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1 ἀσθένεια
ἀσθένεια, ας, ἡ (σθένος ‘strength’, s. next entry; Hdt., Thu.+)① a state of debilitating illness, sickness, disease (X., Mem. 4, 2, 32; Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 16 §65; Herodian 1, 4, 7; pap; 2 Macc 9:21f; Jos., Bell. 1, 76, Ant. 15, 359) Ac 5:15 D; w. νόσος Mt 8:17; ἔχειν ἀ. be ill Ac 28:9; ἀσθένειαν τῇ σαρκὶ αὐτῶν ἐπισπῶνται Hv 3, 9, 3; θεραπεύεσθαι ἀπὸ τῶν ἀ. Lk 5:15. For this ἀπολύεσθαι τῆς ἀ. 13:12; ἔτη ἔχειν ἐν ἀ. (s. ἔτος end) J 5:5, cp. 11:4; Hs 6, 3, 4. διʼ ἀσθένειαν τῆς σαρκός because of a bodily ailment (Persaeus [III B.C.]: 584 Fgm. 3a Jac. διὰ τὴν τοῦ σώματος ἀσθένειαν; Dio Chrys. 28 [45], 1 σώματος ἀσθ., likew. Ael. Aristid. 27, 2 K.=16 p. 382 D.—PLond III, 971, 4 p. 128 [III/IV A.D.] ἀδύνατος γάρ ἐστιν ἡ γυνὴ διὰ ἀσθένιαν τῆς φύσεως, cp. also PFlor 51, 5 σωματικῆς ἀσθενείας) Gal 4:13. ἀσθένειαι (pl., as 2 Cor 12:5, 9f) times of weakness, weaknesses 1 Ti 5:23. Caused by hostile spirits, the πνεύματα ἀσθενείας Lk 8:2; 13:11.② incapacity for someth. or experience of limitation, weaknessⓐ gener., Hv 3, 11, 4; 3, 12, 2. Opp. δύναμις (Diod S 4, 8, 3: many do not believe the writers of history when they relate the marvelous deeds of one like Heracles, because they judge the δύναμις of the divine hero in comparison with the ἀσθένεια of contemporary pers.) of inability to function as effectively as one might wish 1 Cor 15:43. δυναμοῦσθαι ἀπὸ ἀ. come out of weakness to strength Hb 11:34. In Paul’s ἀ., which appears in τὰ τῆς ἀ. μου 2 Cor 11:30 or αἱ ἀσθένειαι (s. 1 above) 12:5, 9f, all of which suggest ineffectualness, God’s δύναμις manifests itself 12:9 (s. τελέω 1 end), thus in effect converting displays of weakness into heroic performance.ⓑ gener., of the frailty to which all human flesh is heir (Pla., Leg. 854a ἀ. τ. ἀνθρωπίνης φύσεως; Diod S 1, 2, 3 ἡ τῆς φύσεως ἀ.; 13, 24, 4 and 6; Orig., C. Cels. 3, 42, 11; Did., Gen. 55, 19) of Christ (Orig., C. Cels. 3, 42, 11) ἐσταυρώθη ἐξ ἀ. (opp. ἐκ δυνάμεως θεοῦ) he was crucified as a result of his weakness (his vulnerability as a human being) 2 Cor 13:4. περίκειται ἀσθένειαν Hb 5:2. For this ἀ. ἔχειν 7:28.③ lack of confidence or feeling of inadequacy, weakness. Of Paul’s self-effacement, timidity (w. φόβος and τρόμος) 1 Cor 2:3. Of a sense of helplessness (Paul’s friends wish that Paul would remain with them ‘because of their weakness’, i.e. they cannot get along without him) AcPl Ha 6, 36. Of weakness in judgment (cp. Orig., C. Cels. 1, 9, 22) τῆς σαρκός Ro 6:19. Of lack of spiritual insight 8:26. Of moral deficiency 1 Cl 36:1; Hm 4, 3, 4. συμπαθῆσαι ταῖς ἀ. sympathize w. weaknesses Hb 4:15.—MBarré, CBQ 42, ’80, 216–27 (background of persecution in Qumran).—DELG s.v. σθένος. M-M. TW. -
2 μαλακία
μαλακία, ας, ἡ (s. two next entries; variously ‘softness, weakness, weakliness, ailment’ Hdt. et al.; pap, LXX, Philo; Jos., Ant. 4, 169; 17, 109; TestJos 17:7; loanw. in rabb.)① condition of bodily weakness, debility, weakness, sickness (Menand., Fgm. 177, 5 Kö.; Vit. Hom. 36; Dt 7:15; 28:61; Is 38:9) w. νόσος (as in Christian amulets, which are obviously dependent upon NT language: POxy 1151, 27; BGU 954, 12) Mt 4:23; 9:35; 10:1. εἰδὼς φέρειν μαλακίαν who knows how to endure weakness 1 Cl 16:3 (Is 53:3).② condition of inner weakness, faint-heartedness, despondency, lack of energy (Thu. 1, 122, 4; Demosth. 11, 22) pl. (w. διψυχία) Hv 3, 11, 2; 3, 12, 3.—DELG s.v. μαλακός. M-M. TW. -
3 αρρωστία
ἀρρωστίᾱ, ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem nom /voc /acc dualἀρρωστίᾱ, ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic)——————ἀρρωστίαι, ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem nom /voc plἀρρωστίᾱͅ, ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic) -
4 ἀσθενέω
ἀσθενέω fut. ἀσθενήσω; 1 aor. ἠσθένησα; pf. ptc. τὸ ἠσθενικός Ezk 34:4 (s. prec. entry; Eur., Thu. et al.; ins, pap, LXX, TestSol 1:2 codd. VW; Test12Patr, Philo, Joseph.)① to suffer a debilitating illness, be sick (SIG 596, 16 ἰατρὸν τὸν θεραπεύσοντα τοὺς ἀσθενοῦντας; 620, 43; POxy 725, 40; BGU 844, 12; PLond II, 144, 8 p. 253 [I A.D.?] et al.; for others s. Preis. index) Mt 25:39; Lk 7:10 v.l.; J 4:46; 11:1, 2, 3, 6; Phil 2:26f; 2 Ti 4:20; Js 5:14; ἀ. νόσοις ποικίλαις suffer from various diseases Lk 4:40.—Pres. ptc. oft. as subst. sick person J 5:7, 13 v.l.; mostly pl., Mt 10:8; Mk 6:56; Lk 9:2 v.l.; J 5:3; 6:2; Ac 19:12; 1 Cl 59:4.—The aor. means I was sick Mt 25:36 or I have become sick Ac 9:37 (Palaeph. p. 44, 2 ἡ Ἕλλη ἀσθενήσασα ἀπέθανεν).② to experience some personal incapacity or limitation, be weak of weakness in general 2 Cor 12:10; ἀ. εἴς τινα (opp. δυνατεῖν ἔν τινι) be weak toward someone 2 Cor 13:3; cp. vss. 4, 9.—Of weakness caused by fear or caution 2 Cor 11:21 (for the satire cp. Demosth. 18, 320). Of weakness in determining correct courses of action Ro 14:2; 1 Cor 8:11f; 2 Cl 17:2; ἀ. τῇ πίστει be weak in faith 4:19; 14:1 (i.e. over-scrupulous). W. σκανδαλίζεσθαι Ro 14:21 v.l. Gener. of faint-heartedness and timidity 2 Cor 11:29.—Be weakened, disabled (Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 24, 3; Jos., Bell. 2, 329, Ant. 6, 370; Sb 5113, 19) of the law’s weakness: ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει because it was weakened Ro 8:3.③ to experience lack of material necessities, be in need (Eur.; Aristoph., Pax 636; PHib 113, 17; UPZ 110, 22; ἠσθενηκότες PTebt 188 [II/I B.C.]) Ac 20:35 (s. ἀσθενής 2c).—DELG s.v. σθένος. M-M. TW. -
5 ασθενώσει
ἀσθένωσιςweakness: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)ἀσθενώσεϊ, ἀσθένωσιςweakness: fem dat sg (epic)ἀσθένωσιςweakness: fem dat sg (attic ionic)ἀσθενόωweaken: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)ἀσθενόωweaken: fut ind mid 2nd sgἀσθενόωweaken: fut ind act 3rd sgἀ̱σθενώσει, ἀσθενόωweaken: futperf ind mp 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἀ̱σθενώσει, ἀσθενόωweaken: futperf ind act 3rd sg (doric aeolic) -
6 ἀσθενώσει
ἀσθένωσιςweakness: fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)ἀσθενώσεϊ, ἀσθένωσιςweakness: fem dat sg (epic)ἀσθένωσιςweakness: fem dat sg (attic ionic)ἀσθενόωweaken: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)ἀσθενόωweaken: fut ind mid 2nd sgἀσθενόωweaken: fut ind act 3rd sgἀ̱σθενώσει, ἀσθενόωweaken: futperf ind mp 2nd sg (doric aeolic)ἀ̱σθενώσει, ἀσθενόωweaken: futperf ind act 3rd sg (doric aeolic) -
7 ἀσθενής
ἀσθενής, ές (Pind., Hdt.+; loanw. in rabb.) adj., of that which lacks strength: ‘weak, powerless’.① pert. to suffering from a debilitating illness, sick, ill ἄνθρωπος ἀ. Ac 4:9. Subst. ὁ ἀ. the sick person (Diod S 1, 34, 4) Mt 25:43f; Lk 9:2; 10:9; Ac 5:15f; 1 Cl 59:4 (ἀσεβεῖς cod. H); Pol 6:1. W. ἄρρωστος 1 Cor 11:30 (on the connection betw. wrongdoing and disease cp. PMich Inv. 3690, 7–11 [ZPE 4, ’69, 123]).② pert. to experiencing some incapacity or limitation, weakⓐ of physical weakness. Opp. ἰσχυρός (cp. Ael. Aristid. 36 p. 690 D.; Philo, Aet. M. 58) 1 Cl 38:2; cp. Hv 3, 11, 4; ἡ σὰρξ ἀ. the flesh is weak, gives up too easily Mt 26:41; Mk 14:38; Pol 7:2. ἀ. τῇ σαρκί Hs 9, 1, 2. Of woman (PAmh 141, 16 [restored]; PFlor 58, 14 γυνὴ ἀσθενής; cp. POxy 2713, 8f; EpArist 250) ἀσθενέστερον σκεῦος weaker vessel, i.e. sex 1 Pt 3:7; ἀ. τῷ σώματι physically weak (cp. PFlor 382, 41; abs. Tat. 32, 3) 1 Cl 6:2. ἡ παρουσία τοῦ σώματος ἀ. his personal presence is weak i.e. unimpressive 2 Cor 10:10 (cp. Demosth. 18, 152, s. FDanker, in: Persuasive Artistry [GAKennedy Festschr.] ’91, 276). Acc. to many modern scholars, of spirit beings that can do nothing (w. πτωχός) τὰ ἀ. στοιχεῖα the weak elementary spirits Gal 4:9 (s. στοιχεῖον 2). In imagery of the Christian community: comp., of inferior stones too weak, i.e. incapable of standing great strain Hs 9, 8, 4; 6.ⓑ of relative ineffectiveness, whether external or inward weak, feeble, ineffectual ἡμεῖς ἀ. 1 Cor 4:10; τὰ μέλη ἀσθενέστερα the weaker, less important members 12:22. W. φθαρτός the heart viewed as a shrine B 16:7.—τὸ ἀσθενές = ἡ ἀσθένεια (Thu. 2, 61, 2; POxy 71 II, 4 τὸ τῆς φύσεως ἀ.; Jos., Ant. 13, 430) w. τὸ ἀνωφελές Hb 7:18; τὸ ἀ. τοῦ θεοῦ the weakness of God: even what is weak acc. to human standards becomes effective as soon as it comes fr. God 1 Cor 1:25.—τὰ ἀ. τοῦ κόσμου what is weak in (the eyes of) the world 1:27.ⓒ of the inner life. ὄντων ἡμῶν ἀ. (=ἁμαρτωλῶν vs. 8) helpless in a moral sense Ro 5:6. Of a weakness in faith, which, through lack of advanced knowledge, considers externals of the greatest importance (cp. Epict. 1, 8, 8 ἀπαιδεύτοις κ. ἀσθενέσι) 1 Cor 8:7, 9f (WMcGarry, Eccl. Rev. 94, ’37, 609–17). ἐγενόμην τοῖς ἀ. ἀ. to those who are weak in faith I became as they are 1 Cor 9:22; ἀντέχεσθαι τῶν ἀ. take care of the weak 1 Th 5:14.—Weak, without influence συγγένεια 1 Cl 10:2. οἱ ἀσθενέστεροι Dg 10:5 (but here ἀ. could have the mng. economically weak, poor, as pap, e.g. UPZ 17, 23; BGU 1815, 6; 1843, 14; 1863, 10; PHib 113, 17; PThéad 20, 15 τὰς ἀσθενεστέρας κώμας; s. ἀσθενέω 3).—ERiggenbach, StKr 66, 1893, 649–78; MRauer, D. ‘Schwachen’ in Korinth u. Rom nach den Pls-briefen 1923.—B. 298. New Docs 4, 132–34. DELG s.v. σθένος. M-M. -
8 αρρωστίαι
ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem nom /voc plἀρρωστίᾱͅ, ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic) -
9 ἀρρωστίαι
ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem nom /voc plἀρρωστίᾱͅ, ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic) -
10 αρρωστίας
ἀρρωστίᾱς, ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem acc plἀρρωστίᾱς, ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem gen sg (attic doric aeolic) -
11 ἀρρωστίας
ἀρρωστίᾱς, ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem acc plἀρρωστίᾱς, ἀρρωστίαweakness: fem gen sg (attic doric aeolic) -
12 ασθενοποιόν
ἀσθενοποιόςcausing weakness: masc /fem acc sgἀσθενοποιόςcausing weakness: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
13 ἀσθενοποιόν
ἀσθενοποιόςcausing weakness: masc /fem acc sgἀσθενοποιόςcausing weakness: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
14 μικροσφυξία
μικροσφυξίᾱ, μικροσφυξίαweakness of pulse: fem nom /voc /acc dualμικροσφυξίᾱ, μικροσφυξίαweakness of pulse: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic) -
15 μικροφωνίας
μικροφωνίᾱς, μικροφωνίαweakness of voice: fem acc plμικροφωνίᾱς, μικροφωνίαweakness of voice: fem gen sg (attic doric aeolic) -
16 ολιγηπελία
ὀλιγηπελίᾱ, ὀλιγηπελίαweakness: fem nom /voc /acc dualὀλιγηπελίᾱ, ὀλιγηπελίαweakness: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic) -
17 ὀλιγηπελία
ὀλιγηπελίᾱ, ὀλιγηπελίαweakness: fem nom /voc /acc dualὀλιγηπελίᾱ, ὀλιγηπελίαweakness: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic) -
18 ἀρρωστία
ἀρρωστ-ία, ἡ,A weakness, sickness, Hp.VM6, etc.: pl., Arist.EN 1115a2, SIG731.7 (Tomi, i B. C.): esp. lingering ailment, bad state of health, Phryn.PSp.10 B.;ἀ. τοῦ ἀδικεῖν Pl.R. 359b
.2 moral weakness, D.Prooem.53; loss of morale, Th.7.47;ἀ. τις διανοίας Arist. Ph. 253a33
: c. gen., ἀ. τοῦ στρατεύειν lack of eagerness to serve, Th. 3.15, cf. Phryn.PSp.10 B.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀρρωστία
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19 ἀσθένεια
ἀσθέν-εια, ἡ,A want of strength, weakness, Th.1.3, etc.: in pl.,ἰσχύες καὶ ἀ. Pl.R. 618d
; esp. feebleness, sickliness, Hdt.4.135;ἀ. τοῦ γήρως Antipho 4.3.2
, Pl.R. 330e;σωμάτων Th.4.36
, etc.3ἀ. βίου
poverty,Hdt.
2.47, 8.51.4 in moral sense, feebleness, weakness,τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης φύσεως Pl.Lg. 854a
, cf. Arist.EN 1150b19;τοῦ ἀκροατοῦ Arist.Rh. 1419a18
.—Rare in poetry, as E.HF 269. -έω, to be weak, feeble, sickly, ἀ. μέλη to be weak in limb, E.Or. 228;τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἀ. Pl.Ly. 209e
; ἀ. ἀσθένειαν Id.Chrm. 155b: abs., E.Hipp. 274, Th.7.47, Ev.Matt.10.8, etc.; ἠσθένησε he fell sick, D.1.13; sick man,Hp.
VM 12 (Phot. says that μαλακίζεσθχι is used of women);ἠσθενηκότα Plb. 31.13.7
.3 c. inf., to be too weak to do a thing, not to be able.., J.BJ2.15.5;εἰς τὸ θεωρεῖν Plot.3.8.4
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀσθένεια
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20 ἀσθένημα
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀσθένημα
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