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61 amplifier
1) усилитель2) приемник ( прямого усиления)•- acoustic amplifier
- adder amplifier
- all-pass amplifier
- all-purpose amplifier
- all-radial amplifier
- antenna amplifier
- aperiodic amplifier
- audio-distribution amplifier
- audio-frequency amplifier
- audio-video amplifier
- automatic stereophonic recording amplifier
- auxiliary amplifier
- AV-amplifier
- average power amplifier
- backward-wave amplifier
- B-amplifier
- bandpass amplifier
- base amplifier
- beam-parametric amplifier
- binaural-power amplifier
- bioelectric-potential amplifier
- bistable amplifier
- bootstrap amplifier
- branching amplifier
- bridge magnetic amplifier
- bridging amplifier
- broadband amplifier
- broadcasting amplifier
- buck-boost amplifier
- buffer amplifier
- bullet amplifier
- burst amplifier
- calibrated amplifier
- camera amplifier
- capacitor-coupled amplifier
- carrier amplifier
- cascade-coupled amplifier
- cascaded amplifier
- cathode-coupled amplifier
- cavity-type diode amplifier
- ceramic amplifier
- channel amplifier
- choke amplifier
- chopper-stabilized amplifier
- chroma-bandpass amplifier
- chrominance amplifier
- clamped amplifier
- class-A amplifier
- class-AB amplifier
- class-B amplifier
- class-C amplifier
- class-D amplifier
- class-E amplifier
- class-F amplifier
- clipper amplifier
- coaxial amplifier
- coherent-light amplifier
- coincidence amplifier
- cold-cathode amplifier
- color-burst amplifier
- common-collector amplifier
- common-drain amplifier
- common-emitter amplifier
- common-gate amplifier
- common-source amplifier
- compensated amplifier
- compressor amplifier
- conference amplifier
- continuous-signal amplifier
- controlled amplifier
- controlling amplifier
- convertor amplifier
- correcting-antenna amplifier
- coupling amplifier
- cross-field amplifier
- current amplifier
- dc amplifier
- dc power amplifier
- dc restoration amplifier
- deflection amplifier
- degenerate amplifier
- degenerative amplifier
- delay amplifier
- dielectric amplifier
- differential amplifier
- differentiating amplifier
- differentiation amplifier
- digital sound processor amplifier
- digital sound-field processor amplifier
- digitally-controlled amplifier
- diode amplifier
- direct resistance-coupled amplifier
- direct-communication amplifier
- distribution amplifier
- DMB-amplifier
- Doherty amplifier
- double-circuit amplifier
- double-stream amplifier
- double-tuned amplifier
- drift-compensated amplifier
- drift-corrected amplifier
- drift-free amplifier
- driver amplifier
- dual-operational amplifier
- dual-trace amplifier
- duct amplifier
- duplex amplifier
- earlike-response amplifier
- electric-organ amplifier
- electrometric amplifier
- electron-beam amplifier
- electronically-tunable amplifier
- electron-tube amplifier
- elementary amplifier
- end amplifier
- error amplifier
- error-signal amplifier
- extender amplifier
- fader amplifier
- fast-operating amplifier
- feedback amplifier
- feedforward amplifier
- ferrite amplifier
- ferromagnetic amplifier
- fiber-optic system amplifier
- field amplifier
- field-input amplifier
- filter amplifier
- final amplifier
- fixed-gain amplifier
- flat amplifier
- flat-staggered amplifier
- flip-flop amplifier
- follow-up amplifier
- forming amplifier
- forward-wave amplifier
- four-channel power amplifier
- four-stage amplifier
- frame amplifier
- frequency-selective amplifier
- functional amplifier
- gain-matched amplifier
- gain-stabilized amplifier
- galvanic amplifier
- G-amplifier
- gated amplifier
- generator amplifier
- grounded-anode amplifier
- grounded-base amplifier
- grounded-cathode amplifier
- grounded-collector amplifier
- grounded-drain amplifier
- grounded-emitter amplifier
- grounded-gate amplifier
- grounded-grid amplifier
- grounded-plate amplifier
- group amplifier
- group reception amplifier
- group transmission amplifier
- guitar amplifier
- Gunn amplifier
- half-wave amplifier
- head amplifier
- heterodyne amplifier
- Hi-Fi amplifier
- high-current power amplifier
- high-frequency amplifier
- home theater amplifier
- horizontal amplifier
- IF amplifier
- image amplifier
- image-rejecting intermediate amplifier
- IMPATT amplifier
- inductance amplifier
- input amplifier
- instrumentation amplifier
- integrated amplifier
- integrating amplifier
- intensity amplifier
- intermediate-frequency amplifier
- intermediate-power amplifier
- interphone amplifier
- inverting amplifier
- isolating amplifier
- klystron amplifier
- laser amplifier
- launch amplifier
- light amplifier
- limiter amplifier
- limiting amplifier
- line amplifier
- line frequency amplifier
- line power amplifier
- line voltage amplifier
- linear amplifier
- lin-log amplifier
- listening amplifier
- lock-in amplifier
- locomotive receiver amplifier
- logarithmic amplifier
- loud-speaking announcement amplifier
- low-frequency amplifier
- low-noise amplifier
- low-power amplifier
- luminance amplifier
- magnetic amplifier
- magnetron amplifier
- main amplifier
- maser amplifier
- master oscillator amplifier
- matched amplifier
- matrix amplifier
- measuring amplifier
- microphone amplifier
- microstrip amplifier
- microwave amplifier
- mixing amplifier
- modulated amplifier
- monaural power amplifier
- monitoring amplifier
- monolithic amplifier
- multichannel amplifier
- multistage amplifier
- narrow-band amplifier
- narrow-gate amplifier
- n-channel amplifier
- negative resistance amplifier
- negatron amplifier
- noiseless amplifier
- noise-suppressing amplifier
- noncooled amplifier
- nondegenerate amplifier
- noninverting amplifier
- nonlinear amplifier
- note amplifier
- n-stage amplifier
- operating amplifier
- operation amplifier
- optical amplifier
- optoelectronic amplifier
- output amplifier
- overdriven amplifier
- packaged amplifier
- paging amplifier
- parallel amplifier
- paramagnetic amplifier
- parametric amplifier
- paraphase amplifier
- peaked amplifier
- personal tone amplifier
- phase sensor amplifier
- photocurrent amplifier
- pip amplifier
- plasma amplifier
- playback amplifier
- plug-in amplifier
- power amplifier
- precision amplifier
- printed-circuit amplifier
- processing amplifier
- program amplifier
- pulse-distribution amplifier
- push-pull electret amplifier
- push-pull magnetic amplifier
- quadrature amplifier
- quantum amplifier
- radio-frequency amplifier
- Raman amplifier
- R-amplifier
- RC-coupled amplifier
- reactance amplifier
- read amplifier
- reception amplifier
- reciprocal amplifier
- recording amplifier
- recuperative amplifier
- reflecting amplifier
- regenerative amplifier
- remote-tuned amplifier
- repeating amplifier
- reproducing amplifier
- resistance-capacitance amplifier
- resonance amplifier
- resonant amplifier
- reversed-feedback amplifier
- RF-amplifier
- rotary amplifier
- rotating amplifier
- running wave lamp amplifier
- saturated amplifier
- selective amplifier
- self-feedback amplifier
- sense amplifier
- separate amplifier
- series amplifier
- sharpener amplifier
- SHF-amplifier
- signal-shaping amplifier
- simplest amplifier
- simplex amplifier
- single-ended amplifier
- single-frequency amplifier
- single-section amplifier
- single-sideband amplifier
- single-sided amplifier
- single-stage amplifier
- single-step amplifier
- single-tuned amplifier
- slicer amplifier
- solid-state amplifier
- sound frequency amplifier
- source-follower amplifier
- speech amplifier
- square-low amplifier
- square-wave amplifier
- stabilized amplifier
- stable amplifier
- stagger-tuned amplifier
- stereo/mono power amplifier
- straight amplifier
- strip-line amplifier
- studio amplifier
- subscriber amplifier
- Suhl amplifier
- summing amplifier
- super-recuperative amplifier
- supersonic amplifier
- surface-acoustic-wave amplifier
- sweep amplifier
- tandem amplifier
- tapered amplifier
- telephone-repeater amplifier
- terminal amplifier
- TFT-amplifier
- threshold amplifier
- time-shared amplifier
- track-and-hold amplifier
- transceiving amplifier
- transferred-electron amplifier
- transformer amplifier
- transformer-coupled amplifier
- transimpedance amplifier
- transistor amplifier
- transmission-type amplifier
- transmitter amplifier
- traveling wave amplifier
- tuned amplifier
- tunnel diode amplifier
- TV-antenna amplifier
- two-channel playback amplifier
- two-step amplifier
- two-way amplifier
- ultralinear amplifier
- unloading amplifier
- untapered amplifier
- utility video amplifier
- vacuum-tube amplifier
- valve amplifier
- variable transmitter amplifier
- video amplifier
- video-frequency amplifier
- voltage amplifier
- voltage-controlled amplifier
- volume-limiting amplifier
- vortex amplifier
- wide-band amplifier
- writing amplifier
- X-amplifier
- X-axis amplifier
- Y-amplifier
- Y-axis amplifier
- zero-phase drift amplifierEnglish-Russian dictionary of telecommunications and their abbreviations > amplifier
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62 road
1) = safety barrier2) дорога; путь; шоссе; улица; мостовая; II дорожный- road beacon - road-blading - road-block - Road Board - road border - road brightness - road buildings - road call - road clearance - road conditions - road congestion - road contact of tyre - road crossing - road fork - road-hugging - road hump - road illumination - road in a bad state of repair - road inequalities - road lay-out - road leveller - road location - road machinery - road maintenance - road map - road metal - road money - road noise - road obstruction - road of bridge- road oil- road racing - road resistance - road ripper - road roller - road section - road-sense - road service - road shocks - road shoulder - road side - road sign - road speed - road stability - road straights - road surface - road sweeper - road sweeping machine - road system - road-tanker - road tar - road tell-tale light - road train - road transport - road turn - road under repair - road upkeep - road usage - road vehicle units - road wander - road wave - road wear - road weight - road wheel - road wheel contact - road wheel torque meter- by-road- dry road- hay road- ice road- oil mat road - open road - rippled road - rock road - rough road - rural road - rut-road - rutted road - rutty road - safe fast road - sand-clay road - sand-gravel road - sandwich concrete road - second-class road - secondary road - service road - service motor road - side-road - silicated road - single-lane road - slick road - slippery road - slushy road - soil road - soil-asphalt road - soil bituminous road - soil-cement road - spur road - stable soil road - stony road - sunk road - sunken road - surfaced road - tar-sprayed road - tarred road - through road - through traffic road - toll road - top-soil road - tortuous road - tote road - tough road - township roads - traffic road - traffic-bound road - travel road - twisting road - twisty road - two-coat road - two-track road - two-way road - uneven road - unimproved road - unmetalled road - urban through road - wagon road - washboard road - water-bound broken-stone road - well-bottomed road - wet road - winding road - wire-mesh road - wood road - worn-down road -
63 delivery
1. приёмно-выводное устройство2. вывод3. приёмка4. доставка, разноскаstop delivery — приостановить сдачу; приостановить доставку
delay in delivery — задержка в доставке; задержка в сдаче
5. нагнетание6. производительностьdelivery volume — объем подачи; производительность
7. продукция8. автоматическое приёмно-выводное устройство9. автоматический вывод листа10. приёмный цепной транспортёр11. цепное листовыводное устройствоdouble delivery — сдвоенное приёмное устройство, приёмное устройство вывода продукции двумя потоками
12. производительность вентилятора13. ротационное устройство, передающее сфальцованные тетради на выводной транспортёр14. фронтальный вывод15. приёмное устройство, расположенное со стороны самонакладаline delivery — перемещение строки, подача строки
printed-side-up front delivery — устройство для фронтального вывода оттисков запечатанной стороной вверх
16. листовыводное устройство17. листовая приёмка -
64 radio
radio nрадиосвязьaerodrome control radioаэродромная радиостанция командной связиaeronautical radio bandдиапазон авиационных радиочастотairborne radioбортовая радиостанцияairborne radio installationбортовая радиоустановкаbasic radio facilitiesосновные радиосредстваbeam radio stationрадиостанция направленного действияbroadcasting radio stationшироковещательная радиостанцияcontrol radio stationрадиостанция диспетчерской связиdirectional radioрадиопеленгаторdirectional radio beaconнаправленный радиомаякdownlink satellite radio channelканал спутниковой радиосвязи воздух - земляemergency radioаварийное радиооборудованиеemergency radio channelзапасной канал радиосвязиen-route radio fixрадиопеленг на маршрутеgrid radio bearingусловный пеленг радиостанцииincorporated aeronautical radioсеть совместного авиационного радиообслуживанияlow-range radio altimeterрадиовысотомер малых высотmagnetic radio bearingмагнитный пеленг радиостанцииnondirectional radio beaconненаправленный радиомаякomnidirectional radio rangeвсенаправленныйprimary radio facilitiesпервичные радиосредстваpulse radio communicationимпульсная связьradio aidsрадиосредстваradio alertрадиосигнал готовностиradio altimeterрадиолокационный высотомерradio approach aidsрадиосредства захода на посадкуradio bandдиапазон радиочастотradio beaconрадиомаякradio beamрадиолучradio bearingпеленг радиостанцииradio call signпозывной радиосвязиradio channelканал радио связиradio checkпроверка радиосвязиradio communicationрадиосвязьradio communication equipmentрадиотехнические средства связиradio communication stationсвязная радиостанцияradio compassрадиокомпасradio compass stationрадиопеленгаторная станцияradio contactрадиоконтактradio control boardпульт управления по радиоradio detectorрадиолокаторradio deviationрадиодевиацияradio directional bearingкурс на радиостанциюradio direction finderрадиопеленгаторradio direction findingрадиопеленгацияradio direction finding apparatusрадиопеленгаторradio direction-finding stationрадиопеленгаторная станцияradio engineerинженер по радиоэлектронному оборудованиюradio equipmentрадиооборудованиеradio facilitiesрадиосредстваradio facility chartсхема размещения радиосредствradio failureнарушение радиосвязиradio failure procedureпорядок действий при отказе радиосвязиradio fixingопределение местоположения с помощью радиосредстваradio flyвыполнение полетов с помощью радиосредствradio frequency channelрадиочастотный каналradio guidanceрадионаведениеradio heightвысота по радиовысотомеруradio homingрадиопеленгацияradio homing beaconприводной радиомаякradio horizonрадиогоризонтradio identificationрадиоопознаваниеradio interferenceрадиопомехиradio interference suppressionподавление радиопомехradio linkлиния радиосвязиradio link circuitцепь радиосвязиradio listening watchпрослушивание радиосвязиradio magnetic indicatorрадиомагнитный указательradio markerмаркерный радиомаякradio mastрадиомачтаradio navigationрадионавигацияradio navigation chartрадионавигационная картаradio navigation facilitiesрадионавигационные средстваradio navigation flightполет с помощью радионавигационных средствradio navigation serviceслужба авиационной радионавигацииradio navigation systemрадионавигационная системаradio noiseрадиопомехиradio rackэтажерка радиооборудованияradio rangeрадиус действия радиомаякаradio range beaconнаправленный радиомаякradio range legравносигнальная зона радиомаякаradio receiverрадиоприемникradio receptionрадиоприемradio remote controlрадиодистанционное управлениеradio setрадиоустановкаradio shieldingрадиоэкранированиеradio stationрадиостанцияradio station codeкод радиостанцииradio systemрадиосистемаradio tickрадиосигнал точного времениradio time signalрадиосигнал точного времениradio trackingрадиосопровождениеradio trafficрадиообменradio transmissionрадиопередачаradio transmitterрадиопередатчикradio waveрадиоволнаreflected radio waveотраженная волнаsecondary radio facilitiesвторичные радиосредстваsend out radio waveпосылать радиосигналsent-out radio waveизлучаемый радиосигналshort range radio navigation systemрадиосистема ближней навигацииtrack from secondary radio facilityмаршрут полета в направлении от вторичных радиосредствtrue radio bearingистинный пеленг радиостанцииtwo-way radio failure procedureпорядок действия при отказе двусторонней радиосвязиVHF omnidirectional radio rangeвсенаправленный ОВЧ-РАДИОМАЯКvisual-aural radio rangeвизуально-звуковой радиомаяк -
65 satellite
1) искусственный спутник Земли, ИСЗ2) спутник•to place satellite in orbit — выводить спутник на орбиту;-
amateur satellite
-
application technology satellite
-
backup satellite
-
beam-switched satellite
-
biological satellite
-
broadcasting satellite
-
communications satellite
-
co-orbiting satellite
-
dedicated satellite
-
direct readout satellite
-
direct-broadcast satellite
-
direct-to-home satellite
-
earth radiation budget satellite
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earth resources technology satellite
-
earth resources satellite
-
earth-exploration satellite
-
environment satellite
-
GEO satellite
-
HEO satellite
-
high-altitude satellite
-
high-apogee satellite
-
high-earth orbit satellite
-
high-inclination satellite
-
high-orbit satellite
-
high-resolution radar mapping satellite
-
in-orbit satellite
-
leased satellite
-
LEO satellite
-
low-altitude satellite
-
low-apogee satellite
-
low-earth orbit satellite
-
low-orbit satellite
-
meteorological satellite
-
microwave power satellite
-
mobile satellite
-
multibeam satellite
-
near-earth satellite
-
near-polar-orbiting satellite
-
nonsun-synchronized satellite
-
nuclear power satellite
-
observatory satellite
-
ocean-dedicated satellite
-
oceanographic satellite
-
one-way satellite
-
passive satellite
-
polar orbiting satellite
-
reflector satellite
-
relay satellite
-
round-trip satellite
-
search and rescue satellite
-
solar max satellite
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solar power satellite
-
solar-radiation satellite
-
space electric rocket test satellite
-
space laser power system-powered satellite
-
spin-stabilized satellite
-
station-keeping satellite
-
subsynchronous satellite
-
sun-earth observatory satellite
-
supersynchronous satellite
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telecommunication satellite
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television and infrared observing satellite
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temperature-sounding satellite
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transmitting satellite
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two-way satellite
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weather satellite -
66 classification
1) классификация
2) классификационный
3) рубрикация
4) рубрицирование
5) группирование
6) группировка
7) ранжировка
8) систематизация
9) сортировка
10) рассев
– classification system
– classification yard
– dry classification
– field classification
– manifold classification
– one-way classification
– two-way classification
higher classification grouping — группировка классификационная высшая
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67 interface
1) интерфейс; устройство сопряжения; средства сопряжения; блок связи2) сопряжение; согласование; стыковка || сопрягать, сопрягаться; согласовывать, согласовываться, стыковать, стыковаться3) зона контакта; поверхность контакта; зона сопряжения; граница раздела4) граница между двумя системами или приборами; место стыковки•- active interface
- AGV interface
- all-to-all interface
- application interface
- application procedural interface
- application program interface
- asynchronous serial interface
- axis drive interface
- behind the tape reader interface
- CAD/CAM interface
- CMM interface
- control interface
- conversational interface
- customized hardware-and-software interface
- D/A interface
- database interface
- digital serial interface
- direct interface
- direct manipulation interface
- disconnectable interface
- DMA interface
- dual-user interface
- engineered interface
- generic interface
- graphic interface
- graphical interface
- grinding interface
- hardware interface
- human interface
- machine magnetics interface
- machine tool/numerical control interface
- machine/control interface
- machine-tool interface
- machining interface
- man/machine interface
- material-handling interface
- mechanical interface
- menu-button interface
- menu-driven interface
- metal-environment interface
- metal-to-metal interface
- microprocessor-based interface
- model interface
- motif-based user interface
- MTB interface
- multiplex interface
- noise immune interface
- one-object-at-a-time interface
- one-to-all interface
- one-to-one interface
- open interface
- operator interface
- operator-machine interface
- pallet-to-machine interface
- PC interface
- PC to servo system interface
- production/stores interface
- programmable controller interface
- programmable interface
- programmable keyboard/display interface
- programmable machine interface
- quality interface
- relay interface
- remote communication interface
- reprogrammable interface
- robot interface
- serial interface
- servo interface
- set-oriented interface
- software interface
- spline interface
- stylus-master interface
- teaching interface
- tool-to-workpiece interface
- tool-work interface
- trueing interface
- two-way interface
- user interface
- user-system interface
- Windows interface
- worker/equipment interfacesEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > interface
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68 exchange
1) обмен (напр., кодами или информацией); замена || обменивать (напр., кодами или информацией); заменять2) (автоматический) коммутатор каналов; аппаратура обмена•- bus exchange
- complex exchange
- cross-system exchange
- data exchange
- dial exchange
- end-to-end exchange
- input-output exchange
- intergateway exchange
- internetwork packet exchange
- link exchange
- manual exchange
- memory exchange
- message exchange
- pairwise exchange
- private automatic exchange
- private branch exchange
- remote computing system exchange
- storage exchange
- teletype exchange
- total exchange
- trunk exchange
- two-way exchange
- vertical exchangeEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > exchange
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69 TWS
1. tactical warning system - тактическая система аварийной сигнализации;2. tactical weather station - тактическая метеостанция;3. tail warning set - РЛС защиты хвостовой части;4. teletypewriter exchange service - абонентская телеграфная станция с телетайпами, служба телекс;5. thermal weapon sight - оружейный ночной инфракрасный прицел;6. timing and waveform simulator - имитатор формы и временных характеристик периодических сигналов;7. track-while-scan - слежение в процессе обзора; слежение в процессе сканирования;8. two-way simultaneous operation - работа в дуплексном режиме -
70 equipment
1) оборудование; аппаратура2) оснащение3) устройство•- active equipment
- airborne-electrooptical equipment
- amplifying equipment
- amplitude-modulation equipment
- analog-facsimile equipment
- audio equipment
- audio-visual equipment
- automatic-answerback equipment
- automatic-switching equipment
- auxiliary audio equipment
- backup equipment
- built-in equipment
- cable-input equipment
- calling equipment
- channel-dividing equipment
- channel-multiplexing equipment
- ciphony equipment
- command-data equipment
- communication security equipment
- COMSEC equipment
- conference communication equipment
- container-point communication equipment
- control-signaling equipment
- cross equipment
- customer-premises equipment
- data-circuit terminating equipment
- data-communication equipment
- data-compression equipment
- data-processing equipment
- data-terminal equipment
- data-transcription equipment
- data-transmission equipment
- dialing equipment
- dial-switching equipment
- digital-facsimile equipment
- digital-intercontinental conversion equipment
- domestic radioelectronic equipment
- duplex telegraph exchange equipment
- duplex universal trunking equipment
- emergency automation equipment
- explosion-proof equipment
- facsimile-telegraph equipment
- field equipment
- FIP equipment
- floor equipment
- grandfathered-terminal equipment
- ground communication equipment
- hoister-to-cage communication equipment
- hydroacoustical equipment
- image pick-up equipment
- inductive communication equipment
- industrial RF-equipment
- information technology equipment
- in-plant equipment
- input/output equipment
- input-and-monitoring equipment
- interface equipment
- intermediate conversion equipment
- ISDN-compatible equipment
- letter-printing fidelity increasing equipment
- limited-protection voice equipment
- line path equipment
- loudspeaking fireproof communication equipment
- magnetic-drum receiving equipment
- marine radiocommunication equipment
- medical electric equipment
- medical RF-equipment
- mine's exchange equipment
- movable HF-communication equipment
- network termination equipment
- new-customer premises equipment
- nonstationary equipment
- operative communication equipment
- photofacsimile equipment
- portable equipment
- protection equipment
- radioelectronic aircraft equipment
- radioelectronic satellite equipment
- radiopoint equipment
- radiotelegraph equipment
- railway-crossing communication equipment
- remote announcement equipment
- remote control equipment
- repeating equipment
- scientific RF-equipment
- security equipment
- selective communication equipment
- selective digital call equipment
- service equipment
- service-channel equipment
- signal-equalizing equipment
- signal-generating equipment
- signal-processing equipment
- sound transmission equipment
- spark-safe digital communication equipment
- stand-alone radiotelephone system equipment
- standard channel derivation equipment
- start-stop synchronous equipment
- station equipment
- studio equipment
- submarine communication equipment
- subscriber equipment
- switching equipment
- telecine equipment
- telecontrol equipment
- telegraph equipment equipment
- telemechanic equipment
- telemonitoring equipment
- terminal equipment
- testing-measuring equipment
- thirty-channel digital equipment
- through-group equipment
- through-supergroup equipment
- tone-telegraphing equipment
- transmission equipment
- TRI-TAC equipment
- trunking equipment
- USB-communication marine equipment
- USB-communication water transport equipment
- VHF radiotelephone two-way equipment
- video equipment
- wire diving communication equipment
- wireless diving communication equipmentEnglish-Russian dictionary of telecommunications and their abbreviations > equipment
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71 cutting
стружка; опилки; лоскутки; обрезки; обрезь; обрезок (пиломатериал); нарезание; насечка; резание; резка (напр. газовая); разрезка; разрезание; срезание; перерезание; строжка; обработка резанием; фрезерование; гранение; выемка (бульдозером); разъединение; разрыв; отсоединение; отключение; выключение; отсечка (тока); запирание (цепи); отсечение; вырезание; отбрасывание стр. выемка грунта; лес. подрубка; врубка; рубка; тесание; распиливание; с.х. косьба; кошение; покос; отросток; отводок; черенок- cutting accuracy - cutting amperage - cutting and bending - cutting-and-mixing machine - cutting-and-molding machine - cutting and shearing plant - cutting angle - cutting apparatus - cutting area - cutting area work - cutting assemblage - cutting axis - cutting-back - cutting band - cutting-bit head - cutting burrs - cutting by blowtorch - cutting by waterjet - cutting cam - cutting capability - cutting ceramics - cutting chain - cutting chute - cutting conditions - cutting coolant - cutting-cooling medium - cutting cycle - cutting depth - cutting device - cutting diamond - cutting die - cutting divider - cutting down - cutting-down - cutting drag - cutting drum - cutting-edge - cutting edge - cutting edge angle - cutting edge configuration - cutting edge form - cutting edge inclination - cutting edge length - cutting edge normal plane - cutting edge of a knife - cutting edge of machining technology - cutting edge package - cutting-edge seal - cutting edge sharpness - cutting edge technology - cutting-edge technology - cutting edge tip - cutting effect - cutting efficiency - cutting effort - cutting electrode - cutting emulsion - cutting end - cutting end shape - cutting energy - cutting engagement - cutting equipment - cutting face - cutting feed rate - cutting feed speed - cutting flame - cutting fluid - cutting-fluid recycling - cutting flute - cutting force - cutting force component - cutting force deflection - cutting force dynamometer - cutting force-induced error - cutting force per unit area of cut - cutting force per unit width of cut - cutting forceps - cutting frame - cutting from the solid - cutting gage - cutting gas - cutting geometry - cutting giant - cutting grade - cutting head - cutting head assembly - cutting-head-height-and-collision sensor - cutting heat - cutting height - cutting-in - cutting in a smooth pattern - cutting in a spiral pattern - cutting-in speed - cutting-in speed of over drive - cutting-in time - cutting inaccuracies - cutting insert - cutting installation - cutting instrument - cutting interval - cutting iron - cutting jet - cutting jib - cutting job - cutting knife - cutting laser tool - cutting length - cutting life - cutting line - cutting liquid - cutting load - cutting load signal - cutting-loading machine - cutting lubricant - cutting machine - cutting machine scratch - cutting machine tool technology - cutting machine with coordinate drive - cutting material - cutting mechanics - cutting mechanism - cutting medium - cutting member - cutting metal - cutting mode - cutting motion - cutting movement - cutting nippers - cutting noise - cutting nozzle - cutting of fuel oils - cutting-off-abrasive wheel - cutting-off - cutting-off bit tool - cutting-off EDM - cutting-off grinding - cutting-off lathe - cutting-off machine - cutting-off saw - cutting-off tool - cutting oil - cutting-oil deflector - cutting oil freshener - cutting oil separator - cutting operation - cutting orientation - cutting out - cutting-out - cutting-out of rivets - cutting out of square - cutting-out press - cutting oxygen - cutting oxygen tube - cutting parameters - cutting part - cutting pass - cutting path - cutting path supporting points - cutting pattern - cutting performance - cutting period - cutting perpendicular force - cutting pick - cutting plan - cutting plane - cutting plane line - cutting plate - cutting platform - cutting pliers - cutting point - cutting-point angle - cutting position - cutting power - cutting-practice rules - cutting press - cutting profile - cutting program - cutting prong - cutting propagation - cutting pulse - cutting punch - cutting quality - cutting radius - digging radius - cutting rate - cutting region - cutting relief angle - cutting resistance - cutting resistance per tooth - cutting rib - cutting right to size - cutting rim - cutting ring - cutting ring coupling - cutting roll - cutting room - cutting rotor - cutting rule - cutting run - cutting scallops - cutting sequence - cutting-shearing drilling bit - cutting shoe - cutting simulation - cutting size - cutting size of core diamond bit - cutting speed - cutting speed chart plate - cutting speed control mechanism - cutting speed for milling - cutting speed indicator - cutting spindle - cutting stretch - cutting stroke - cutting stroke drive - cutting surface - cutting table - cutting tap - cutting technology - cutting technology routine - cutting teeth - cutting temperature - cutting test - cutting the loop - cutting-through of a tunnel - cutting thrust - cutting thrust force - cutting time - cutting-time monitor - cutting tip - cutting to a shoulder - cutting to length - cutting to size - cutting tool - cutting tool assembly - cutting tool body - cutting tool cartridge - cutting tool collet - cutting tool contact indicator - cutting tool control macro - cutting tool data - utting tool edge - cutting tool engineering - cutting tool force - cutting tool holder - cutting tool industry - cutting tool insert - cutting tool lubricant - cutting tool materials - cutting tool measurement system - cutting tool outlet - cutting tool technology - cutting tool with inserted blades - cutting tooth - cutting torch - cutting torque - cutting-type core drilling bit - cutting-type drilling bit - cutting unit - cutting up - cutting-up line - cutting value - cutting waste - cutting wear - cutting wedge - cutting wheel - cutting wheel carrier - cutting width - cutting-winning machine - cutting with preheating - cutting work - cutting zone - abrasive cutting - abrasive cutting-off - abrasive waterjet cutting - accretion cutting - across cutting - adaptive control cutting - air-arc cutting - air plasma cutting - angle cutting - approach cutting - arc cutting - arc-oxygene cutting - back-off cutting - bottom cutting - burrless cutting - cable cutting - cam cutting - carbide cutting - carbon-arc cutting - cleaning cutting - climb cutting - composite cutting - consecutive tool cutting - creep cutting - cross-cutting - cryogenic cutting - curved cutting - 2D profile cutting - 3D profile cutting - deep cutting - deskill cutting - diagonal cutting - diamond cutting - double cutting - double-roll cutting - double-roll tooth cutting - drill cuttings - dry cutting - ED cutting-off - ED wire cutting - edge cutting - electric arc-gas jet cutting - electrochemical hole cutting - electrochemical wire cutting - electroerosion cutting - end cutting - fabric cutting - finishing cutting - flame cutting - flux injetion cutting - form cutting - form tooth cutting - friction cutting - fusion cutting - gas cutting - gas metal cutting - gas-shielded arc cutting - gas-shielded tungsten-arc cutting - gas tungsten cutting - gear cutting - grass cutting - groove cutting - guided hand cutting - hand cutting - heavy cutting - high-pressure water-assisted cutting - hoisting and drilling load cuttings - hydraulic cutting - hydrogene cutting - in-line cutting - inserted carbide cutting - internal cutting - internally fed wet cutting - interrupted cutting - irregular depth cutting - keyway cutting - lance cutting - laser cutting - lateral cutting - length cutting - light cutting - little-and-often cutting - low-rpm cutting - machine cutting - manual air-plasma jet cutting - measure cutting - metal cutting - metal-arc cutting - metal powder cutting - miter cutting - multipass cutting - multiple milling cutting - multiple thread cutting - multitool cutting - oblique cutting - orthogonal cutting - oxy-arc cutting - oxygene-arc cutting - oxy-fuel cutting - oxy-fuel gas cutting - oxyacetylene cutting - oxyacetylene flame cutting - oxygen arc cutting - oxygen assisted laser cutting - oxygene lance cutting - oxyhydrogen cutting - oxy-propane cutting - part cutting - percussion cutting - peritheral cutting - pipe cuttings - plasma arc cutting - plasma flame cutting - plasma-jet cutting - playback laser cutting - plunge cutting - press cutting - polygon cutting - polygonal cutting - profile cutting - punch cutting - railway cutting - right-angle cutting - rotary cutting - rough cutting - round cutting - sample cutting - screw cutting - scroll cutting - see-saw cutting - setable minimum cutting - shape cutting - shear cuttings - shear-speed cutting - shielded metal arc cutting - side cutting - sideways cutting - single-pass cutting - single-point cutting - single-point thread cutting - skip cutting - slice cutting - solid cutting - spark cutting - spiral cuttings - spiral-bevel-gear cutting - spur-gear cutting - stack cutting - steel cuttings - straight line cutting - taper cutting - thermal cutting - thread cutting - tooth cutting - torch cutting - transverse cutting - tungsten-arc cutting - two-way cutting - ultrasonic cutting - up cutting - waterjet cutting - waterjet-assisted mechanical cutting - wet cutting - wire cutting -
72 layout
1. n показ, выставка2. n планировка оборудования, планировка сооружения; размещение компоновкаfile layout — размещение файла; описание структуры файла
3. n план, проект, чертёж, генеральный план, проектная схемаwindow layout — схема организации окон; конфигурация окон
cable layout — кабель-план; схема расположения кабелей
4. n схема организации работ5. n трассировка; разбивка, разметка6. n набор, комплект7. n группа, партия8. n макетprinter layout — формат печати; макет печати
data layout — формат данных; макет данных
9. n форматСинонимический ряд:1. design (noun) arrangement; delineation; design; diagram; draft; organization; pattern; purpose2. idea (noun) blueprint; contrivance; formula; idea; plan; premeditation; project; schema; scheme; strategy3. order (noun) disposal; disposition; distribution; formation; grouping; line-up; order; ordering; sequence -
73 cock
флюгер; кран; взводить, ставить на боевой взвод [на «взрыв»]entry door pressurization cock — кран герметизации входной двери [люка]
entry hatch pressurization cock — кран герметизации входного люка [двери]
hatch (emergency) jettisoning cock — кран аварийного [принудительного] сбрасывания крышки люка
— air cock -
74 link
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75 failure
failure nвыход из строяaircraft electrical failureотказ электросистемы воздушного суднаairframe failureразрушение планераantiskid failure lightтабло отказа автомата торможенияbending failureразрушение при изгибеbus power failureотказ бортовой электрошиныcockpit failureотказ вследствие ошибки экипажаcoincidental failureодновременный отказcommunication failure procedureпорядок действий при отказе средств связиconsequential failuresчередующиеся отказыcritical engine failure speedскорость при отказе критического двигателяdefine the failureопределять причины отказаdisastrous fatigue failureусталостное разрушениеdue to a mechanical failureвследствие отказа механизмаengine failureотказ двигателяfailure detection circuitцепь обнаружения отказаfailure due toотказ вследствиеfailure flagбленкер сигнализации отказаfailure following resonanceвследствие резонансаfailure loadразрушающая нагрузкаfailure rateстепень надежностиfailure warning lightтабло сигнализации отказаfatigue failureусталостное разрушениеfatigue failure loadнагружение до усталостного разрушенияflutter failureразрушение вследствие флаттераforeseeable failureпрогнозируемый отказhazardous failureопасный отказinstrument failure warning systemсистема сигнализации отказа приборовmean time between failureсреднее время наработки между отказамиoverstress failureразрушение вследствие повышенных нагрузокpassive failureотказ, не приводящий к последствиямpremature failureпреждевременный отказprevent a failureпредупреждать отказradio failureнарушение радиосвязиradio failure procedureпорядок действий при отказе радиосвязиrotor failureотказ несущего винтаsimulated engine failureимитированный отказ двигателяsingle failureединичный отказstructural failureполомка конструкцииsudden failureвнезапный отказtime between failuresнаработка между отказамиtwo-way radio failure procedureпорядок действия при отказе двусторонней радиосвязиunder any kind of engine failureпри любом отказе двигателя -
76 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
77 four
четыре; группа или набор из четырёх предметов; pl. четырёхцилиндровый автомобиль; четырёхцилиндровый двигатель- four-ball machine - four-ball tester - four-bar linkage - four-bar mechanism - four-bar motion - four-barrel carburetor - four-barrel engine - four-bearing - four-bladed fan - four-bolt joint - four-boss breaker cam - four-bottle runner - four by four - four-by-four vehicle - four-by-two vehicle - four-car articulated set - four-chamber - four-channel antilock brake system - four corners - four-crank press - four-cycle - four-cycle diesel engine - four-dimensional interval - four-dimensional momentum - four-door - four-engined - four face column - four-foot way - four-high - four-jaw chuck - four-jawed - four-jawed chuck - four-jet turbine - four-lane - four-lane highway - four-lane road - four-layer - four layers hose - four-leg crossroads - four-leg junction - four-leg sling - four-legged intersection - four-level - four-part alloy - four-piece rim - four-piece wheel - four-pin driven nut - four-pin plug - four piston calliper disk brake - four piston disk brake caliper - four-pocket hydrostatic bearing - four-point - four-point ball contact in roller bearing - four-point bend - four-point bending - four-point control method - four-point loading - four-point probe - four-point suspension press - four-point press - four-pole - four-port valve - four quadrant detector - four quadrant operation - four-range - four-recess hydrostatic bearing - four-roll bending machine - four-roll forming machine - four-row - four-rowed - four-seater - four-sheave crownblock - four-sheave traveling block - four-sided trunnion fixture - four-speed - four-square scraper - four square setup - four-stage - four-stage blower - four-stage compressor - four-stage supercharger - four-start worm - four-strand chain - four-stroke - four-stroke cycle - four-stroke-cycle diesel - four-stroke diesel - four stroke engine - four-support cross-bar - four-throw crankshaft - four tube core - four unit sliding door - four velocity - four-way - four-way control valve - four-way directional control valve - four-way power seat - four-way socket wrench - four-way valve - four-wheel - four-wheel drive transmission - four-wheel drive truck - four-wheel drive vehicle - four-wheel steering - four-wheel truck - four-wheeled - four-wheeled wagon - four-wheeler - four-wire cable -
78 work
1. I1) men must work люди должны трудиться2) the lift (the typewriter, etc.) won't work лифт и т.д. не работает; the bell (the manometer, etc.) didn't work звонок и т.д. не действовал; I can't make the car (this pump, this machine, etc.) work не могу наладить машину /автомобиль/ и т.д.; my brain doesn't seem to be working я что-то плохо соображаю3) the medicine /the drug/ (the treatment, this diet, etc.) works лекарство и т.д. оказывает действие /действует/; the pill didn't work таблетка не помогла /не подействовала/; the yeast is beginning to work дрожжи начинают подниматься; yeast makes beer work пиво от дрожжей начинает бродить; we tried this plan, but it did not work мы попробовали применить этот план, но [из этого] ничего не вышло4) his face /features/ began to work [от волнения и т.п.] у него начало подергиваться лицо; her lips /her mouth/ worked у нее дрожали губы2. II1) work in some manner work hard (well enough, steadily, conscientiously, busily, etc.) усердно и т.д. работать /трудиться/; he can hardly work at all он почти совсем не может работать; work for (at) some time work day and night работать день и ночь; work overtime перерабатывать, работать сверхурочно; he is not working now a) у него сейчас нет работы; б) он сейчас не работает2) work in some manner the bell (the engine, the gear, the motor, etc.) works well (easily, smoothly, etc.) звонок и т.д. хорошо и т.д. работает; the system works badly система не отлажена; the hinges work stiffly (freely) петли тугие (свободные); my heart works badly сердце у меня пошаливает3) work in some manner the plan (smb.'s scheme, this new method, etc.) works well (successfully, etc.) план и т.д. оказался удачным /эффективным/; it can work both ways это может помочь, но может и навредить4) work in some manner his face (mouth, etc.) works nervously (violently, etc.) его лицо и т.д. нервно и т.д. подергивается5) work in some direction work up (down, out, etc.) пробираться /пробиваться, прокладывать себе путь/ вверх и т.А; her stockings worked down, у нее спустились чулки; the shirt worked up /out/ рубашка выбилась /вылезла/ из брюк или юбки3. IIIwork smth.1) work all day [long] (two hours a day, part time, etc.) работать весь /целый/ день и т.д.; work forty hours a week иметь сорокачасовую рабочую неделю2) work a typewriter (an adding machine, a tractor, a pump, etc.) работать на пишущей машинке и т.д.; I don't know how to work this gadget я не знаю, как обращаться с этой штукой /с этим приспособлением/; work a farm (a railway, a coal-mine, an estate, etc.) управлять фермой и т.д.3) work one's fingers (one's muscles, etc.) разрабатывать /тренировать/ пальцы и т.д.; work a scheme разрабатывать план; work a district (the constituency, etc.) обслуживать район и т.д.4) work the soil (iron, this kind of stone, etc.) обрабатывать почву и т.д.; work clay месить глину: work the dough вымешивать /месить/ тесто; work butter сбивать масло; work smb.'s initials вышивать (вырезать, выбивать и т.я.) чьи-л. инициалы; work buttonholes метать петли; work a shawl связать шаль5) work one's fingers (one's toes, one's lips, etc.) шевелить пальцами и т.д.; work one's jaws сжимать и разжимать челюсти, двигать челюстями6) work harm приносить вред; work destruction причинять разрушение; work havoc производить опустошение; work mischief натворить бед, устроить скандал; work changes производить перемены; work cures приносить исцеление; work-wonders /miracles/ творить чудеса4. IV1) work smb. in some manner work smb. hard (long hours) заставлять кого-л. усердно (много) работать, изнурять кого-л. работой2) work smth. somewhere work one's way forward (upwards, in, out, etc.) прокладывать себе путь /пробиваться/ вперед и т.д.; work one's way down с трудом спускаться; work one's way up а) пробиваться наверх; б) добиваться положения в обществе3) work smth. somewhere the trapper worked the stream up охотник расставил капканы вверх по ручью4) work smth. in some manner work one's fingers (one's lips, etc.) nervously нервно сжимать и разжимать пальцы и т.д.5. VIwork smth. into some state work a screw (a rope, a string, a tie, a knot, etc.) loose ослабить гайку и т.д.; work one's hands free освобождать /высвобождать, развязывать себе/ руки; work the chain (the rope, etc.) free освободиться от цепей и т.д.6. XI1) be worked by smth. this machine (the pump, the doll, etc.) is worked by electricity эта машина и т.д. приводится в действие электричеством /работает при помощи электричества/ || to be worked to the limit использовать до конца; the device has not yet been worked to the limit еще не все ресурсы этого приспособления использованы полностью2) be worked for some time the number of hours worked weekly shall be reduced to 40 рабочая неделя будет сокращена до 40 часов7. XIIIwork to do smth. men must work to live чтобы жить, люди должны работать; he worked to put his brother through college он работал, чтобы его брат мог закончить колледж8. XVwork into some state work loose ослабнуть; work free освободиться; the window catch (the screw, the nut, the handle, etc.) worked loose оконный шпингалет и т.д. разболтался9. XVI1) work at (in, on) some place work at an airplane factory (at a mill, at school, at an office, in an advertizing department, etc.) работать на авиационном заводе и т.д.; work in one's study (in the open air, in a garden, at one's desk, on a scaffolding, etc.) работать у себя в кабинете и т.д.; work on the land работать в сельском хозяйстве; work with smb. work with a grocer (with a florist, with this firm, with us, etc.) работать /служить/ у бакалейщика и т.д.; he is hard to work with с ним трудно работать /иметь дело/; work in (at, into, by, under) smth. work in one's spare hours (late into the night, late at night, by day, by night, etc.) работать в свой свободные часы и т.д.; work at top capacity (in full swing) работать на полную мощность; work at 2,500 HP иметь мощность в две тысячи пятьсот лошадиных сил; work under hard conditions работать в тяжелых условиях; work in shifts работать посменно; work for smth., smb. work for self-support (for a living, for a degree, for a higher certificate etc.) работать, чтобы обеспечить себя и т.д.; work for a small pay (for a wage, etc.) работать за небольшую плату и т.д.; work for a company (for a firm, etc.) служить в какой-л. компании и т.д.; work for the government быть на государственной службе; work with (without) smth. work with one's hands (with one's head, with a brush and paint, etc.) работать руками и т.д.; work with interest (with enthusiasm, with a will, without cessation, etc.) работать с интересом и т.д.;2) work on smth. work on an axle (on a pivot, etc.) вращаться на оси и т.д.; work on liquid fuel (on wood, on refined or crude petroleum, on all voltages, etc.) работать на жидком топливе и т.д.; this clock works on a spring эти часы приводятся в движение пружиной3) work in (with) smth. work in wood работать по дереву; work in oils (in water-colours, in distemper, etc.) писать маслом и т.д.; work in leather а) изготовлять изделия из кожи; б) тиснить кожу; work with silver (with gold, with wood, etc.) работать с серебром и т.д.; work at (on) smth. work at a shawl вышивать или вязать шаль; work on a tapestry (on a tombstone, etc.) работать над гобеленом и т.д.; work through smth. work through literature bearing on the subject (through the list, etc.) проработать литературу, относящуюся к данному вопросу и т.д.4) work at (on, upon, over) smth. work at history (at Greek, etc.) заниматься историей и т.д.; work at a new invention (at a topic, at a subject for many years, at a portrait, at a dictionary, etc.) работать над новым изобретением и т.д.; work at one's lessons делать /готовить/ уроки; work at one's profession совершенствовать свое профессиональное мастерство; work on this suggestion (on a new novel, on the case, etc.) работать над этим предложением и т.д.; have no data to work (up)on не иметь данных, из которых можно было бы исходить; work over a book (over a play, etc.) работать над книгой и т.д.; I worked over this letter half a dozen times before I sent it я переделывал это письмо десятки раз, прежде чем я его отправил; work over smb. I worked over him for an hour before I could revive him я бился целый час, чтобы привести его в чувство; after the match a masseur worked over him после матча его массировал массажист; work against (for, to, toward, towards) smth. work against war (against the cause, etc.) бороться /действовать, выступать/ против войны и т.д.; work for peace (for a cause, to the same end, toward(s) such results, for the good of humanity, for the world, etc.) работать на благо мира и т.д.; work in smth. work in literature работать в области литературы; work in this direction действовать в этом направлении; work in the interest of humanity работать на благо человечества; work with smb., smth. work with an English class (with a group, with children, etc.) работать /заниматься/ с английской группой и т.д.; work with figures иметь дело с цифрами5) work along (into, through, etc.) smth. work along the shelf of the rock с трудом продвигаться по уступу скалы; the grub worked into the wood в дереве завелся червячок; work into smb.'s favour coll. [хитростью] добиться чьего-л. расположения; work through the forest пробираться через лес; the rain works through the roof дождь проникает через крышу; his elbow has worked through the sleeve рукав у него протерся на локте; his toes worked through the boot его сапоги "каши просят"; the ship worked to windward корабль вышел на /выиграл/ ветер6) work with smth. smb.'s face (smb.'s lips, smb.'s features, smb.'s mouth, etc.) works with emotion (with excitement, with an effort to keep tears back, etc,) чье-л. лицо и т.д. подергивается от волнения и т.д.7) work (up)on smth., smb. work on smb.'s mind ((up)on smb.'s feelings, (up)on people, (up)on the vegetation, (up)on the public conscience, etc.) влиять /оказывать воздействие/ на чье-л. мнение и т.д.; work in smth. just drop a hint and leave it to work in his mind сделайте только намек, и мысль сама созреет в его голове; work with smb. the methods that work with one will not necessarily work with another то, что хорошо для одного, не обязательно годятся для другого, методы воздействия, годные для одного [человека], не обязательно будут эффективны для другого10. XVIIIwork oneself to some state he worked himself ill он переутомился и заболел || work oneself into smb.'s favour /into favour with smb./ добиться чьего-л. расположения; the rope (the knot, etc.) worked itself loose веревка и т.д. ослабла /развязалась/; the stream will work itself clear after rain когда пройдет дождь, поток снова станет прозрачным11. XIX11) work like smb. work like a slave (like a horse, like a navvy, etc.) = работать как вол2) work like smth. work like magic /like a charm/ оказывать магическое действие12. XX1work as smb. work as a shop assistant (as a clerk, as a typist, as a cook, as a receptionist, etc.) работать продавцом и т.д.13. XXI11) work smth. to smth. work one's passage /one's fare, one's ticket/ to the south (to America, etc.) отработать свой проезд на юг и т.д.; work one's way through college работать, чтобы иметь средства платить за обучение; work smb., smth. to some state work oneself (the slaves, etc.) to death изводить /изнурять/ себя и т.д. работой; work one's fingers to the bone стирать себе пальцы до крови /в кровь/2) work smth. by smth. work this machine (this device, etc.) by electricity (by radio, etc.) управлять этой машиной /приводить в действие эту машину/ и т.д. при помощи электричества и т.д.3) work smth. in smth. work flowers (lilies, a strange pattern, etc.) in silver thread (in silk, ill wool, etc.) вышивать цветы и т.д. серебряными нотками и т.д.; work smth. into smth. work the iron into a horseshoe изогнуть железо в подкову; work cotton into thread (hemp into cords, a silver dollar into a bracelet, etc.) сделать из хлопка нитки и т.д.; work one's hair into a knot закрутить /собрать/ волосы в узел /в пучок/; work cottage cheese into a smooth paste стереть творог в однородную массу; work smth. on smth. work a design on a cushion (one's initials on a handkerchief, eft.) вышивать узор и т.д. на подушке и т.д.; work smth. with smth. work a table-cloth (a robe, a blouse, etc.) with silk (with ornament, with lilies, etc.) расшивать скатерть и т.д. шелком и т.д.4) work smb. into some state work smb. (oneself, one's audience, etc.) into a rage (into a fever, into a hysterical mood, etc.) доводить кого-л. до бешенства и т.д.; don't work yourself into a temper! не взвинчивай себя!; work smb. for smth. work smb. for a loan (for a ticket, etc.) выманивать у кого-л. /обрабатывать кого-л., чтобы получить/ деньги взаймы и т.д.5) work smth. into smth. work a piano into a room втащить рояль в комнату; work the stone into the ring вправить камень в кольцо; work a pin into a hole вставить штифт в отверстие; work this quotation into a speech (an incident into a book, etc.) включать цитату в речь и т.д.; work smth. through (to) smb., smth. work one's way through the crowd (through the jungle, through the desert, through snow-fields, to the front of the crowd, to the summit, etc.) пробиваться через толпу и т.д.; work one's way to a position of responsibility добиваться положения в обществе -
79 separate
̘. ̈a.ˈseprɪt
1. прил.
1) а) отдельный;
обособленный Cut it into four separate parts. ≈ Разрежьте это на четыре части. separate maintenance ≈ содержание, назначаемое жене при разводе б) раздельный;
полит. сепаратный
2) изолированный, замкнутый;
автономный Syn: isolated, insulated
3) индивидуальный, самостоятельный;
независимый These are two entirely separate questions. ≈ Это два совершенно самостоятельных вопроса. Syn: individual, independent
4) бот. однополый( о цветке)
2. сущ. отдельный оттиск (статьи)
3. гл.
1) а) отделять(ся), разделять(ся) ;
разъединять The garage is separated from the house by a path and a flower garden. ≈ Гараж отделен от дома дорожкой и цветочным садом. Only one game separates us from total victory. ≈ Всего лишь один матч отделяет нас от полной победы. to separate the sheep from the goats ≈ библ. отделить агнцев от козлищ Syn: detach, disconnect, disengage, dismember, disunite Ant: combine, connect, consolidate, engage б) разлучаться, расходиться, расставаться( о людях) When did you separate from your husband? ≈ Когда ты разошлась с мужем? в) различать, отличать( правду от лжи и т. п. from) Syn: distinguish
2) а) выделять, экстрагировать( что-л. из чего-л.) ;
сепарировать;
отсеивать, сортировать (тж. separate out) Separate off the top of the cream and use it to make butter. ≈ Отделите верхнюю часть сметаны и используйте ее для приготовления масла. б) хим. выделять из раствора (отстаиванием)
3) тж. хим. разлагать (на части) The action of heat will separate the chemical into a substance and oxygen. ≈ При помощи реакции горения химикат разделится на твердое вещество и кислород.
4) воен. демобилизовывать, увольнять ∙ separate off separate out separate up (полиграфия) отдельный оттиск( статьи) pl блузки, юбки, брюки и т. п., которые можно надевать в разных комбинациях pl (сельскохозяйственное) отдельности (почвы) отдельный;
изолированный;
обособленный, отделенный - * room изолированная /отдельная/ комната - * entrance отдельный вход - * cell одиночная камера - a book in two * volumes книга в двух( отдельных) томах - * system of imprisonment (юридическое) тюремная система одиночных камер - * drive( техническое) одиночный /индивидуальный/ привод - to live * from smb. жить отдельно от кого-л. раздельный - * education раздельное обучение( мальчиков и девочек) - * loading( военное) раздельное заряжание - * ammunition( военное) боеприпасы раздельного заряжания - * pagination( полиграфия) раздельная пагинация - to move that a * vote be taken требовать раздельного голосования сепаратный - * peace treaty сепаратный мирный договор - * negotiations сепаратные переговоры особый, специальный;
самостоятельный - these are two entirely * questions это два совершенно самостоятельных вопроса - * account( финансовое) специальный счет - * existence of matter самостоятельное существование материи - * battalion( военное) отдельный батальон (ботаника) однополый (о цветке) > * development "раздельное развитие", расовая сегрегация (под предлогом создания равных, но раздельных возможностей) > "* but equal" "равенство порознь" (доктрина, оправдывающая расовую сегрегацию, в т.ч. в школах) > * estate( юридическое) отдельное /обособленное/ имущество( замужней женщины) > * maintenance( юридическое) содержание, выплачиваемое мужем жене в случае соглашения о раздельном жительстве отделять, разъединять - gardens *d by a wall сады, разделенные стеной - widely *d homestead разбросанные фермы - the river *s the two countries река разделяет эти две страны - to * religion from politics отделить религию от политики - to * a word by a hyphen разделить слово дефисом - to * by a comma отделить запятой - to * two boxers развести двух боксеров - the two events are *d in time by one hundred years во времени эти события отстоят друг от друга на сотню лет - to * the sheep from the goats (библеизм) отделить агнцев от козлищ - to * the wires разъединить провода отделяться, разъединяться - the rope *d under the strain веревка разорвалась от натяжения различать, отличать - to * truth from falsehood отличать истину от лжи разделять - to * smth. into parts разделить что-л. на части выделять, экстрагировать;
сепарировать - to * milk сепарировать молоко - to * cream from milk отделять сливки от молока - to * metal from ore обогащать руду сортировать, отсеивать (тж. * out) - to * bran from flour отсеивать отруби( из муки) - to * mail разбирать почту разлучать - to * smb. from smb., smth. разлучать кого-л. с кем-л., чем-л. расставаться, разлучаться - the friends didn't * till midnight друзья не расставались до полуночи - we have to * at the crossroad от перекрестка нам придется идти в разные стороны - in some way he become *d from his companions каким-то образом он отделился /отстал/ от своих спутников расходиться (о супругах) ;
жить врозь (без развода) - they *d amicably они разошлись мирно - to live *d from one's wife жить отдельно от жены разлагать (на части) (химическое) выделять из раствора, выделять отстаиванием разделять (фракции) увольнять с военной службы;
демобилизовывать ~ отдельный;
cut it into four separate parts разрежьте это на четыре части;
separate maintenance содержание, назначаемое жене при разводе separate демобилизовать ~ изолированный;
уединенный ~ особый, индивидуальный;
самостоятельный;
these are two entirely separate questions это два совершенно самостоятельных вопроса ~ отдельный;
cut it into four separate parts разрежьте это на четыре части;
separate maintenance содержание, назначаемое жене при разводе ~ отдельный оттиск (статьи) ~ отделять(ся), разделять(ся) ;
разлучать(ся) ;
расходиться ~ отделять(ся), разделять(ся) ~ отделять ~ отделяться ~ раздельный, отдельный, сепаратный ~ разлагать (на части) ~ различать ~ разлучать (о супругах) ~ разъединять ~ разъединяться ~ расходиться (о супругах) ~ сепаратный ~ сортировать, отсеивать;
to separate chaff from grain очищать зерно от мякины ~ сортировать ~ воен. увольнять, демобилизовывать separatum: separatum (pl ta) = separate ~ сортировать, отсеивать;
to separate chaff from grain очищать зерно от мякины ~ особый, индивидуальный;
самостоятельный;
these are two entirely separate questions это два совершенно самостоятельных вопросаБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > separate
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80 take3
1) take smth. take that book (a pen; a piece, a larger spoon, etc.) брать /взять/ эту книгу и т.д.; here, take my bags вот, возьмите мои вещи; take smb.'s hand взять кого-л. за руку; take smb.'s arm взять кого-л. под руку; do you want to take the wheel? хочешь сесть за руль?2) take smth. will you let us take your car? можно взять вашу машину /воспользоваться вашей машиной/?; someone has taken my hat кто-то взял или стащил мой шапку; I wish you wouldn't keep taking my ties хватит тебе таскать у меня галстуки; he takes everything he can lay his hands on он берет все, что подвернется под руку; he's always taking other people's ideas он всегда присваивает себе чужие мысли; she took all the credit все заслуги она приписала себе3) take smth., smb. you may take the largest piece of cake (whichever you wish, what I offer you, etc.) вы можете взять /выбрать/ [себе] самый большой кусок и т.д.; the magazine took my article журнал принял /в журнале приняли/ мою статью; take a partner выбирать или подбирать партнера; take your partner пригласите своего партнера (на танец); take a wife (a husband) жениться (выйти замуж); she wouldn't take him она ему отказала4) take smth., smb. take your books (an umbrella, your passport, etc.) захватите [с собой] книги и т.д.; I am glad you took your саr я рад, что вы на машине; did the laundry-man take my laundry? белье увезли /забрали/ в прачечную /в старку/?; why don't we take your sister? почему бы нам не захватить вашу сестру?5) take smth. take presents (flowers, etc.) принимать подарки и т.д.; take a bribe (money) брать взятку (деньги); take one's part /one's share/ взять свою долю; take that! coll. вот тебе! получай! (ударив кого-л.)6) take smth. take a duty (a function, a charge, all the responsibility, etc.) взять на себя /принять/ обязанности и т.д.; take command принять командование; take the lead взять на себя руководство; take an offer /а proposal, a suggestion/ принимать предложение; take a challenge /а dare/ принять вызов; take a resolution принять решение; take smb.'s word поверить кому-л. на слово; take smb.'s advice последовать чьему-л. совету; I must take medical (legal) advice я должен посоветоваться с врачом (юристом); take no denial не принимать отказа; I won't take that answer такой ответ меня не устраивает; he will take no nonsense он не потерпит никаких глупостей; he couldn't take the strain он не выдержал [такого] напряжения; he had to take a lot of teasing ему пришлось вытерпеть много насмешек; 1 will not take such a treatment я не потерплю такого обращения; I shan't take your orders я не буду выполнять ваши приказания /приказы/; he will not take your warning он не примет во внимание /не учтет/ ваше предупреждение || take liberties позволять себе лишнее /вольности/; take a call отвечать на звонок или вызов; the phone is ringing, who will take the call? звонит телефон, кто возьмет трубку /будет говорить/?7) || take smb.'s side встать на /принимать/ чью-л. сторону; take the side of the speaker стать на сторону оратора, быть на стороне оратора; take sides встать на чью-л. сторону; in this case I can't take sides в данном случае я не могу быть ни за тех, ни за других /встать ни на ту, ни на другую сторону8) take smth. he was willing to take the part of the hero он согласился сыграть главную роль; take an assumed name взять вымышленное имя9) take smth., smb. take a house (lodgings, rooms, etc.) снимать /арендовать/ дом и т.д.; take a newspaper (a magazine, three daily papers, the "Times", etc.) получать /выписывать/ газету и т.д.; take a secretary (a maid, a cook, a tutor, etc.) нанимать /брать/ секретаря и т.д.; take new members принимать новых членов10) take smth. I decided to take a job я решил устроиться на работу; take office (the throne /the crown/. etc.) вступать в должность и т.д. || take silk стать королевским адвокатом; take the gown принять духовный сан; take the veil постричься в монахи(ни)11) take smth. take a train (a tram, a bus, a boat, etc.) поехать на поезде /поездом/ и т.д.; take a /the/ number 3 bus садитесь на автобус номер три; he never takes the lift он никогда не пользуется лифтом; let's take a taxi давайте возьмем /поедем на/ такси; I am taking a plane я (подлечу самолетом12) take smb. take pupils брать учеников; take lodgers пускать жильцов13) take smth. take [music, driving, etc.] lessons брать уроки [музыки и т.д.]14) take smth., smb. take an obstacle преодолевать /брать/ препятствие, take a hurdle (a slope, a fence, etc.) брать барьер и т.д.; the horse took a ditch (a fence, a hedge, etc.) лошадь перемахнула через канаву и т.д.; take the stairs подняться по лестнице; take a ship (a country, a city, an enemy town, a fortress, a fort, etc.) захватывать корабль и т.д.; take [500] prisoners взять [пятьсот человек] пленных15) take smth. take a prize (a reward, [the] first prize, one's degree, an honorary doctorate, etc,) получать первую премию и т.д.; take the first place занимать первое место; take a bishop взять слона (в шахматах); take a trick взять взятку (в картах)16) || take smb.'s attention /smb.'s eye/ привлечь чье-л. внимание; take smb.'s fancy поразить чье-л. воображение; понравиться кому-л.; this house (a toy, etc.) took her fancy этот дом ей понравился /приглянулся/ и т.д.17) take smb., smth. the flood took many victims во время наводнения было много жертв /погибло много людей/; take one's [own] life наложить на себя руки18) take smth. take time (a week, three hours, all his spare time, etc.) требовать /забирать, отнимать/ время и т.д.; this car (this old engine, etc.) takes a lot of oil (a great deal of coal, etc.) эта машина и т.д. берет /расходует/ много бензина и т.д.; the piano would take much room рояль занял бы много места; it takes a lot of money на это уходит /требуется/ много денег; the recipe takes six eggs для приготовления этого блюда надо шесть яиц; these windows take 10 metres of curtaining на занавески /на шторы/ для этих окон пойдет десять метров ткани; the climb took all our strength ace наши силы ушли на преодоление подъема || take [one's] time не торопиться, не спешить; can I take my time before answering? можно мне ответить не сразу?19) take smth. the verb (this word, etc.) takes a preposition (a genetive, an object, etc.) этот глагол и т.д. требует предлога и т.д.20) take smth. take a certain shape (the shape of a man, the likeness of a human being, etc.) принимать /приобретать/ какую-л. форму и т.д.; take shape оформиться; when our plans take shape когда определятся наши планы; his voice took a different tone его голос зазвучал иначе /по-другому/; take a gloomy (a different, a practical, etc.) view мрачно и т.д. смотреть на вещи; take a biased view предвзято относиться к чему-л.; if you take this attitude we shall not come to an understanding если вы так будете к этому относиться, то мы не договоримся; take a strong stand упорно /решительно/ отстаивать свою точку зрения21) take smth. take food есть; питаться; he can take no food он не может есть; take an early breakfast рано позавтракать; when do you take dinner? когда вы обедаете?; first we shall take refreshments сначала мы закусим; take a cup of tea (a drink of water, a glass of beer, coffee, etc.) выпить чашку чая и т.д.; I cannot take wine мне нельзя пить [вина]; do you take sugar? вы пьете [чай или кофе] с сахаром?; take [а pinch of] snuff [по]нюхать табак; take medicine (pills, sleeping powders, some sedative, poison, etc.) принимать /пить/лекарство и т.д.; take air дышать свежим воздухом; take a [deep] breath сделать [глубокий] вдох22) take smb. take fish (game, a wild beast, a bird, a rabbit, etc.) ловить рыбу и т.д.; take a dozen trout поймать дюжину форелей23) take smth. take a dozen eggs (a pound of flour, two pounds of coffee, tickets, etc.) купить дюжину яиц и т.д.; I'll take this hat я беру /куплю, возьму/ эту шляпу24) take smth., smb. take a photo /а photograph, a snapshot/ сделать снимок /карточку, фотографию/; are you allowed to take pictures? у вас есть разрешение снимать /фотографировать/?; will you take my picture? вы меня сфотографируете?; take animals (a view, this tower, a scene, smb.'s likeness, a child's picture, etc.) фотографировать животных и т.д.25) take smth., smb. take a hint (a joke, his words, etc.) понимать намек и т.д.; she is slow to take his meaning она не сразу понимает, что он имеет в виду; one doesn't know how to take him не знаешь, как его воспринимать /понимать/; do you take me? вам ясно, что я хочу сказать /имею в виду/?26) take smth. take French (Latin, mathematics, ballet, etc.) заниматься французским языком и т.д.; take a course of lectures прослушать курс лекций; what courses (subjects) are you taking? какие вы слушаете курсы /предметы/?27) take smth. take a class (the sixth form, the English class, etc.) вести занятия и т.д.; take the evening service служить вечерню28) take smth. take notes делать /вести/ записи; take notes of a lecture записывать лекцию; take minutes вести протокол; take smb.'s name (smb.'s address, the number of his car, facts, etc.) записывать чью-л. фамилию и т.д.; take smb.'s pulse проверять /считать/ пульс [у кого-л.]; take [smb.'s] temperature измерять [кому-л.] температуру; take fingerprints (barometer readings, a seismograph reading, [smb.'s] measurements, etc.) снимать отпечатки пальцев и т.д..; take an inventory составлять опись; take a census проводить перепись29) take smth. let's take the case of your brother (the feudal system, the French Revolution, etc.) возьмем в качестве примера случай с вашим братом и т.д.30) take smb., smth. the car takes only five passengers в машину может сесть только пять пассажиров; can you take two more? вы можете взять еще двоих? (в машину и т.п.); the bus couldn't take any more passengers в автобусе больше не было свободных мест; the hall takes 2000 people зал вмещает две тысячи человек; the lorry cannot take so much weight грузовик не выдерживает /не рассчитан/ на такой груз; this typewriter takes large sizes of paper в эту пишущую машинку можно вставлять бумагу большого формата31) take smth. wool takes dye шерсть можно покрасить; marble (most leathers, this stuff, silver, etc.) takes (a) high polish мрамор и т.д. можно отполировать до блеска; waxed paper (parchment, etc.) will not take ink (dye, etc.) к вощеной бумаге и т.д. чернила и т.д. не пристают32) take smth. take a certain (the opposite) direction пойти в какую-л. (в обратную) сторону; take this street идите по этой улице; take the second turning сверните во вторую улицу; take the wrong road сбиться с пути; пойти не той дорогой; take the shortest way home пойти домой кратчайшим путем; take a short cut пойти напрямик; take the path of least resistance пойти по линии наименьшего сопротивления; take one's own way избрать свой собственный путь; things must take their course все должно идти своим чередом; events took another course события приняли иной оборот33) aux take [а] rise идти на подъем, подниматься; the road is taking a rise дорога идет в гору; take action действовать; I felt I had to take action я чувствовал, что мне надо что-то сделать /предпринять/; take legal action возбуждать судебное дело; take steps /measures/ принимать меры; предпринимать что-л.; take precautions принимать меры предосторожности; take one's chance (an opportunity, advantage, a mean advantage, etc.) воспользоваться случаем и т.д., использовать случай и т.д.; take chances рисковать; take effect а) возыметь /оказать/ действие; the pills will soon take effect таблетки скоро подействуют; б) вступать в силу, the law took effect last month закон вступил в силу в прошлом месяце; take place случаться, происходить; when will the meeting take place? когда будет собрание?; where did the accident take place? где произошел несчастный случай?; take part участвовать, принимать участие; take root укорениться, пустить корни; take aim прицеливаться; take [ great take pains [очень] стараться; take possession стать владельцем, вступить во владение; take heart /courage/ мужаться, не робеть; take (no) notice (не) замечать; take по heed не обращать внимания; take revenge отомстить; take fright испугаться; take fire воспламениться; take offence обидеться; take alarm встревожиться; take arms вооружиться; take shelter укрыться; take flight бежать; take card осторожно!34) id take smth. take a bath принять ванну; take a shower принять душ; take a jump прыгнуть; take a dive нырнуть; take a nap вздремнуть; take a walk /а turn/ прогуляться, пройтись; take a look взглянуть, бросить взгляд; take a risk /risks/ рискнуть, пойти на риск; take one's leave /one's departure/ попрощаться, уйти; take a seat садиться; please, take my seat пожалуйста, садитесь на мое место; take seats! занимайте места; he took one of the vacant places он сел на одно из свободных мест; take one's choice сделать выбор; take a leave взять отпуск; you must take a holiday вам надо отдохнуть; take an oath /а vow/ поклясться, дать клятву; take an examination держать экзамен; take a journey предпринять путешествие; take turns делать что-л. по очереди
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