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  • 21 pull

    pull [pʊl]
    fait de tirer ⇒ 1 (a) traction ⇒ 1 (b) résistance ⇒ 1 (c) attrait ⇒ 1 (d) influence ⇒ 1 (e) tirer ⇒ 2 (a)-(c), 3 (a) traîner ⇒ 2 (a) arracher ⇒ 2 (d) se déchirer ⇒ 2 (e) réussir ⇒ 2 (f)
    1 noun
    (a) (tug, act of pulling)
    ∎ to give sth a pull, to give a pull on sth tirer (sur) qch;
    ∎ give it a hard or good pull! tirez fort!;
    ∎ give it one more pull tire encore un coup;
    ∎ we'll need a pull to get out of the mud nous aurons besoin que quelqu'un nous remorque ou nous prenne en remorque pour nous désembourber;
    ∎ with a pull the dog broke free le chien tira sur sa laisse et s'échappa;
    ∎ she felt a pull at or on her handbag elle a senti qu'on tirait sur son sac à main;
    (b) (physical force → of machine) traction f; (→ of sun, moon, magnet) (force f) d'attraction f;
    ∎ the winch applies a steady pull le treuil exerce une traction continue;
    ∎ the gravitational pull is stronger on Earth la gravitation est plus forte sur Terre;
    ∎ we fought against the pull of the current nous luttions contre le courant qui nous entraînait
    (c) (resistance → of bowstring) résistance f;
    ∎ adjust the trigger if the pull is too stiff for you réglez la détente si elle est trop dure pour vous
    (d) (psychological, emotional attraction) attrait m;
    ∎ the pull of city life l'attrait m de la vie en ville;
    ∎ he resisted the pull of family tradition and went his own way il a résisté à l'influence de la tradition familiale pour suivre son propre chemin
    (e) familiar (influence, power) influence□ f, piston m;
    ∎ to have a lot of pull avoir le bras long;
    ∎ he has a lot of pull with the Prime Minister il a beaucoup d'influence sur le Premier ministre;
    ∎ his money gives him a certain political pull son argent lui confère une certaine influence ou un certain pouvoir politique;
    ∎ his father's pull got him in son père l'a pistonné
    ∎ it'll be a long pull to the summit la montée sera longue (et difficile) pour atteindre le sommet;
    ∎ it will be a hard pull upstream il faudra ramer dur pour remonter le courant;
    ∎ it's going to be a long uphill pull to make the firm profitable ça sera difficile de remettre l'entreprise à flot
    (g) (in rowing → stroke) coup m de rame ou d'aviron;
    ∎ with another pull he was clear of the rock d'un autre coup de rame, il évita le rocher
    (h) (at cigar) bouffée f; (at drink, bottle) gorgée f;
    ∎ to take a pull at or on one's beer boire ou prendre une gorgée de bière;
    ∎ to take a pull at or on one's cigarette/pipe tirer sur sa cigarette/pipe
    (i) (usu in cpds) (knob, handle) poignée f; (cord) cordon m; (strap) sangle f
    (j) (snag → in sweater) accroc m;
    ∎ my cardigan has a pull in it j'ai fait un accroc à mon cardigan
    (k) Typography épreuve f
    ∎ to be on the pull (man) chercher à lever une nana; (woman) chercher à lever un mec
    (a) (object → yank, tug) tirer; (→ drag) traîner; (person) tirer, entraîner;
    ∎ she pulled my hair elle m'a tiré les cheveux;
    ∎ to pull the blinds baisser les stores;
    ∎ to pull the British curtains or
    ∎ American drapes tirer ou fermer les rideaux;
    ∎ we pulled the heavy log across to the fire nous avons traîné la lourde bûche jusqu'au feu;
    ∎ pull the lamp towards you tirez la lampe vers vous;
    ∎ he pulled his chair closer to the fire il approcha sa chaise de la cheminée;
    ∎ she pulled the hood over her face elle abaissa le capuchon sur son visage;
    ∎ he pulled his hat over his eyes il enfonça ou rabattit son chapeau sur ses yeux;
    ∎ he pulled the steering wheel to the right il a donné un coup de volant à droite;
    ∎ to pull a drawer open ouvrir un tiroir;
    ∎ she came in and pulled the door shut behind her elle entra et ferma la porte derrière elle;
    ∎ pull the rope taut tendez la corde;
    ∎ pull the knot tight serrez le nœud;
    ∎ pull the tablecloth straight tendez la nappe;
    ∎ he pulled the wrapping from the package il arracha l'emballage du paquet;
    ∎ he pulled the sheets off the bed il enleva les draps du lit;
    ∎ she pulled her hand from mine elle retira (brusquement) sa main de la mienne;
    ∎ she pulled the box from his hands elle lui a arraché la boîte des mains;
    ∎ he was pulling her towards the exit il l'entraînait vers la sortie;
    ∎ he pulled her closer (to him) il l'a attirée plus près de lui;
    ∎ the current pulled us into the middle of the river le courant nous a entraînés au milieu de la rivière;
    ∎ he pulled himself onto the riverbank il se hissa sur la berge;
    ∎ figurative the sound of the doorbell pulled him out of his daydream le coup de sonnette l'a tiré de ou arraché à ses rêveries;
    ∎ figurative he was pulled off the first team on l'a écarté ou exclu de la première équipe;
    ∎ British familiar pull the other one (it's got bells on)! mon œil!, à d'autres!;
    ∎ to pull to bits or pieces (toy, appliance) démolir, mettre en morceaux; (book, flower) déchirer; figurative (book, play, person) démolir
    (b) (operate → lever, handle) tirer;
    ∎ pull the trigger appuyez ou pressez sur la détente
    (c) (tow, draw → load, trailer, carriage, boat) tirer, remorquer;
    ∎ carts pulled by mules des charrettes tirées par des mules;
    ∎ a suitcase with wheels that you pull behind you une valise à roulettes qu'on tire ou traîne derrière soi;
    ∎ the barges were pulled along the canals les péniches étaient halées le long des canaux
    (d) (take out → tooth) arracher, extraire; (→ weeds) arracher; (→ weapon) tirer, sortir;
    ∎ he pulled a dollar bill from his wad/wallet il a tiré un billet d'un dollar de sa liasse/sorti un billet d'un dollar de son portefeuille;
    ∎ he pulled a gun on me il a braqué un revolver sur moi;
    ∎ to pull a cork déboucher une bouteille;
    ∎ to have a tooth pulled se faire arracher une dent;
    ∎ it was like pulling teeth c'était pénible comme tout;
    ∎ getting him to talk is like pulling teeth! il faut lui arracher les mots de la bouche!;
    ∎ familiar can you pull that file for me? pourriez-vous me sortir ce dossier?□
    (e) (strain → muscle, tendon) se déchirer;
    ∎ she pulled a muscle elle s'est déchiré un muscle, elle s'est fait un claquage;
    ∎ a pulled muscle un claquage;
    ∎ my shoulder feels as if I've pulled something j'ai l'impression que je me suis froissé un muscle de l'épaule
    (f) familiar (bring off) réussir□ ;
    ∎ she has pulled several daring financial coups elle a réussi plusieurs opérations financières audacieuses;
    ∎ he pulled a big bank job in Italy il a réussi un hold-up de première dans une banque italienne;
    ∎ to pull a trick on sb jouer un tour à qn□ ;
    ∎ what are you trying to pull? qu'est-ce que tu es en train de combiner ou manigancer?□ ;
    ∎ don't try and pull anything! n'essayez pas de jouer au plus malin!;
    ∎ don't ever pull a stunt like that again ne me/nous/ etc refais jamais un tour comme ça□ ;
    ∎ to pull a fast one on sb avoir qn, rouler qn;
    ∎ American I pulled an all-nighter j'ai bossé toute la nuit
    ∎ to pull a horse retenir un cheval;
    ∎ also figurative to pull one's punches retenir ses coups, ménager son adversaire;
    ∎ figurative she didn't pull any punches elle n'y est pas allée de main morte
    (h) (in golf, tennis → ball) puller;
    ∎ to pull a shot puller
    (i) (in rowing → boat) faire avancer à la rame;
    ∎ he pulls a good oar c'est un bon rameur;
    ∎ the boat pulls eight oars c'est un bateau à huit avirons
    (k) Computing extraire
    (l) (gut → fowl) vider
    (m) familiar (withdraw) retirer□ ;
    ∎ people complained and they had to pull the commercial ils ont dû retirer la pub suite à des plaintes
    (n) familiar (attract → customers, spectators) attirer□ ;
    ∎ the festival pulled a big crowd le festival a attiré beaucoup de monde;
    ∎ how many votes will he pull? combien de voix va-t-il récolter?□
    (o) British (serve → draught beer) tirer;
    ∎ he pulls pints at the Crown il est barman au Crown
    (p) familiar (sexual partner) lever, emballer
    (a) (exert force, tug) tirer;
    ∎ pull harder! tirez plus fort!;
    ∎ to pull on or at a rope tirer sur un cordage;
    ∎ the bandage may pull when I take it off le pansement risque de vous tirer la peau quand je l'enlèverai;
    ∎ the steering pulls to the right la direction tire à droite;
    ∎ Cars the 2-litre model pulls very well le modèle 2 litres a de bonnes reprises;
    ∎ figurative they're pulling in different directions ils tirent à hue et à dia
    (b) (rope, cord)
    ∎ the rope pulled easily la corde filait librement
    (c) (go, move)
    ∎ pull into the space next to the Mercedes mettez-vous ou garez-vous à côté de la Mercedes;
    ∎ he pulled into the right-hand lane il a pris la file de droite;
    ∎ pull into the garage entrez dans le garage;
    ∎ when the train pulls out of the station quand le train quitte la gare;
    ∎ she pulled clear of the pack elle s'est détachée du peloton;
    ∎ he pulled clear of the traffic and sped on il est sorti du flot de la circulation et a accéléré;
    ∎ he pulled sharply to the left il a viré brutalement sur la gauche;
    ∎ the lorry pulled slowly up the hill le camion gravissait lentement la côte
    (d) (strain, labour → vehicle) peiner; (→ horse) tirer sur le mors;
    ∎ the engine's pulling le moteur fatigue ou peine
    (e) familiar (exert influence, give support)
    ∎ the head of personnel is pulling for you or on your behalf vous avez le chef du personnel derrière vous□
    (f) (snag → sweater) filer;
    ∎ my sweater's pulled in a couple of places mon pull a plusieurs mailles filées
    (g) (row) ramer;
    ∎ to pull for shore ramer vers la côte;
    ∎ to pull with a long stroke ramer à grands coups d'aviron
    ∎ did you pull last night? t'as levé une nana/un mec hier soir?
    ►► American pull date date f limite de vente;
    Marketing pull strategy stratégie f pull;
    pull tab (on can) anneau m, bague f
    (handle roughly → person) malmener; (→ object) tirer dans tous les sens, tirailler;
    ∎ stop pulling me about! mais lâche-moi donc!
    prendre de l'avance;
    ∎ to pull ahead of sb prendre de l'avance sur qn
    (load, vehicle) tirer; (person) entraîner;
    ∎ he was pulling the suitcase along by the strap il tirait la valise derrière lui par la sangle;
    ∎ she pulled me along by my arm elle m'entraînait en me tirant par le bras
    (a) (take to pieces → machine, furniture) démonter;
    ∎ now you've pulled it all apart, are you sure you can fix it? maintenant que tu as tout démonté, es-tu sûr de pouvoir le réparer?
    (b) (destroy, break → object) mettre en morceaux ou en pièces; (→ clothing) déchirer; (body, flesh) déchiqueter;
    ∎ the wreck was pulled apart by the waves les vagues ont disloqué l'épave;
    ∎ tell him where it's hidden or he'll pull the place apart dites-lui où c'est (caché) sinon il va tout saccager
    (c) (criticize → essay, performance, theory) démolir; (→ person) éreinter
    (d) (separate → fighters, dogs) séparer; (→ papers) détacher, séparer
    (e) (make suffer) déchirer
    (furniture) se démonter, être démontable;
    ∎ the shelves simply pull apart les étagères se démontent sans outils
    (a) (cart, toy, suitcase) tirer derrière soi
    (b) (make turn) tourner, faire pivoter;
    ∎ he pulled the horse around il fit faire demi-tour à son cheval
    (a) (strain at, tug at) tirer sur;
    ∎ the dog pulled at the leash le chien tira sur la laisse;
    ∎ we pulled at the rope nous avons tiré sur la corde;
    ∎ I pulled at his sleeve je l'ai tiré par la manche;
    ∎ each pulled at an oar chacun tirait sur un aviron;
    ∎ the wind pulled at her hair le vent faisait voler ses cheveux
    (b) (suck → pipe, cigar) tirer sur;
    ∎ (→ bottle) he pulled at his bottle of beer il a bu une gorgée de bière
    (withdraw → covering, hand) retirer; (grab) arracher;
    ∎ she pulled her hand away elle retira ou ôta sa main;
    ∎ he pulled me away from the window il m'éloigna de la fenêtre;
    ∎ she pulled the book away from him elle lui arracha le livre
    (a) (withdraw → person) s'écarter;
    ∎ I put out my hand but she pulled away j'ai tendu la main vers elle mais elle s'est détournée;
    ∎ he had me by the arm but I managed to pull away il me tenait par le bras mais j'ai réussi à me dégager
    (b) (move off → vehicle, ship) démarrer; (→ train, convoy) s'ébranler;
    ∎ the boat pulled away from the bank le bateau quitta la rive;
    ∎ the train pulled away from the station le train a quitté la gare;
    ∎ as the train began to pull away alors que le train s'ébranlait
    (c) (get ahead → runner, competitor) prendre de l'avance;
    ∎ she's pulling away from the pack elle prend de l'avance sur le peloton, elle se détache du peloton
    ∎ he pulled his hand back il retira ou ôta sa main;
    ∎ she pulled back the curtains elle ouvrit les rideaux;
    ∎ pull the lever back tirez le levier (vers l'arrière);
    ∎ he pulled me back from the railing il m'a éloigné de la barrière;
    ∎ to pull sb/a company back from the brink faire refaire surface à qn/une entreprise, tirer qn/une entreprise d'affaire
    (b) (withdraw → troops) retirer
    (a) (withdraw → troops, participant) se retirer;
    ∎ it's too late to pull back now il est trop tard pour se retirer ou pour faire marche arrière maintenant;
    ∎ they pulled back from committing themselves fully ils ont renoncé à s'engager complètement
    ∎ to pull back involuntarily avoir un mouvement de recul involontaire
    (c) (jib → horse, person) regimber
    (a) (lower → lever, handle) tirer (vers le bas); (→ trousers, veil) baisser; (→ suitcase, book) descendre; (→ blind, window) baisser;
    ∎ pull the blind/the window down baissez le store/la vitre;
    ∎ with his hat pulled down over his eyes son chapeau rabattu sur les yeux;
    ∎ she pulled her skirt down over her knees elle ramena sa jupe sur ses genoux;
    ∎ I pulled him down onto the chair je l'ai fait asseoir sur la chaise;
    ∎ he's pulling the whole team down il fait baisser le niveau de toute l'équipe;
    ∎ my marks in the oral exam will pull me down mes notes à l'oral vont baisser ou descendre ma moyenne
    (b) (demolish → house, wall) démolir, abattre;
    ∎ they're pulling down the whole neighbourhood ils démolissent tout le quartier;
    ∎ figurative it'll pull down the government ça va renverser le gouvernement
    (c) familiar (weaken → of illness) affaiblir□, abattre□ ; (depress) déprimer□, abattre□
    (d) American familiar (earn) gagner□, se faire
    (e) Computing (menu) dérouler
    (blind) descendre
    ➲ pull in
    (a) (line, fishing net) ramener;
    ∎ they pulled the rope in ils tirèrent la corde à eux;
    ∎ to pull sb in (into building, car) tirer qn à l'intérieur, faire entrer qn; (into water) faire tomber qn à l'eau
    (b) (stomach) rentrer;
    ∎ to pull oneself in rentrer son ventre
    (c) (attract → customers, investors, investment) attirer;
    ∎ the show's really pulling them in le spectacle attire les foules
    (d) familiar (earn → of person) gagner□, se faire; (→ of business) rapporter□
    (e) familiar (arrest) arrêter□, embarquer;
    ∎ they pulled him in for questioning ils l'ont arrêté pour l'interroger
    (f) (stop → horse) retenir, tirer les rênes de;
    ∎ to pull one's car in to the kerb se ranger près du trottoir;
    ∎ to be pulled in for speeding être arrêté pour excès de vitesse
    (vehicle, driver → stop) s'arrêter; (→ park) se garer; (→ move to side of road) se rabattre; (arrive → train) entrer en gare;
    ∎ I pulled in for petrol je me suis arrêté pour prendre de l'essence;
    ∎ the car in front pulled in to let me past la voiture devant moi s'est rabattue pour me laisser passer;
    ∎ pull in here arrête-toi là;
    ∎ to pull in to the kerb se ranger près du trottoir;
    ∎ the express pulled in two hours late l'express est arrivé avec deux heures de retard
    (a) (clothes, boots, ring) enlever, retirer; (cover, bandage, knob, wrapping) enlever; (page from calendar, sticky backing) détacher;
    ∎ to pull the sheets off the bed retirer ou enlever les draps du lit;
    ∎ I pulled her hat off je lui ai enlevé son chapeau; (more violently) je lui ai arraché son chapeau
    (b) familiar (accomplish → deal, stratagem, mission, shot) réussir□ ; (→ press conference, negotiations) mener à bien□ ; (→ plan) réaliser□ ; (→ prize) décrocher, gagner□ ;
    ∎ the deal will be difficult to pull off cette affaire ne sera pas facile à négocier;
    ∎ will she (manage to) pull it off? est-ce qu'elle va y arriver?;
    ∎ he pulled it off il a réussi
    ∎ to pull sb off branler qn;
    ∎ to pull oneself off se branler
    (a) (move off) démarrer; (after halt) redémarrer
    (b) (stop) s'arrêter; (leave main road) quitter la route;
    ∎ he pulled off onto a side road il bifurqua sur une petite route;
    ∎ there's no place to pull off il n'y a pas de place pour s'arrêter
    ∎ the lid simply pulls off il suffit de tirer pour enlever le couvercle;
    ∎ the top pulls off to reveal… le dessus se retire et on peut voir…
    ➲ pull on
    (clothes, boots, pillow slip) mettre, enfiler
    (a) (tug at → rope, handle etc) tirer sur
    (b) (draw on → cigarette, pipe) tirer sur
    (a) (remove → tooth, hair, weeds) arracher; (→ splinter, nail) enlever; (→ plug, cork) ôter, enlever; (produce → wallet, weapon) sortir, tirer;
    ∎ she pulled a map out of her bag elle a sorti une carte de son sac;
    ∎ he pulled a page out of his notebook il a déchiré une feuille de son carnet;
    ∎ pull the paper gently out of the printer retirez doucement le papier de l'imprimante;
    ∎ to pull a nail out of a plank arracher un clou d'une planche;
    ∎ the tractor pulled us out of the mud/ditch le tracteur nous a sortis de la boue/du fossé;
    ∎ to pull the country out of recession (faire) sortir le pays de la récession;
    ∎ to pull sb out of a tight spot tirer qn d'un mauvais pas;
    ∎ familiar to pull out all the stops (to do sth) faire le maximum (pour faire qch)
    (b) (draw towards one → drawer, leaf of table, shelf) tirer; (unfold) déplier;
    ∎ pull the bed out from the wall écartez le lit du mur;
    ∎ he pulled a chair out from under the table il a écarté une chaise de la table
    (c) (withdraw → troops, contestant) retirer;
    ∎ the battalion was pulled out of the border area le bataillon a été retiré de la région frontalière;
    ∎ he threatened to pull the party out of the coalition il menaça de retirer le parti de la coalition
    (d) Computing (select, produce → data) sortir
    (a) (withdraw → troops, ally, participant) se retirer; (→ company from project, buyer) se désister; (→ company from place) quitter une/la région/ville/ etc;
    ∎ when they pulled out of Vietnam quand ils se sont retirés du Viêt-nam;
    ∎ she's pulling out of the election elle retire sa candidature;
    ∎ they've pulled out of the deal ils se sont retirés de l'affaire
    (b) (move off → car, ship) démarrer; (→ train, convoy) s'ébranler; (move out to overtake) déboîter;
    ∎ she was pulling out of the garage elle sortait du garage;
    ∎ he pulled out to overtake il a déboîté pour doubler;
    ∎ a truck suddenly pulled out in front of me soudain, un camion m'a coupé la route;
    ∎ to pull out into traffic s'engager dans la circulation;
    ∎ Aviation to pull out of a dive sortir d'un piqué, se rétablir
    ∎ to pull out of a recession/a crisis sortir de la récession/d'une crise
    (d) (be extendible or detachable → drawer) s'ouvrir; (→ handle) s'allonger; (→ map) se déplier;
    ∎ the sofa pulls out into a bed le canapé se transforme en lit;
    ∎ the shelves pull out on peut retirer les étagères;
    ∎ the table top pulls out c'est une table à rallonges
    ∎ pull the chair over to the window amenez la chaise près de la fenêtre;
    ∎ she pulled the dish over and helped herself elle a tiré le plat vers ou à elle et s'est servie
    (b) (make fall → pile, person, table) faire tomber, renverser;
    ∎ watch out you don't pull that lamp over fais attention de ne pas faire tomber cette lampe
    (c) (usu passive) (stop → vehicle, driver) arrêter;
    ∎ I got pulled over for speeding je me suis fait arrêter pour excès de vitesse
    (vehicle, driver → stop) s'arrêter; (→ move to side of road) se ranger, se rabattre;
    ∎ pull over and let the fire engine past rangez-vous ou rabattez-vous sur le côté et laissez passer les pompiers
    (b) (revive) ranimer;
    ∎ a drop of brandy will pull her round un peu de cognac la remettra ou remontera
    (regain consciousness) revenir à soi, reprendre connaissance; (recover) se remettre
    (a) (draw through → rope, thread) faire passer;
    ∎ pull the needle through to the other side faites sortir l'aiguille de l'autre côté
    (b) (help survive or surmount) tirer d'affaire;
    ∎ he says his faith pulled him through il dit que c'est sa foi qui lui a permis de s'en sortir
    (recover) s'en sortir, s'en tirer
    (shut → door, gate) fermer
    (a) (place together, join) joindre
    (b) (organize → demonstration, rescue team) organiser; (prepare) préparer;
    ∎ I've pulled together a few suggestions j'ai préparé ou noté quelques propositions
    (c) to pull oneself together se reprendre, se ressaisir;
    ∎ pull yourself together! ressaisissez-vous!, ne vous laissez pas aller!
    (a) (on rope) tirer ensemble; (on oars) ramer à l'unisson;
    ∎ pull together! (in rowing) avant partout!
    (b) (combine efforts, cooperate) concentrer ses efforts, agir de concert;
    ∎ we've all got to pull together on this one il faut que nous nous y mettions tous ensemble, il faut que nous nous attelions tous ensemble à la tâche
    ➲ pull up
    (a) (draw upwards → trousers, sleeve, blanket, lever) remonter; (→ blind) hausser, lever; (→ skirt) retrousser, relever; (hoist oneself) hisser;
    ∎ they pulled the boat up onto the beach ils ont tiré le bateau sur la plage;
    ∎ she pulled herself up onto the ledge elle s'est hissée sur le rebord;
    ∎ to pull one's socks up tirer ou remonter ses chaussettes; familiar figurative se remuer, s'activer
    (b) (move closer → chair) approcher;
    ∎ I pulled a chair up to the desk j'ai approché une chaise du bureau;
    ∎ why don't you pull up a chair and join us? prenez donc une chaise et joignez-vous à nous!;
    ∎ he pulled the crate up to the scales il a traîné la caisse jusqu'à la balance
    (c) (uproot → weeds) arracher; (→ bush, stump, tree) arracher, déraciner; (rip up → floorboards) arracher
    (d) (stop → person, vehicle, horse) arrêter; (check → person) retenir;
    ∎ to be pulled up (by the police) se faire arrêter (par un agent);
    ∎ his warning pulled me up short je me suis arrêté net lorsqu'il m'a crié de faire attention;
    ∎ he was about to tell them everything but I pulled him up (short) il était sur le point de tout leur dire mais je lui ai coupé la parole
    (e) familiar (improve → score, mark) améliorer□ ; (→ average) remonter□ ;
    ∎ his good marks in maths pulled him up again ses bonnes notes en maths ont remonté sa moyenne
    (f) British familiar (rebuke) réprimander□, enguirlander;
    ∎ he was pulled up for being late il s'est fait enguirlander pour être arrivé en retard;
    ∎ if your work is sloppy, they'll pull you up on it si ton travail est bâclé, tu vas te faire taper sur les doigts
    (a) (stop) s'arrêter;
    ∎ as I was pulling up at the red light alors que j'allais m'arrêter au feu rouge;
    ∎ pull up at or outside the main entrance arrêtez-vous devant l'entrée principale;
    ∎ to pull up short s'arrêter net ou brusquement
    (b) familiar (ease up) se détendre□, se relâcher□
    (c) (draw even) rattraper;
    ∎ to pull up with sb rattraper qn;
    ∎ Sun Boy is pulling up on the outside! Sun Boy remonte à l'extérieur!
    (d) (improve → student, athlete, performance) s'améliorer

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > pull

  • 22 DRAGA

    * * *
    I)
    (dreg; dró, drógum; dreginn), v.
    1) to draw, drag, pull;
    draga heim viðinn, to drag the logs home;
    draga árar, to pull the oars;
    absol., drógu þeir skjótt eptir, they soon pulled up to them;
    draga boga, to draw the bow;
    draga segl, to hoist sails (= draga upp segl);
    draga fisk, to catch, pull up fish with a line;
    draga kvernstein, to turn the millstone, to grind;
    2) to draw, inhale (draga úþefjan með nösum);
    draga nasir af e-u, to smell a thing;
    draga öndina, to breathe, live;
    3) to procure, earn, gain (þegar hann hafði fé dregit sem hann vildi);
    draga e-m e-t, to procure (or get) one a thing (eigi sögðust þeir vita, at hann drœgi Haraldi ríki);
    4) to employ as a measure (draga kvarða við viðmál);
    5) to prolong protract (dvalir þessar drógu tímann);
    6) to delay, put off, defer;
    vil ek þessi svör ekki láta draga fyrir mér lengi, I will not wait long for these answers;
    hann dró um þat engan hlut, he made no subterfuge;
    7) to delineate, draw a picture (var dregit á skjöldinn leo með gulli);
    í þann tíma sem hann dregr klæðaföllin (the folds);
    8) to trim or line garments (treyjan var dregin útan ok innan við rauða silki);
    with dat., hjálmr hans var dreginn leiri (overlaid with clay), er áðr var (dreginn) gulli;
    9) intrans to move, draw;
    drógu þeir þeim svá nær (came so near to them), at;
    10) with preps.:
    draga föt, skóklædi af e-m, to pull off one’s clothes, shoes;
    draga hring af hendi sér, to take off a ring from one’s hand;
    dró hann þá grunninu, he pulled them off the shallow;
    draga e-t af e-u, to draw, derive from a source;
    draga e-t af, to take off (Þ. hafði látit af draga brúna);
    draga e-t af við e-n, to keep back, withhold, from one;
    man héðan af eigi af dregit við oss, henceforth we shall no be neglected, stinted;
    Egill dró at sér skipit, E. pulled the ship close up to himself;
    draga vél at e-m, to draw wiles around one;
    draga spott, skaup, at e-u, to hold a thing up to ridicule;
    draga at lið, föng, to collect troops, stores;
    dró at honum sóttin, the illness drew closer to him, he grew worse;
    impers., dró at mætti hans, dró at um matt hans, his strength declined (fell off);
    til þess er dró at degi, till the day drew near;
    þá er dregr at jólum, when Yule drew near;
    dró at því (the time drew near). at hann væri banvænn;
    tók þá at draga fast at heyjum hans, his stock of hay was rapidly diminishing;
    svá dregr at mér af elli, svengd, þorsta, I am so overcome by old age, hunger, thirst;
    nú þykki mér sem fast dragi at þér, that thou art sinking fast;
    draga hring á hönd sér, to put a ring on one’s hand;
    draga (grun) á e-t, to suspect;
    draga á vetr, to rear through the winter (Hrafnkell dró á vetr kálf ok kið);
    impers., dregr á tunglit, the moon is obscured (= dregr myrkr á tunglit);
    dimmu þykkir draga á ráðit Odds, it looks as if a cloud was drawing over Odds’ affairs;
    dregr á gleði biskups, the bishop’s gladness was obscured;
    draga eptir e-m, to gain on one (Þórarinn sótti ákaft róðrinn ok hans menn, ok drógu skjótt eptir þeim Steinólfi ok Kjallaki);
    draga eptir e-m um e-t, to approach one, to be nearly equal to one, in a thing;
    um margar íþróttir (in many accomplishments) dró hann fast eptir Ólafi konungi;
    draga e-t fram, to produce, bring forward (draga fram athugasamlig dœmi); to further, promote (draga fram hlut e-s);
    draga fram kaupeyri sinn, to make money;
    draga fram skip, to launch a ship;
    impers., dregr frá, (cloud darkness) is drawn off;
    hratt stundum fyrir, en stundum dró frá, (clouds) drew sometimes over, sometimes off;
    dregr fyrir sól, tungl, the sun, moon is obscured by clouds or eclipse (tunglskin var ljóst, en stundum dró fyrir);
    ok er í tók at draga skúrirnar, when showers began to gather;
    draga e-ð saman, to collect, gather (draga lið, her, skip saman);
    impers., saman dró kaupmála með þeim, they struck a bargain;
    saman dró hugi þeirra, their hearts were drawn together;
    dregr þá saman or dregr saman með þeim, the distance between them grows less;
    draga e-t í sundr, to draw asunder, disjoin (vil ek eigi draga í sundr sættir yðrar);
    impers., dregr þá í sundr or dregr í sundr með þeim, the distance between them increases;
    draga e-n til e-s, to move, prompt, induce;
    engi ofkæti dregr mik til þessarar ferðar, it is not from wantonness that I undertake this journey;
    slíkt dregr hann til vinsældar, this furthers his popularity;
    ef hann drógi ekki til, if he was not concerned;
    draga e-t til dœmis um e-t, to adduce as a proof of;
    hann hét at draga allt til sætta (to do everything in his power for reconciliation) með þeim Skota konungi;
    impers., nema til verra dragi, unless matters turn out for the worse;
    with dat., þat samband þeirra, er þeim dregr báðum til bana, which will prove fatal to both of them;
    at hér mundi til mikillar úgiptu draga um kaup þessi, that much mischief would arise from this bargain;
    dró þá enn til sundrþykkju með þeim Svíum, the old feud with the Swedes began all over again;
    svá er þat, segir R., ef ekki dregr til, unless some unforesceen thing happens;
    draga e-t undan e-m, to seek to deprive one of a thing (þeir hafa bundizt í því at draga bœndr undan þér);
    draga e-t undan, to delay (drógu Skotar undan sættina);
    hví dregr þú undan at bjóða mér til þín? why dost thou put off inviting me to come?;
    draga rót undan (tölu), to extract the root;
    draga undan e-m, to escape from one (nú lægir seglin þeirra ok draga þeir undan oss);
    impers., hann (acc.) dró undan sem nauðuligast, he had a narrow escape;
    draga e-t undir sik, to apropriate or take fraudulently to oneself (hafði dregit undir sik finnskattinn);
    impers., dró yðr (acc.) undir hrakningina, en oss (acc.) undan, you came in for hard uasge but we escaped;
    draga upp skip, to drag a ship ashore;
    draga upp segl, to hoist a sail (sails);
    impers., þoku dregr upp, fog is coming on;
    11) refl., dragast.
    f. only in pl. ‘drögur’,
    2) metric term, repetition, anadiplosis (when a stanza begins with the last word of the preceding one).
    * * *
    pret. dró, pl. drógu; part. dreginn; pres. dreg: pret. subj. drægi: [Lat. trahere; Ulf. dragan, but only once or twice, = επισωρεύειν in 2 Tim. iv. 3; Hel. dragan = portare, ferre (freq.); A. S. dragan; Germ. tragen; the Engl. distinguishes between to drag and draw, whence the derived words to draggle, trail, drawl; Swed. draga; the Danes have drage, but nearly obliterated except in the special sense to travel,—otherwise they have trække, formed from the mod. Germ. tragen]:—to draw, drag, carry, pull.
    A. ACT., with acc.
    I. to drag, carry, pull; hann dró þau öll út, Nj. 131; djöfla þá er yðr munu d. til eilífra kvala, 273; d. heim við, to drag the logs home, 53; d. sauði, to pick sheep out of a fold, Bs. i. 646, Eb. 106; d. skip fram, to launch a ship; d. upp, to draw her up, drag her ashore, Grág. ii. 433; dró Þorgils eptir sér fiskinn, Fs. 129; Egill dró at sér skipit, E. pulled the ship close up to himself, Eg. 221, 306; dró hann þá af grunninu, Fms. vii. 264; hann hafði dregit ( pulled) hött síðan yfir hjálm, Eg. 375, cp. Ad. 3; d. föt, skóklæði af e-m, to draw off clothes, shoes; þá var dregin af ( stripped off) hosa líkinu, Fms. viii. 265; dró hann hana á hönd ser, he pulled it on his hand, Eg. 378; d. hring á hönd sér, to put a ring on one’s hand, 306; (hann) tók gullhring, ok dró ( pulled) á blóðrefilinn, id.: phrases, er við ramman reip at d., ’tis to pull a rope against the strong man, i. e. to cope with the mighty, Fms. ii. 107, Nj. 10,—the metaphor from a game; d. árar, to pull the oars, Fms. ii. 180, Grett. 125 A: absol. to pull, ok drógu skjótt eptir, they soon pulled up to them, Gullþ. 24, Krók. 52: metaph., um margar íþróttir dró hann fast eptir Ólafi, in many accomplishments he pressed hard upon Olave, Fms. iii. 17: d. boga, to draw the bow, x. 362, but more freq. benda ( bend) boga: d., or d. upp segl, to hoist the sails, Eg. 93, Fms. ix. 21, x. 349, Orkn. 260: d. fiska, or simply draga (Luke v. 7), to fish with a hook, to pull up fish with a line (hence fisk-dráttr, dráttr, fishing), Fms. iv. 89, Hým. 21, 23, Fs. 129, Landn. 36, Fas. ii. 31: d. drátt, Luke v. 4; d. net, to fish with a drag-net; also absol., draga á (on or in) á ( a river), to drag a river; hence the metaphor, d. langa nót at e-u, = Lat. longae ambages, Nj. 139: d. steina, to grind in a hand-mill, Sl. 58, Gs. 15: d. bust ór nefi e-m, vide bust: d. anda, to draw breath; d. öndina um barkann, id., (andar-dráttr, drawing breath); d. tönn, to draw a tooth.
    2. phrases mostly metaph.; d. seim, prop. to draw wire, metaph. to read or talk with a drawling tone; d. nasir af e-u, to smell a thing, Ísl. ii. 136; d. dám af e-u, to draw flavour from; draga dæmi af e-u, or d. e-t til dæmis, to draw an example from a thing, Stj. 13, cp. Nj. 65; d. þýðu eðr samræði til e-s, to draw towards, feel sympathy for, Sks. 358; d. grun á e-t, to suspect, Sturl.; d. spott, skaup, gys, etc. at e-u, to hold a thing up to ridicule, Bs. i. 647; d. á sik dul ok dramb, to assume the air of…, 655 xi. 3; d. á sik ofbeldi ok dramb, Fms. vii. 20; d. e-n á talar, to deceive one, metaphor from leading into a trap, 2 Cor. xii. 17; d. vél at e-m, to deceive one, draw a person into wiles, Nj. 280, Skv. i. 33; d. á vetr, to get one’s sheep and cattle through the winter; Hrafnkell dró á vetr kálf ok kið hin firstu misseri, Hrafn. 22, cp. Germ. anbinden, and in mod. Icel. usage setja á vetr; d. nafn af e-m, to draw, derive the name from, Eb. 126 (App.) new Ed.; the phrase, (hann skyldi ekki) fleiri ár yfir höfuð d., more years should not pass over his head, he must die, Þórð.
    II. to draw a picture; kross let hann d. í enni á öllum hjálmum með bleiku, Fms. iv. 96; þá dró Tjörvi líkneski þeirra á kamarsvegg, Landn. 247; var dregit á skjöldinn leo með gulli, Ld. 78, Pr. 428; í þann tíma sem hann dregr ( draws) klæða-föllin (the folds), Mar. (Fr.): d. til stafs (mod.), to draw the letters, of children first trying to write; d. fjöðr yfir e-t, a metaph. phrase, to draw a pen over or through, to hide, cloak a thing: gramm. to mark a vowel with a stroke,—a long vowel opp. to a short one is thus called ‘dreginn;’ hljóðstafir hafa tvenna grein, at þeir sé styttir ( short) eða dregnir (drawn, marked with a stroke), ok er því betr dregit yfir þann staf er seint skal at kveða, e. g. ári Ari, ér er-, mínu minni, Skálda 171: to measure, in the phrases, draga kvarða við vaðmál, Grág. i. 497, 498; draga lérept, N. G. L. i. 323.
    III. to line clothes, etc.; treyja var dregin utan ok innan við rauðu silki, Flov. 19.
    IV. metaph. to delay; dró hann svá sitt mál, at…, Sturl. iii. 13; hann dró um þat engan hlut, he made no subterfuge, Hkr. ii. 157; Halldórr dró þá heldr fyrir þeim, H. then delayed the time, Ld. 322; vil ek ekki lengr d. þetta fyrir þér, 284; vil ek þessi svör eigi láta d. fyrir mér lengr, Eb. 130.
    V. with prepp. af, at, á, fram, frá, saman, sundr, etc., answering to the Lat. attrahere, abstrahere, protrahere, detrahere, distrahere, contrahere, etc.; d. at lið, to collect troops; d. saman her, id., Eg. 172, 269, Nj. 127; d. at föng, to collect stores, 208, 259: metaph., þá dró at honum sóttin, the sickness drew nearer to him, he grew worse, Grett. 119; d. af e-m, to take off, to disparage a person, Fms. vi. 287; d. af við e-n, ok mun héðan af ekki af dregit við oss, we shall not be neglected, stinted, Bjarn. 54: mathem. term, to subtract, Rb. 118: d. fram, to bring forward, promote; d. fram þræla, Fms. x. 421, ix. 254, Eg. 354; skil ek þat, at þat man mína kosti hér fram d. (it will be my greatest help here), at þú átt ekki vald á mér; d. fram kaupeyri, to make money, Fms. vi. 8; d. saman, to draw together, collect, join, Bs. ii. 18, Nj. 65, 76; d. sundr, to draw asunder, disjoin; d. e-t á, to intimate, (á-dráttr) drag eigi á þat, Sturl. iii. 110; d. undan, to escape; kómu segli við ok drógu undan, Fms. iv. 201; nú lægir segl þeirra ok d. þeir nú undan oss, v. 11: metaph. to delay, Uspakr dró þó undan allt til nætr, Nj. 272; hirðin sá þetta at svá mjök var undan dregit, Fms. ix. 251 (undan-dráttr, delay); hví dregr þú undan at bjóða mér til þín, Glúm. 326, Fms. ix. 251, Pass. 16. 13: mathem., d. rót undan, to extract a root, Alg. 366; d. upp, to draw a picture (upp-dráttr, a drawing), to pull up, Edda I; to pull out of the snow, Eg. 546; d. út, to extract, draw out, 655 xxxii. 2; d. undir sik, to draw under oneself, to embezzle, Eg. 61, Fms. vii. 128; d. upp akkeri, to weigh anchor, Jb. 403; d. upp segl, to hoist sail, vide above; ljós brann í stofunni ok var dregit upp, Sturl. i. 142; þar brann ljós ok var dregit upp, en myrkt hit neðra, ii. 230; ok er mönnum var í sæti skipat vóru log upp dregin í stofunni, iii. 182; herbergis sveinarnir drógu upp skriðljósin, Fas. iii. 530, cp. Gísl. 29, 113,—in the old halls the lamps (torches) were hoisted up and down, in order to make the light fainter or stronger; d. e-n til e-s, to draw one towards a thing; mikit dregr mik til þess, Fs. 9; engi ofkæti dregr mik til þessarar ferðar, i. e. it is not by my own choice that I undertake this journey, Fms. ix. 352; slíkt dró hann til vinsældar, this furthered him in popularity, vii. 175, Sks. 443 B; mun hann slíkt til d., it will move, influence him, Nj. 210; ef hann drægi ekki til, if he was not concerned, 224.
    2. draga til is used absol. or ellipt., denoting the course of fate, and many of the following phrases are almost impers.; nema til verra dragi, unless matters turn out worse, Nj. 175; búð, dragi til þess sem vera vill, Lat. fata evenient, 185; ef honum vill þetta til dauða d., if this draw to his death, prove fatal to him, 103, Grett. 114; þat samband þeirra er þeim dregr báðum til bana, which will be fatal to both of them, Nj. 135; enda varð þat fram at koma sem til dró, Ísl. ii. 263; sagði Kveldúlfr at þá ( then) mundi þar til draga sem honum hafði fyrir boðat, Eg. 75; dró til vanda með þeim Rúti ok Unni, it was the old story over again, Nj. 12; dró til vanda um tal þeirra, 129; at hér mundi til mikillar úgiptu draga um kaup þessi, that mickle mischief would arise from this bargain, 30; dró þá enn til sundrþykkju með þeim Svíum, the old feud with the Swedes began over again, Fms. x. 161; ok er úvíst til hvers um dregr, Fs. 6; svá er þat, segir Runólfr, ef ekki dregr til, unless some unforeseen things happen, Nj. 75; hón kvað eigi úlíkligt at til mikils drægi um, Ísl. ii. 19; þá dró nú til hvárttveggja. Bret.; hence til-drög. n. pl. cause.
    B. IMPERS.
    1. of clouds, shade, darkness, to be drawn before a thing as a veil; dimmu (acc.) þykir á draga ráðit Odds, it looked as if gloom were drawing over Odd’s affairs, Band. 10; ok er í tók at draga skúrirnar (acc.), it began to draw into showers, i. e. clouds began to gather, Fms. iii. 206: often ellipt., hratt stundum fyrir en stundum dró frá, [ clouds] drew sometimes over, sometimes off, of the moon wading through them, Grett. 114; dregr fyrir sól, [ a veil] draws over the sun, he is hid in clouds; ský vónarleysu döpur drjúgum dró fyrir mína gleði-sól, Bb. 2. 9; dregr á gleði biskups, [ clouds] drew over the bishop’s gladness, it was eclipsed, Bs. ii. 79; eclipsis heitir er fyrir dregr sól eðr tungl, it is called an eclipse when [ a veil] draws over the sun or moon, 1812. 4; tunglskin var ljóst, en stundum dró fyrir, the moonshine was clear, and in turn [ a veil] drew over it, Nj. 118; þá sá lítið af tungli ljóst ok dró ymist til eðr frá, Ísl. ii. 463; þat gerðisk, at á dregr tunglit, ok verðr eclipsis, Al. 54.
    2. in various connections; dró yðr (acc.) undir hrakningina, en oss (acc.) undan, you were drawn into a thrashing (i. e. got one), but we escaped, Nj. 141; hann (acc.) dró undan sem nauðuligast, he had a narrow escape, Fms. ix. 392: absol., a noun or personal pronoun in acc. being understood, lítt dró enn undan við þik, there was little power of drawing out of thy reach, i. e. thy blow did its work right well. Nj. 199, 155; hvárki dró sundr né saman með þeim, of two running a dead heat: metaph. phrases, mun annarsstaðar meira slóða (acc.) draga, there will be elsewhere a greater trial left, i. e. the consequences will be still worse elsewhere, 54; saman dró hugi þeirra, their hearts were drawn together, of a loving pair, Bárð. 271; saman dró kaupmála með þeim, they struck a bargain, literally the bargain was drawn tight, Nj. 49; hann hreinsar þat skjótt þóat nokkut im (acc.) hafi á oss dregit af samneyti ( although we have been a little infected by the contact with) annarlegs siðferðis, Fms. ii. 261; allt slafr (acc.) dró af Hafri, i. e. H. became quite mute, Grett. (in a verse): in a temp. sense, til þess er dró at degi, till the day drew nigh, Fms. x. 138; þá er dró at miðri nótt, Grett. 140; þá er dregr at Jólum, Yule drew nigh, Fbr. 138; dregr at hjaldri, the battle-hour draws nigh, Fms. vi. (in a verse); dró at því (the time drew nigh), at hann var banvænn, Eg. 126: of sickness, hunger, or the like, to sink, be overcome by, svá dregr at mér af elli, svengd ok þorsta, at…, Fms. iii. 96; nú þykki mér sem fast dragi at þér, thou art sinking fast, Fas. ii. 221; ok er lokið var kvæðinu dregr at Oddi fast, O. was sinking fast, 321: of other things, tók þá at d. fast at heyjum hans, his stock was very low, Fms. iii. 208; þoku dregr upp, a fog draws on, rises, 97 (in a verse), but ok taki sú poka (nom.) fyrir at d. norðrljósit, Sks. an (better þá þoku, acc.)
    C. REFLEX, to draw oneself, move; ef menn dragask til föruneytis þeirra ( join them) úbeðit, Grág. ii. 270; Sigvaldi dregsk út frá flotanum, S. draws away from the fleet, Fms. xi. 140; ofmjök dragask lendir menn fram, i. e. the barons drew far too forward, vii. 22; hyski drósk á flótta, they drew away to flight, Fms. vi. (in a verse); skeiðr drógusk at vígi, the ships drew on to battle, iii. 4 (in a verse); dragask undir = draga undir sik, to take a thing to oneself, Grág. ii. 150; dragask á hendr e-m, drógusk opt þeir menn á hendr honum er úskilamenn voru, Sturl. i. 136; dragask e-n á hendr, hann kvað þess enga ván, at hann drægisk þá á hendr, ii. 120; dragask aptr á leið, to remain behind, Rb. 108; dragask út, to recede, of the tide, 438; dragask saman, to draw back, draw together, be collected, Fms. i. 25, Bs. i. 134; e-m dragask penningar, Fms. vi. 9; d. undan, to be delayed, x. 251; the phrase, herr, lið dregsk e-m, the troops draw together, of a levy, i. 94, vii. 176, Eg. 277; dragask á legg, to grow up, Hkr. iii. 108; sem aldr hans ok vitsmunir drógusk fram, increased, Fms. vi. 7; þegar honum drósk aldr, when he grew up, Fs. 9; dragask á legg, to grow into a man; dragask við e-t, to become discouraged, Fms. viii. 65; d. vel, illa, to do well, ill, Fs. 146: to be worn out, exhausted, drósk þá liðit mjök af kulda, Sturl. iii. 20; drósk hestr hans, ii. 75: part. dreginn, drawn, pinched, starved, hestar mjök dregnir, Fms. ix. 276; görðisk fénaðr dreginn mjök, drawn, thin, iii. 208; stóð þar í heykleggi einn ok dregit at öllu megin, a tapering hayrick, Háv. 53: of sickness, Herra Andrés lagðisk sjúkr, ok er hann var dreginn mjök, Fms. ix. 276.
    β. recipr., þau drógusk um einn gullhring, they fought, pulled. Fas. iii. 387. From the reflex. probably originates, by dropping the reflex. suffix, the mod. Swed. and Dan. at draga = to go, esp. of troops or a body of men; in old writers the active form hardly ever occurs in this sense (the reading drógu in the verse Fms. iii. 4 is no doubt false); and in mod. usage it is equally unknown in Icel., except maybe in allit. phrases as, e. g. út á djúpið hann Oddr dró, Snot 229 new Ed.; to Icel. ears draga in this sense sounds strange; even the reflex. form is seldom used in a dignified sense; vide the references above.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > DRAGA

  • 23 hinziehen

    (unreg., trennb.)
    I v/t (hat hingezogen)
    1. pull there; sich hingezogen fühlen zu fig. be drawn to (-ward[s])
    2. fig. (verzögern) draw ( oder drag) out
    II v/refl (hat)
    1. zeitlich: drag on; sich hinziehen bis (zu ) auch go on until ( oder till); sich über Jahre hinziehen go on for years (and years); die Entscheidung wird sich noch hinziehen it will be some time (yet) before a decision is reached
    2. räumlich: stretch ( bis to, as far as); sich an der Küste etc. hinziehen stretch along
    III v/i (ist) move; Zugvögel: migrate; Rauch, Wolken etc.: drift; wo zieht ihr hin? where are you moving (to)?
    * * *
    to protract;
    sich hinziehen
    to stretch; to drag; to be delayed; to linger
    * * *
    hịn|zie|hen sep
    1. vt
    1) (= zu sich ziehen) to draw or pull (zu towards); (fig = anziehen) to attract (zu to)
    2) (fig = in die Länge ziehen) to draw or drag out
    2. vi aux sein
    1) (= sich in bestimmte Richtung bewegen) to move (
    über +acc across, zu towards); (= weggehen, - marschieren) to move or go away
    2) (liter Wolken, Rauch etc) to drift, to move (
    an +dat across)
    3) (= umziehen) to move there
    3. vr
    1) (= lange dauern) to drag on; (= sich verzögern) to be delayed
    2) (= sich erstrecken) to stretch, to extend
    * * *
    hin|zie·hen
    I. vt Hilfsverb: haben
    ▪ jdn/etw zu sich dat \hinziehen to pull [or draw] sb/sth towards one
    ▪ es zieht jdn zu etw dat hin sb is attracted to sth
    es hatte sie immer nach Köln hingezogen she had always been attracted to Cologne
    ▪ etw \hinziehen to delay sth
    II. vi Hilfsverb: sein
    1. (sich hinbewegen)
    ▪ [zu etw dat] \hinziehen to move [or go] [to sth]
    da zieht sie hin, die Karawane! there goes the caravan!
    ▪ zu jdm/nach... \hinziehen to move in with sb/to move to...
    du könntest doch zu uns \hinziehen you could move in with us
    III. vr
    ▪ sich akk \hinziehen to drag on
    2. (sich erstrecken)
    ▪ sich akk entlang einer S. gen \hinziehen to extend [or stretch] along sth
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) pull, draw (zu to, towards)

    sich zu jemandem/etwas hingezogen fühlen — be or feel attracted to somebody/something

    2) (in die Länge ziehen) draw out; protract
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein move there
    3.
    unregelmäßiges reflexives Verb drag on (über + Akk. for)
    * * *
    hinziehen (irr, trennb)
    A. v/t (hat hingezogen)
    1. pull there;
    sich hingezogen fühlen zu fig be drawn to(-ward[s])
    2. fig (verzögern) draw ( oder drag) out
    B. v/r (hat)
    1. zeitlich: drag on;
    sich hinziehen bis (zu) auch go on until ( oder till);
    sich über Jahre hinziehen go on for years (and years);
    die Entscheidung wird sich noch hinziehen it will be some time (yet) before a decision is reached
    2. räumlich: stretch (
    bis to, as far as);
    sich an der Küste etc
    hinziehen stretch along
    C. v/i (ist) move; Zugvögel: migrate; Rauch, Wolken etc: drift;
    wo zieht ihr hin? where are you moving (to)?
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) pull, draw (zu to, towards)

    sich zu jemandem/etwas hingezogen fühlen — be or feel attracted to somebody/something

    2) (in die Länge ziehen) draw out; protract
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein move there
    3.
    unregelmäßiges reflexives Verb drag on (über + Akk. for)
    * * *
    n.
    protraction n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > hinziehen

  • 24 आकृष्


    ā-kṛish
    - karshati (ind. p. - kṛishya;

    Inf. - krashṭum Kum. II, 59)
    to draw towards one's self, attract, draw away with one's self MBh. etc.;
    to draw (a sword) Mṛicch. Vet. etc.;
    to bend (a bow) Daṡ. Ṡiṡ. IX, 40 ;
    to take off (as a garment, etc.) MBh. II, 2291 Mṛicch. ;
    to draw out of (abl.) Vet. etc.;
    to withdraw, deprive of, take away MBh. I, 6348 Bhaṭṭ. (fut. 1. sg. ā-karkshyāmi) Kathās. ;
    to borrow from (abl.) Hit. Pāṇ. 3-1, 106 Siddh.:
    Caus. (p. f. - karshayantī) to draw near to one's self

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > आकृष्

  • 25 उपनी


    upa-nī
    1) P. Ā. - nayati, - te (Ā. Pot. - nayīta HirGṛ. I, 1, 2 ;

    p. - náyamāna AV.)
    to lead orﾠ drive near, bring near, bring, adduce, offer RV. II, 3, 10; III, 35, 3 ṠBr. TBr. MBh. Mn. Ragh. ;
    to bring information, communicate;
    to lead orﾠ bring near to one's self, take possession of R. Kathās. ;
    to lead, guide MBh. BhP. ;
    to lead orﾠ draw towards one's self (said of the Guru who, in the ceremony of initiation, draws the boy towards himself);
    to initiate into one of the twice-born classes by investing with the sacred thread etc. (only Ā. Pāṇ. 1-3, 36)
    AV. XI, 5, 3 ṠBr. ĀṡvGṛ. ṠāṇkhGṛ. etc.. Mn. etc.. ;
    to bring about, produce, cause Gīt. Prab. Sāh. ;
    to bring into any state, reduce to R. Hariv. Kām. etc.;
    to take into one's service (only Ā. Pāṇ. 1-3, 36):
    Caus. - nāyayati, to cause to initiate (a pupil)
    Mn. XI, 191. ;
    upa-nî ̱
    2) ( upa-ni-i) P. - ny-eti, to enter into, move towards ṠBr.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > उपनी

  • 26 سحب

    سَحَبَ \ drag: to pull with difficulty (sth. or sb. heavy or unwilling to move): We dragged the fallen tree off the road. I dragged my son out of bed. draw (drew, drawn): to obtain (money from a bank, pay from one’s employer, water from a well, etc.). pull: (the opposite of push) to draw (sth.) towards oneself: Pull the rope to ring the bell. Don’t pull so hard, or you’ll break it. retract: to take back (sth. said before): She retracted her statement, because she had got the facts wrong. revoke: to take back (an official order, decision, etc.). tow: to pull with a rope (a vehicle or boat): The damaged car was towed away. withdraw: to take back (an offer, money from the bank, soldiers, from a battle, etc.). \ See Also جر (جَرَّ)، ألغى (أَلْغَى)، تَراجَعَ (عن أقواله)، استرد (اِسْتَرَدَّ)‏ \ سَحَبَ \ scratch: to strike out one’s own name from a list of competitors; to say that one cannot play: We had to scratch (the match) because half our team were ill. \ See Also اِنْسَحَبَ من سِبَاقٍ \ سَحَبَ بعُنف \ tear sb. away: to cause sb. to leave sth. very interesting: I could hardly tear myself away from the party, but I had to go home. \ سَحَبَ بالقُرْعَة \ draw lots: to pick sth. by lot: We drew lots to see who should start the game. \ سَحَبَ بجُهْدٍ \ heave: to pull hard at sth., esp. a rope.

    Arabic-English dictionary > سحب

  • 27 BLÁSA

    * * *
    (blæs; blés, blésum; blásinn), v.
    1) to blow, of the wind;
    blásandi byrr, a spanking breeze;
    2) to blow with the mouth (hann blés í kross yfir drykk sínum); to pant (hestrinn tók at frýsa ok blása);
    blása við to draw a deep breath, to sigh (jarl blés þá við mœðiliga);
    blés mœðiliga öndinni, breathed hard;
    blása e-m e-u í brjóst, to inspire, suggest a thing to one (guð blés henni því í brjóst);
    blása eldi, eitri, of serpents;
    blása lúðri, horni, to blow the trumpet, horn;
    blása liði (troops) til landgöngu;
    blása til stefnu, to a meeting;
    blása herblástr, to sound an alarm;
    5) to melt, cast (blása gullmálm, rauða);
    yxn tveir ór eiri blásnir (cast);
    6) to blow up, inflate (sem belgr blásinn);
    7) impers., blés upp fótinn, kviðinn, the leg, belly, swelled up;
    of land, to be laid bare, stripped of the turf (hafði blásit hauginn ok lá silfrit bert).
    * * *
    blés, blésu, blásit; pres. blæss, [Ulf. blêsan, a redupl. verb; Germ. blasen; Swed. blåsa; cp. Engl. blow ( blast); A. S. blâvan; Lat. flare.]
    I. to blow, Lat. flare, of the wind; the naut. alliterative phrase, blásandi byrr, a fresh breeze, Fms. vii. 287; vindrinn blæs og þú heyrir hans þyt, John iii. 8.
    2. act. to blow a trumpet, sound an alarm, with dat. of the people and the instrument, the act of blowing in acc.; b. lúðri, Fms. vii. 287; var blásinn herblástr, sounded an alarm, ix. 358; b. liði ( troops) til ofangaungu, Orkn. 350, Bret. 46; b. til stefnu, to a meeting, Fms. vii. 286; konungr lét b. öllum mönnum ór bænum, ix. 304; b. til þings, viii. 210; til héraðstefnu, ix. 255, v. l.: absol., þá bað hann b., sound the attack, viii. 403.
    β. to blow the bellows; blástu (imperat.) meir, Landn. 270 (in a verse), Edda 69, 70.
    γ. to melt, cast, the metal in acc.; hann blés fyrstr manna rauða á Íslandi, ok var hann af því kallaðr Rauðabjörn, Landn. 71, cp. Sks. 163; b. gullmálm, Bret. 4; sumir blésu ok steyptu af málmi Guðs líkneski, Barl. 139; sem af glóanda járni því er ákafliga er blásit í eldi, Fms. viii. 8; yxn tveir ór eiri blásnir ( cast), Bret. 22.
    δ. to swell, blow up; létt sem belgr blásinn, Fms. x. 308.
    II. to breathe, Lat. spirare; svá sem andi blæsk af munni, Eluc. 4: to blow with the mouth, hann blés í kross yfir drykk sínum, Fs. 103; bléss hann á þá og sagði, með-takið þeir Heilagan Anda, John xx. 22; b. við, to draw a deep breath; hón blés við ok svarar, Clem. 50; jarl blés þá við mæðiliga, Fs. 10, Magn. 444: to sigh, of a sick man, Gísl. 47; b. hátt við, Bjarn. 24: without ‘við,’ Sturl. i. 20; b. eitri, eldi (of serpents or dragons), to snort, Edda 42; of a horse, Greg. 49.
    2. theol. to inspire; Guð blés sínum anda (dat.) í brjóst honum, Fms. i. 142, 199; Guð blés henni því í brjóst, Stj. 160 (cp. innblástr).
    3. b. móti e-m, to conspire against one, Fms. vii. 164: in the phrase, ‘to blow not a hair off one’s head,’ Jarl mælti, at eingi skyldi b. hár af höfði Sveini, no one should dare to make a hair move on his head, Orkn. 252.
    III. impers.:
    1. medic. to ‘boulne,’ swell, from sickness, wounds …, the wound or swollen limb in acc.; hann svall svá ákafliga, at allan blés kviðinn, Bs. i. 319; sár Gríms varð illa, ok blés upp fótinn, Dropl. 36, Grett. 153; hann blés allan, Bs. i. 116.
    2. of land, to be laid bare, stripped of the turf by wind; hafði blásit hauginn ok lá silfrið bert, Fms. iv. 57.
    3. in supine, and partic. the personal construction reappears; á Ormarsstöðum þar sem er blásið allt, where all is stripped, barren, Landn. 280; meltorfa blásin mjök, stripped, barren, Hrafn. 27: medic., hin hægri geirvartan var blásin upp, 655 xxxii. 10; hans hörund var allt blásit, Fas. i. 286, Rb. 374; sýndist fótrinn blásinn ok kolblár, Grett. 152.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BLÁSA

  • 28 ἐ᾽ρύω

    ἐ᾽ρύω, - ομαι
    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `draw, tear, draw towards one' (Il.). Details in Schwyzer 681, 780, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 30, 136f. etc., Solmsen Unt. 244f., Bechtel Lex s. v.
    Other forms: ( εἰ- Hdt., Hp.), inf. εἰρύμεναι (Hes. Op. 818, verse-begin; cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 294), aor. ἐρύσ(σ)αι, - ασθαι (also εἰ- Hdt., Hp.), pass. ἐρυσθῆναι, εἰ- (Hp.), Dor. ipv. Ϝερυσάτω (Delphi IVa; not certain), fut. ἐρύω, - ομαι (Hom.), ἐρύσω (Opp.), ἐρύσσω, - ομαι (Orph.; as v. l. Φ 176), perf. pass. εἴρῡμαι, εἰρῠ́αται,
    Compounds: also with prefix ἀν- ( ἀϜ-), ἐξ-, κατ-, προ- etc. - As 1. member in ἐρῠσ-άρματες ( ἵπποι) `drawing the chariot' (Hom.); on the formation Sommer Nominalkomp. 1 1f.
    Derivatives: Rarely ἐρυ-: ἔρῠ-σις `the drawing' (Max. Tyr.), ἐρῠ-τήρ `the drawer' (Nic.), ἐρυ-σ-τός (S.). More from ῥῡ- (ῥῠ-): ῥῡ-τήρ m. `rein, rope' (Il.), also `bow-stretcher, archer' (Od.); ῥύ̄-τωρ `bow-stretcher' (Ar. Th. 108 [lyr.]); ῥῡ-μός m. `drawing(wood), pole etc' (Il.); ῥῦ-μα `that which is drawn' (A., X.); ῥύ̄-μη `force, swing' (Hp.); ῥῡ-τός `drawn' ( ῥυτοῖσι λάεσσι ζ 267; ξ 10), ῥῡ-τά n. pl. `reins' (Hes. Sc. 308); with ιο-suffix ῥύσιον, Dor. ῥύτιον *`what is drawn forth', i. e. `deposit, retribution' (Il.); ῥῠτίς `fold, rumple', ῥῡσός `rumply' s. v. Expressive enlargement (Schwyzer 706): ῥυστάζω `draw to and fro, maltreat' (Hom.) with ῥυστακτύ̄ς (σ 224), ῥύσταγμα (Lyk. 1089).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [??] *u̯eru-? `draw'
    Etymology: (Ϝ)ερύω, *Ϝέ-Ϝρῡ-μαι \> εἴρῡμαι, beside which perhaps with vowel-prothesis *ἐ-Ϝερύομαι \> εἰρύομαι (cf. the litt. above; for the digamma not esp. ep. (Aeol.) αὑερύω = ἀϜ-Ϝερύω ἀν-Ϝερύω, βρυτῆρες = ῥυτῆρες [A. D.]), has, though without a doubt old, no certain agreement outside Greek. - On ambivalent Lat. rū̆dēns `sail of a ship' s. W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. v.
    Page in Frisk: 1,571

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐ᾽ρύω

  • 29 HAFA

    * * *
    (hefi; hafða, höfðum; hafðr), v.
    1) to have (þeir höfðu sjau skip ok flest stór);
    hafa elda, to keep up a five;
    2) to hold, celebrate (hafa vinaboð, blót, þing);
    3) to keep, retain (rifu þær vefinn í sundr, ok hafði hverr þat er hélt á);
    4) to use (tvau net eru rý, ok hafa eigi höfð verit);
    orð þau sem hann hafði um haft, which he had made use of;
    hafa fagrmæli við e-n, to flatter one;
    hafa hljóðmæli við e-n, to speak secretly to one;
    hafa tvimæli á e-u, to speak doubtfully of a thing;
    hafa viðrmæli um e-t, to use mocking words;
    hann var mjök hafðr við mál manna, much used to, versed in, lawsuits;
    5) to have, hold, maintain;
    hafa vináttu við e-n, to maintain friendship with one;
    hafa hættumikit, to run a great risk;
    hafa heilindi, to have good health;
    6) to bring, carry;
    hafa e-n heim með sér, to bring one home;
    hann hafði lög, út hingat ór Noregi, he brought laws hither from Norway;
    hafa sik (to betake oneself) til annara landa;
    7) to take, carry off;
    troll hafi þik, the trolls take thee;
    8) to get, gain, win;
    hann hafði eigi svefn, he got no sleep;
    hefir sá jafnan, er hættir, he wins that ventures;
    hafa gagn, sigr, to gain victor;
    hafa meira hlut, to get the upper hand, gain the day;
    hafa sitt mál, to win one’s suit;
    hafa tafl, to win the game;
    hafa erendi, to do one’s errand, succeed;
    hafa bana, to suffer death, to die;
    hafa sigr, to be worsted;
    hafa góðar viðtökur, to be well received;
    hafa tíðindi af e-m, to get tidings of, or from, one;
    hafa sœmd, óvirðing af e-m, to get honour, disgrace from one;
    with gen., hafa e-s ekki, to fail to catch one (hann kemst á skóg undan, ok höfðu þeir hans ekki);
    ekki munu vér hans hafa at sinni, we shall not catch him at present;
    9) to wear carry (clothes, weapons);
    hann hafði blán kyrtil, he wore a blue kirtle;
    hafa kylfu í hendi sér, to have a club in one’s hand;
    10) to behave, do, or fare, so an so esp. with an adv.;
    hafa vel, illa, vetr, to behave (do) well, badly, be worse;
    hafa sik vel, to behave;
    11) with infin., hafa at varðveita, to have in keeping at selja, to have on sale;
    lög hafið þér at mæla, you are right;
    12) hafa e-n nær e-u, to expose one to (þú hafðir svá nær haft oss úfœru);
    hafa nær e-u, to come near to, esp. impers.;
    nær hafði okkr nú, it was a narrow escape;
    svá nær hafði hausinum, at, the shot so nearly touched the head, that;
    ok er nær hafði, skipit mundi fljóta, when the ship was on the point of flloating;
    13) as an auxiliary verb, in the earliest time with the pp. of transitive verbs in acc.;
    hefir þú hamar um fólginn, hast thou hidden the hammer?;
    ek hefi sendan mann, I have sent a man;
    later with indecl. neut. pp.;
    hefir þú eigi sét mik, hast thou not seen me?;
    14) with preps.:
    hafa e-t at, to do, act;
    hann tók af þér konuna, en þú hafðir ekki at, but thou didst not stir, didst take it tamely;
    absol., viltu þess freista, ok vita hvat at hafi, wilt thou try and see what happens?;
    hafa e-t at hlífiskildi (skotspœni), to use as a shield (as a target);
    hafa e-n háði, hlátri, to mock, laugh at;
    hafa e-t at engu, vettugi, to hold for naught, take no notice of;
    hafa sakir á e-n have charges against one;
    hafa á rás, to take to one’s heels, run off;
    hafa e-t fram, to produce (vápn þorgils vóru fram höfð); to carry out, hold forth;
    hafa mál fram, to proceed with a suit;
    var um búit, ekki fram haft, all was made ready but nothing done;
    hafa e-t frammi, í frammi, to use, make use of (hafa í frammi kúgan);
    ok öll lögmæt skil frammi hafa, and discharge all on official duties;
    hafa e-t fyrir satt, to hold for true;
    eigi em ek þar fyrir sönnu hafðr, I am not truly aimed for that, it is a false charge;
    hafa e-n fyrir sökum um e-t, to charge one with;
    hafa í hótum við e-n, to threaten one;
    hafa e-t með höndum, to have in hand;
    höfum eiai sigrinn ór hendi, let not victory slip out of our hands;
    hafa ór við e-n, to behave so and so towards one (hefir þú illa ór haft við mik);
    hafa e-t til e-s to use for (höfðu þeir til varnar skot ok spjót); to be a reason or ground for;
    vér hyggjum þat til þess haft vera, at þar hafi menn sézt, we believe the foundation of the story is that men have been seen there;
    hafa mikit (lítit) til síns máls, to have much (little) in support of one’s case;
    hafa e-t til, to have at hand, possess;
    orð þau, sem hann hafði um haft, the words which he had used;
    keisari hafði fátt um, did not say much;
    hafa e-n undir, to get one under, subdue one;
    hafa e-t uppi, to take (heave) up (hafa uppi fœri, net);
    Skarpheðinn hafði uppi øxina, S. heaved up the axe;
    hafa flokk uppi, to raise a party, to rebel;
    hafa uppi tafl, to play at a game;
    hafa e-n uppi, to bring one to light;
    hafa uppi rœður, to begin a discussion;
    hafa e-t úti, to have done, finished (hafa úti sitt dagsverk);
    hafa við e-m, to be a match for one;
    hafa sik við, to exert oneself;
    hafa mikit (lítit) við, to make a great (little) display;
    hann söng messu ok bafði mikit við, and made much of it;
    hann bad jarl leita, bann hafði lítit við þat, he did it lightly;
    haf ekki slíkt við, do not say so;
    haf þú lítit við at eggja sonu þina, refrain from egging on thy sons;
    15) refl., hafast.
    * * *
    pret. hafði; subj. hefði; pres. sing. hefi (less correctly hefir), hefir, hefir; plur. höfum, hafit, hafa: the mod. pres. sing. is monosyllabic hefr or hefur, and is used so in rhymes—andvara engan hefur | … við glys heims gálaus sefur, Pass. 15. 6, but in print the true old form hefir is still retained; the monosyllabic present is used even by old writers in the 1st pers. before the personal or negative suffix, e. g. hef-k and hef-k-a ek for hefi-g and hefig-a ek, see e. g. Grág. (Kb.) 79, 82, in the old oath formula, hef-k eigi, Hallfred; hef ek, Fms. iii. 10 (in a verse); but not so in 3rd pers., e. g. hefir-a or hefir-at, Grág. l. c.: imperat. haf, hafðu: part. pass. hafðr, neut. haft;—hafat is an απ. λεγ., Vsp. 16, and is prob. qs. hafit from hefja, to heave, lift: [Ulf. haban; A. S. habban; Engl. have; Hel. hebben; Germ. haben; Dutch hebben; Dan. have, Swed. hafva: it is curious the Lat. form habere retains the consonant unchanged, cp. the Romance forms, Ital. avere, Fr. avoir, Span. haber, etc. ☞ Hafa is a weak verb, and thus distinguished from hefja (to lift, begin), which is a strong verb, answering to Lat. capere, incipere; but in sundry cases, as will be seen below, it passes into the sense of this latter word; as also in some instances into that of another lost strong verb, hafa, hóf, to behave, and hœfa, to hit]:—to have.
    A. To have; hann hafði með sér ekki meira lið, Fms. i. 39; hafði hverr hirð um sik, 52; höfðu þeir áttján skip, viii. 42; Sverrir hafði tvau hundrað manna, … þeir höfðu annan samnað á landi, 328; hann hafði mikit lið ok frítt, x. 36; þeir höfðu sjau skip ok flest stór, 102; hafa fjölmennar setur, Eb. 22; hann hafði menn sína í síldveri, Eg. 42; mun ek naut hafa þar sem mér þykkir hagi beztr, 716.
    II. to hold:
    1. to keep, celebrate; hafa ok halda, Dipl. i. 6; hafa átrúnað, 10; hafa dóma, 12; hafa blót, Fms. iv. 254; hafa vina-veizlu, id.; hafa vina-boð, Nj. 2; hafa Jóla-boð, Eg. 516; hafa þing, Fms. ix. 449; hafa haust-boð, Gísl. 27; hafa drykkju, Eb. 154; hafa leik, Fms. x. 201, passim.
    2. to hold, observe; hlýðir þat hvergi at hafa eigi lög í landi, Nj. 149; skal þat hafa, er stendr …, Grág. i. 7; skal þat allt hafa er finsk á skrá þeirri …, id.; en hvatki es mis-sagt es í fræðum þessum, þá es skylt at hafa þat (to keep, hold to be true) es sannara reynisk, Íb. 3; ok hafða ek (I kept, selected) þat ór hvárri er framarr greindi, Landn. 320, v. l.
    3. to hold, keep, retain; ef hann vill hafa hann til fardaga, Grág. i. 155; skal búandinn hafa hann hálfan mánuð, 154; ok hafði hvárr þat er hélt á, Nj. 279; hitt skal hafa er um fram er, Rb. 56; kasta í burt þrjátigi ok haf þat sem eptir verðr, 494.
    4. to hold an office; hafa lögsögu, to hold the office of lögsaga, Íb. passim; hafa jarldóm, konungdóm, passim; þat höfðu haft at fornu Dana-konungar, Eg. 267; þér berit konunga-nöfn svá sem fyrr hafa haft ( have had) forfeðr yðrir, en hafit lítið af ríki, Fms. i. 52; hafa ríki, to reign, Hkr. pref.
    5. phrases, hafa elda, to keep a fire, cook, Fms. xi. 129; hafa fjárgæzlu, to tend sheep, Eg. 740; hafa embætti með höndum, Stj. 204; hafa gæzlur á e-u, Fms. ix. 313; hafa … vetr, to have so many winters, be of such an age (cp. Fr. avoir … ans), Íb. 15; margir höfðu lítið fátt þúsund ára, Ver. 7: hafa vörn í máli, Nj. 93; hafa e-t með höndum, to have in hand, Fms. viii. 280, ix. 239; hafa e-t á höndum, Grág. i. 38; hafa fyrir satt, to hold for true, Fms. xi. 10; hafa við orð, to intimate, suggest, Nj. 160; hafa e-t at engu, vettugi, to hold for naught, take no notice of, Fas. i. 318.
    6. with prepp. or infin.,
    α. with prep.; hafa til, to have, possess; ef annarr þeirra hefir til enn annarr eigi, þá er sá skyldr til at fá honum er til hefir, Grág. i. 33; ef annarr hefir til …, id.; þér ætlið at ek muna eigi afl til hafa, Ld. 28.
    β. with infin.; hafa at varðveita, to have in keeping, Eg. 500; lög hafit þér at mæla, you have the law on your tongue, i. e. you are right, Nj. 101; hörð tíðindi hefi ek at segja þér, 64; sá er gripinn hefir at halda, Grág. i. 438; hafa at selja, to have on sale, Ld. 28.
    III. to use; var haft til þess sker eitt, Eb. 12; þá höfðu þeir til varnar skot ok spjót, Fms. vii. 193; er þín ráð vóru höfð, that thy advice was taken, Fs. 57; Gríss hafði þessi ráð, Fms. iii. 21; ek vil at þat sé haft er ek legg til, x. 249; þykki mér þú vel hafa ( make good use of) þau tillög er ek legg fyrir þik, xi. 61; til þess alls er jarli þótti skipta, þá hafði hann þessa hluti, 129; tvau ný (net), ok hafa eigi höfð verit ( which have not been used), haf þú ( take) hvárt er þú vilt, Háv. 46; þær vil ek hafa enar nýju, en ek vil ekki hætta til at hafa enar fornu, id.; önnur er ný ok mikil ok hefir ( has) til einskis höfð ( used) verið, id.; buðkr er fyrir húslker er hafðr, Vm. 171; gjalda vápn þau er höfð eru, N. G. L. i. 75; þat hafði hann haft ( used) fyrir skála, Edda 29; þeir vóru hafðir til at festa með hús jafnan, Nj. 118; sá hólmr var hafðr til at …, Fms. i. 218; hann skyldi hafa hinn sama eið, x. 7; orð þau sem hann hafði ( had) um haft ( used), Nj. 56; orð þau er hann hafði ( made use of) í barnskírn, K. Þ. K. 14.
    2. more special phrases; hafa fagrmæli við e-n, to flatter one, Nj. 224; hafa hljóðmæli við e-n, to speak secretly to one, 223; allmikil fjölkyngi mun vera við höfð áðr svá fái gört, Edda 27; hafa mörg orð um e-t, Ld. 268; hafa tvímæli á e-u, to discuss, doubt, speak diffidently of a thing, Lv. 52; hafa viðrmæli um e-t, to use mocking words, Nj. 89; hafa nafn Drottins í hégóma, to take the Lord’s name in vain, Fms. i. 310; (hann var) mjök hafðr við mál manna, much used to, versed in lawsuits, Dropl. 8: hafa sik til e-s, to use oneself to a thing, i. e. to do a mean, paltry thing; þeir er til þess vilja hafa sik, at ganga í samkundur manna úboðit, Gþl. 200; ef hann vill sik til þessa hafa, Fms. i. 99: hafa sik við, to exert oneself; skaltú ok verða þik við at hafa um þetta mál, ef þú getr þat af þér fært, Grett. 160: hafa e-n at skotspæni, to use one as a target, Nj. 222; hafa e-n at hlífi-skildi sér, to use one as a shield, 262; hafa e-n at ginningar-fifli, auga-bragði, háði, hlátri, Hm. 133, Nj. 224, passim.
    IV. to have, hold, maintain, of a state or condition; hafa vináttu við e-n, to maintain friendship with one, Sks. 662; hafa vanmátt, to continue sick, Eg. 565; hafa hættu-mikit, to run a great risk, Nj. 149; hafa vitfirring, to be insane, Grág. i. 154; hafa heilindi, to have good health, 26, Hm. 67; hafa burði til e-s, to have the birthright to a thing. Eg. 479; hafa hug, áræði, hyggindi, to have the courage …, Hom. 28; hafa vit ( to know), skyn, greind … á e-u, to have understanding of a thing; hafa gaman, gleði, skemtun, ánægju af e-u, to have interest or pleasure in a thing; hafa leiða, ógeð, andstygð, hatr, óbeit á e-u, to dislike, be disgusted with, hate a thing; hafa elsku, mætr, virðing á e-u, to love, esteeem … a thing; hafa allan hug á e-u, to bend the mind to a thing; hafa grun á e-m, to suspect one; hafa ótta, beyg af e-u, to fear a thing; and in numberless other phrases.
    2. with prepp.:
    α. hafa e-t frammi (fram), to carry out, hold forth; hafa frammi róg, Nj. 166; hafa mál fram, to proceed with a suit, 101; stefnu-för, 78; heitstrengingar, Fms. xi. 103; ok öll lögmælt skil frammi hafa, and discharge all one’s official duties, 232; var um búit en ekki fram haft, all was made ready, but nothing done, viii. 113; beini má varla verða betri en hér er frammi hafðr, xi. 52; hafðú í frammi ( use) kúgan við þá uppi við fjöllin, Ísl. ii. 215; margir hlutir, þó at hann hafi í frammi, Sks. 276.
    β. hafa mikit, lítið fyrir e-u, to have much, little trouble about a thing; (hence fyrir-höfn, trouble.)
    γ. hafa við e-m (afl or the like understood), to be a match for one, Fms. vii. 170, Lv. 109, Nj. 89, Eg. 474, Anal. 176; hafa mikit, lítið við, to make a great, little display; (hence við-höfn, display, pomp); hann söng messu ok hafði mikit við, he sang mass and made a great thing of it, Nj. 157; þú hefir mikit við, thou makest a great show of it, Boll. 351; hann bað jarl leita, hann hafði lítið við þat, he did it lightly, Nj. 141; haf ekki slíkt við, do not say so, Ld. 182.
    B. To take, carry off, win, wield, [closely akin to Lat. capere]:
    I. to catch, take, esp. in the phrase, hafa ekki e-s, to miss one; hann kemsk á skóg undan, ok höfðu þeir hans ekki, he took to the forest and they missed him, Nj. 130; ekki munu vér hans hafa at sinni, we sha’nt catch him at present, Fms. vi. 278; hafða ek þess vætki vífs, Hm. 101; þeygi ek hana at heldr hefik, 95: in swearing, tröll, herr, gramir hafi þik, the trolls, ghosts, etc. take thee! tröll hafi líf, ef …, Kormak; tröll hafi Trefót allan! Grett. (in a verse); tröll hafi þína vini, tröll hafi hól þitt, Nj.; herr hafi Þóri til slægan, confound the wily Thorir! Fms. vi. 278, v. l. (emended, as the phrase is wrongly explained in Fms. xii. Gloss.); gramir hafi þik! vide gramr.
    II. to carry, carry off, bring; hafði einn hjartað í munni sér, one carried the heart off in his mouth, Nj. 95; hann hafði þat ( brought it) norðan með sér, Eg. 42; hafði Þórólfr heim marga dýrgripi, 4; hann hafði með sér skatt allan, 62; skaltú biðja hennar ok hafa hana heim hingat, Edda 22; fé þat er hann hafði ( had) út haft ( carried from abroad), Gullþ. 13; á fimm hestum höfðu þeir mat, Nj. 74; bókina er hann hafði ( had) út haft, Fms. vii. 156; konungr hafði biskup norðr til Björgynjar með sér, viii. 296; biskup lét hann hafa með sér kirkju-við ok járn-klukku, Landn. 42; hann hafði með sér skulda-lið sitt ok búferli, Eb. 8; hann tók ofan hofit, ok hafði með sér flesta viðu, id.; ok hafa hana í brott, Fms. i. 3; tekr upp barnit, ok hefir heim með sér, Ísl. ii. 20; hann hafði lög út hingat ór Noregi, he brought laws hither from Norway, Íb. 5; haf þú heim hvali til bæjar, Hým. 26; ok hafa hann til Valhallar, Nj. 119.
    III. to take, get; hann hafði þá engan mat né drykk, he took no food nor drink, Eg. 602; hann hafði eigi svefn, he got no sleep, Bs. i. 139.
    2. to get, gain, win; öfluðu sér fjár, ok höfðu hlutskipti mikit, Eg. 4; eigi þarftú at biðja viðsmjörs þess, þvíat hann mun þat alls ekki hafa, né þú, for neither he nor thou shall get it, Blas. 28; jarl vill hafa minn fund, he will have a meeting with me, 40, Skv. 1. 4: the sayings, hefir sá jafnan er hættir, he wins that risks, ‘nothing venture, nothing have,’ Hrafn. 16; sá hefir krás er krefr, Sl. 29.
    3. phrases, hafa meira hlut, to get the better lot, gain the day, Nj. 90, Fms. xi. 93; hafa gagn, sigr, to gain victory, ix. 132, Eg. 7, Hkr. i. 215, Ver. 38; hafa betr, to get the better; hafa verr, miðr, to have the worst of it, Fms. v. 86, Þorst. S. St. 48, passim; hafa mál sitt, to win one’s suit, Grág. i. 7, Fms. vii. 34; hafa kaup öll, to get all the bargain, Eg. 71; hafa tafl, to win the game, Fms. vii. 219; hafa erendi, to do one’s errand, succeed, Þkv. 10, 11, Fas. ii. 517: hafa bana, to have one’s bane, to die, Nj. 8; hafa úsigr, to be worsted, passim; hafa úfrið, to have no peace; hafa gagn, sóma, heiðr, neisu, óvirðing, skömm, etc. af e-u, to get profit, gain, honour, disgrace, etc. from a thing; hafa e-n í helju, to put one to death, Al. 123; hafa e-n undir, to get one under, subdue him, Nj. 95, 128; höfum eigi, sigrinn ór hendi, let not victory slip out of our hands, Fms. v. 294.
    4. to get, receive; hann hafði góðar viðtökur, Nj. 4; hón skal hafa sex-tigi hundraða, 3; skyldi Högni hafa land, 118; selja skipit, ef hann hafði þat fyrir ( if he could get for it) sem hann vildi; Flosi spurði í hverjum aurum hann vildi fyrir hafa, hann kvaðsk vildu fyrir hafa land, 259; hafa tíðindi, sögur af e-m, to have, get tidings of or from one, Ld. 28; hafa sæmd, metorð óvirðing, to get honour, disgrace from one’s hands, Nj. 101; hafa bætr, to get compensation, Grág. i. 188; hafa innstæðuna eina, id.; hafa af e-m, to have the best of one, cheat one.
    IV. to carry, wear, of clothes, ornaments, weapons:
    1. of clothes, [cp. Lat. habitus and Icel. höfn = gear]; hafa hatt á höfði, Ld. 28; hafa váskufl yztan klæða, … þú skalt hafa undir ( wear beneath) hin góðu klæði þín, Nj. 32; hann hafði blán kyrtil, … hann hafði svartan kyrtil, Boll. 358; hafa fald á höfði, to wear a hood; hón hafði gaddan rautt á höfði, Orkn. 304; hann hafði um sik breitt belti, he wore a broad belt, Nj. 91; hafa fingr-gull á hendi, 146: to have about one’s person, vefja saman ok hafa í pungi sínum, Edda 27; hlutir sem mönnum var títt at hafa, Fms. xi. 128.
    2. of weapons, to wield, carry; spjót þat er þú hefir í hendi, Boll. 350; hafa kylfu í hendi sér, to have a club in one’s hand, Fms. xi. 129; hafa staf í hendi, to have a stick in the hand, Bárð.; Gunnarr hafði atgeirinn ok sverðit, Kolskeggr hafði saxit, Hjörtr hafði alvæpni, Nj. 93; hann hafdi öxi snaghyrnda, Boll. 358; hann hafði kesjuna fyrir sér, he held the lance in rest, Eg. 532.
    V. here may be added a few special phrases; hafa hendr fyrir sér, to grope, feel with the hands (as in darkness); hafa vit fyrir sér, to act wisely; hafa at sér hendina, to draw one’s hand back, Stj. 198; hafa e-t eptir, to do or repeat a thing after one, Konr.; hafa e-t yfir, to repeat (of a lesson): hafa sik, to betake oneself; hafa sik til annarra landa, Grett. 9 new Ed.; hann vissi varla hvar hann átti at hafa sik, he knew not where ( whither) to betake himself, Bs. i. 807; hefir hann sik aptr á stað til munklífisins, Mar.
    C. Passing into the sense of hefja (see at the beginning); hafa e-t uppi, to heave up, raise; hafa flokk uppi, to raise a party, to rebel, Fb. ii. 89: hafa uppi færi, net, a fisherman’s term, to heave up, take up the net or line, Háv. 46; Skarphéðinn hafði uppi ( heaved up) öxina, Nj. 144: hafa uppi tafl, to play at a game, Vápn. 29; þar vóru mjök töfl uppi höfð ok sagna-skemtan, Þorf. Karl. 406, v. l.: hafa e-n uppi, to hold one up, bring him to light; svá máttu oss skjótast uppi hafa, Fær. 42: metaph. to reveal, vándr riddari hafði allt þegar uppi, Str. 10.
    2. with the notion to begin; Bárðr hafði uppi orð sín ( began his suit) ok bað Sigríðar, Eg. 26, Eb. 142; hafa upp stefnu, to begin the summons, Boll. 350; hafa upp ræður, to begin a discussion; ræður þær er hann hafði uppi haft við Ingigerði, Fms. iv. 144, where the older text in Ó. H. reads umræður þær er hann hafði upp hafit (from hefja), 59; cp. also Vsp., þat langniðja-tal mun uppi hafat (i. e. hafit) meðan öld lifir, 16, (cp. upp-haf, beginning); þó at ek hafa síðarr um-ræðu um hann, better þó at ek hafa (i. e. hefja) síðarr upp ræðu um hann, though I shall below treat of, discuss that, Skálda (Thorodd) 168; er lengi hefir uppi verit haft síðan (of a song), Nj. 135; cp. also phrases such as, hafa á rás, to begin running, take to one’s heels, Fms. iv. 120, ix. 490; næsta morgin hefir út fjörðinn, the next morning a breeze off land arose, Bs. ii. 48: opp. is the phrase, hafa e-t úti, to have done, finished; hafa úti sitt dags-verk, Fms. xi. 431; hafa úti sekt sína, Grett. 149.
    D. Passing into the sense of a lost strong verb, hafa, hóf (see at the beginning), to behave, do, act:
    I. with an adverb, hafa vel, ílla, or the like, to behave, and in some instances to do well or badly, be happy or unhappy,
    α. to behave; en nú vil ek eigi verr hafa en þú, Fms. iv. 342; þeir sögðu at konungr vildi verr hafa en þeir, 313; hefir þú ílla ór (málum or the like understood) haft við mik, Fs. 140; ólikr er Gísli öðrum í þolinmæði, ok hefir hann betr en vér, Gísl. 28.
    β. to do so and so (to be happy, unhappy); verr hafa þeir er trygðum slitu, Mkv. 3; ílla hefir sá er annan svíkr, 18; vel hefir sá er þat líða lætr, 6; vel hefir sá ( he is happy) er eigi bíðr slíkt íllt þessa heims, Fms. v. 145; hvílíkt hefir þú, how dost thou? Mar.; hafa hart, to do badly, to be wretched; at sál Þorgils mætti fyrir þær sakir eigi hart hafa, Sturl. iii. 292, Mar.; Ólafr hafði þá hölzti ílla, O. was very poorly, D. N. ii. 156; þykisk sá bezt hafa ( happiest) er fyrstr kemr heim, Fms. xi. 248; þá hefir hann bazt af hann þegir, i. e. that is the best he can do if he holds his tongue, Hm. 19; þess get ek at sá hafi verr ( he will make a bad bargain) er þik flytr, Nj. 128; úlfgi hefir ok vel, the wolf is in a bad plight, Ls. 39; mun sá betr hafa er eigi tekr við þér, id.; betr hefðir þú, ef …, thou wouldest do better, if …, Akv. 16.
    γ. adding sik; hafa sik vel, to behave well, Fms. x. 415, Stj. 436.
    II. with the prep. at, to do, act, (hence at-höfn, at-hæfi, act, doing); hann lét ekki til búa vígs-málit ok engan hlut at hafa, Nj. 71; en ef þeim þykkir of lítið féit tekit, þá skulu þeir hafa at hit sama, to act in the same way, Grág. ii. 267; hvatki es þeir hafa at, Fms. xi. 132; hann tók af þér konuna, en þú hafðir ekki at, but thou didst not stir, didst take it tamely, Nj. 33; bæði munu menn þetta kalla stórvirki ok íllvirki, en þó má nú ekki at hafa, but there is no help for it, 202; eigi sýnisk mér meðal-atferðar-leysi, at vér höfum eigi at um kvámur hans, i. e. that we submit tamely to his coming, Fs. 32: absol., viltú þess freista, ok vita þá hvat at hafi, wilt thou try and see how it will do? Bjarn. 27; en nú skaltú fara fyrir, ok vita hvat at hafi, Bs. i. 712.
    III. phrases, hafa hátt, to be noisy, talk loud, Fms. i. 66; við skulum ekki hafa hátt ( do not cry loud) hér er maðr á glugganum, a lullaby song; hafa lágt, to keep silent; hafa hægt, to keep quiet; hafa sik á (í) hófi, to compose oneself, Ls. 36; hafa í hótum við e-n, to use threatening ( foul) language, Fb. i. 312; hafa í glett við e-n, to banter one, Fms. viii. 289; hafa íllt at verki, to do a bad deed, Ísl. ii. 184.
    E. Passing into the sense of the verb hæfa (see at the beginning), to aim at, hit, with dat.:
    I. to hit; svá nær hafði hausinum, at …, the shot so nearly hit the head, that …, Fms. ii. 272; þat sama forað, sem henni hafði næst váða, those very precipices from which she had so narrow an escape, Bs. i. 200, Fms. ix. 357; nær hafði nú, at skjótr mundi verða okkarr skilnaðr, Al. 124; nær hafði okkr nú, it struck near us, it was a narrow escape, Fms. viii. 281; kvaðsk svá dreymt hafa ( have dreamed), at þeim mundi nær hafa, ix. 387, v. l.; ok er nær hafði at skipit mundi fljóta, when the ship was on the point of floating, Ld. 58; ok hafði svá nær (it was within a hair’s breadth), at frændr Þorvalds mundu ganga at honum, Nj. 160; ok hafði svá nær at þeir mundi berjask, Íb. 11, cp. Bs. i. 21: the phrase, fjarri hefir, far from it! Edda (in a verse).
    2. to charge; eigi em ek þar fyrir sönnu hafðr, I am not truly aimed at for that, ‘tis a false charge, Eg. 64; þeim manni er fyrir sökum er hafðr, i. e. the culprit, Grág. i. 29; cp. the mod. phrase, hafa á e-u, to make a charge of a thing; það varð ekki á því haft, they could not make a case for a charge of it.
    II. metaph. to be the ground or reason for, (hence til-hæfa, reason, fact, foundation); til þess ætla vitrir menn þat haft at Ísland sé Tile (i. e. Thule) kallað, at …, learned men suppose that is the reason that Iceland is called Thule, that …, Landn. (pref.); mikit mun til haft, er einmæli er um (there must be some reason for it, because all people say so), Þorgils segir, eigi er fyrir haft ( there is no ground whatever for it), at ek mæla betr fyrir griðum en aðrir menn, Ísl. ii. 379; vér hyggjum þat til þess haft vera, at þar hafi menn sésk, we believe the substance of the story is that men have been seen there, Fms. xi. 158; hvat er til þess haft um þat (what is the truth of the matter?), hefir sundr-þykki orðit með ykkr? Boll. 364: in the saying, hefir hverr til síns ágætis nokkut, every one gets his reputation for something, Nj. 115.
    2. to happen, coincide; hefir svá til, at hann var þar sjálfr, Fms. xi. 138, v. l.
    β. the phrase, hafa mikit (lítið) til síns máls, to have much ( little) reason for one’s tale, i. e. to be much, little, in the right, Fms. vii. 221, xi. 138 (v. l.), Nj. 88: um þenna hefir svá stórum, it matters so much with this man, (v. l. for mun stórum skipta), Fms. xi. 311.
    F. REFLEX. to keep, dwell, abide, but only of a temporary shelter or abode, cp. Lat. habitare, (cp. also höfn, a haven); hann hefsk á náttartíma niðri í vötnum, at night-time he keeps down in the water, Stj. 77: to live, þeir höfðusk mjök í kaupferðum, they spent much of their life in travelling, Hkr. i. 276; hann hafðisk löngum í bænum, Bs. i. 353.
    β. with prep. við; hér mun ek við hafask ( I will stay here) en þú far til konungs, Fb. ii. 125; hafðisk hann við á skógum eðr í öðrum fylgsnum, 302; því at hann hafðisk þá á skipum við, Fms. viii. 44; hvílsk heldr ok hafsk við í því landi, rest and stay in that land, Stj. 162; Ásgeirr hafðisk við uppi í dalnum, Sd. 154; hafask lind fyrir, to cover oneself with a shield (?), Vsp. 50; hafask hlífar fyrir, to be mailed in armour, Hkm. 11.
    2. hafask at, to do, behave (cp. D. above); vóru þeir þá svá móðir, at þeir máttu ekki at hafask, Fms. ii. 149; en síðan skulut þér at hafa slíkt sem ek kann fyrir segja, i. 158; þat eitt munu við at hafask, at ek mun betr göra en þú, Nj. 19; Lambi sá hvat Steinarr hafðisk at, Eg. 747.
    3. hafask vel, to do well, thrive; vaxa ok vel hafask, to wax and do well, Hm. 142; nú er þat bæn mín, at þér hafisk við vel, that you bear yourself well up, Fms. ix. 497; Jungfrúin hafðisk vel við í ferðinni, x. 86; at fé hans mundi eigi hafask at betr at meðal-vetri, Grág. ii. 326.
    4. recipr., hafask orð við, to speak to one another; ok er þat ósiðlegt, at menn hafisk eigi orð við, Fs. 14; þar til er þeir hafask réttar tölur við, N. G. L. i. 182.
    II. part. hafandi is used in the sense of having conceived, being with child; þá verit hann varr við at hón var hafandi, 656 B. 14; hón skyldi verða hafandi at Guðs syni, id.; generally, allt þat er hafanda var lét burð sinn ok ærðisk, Fms. vii. 187; svá sem hón verðr at honum hafandi, Stj. 178; (hence barns-hafandi, being with child.)
    G. The word hafa is in the Icel., as in other Teut. languages, used as an auxiliary verb with a part. pass. of another verb, whereby a compound preterite and pluperfect are formed as follows:
    I. in transitive verbs with acc. the participle also was put in acc., agreeing in gender, number, and case with the objective noun or pronoun; this seems to have been a fixed rule in the earliest time, and is used so in all old poems down at least to the middle of the 11th century, to the time of Sighvat (circ. A. D. 990–1040), who constantly used the old form,—átt is an apostrophe for átta in the verse Ó. H. 81:
    1. references from poets, Gm. 5, 12, 16; þá er forðum mik fædda höfðu, Vsp. 2; hverr hefði lopt lævi blandit eðr ætt jötuns Óðs mey gefna, 29; þær’s í árdaga áttar höfðu, 60: ek hafða fengna konungs reiði, Ad. 3; en Grjótbjörn um gnegðan hefir, 18; mik hefir marr miklu ræntan, Stor. 10; þó hefir Míms-vinr mér um fengnar bölva bætr, 22: gaupur er Haraldr hafi sveltar, Hornklofi: Loka mær hefir leikinn allvald, Ýt. 7; sá hafði borinn brúna-hörg, 14; jarlar höfðu veginn hann, 15: ek hef orðinn ( found) þann guðföðr (verða is here used as trans.), Hallfred; höfum kera framðan, id.: hann hefir litnar, sénar, hár bárur, Ísl. ii. 223, thus twice in a verse of A. D. 1002; göngu hefik of gengna, Korm. (in a verse); hann hafði farna för, Hkr. i. (Glum Geirason); ek hefi talðar níu orustur, Sighvat; þú hefir vanðan þik, id.; ér hafit rekna þá braut, Ó. H. 63 (Óttar Svarti); hann hefir búnar okkr hendr skrautliga, Sighvat (Ó. H. 13); þeir hafa færð sín höfuð Knúti, id.; hvar hafit ér hugðan mér sess, id.; hafa sér kenndan enn nørðra heims enda, id.; Sighvatr hefir lattan gram, id.; hefir þú hamar um fólginn, Þkv. 7, 8; þú hefir hvatta okkr, Gkv. 6; ek hefi yðr brennda, Am. 39, cp. 56; hefi ek þik minntan, 81; hefir þú hjörtu tuggin, Akv. 36; hefir þú mik dvalðan, Hbl. 51; ek hefi hafðar þrár, I have had throes, Fsm. 51; en ek hann görvan hef-k, svá hefi ek studdan, 12 (verse 13 is corrupt); hann hefir dvalða þik, Hkv. Hjörv. 29; lostna, 30; mik hefir sóttan meiri glæpr, 32; ek hefi brúði kerna, id.; þú hefir etnar úlfa krásir, opt sár sogin, Hkv. 1. 36; sá er opt hefir örnu sadda, 35; hefir þú kannaða koni óneisa, 23; þá er mik svikna höfðut, Skv. 3. 55; hann hafði getna sonu, Bkv. 8; þann sal hafa halir um görvan, Fm. 42; bróður minn hefir þú benjaðan, 25; er hann ráðinn hefir, 37; sjaldan hefir þú gefnar vargi bráðir, Eg. (in a verse).
    2. references from prose; this old form has since been turned into an indecl. neut. sing. part. -it. The old form was first lost in the strong verbs and the weak verbs of the first conjugation: in the earliest prose both forms are used, although the indecl. is more freq. even in the prose writers, as Íb., the Heiðarv. S., the Miracle-book in Bs., Njála, Ó. H., (Thorodd seems only to use the old form,) as may be seen from the following references, Björn hafði særða þrjá menn, Nj. 262; hann mundi hana hafa gipta honum, 47; hann hafði þá leidda saman hestana, 264: ek hefi sendan mann, Ísl. (Heiðarv. S.) ii. 333; ek nefi senda menn, id.: hafa son sinn ór helju heimtan, Bs. (Miracle-book) i. 337; en er þeir höfðu niðr settan sveininn, 349; hann hafði veidda fimm tegu fiska, 350: er þér hefir ílla neisu gorva, Ó. H. 107: þá hefi ek fyrri setta þá í stafrófi, Skálda (Thorodd) 161; þar hefi ek við görva þessa stafi fjóra, id.; hafa hann samsettan, 167: góða fylgd hefir þú mér veitta, Þorst Síðu H. 2: sagði, at Ólafr konungr hafði sendan hann, Bs. i. 11: Þyri, er hertogi hafði festa nauðga, Fms. x. 393 (Ágrip): hefi ek þá svá signaða ok magnaða, v. 236: hefir sólin gengna tvá hluti, en einn úgenginn, K. Þ. K. 92 (Lund’s Syntax, p. 12).
    β. again, neut. indecl., hana hafði átt fyrr Þoróddr, Ísl. ii. 192: hón hafði heimt húskarl sinn …, Ísl. (Heiðarv. S.) ii. 339; hann hefir ekki svá vel gyrt hest minn, 340; hefir þú eigi séð mik, 341; hve hann hafði lokkat hann. id.; gistingar hefi ek yðr fengit, 343: þeir höfðu haft úfrið ok orrostur, Íb. 12; hann hafði tekið lögsögu, 14: stafr er átt hafði Þorlákr, Bs. (Miracle-book) i. 340; er þær höfðu upp tekit ketilinn ok hafit …, 342; göngu es hann hafði gingit, 344; es sleggjuna hafði niðr fellt, 346; sem maðr hefði nýsett (hana) niðr, id.; jartein þá er hann þóttisk fingit hafa, 347; hafði prestrinn fært fram sveininn, 349: hjálm er Hreiðmarr hafði átt, Edda 73: hafa efnt sína heitstrenging, Fms. (Jómsv. S.) xi. 141: slíkan dóm sem hann hafði mér hugat, Ó. H. 176, etc. passim:—at last the inflexion disappeared altogether, and so at the present time the indecl. neut. sing. is used throughout; yet it remains in peculiar instances, e. g. konu hefi eg mér festa, Luke xiv. 20, cp. Vídal. ii. 21. ☞ This use of the inflexive part. pass. may often serve as a test of the age of a poem, e. g. that Sólarljóð was composed at a later date may thus be seen from verses 27, 64, 72, 73, 75, 79; but this test is to be applied with caution, as the MSS. have in some cases changed the true forms (-inn, -ann, and -it, -an being freq. abbreviated in the MSS. so as to render the reading dubious). In many cases the old form is no doubt to be restored, e. g. in vegit to veginn, Fm. 4, 23; búit to búinn, Hkv. Hjörv. 15; borit to borinn, Hkv. 1. 1; beðit to beðinn, Fsm. 48; orðit to orðin, Og. 23; roðit to roðinn, Em. 5; brotið to brotinn, Vkv. 24, etc.: but are we to infer from Ls. 23, 26, 33, that this poem is of a comparatively late age?
    II. the indecl. neut. sing. is, both in the earliest poems and down to the present day, used in the following cases:
    1. with trans. verbs requiring the dat. or gen.; ek hefi fengit e-s, hann hafði fengit konu; hafa hefnt e-s, Fms. xi. 25; sú er hafði beðit fjár, Þkv. 32; stillir hefir stefnt mér, Hkv. Hjörv. 33, and so in endless cases.
    2. in the reflex. part. pass.; þeir (hann) hafa (hefir) látisk, farisk, sagsk, etc.
    3. in part. of intrans. neut. verbs, e. g. þeir þær (hann, hón), hafa (hefir) setið, staðit, gengit, legit, farit, komit, verit, orðit, lifað, dáit, heitið …, also almost in every line both of prose and poetry.
    4. in trans. verbs with a neut. sing. in objective case the difference cannot be seen.
    ☞ The compound preterite is common to both the Romance and Teutonic languages, and seems to be older in the former than in the latter; Grimm suggests that it originated with the French, and thence spread to the Teutons. That it was not natural to the latter is shewn by the facts, that
    α. no traces of it are found in Gothic, nor in the earliest Old High German glossaries to Latin words.
    β. in the earliest Scandinavian poetry we can trace its passage from declinable to indeclinable.
    γ. remains are left in poetry of a primitive uncompounded preterite infinitive, e. g. stóðu = hafa staðit, mundu, skyldu, vildu, etc., see Gramm. p. xxv, col. 2. ☞ We may here note a curious dropping of the verb hefir, at ek em kominn hingat til lands, ok verit áðr ( having been) langa hríð utan-lands, Ó. H. 31, cp. Am. 52; barn at aldri, en vegit slíka hetju sem Þorvaldr var, Glúm. 382. On this interesting matter see Grimm’s remarks in his Gramm. iv. 146 sqq.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HAFA

  • 30 придвигать

    придвинуть (вн.)
    move (up) (d.), draw* up (d.)

    придвинуть к себе тарелку — move / draw* / pull the plate towards one

    придвинуть стул поближе — move / draw* / pull the chair nearer

    Русско-английский словарь Смирнитского > придвигать

  • 31 придвигать

    несов. - придвига́ть, сов. - придви́нуть; (вн.)
    move (up) (d), draw up (d)

    придви́нуть стол к стене́ — move the table up to the wall

    придви́нуть к себе́ таре́лку — move / draw / pull the plate towards one

    придви́нуть стул побли́же — move / draw / pull the chair nearer

    Новый большой русско-английский словарь > придвигать

  • 32 drag

    سَحَبَ \ drag: to pull with difficulty (sth. or sb. heavy or unwilling to move): We dragged the fallen tree off the road. I dragged my son out of bed. draw (drew, drawn): to obtain (money from a bank, pay from one’s employer, water from a well, etc.). pull: (the opposite of push) to draw (sth.) towards oneself: Pull the rope to ring the bell. Don’t pull so hard, or you’ll break it. retract: to take back (sth. said before): She retracted her statement, because she had got the facts wrong. revoke: to take back (an official order, decision, etc.). tow: to pull with a rope (a vehicle or boat): The damaged car was towed away. withdraw: to take back (an offer, money from the bank, soldiers, from a battle, etc.). \ See Also جر (جَرَّ)، ألغى (أَلْغَى)، تَراجَعَ (عن أقواله)، استرد (اِسْتَرَدَّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > drag

  • 33 pull

    سَحَبَ \ drag: to pull with difficulty (sth. or sb. heavy or unwilling to move): We dragged the fallen tree off the road. I dragged my son out of bed. draw (drew, drawn): to obtain (money from a bank, pay from one’s employer, water from a well, etc.). pull: (the opposite of push) to draw (sth.) towards oneself: Pull the rope to ring the bell. Don’t pull so hard, or you’ll break it. retract: to take back (sth. said before): She retracted her statement, because she had got the facts wrong. revoke: to take back (an official order, decision, etc.). tow: to pull with a rope (a vehicle or boat): The damaged car was towed away. withdraw: to take back (an offer, money from the bank, soldiers, from a battle, etc.). \ See Also جر (جَرَّ)، ألغى (أَلْغَى)، تَراجَعَ (عن أقواله)، استرد (اِسْتَرَدَّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > pull

  • 34 retract

    سَحَبَ \ drag: to pull with difficulty (sth. or sb. heavy or unwilling to move): We dragged the fallen tree off the road. I dragged my son out of bed. draw (drew, drawn): to obtain (money from a bank, pay from one’s employer, water from a well, etc.). pull: (the opposite of push) to draw (sth.) towards oneself: Pull the rope to ring the bell. Don’t pull so hard, or you’ll break it. retract: to take back (sth. said before): She retracted her statement, because she had got the facts wrong. revoke: to take back (an official order, decision, etc.). tow: to pull with a rope (a vehicle or boat): The damaged car was towed away. withdraw: to take back (an offer, money from the bank, soldiers, from a battle, etc.). \ See Also جر (جَرَّ)، ألغى (أَلْغَى)، تَراجَعَ (عن أقواله)، استرد (اِسْتَرَدَّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > retract

  • 35 revoke

    سَحَبَ \ drag: to pull with difficulty (sth. or sb. heavy or unwilling to move): We dragged the fallen tree off the road. I dragged my son out of bed. draw (drew, drawn): to obtain (money from a bank, pay from one’s employer, water from a well, etc.). pull: (the opposite of push) to draw (sth.) towards oneself: Pull the rope to ring the bell. Don’t pull so hard, or you’ll break it. retract: to take back (sth. said before): She retracted her statement, because she had got the facts wrong. revoke: to take back (an official order, decision, etc.). tow: to pull with a rope (a vehicle or boat): The damaged car was towed away. withdraw: to take back (an offer, money from the bank, soldiers, from a battle, etc.). \ See Also جر (جَرَّ)، ألغى (أَلْغَى)، تَراجَعَ (عن أقواله)، استرد (اِسْتَرَدَّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > revoke

  • 36 tow

    سَحَبَ \ drag: to pull with difficulty (sth. or sb. heavy or unwilling to move): We dragged the fallen tree off the road. I dragged my son out of bed. draw (drew, drawn): to obtain (money from a bank, pay from one’s employer, water from a well, etc.). pull: (the opposite of push) to draw (sth.) towards oneself: Pull the rope to ring the bell. Don’t pull so hard, or you’ll break it. retract: to take back (sth. said before): She retracted her statement, because she had got the facts wrong. revoke: to take back (an official order, decision, etc.). tow: to pull with a rope (a vehicle or boat): The damaged car was towed away. withdraw: to take back (an offer, money from the bank, soldiers, from a battle, etc.). \ See Also جر (جَرَّ)، ألغى (أَلْغَى)، تَراجَعَ (عن أقواله)، استرد (اِسْتَرَدَّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > tow

  • 37 withdraw

    سَحَبَ \ drag: to pull with difficulty (sth. or sb. heavy or unwilling to move): We dragged the fallen tree off the road. I dragged my son out of bed. draw (drew, drawn): to obtain (money from a bank, pay from one’s employer, water from a well, etc.). pull: (the opposite of push) to draw (sth.) towards oneself: Pull the rope to ring the bell. Don’t pull so hard, or you’ll break it. retract: to take back (sth. said before): She retracted her statement, because she had got the facts wrong. revoke: to take back (an official order, decision, etc.). tow: to pull with a rope (a vehicle or boat): The damaged car was towed away. withdraw: to take back (an offer, money from the bank, soldiers, from a battle, etc.). \ See Also جر (جَرَّ)، ألغى (أَلْغَى)، تَراجَعَ (عن أقواله)، استرد (اِسْتَرَدَّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > withdraw

  • 38 यु


    yu
    1) (cf. yuch) cl. 3. P. yuyóti (Impv. 2. sg. yuyodhí RV. ;

    yuyudhi Pāṇ. 3-4, 88 Sch. ;
    2. du. yuyotam orﾠ yuyutám RV. ;
    2. pl. yuyóta orﾠ - tana ib. ;
    Ā. Subj. 2. sg. yuyothās ib. ;
    Ā. impf. 3. pl. ayuvanta AV. ;
    aor. P. yaus, ayaushīt;
    Subj. yoshati, yoshat RV. ;
    yūshat AV. ;
    yūyāt, yūyātām Br. ;
    yūyot RV. ;
    yāvīs ib. ;
    Ā. yoshṭhās Br. ;
    yavanta RV. ;
    Pass. áyāvi ib. ;
    inf. yótave, - tavaí, - tos ib. ;
    - yāvam AV.), to separate, keep orﾠ drive away, ward off (acc.), exclude orﾠ protect from (abl.) RV. AV. VS. Br. ;
    to keep aloof, to be orﾠ remain separated from (abl.) RV. AV. ṠāṇkhṠr.:
    Caus. yaváyati orﾠ yāváyati, to cause to separate orﾠ remove orﾠ keep off etc. RV. AV. VS. ṠBr.:
    Intens. yoyavīti (impf. áyoyavīt;
    p. yóyuvat), to retreat back, recede RV. ;
    to be rent, gape asunder ib. ;
    to keep off from (abl.) MaitrS. ;
    2) (cf. yuj) cl. 2. P. Dhātup. XXIV, 23 ;
    yauti (Ved. alsoﾠ Ā. yuté andﾠ cl. 6. yuváti, - te;
    accord. toﾠ Dhātup. XXXI, 9 alsoﾠ cl. 9. yunāti, yunīte;
    pf. yuyāva, 2. sg. yuyavitha Pāṇ. 6-4, 126 Sch. ;
    yuyuvé RV. ;
    aor. - yāvishṭam (?) ib. ;
    ayavishṭa Gr.;
    Prec. yūyāt ib. ;
    fut. yuvitā ṠBr. ;
    yavitā, yavishyati, - te Gr.;
    ind. p. yutvā Pāṇ. 7-2, 11 Sch. ;
    - yūya RV. ;
    - yutya GṛṠrS.), to unite, attach, harness, yoke, bind, fasten RV. ;
    to draw towards one's self, take hold orﾠ gain possession of, hold fast AV. TS. ṠBr. ;
    to push on towards (acc.) AV. ;
    to confer orﾠ bestow upon (dat.), procure RV. ;
    ( yauti), to worship, honour Naigh. III, 14:
    Pass. yūyate (aor. ayāvi) Gr.:
    Caus. yāvayati (aor. ayīyavat) ib.:
    Desid. of Caus. yiyāvayishati ib.:
    Desid. yúyūshati ( RV.), yiyavishati (Gr.), to wish to unite orﾠ hold fast:
    Intens. yoyūyate, yoyoti, yoyavīti etc. ( seeﾠ ā-, ni-yu)
    yú
    3) mfn. (yā) going, moving RV. I, 74, 7; X, 176, 3 (VIII, 18, 13 ?)

    4) the actual base of the du. andﾠ pl. numbers of the 2nd pers. pron. ( seeﾠ yushmad)

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > यु

  • 39 अभिधा _abhidhā

    1
    अभिधा 3 U.
    1 (a) To say, speak, tell (with acc. rarely with dat.); सा तथ्यमेवाभिहिता भवेन Ku.3.63; Ms.1.42; Bk.7.78. य इदं परमं गुह्यं मद्भक्तेष्वभिधास्यति Bg.18.68. (b) To denote, express or convey directly or primarily (as sense &c.); state, mention, set forth; साक्षात्संकेतितं यो$र्थमभिधत्ते स वाचकः K. P.2; तन्नाम येनाभि- दधाति सत्त्वम्. (c) To speak or say to, address.
    -2 To name, call, designate; usually in pass. (-धीयते); इदं शरीरं कौन्तेय क्षेत्रमित्यभिधीयते Bg.13.1.
    -3 To lay or put on, fasten, bind; to overlay, load; assail; receive, comprehend, include; to draw oneself towards, hold, support (mostly Ved. in these senses.)
    2
    अभिधा a. Ved. Naming; praised, invoked. अभिधा असि भुवनमसि यन्तासि धर्ता Vāj.22.3. n.
    1 A name, appe- llation; oft. in comp.; कुसुमवसन्ताद्यभिधः S. D.
    -2 A word, sound.
    -3 The literal power or sense of a word, denotation, one of the three powers of a word; वाच्यो$र्थो$ भिधया बोध्यः S. D.2. "the expressed meaning is that which is conveyed to the understanding by the word's denotation", for it is this अभिधा that conveys to the understanding the meaning which belongs to the word by common consent or convention (संकेत) (which primarily made it a word at all); स मुख्यो$र्थस्तत्र मुख्यो यो व्यापारो$स्याभिधोच्यते K. P.2.
    -Comp. -ध्वंसिन् a. losing one's name.
    -मूल a. founded on a word's denotation or literal meaning.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > अभिधा _abhidhā

  • 40 blasa

    * * *
    (blæs; blés, blésum; blásinn), v.
    1) to blow, of the wind;
    blásandi byrr, a spanking breeze;
    2) to blow with the mouth (hann blés í kross yfir drykk sínum); to pant (hestrinn tók at frýsa ok blása);
    blása við to draw a deep breath, to sigh (jarl blés þá við mœðiliga);
    blés mœðiliga öndinni, breathed hard;
    blása e-m e-u í brjóst, to inspire, suggest a thing to one (guð blés henni því í brjóst);
    blása eldi, eitri, of serpents;
    blása lúðri, horni, to blow the trumpet, horn;
    blása liði (troops) til landgöngu;
    blása til stefnu, to a meeting;
    blása herblástr, to sound an alarm;
    5) to melt, cast (blása gullmálm, rauða);
    yxn tveir ór eiri blásnir (cast);
    6) to blow up, inflate (sem belgr blásinn);
    7) impers., blés upp fótinn, kviðinn, the leg, belly, swelled up;
    of land, to be laid bare, stripped of the turf (hafði blásit hauginn ok lá silfrit bert).
    * * *
    t; sup. blasað, [Engl. blaze], of places, in the phrase, b. við, to lie full and open before the eye (mod.)

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > blasa

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См. также в других словарях:

  • draw hoe — noun A hoe designed for pulling soil towards one, having a flat blade at about right angles to the handle • • • Main Entry: ↑draw …   Useful english dictionary

  • draw — (dr[add]), v. t. [imp. {Drew} (dr[udd]); p. p. {Drawn} (dr[add]n); p. pr. & vb. n. {Drawing}.] [OE. dra[yogh]en, drahen, draien, drawen, AS. dragan; akin to Icel. & Sw. draga, Dan. drage to draw, carry, and prob. to OS. dragan to bear, carry, D.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Draw — Draw, v. i. 1. To pull; to exert strength in drawing anything; to have force to move anything by pulling; as, a horse draws well; the sails of a ship draw well. [1913 Webster] Note: A sail is said to draw when it is filled with wind. [1913… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • One Fine Day (IPTV series) — One Fine Day Format Sitcom Created by Derek Klein Marc Morin Jr. Developed by Derek Klein Marc Morin Jr. Starring Bob Dignan Daniel Papas Elisha Reichert Kevin Zaidaman Brittney Refakes Betsy Trevarthen Jessica DiLibe …   Wikipedia

  • One (U2 song) — One Single by U2 from the album Achtung Baby B side Lady With the Sp …   Wikipedia

  • One in a Million (Ne-Yo song) — One in a Million Single by Ne Yo from the album Libra Scale Released …   Wikipedia

  • One Europe Magazine — is a European students magazine, written by AEGEE members, that acts an international forum for discussions about the variety of different opinions on political, historical and cultural themes within Europe. Its goal is to establish a platform… …   Wikipedia

  • draw — 1 verb past tense drew, past participle drawn PICTURE/DESCRIPTION 1 WITH PENCIL (I, T) to make a picture of something with a pencil or pen: Can I draw your portrait? | I ve never been able to draw well. | draw sb sth/draw sth for sb: Hans drew… …   Longman dictionary of contemporary English

  • draw — v. & n. v. (past drew; past part. drawn) 1 tr. pull or cause to move towards or after one. 2 tr. pull (a thing) up, over, or across. 3 tr. pull (curtains etc.) open or shut. 4 tr. take (a person) aside, esp. to talk to. 5 tr. attract; bring to… …   Useful english dictionary

  • draw — [c]/drɔ / (say draw) verb (drew /dru / (say drooh), drawn, drawing) –verb (t) 1. (sometimes followed by along, away, in, out …  

  • One Laptop per Child — OLPC redirects here. For other uses, see OLPC (disambiguation). One Laptop per Child Formation January 2005 Type Non profit Headquarters Cambridge, Massachuset …   Wikipedia

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