to+cover+over

per-tĕgo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to cover all over (ante-class.).

Lit.:

villam,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 35:

Odeum navium malis et antemnis e spoliis Persicis pertexit,

Vitr. 5, 9 init. (al. pertexuit):

locus pertectus,

Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 1, 18.—

Trop.:

benefacta benefactis pertegito, ne perpluant,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 41.

prae-texo, xŭi, xtum, 3, v. a., to weave before or in front, to fringe, edge, border.

Lit. (mostly poet.):

purpura saepe tuos fulgens praetexit amictus,

Ov. P. 3, 8, 7:

glaucas comis praetexere frondes,

weave around, Val. Fl. 3, 436; Plin. 16, 1, 1, § 4:

praetexit arundine ripas Mincius,

Verg. E. 7, 12:

litora curvae Praetexunt puppes,

id. A. 6, 5:

fontem violis, Claud. Cons. Prob. et Olybr. 249: limina ramis, Rapt. Pros. 2, 320: ripam ulvis,

Aus. Idyll. 10, 45:

sicubi odoratas praetexit amaracus umbras,

spreads over, Col. 10, 297.—In mid. force:

utraeque nationes Rheno praetexuntur,

border on the Rhine, Tac. G. 34.—

Transf.

To place before or in front (syn.:

praetendo, praepono): in his voluminibus auctorum nomina praetexui, Plin. praef. § 21: auctores quos praetexuimus volumini huic,

id. 18, 25, 57, § 212:

tibi maximus honor excubare pro templis, postibusque praetexi,

i. e. that your statues stand before the temples, Plin. Pan. 52.—

To border, to furnish, provide, or adorn with any thing: ex primo versu cujusque sententiae primis litteris illius sententiae carmen omne praetexitur, the whole poem is bordered (like an acrostic) with the initial letters from the first verse of every sentence (oracle), Cic. Div. 2, 54, 112: omnia quae aguntur acerrime, lenioribus principiis natura praetexuit, has provided with, etc., id. de Or. 2, 78, 317:

praetexta quercu domus,

Ov. F. 4, 953; 5, 567:

summaque praetexat tenuis fastigia chartae, Indicet ut nomen, littera facta, meum,

let my name be inscribed upon it, Tib. 3, 1, 11.—

Trop.

To allege as an excuse, to pretend, to assign as a pretext (syn. causor):

cupiditatem triumphi,

Cic. Pis. 24, 56:

nomina speciosa,

Tac. H. 1, 72.—With acc. and inf.:

ubicumque ipsi essent, praetexentes esse rempublicam,

Vell. 2, 62, 3:

Tigellinus T. Vinii potentia defensus, praetexentis, servatam ab eo filiam,

Tac. H. 1, 72.—

To cover, cloak, conceal, disguise with any thing:

hoc praetexit nomine culpam,

Verg. A. 4, 172:

funera sacris,

id. ib. 4, 500:

fraudem blando risu,

Claud. Ruf. 1, 99.—Hence, praetextus, a, um, P. a., clothed with or wearing the toga praetexta:

praetextus senatus (for praetextā in dutus),

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 11:

pubes,

Aus. Prof. 18, 7.—

In partic.

Toga praetexta, and (post-Aug.) absol.: praetexta, ae, f., the outer garment, bordered with purple, worn at Rome by the higher magistrates and by free-born children till they assumed the toga virilis, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36; 2, 1, 44, § 113; id. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 2; Liv. 27, 37; 33, 42; Plin. 9, 39, 63, § 136; 33, 1, 4, § 10 et saep.: praetextā pullā nulli alii licebat uti, quam ei, qui funus faciebat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 236 Müll.—Hence,

praetexta, ae, f. (sc. fabula), a tragedy, because celebrated Romans (like Brutus, Decius, Marcellus) were represented in it:

nostri vestigia Graeca Ausi deserere, et celebrare domestica facta, Vel qui praetextas vel qui docuere togatas,

Hor. A. P. 286; Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3:

praetextam legere,

id. ib. 10, 32, 5.—

praetextum, i, n.

An ornament, as something wrought or fastened in front (post - Aug.):

pulcherrimum reipublicae praetextum,

Sen. Ep. 71, 9.—

A pretence, [p. 1436] pretext, excuse (post-Aug.; cf.:

species, simulatio): et praetextum quidem illi civilium armorum hoc fuit: causas autem alias fuisse opinantur,

Suet. Caes. 30: ad praetextum mutatae voluntatis, under pretext or color of, id. Aug. 12:

ipse Ravennam devertit praetexto classem alloquendi,

under pretext, Tac. H. 2, 100:

praetexto reipublicae,

id. ib. 3, 80; Sen. Contr. 4, 25, 14.

sub-sterno, strāvi, strātum, 3, v. a., to strew, scatter, spread, or lay under or beneath (class.; cf. subicio).

Lit.:

segetem ovibus,

Cato, R. R. 37, 2:

verbenas,

Ter. And. 4, 3, 12:

casias et nardi lenis aristas,

Ov. M. 15, 398; Plin. 20, 14, 56, § 158:

folia,

id. 20, 21, 84, § 226:

semina hordei,

Col. 5, 9, 9:

fucum marinum,

to spread underneath, lay as a ground - color, Plin. 26, 10, 66, § 103 (syn. sublino): se (mulier), to submit, in mal. part., Cat. 64, 403:

substratus Numida mortuo Romano,

stretched out under, lying under, Liv. 22, 51, 9: pelage late substrata, spread out or extended beneath, Lucr. 6, 619; 4, 411:

si forte lacus substratus Averni'st,

id. 6, 746; cf.:

natura insidians pontum substravit avaris,

Prop. 3 (4), 7, 37:

pullos,

i. e. to furnish them with a couch, Plin. 10, 33, 49, § 93.— Absol.:

male substravisse pecori,

Plin. 18, 23, 53, § 194.— Impers. pass.:

pecori diligenter substernatur,

Cato, R. R. 37, 2.—

Transf., to bestrew, spread over, cover any thing:

solum paleis,

Varr. R. R. 1, 57, 2:

gallinae nidos mollissime substernunt,

Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 129:

fundamenta carbonibus,

Plin. 36, 14, 21, § 95.—

Trop., to spread out, submit for examination, acceptance, etc.; to give up, surrender, prostitute:

omne concretum atque corporeum animo,

Cic. Univ. 8:

delicias,

Lucr. 2, 22; cf.:

pudicitiam alicui,

Suet. Aug. 68; Val. Max. 2, 7, 14.

sŭper-cĭlĭum, ii, n. [super and root kal-; Gr. kaluptô; Lat. celāre, to hide, cover; cf. Gr. kulon, epikulion, eyelid; cf. also, Ang.-Sax. hlid; Engl. lid; Germ. Augenlid]:

cilium est folliculus, quo oculus tegitur, unde fit supercilium,

Fest. p. 43 Müll.; Plin. 11, 37, 57, § 157.

Lit., the eye-brow (good prose; more freq. in the plur.).

Plur.:

ex superciliorum aut remissione aut contractione facile judicabimus, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 41, 146:

supercilia abrasa,

id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

superiora superciliis obducta sudorem a capite defluentem depellunt,

id. N. D. 2, 57, 143:

nec sedeo duris torva superciliis,

Ov. H. 16 (17), 16:

constricta,

Quint. 1, 11, 10:

torta,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 12:

conjuncta,

Suet. Aug. 79:

usque ad malarum scripturam currentia,

Petr. 126; Plin. 11, 37, 51, § 138:

balenae,

id. 9, 62, 88, § 186; Quint. 11, 3, 78; 11, 3, 79; 11, 3, 160:

mulieres potissimum supercilia sua attribuerunt ei deae (Junoni Lucinae),

Varr. L. L. 5, § 69 Müll.; cf. Fest. p. 305 ib.—

Sing.:

altero ad frontem sublato, altero ad mentum depresso supercilio,

Cic. Pis. 6, 14:

triste,

Lucr. 6, 1184:

altero erecto, altero composito supercilio,

Quint. 11, 3, 74:

quo supercilio spicit,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 100:

hirsutum,

Verg. E. 8, 34; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 94; Ov. A. A. 3, 201; Juv. 2, 93 al.:

supercilium salit (as a favorable omen),

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 105.—

Transf., the prominent part of a thing, the brow, ridge, summit (not ante-Aug.):

clivosi tramitis,

Verg. G. 1, 108:

tumuli,

Liv. 34, 29, 11:

infimo stare supercilio,

at the bottom of the projection, id. 27, 18, 10; cf. Stat. Th. 6, 63: supercilium quoddam excelsum nacti, Auct. B. Afr. 58, 1; Plin. 6, 5, 5, § 17.—In archit., a projecting moulding over the scotia of a column or cornice, Vitr. 3, 3 med.; a threshold, id. 4, 6, 5.—Of the coast of the sea:

supercilia ejus sinistra,

Amm. 22, 8, 8; the shore of a river:

Nili,

id. 14, 8, 5:

Rheni,

id. 14, 10, 6:

fluminis,

id. 17, 9, 1:

amnis,

App. M. 5, p. 169, 34.—

Trop.

The nod, the will:

cuncta supercilio movens,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 8; Claud. Ep. ad Ser. 2, 58.—

Pride, haughtiness, arrogance, sternness, superciliousness (class.; mostly sing.):

supercilium ac regius spiritus,

Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93; id. Sest. 8, 19; id. Red. in Sen. 7, 14; Sen. Ben. 2, 4, 1; Juv. 6, 169; 5, 62:

triste Catonis,

Mart. 11, 2, 1:

pone supercilium,

id. 1, 5, 2:

supercilii matrona severi,

Ov. Tr. 2, 309; cf.:

contegere libidines fronte et supercilio, non pudore et temperantiā,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 8.

sŭpĕr-extendo, ĕre, 3, v. a., to stretch over, cause to cover:

in aliquo cutem,

Vulg. Ezek. 37, 6. —

To stretch excessively:

nos,

Vulg. 2 Cor. 10, 14.

vēlum, i, n. [root var, to cover; cf. vellus, and v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 459], a cloth, covering, awning, curtain, veil:

tabernacula carbaseis intenta velis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30:

velis amictos non togis,

id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:

eadem (i. e. uxor) si quando recito, in proximo, discreta velo, sedet,

Plin. Ep. 4, 19, 3.—So of chamber-curtains, hangings, Suet. Claud. 10; Juv. 6, 228; 9, 105:

adlevare,

Sen. Ep. 80, 1.—Of the awnings stretched over the theatre or other public places as a protection from the sun, Lucr. 4, 75; Prop. 4 (5), 1, 15; Ov. A. A. 1, 103; Inscr. Orell. 2219; Val. Max. 2, 4, 6; cf. Plin. 19, 1, 6, § 23:

multis simulationum involucris tegitur et quasi velis quibusdam obtenditur unius cujusque natura,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 15.—

Esp., a sail (in good prose usually in plur.).

Plur.:

scindere vela,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 18:

ad id, unde aliquis flatus ostenditur, vela do,

Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 187:

dare,

id. Or. 23, 75; Liv. 31, 45, 11; Quint. 10, 3, 7; Hor. C. 1, 34, 4:

facere,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 9; Verg. A. 5, 281; cf.

fieri,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

pandere,

Quint. 6, 1, 52:

solvere,

Verg. A. 4, 574:

deducere,

Ov. M. 3, 663:

dirigere ad castra Corneliana,

Caes. B. C. 2, 25:

quo utinam velis passis pervehi liceat!

Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 119:

contrahere,

id. Att. 1, 16, 2; Quint. 12, praef. § 4; Hor. C. 2, 10, 24:

subducere, Auct. B. Alex. 45, 3: legere,

Verg. G. 1, 373:

tendunt vela Noti,

id. A. 3, 268:

ventis inplere,

id. ib. 7, [p. 1966] 23:

classem velis aptare,

id. ib. 3, 472.— Poet., of wings:

pennarum,

Lucr. 6, 744. —

Sing.:

navale velum,

Macr. S. 5, 21, 5:

in pontum vento secundo, velo passo pervenit,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 45; id. Mil. 4, 8, 7; id. Ep. 1, 1, 47; Verg. A. 1, 103; 1, 400; Ov. H. 13, 101:

pleno concita velo puppis,

id. M. 7, 491; 11, 483 al.—

Prov.: remis velisque, with oars and sails, i. e. with tooth and nail, with might and main:

res velis, ut ita dicam, remisque fugienda,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, 25; cf.:

remigio veloque quantum potis es festina et fuge,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 5 (cf. the similar phrase, remis ventisque, sub remus); cf.:

non agimur tumidis velis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 201:

plenissimis velis navigare,

Cic. Dom. 10, 24.—

Trop.:

utrum panderem vela orationis statim, an, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, 9:

dare vela Famae,

Mart. 8, 70, 6:

voti contrahe vela tui,

Ov. P. 1, 8, 72:

velis majoribus,

with more zeal, id. A. A. 2, 725; id. F. 2, 3:

in quo tu ingenii simul dolorisque velis latissime vectus es,

Plin. Ep. 4, 20, 2:

dedimus vela indignationi, dedimus irae,

id. ib. 6, 33, 10:

pande vela, ac, si quando alias, toto ingenio vehere,

id. ib. 8, 4, 5.