag.Par.1.1303.6 σ. = ἀριθμός, as etym. of Στοιχαδεύς, Sch.D.T.p.192 H.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > στοιχεῖον
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64 φθάνω
Aἔφθανον X.HG6.2.30
, AP9.272 ([place name] Bianor): [tense] fut.φθήσομαι Il.23.444
, Th.5.10, Pl.R. 375c, etc.; but φθάσω [ᾰ] Hp. Morb.3.13 (s. v. l.), X.Cyr.5.4.38: [tense] aor.ἔφθᾰσα Hdt.7.161
, A.Pers. 752 (troch.), Th.3.49, X.Cyr.7.1.19, etc.; imper.φθάσον J.AJ6.11.7
; opt. [ per.] 3sg.φθάσειε Isoc.8.120
, pl.φθάσειαν X.HG7.2.14
(this tense prevails in later Gk., Plb.3.66.1, etc.); [dialect] Dor.ἔφθασσα Theoc.2.115
: but the only [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. is ἔφθην, not found in A. or S., but the more usual form in E. and Ar., less freq. in Th., X., D.; pl. ἔφθημεν, -ητε, -ησαν, E.Ph. 1468, Isoc.5.7, Antipho 2.2.5, [dialect] Ep.pl.3φθάν Il.11.51
; subj. φθῶ, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. φθήῃ, φθῇσιν, 16.861, 23.805; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 1pl.φθέωμεν Od.16.383
; [ per.] 3pl.φθέωσι 24.437
; opt. φθαίην, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. φθαίησι ([etym.] παρα-) Il.10.346; inf.φθῆναι Hdt.6.115
, Th.4.4; part.φθάς Hdt.3.71
; [dialect] Ep. part. [voice] Med.φθάμενος Il.5.119
, al., Hes.Op. 554: [tense] pf. ἔφθᾰκα Philipp. ap. D.18.39, LXX 2 Ch.28.9, IG12 9).906.26 (Chalcis, iii A. D.);πέφθακα Ps.-Callisth. 2.10
(v. l): [tense] plpf.ἐφθάκει Plu.Galb. 17
, Luc.Philops.6:—[voice] Pass., Arist.Mu. 395a18: [tense] impf.ἐφθάνετο AP9.278
([place name] Bianor);ἐφθάνοντο J.BJ5.2.4
(v.l. ἐφονεύοντο): [tense] aor.ἐφθάσθην D.H. 6.25
, Epigr.Gr. 315 ([place name] Smyrna), IPE2.197 (Panticapaeum, ii A. D.), J.AJ8.12.4. Gal.4.560. [[pron. full] φθᾰνω always in [dialect] Att. (so also in AP9.272 ([place name] Bianor), APl.4.382, 384); φθᾱνω in Il.9.506, 21.262 (where Zenod. read φθανέει for φθάνει) ]:— come or do first or before others:I c. acc. pers., to be beforehand with, overtake, outstrip, in running or otherwise,φθάνει δέ τε καὶ τὸν ἄγοντα Il.21.262
;φθῆ σε τελος θανάτοιο 11.451
, cf. Hes.Op. 554, 570, Hdt.7.161, E.Heracl. 120, IT 669, Isoc.9.42, etc.;οὐ μὴ φθάσωμεν τοὺς κοιμηθέντας 1 Ep.Thess.4.15
; so ἔφθησαν τὸν χειμῶνα they anticipated the storm, Hdt.7.188;φθάσας τὸν λογισμόν D.21.38
:—[voice] Pass., to be overtaken, , AP9.278 ([place name] Bianor); ἐφθάσθην (v. supr.).II abs., come or act first, opp. ὑστερέω or ὑστερίζω, E.Ph. 975, X.An.6.1.18, cf. Th.4.121; τοῦ φθάσαντος ἁρπαγή the prey of the first comer, A.Pers. 752 (troch.), cf. Fr.23 (lyr.); ; , 100;φθάσαι πρὶν ἀδικηθῆναι Arist.Pol. 1302b23
, cf. Rh. 1373a23; in later writers, τὰ φθάσαντα the things before mentioned, Ael.VH 1.34, Arg.D.46; part. φθάνων, φθάσας previous,τῶν φθασάντων δυεῖν βιβλίων Porph.Abst.3.1
; ἐν τοῖς φθάνουσιν ἔργοις Dex.Hist.Fr. 26 J.;τοῖς φθάνουσι κατορθώμασι Id.Fr.6
J.;οἱ φθάσαντες πόνοι Agath.5.16
; previous time,Ael.
VH14.6; τὸ φθάσαν, τὰ φθάσαντα, the past, Agath.3.2, al., Procop.Gaz.Ep.32;ὁ φθάσας χρόνος Men.
Prot.p.127 D.2 with Preps., come or arrive first,ἕως τῶν οὐρανῶν LXX 2 Ch.28.9
;ἔφθασεν ἐφ' ὑμᾶς Ev.Matt.12.28
, Ev.Luc.11.20, cf. 1 Ep.Thess.2.16: φ. εἰς .., simply, arriveat, attain to, Ep.Rom.9.31, Ep.Phil.3.16, Plu.2.338a;φθάσομεν εἰς Πηλούσι<ον> PPar.18.14
(ii A. D.): abs., of Time, arrive, καιρὸς τῆς τομῆς ἔφθακε (v.l. ἔφθασεν) LXXCa. 2.12; ἔφθασεν ὁ μὴν ὁ ἕβδομος ib.2 Es.3.1.d Gramm., to be applied or applicable,ἐπ' ἀμφοτέρας τὰς διαθέσεις A.D.Synt.211.22
, cf. 217.23, al.III the action in which one is beforehand is expressed by the part. agreeing with the subject, [Ἄτη] πολλὸν ὑπεκπροθέει, φθάνει δέ τε πᾶσαν ἐπ' αἶαν βλάπτουσ' ἀνθρώπους and is beforehand in doing men mischief, Il.9.506; ἀλλ' ἄρα μιν φθῆ Τηλέμαχος κατόπισθε βαλών Telemachus was beforehand with him in striking, i.e. struck first, Od.22.91, cf. 16.383, Il.10.368;ἔφθασέν με προαπελθὼν Χάρμος PCair.Zen.16.3
(iii B. C.); ἔφθησαν ἀπικόμενοι arrived first, Hdt.4.136, cf. 6.115; so φ. εὐεργετῶν to be the first to show a kindness, X.Mem.2.3.14;ὅπως φθάσειαν βοηθήσαντες Id.HG7.2.14
;ἔφθασαν προκαταλαβόντες Th.3.112
;φθάνουσιν αὐτοὺς προκαταφυγοῦσαι Id.2.91
; ;φ. γόνασι προσπεσὼν πατρός E.HF 986
, etc: part. [voice] Pass. is also used, ἦ κε πολὺ φθαίη πόλις ἁλοῦσα, i.e. it would be taken first, Il.13.815; εἴ κε φθήῃ τυπείς shall be wounded first, 16.861; φθαίητε γὰρ ἂν.. ἐξανδραποδισθέντες ἣ .. Hdt.6.108;μὴ φθάσωσι προεπιβουλευόμενοι Th.3.83
;ἔφθη κατακωλυθείς X.HG1.6.17
; φθάνειν δεῖ πεφραγμένους τοὶς πόρους they must first be blocked up, Id.Cyr.2.4.25: these clauses, being compar. in sense, are folld. by a gen., φθὰν δὲ μέγ' ἱππήων.. κοσμηθέντες were drawn up before the drivers, Il.11.51; more freq. by πρὶν .. orἢ.., ἔφθη ὀρεξάμενος, πρὶν οὐτάσαι 16.322
, cf. Antipho1.29, X. Cyr.3.2.4; ;ἔφθης πεζὸς ἰὼν ἢ ἐγὼ σὺν νηΐ Od.11.58
; ἔφθησαν ἀναβάντες πρὶν ἢ .. Hdt.9.70; ἔφθησαν ἐκπεσόντες πρότερον ἢ .. Id.6.91.b in later Gr., c. part. to express previous action or happening, φθάνω ὑμῖν πρότερον γεγραφηκώς I have already written to you, POxy.1666.3 (iii A. D.), cf. 237 vi30 (ii A. D.), etc.;ἔφθασα εἰρηκώς Luc.Pisc.29
;ὡς ἔφθην εἰπών Id.Par.3
; cf. 111.2b.2 in the same sense, part. φθάς or φθάσας, [dialect] Ep. φθάμενος, is used like an Adv. with a principal Verb, ὅς μ' ἔβαλε φθάμενος, for ὅς μ' ἔφθη βαλών, Il.5.119, cf. 13.387, Od. 19.449; οὐκ ἄλλος φθὰς ἐμεῦ κατήγορος ἔσται no other shall be an accuser before me, Hdt.3.71; ἀνέῳξάς με φθάσας you opened the door before me, Ar.Pl. 1102;φθάσας προσπεσοῦμαι Th.5.9
, cf. 2.91, X.Cyr. 1.5.3, etc.; even with a part.,φθάσας.. ἁρπάσας Hdt.6.65
; rarely part. [tense] pres.,φθάνοντες δῃοῦμεν X.Cyr.3.3.18
.b in signf. 111.1b, φθάσαντες ἐπληρώσαμεν αὐτούς we had already paid them, POxy.1103.6 (iv A. D.); but ὡσεὶ καὶ ὁμογενῆ φθάσας εἶπον as if I had said (not had already said) ὁ., Gal.16.502.3 rarely c. inf., ὁ φθάσας θαρσῆσαι he that first gains confidence, Th.3.82; σπεύδειν ὅπως.. φθαίης ἔτ' εἰς ἐκκλησίαν ἐλθεῖν (v.l. ἐλθών ) hurry to be in time to get to.., Ar.Eq. 935 (lyr.), cf. Nu. 1384 (v. infr. IV. 1); μόλις φθάνει θρόνοισιν ἐμπεσοῦσα μὴ χαμαὶ πεσεῖν hardly manages by falling first on the seat not to fall on the ground, E.Med. 1169; more freq. in later writers, of actions which one manages to do, does before or has done first or already, A.R.1.1189, D.H.4.59,61, Sor.1.111, Gal.15.2,93, Luc. DMort.13.2, Harm.2;ἐὰν φθάσω πρὸ τῆς τρύγης ἀνελθεῖν PSI8.971.10
(iii/iv A. D.);ἐὰν ὁ ἰατρὸς αὐτὸ φθάσῃ κενῶσαι Gal.16.499
; φθάνοντος ἤδη πυρέττειν ἐκ τεττάρων ἡμερῶν τοῦ νοσοῦντος having already begun, ib.498; μὴ φθάνων προσηκόντως τρέφεσθαι if he is not first suitably nourished, Id.18(2).36, cf. 84,103; συμβαίνει φθάνειν ἀποθνῄσκειν τοὺς νεωτέρους the young die first, ib.222; εἰ φθάσαιμεν παλαιοὺς πίθους ἔχειν μεγάλους if we already have.., Gp.6.3.11, cf. 10.22.2, al., A.D.Pron.90.1;ἔφθακεν οὖν ταῦτα ἐψηφίσθαι καὶ τῇ βουλῇ IG12(9).906.26
(Chalcis, iii A. D.).IV with negatives,1 with οὐ and part. (inf. is v. l. in Ar.Nu. 1384), folld. by καί or καὶ εὐθύς, of two actions following close on each other, οὐ φθάνειν χρὴ συσκιάζοντας γένυν καὶ.. ὁρμᾶν you must no sooner get your beard than you march, E.Supp. 1219; οὐ φθάνει ἐξαγόμενος καὶ εὐθὺς ὅμοιός ἐστι τοῖς ἀκαθάρτοις no sooner is he brought out than he becomes unclean, X.Eq.5.10, cf. Ar.Nu. 1384; οὐκ ἔφθημεν εἰς Τροιζῆν' ἐλθόντες καὶ τοιαύταις νόσοις ἐλήφθημεν ἐξ ὧν .. no sooner had we come to Troezen than.., Isoc.19.22, cf. 5.53, 8.98, 9.53; οὐκ ἔφθη μοι συμβᾶσα ἡ ἀτυχία καὶ εὐθὺς ἐπεχείρησαν διαφορῆσαι τἄνδοθεν scarcely or no sooner had misfortune befallen me when.., D.57.65, cf. 43.69, Isoc.4.86.2 οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις, οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιτε, with part. [tense] pres., express a strong exhortation or urgent command, οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιτε τὴν ταχίστην ὀπίσω ἀπαλλασσόμενοι you could not be too quick in departing, i.e. make haste and be off, Hdt.7.162; οὐ φθάνοιτ' ἔτ' ἄν θνῄσκοντες make haste and die, E.Or. 936, cf. 941, Alc. 662, Heracl. 721, Tr. 456 (troch.), IT 245; ; ἀποτρέχων οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις ib. 1133; εἰς ἀγορὰν ἰὼν ταχέως οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις ib. 874, cf. Ec. 118;οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις λέγων Pl. Smp. 185e
, X.Mem.2.3.11; these phrases are not to be treated as questions, cf. οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιμι (sc. λέγων) Pl.Smp. 214e, cf. Phd. 100c, D.25.40, Luc.Fug.26, Symp.2, Anach.14: c. part. [tense] aor., once in Luc., Vit.Auct.26.b in 1, 2, or 3 pers., to express immediate futurity, οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις ἀκούων you shall hear in a moment, Pl.Euthd. 272d; οὐκ ἂν φθάνοι τὸ πλῆθος τούτοις τοῖς θηρίοις δουλεῦον will soon (or inevitably) be enslaved to.., D.24.143; also to express what is logically inevitable, οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιεν αὐτοὺς προσκυνοῦντες they will soon be (or cannot logically help) worshipping them, Aristeas 137;τοῦτο μὲν οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις καὶ Ἐμπεδοκλεῖ πρὸ αὐτοῦ ἐγκαλῶν Luc.Fug.2
;οὐκ ἂν φθάνοι κἀμὲ μάντιν λέγων Id.Hes.8
;οὐκ ἂν φθάνοι τις ἁπάσας ἀναιρῶν τὰς τοιαύτας προστασίας Id.Apol.11
: c. part. [tense] aor., Id.Tox.2. -
65 net present value
Finthe value of an investment calculated as the sum of its initial cost and the present value of expected future cash flows.Abbr. NPVEXAMPLEA positive NPV indicates that the project should be profitable, assuming that the estimated cash flows are reasonably accurate. A negative NPV indicates that the project will probably be unprofitable and therefore should be adjusted, if not abandoned altogether.NPV enables a management to consider the time-value of money it will invest. This concept holds that the value of money increases with time because it can always earn interest in a savings account. When the time-value-of-money concept is incorporated in calculation of NPV, the value of a project’s future net cash receipts in “today’s money” can be determined. This enables proper comparisons between different projects.For example, if Global Manufacturing Inc. is considering the acquisition of a new machine, its management will consider all the factors: initial purchase and installation costs; additional revenues generated by sales of the new machine’s products, plus the taxes on these new revenues. Having accounted for these factors in its calculations, the cash flows that Global Manufacturing projects will generate from the new machine are:At first glance, it appears that cash-flows total 45% more than the $100,000 initial cost, a sound investment indeed. But time-value of NPV calculation money shrinks return on the project considerably, since future dollars are worth less than present dollars in hand. NPV accounts for these differences with the help of presentvalue tables, which list the ratios that express the present value of expected cash-flow dollars, based on the applicable interest rate and the number of years in question.In the example, Global Manufacturing’s cost of capital is 9%. Using this figure to find the corresponding ratios on the present value table, the $100,000 investment cost, expected annual revenues during the five years in question, the NPV calculation is shown below.NPV is still positive. So, on this basis at least, the investment should proceed. -
66 payback period
Finthe length of time it will take to earn back the money invested in a project.EXAMPLEThe straight payback period method is the simplest way of determining the investment potential of a major project. Expressed in time, it tells a management how many months or years it will take to recover the original cash cost of the project. It is calculated using the formula:Cost of project /annual cash revenues = payback periodThus, if a project cost $100,000 and was expected to generate $28,000 annually, the payback period would be:100,000 /28,000 = 3.57 yearsIf the revenues generated by the project are expected to vary from year to year, add the revenues expected for each succeeding year until you arrive at the total cost of the project.For example, say the revenues expected to be generated by the $100,000 project are:Thus, the project would be fully paid for in Year 4, since it is in that year the total revenue reaches the initial cost of $100,000. The precise payback period would be calculated as:((100,000 – 74,000) /(1000,000 – 74,000)) × 365 = 316 days + 3 yearsThe picture becomes complex when the timevalue-of-money principle is introduced into the calculations. Some experts insist this is essential to determine the most accurate payback period. Accordingly, the annual revenues have to be discounted by the applicable interest rate, 10% in this example. Doing so produces significantly different results:This method shows that payback would not occur even after five years.Generally, a payback period of three years or less is desirable; if a project’s payback period is less than a year, some contend it should be judged essential. -
67 μεθίστημι
μεθίστημι (s. ἵστημι) by-form μεθιστάνω (Hv 1, 3, 4; 1 Cor 13:2 v.l.) fut. μεταστήσω LXX; 1 aor. μετέστησα; 2 aor. μετέστην LXX. Pass.: aor. μετεστάθην; subj. μετασταθῶ (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX, TestSol; TestAbr A 20 p. 103, 8 [Stone p. 54]; TestIss 1:13; Joseph.)① transfer from one place to another, removeⓐ of things τὶ someth. ὄρη 1 Cor 13:2 (Is 54:10). Heavens, mountains, hills, seas Hv 1, 3, 4. (ἡμᾶς) μετέστησεν εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν (God) transferred us to the kingdom Col 1:13 (cp. Jos., Ant. 9, 235 μ. εἰς τ. αὑτοῦ βασιλείαν.—μ. εἰς=‘transplant into’ also Alex. Aphr., Mixt. II 2 p. 219, 28; 230, 29; cp. τὸ μεταστῆναι ἀπὸ τῶν ὁρατῶν ἐπὶ τὰ ἀόρατα as a description of ἔκστασις Did., Gen. 230, 9).ⓑ of persons remove, depose (3 Km 15:13; 1 Macc 11:63; Jos., Ant. 19, 297; 20, 16) τινὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ τόπου remove someone from his place 1 Cl 44:5. Pass. be removed ὅταν μετασταθῶ ἐκ τ. οἰκονομίας when I am discharged fr. my position as manager Lk 16:4 (Vi. Aesopi G 9 μεταστήσω σε τῆς οἰκονομίας=I will remove you from your position as steward.—μ. ἐκ as Jos., Vi. 195).—This is prob. also the place for Ac 13:22 μεταστήσας αὐτόν after he had removed him (fr. the throne; cp. Da 2:21). The expr. in its fullest form, μ. τινὰ ἐκ τοῦ ζῆν ‘put someone to death’ (Diod S 2, 57, 5; 4, 55, 1; cp. 3 Macc 6:12), scarcely seems applicable here.② to bring to a different point of view, turn away, mislead, also in an unfavorable sense, fig. ext. of 1 (X., Hell. 2, 2, 5; Plut., Galba 1059 [14, 3] τοὺς πλείους μετέστησαν; Josh 14:8) ἱκανὸν ὄχλον Ac 19:26.—DELG s.v. ἵστημι. M-M. -
68 изготовитель НКУ
- switchboard manufacturer
- panel-builder
- panel builder
- original manufacturer
- original equipment manufacturer
- assembly manufacturer
изготовитель НКУ
Организация, которая выполнила разработку конструкции, изготовление и необходимую проверку на соответствие НКУ требованиям конкретного стандарта.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 61439-1-2013]EN
original manufacturer
organization that has carried out the original design and the associated verification of an assembly in accordance with the relevant assembly standard
[IEC 61439-1, ed. 2.0 (2011-08)]FR
constructeur d'origine
organisme qui a réalisé la conception d'origine et la vérification associée d’un ensemble conformément à la norme d’ensembles applicable
[IEC 61439-1, ed. 2.0 (2011-08)]Параллельные тексты EN-RU
6.1 ASSEMBLY designation marking
The ASSEMBLY manufacturer shall provide each ASSEMBLY with one or more labels, marked in a durable manner and located in a place such that they are visible and legible when the ASSEMBLY is installed and in operation.
Compliance is checked according to the test of 10.2.7 and by inspection.
The following information regarding the ASSEMBLY shall be provided on the designation label(s):
a) ASSEMBLY manufacturer's name or trade mark (see 3.10.2);
b) type designation or identification number or any other means of identification, making it possible to obtain relevant information from the ASSEMBLY manufacturer;
c) means of identifying date of manufacture;
d) IEC 61439-X (the specific part “X” shall be identified).
NOTE The relevant ASSEMBLY standard may specify where additional information is to be provided on the designation label.
[BS EN 61439-1:2009]6.1 Маркировка
Изготовитель НКУ должен предусмотреть на каждом НКУ одну или несколько табличек со стойкой к внешним воздействиям маркировкой, которые после установки и в процессе эксплуатации НКУ должны быть расположены на видном месте.
Соответствие проверяют испытанием по 10.2.7 и внешним осмотром.
На паспортной табличке должна быть приведена информация об НКУ, указанная в перечислениях а) — d):
a) наименование изготовителя или его товарный знак (см. 3.10.2):
b) обозначение типа, идентификационный или другой знак, позволяющий получить необходимую информацию от изготовителя;
c) обозначение даты изготовления;
d) обозначение настоящего стандарта.
Примечание — На паспортной табличке может быть приведено обозначение конкретного стандарта на НКУ, если требуется дополнительная информация.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 61439.1-2013]
Тематики
- НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)
Синонимы
EN
- assembly manufacturer
- ASSEMBLY manufacturer
- original equipment manufacturer
- original manufacturer
- panel builder
- panel-builder
- switchboard manufacturer
FR
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > изготовитель НКУ
-
69 изменение значения параметра в зависимости от температуры окружающего воздуха
изменение значения параметра в зависимости от температуры окружающего воздуха
Параллельные тексты EN-RU
-Rated current compensation in accordance with ambient temperature
When normal ambient temperature exceeds the temperature specified in the environment the following formula help to select the applicable current.
[LS Industrial Systems]Изменение номинального тока в зависимости от температуры окружающего воздуха
Если температура окружающего воздуха будет превышать контрольную температуру, то допустимый рабочий ток можно рассчитать по приведенной ниже формуле.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > изменение значения параметра в зависимости от температуры окружающего воздуха
-
70 контрольная температура окружающего воздуха
- reference temperature
- reference ambient air temperature
- normal ambient temperature
- base ambient temperature
контрольная температура окружающего воздуха
Температура окружающего воздуха, при которой устанавливают время-токовые характеристики.
[ ГОСТ Р 50345-99( МЭК 60898-95)]EN
reference ambient air temperature
the ambient air temperature on which the time-current characteristics are based
[IEC 60898-1, ed. 1.0 (2002-01)]FR
température de référence de l'air ambiant
température de l'air ambiant sur laquelle sont basées les caractéristiques de temps-courant
[IEC 60898-1, ed. 1.0 (2002-01)]При отсутствии других указаний:
- для тепловых расцепителей значения срабатывания указывают для контрольной температуры (30±2) °С.
Рабочие характеристики расцепителей, зависящие от температуры окружающего воздуха, следует проверять при контрольной температуре (см. 4.7.3 и 5.2Ь), подавая испытательный ток во все фазные полюса расцепителя
[ ГОСТ Р 50030. 2-99 ( МЭК 60947-2-98)]
Для АВО, калиброванных на контрольную температуру, отличную от (23±2) °С, испытание должно проводиться при этой температуре с допуском ±2 °С.
[ ГОСТ Р 50031-99( МЭК 60934-93)]
Номинальный ток (In)
Установленный изготовителем ток, который выключатель способен проводить в продолжительном режиме (см. 4.3.2.14) при указанной контрольной температуре окружающего воздуха.
Стандартная контрольная температура окружающего воздуха 30 °С. Если для данного выключателя используется другое контрольное значение температуры окружающего воздуха, необходимо учитывать ее влияние на защиту кабелей от перегрузки, так как согласно монтажным правилам она также основывается на контрольной температуре окружающего воздуха.
Примечание — Контрольную температуру для защиты кабелей от перегрузок принимают 25 °С по МЭК 369 [5].
[ ГОСТ Р 50345-99( МЭК 60898-95)]
Параллельные тексты EN-RUThe operating characteristic of the breaker with a thermal magnetic trip element changes as the base ambient temperature is adjusted to 40°C.
[LS Industrial Systems]Значения рабочих характеристик автоматических выключателей с теплоэлектромагнитным расцепителем зависят от температуры окружающего воздуха и отличаются от значений, указанных для контрольной температуры 40 °С.
[Перевод Интент]Rated current compensation in accordance with ambient temperature
When normal ambient temperature exceeds the temperature specified in the environment the following formula help to select the applicable current.
[LS Industrial Systems]Изменение номинального тока в зависимости от температуры окружающего воздуха
Если температура окружающего воздуха будет превышать контрольную температуру, то допустимый рабочий ток можно рассчитать по приведенной ниже формуле.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
EN
- base ambient temperature
- normal ambient temperature
- reference ambient air temperature
- reference temperature
FR
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > контрольная температура окружающего воздуха
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71 распределенная функция (сети и системы связи)
распределенная функция (сети и системы связи)
Функция, выполняемая совместно двумя или более логическими узлами, расположенными в различных физических устройствах.
Примечание. Так как все функции некоторым образом взаимосвязаны, определение локальной или распределенной функции не является однозначным, а зависит от определения функциональных шагов, из которых состоит выполнение функции. В случае потери одного логического узла или одного канала связи функция может блокироваться полностью или, в зависимости от ситуации, деградировать частично.
[ ГОСТ Р 54325-2011 (IEC/TS 61850-2:2003)]EN
distributed function
when two, or more, logical nodes, that are located in different physical devices, together perform a function. Since all functions communicate in some way, the definition of a local or distributed function is not unique but depends on the definition of the functional steps to be performed until the function is completed. In the case of loss of one LN or one included communication link, the function may be blocked completely or show a graceful degradation, as applicable
[IEC 61850-2, ed. 1.0 (2003-08)]Тематики
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > распределенная функция (сети и системы связи)
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72 управление кризисами
управление кризисами
Один из трех подходов методики комплексного управления рисками МОК. Это ряд общих принципов, порядков, процессов и инструментов, применяемых на протяжении всего жизненного цикла проекта по подготовке и проведению Игр, но с основным упором на период Олимпийских игр. Данный подход позволяет МОК управлять кризисными ситуациями при их возникновении.
[Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]EN
crisis management (CM)
One of the three approaches of the IOC integrated risk management methodology. This is a set of policies, procedures, processes and tools that are applicable during the whole Games project lifecycle but with the main emphasis on the Olympic Games period, which enables the IOC to manage crisis situations when they arise.
[Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]Тематики
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > управление кризисами
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73 франко завод (с указанием поименованного места поставки)
франко завод (с указанием поименованного места поставки)
EXW (с указанием поименованного места поставки)
Данный термин означает, что продавец осуществляет поставку, когда он предоставляет товар в распоряжение покупателя в своих помещениях или в ином согласованном месте (т.е. на предприятии, складе и т.д.). Продавцу необязательно осуществлять погрузку товара на любое транспортное средство, он также не обязан выполнять формальности, необходимые для вывоза, если таковые применяются. Покупатель несет все расходы и риски, связанные с принятием товара в согласованном пункте (если таковой указан) в поименованном месте поставки. EXW возлагает на продавца минимальные обязанности. Данный термин может быть использован независимо от избранного вида транспорта, а также при использовании более чем одного вида транспорта. Он является подходящим для внутренней торговли, тогда как FCA (Франко перевозчик) обычно используется в международной торговле (ИНКОТЕРМС 2010)
[Упрощение процедур торговли: англо-русский глоссарий терминов (пересмотренное второе издание) НЬЮ-ЙОРК, ЖЕНЕВА, МОСКВА 2011 год]EN
EXW (insert named place of delivery)
ex works (insert named place of delivery)
Incoterm under which the seller delivers when it places the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the seller’s premises or at another named place (i.e., works, factory, warehouse, etc.). The seller does not need to load the goods on any collecting vehicle, nor does it need to clear the goods for export, where such clearance is applicable. The buyer bears all costs and risks involved in taking the goods from the agreed point, if any, at the named place of delivery. EXW represents the minimum obligation for the seller. This rule may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of transport is employed. It is suitable for domestic trade, while FCA is usually more appropriate for international trade (INCOTERMS 2010)
[Trade Facilitation Terms: An English - Russian Glossary (revised second edition) NEW YORK, GENEVA, MOSCOW 2379]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > франко завод (с указанием поименованного места поставки)
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74 ארמיותא
אֲרַמְיוּתָאf. (preced.) gentile ways, Romedom, idolatry, Meg.III (IV), 9 (25a) whoever translates (Lev. 18:21), ‘Of thy seed thou shalt give none לאעברא בא׳ (Ms. Lond. לאעבורי אומיתא, v. Var. in Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) to become with child in Romedom (identifying Molokh with Rome and misinterpreting lhaăbir for the purpose of making it applicable to sexual connection with Romans) must be silenced with a sharp rebuke (v. נְזִיפָה); cmp. Targ. Y. Lev. l. c.Ab. Zar.70a כד הוינן בארמיותן (Ms. M. הואי בגיותא) when we were yet in our heathendom (prior to our conversion). -
75 אֲרַמְיוּתָא
אֲרַמְיוּתָאf. (preced.) gentile ways, Romedom, idolatry, Meg.III (IV), 9 (25a) whoever translates (Lev. 18:21), ‘Of thy seed thou shalt give none לאעברא בא׳ (Ms. Lond. לאעבורי אומיתא, v. Var. in Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) to become with child in Romedom (identifying Molokh with Rome and misinterpreting lhaăbir for the purpose of making it applicable to sexual connection with Romans) must be silenced with a sharp rebuke (v. נְזִיפָה); cmp. Targ. Y. Lev. l. c.Ab. Zar.70a כד הוינן בארמיותן (Ms. M. הואי בגיותא) when we were yet in our heathendom (prior to our conversion). -
76 גדד I
גָּדַדI (b. h.; cmp. גזו, קצץ) to cut, cut off. Par. II, 2; Bekh.44a יָגוֹד let him lop off (the black tops of the horns or hoofs).(V. גָּדַר.Trnsf. (cmp. קצץ) to fix the price. B. Bath.13a גּוֹד או אָגוֹד either fix you a price for my share, or I shall do so (and buy your share); דינא דגוד או אגוד the right of settling by god o agod. Ib. אגוד איכא גוד ליכא the offer to buy is applicable in this case (the half-freed slave can offer to buy his other half), but the offer to sell cannot be made (since there is no price for a free man).Part. pass. גָּדוּד stripped (of branches); trnsf. empty-handed. Gen. R. s. 68, beg. ג׳ שלחו (Yalk. ib. 117 גדודי) Isaac sent Jacob away without anything valuable. Pi. גִּדֵּד to cut off, level. Gen. R. s. 71 (play on בא גד, Gen. 30:11) בא מי שעתיד לגַדֵּדוכ׳ he has come who is destined to level the fastnesses of the nations (idolatry). Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 13 (play on מגדל גד, Josh. 15:37) from there the Lord יוצא ומְגַדֵּדוכ׳ will proceed and level ; Ex. R. s. 40 ומגיד (corr. acc.). Nif. נִגְדַּד to be cut off. Keth.51a כל העומד לִיגָּדֵד כְּגָדוּד דמי Ar. (ed. ליגזז, v. גָּזַז). Hithpol. הִתְגּוֹדֵד to make incisions in ones own body. Yeb.13b, v. גּוּד. Tanḥ. Shlaḥ. 15; Num. R. s. 17 קבר מת לא תִתְגּוֹדְדוּ when one buried a dead, the law says, Ye shall not (Deut. 14:1). V. גְּדִידָה. Polel גֹּדֵד same. Yeb. l. c. א״כ לימא קרא לא תְּגוֹדְדוּ if it were so (that Deut. 14:1 meant only to forbid incisions in the body) it ought to read lo tgoddu, ye shall make no incisions. -
77 גָּדַד
גָּדַדI (b. h.; cmp. גזו, קצץ) to cut, cut off. Par. II, 2; Bekh.44a יָגוֹד let him lop off (the black tops of the horns or hoofs).(V. גָּדַר.Trnsf. (cmp. קצץ) to fix the price. B. Bath.13a גּוֹד או אָגוֹד either fix you a price for my share, or I shall do so (and buy your share); דינא דגוד או אגוד the right of settling by god o agod. Ib. אגוד איכא גוד ליכא the offer to buy is applicable in this case (the half-freed slave can offer to buy his other half), but the offer to sell cannot be made (since there is no price for a free man).Part. pass. גָּדוּד stripped (of branches); trnsf. empty-handed. Gen. R. s. 68, beg. ג׳ שלחו (Yalk. ib. 117 גדודי) Isaac sent Jacob away without anything valuable. Pi. גִּדֵּד to cut off, level. Gen. R. s. 71 (play on בא גד, Gen. 30:11) בא מי שעתיד לגַדֵּדוכ׳ he has come who is destined to level the fastnesses of the nations (idolatry). Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 13 (play on מגדל גד, Josh. 15:37) from there the Lord יוצא ומְגַדֵּדוכ׳ will proceed and level ; Ex. R. s. 40 ומגיד (corr. acc.). Nif. נִגְדַּד to be cut off. Keth.51a כל העומד לִיגָּדֵד כְּגָדוּד דמי Ar. (ed. ליגזז, v. גָּזַז). Hithpol. הִתְגּוֹדֵד to make incisions in ones own body. Yeb.13b, v. גּוּד. Tanḥ. Shlaḥ. 15; Num. R. s. 17 קבר מת לא תִתְגּוֹדְדוּ when one buried a dead, the law says, Ye shall not (Deut. 14:1). V. גְּדִידָה. Polel גֹּדֵד same. Yeb. l. c. א״כ לימא קרא לא תְּגוֹדְדוּ if it were so (that Deut. 14:1 meant only to forbid incisions in the body) it ought to read lo tgoddu, ye shall make no incisions.
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stock — The goods and wares of a merchant or tradesman, kept for sale and traffic. In a larger sense, the capital of a merchant or other person, including his merchandise, money, and credits, or, in other words, the entire property employed in business.… … Black's law dictionary
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