to+put+out+to+sea

1 tongue.

tener la lengua muy larga (informal) to be a gossip

tirar a alguien de la lengua (informal figurative) to draw somebody out

lengua de gato chocolate finger (biscuit) (de chocolate) (peninsular Spanish)

lengua de víbora o viperina (figurative) malicious tongue

lengua de tierra tongue of land

las malas lenguas dicen que… according to the gossip…

irse de la lengua (informal) to let the cat out of the bag

ir/llegar con la lengua fuera (informal) to go along/arrive puffing and panting

morderse la lengua to bite one's tongue

se le trabó la lengua she stumbled over her words

2 language (idioma, lenguaje).

lengua materna mother tongue

lengua muerta dead language

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 ANATOMÍA tongue

2 (idioma) language

3 (de tierra) strip

\

con la lengua fuera familiar with one's tongue hanging out

darle a la lengua familiar to chat

dicen las malas lenguas que... gossip has it that...

hacerse lenguas de algo to rave about something

irse de la lengua familiar to let the cat out of the bag

no tener pelos en la lengua figurado not to mince one's words

tener algo en la punta de la lengua figurado to have something on the tip of one's tongue

tener la lengua muy larga familiar to have a loose tongue

tener una lengua viperina to have a vicious tongue

tirar de la lengua a alguien familiar to pump somebody for information

trabarse la lengua to get tongue-tied

lengua de gato langue de chat

lengua d'oc langue d'oc

lengua d'oíl langue d'oïl

lengua de trapo babbling

lengua madre parent language

lengua materna mother tongue

* * *

1) tongue

2) language

* * *

1) (Anat) tongue

- andar en lenguas

- atar la lengua a algn

- buscar la lengua a algn

- ¿te ha comido la lengua el gato?

- darle a la lengua

- darse la lengua

- hacerse lenguas de algn/algo

- irse de la lengua

- llegar con la lengua fuera

- morderse la lengua

- nacer con la lengua fuera

- no morderse la lengua

- no tener pelos en la lengua

- tener algo en la punta de la lengua

- soltar la lengua

- tener mucha lengua

- tirar de la lengua a algn

2) [de campana] tongue, clapper

3) (Geog)

4) (Ling) language, tongue; Esp (Escol) Spanish language ( as a school subject)

* * *

1)

a) (Anat) tongue

b) (Coc) tongue

c) ( de tierra) spit, tongue; ( de fuego) tongue

2) (Ling) language

•

- lengua madre or materna

- lengua muerta/viva

* * *

= language, tongue.

Ex. A paraphrase is an interpretation of the concepts featured in a document, written in the language of the writer of the paraphrase.

Ex. Although I do at times write with my tongue between my lips (the standard attitude of deep concentration), there are other times when it is equally firmly in my cheek.

----

* Asociación de Lenguas Modernas (MLA) = Modern Language Association (MLA).

* darle a la lengua = shoot + the breeze, shoot + the bull.

* decían las malas lenguas que = rumour had it that.

* de lengua árabe = Arabic speaking.

* dicen las malas lenguas que = rumour has it that.

* dominio de una lengua extranjera = language proficiency.

* en diversas lenguas = multilingually.

* en dos lenguas = bilingually.

* enfermedad de la lengua azul = bluetongue disease.

* enredo de lengua = slip of the tongue.

* entre varias lenguas = cross-lingual.

* en varias lenguas = cross-lingual, cross-language, multilingually.

* hablar con lengua de serpiente = talk with + a twisted tongue.

* hablar con lengua de serpiente = speak with + a twisted tongue, speak with + a split tongue, speak with + a forked tongue.

* hablar en lengua desconocida = speak in + tongues, talk in + tongues.

* humedecer con la lengua = lick.

* irse de la lengua = spill + the beans, shoot + Posesivo + mouth off, let + the cat out of the bag, blow + the gaff.

* lengua autóctona = indigenous language.

* lengua bífida = forked tongue, split tongue.

* lengua de fuego = tongue of fire.

* lengua de intercambio = exchange language.

* lengua escrita = written language.

* lengua extinta = extinct language.

* lengua extranjera = foreign language.

* lengua flexionada = inflected language.

* lengua franca = lingua franca.

* lengua hablada = spoken language.

* lengua indígena = indigenous language.

* lengua inglesa = English language.

* lengua mandarina = Mandarin.

* lengua materna = mother tongue.

* lengua minoritaria = minority language.

* lengua muerta = dead language, dead tongue.

* lengua nacional = national language.

* lengua nativa = native language, native tongue.

* lengua negra = hairy tongue.

* lengua oficial común = working language.

* lengua oscurecida = black hairy tongue.

* lengua peluda = hairy tongue.

* lengua romance = romance language.

* lengua vernácula = vernacular, vernacular language.

* lengua /conocimiento de lengua = language skill.

* mojar con la lengua = lick.

* morderse la lengua = stay + Posesivo + tongue, hold + Posesivo + tongue, bite + Posesivo + tongue, bite + Posesivo + lip.

* no morderse la lengua = call + a spade a spade.

* no tener pelos en lengua = call + a spade a spade.

* país cuya lengua oficial no es el inglés = non-English-speaking country.

* persona que sólo habla una lengua = monoglot.

* piercing para la lengua = tongue stud.

* recuperación de información en varias lenguas = cross-language information retrieval (CLIR).

* sin pelos en la lengua = outspokenly.

* soltársele a Uno la lengua = tongue + be unloosed.

* tener pelos en la lengua = mince + words.

* TOEFL (Examen de Inglés como Segunda Lengua) = TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language).

* * *

1)

a) (Anat) tongue

b) (Coc) tongue

c) ( de tierra) spit, tongue; ( de fuego) tongue

2) (Ling) language

•

- lengua madre or materna

- lengua muerta/viva

* * *

* * *

lenguas cooficiales (↑ lengua a1)

1 [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ] ( Anat) tongue

saca la lengua put out your tongue

me sacó la lengua he stuck his tongue out at me

se me traba la lengua I get tongue-tied

tengo la lengua pastosa or estropajosa I have a cotton mouth ( AmE colloq), I've got a furry tongue ( BrE colloq)

andar en lenguas ( fam); to be the subject of gossip

con la lengua fuera ( fam): llegamos a casa con la lengua fuera by the time we got home our tongues were hanging out ( colloq)

darle a algn hasta por debajo de la lengua ( Méx fam); to thrash sb ( colloq)

darle a la lengua ( fam); to chatter, gab ( colloq)

hacerse lenguas de algn/algo ( fam); to rave about sb/sth ( colloq)

todos se hacen lenguas de su belleza everyone raves about how beautiful she is

irse de la lenguaor írsele la lengua a algn ( fam): no debía haber dicho eso pero se me fue la lengua I shouldn't have said that but it just slipped out

quiero que sea una sorpresa así que no te vayas a ir de la lengua I want it to be a secret so don't go and let the cat out of the bag ( colloq)

morderse la lengua to bite one's tongue

soltar la lengua to spill the beans

soltarle la lengua a algn to make sb talk

¿te comieron la lengua los ratones? o ( Esp) ¿te ha comido la lengua el gato? ( fam hum); has the cat got your tongue? ( colloq), have you lost your tongue? ( colloq)

tener una lengua viperina or de víbora to have a sharp tongue

tirarle or ( AmL) jalarle (de) la lengua a algn: hay que tirarle de la lengua para que te cuente nada you have to drag everything out of him o you have to pump him, otherwise he doesn't tell you anything

sé mucho sobre tus negocios sucios así que no me tires de la lengua I know a lot about your shady deals, so don't provoke me …

2 ( Coc) tongue

3 (de tierra) spit, tongue

4 (de fuego) tongue

langue de chat

B ( Ling) language

la lengua y el habla langue and parole

lengua de trapo baby talk

medio¹ (↑ medio (1))

target language

langue d'oc/d'oïl

source language

mother tongue

target language, object language

dead language

target language, object language

living language

* * *

a) (Anat) tongue;

◊ se me traba la lengua I get tongue-tied (colloq);

b) (Coc) tongue

c) ( de tierra) spit, tongue;

◊ lengua materna mother tongue

* * *

lengua nf

1. [órgano] tongue;

sacarle la lengua a alguien to stick one's tongue out at sb;

se le trabó la lengua she stumbled over her words;

morderse la lengua to bite one's tongue;

darle a la lengua to chatter;

irse de la lengua, RP [m5] aflojar o [m5] soltar la lengua to let the cat out of the bag;

ir/llegar con la lengua fuera to go along/arrive puffing and panting;

ser largo de lengua, tener la lengua muy larga to be a gossip;

las malas lenguas dicen que… according to the gossip…;

lo tengo en la punta de la lengua I've got it on the tip of my tongue;

¿(se) te ha comido la lengua el gato?, Am [m5]¿te comieron la lengua los ratones? has the cat got your tongue?;

tirar a alguien de la lengua to draw sb out

lengua de ciervo [planta] hart's-tongue fern;

lengua de fuego tongue of flame;

2. [de tierra] tongue

3. [idioma, lenguaje] language

lengua de destino target language;

lengua escrita written language;

lengua estándar standard language;

lengua franca lingua franca;

lengua fuente source language;

lengua hablada spoken language;

lengua de llegada target language;

lengua materna mother tongue;

mi lengua materna no es el español I'm not a native speaker of Spanish;

lengua meta target language;

lenguas modernas modern languages;

lengua muerta dead language;

lengua normativa standard language;

lengua de oc langue d'oc;

lengua de oíl langue d'oïl;

lengua original original o source language;

lengua romance Romance language;

lengua románica Romance language;

lengua viva living language;

lengua vulgar vulgar o coarse language

4. Esp [asignatura] Spanish (language)

* * *

f tongue;

darle a la lengua fam chatter;

lengua afilada o

de doble filo sharp tongue;

tirar a alguien de la lengua get information out of s.o.;

con la lengua fuera fig with one’s tongue hanging out;

irse de la lengua let the cat out of the bag;

morderse la lengua fig bite one’s tongue;

sacar la lengua a alguien stick one’s tongue out at s.o.;

lo tengo en la punta de la lengua it’s on the tip of my tongue

* * *

lengua nf

1) : tongue

morderse la lengua: to bite one's tongue

2) idioma: language

lengua materna: mother tongue, native language

lengua muerta: dead language

* * *

lengua n

1. (del cuerpo) tongue

2. (idioma) language

irse de la lengua to let the cat out of the bag [pt. & pp. let]

appel [apεl]

1. masculine noun

   a. ( = cri) call

• appel à l'aide or au secours call for help

• l'appel du large the call of the sea

   b. ( = sollicitation) call

• dernier appel pour le vol AF 850 (dans aéroport) last call for flight AF 850

• appel aux armes/aux urnes call to arms/to vote

• lancer un appel au calme to appeal for calm

• lancer un appel à témoins to appeal for witnesses

• manifestation à l'appel d'une organisation demonstration called by an organization

• faire un appel de phares to flash one's headlights

• offre/prix d'appel introductory offer/price

• article or produit d'appel loss leader

   c. faire appel à ( = invoquer) to appeal to ; ( = avoir recours à) to call on ; ( = nécessiter) to call for

• faire appel au bon sens/à la générosité de qn to appeal to sb's common sense/generosity

• faire appel à ses souvenirs to call up one's memories

• faire appel à l'armée to call out the army

• on a dû faire appel aux pompiers they had to call the fire brigade

• ce problème fait appel à des connaissances qu'il n'a pas this problem calls for knowledge he hasn't got

   d. ( = vérification de présence) (en classe) register ; (à l'armée) roll call

• faire l'appel (en classe) to call the register (Brit) to take attendance (US) ; (à l'armée) to call the roll

• absent/présent à l'appel [élève] absent/present

   e. ( = recours en justice) appeal

• faire appel d'un jugement to appeal against a judgment

• faire appel to lodge an appeal

• sans appel [décision] final

   f. (Military = mobilisation) call-up

   g. appel (téléphonique) call

   h. (Cards) signal (à for)

• faire un appel à pique to signal for a spade

   i. ( = élan) take-off

• pied d'appel take-off foot

   j. (Computing) call

2. compounds

► appel d'air intake of air

• ça fait appel d'air there's a draught (Brit) or draft (US) ► appel de fonds call for capital

► appel d'offres invitation to tender

► appel du pied veiled appeal

► appel en visio, appel visio (Telecommunications) video call

* * *

nom masculin

1) ( invitation pressante) call

2) ( supplique) appeal

3) ( incitation)

4) Télécommunications call

5) ( recours)

6) ( vérification) gén roll call; École registration

7) Armée ( convocation) call up GB, draft US

8) ( attirance)

9) Droit appeal

10) Sport take off

11) Jeux ( aux cartes) signal

12) Informatique call

•

- l'appel du 18 juin

- appel d'air

- appel d'offres

- appel de phares

- appel du pied

* * *

1) (pour héler, demander de l'aide) call

2) (téléphonique) call

3) (pour exhorter ou inciter) call

4) (pour une collecte) appeal

5) (nominal) MILITAIRE roll call, ÉDUCATION register

6) (= recrutement) MILITAIRE call-up

7) DROIT (après un jugement) appeal

8) (autres locutions)

* * *

appel nm

1 ( invitation pressante) call; ‘dernier appel pour Tokyo’ ‘last call for Tokyo’; appel au secours lit call for help; fig cry for help; les enfants se sont enfuis à l'appel de leur mère the children ran away when they heard their mother calling; l'appel des syndicats n'a pas été entendu the call of the trade unions was not heeded; il m'a fait un appel du regard he signalled^GB to me with his eyes; l'appel des fidèles à la messe calling the faithful to mass; l'appel de la cloche le dimanche the ringing of church bells on Sundays;

2 ( supplique) appeal, plea; un appel pathétique/solennel a pathetic/solemn appeal; lancer un appel (en faveur de) to make an appeal (on behalf of); appel à l'aide plea ou appeal for aid; répondre or se rendre à l'appel de to respond to the appeal of; lancer un appel à la télévision/à la radio to put out an appeal on television/on the radio;

3 ( incitation) appel à call for [solidarité]; appeal for [calme]; call to [révolte]; plea for [clémence]; appel à la grève strike call; lancer un appel à to call for [solidarité, grève]; to appeal for [calme]; to call to [révolte, armes]; appel au meurtre death threat; lancer un appel au meurtre contre qn to call for sb's assassination;

4 Télécom call; appel téléphonique phone call; appel radio radio call; un appel de Londres pour vous a call from London for you; prendre/recevoir un appel to take/to get a call;

5 ( recours) appel à appeal to [personne, générosité, bon sens]; faire appel à [personne] to call [pompiers, police, spécialiste]; to bring in [artiste, architecte]; to call up [capitaux]; [gouvernement] to call in [armée, police, puissance étrangère]; to call for [intervention]; [tâche] to call for [connaissances, notions]; faire appel à la justice to go to court;

6 ( vérification) gén roll call; Scol registration; faire l'appel gén to take the roll call; Scol to take the register; manquer à l'appel gén to be absent at the roll call; Scol to be absent at registration;

7 Mil ( convocation) call up GB, draft US;

8 ( attirance) l'appel de the call of [large, chair, forêt];

9 Jur appeal; faire appel to appeal; faire appel d'un jugement to appeal against a decision; perdre en appel to lose an appeal; juger en appel to hear an appeal; sans appel lit without further right of appeal; une décision sans appel fig a final decision; condamner sans appel fig to condemn out of hand;

10 Sport take off; prendre son appel to take off; jambe/pied d'appel take-off leg/foot;

11 Jeux ( aux cartes) signal; faire un appel to signal for a card; faire un appel à cœur to ask for a return in hearts;

12 Ordinat call; d'appel [programme, station, séquence] calling ( épith); [demande, indicatif, mot] call ( épith);

13 Comm prix d'appel loss-leader price; produit or article d'appel loss leader.

l' appel du 18 juin Hist General de Gaulle's appeal of 18 June 1940; appel d'air draught GB, draft US; créer or faire un appel d'air to create a draught GB ou draft US; appel des causes Jur roll call of matters listed; appel de fonds Fin call for capital; faire un appel de fonds to call for capital, to call up capital; appel d'offres Admin invitation to tender; lancer un appel d'offres to invite tenders; appel de phares flash of headlights GB ou high beams US; faire un appel de phares to flash one's headlights GB ou high beams US; appel du pied○ veiled invitation, discreet appeal.

[apɛl] nom masculin

1. [cri] call

a. (sens propre) a call for help

b. (figuré) a cry for help

a. NAUTIQUE distress call

b. [d'une personne] call for help

2. [coup de téléphone]

3. [sollicitation] appeal

a. [clémence, générosité] to appeal to

b. [courage, intelligence, qualité, souvenirs] to summon (up)

4. ÉCONOMIE call

5. DROIT appeal

6. [liste de présence] roll call

MILITAIRE [mobilisation] call-up

a. ÉDUCATION to take the register (UK), to call (the) roll (US)

b. MILITAIRE to call the roll

7. INFORMATIQUE call

8. JEUX

9. SPORT take-off

10. TECHNOLOGIE

sans appel locution adjectivale

1. DROIT without (the possibility of an) appeal

2. [irrévocable] irrevocable

1. (смесвам) mix

(конни) entangle

2. confuse, throw into confusion, mix up, perplex, nonplus, bewilder, distract, put off, baffle

(планове, сметки и пр.) upset, frustrate; derange

разг. upset s.o.'s apple-cart

обърквам работите confuse things/matters/the issues

обърквам конците get into a mess/muddle/scrape; be at a loss

обърквам живота си make a muddle of o.'s life

обърквам пътя lose o.'s way

обърквам голяма каша, обърквам я make a (nice) mess of it/things

обърквам се get confused/mixed up, be (come) confused/muddled, become flustered, be put out; get into a tangle

нещата се объркаха things went wrong

* * *

объ̀рквам,

1. ( смесвам) mix; ( конци) entangle;

2. confuse, throw into confusion, mix up, perplex, nonplus, bewilder, distract, put off, baffle; flurry; discomfit; flummox; fox; gravel; ( планове, сметки и пр.) upset, frustrate; foil; derange; discomfit; разг. upset s.o.’s applecart; spike s.o.’s guns, cook s.o.’s goose, freak (s.o. out); (за въпрос) stump, flummox, put all at sea, addle;

\обърквам се get confused/mixed up, be(come) confused/muddled, become flustered, be put out; get into a tangle; нещата се объркаха things went wrong; • \обърквам голяма каша, \обърквам я make a (nice) mess of it/things; \обърквам живота си make a muddle of o.’s life; \обърквам конците get into a mess/muddle/scrape; be at a loss; \обърквам пътя lose o.’s way.

* * *

confuse: His question обърквамed me. - Въпросът му ме обърка.; mix (смесвам); baffle; befuddle; bewilder; confound{kxn`faund}; disappoint; distract{dis`trEkt}; embrangle; flummox{`flXmxks}; fuddle foozle; muff{mXf}; nonplus; overwhelm; puzzle{pXzl}; snafu; unsettle{`Xnsetl}; upset

* * *

* * *

(tek; tók, tókum; tekinn), v.

1) to take, catch, seize (tóku þeir laxinn ok otrinn ok báru með sér);

G. tók inni vinstri hendi spjótit á lopti, G. caught the spear with his left hand;

man hón taka fé okkart allt með ráni, she will take all our goods by force;

taka e-n höndum, to seize one, take captive;

tökum vápn vár, let us take to our weapons;

2) fig., taka trú, to take the faith, become a Christian;

taka skírn, to be baptized;

taka hvíld, to take a rest;

taka flótta, to take to flight;

taka rœðu, umrœðu, to begin a parley;

taka ráð, to take a counsel (= taka til ráðs);

taka e-n orðum, to address one;

taka sættir or sættum, to accept terms;

taka þenna kost, to take this choice;

taka stefnu, to fix a meeting;

taka boði, to accept an offer;

taka sótt, to be taken ill;

taka úgleði, to get out of spirits;

taka andviðri, to meet with contrary winds;

taka konung, to take, elect a king;

taka konu, to take a wife;

taka úkunna stigu, to take to unknown ways;

taka e-n or e-m vel, to receive one well;

taka e-t þvert, to take a thing crossly, deny flatly;

taka upp höndum, to raise the hands;

3) to reach, stretch forth, touch;

fremri hyrnan tók viðbeinit, the upper horn caught the collar bone;

því at ek tek eigi heim í kveld, for I shall not reach home to-night;

hárit tók ofan á belti, the hair came down to her waist;

4) to reach and take harbour (þeir tóku land á Melrakka-sléttu);

5) to take, hold, of a vessel (ketill, er tók tvær tunnur);

6) to be equivalent to, be worth (hringrinn tók tólf hundruð mórend);

7) with infin., to begin (hann tók at yrkja, þegar er hann var ungr);

nú taka öll húsin at lóga, now the whole house began to blaze;

impers., þá tók at lægja veðrit, then the wind began to fall;

8) to touch, regard, concern (þat allt, sem leikmenn tekr);

9) to catch (up), come up with (hann var allra manna fóthvatastr, svá at engi hestr tók hann á rás);

10) to start, rush (Eirikr tók út or stofunni, en konungr bað menn hlaupa eptir honum);

taka á rás, taka frá, to take to running, run away (svá illt sem nú er frá at taka, þá mun þó síðarr verra);

11) impers. it is taken;

þá tók af veðrit (acc.) then the storm abated;

kom á fótinn, svá at af tók, the stroke came on his leg, so that it was cut off;

sýnina tekr frá e-m, one becomes blind;

tók út skip Þangbrands, Th.’s ship drifted out;

um várit er sumarhita tók, when the summer heat set in;

12) with preps, and advs., taka e-n af lífi, lífdögum, taka e-n af, to take one’s life, put to death;

taka e-n af nafni ok veldi, to deprive one of his title and power;

taka af hesti, to take (the saddle) off a horse;

taka e-t af e-m, to take a thing from one, deprive one of (er vér tókum seglit af honum, þá grét hann);

taka af sér ópit, to cease weeping;

taka e-t af e-m, to get frotn one (tekr hann af öllu fólki mikil lof);

taka mikinn (mikil), lítinn (lítil) af e-u, to make (say) much, little of;

hón tók lítil af öllu, she said little about it, took it coldly;

øngan tek ek af um liðveizlu við þik, I will not pledge myself as to helping thee;

taka e-t af, to choose, take;

G. bauð þér góð boð, en þú vildir engi af taka, G. made thee good offers, but thou wouldst take none of them;

fara sem fœtr mega af taka, at the top of one’s speed;

hann sigldi suðr sem af tók, as fast as possible;

to abolish, do away with (lagði á þat allan hug al taka af heiðni ok fornar venjur);

taka e-t aptr, to take back, render void (taka aptr þat, er ek gef); to recall (taka aptr orð, heil sín);

taka á e-u, to touch (hón tók á augum hans);

taka vel, auðvelliga, lítt, illa á e-u, to take (a thing) well, in good part, ill, in ill part (fluttu þeir þetta fyrir jarli, en hann tók vel á);

taka e-t á sik, to take upon oneself (kvaðst heldr vilja taka þat á sik at gefa honum annát augat);

tóku þeir á sik svefn mikinn, they fell fast asleep;

taka arf eptir e-n, to inherit one;

taka e-t eptir, to get in return;

með því at þú gerir svá, sem ek býð þér, skaltu nökkut eptir taka, thou shalt have some reward;

taka e-t frá e-m, to take a thing away from one (þeir tóku spjótin frá þeim ok báru út á ána);

taka e-n frá e-u, to deprive one of (taka e-n frá landi, ríki);

taka e-t fyrir e-t, to take in return for (hann keypti sveinana ok tók fyrir þá vesl gott ok slagning); to take for, look upon as (lökum vér þat allt fyrir satt; því tek ek þat fyrir gaman);

taka fyrir e-t, to refuse (tók E. eigi fyrir útanferð at sumri);

taka hendi í e-t, to thrust one’s hand into;

taka í hönd e-m, to shake hands with one;

taka í móti, to offer resistance (þeir brendu víða bygðina, en bœndr tóku ekki í móti);

taka niðr, to pull down, demolish (taka niðr til grundvallar allt þat verk); to graze a little, = taka til jarðar (þeir láta nú taka niðr hesta sína);

taka niðri, to touch (feel) the bottom;

taka ofan, to take down (Högni tekr ofan atgeirinn); to pull down (hann hafði látil taka ofan skála sinn);

taka í sundr, to cut asunder;

impers., slœmdi sverðinu til hans, svá at í sundr tók manninn, so that the man was cleft asunder;

taka til e-s, to take to (tóku þá margir til at níða hann);

taka til máls (orðs, orða), to begin to speak;

nú er þar til máls at taka, at, now we must take up the story at this point, that;

taka til varnar, to begin the defence;

taka til e-s, to have recourse to, resort to (taka e-t til ráðs, bragðs); to concern (þetta mál, er til konungs tók);

láta e-t til sín taka, to let it concern oneself, meddle with (Gísli lét fátt til sín taka);

taka e-n til e-s, to choose, elect (Ólafr var til konungs tekinn um allt land);

absol., taka til, to begin (hann hélt allt austr um Svínasund, þá tók til vald Svíakonungs);

taka e-t til, to take to, do;

ef hann tekr nökkut illt til, if he takes to any ill;

taka um e-t, to take hold of, grasp (nú skaltu taka um fót honum);

taka e-t undan, to take away;

impers., undan kúnni tók nyt alla, the cow ceased to give milk;

taka undan, to run away, escape (B. tók undan með rás);

taka undir e-t, to take hold under a thing;

hann tók undir kverkina ok kyssti hana, he took her by the chin and kissed her;

to undertake, take upon oneself;

H. kvaðst ekki taka mundu undir vandræði þeira, H. said he would have nothing to do with their troubles;

taka undir e-t með e-m, to back, help one in a thing (vil ek, at þér takit undir þetta mál með mér);

þau tóku undir þetta léttiliga, they seconded it readily;

hann tók seinliga undir, he was slow to answer;

taka undir, to echo, resound (fjöllin tóku undir);

taka e-t undir sik, to take on hand (Gizurr tók undir sik málit); to lay hold of (hann tekr undir sik eignir þær, er K. átti í Noregi);

taka e-t upp, to pick up (S. tók upp hanzka sinn);

taka upp fé fyrir e-m, to seize on, confiscate;

taka upp borð, to set up the tables before a meal, but also to remove them after a meal;

taka upp bygð sína, to remove one’s abode;

hón tekr mart þat upp, er fjarri er mínum vilja, she takes much in hand that is far from my will;

drykk ok vistir, svá sem skipit tók upp, as the ship could take;

taka upp ný goðorð, to establish new priesthoods;

taka upp verknað, to take up work;

taka upp stœrð, to take to pride;

taka upp sök, to take up a case;

taka upp draum, to interpret a dream;

taka e-t upp, to choose (seg nú skjótt, hvern kost þú vill upp taka);

absol., taka upp, to extend, rise (rekkjustokkr tekr upp á millum rúma okkarra);

taka út, to run out (E. tók út ór stofunni);

taka við e-u, to receive (A. hafði tekit við föðurarf sínum);

taka vel við e-m, to receive one well, give one a hearty welcome;

taka við trú, to take the faith;

þeir tóku vel við, they made a bold resistance;

tók við hvárr af öðrum, one took up where the other left off;

taka yfir e-t, to extend over (hann skal eignast af Englandi þat, sem uxahúð tekr yfir);

impers. to come to an end, succeed (kveðst nú vænta, at nú mundi yfir taka);

þeir munu allt til vinna at yfir taki við oss, to get the better of us;

13) refl., takast;

1) taking, capture, of a fortress, prisoner;

2) taking, seizing, of property;

3) revenue, = tekja( með öllum tökum ok skyldum).

* * *

pres. tek, tekr; tökum, takit, taka; pret. tók, tókt (tókst), tók, pl. tóku; subj. tæki (tœki); imperat. tak, taktú; part. tekinn: with neg. suff. tek’k-at ek, I take not, Kristni S. (in a verse); tak-a-ttu, take thou not, Fas. i. (in a verse); tekr-at, Grág. (Kb.) i. 9: [Ulf. têkan, pret. taitok = απτεσθαι; Swed. take; Dan. tage, sounded tā, ‘du tar det ikke, vil du ta det;’ Engl. take is a word borrowed from the Dan., which gradually displaced the Old Engl. niman.]

A. To take hold of, seize, grasp; taka sér alvæpni, Eg. 236; tóku menn sér þar byrðar ok báru út, Egill tók undir hönd sér mjöð-drekku, 237; nú taki hest minn, ok skal ek ríða eptir honum, 699; tóku þeir skíð sín ok stigu á, 545; hann tók inni vinstri hendi spjótið ok skaut, Nj. 42; lauk upp kistu ok tók upp góð kvennmanna-klæði, Ld. 30; hann tekr nú bogann, … tekr nú kaðal einn, Fas. ii. 543; taka upp net, K. Þ. K. 90; hross skal maðr taka ok teyma ok hepta, þótt heilagt sé, id.

2. to seize; þeir tóku þar herfang mikit, Nj. 43; tóku skipit ok allt þat er á var, Fms. vii. 249; þeir tóku þar skútu, viii. 438; tóku skip hans, landtjald, klæði, ix. 275; taka fé okkat allt með ráni, Nj. 5; engi maðr skal fyrir öðrum taka, Gþl. 473; hann leiddi þik til arfs … munu taka óvinir þínir ef þú kemr eigi til, Nj. 4; þeir tóku bæinn, seized, Sturl. ii. 149; kona hafði tekit ( stolen) … ok vildi hann refsa henni, Fms. vii. 330.

3. to catch; Skotar munu hafa tekit njósnir allar, Nj. 126; standi menn upp ok taki hann, 130; hann skyldi taka hundinn, 114; þeir tóku á sundi mann einn, Fms. vii. 225; gröf, at taka í dýr, Flóv. 33; taka höndum, to lay hold of, take captive, Nj. 114, 275; in a good sense, Fms. x. 314.

4. taka e-n af lífi, to take one from life, Fms. x. 3, Eg. 70; taka e-n af lífdögum, id., Fms. vii. 204: ellipt., taka af (af-taka), to take one off, put to death, Js. 23; taka e-n af nafni ok veldi, to deprive of …, Eg. 268; tóku þeir af eignum jarla konungs, Fms. i. 6: taka af e-m, to take a thing from one, x. 421, Nj. 103, 131, Eg. 120, Ld. 288; taka frá e-m, to take from, off, Nj. 253, K. Þ. K. 48; taka ofan, to take down, pull down, Nj. 119, 168; taka ór, to set apart, 232; taka undir sik, to take under oneself, subject, Fms. x. 24: to take charge of, Nj. 110, Eg. 725: taka upp, to take up, pick up, assume, 23.

5. to take, grasp; taka í hönd e-m, to shake hands, Nj. 129; taka á lopti, to interrupt, Fms. x. 314; taka í ketil, of the ordeal, Grág. i. 381, Gkv. 3. 7; taka í jörð, to graze, of an animal, Bs. i. 338; jó lætr til jarðar taka, Skm. 15; skulu þér láta taka niðr hesta yðra, to graze a little, Band. 14 new Ed.; tók einn þeirra niðr í sinn klæðsekk, Stj.

II. metaph., taka upphaf, to begin, Hom. 49; taka vöxt ok þroska, to increase, Rb. 392; taka konungdóm, Eg. 646; taka ráð, 49; taka skírn, 770; taka trú, to take the faith, become a Christian, Nj. 273; taka hvíld, to take rest, 43, 115; taka á sik svefn, 252; taka ræðu, to begin a parley, Eg. 578; taka umræðu, id., Nj. 146; þau taka þá tal, Ld. 72, Fms. ii. 254; taka nærri sér, see nær l. 2; taka á sik göngu, Fbr. 101 new Ed.; taka á sik svefn, Nj.; taka eld, to light a fire, 199; taka e-n orðum, to address; taka í sætt, to receive into reconciliation, Eg. 168; taka sættir, to accept terms, id. (also taka sættum, id.); taka þenna kost, 280; taka samheldi, Fms. ix. 344; ok tóku þat fastliga, at friðr skyldi standa, declared firmly that, x. 40, v. l.; taka stefnu, to fix a meeting, xi. 400; tóku þeir stefnu í milli sín, 402; nú er svá tekið um allt landit, at …, fixed by law that …, Gþl. 275; þeir tóku fastmælum sín í milli, at …, Bret. 82; taki í lög, to take into fellowship, Fms. xi. 96; lög-taka, cp. lófa-tak, vápna-tak; Gunnarr bauð þér góð boð enn þú vildir engi af taka, thou wouldst accept none of them, Nj. 77; tók hann þann kost af, at leggja allt á konungs vald, Fms. iv. 224; ok þat tóku þeir af, ix. 367; Ólafr kvaðsk þat mundu af taka, Ld. 72; taka e-t til ráðs, or taka ráðs, bragðs, to resort to, Nj. 75, 124, 199: also, taka e-t til, to resort to, 26, Fms. xi, 253, passim (til-tæki); taka mót, to receive, Edda 15; taka e-t við, to receive in return, Fms. ii. 269; taka bætr fyrir e-t, xi. 253; með því þú görir sem ek býð þér, skaltú nökkuð eptir taka, take some reward for it, Ld. 44; þat er bæði at vér róum hart, enda mun nú mikit eptir taka, a great reward, Finnb. 232 (eptir-tekja); taka fæðu, to take food; taka corpus Domini, Mar.; taka samsæti, Fms. ii. 261; taka arf, Eg. 34; taka erfð, Gþl. 241; taka fé eptir föður sinn, Fms. xi. 47; taka laun, Nj. 68; taka veizlu, to take, receive a veizla (q. v.), Fms. xi. 239; konungr … hann tekr ( receives) af mörgum, skal hann því mikit gefa, 217; taka mikit lof, x. 367; taka helgun af Guði, Rb. 392; taka heilsu, to recover, Stj. 624; ek skal taka hæði-yrði af þér, Nj. 27; taka af honum rán ok manntjón, Ld. 64; taka úskil af íllum mönnum, Greg. 44; taka píslir ok dauða, 656 B. 30; drap hann þar menn nökkura, þótti mönnum hart at taka þat af útlendum manni, Bs. i. 19; þeir tóku mikinn andróða, Fms. viii. 438; taka andviðri, Eg. 87; þeir tóku norðan-veðr hörð, were overtaken by, Nj. 124; taka sótt, to be taken sick or ill (North E. to take ill), 29, Fms. xi. 97, Eg. 767; taka þyngd. id., Ísl. ii. 274; taka fótar-mein, Nj. 219; taka úgleði, to get out of spirits, Eg. 322; hann tók þá fáleika ok úgleði, Fms. vii. 103; hann tók langt kaf, 202; taka arftaki, to adopt, Grág. i. 232; taka konung, to take, elect a king, Fms. ix. 256; taka konu, to take a wife, x. 397; hann kvángaðisk ok tók bróður-dóttur þess manns er Finnr hét, 406; tók Magnús konungr Margrétu, 413; taka konu brott nauðga, to carry off a woman, Grág. i. 353; tók hann þá til háseta, he hired them, Eg. 404; taka far or fari, Landn. 307, Grág. ii. 406 (far, ii. 3); taka úkunna stigu, to take to unknown ways, Fms. viii. 30; taka ferð, to start, Stj.; taka til konungs, or the like, Eg. 367, 400, Fms. vii. 252; taka til siðar, Sks. 313; taka e-n vel, to receive well; ok taki ér, herra, vel þá Hjalta ok Gizur, Bs. i. 19; tók Skota-konungr hann vel, Fms. xi. 419; taka e-t þvert, to take a thing crossly, deny flatly, Nj. 26; taka fyrir e-t, to stop, interrupt, refuse, Fms. x. 251.

III. to reach, stretch forth, touch; hann beit skarð, allt þat er tennr tóku, Eg. 605; eigi djúpara enn þeim tók undir hendr, Ld. 78; skurðrinn tók á framan-verðan bakkann, Krók.; hyrnan tók andlitið, Nj. 253; rödd tekr eyru, Skálda 175; döggskórinn tók niðr akrinn upp-standanda, Fas. i. 173; hafði flóð tekit þær, swept them away, Fms. xi. 393; spjót langskept svá at vel taki skipa meðal, Sks. 385; nef hans tók austr til landsenda … véli-fjarðar tóku norðr í Finnabú, Fms. viii. 10; tekr mörkin náliga allt it efra suðr, Eg. 58; þvíat ekki tek ek heim í kveld, Nj. 275; mun ek taka þangat í dag? Hbl.; bóndans bót tekr fyrir ( encompasses) konu, hans ok börn ok hjón, N. G. L. i. 341; taka niðri, to take the ground, of a ship or thing floating, Fas. iii. 257; svá at upp tekr um klaufir, Boll. 336; at eigi tæki hann (acc.) regnit, Stj. 594; skulu vér varask, at eigi taki oss þau dæmi, Hom. 70; svá mikit er uxa-húð tekr yfir, Fas. i. 288; nær því er þú sér at taka mun en ekki ór hófi, Sks. 21; hundr bundinn svá at taki eigi til manna, Grág. ii. 119; taka höndum upp, to lift up hands, Bs. i. 735, Edda 22; ek sé fram undir brekkuna, at upp taka spjóts-oddar fimtán, Finnb. 286; þetta smíði (Babel) tók upp ór veðrum, Edda 146 (pref.); hárit tók ofan á belti, Nj. 2; stöpul er til himins tæki, 645. 71; hér til tekr en fyrsta bók, reaches here, 655 vii. 4; taka mátti hendi til fals, Eg. 285; þeir tóku fram árum, took the oars, Fms. vii. 288; smeygði á sik ok tók út höndunum, 202; þeir tóku undun, to escape, viii. 438: to reach, land, take harbour, gaf honum vel byri ok tóku Borgarfjörð, Nj. 10; tóku þeir Friðar-ey, 268; þeir tóku land á Melrakka-sléttu, Ísl. ii. 246; byrjaði vel ok tóku Noreg, Ld. 72, 310; tóku þar land sem heitir Vatnsfjörðr, Landn. 30: ellipt., hann tók þar sem nú heitir Herjólfs-höfn, id.; þeir tóku fyrir sunnan land, 175.

2. to take, hold, of a vessel; ketill or tók tvær tunnur, Fb. i. 524; lands þess er tæki ( of the value of) fjóra tigi hundraða, Sturl. i. 98, v. l.; hringrinn tók tólf hundruð mórend, Nj. 225: so in the phrase, það tekr því ekki, it is not worth the while; þann enn eina grip er hann átti svá at fé tæki, the sole object of value he had, Bs. i. 636.

3. spec. usages; fara sem fætr mega af taka, Finnb. 288; konur æpa sem þær megu mest af taka, Al. 47, (aftak, aftaka-veðr, q. v.), Karl. 109, 196; fóru hvárir-tveggju sem af tók, went as fast as possible, Fms, iv. 304; hann sigldi suðr sem af tók, Eg. 93: in the phrase, taka mikinn, lítinn … af e-u, to make much, little of, take it to heart or lightly; mikit tekr þú af þessu, thou takest it much to heart, Lv. 10; öngan tek ek af um liðveizlu við þik, I will not pledge myself as to helping thee, Ld. 105; eigi töku vér mikit af at tortryggva þá bók, þótt mart sé undarligt í sagt, we will not strongly question the truth of the book, although many wonders are told therein, Sks. 78; Óspakr kvað hana mikit af taka, said he used very strong language, Ld. 216; mikinn tekr þú af, segir konungr, thou settest much by it, said the king, Fms. vi. 206: munda ek sýnu minna hafa af tekit ef ek væra údrukkinn, I would have kept a better tongue, xi. 112; Þórvarðr tók eigi af fyrir útanferð sína, did not quite refuse the going abroad, Sturl. iii. 244; hann kvaðsk eigi taka mega af því hvat mælt væri, he did not much mind what folks said, Nj. 210; hón tók lítið af öllu, said little about it, took it coolly, Eg. 322; tók hann minna af enn áðr við Íslendinga, he spoke not so strongly of them as he used to do, Glúm. 328; ok er sendi-menn kómu tók hann lítið af, Fms. x. 101; Flosi svaraði öllu vel, en tók þó lítið af, F. gave a civil but reserved answer, Nj. 180.

IV. with prepp.; taka af hesti, to take (the saddle) off a horse, Nj. 4, 179; taka af sér ópit, to cease weeping, Ölk. 35; taka skriðinn af skipinu, Fms. ii. 305; taka e-t af, to abolish, vii. 1, x. 152, Ísl. ii. 258:—taka á e-u, to touch (á-tak), Nj. 118; þegar sem nær þeim er komit ok á þeim tekit, Stj. 76; sá er tekr fyrst á funa, Gm.; þat er ok, áðr þeir taki á dómum sinum ( ere they deliver sentence), at þeir skolu eið vinna áðr, Grág. i. 64; taka vel, auðvelliga, lítt, ekki vel, ílla … á e-u, to take a thing so and so, take it well, in good part, ill, in ill part, etc., Ld. 50, 248, Fms. xi. 124, Nj. 206, 265; Gunnarr talaði fátt um ok tók á öngu úlíkliga, 40; tak glaðan á ( cheerfully) við konunginn, Fms. xi. 112; þeir höfðu sagt hversu hann hafði á tekit þeim feðgum, Rd. 284; Leifr tekr á þessu eigi mjök, Fb. ii. 397; tók Börkr (á) því seinliga, Eb. 15 new Ed.:—taka eptir, to notice, observe, Sturl. i. 2 (eptir-tekt):—taka móti, to withstand, resist, Nj. 261, Fms. ix. 307, 513 (mót-tak):—taka með, to reserve, accept, iv. 340, xi. 427 (með-taka): taka við, hann tókþar ok við mörg önnur dæmi, bæði konunga æfi, he tacked to it many records, the lives of kings, etc., Ó. H. (pref.): this isolated phrase has led editors (but wrongly) to substitute hann ‘jók’ þar við:—taka aptr, to take back, render void, undo, Bs. i. 631, Nj. 191, Sks. 775; eigi má aptr taka unnit verk, a saying, Fms. ii. 11: to recall, unsay, mun ek þau orð eigi aptr taka, Ld. 42, Fms. ii. 253:—taka í, to pull off; taktu í hann, to pull his stocking off:—taka um, to take hold of, grasp, Eg. 410, Hkr. ii. 322:—taka upp, to pick up, assume; niðr at fella ok upp at taka, 625. 68, Eg. 23; taka upp borð, to put up the tables before a meal; tekr upp borð ok setr fyrir þá Butralda, Fbr. 37; vóru borð upp tekin um alla stofuna ok sett á vist, Eg. 551: but also to remove them after a meal (= taka borð ofan), 408, Hkr. ii. 192, Fms. i. 41, Orkn. 246 (see borð II); taka upp vist, to put food on the table, Vm. 168; taka upp bygð sína, to remove one’s abode, passim; taka upp, of a body, to take up, disinter, Hkr. ii. 388; taka upp, to seize on, confiscate, Nj. 73, 207, Ld. 38, Eg. 73; þeir tóku upp ( laid waste) þorp þat er heitir Tuma-þorp, Fms. i. 151; var þá tekin upp bygð Hrolleifs, Fs. 34; hón tekr þat mart upp er fjarri er mínum vilja, Nj. 6l; at þú gefir ró reiði ok takir þat upp er minnst vandræði standi af, 175; taka upp verknað, to take up work, Ld. 34; taka upp stærð, to take to pride, Fms. x. 108; halda upp-teknu efni, i. 263; taka upp sök, mál, to take up a case, Nj. 31, 71, 231: to interpret, eigi kann ek öðruvís at ráða þenna draum … glíkliga er upp tekit, Sturl. iii. 216; ok skal svá upp taka ‘síks glóð,’ þat er ‘gull,’ Edda 127; kvæði, ef þau eru rétt kveðin ok skynsamliga upp tekin, Hkr. (pref.); tók hann svá upp, at honum væri eigi úhætt, Fms. ix. 424; drykk ok vistir svá sem skipit tók upp, as the ship could take, iv. 92; er þat skip mikit, ok mun þat taka oss upp alla, Nj. 259; þat hjóna er meira lagði til félags skal meira upp taka, Gþl. 220; þótti þeim í hönd falla at taka upp land þetta hjá sér sjálfum, Ld. 210; skal sá sem at Kálfafelli býr taka upp vatn at sínum hlut, Vm. 168; taka upp giptu hjá Dana-konungi, Fms. xi. 426; taka upp goðorð, Nj. 151, 168, Grág. i. 24; taka upp þing. Ann. 1304 ( to restore); tókusk þá upp lög ok landsréttr, Fs. 27; taka upp vanda, Fms. vii. 280:—taka til, to take to; hefna svá at ekki fýsi annan slík firn til at taka, 655 xiii. A. 3; tóku margir þá til at níða hann, Bs. i; taka til ráða, ráðs, bragðs, Nj. 19, 75, 124; hann tók til ráða skjótt, 19; enn þó munu vér þat bragðs taka, 199; hvat skal nú til ráða taka, 124; ef hann tekr nökkut íllt til, 26; hverja úhæfu er hann tekr til, Fms. xi. 253; taka til máls, to take to talking, Nj. 16, 71; taka til orðs, or orða, 122, 230, 264; hann tók nú til at segja söguna, to take to telling a story; taka til varnar, to begin the defence, Grág. i. 60, Nj. 271; nú er þar til at taka, at …, 74; er blót tóku til, Landn. 111; þá tók til ríki Svía-konungs, Fms. iv. 118; um Slésvík þar sem Dana-ríki tók til, xi. 417: to concern, þat mun taka til yðar, Hom. 150; þetta mál er til konungs tók, Fms. xi. 105; láta til sín taka, to let it concern oneself, meddle with, Band. 23 new Ed.; Gísl lét fátt til sín taka, Fms. vii. 30; vil ek nú biðja þik at þú létir ekki til þín taka um tal várt, Nj. 184: to have recourse to, þú tekr eigi til þeirra liðsinnis ef ekki þarf, Fms. vii. 17, Grág. i. 41; taka til segls, Eg. 573, Fms. ix. 22; taka til sunds, 24; taka til e-s, to note, mark, with dislike:—taka undir, to take under a thing; hann tók undir kverkina, took her by the chin, Nj. 2; þá tók Egill undir höfða-hlut Skalla-grími, Eg. 398: to undertake, þat mál er þeir skyldi sjálfir undir taka, Hkr. i. 266; þá skal hann taka undir þá sömu þjónostu, Ó. H. 120: to back, second, hann kvaðsk ekki mundu taka undir vandræði þeirra, Nj. 182; undir þann kviðling tók Rúnolfr goði, ok sótti Hjalta um goðgá, Bs. i. 17: ek mun taka undir með þér ok styðja málit, Fms. xi. 53; hann tók ekki undir þat ráð, Fb. ii. 511; þau tóku undir þetta léttliga, seconded it readily, Ld. 150; hann tók seinliga undir, Nj. 217; hann hafði heyrt tal þeirra ok tók undir þegar, ok kvað ekki saka, Ld. 192: göra tilraun hversu þér tækit undir þetta, Fb. i. 129: to echo, blésu herblástr svá at fjöllin tóku undir, Fas. i. 505; taka undir söng, to accompany singing:—taka við, to receive; nú tóktú svá við sverði þessu, Fms. i. 15; siðan hljópu menn hans, enn hann túk við þeim, 105; jörð tekr við öldri, Hm.; til þess er akkerit tók við, grappled, took hold, Dan. holde igen, Fms. x. 135. v. l.; þar til er sjár tók við honum, Edda 153 (pref.); taka við ríki, Eg. 241, Fms. i. 7; taka við trú, Nj. 158, 159; taka við handsölum á e-u, 257; ef maðr görr við at taka við dæmdum úmaga, Grág. i. 258; taka vel við e-m, to receive well, Nj. 5; ekki torleiði tekr við yðr, no obstacle stops you, Al. 120; þeir tóku við vel ok vörðusk, made a bold resistance, Fms. i. 104; eggjuðu sumir at við skyldi taka, vii. 283; at þeir skyldi verja landit, en þeir vildu eigi við taka, xi. 386; ganga fram á mel nökkurn, ok segir Hrútr at þeir mundu þar við taka, Ld. 62; þar stóð steinn einn mikill, þar bað Kjartan þá við taka, 220; seg þú æfi-sögu þína, Ásmundr, en þá skal Egill við taka, tell thy life’s tale, Asmund, and then shall Egil take his turn, Fas. iii. 374; tók við hvárr af öðrum, one took up where the other left off:—taka yfir, hann vildi eigi til ráða nema hann ætlaði at yfir tæki, Fms. iv. 174; þeir munu allt til vinna, at yfir taki með oss, Nj. 198; at eyrendi þeirra skyldi eigi lyktuð né yfir tekin, Fms. iv. 224.

V. to take to, begin:

1. with infin., tóku menn at binda sár sín, Eg. 93; hann tók at yrkja þegar er hann var ungr, 685; hans afli tók at vaxa, Fms. viii. 47; á þeim veg er ek tæka ganga, Sks. 3; taka at birtask, 568; tekr at dimma, birta … rigna, it gets dim, takes to darken … rain; allt þat er hann tekr at henda, Nj. 5; þá tók at lægja veðrit, 124; tók þá at morna, 131; tók þá at nátta, Fms. ix. 54; kvölda tekr = Lat. vesperascit, Luke xxiv. 29.

2. in other phrases, taka á rás, to take to running, to run, Nj. 253, Eg. 216, 220, Eb. 62 (hófu á rás, 67 new Ed.), Hrafn. 7: ellipt., tók bogmaðr ok hans menn á land upp undan, they took to the inland and escaped, Fms. ix. 275; tók hann þegar upp um brú, viii. 169; svá íllt sem nú er frá at taka (to escape, shun), þá mun þó síðarr verr, Fs. 55; taka flótta, to take to flight, Hm. 30; Eirekr tók út ór stofunni, took out of the room, ran out, Sturl. ii. 64; þeir tóku út eitt veðr allir, stood out to sea with the same wind, Fb. ii. 243.

VI. with dat., to take to, receive (perh. ellipt. for taka við- e-u); jarl tók vel sendi-mönnum ok vináttu-málum konungs, Fms. i. 53; konungr tók honum vel ok blíðliga, vii. 197; tekit mundu vér hafa kveðju þinni þóttú hefðir oss fyrri fagnat, Ld. 34; Grímr tók því seinliga, Eg. 764; Sigurðr tók því máli vel, 38, Fms. x. 2; konungr tók þá vel orðum Þórólfs, Eg. 44; hann tók því þakksamliga, Fms. i. 21; taka vel þeirra eyrendum, x. 33; Barði tók þessu vel, Ld. 236; Hákon tók því seinliga, Fms. i. 74; eigi mun konungr taka því þótt slík lygi sé upp borin fyrir hann, Eg. 59; tók Brynjólfr þá sættum fyrir Björn, 168; Njáll átti hlut at, at þeir skyldi taka sættum, Nj. 120; taka handsölum á fé, 257; taka heimildum á e-u, Fms. x. 45; taka fari, Grág. ii. 399, Nj. 111, 258 (see far); taka bóli, to take a farm (on lease), Gþl. 328, 354; mun ek máli taka fyrir alla Íslenzka menn þá er á skipi eru, speak for them, Bs. i. 421.

VII. impers. it is taken; hann brá upp hendinni ok tók hana af honum ok höfuðit af konunginum, Nj. 275; ok tók af nasarnar, Fms. x. 135, v. l.; þá tók af veðrit (acc.), the weather ‘took up’ (as is said in North of England), the storm abated. Fas. i. 157; svá at þar tæki af vega alla, all roads were stopped, Fms, iii. 122; af þeim tók málit ok görask úfærir, Fas. ii. 549; kom á höndina fyrir ofan úlflið svá at af tók, Nj. 84; kom á fótinn svá at af tók, 123; þá tók efa af mörgum manni, Fms. iii. 8; sýnina tekr frá e-m, to become blind, x. 339; undan kúnni tók nyt alla, Eb. 316; jafnskjótt tók ór verkinn allan, Fms. iv. 369; tók út skip Þangbrands ór Hitará, she drifted out, Bs. i. 15; í þat mund dags er út tók eykðina, when the time of ‘eykð’ was nearly passed, Fms. xi. 136; um várit er sumar-hita tók, when the summer heat set in, Fs. 67; réru svá skjótt at ekki tók (viz. þá) á vatni, Fms. vii. 344.

2. as a naut. term, to clear, weather a point; veðr var litið ok tók þeim skamt frá landi, the weather was still, and they kept close in shore, Fms. vi. 190: hence the mod. naut. phrase, e-m tekr, to clear, weather; mér tók fyrir nesit, I cleared, weathered the ness; vindr þver, svo að þeim tekr ekki.

3. þar er eigi of tekr torf eðr grjót, where neither is at hand, Grág. ii. 262; þau dæmi tekr til þessa máls, the proofs of this are, that when …, Hom. 127.

B. Reflex., takask mikit á hendr, to take much in hand, Band. 3, Nj. 228, Fms. i. 159; tókumk ek þat á hendr, xi. 104; láta af takask, to let oneself be deprived of, Eg. 296; takask e-n á hendr.

2. to be brought about, take effect, succeed; cp. þykkir mikit í hættu hversu þér teksk, Ld. 310; þat tóksk honum, he succeeded, Bárð. 167; tekst þá tveir vilja, it succeeds when two will, i. e. joint efforts prevail, a saying:—takask til, to happen; Ásgrími tóksk svá til (it so happened to A.), sem sjaldan var vant, at vörn var í máii hans, Nj. 92; ef svá vill til takask. Fas. i. 251; svá erviðliga sem þeim hafði til tekizk at herja á þá feðga, Fms. i. 184; mér hefir úgiptuliga tekizk, Ld. 252; þætti mér allmiklu máli skipta at þér tækisk stórmannliga, that thou wouldst behave generously, Hkr. ii. 32; hefir þetta svá tekizk sem ván var at, er hann var barn at aldri, 268.

3. to take place, begin; tóksk orrosta, Nj. 8; teksk þar orrosta, 122; ráð takask, of a marriage; en ef þá takask eigi ráðin, if the wedding takes not place then, Grág. i. 311; lýkr svá at ráðin skyldi takask, 99; ráð þau skyldi takask at öðru sumri, Eg. 26, Fms. x. 40: to be realised, hvatamaðr at þessi ferð skyldi takask, Ld. 240; síðan er mægð hafdi tekizk með þeim, since they had intermarried, Eg. 37; takask með þeim góðar ástir, they came to love one another much, of newly-married people, passim; féráns dómr teksk, Grág. i. 95; takask nú af heimboðin, to cease, Ld. 208; ok er allt mál at ættvíg þessi takisk af, 258.

II. recipr., takask orðum, to speak to one another, Fms. xi. 13; ok er þeir tókusk at orðum, spurði hann …, Eg. 375; bræðr-synir takask arf eptir, entreat one another, Gþl. 241; ef menn takask fyrir árar eða þiljur, take from one another, 424: takask á, to wrestle, Bárð. 168; takask fangbrögðum, Ld. 252, Ísl. ii. 446: takask í hendr, to shake hands, Grág. i. 384, Nj. 3, 65.

III. part. tekinn; vóru þá tekin ( stopped) öll borgar-hlið ok vegar allir, at Norðmönnum kæmi engi njósn, Fms. vi. 411: Steinþórr var til þess tekinn, at …, S. was particularly named as …, Eb. 32, 150; hann var til þess tekinn, at honum var verra til hjóna en öðrum mönnum, Grett. 70 new Ed. (cp. mod. usage, taka til e-s, to wonder at): lá hann ok var mjök tekinn, very ill, Sturl. i. 89: Álfhildr var þungliga tekin, ok gékk henni nær dauða, Fms. iv. 274; hann var mjök tekinn ok þyngdr af líkþrá, ii. 229; þú ert Ílla at tekin fyrir vanheilsu sakir, vii. 244; ú-tekin jörð, an untaken, unclaimed estate, Sturl. iii. 57, Gþl. 313.

2. at af teknum þeim, except, Fms. x. 232; at af teknum úvinum sínum, 266, (Latinism.)

sail (off/away), set sail (с in за to)

take passage, embark (за for)

(за кораб) put away, put/stand (out) to sea, get under way

отплавам от пристанище clear at a port, leave harbour/port

отплавам за пристанище clear for a port

* * *

sail (off/away), set sail (с in; за to); take passage, embark (за for); ( за кораб) put away, put/stand (out) to sea, get under way

* * *

отплу̀вам,

гл. sail (off/away), set sail (с in; за to); take passage, embark (за for); (за кораб) put away, put/stand (out) to sea, get under way; \отплувам за пристанище clear for a port; \отплувам от пристанище clear at a port, leave harbour/port.

* * *

float off

n; -s, kein Pl.; (Tun) activity, activities Pl. auch pej., practices Pl. meist pej.; (Vorgänge) auch goings-on Pl. (meist pej.); (Machenschaften) intriguing, intrigues Pl., machinations Pl. pej. oder hum.; (geschäftiges Treiben) bustle, bustling activity; buntes Treiben auch hustle and bustle; geschäftiges Treiben a buzz ( oder flurry) of activity; sich ins närrische Treiben stürzen descend to a carnival atmosphere; es war ein wildes Treiben umg. it was really wild, they were going at it hammer and tongs; wir beobachten sein Treiben schon lange we have been keeping an eye on him ( oder his activities) for quite some time; dem / jemandes Treiben ein Ende setzen put a stop to the(se) practices / s.o.’s activities

* * *

driving

* * *

nt -s, -

1) (= Getriebe) hustle and bustle; (von Schneeflocken) swirling

2)

* * *

1) (drifting: adrift on the open sea.) adrift

2) (a heap of something driven together, especially snow: His car stuck in a snowdrift.) drift

3) (to (cause to) float or be blown along: Sand drifted across the road; The boat drifted down the river.) drift

4) (to force or urge along: Two men and a dog were driving a herd of cattle across the road.) drive

5) (to (make something) stay on the surface of a liquid: A piece of wood was floating in the stream.) float

6) ((of plants etc) to produce (shoots, leaves etc).) put out

7) rush

8) (to (cause to) develop leaves, shoots etc: The trees are sprouting new leaves.) sprout

* * *

1. (pej: üble Aktivität)

▪ jds \Treiben sb's dirty tricks

2. (geschäftige Aktivität) hustle and bustle

* * *

1) o. Pl. bustle

2) o. Pl. (Tun) activities pl.; doings pl.; (Machenschaften) wheelings and dealings pl

* * *

treiben; treibt, trieb, hat oder ist getrieben

A. v/t (hat)

1. drive (auch Vieh, Wild, Räder, Ball, Elektronik, Nagel, fig an-, austreiben); Strömung: carry, sweep, wash; Wellen: wash, sweep; Wind: blow, sweep, drive; Luft: carry; (Person) (antreiben) auch impel, motivate; (austreiben) auch expel;

etwas ans Ufer treiben wash ( oder drive) sth ashore;

in die Höhe treiben (Preise) force up ( oder higher);

zur Verzweiflung treiben drive ( oder reduce) sb to despair;

jemanden in den Wahnsinn treiben drive sb mad umg, cause sb to lose his ( oder her) reason;

jemanden zur Eile treiben hurry sb, urge sb to hurry ( oder be quick), urge sb on;

ich lasse mich nicht treiben don’t (try to) push me, don’t try to put pressure on me, I won’t be rushed, I refuse to be rushed; → Tod 1

2. (Blätter etc) sprout; (Pflanzen) force; (Urin) produce;

den Teig treiben make the dough rise;

es treibt einem den Schweiß auf die Stirn it gets you sweating

3. (Metall) chase, work; → getrieben

4. (betreiben) do, engage in ( auch SPORT); (Handel, Gewerbe etc) engage in, be engaged in, carry on; JUR (Ehebruch, Unzucht etc) commit;

was treibst du da? what are you up to ( oder doing)?;

was treibst du denn so? what are you doing with yourself ( oder what are you up to) these days?;

treibt es nicht zu toll! don’t overdo it!, don’t go mad!;

es mit jemandem treiben umg have ( oder be having) it off (US be doing it) with sb;

es übel mit jemandem treiben (severely) maltreat sb; (Kinder, Pfleglinge etc:) abuse sb; → Aufwand 2, Enge 4, Spitze¹ 4, Unfug 1 etc

B. v/i

1. (ist) im Wasser: float; von Wind und Strömung bewegt: drift, be carried; Schnee, Rauch: drift, be carried;

sich treiben drift (auch fig);

aufs offene Meer/an Land treiben drift ( oder be carried) out to sea/be washed ashore ( oder up on the shore [ oder coast]);

du kannst die Dinge nicht einfach treiben you can’t just let things ride ( oder drift)

2. (hat) (keimen) sprout; MED (Urin treiben) be ( oder act as) a diuretic; (gären) ferment, work;

das bayrische Bier treibt ganz schön umg Bavarian beer goes right through you; → Kraft 2

3. (hat) (drängen)

er treibt immer he’s always breathing down your neck, he’s always pushing you

* * *

1) o. Pl. bustle

2) o. Pl. (Tun) activities pl.; doings pl.; (Machenschaften) wheelings and dealings pl

* * *

= to drift v.

to drive v.

to impel v.

to occupy one's self with something expr.

to propel v.

to wreak v.

1. (в разн. знач.) go* out; (из вагона и т. п.) alight, get* out

2. (появляться, быть изданным) appear, be / come* out, be published; (о приказе и т. п.) be issued

3. (расходоваться; кончаться) run* out; (тк. о сроке) be up

4. ( получаться в результате) come*, make*, be

5. (из; получаться):

6. (быть родом, происходить) be by origin; come*, be

7. (из; выбывать из состава) leave* (d.), drop out (of)

8. тк. несов. (на вн.; быть обращённым в какую-л. сторону) look (on, towards), face (d.), front (d.); (тк. об окнах) open (on), give* (on)

несовер. - выходить; совер. - выйти

1) (в разл. знач.) go out, come out, walk out, leave; get out, get off; alight (из вагона и т. п.)

2) (появляться, быть изданным) appear, be published, be issued, be out, come out

3) (расходоваться; кончаться) spend, be used up, run out (of); have expired (о сроке)

4) ( получаться в результате) come off; come out, turn out, ensue, result

5) (быть родом, происходить) come, originate, be by origin

6) (выбывать из состава) leave, drop out (of)

7) только несовер. (быть обращенным в какую-л. сторону)

••

- выйти в люди

- wypuścić z rąk książkę/talerz to drop a book/plate

- wypuścić kogoś z więzienia to release sb from prison

- wypuścić konie na łąkę to let the horses out into the meadow

- terroryści wypuścili kobiety i dzieci the terrorists let the women and children go

- wypuścić ptaka na wolność to release a bird back into the wild

- wypuścić powietrze z balonika to let the air out of the balloon

- wypuścić wodę z wanny to let the water out of the bathtub

- wypuścić strzałę z łuku to shoot an arrow

- zapalił i wypuścił kłąb dymu he lit a cigarette and let out a puff of smoke

- nosił koszulę wypuszczoną na spodnie he wore his shirt outside his trousers

- maliny wypuściły sok the raspberries have released their juice

- wypuścić na rynek nowy model samochodu to put a new model of car on the market

- wypuścić pąki/pędy to bud/to sprout

- wypuścić się łodzią na morze to set out to sea in a boat

- wypuścić się w podróż to set out on a journey

- w pogoni za nieprzyjacielem wypuścili się aż za rzekę they ventured beyond the river in pursuit of the enemy

■ wypuścić coś w dzierżawę to lease sth out

adv.; see útan.

* * *

[Ulf. ûtana = ἔξωθεν], from without, from outside; gengu þeir útan brygginna, they went up by the pier (from the sea), Fms. ii. 281; ok er þeir sóttu út á fjörðinn, þá réru útan í móti þeim Rögnvaldr, then R. rowed towards them, coming from the outward, Eg. 386; skjóta útan báti, to put out a boat, Nj. 272; fyrir útan (with acc.), outside of a thing, opp. to fyrir innan, 271; útan at Hafslæk, Eg. 711; Strandmaðr útan, a man from the Out-Strand, Sturl. ii. 205; útan ór Þrándheimi, Fms. i. 36.

2. útan denoted the coming from without, of a voyage from Iceland to Norway, for to the Norse traders Iceland was an outlying country; also of a journey from Greenland to Iceland, Grág. i. 211; but the Icelanders also soon came to use it of going out of their own land; ferja e-n útan, fara útan, to go abroad, i. e. from Iceland, passim; fara útan, to go abroad, Grág. i. 99, 181, Nj. 94, Eg. 196, Ld. 230; spurði Þórarinn Glúm hvárt hann ætlaði útan sem hann var vanr, Th. asked G. if he intended to go abroad as he was wont, Nj. 22; meðan hann væri útan, whilst he was abroad, 4; þá var Valgarðr útan, faðir hans, 72, Ld. 254, passim (cp. út): then of other far countries, koma útan af Jórsalaheimi, Fms. vii. 74; útan af Africa, Ver. 51.

II. without motion, outside; útan á síðuna, Hkr. i. 239; útan ok sunnan undir eldhúsinu stóð dyngja, outside, towards the south, Gísl. 15; hón séri því um gammann bæði útan ok innan, both outside and inside, Fms. i. 9; jamt útan sem innan, Grág. i. 392, Greg. 19; þar útan um liggr inn djúpi sjár, Edda; lagðir í kring útan um, Eg. 486; jörðin er kringlótt útan, Edda; poki um útan, with a poke about it outside, wrapped in a poke, Ld. 188; skáli súðþaktr útan, Nj. 114.

III. conj. except, besides (Dan. uden); verðr fátt um kveðjur, útan þeir leggja skip saman, except that they …, Fms. x. 205; eigi skal hann, útan ( but) keypti, Gþl. 538; útan heldr, but rather, Stj. 10; útan eigi, 15; engi, útan synir Tosta, Hkr. iii. 170; engi hlutr útan sá einn, Fms. ii. 38: of whole sentences, útan þat skildi, at …, with that exception that, i. 21; fríðr at yfirlitum, útan eygðr var hann mjök, fine-looking, but that he had goggle eyes, Fas. iii. 298; fjögur ásauðarkúgildi, útan hann leysti þá þegar eitt í kosti, Dipl. v. 7; unless, kveðsk eigi við þeim vanbúinn, útan þeir sviki hann, Korm. 202, Fms. vi. 70.

2. without, with acc.; Scot. but, as in the motto of the Macphersons, ‘touch not the cat but the glove;’ útan alla prýði, Stj. 10; útan starf ok erviði, 38; útan frænda ráð, Hkr. i. 232; útan leyfi konungs, Gþl. 115; útan konungs rétt ok aðildar-manna, Orkn. 212; útan aðrar lögligar pínur, H. E. i. 478: gen., útan sætta, Nj. 250, 255; útan allrar saurganar, K. Á. 104; útan orlofs, Jb. 285.

3. outside of; útan kirkjugarðs, N. G. L. i. 352; útan Paradísar, K. Á. 104; útan arkarinnar, Stj.; útan borðs, héraðs, brautar, see B.

4. fyrir útan, outside, off, beyond, with acc.; fyrir útan boðan, Nj. 124; fyrir útan Mön, 271; fyrir útan Þjórsá, Landn. 299, Fms. x. 114; fyrir útan haf, Ver. 39; bar vápna-burð fyrir útan þat skip, Fms. vii. 232; fyrir útan rekkju hennar, Grág. i. 371; vera fyrir útan bardaga, Fms. vi. 137; fyrir útan silfr, gull, except, Grág. i. 397; Sks. 258, Fms. xi. 394, x. 403; fyrir útan leyfi, Sks. 548; fyrir útan allar flærðir, 358; fyrir smala-för útan, except, Grág. i. 147; fyrir þat útan, 139; þar fyrir útan (Dan. desforuden), Fms. iii. 44: as adverb, svá at af gengu nafarnar fyrir útan, Eb. 118; þá menn er land eigu fyrir útan, Grág. (Kb.) ii. 80.

B. In COMPDS, prefixed to gen.: útan-borðs, [Dan. udenbords], overboard, Sturl. i. 118, Fms. vii. 202, v. l. útan-borgar, out of town, Mar., Blas. 50, Fms. xi. 160. útan-bókar, without book; kunna, læra ú., by rote. útan-brautar, out of the way, left in the cold, Bs. i. 728, MS. 625. 189. útan-bæjar, outside the town, Arons S. (Bs. i. 517). útan-fjarðar, outside the firth, Vm. 165, N. G. L. i. 174. útan-fjórðungs, outside the quarter, Grág. i. 165: útanfjórðungs-maðr, m. a person living outside the quarter, Grág. i. 96. útan-fótar (opp. to innan-fótar), on the outside of the foot (leg), Nj. 97, Fas. iii. 357. útan-garða, outside the yard (house), Grág. ii. 222, 233, Fsm. 1. útan-garðs, outside the fence, Grág. i. 82, 448, ii. 263, N. G. L. i. 42: outside the farm, Ám. 6, 26. útan-gátta, out-of-doors, Stj. 436. útan-hafnarfat, an outer cloth. útan.-hafs, beyond the sea, Stj. 93. útan-héraðs, outside the district, Js. 92: útanhéraðs-maðr (- strákr), m. a man not belonging to the county, Ld. 228, 272, Bs. i. 627. útan-hrepps, outside the Rape, Grág. i. 293, 447: útanhrepps-maðr, m. an outsitter, Grág. i. 448, K. Þ. K. útan-lands and útan-lendis, abroad, Eg. 185, 195, 691, Hkr. ii. 114, Fms. iii. 118, vi. 233, vii. 121: útanlands-maðr, m. a foreigner, Grág. i. 224, ii. 405: útanlands-siðir, m. pl. outlandish, foreign manners, Fms. vii. 171. útan-lærs, outside the thigh, Eg. 298. útan-sóknar, out of the parish, N. G. L.: útansóknar-maðr, m. a man not of the parish, H. E. i. 483. útan-stafs, outside the border; eignir þær er ú. eru kallaðar ok í almenningum eru, N. G. L. i. 125. útan-steins, outside the stone, Fas. i. 514. útan-sveitar, out of the sveit: útansveitar-maðr, m. an alien to the sveit, Fs. útan-þinga, outside the parish, Pm. 47. útan-þings, outside the þing (the place), N. G. L. i. 63: útanþings-maðr, m. a man of another district, Grág. i. 85.

1. (занасям) take, carry, ( за превозно средство) take, drive

2. take/carry away

(за вода) bear/carry away/off

(за вълни и) wash away, ( за течение) drift, ( от палуба на кораб-за вълна) sweep/wash overboard

(за вятър) blow/carry away, whiffle

(покрив-за вятъра) blow off

(за болест) carry off

отнасям бързо whip/whisk off

(задигам) carry off/away, walk off with, make off/away with, filch, pinch

отнасям на носилка carry off on a stretcher

отнасям посеви wash away crops

отнасям мост sweep away a bridge

бивам отнесен от вълните drift out to sea

3. прен. refer, relate, assign (to)

отнасям въпрос до refer a question/matter to

отнасям (въпрос) за разрешение remit (to)

отнасям въпрос до съда bring a case to court

отнасям към дадена категория assign to a category

отнасям към даден вид биол, relate to a species

отнасям боя get a licking

отнасям ce

4. (обръщам се) apply, address o.s. ( към to)

действувам, без да се отнасям до act without reference to

5. (свързан съм) have to do (with), apply, refer (to); concern

(спадам) belong, pertain, be related ( към to)

отнасям се до/за have a bearing on, be relative/relevant to, have to do with; involve

отнасям се пряко до have a direct bearing on

не се отнасям до/за have no reference to

това се отнася за тебе that applies to/concerns you, that is meant for you

това не се отнася до мене that has nothing to do with me; that does not concern me

същото се отнася и до the same holds true (in respect) of

колкото се отнася до in regard to, with respect to, as far as... is concerned

за какво се отнася? what is it (all) about?

който (не) се отнася до (ir)relevant to

6. (имам дадено отношение към, държа се с) treat, behave to (wards)

отнасям се критично/скептично/обек-тивно/с недоверие/с презрение към be critical/sceptical/objective/distrustful/contemptuous of

отнасям се несериозно към make light of

отнасям се добре с treat (s.o.) well/kindly

be nice to (s.o.)

отнасям се зле с treat (s.o.) badly, be unfriendly, use ill

отнасям се справедливо с be fair to, do justice to

отнасям се със съчувствие към be in sympathy with, sympathize with

отнасям се с доверие към repose/put o.'s trust in

отнасям се строго към treat severely, be severe in o.'s treatment of

отнасям се грубо към treat roughly, ( малтретирам) manhandle, pull about

отнасям се снизходително към treat condescendingly, patronize

отнасям се с пренебрежение към run down

отнасям се с някого като с равен/с приятел treat s.o. as an equal/like a friend

умея да се отнасям с деца н пр. have a way with children etc.

отнасяй се с хората, така, както искаш да се отнасят с тебе do as you would be done by

се отнася към - 2 се отнася към 3 както 4 към 6 - 2 is to 3 as 4 is to 6

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bear off; bring away; carry away; drift (за река); refer (прен.); relate (към категория); sweep away (за вълни)

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- pełne a. otwarte morze the high a. open sea

- burza na morzu a storm at sea

- cisza na morzu a calm sea, calm at sea

- odpływ/przypływ morza low tide a. water/high tide a. water, an outgoing tide/an incoming tide

- wiatr od morza an onshore wind, a wind off the sea

- wojna na morzu naval warfare

- miejscowości (leżące) nad morzem towns by a. on the sea

- willa nad morzem a seaside villa

- urwiska/wydmy nad morzem coastal a. sea cliffs/dunes

- pokój z widokiem na morze a room with a sea view a. view of the sea

- jechać nad morze to go to the seaside a. coast

- spędzać urlop nad morzem to spend one’s holidays at the seaside

- wypłynąć w morze to put (out) a. go to sea

- ten kraj nie ma dostępu do morza the country is landlocked a. has no coastline

- morze głów/kwiatów a sea of faces/flowers

- morze łez oceans a. an ocean of tears

- on może wypić morze kawy he can drink gallons of coffee

- □ morze epikontynentalne epicontinental sea

- morze przybrzeżne neritic sea

- morze terytorialne territorial waters

- morze zamknięte (łączące się z oceanem) inland sea; (otoczone lądem) landlocked sea

■ kropla w morzu (potrzeb) pot. a drop in the ocean a. in a bucket

- za (siódmym) morzem a. za (siedmioma) morzami książk. beyond the seven seas

mixed-up, entangled, muddled; con-fused, put out. perplexed, confounded, flustered; in a fog, at a stand; muddy, muddle-headed, mazy

объркан вид a bewildered air

объркан ум a woolly mind

объркан разказ a confused account, a jumbled story

объркан сън a troubled dream

съвсем съм объркан be all mixed-up, be in a maze

объркана глава muddlehead

объркано положение a confused/confusing/compticated situation

объркано чиле a wangled skein

всичко е объркано things are all in a muddle/all anyhow

объркани работи tangled affairs

объркана работа разг. mess

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объ̀ркан,

мин. страд. прич. (и като прил.) mixed-up, entangled, muddled; confused, put out, perplexed, confounded, foxed; distracted, flustered, snarly; in a fog, at a stand; muddy, muddle-headed, mazy, all at sea; fuzzy; addled; всичко е \объркано things are all in a muddle/all anyhow; животът ми е толкова \объркан! my life is such a mess! \объркан вид bewildered air; \объркан разказ confused account, jumbled story; \объркан сън troubled dream; \объркан ум woolly mind; \объркана глава muddlehead; \объркана работа разг. mess; \объркани работи tangled affairs; \объркано положение confused/confusing/complicated situation; съвсем съм \объркан be all mixed-up, be in a maze.

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confused: Your story is too объркан - Твоят разказ е доста объркан; complicated; distracted (за човек); chaotic{kei`Otik}; deranged; disconcerted; muddy{`mXdi}; muzzy{`mXzi}; perplexed (за въпрос); unmethodical

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ð, also spelt görva, giörva, geyra, giora, gera: prop. gøra, not gra (the ø was sounded nearly as y or ey), so that the g is to be sounded as an aspirate, however the word is spelt; and the insertion of i or j (giöra, gjöra), which is usual in mod. writing, and often occurs in old, is phonetic, not radical, and göra and gjöra represent the same sound. The word in the oldest form had a characteristic v, and is spelt so on the Runic stones in the frequent Runic phrase, gaurva kubl, Baut., and Danske Runemind. passim; but also now and then in old Icel. MSS., e. g. the Kb. of Sæm. (cited from Bugge’s Edit.), gorva, Am. 75, Skv. 1. 34, 3. 20, Hm. 123, Og. 29; gerva, Am. 64, Bkv. 3; giorva, Rm. 9; giorfa, 28; gorvir, Hkv. Hjörv. 41; gørvom, Hým. 6; gorviz, Am. 35; gerviz, Merl. 2. 89:—this characteristic v has since been dropped, and it is usually spelt without it in MSS., gora, Hým. 1, Og. 23, Ls. 65; gera, Am. 85; gorir, Hm. 114: the pret. always drops the v, gorþi, Hym. 21; gorðo or gorþo, fecerunt, Hm. 142, Am. 9; gorðumz, Hðm. 28; gerþi, Am. 74; gerþit, 26:—with i inserted, Rm. 9, 22; giordu, 11; in the Mork. freq. giavra. The ö is still sounded in the east of Icel., whereas gera is the common form in speech, gjöra in writing:—the old pres. indic. used by the poets and in the laws is monosyllabic görr, with suffixed negative, görr-a, Hkr. i. (in a verse); mod. bisyllabic görir, which form is also the usual one in the Sagas:—the old part. pass. was görr or gerr, geyrr, Fms. ix. 498, x. 75, where the v was kept before a vowel, and is often spelt with f, gorvan, gorvir, and gorfan, gorfir: dat. so-goro or so-guru adverbially = sic facto: the mod. part. gjörðr, gerðr, görðr, as a regular part. of the 2nd weak conjugation, which form occurs in MSS. of the 15th century, e. g. Bs. i. 877, l. 21. [This is a Scandin. word; Dan. gjöre; Swed. göra; Old Engl. and Scot. gar, which is no doubt of Scandin. origin, the Saxon word being do, the Germ. thun, neither of which is used in the Scandin.; the word however is not unknown to the Teut., though used in a different sense; A. S. gervan and gearvjan = parare; O. H. G. karwan; Germ. gerben, garben, but esp. the adj. and adv. gar, vide above s. v. gör-.] To make, to do; the Icel. includes both these senses.

A. To make:

I. to build, work, make, etc.; göra himin ok jörð, 623. 36, Hom. 100; göra hús, to build a house, Fms. xi. 4, Rb. 384; göra kirkju, Bjarn. 39; göra skip, N. G. L. i. 198; göra langskip, Eg. 44; göra stólpa, Al. 116; göra tól (= smíða), Vsp. 7; göra (fingr)-gull, Bs. i. 877; göra haug, to build a cairn, Eg. 399; göra lokhvílu, Dropl. 27; göra dys, Ld. 152; göra kistu ( coffin), Eg. 127; göra naust, N. G. L. i. 198; göra jarðhús, Dropl. 34; göra veggi, Eg. 724: also, göra bók, to write a book, Íb. 1, Rb. 384; göra kviðling, to make a song, Nj. 50; göra bréf, to draw up a deed ( letter), Fms. ix. 22; göra nýmæli, to frame a law, Íb. 17.

2. adding prep.; göra upp, to repair, rebuild, restore, Fb. ii. 370; göra upp Jórsala-borg, Ver. 43; göra upp skála, Ld. 298; göra upp leiði, to build up a grave.

II. to make, prepare, get ready; göra veizlu, drykkju, brúðkaup, erfi, and poët. öl, öldr, to make a feast, brew bridal ale, Fs. 23, Fms. xi. 156, Dropl. 6, Am. 86; göra seið, blót, to perform a sacrifice, Ld. 152; göra bú, to set up a house, Grág. i. 185, Ld. 68; göra eld, to make a fire, Fs. 100, K. Þ. K. 88; göra rekkju, to make one’s bed, Eg. 236; göra upp hvílur, Sturl. ii. 124; göra graut, to make porridge, Eg. 196, N. G. L. i. 349; göra drykk, to make a drink, Fms. i. 8; göra kol, or göra til kola, to make charcoal, Ölk. 35.

III. in somewhat metaph. phrases; göra ferð, to make a journey, Fms. x. 281; görði heiman för sína, he made a journey from home, Eg. 23; göra sinn veg, to make one’s way, travel, Mar.; göra uppreisn, to make an uprising, to rebel, Rb. 384, Fms. ix. 416; göra úfrið, to make war, 656 C. 15; göra sátt, göra frið, to make peace, Hom. 153, Bs. i. 24; göra féskipti, Nj. 118; göra tilskipan, to make an arrangement, Eg. 67; göra ráð sitt, to make up one’s mind, Nj. 267, Fms. ix. 21; göra hluti, to cast lots, Fms. x. 348.

2. to make, give, pay, yield; göra tíund, to pay tithes, Hom. 180; hann skal göra Guði tíunda hlut verðsins, id.; göra ölmusu, to give alms, 64; göra ávöxt, to yield fruit, Greg. 48; gefa né göra ávöxt, Stj. 43; göra konungi skatt eða skyld, Fms. xi. 225.

3. to contract; göra vináttu, félagskap, to contract friendship, Nj. 103, Eg. 29; göra skuld, to contract a debt, Grág. i. 126: göra ráð með e-m, to take counsel with, advise one, Eg. 12; göra ráð fyrir, to suppose, Nj. 103, Fms. ix. 10; göra mun e-s, to make a difference, i. 255, Eb. 106.

4. to make, make up, Lat. efficere; sex tigir penninga göra eyri, sixty pence make an ounce, Grág. i. 500, Rb. 458.

5. to grant, render; göra kost, to make a choice, to grant, Nj. 130, Dropl. 6, Fms. xi. 72, (usually ellipt., kostr being understood); vil ek at þér gerit kostinn, Nj. 3; ok megit þér fyrir því göra ( grant) honum kostinn, 49, 51; göra e-m lög, to grant the law to one, 237; göra guðsifjar, to make ‘gossip’ with one, to be one’s godfather, Fms. ii. 130.

6. special usages; göra spott, háð, gabb, … at e-u, to make sport, gibes, etc. at or over a thing, Fms. x. 124; göra iðran, to do penance, Greg. 22; göra þakkir, to give thanks, Hom. 55; göra róm at máli e-s, to cheer another’s speech, shout hear, hear! var görr at máli hans mikill rómr ok góðr, his speech was much cheered, Nj. 250,—a parliamentary term; the Teutons cheered, the Romans applauded (with the hands), cp. Tacit. Germ.

7. with prepp.; gera til, to make ready or dress meat; láta af ( to kill) ok göra til ( and dress), K. Þ. K. 80, Ísl. ii. 83, 331, Fs. 146, 149, Bjarn. 31, Finnb. 228; göra til nyt, to churn milk, K. Þ. K. 78; göra til sverð, to wash and clean the sword, Dropl. 19; máttu þeir eigi sjá, hversu Þorvaldr var til gerr, how Th. got a dressing, Nj. 19.

β. göra at e-u, to mend, make good, put right (at-görð), ek skal at því gera, Fms. xi. 153, Eg. 566, Nj. 130: to heal, Bárð. 171, Eg. 579, Grág. i. 220; göra at hesti, K. Þ. K. 54, Nj. 74: göra við e-u, vide B. II.

8. adding acc. of an adj., part., or the like; göra mun þat margan höfuðlausan, Nj. 203; göra mikit um sik, to make a great noise, great havoc, Fb. i. 545, Grett. 133, Fms. x. 329; göra e-n sáttan, to reconcile one, Grág. i. 336; göra sér e-n kæran, to make one dear to oneself, Hkr. i. 209; göra sik líkan e-m, to make oneself like to another, imitate one, Nj. 258; göra sik góðan, to make oneself good or useful, 74, 78; göra sik reiðan, to take offence, 216; göra sér dælt, to make oneself at home, take liberties, Ld. 134, Nj. 216; göra langmælt, to make a long speech, Sks. 316; göra skjót-kjörit, to make a quick choice, Fms. ii. 79; göra hólpinn, to ‘make holpen,’ to help, x. 314; göra lögtekit, to make a law, issue a law, xi. 213, Bs. i. 37; hann gerði hann hálshöggvinn, he had him beheaded, Fms. ix. 488, v. l.; ok görðu þá handtekna alla at minsta kosti, Sturl. i. 40; várir vöskustu ok beztu menn era görfir handteknir, 41.

β. göra sér mikit um e-t, to make much of, admire, Eg. 5, Fms. x. 254, 364; göra e-t at ágætum, to make famous, extol a thing, vii. 147; göra at orðum, to notice as remarkable, Fas. i. 123; göra at álitum, to take into consideration, Nj. 3; göra sér úgetið at e-u, to be displeased with, Ld. 134; göra vart við sik, to make one’s presence noticed, Eg. 79; göra sér mikit, lítið fyrir, to make great, small efforts, Finnb. 234; göra sér í hug, to brood over; hann gerði sér í hug at drepa jarl, Fs. 112; göra sér í hugar lund, to fancy, think: göra af sér, to exert oneself, ef þú gerir eigi meira af þér um aðra leika, Edda 32; hvárt hann var með Eiríki jarli, eðr görði hann annat af sér, or what else he was making of himself, Fms. xi. 157.

9. phrases, gera fáleika á sik, to feign, make oneself look sad, Nj. 14; esp. adding upp, gera sér upp veyki, to feign sickness, (upp-gerð, dissimulation); göra sér til, to make a fuss, (hence, til-gerð, foppishness.)