thief

fūruncŭlus, i, m. dim. [id.], a petty thief, pilferer (cf. furax).

Lit.:

olim furunculus, nunc etiam rapax,

Cic. Pis. 27, 66; Tert. adv. Marc. 3, 16.—

Transf.

A pointed, burning sore on the human body, a boil, furuncle, Cels. 5, 28, 8; Plin. 20, 13, 50, § 130.—

A germ or knob on a vine, so called from its shape, Col. 4, 22, 4; 4, 24, 5; Plin. 17, 22, 36, § 181.

grassor, ātus, 1 ( inf. pres. grassarier, Prud. Ham. 651; act. collat. form grassabamus, App. M. 7, 7), v. dep. n. and a. [gradior], to go, go about (not in Cic. and Cæs.; cf.: gradior, incedo, vado, pergo).

Lit.

In gen. (mostly ante-class.):

hoc grassari gradu,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 11:

siccine hic cum uvida veste grassabimur?

id. Rud. 1, 4, 31; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 19: sine eam pedibus grassari, Titin. ap. Non. 316, 3:

recte grassatur via,

Nov. ib. 5; Ov. Tr. 2, 477:

certum'st moriri, quam hunc pati grassari lenonem in me,

come about me, approach me, Plaut. Rud. 3, 3, 22.—

Of things:

(aranĕus) quanta arte celat pedicas scutulato rete grassantes,

going about, moving around, Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 81:

per omnes nervos articulosque humore pestifero grassante,

Just. 23, 2:

neque avaritia solum, sed etiam crudelitas in capta urbe grassata est,

Curt. 5, 6, 6.—

In partic.

To go loitering or rioting about (cf. grassator, I.): se in juventutem grassantem in Subura incidisse, Liv. 3, 13, 2:

per omnia clandestina grassari scelera latrociniorum, id 42, 18, 1: ubi Caesarem esse qui grassaretur pernotuit,

Tac. A. 13, 25.—Hence, of parasites, i. q. adulari, to pay one's court to, to flatter, fawn upon: grassari antiqui ponebant pro adulari, Paul. ex Fest. p. 97 Müll.—

To go about with thievish designs, to lie in wait: grassari dicuntur latrones vias obsidentes, Paul. ex Fest. p. 97 Müll. (cf. grassator, II.):

in umbris,

Anthol. Lat. 2, 186, 42 sq.:

silurus grassatur, ubicumque est, omne animal appetens,

Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 45.—Hence,

With acc., to fall upon, assault, attack:

turmas,

Stat. Th. 8, 571.

Trop.

In gen., to go, proceed, or act in any manner: saepe hac eadem sum grassatus via, Nov. ap. Non. 316, 7; cf.:

consimili grassantur via,

Afran. ib. 9:

ubi animus ad gloriam virtutis via grassatur,

Sall. J. 1, 3:

grassandum ad clara periclis,

Sil. 1, 570:

(assertor) ait, se jure grassari, non vi,

that he was proceeding, Liv. 3, 44, 8:

longe alia via grassabantur,

id. 2, 27, 7:

consilio grassandum, si nihil vires juvarent, ratus,

id. 10, 14, 13:

mutua dissimulatione et iisdem, quibus petebatur, artibus grassatur,

Tac. H. 4, 56:

cupidine atque irā, pessimis consultoribus,

Sall. J. 64, 5:

obsequio,

to act obsequiously, Hor. S. 2, 5, 93:

dolo,

to act cunningly, Tac. H. 4, 16:

assentando multitudini grassari,

Liv. 45, 23, 9:

superbe avareque in provincia grassatos,

Suet. Aug. 67.—

In partic., to attack, proceed against; to proceed with violence, act harshly, rage, rage against. —Constr.: in aliquid and in or adversus aliquem:

trecenti conjuravimus principes juventutis Romanae, ut in te hac via grassaremur,

Liv. 2, 12, 15; cf.:

in possessionem agri publici grassari,

id. 6, 5, 4:

in externos grassari,

Suet. Ner. 36:

adversus omnis aevi hominum genus grassari,

id. Calig. 34; cf.:

qui cum contemptu religionis grassatus etiam adversus deos fuerat,

Just. 1, 9:

ita bacchantem atque grassantem adoriri,

Suet. Calig. 56:

omni rapinarum genere grassati,

id. Vesp. 6:

diverso vitiorum genere,

id. Galb. 14; cf.:

placuit veneno grassari,

Tac. H. 3, 39; id. A. 15, 60.— Absol.:

Ii (sagitarii) dum eminus grassabantur,

Tac. A. 4, 47.—

Of abstract subjects: accusatorum major in dies et infestior vis sine levamento grassabatur,

Tac. A. 4, 66:

ut clausis unam intra domum accusatoribus et reis, paucorum potentia grassaretur,

id. ib. 13, 4:

dicemus de his (malis), quae totis corporibus grassantur,

Plin. 26, 11, 67, § 107; cf.:

haec (vitia) in pueris grassari, illa in adultis,

id. 26, 1, 3, § 4:

mala vestra,... alia grassantia extrinsecus, alia in visceribus ipsis ardentia,

Sen. Vit. B. 27, 6:

rabidorum more luporum Crimina persultant toto grassantia campo,

Prud. Psych. 468:

grassandi in re familiari facultas,

of wasting, plundering, Dig. 26, 10, 6.—Fig.:

nec ferro grassatur saepius ullum mentis vitium quam cupido, etc.,

Juv. 14, 174.—

With acc. (cf. above, I. B. 2. b.):

simulque Romam pestilentia grassabatur,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 33, 5.— P. a.: grassans, ntis, m., as subst., a robber, thief:

quicquid Lycurgi villa grassantibus praebuisset,

Petr. 117, 3; App. M. 8, p. 209, 3:

sublatis susceptoribus grassantium cupido conquiescit,

Paul. Sent. 5, 3, 4.

grassor, ātus, 1 ( inf. pres. grassarier, Prud. Ham. 651; act. collat. form grassabamus, App. M. 7, 7), v. dep. n. and a. [gradior], to go, go about (not in Cic. and Cæs.; cf.: gradior, incedo, vado, pergo).

Lit.

In gen. (mostly ante-class.):

hoc grassari gradu,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 11:

siccine hic cum uvida veste grassabimur?

id. Rud. 1, 4, 31; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 19: sine eam pedibus grassari, Titin. ap. Non. 316, 3:

recte grassatur via,

Nov. ib. 5; Ov. Tr. 2, 477:

certum'st moriri, quam hunc pati grassari lenonem in me,

come about me, approach me, Plaut. Rud. 3, 3, 22.—

Of things:

(aranĕus) quanta arte celat pedicas scutulato rete grassantes,

going about, moving around, Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 81:

per omnes nervos articulosque humore pestifero grassante,

Just. 23, 2:

neque avaritia solum, sed etiam crudelitas in capta urbe grassata est,

Curt. 5, 6, 6.—

In partic.

To go loitering or rioting about (cf. grassator, I.): se in juventutem grassantem in Subura incidisse, Liv. 3, 13, 2:

per omnia clandestina grassari scelera latrociniorum, id 42, 18, 1: ubi Caesarem esse qui grassaretur pernotuit,

Tac. A. 13, 25.—Hence, of parasites, i. q. adulari, to pay one's court to, to flatter, fawn upon: grassari antiqui ponebant pro adulari, Paul. ex Fest. p. 97 Müll.—

To go about with thievish designs, to lie in wait: grassari dicuntur latrones vias obsidentes, Paul. ex Fest. p. 97 Müll. (cf. grassator, II.):

in umbris,

Anthol. Lat. 2, 186, 42 sq.:

silurus grassatur, ubicumque est, omne animal appetens,

Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 45.—Hence,

With acc., to fall upon, assault, attack:

turmas,

Stat. Th. 8, 571.

Trop.

In gen., to go, proceed, or act in any manner: saepe hac eadem sum grassatus via, Nov. ap. Non. 316, 7; cf.:

consimili grassantur via,

Afran. ib. 9:

ubi animus ad gloriam virtutis via grassatur,

Sall. J. 1, 3:

grassandum ad clara periclis,

Sil. 1, 570:

(assertor) ait, se jure grassari, non vi,

that he was proceeding, Liv. 3, 44, 8:

longe alia via grassabantur,

id. 2, 27, 7:

consilio grassandum, si nihil vires juvarent, ratus,

id. 10, 14, 13:

mutua dissimulatione et iisdem, quibus petebatur, artibus grassatur,

Tac. H. 4, 56:

cupidine atque irā, pessimis consultoribus,

Sall. J. 64, 5:

obsequio,

to act obsequiously, Hor. S. 2, 5, 93:

dolo,

to act cunningly, Tac. H. 4, 16:

assentando multitudini grassari,

Liv. 45, 23, 9:

superbe avareque in provincia grassatos,

Suet. Aug. 67.—

In partic., to attack, proceed against; to proceed with violence, act harshly, rage, rage against. —Constr.: in aliquid and in or adversus aliquem:

trecenti conjuravimus principes juventutis Romanae, ut in te hac via grassaremur,

Liv. 2, 12, 15; cf.:

in possessionem agri publici grassari,

id. 6, 5, 4:

in externos grassari,

Suet. Ner. 36:

adversus omnis aevi hominum genus grassari,

id. Calig. 34; cf.:

qui cum contemptu religionis grassatus etiam adversus deos fuerat,

Just. 1, 9:

ita bacchantem atque grassantem adoriri,

Suet. Calig. 56:

omni rapinarum genere grassati,

id. Vesp. 6:

diverso vitiorum genere,

id. Galb. 14; cf.:

placuit veneno grassari,

Tac. H. 3, 39; id. A. 15, 60.— Absol.:

Ii (sagitarii) dum eminus grassabantur,

Tac. A. 4, 47.—

Of abstract subjects: accusatorum major in dies et infestior vis sine levamento grassabatur,

Tac. A. 4, 66:

ut clausis unam intra domum accusatoribus et reis, paucorum potentia grassaretur,

id. ib. 13, 4:

dicemus de his (malis), quae totis corporibus grassantur,

Plin. 26, 11, 67, § 107; cf.:

haec (vitia) in pueris grassari, illa in adultis,

id. 26, 1, 3, § 4:

mala vestra,... alia grassantia extrinsecus, alia in visceribus ipsis ardentia,

Sen. Vit. B. 27, 6:

rabidorum more luporum Crimina persultant toto grassantia campo,

Prud. Psych. 468:

grassandi in re familiari facultas,

of wasting, plundering, Dig. 26, 10, 6.—Fig.:

nec ferro grassatur saepius ullum mentis vitium quam cupido, etc.,

Juv. 14, 174.—

With acc. (cf. above, I. B. 2. b.):

simulque Romam pestilentia grassabatur,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 33, 5.— P. a.: grassans, ntis, m., as subst., a robber, thief:

quicquid Lycurgi villa grassantibus praebuisset,

Petr. 117, 3; App. M. 8, p. 209, 3:

sublatis susceptoribus grassantium cupido conquiescit,

Paul. Sent. 5, 3, 4.

littĕra (less correctly lītĕra), ae, f. [lino, q. v.], a letter, a written sign or mark signifying a sound.

Lit.:

cubitum hercle longis litteris signabo jam usquequaque, si quis, etc.,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 7:

quid hae locuntur litterae?

id. Bacch. 4, 7, 3; cf.: quid istae narrant? Tox. Perconctare ex ipsis;

ipsae tibi narrabunt,

id. Pers. 4, 3, 29:

sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,

Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23:

priscarum litterarum notae,

id. ib. 2, 41, 85:

maximis litteris incisum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154 fin.:

lenis appellatio litterarum,

id. Brut. 74, 159:

suavis appellatio litterarum,

Quint. 11, 3, 35:

quae si nostris litteris scribantur,

id. 12, 10, 28 litterarum ordine, in alphabetical order, Plin. 37, 9, 54, § 138:

verba primis litteris notare, Prob. de Not. Signif. 1 Huschke: digerere in litteram,

to arrange alphabetically, Sen. Ep. 68, 18: scire litteras, [p. 1072] to be able to read and write, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 23; Vitr. 1, 1, 14:

nescire litteras,

not to be able to read and write, id. Clem. 2, 1, 2; Suet. Ner. 10:

scribere aureis litteris,

Gai. Inst. 2, 77:

scientia litterarum,

the art of writing, Dig. 29, 2, 93:

facere litteram or litteras,

to write, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 22; Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 6.—In the language of comedy:

homo trium litterarum, i. e. fur,

a thief, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 46: litteram ex se longam facere, i. e. to make an I by hanging perpendicularly, to hang one's self:

neque quicquam meliust mihi, ut opinor, quam ex me ut faciam litteram longam, meum laqueo collum quando obstrinxero,

id. ib. 1, 1, 37:

littera salutaris, i. e. A. (absolvo) and tristis, i. e. C. (condemno), which were put on the voting-tablets,

Cic. Mil. 6, 15.—

Transf.

A word, a line:

ad me litteram numquam misit,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6: ad litteram, word for word, literally:

locum ad litteram subjeci,

Quint. 9, 1, 15.—

A handwriting:

Alexidis manum amabam, quod tam prope accedebat ad similitudinem tuae litterae,

Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3; cf.:

arguit ipsorum quos littera,

Juv. 13, 138 (v. also infra B. 1. fin.).—

Usually plur.

Littĕrae, ārum, f., a letter, epistle: litteras resignare, to unseal or open a letter, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 65:

ut litterarum ego harum sermonem audio,

id. Ps. 1, 1, 97; Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1:

dare alicui litteras ad aliquem,

id. Cat. 3, 4, 9:

litteras mittere,

id. Att. 5, 21, 2:

reddere alicui,

id. ib. 5, 21, 4:

accipere,

id. ib. 5, 21, 7:

remittere,

id. ib. 11, 16, 4:

nullas iis praeterquam ad te et ad Brutum dedi litteras,

id. Fam. 3, 7, 1:

queri apud aliquem per litteras,

id. Att. 5, 21, 13: invitare aliquem perlitteras id. ib. 13, 2, 2:

civitatum animos litteris temptare,

Caes. B. C. 1, 40, 1: litterae missae, a letter sent by a person: litterae allatae, a letter received: hence, liber litterarum missarum et allatarum, a letter-book:

L. M. (i. e. litterae missae)... L. A. (i. e. litterae allatae), etc.,

Cic. Font. 4, 8; id. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167.—In poets also sometimes in sing.:

quam legis a rapta Briseide littera venit,

Ov. H. 3, 1; 5, 2; id. M. 9, 515; Tib. 3, 2, 27; Mart. 10, 73 al.—

A writing, document, paper:

litterae publicae,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140; 2, 4, 16, § 35; esp. a written acknowledgment:

littera poscetur,

Ov. A. A. 1, 428.—

An account-book:

ratio omnis et litterae,

Cic. Quint. 11, 37; id. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 27.—

An edict, ordinance:

praetoris litterae,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22, § 56:

litteras revocavit,

letter of appointment, commission, Suet. Vesp. 8. —

Written monuments, records, literature:

abest historia litteris nostris,

is wanting in our literature, Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 5:

Graecae de philosophia litterae,

philosophical literature, id. Div. 2, 2, 5:

genus hoc scriptionis nondum satis Latinis litteris illustratae,

id. Brut. 64, 228; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 1; id. Fin. 1, 2, 4:

Graecis litteris studere,

id. Brut. 20, 78:

damnum Hortensii interitu Latinae litterae fecerunt,

id. ib. 33, 125:

nullam artem litteris sine interprete et sine aliqua exercitatione percipi posse,

merely from books, id. Fam. 7, 19:

quod litteris exstet, Pherecydes primum dixit animos hominum esse sempiternos,

id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38:

parvae et rarae per eadem tempora litterae fuere,

Liv. 6, 1, 2; 7, 3, 6:

Etruscae,

id. 9, 36, 3:

paucissimos adhuc eloquentes litterae Romanae tulerunt,

Quint. 10, 1, 123: amor litterarum, id. prooem. 6.—

History, inasmuch as it is derived from written monuments:

cupidissimus litterarum fuit,

Nep. Cat. 3, 1; id. Pelop. 1:

parvae et rarae per eadem tempora litterae fuere,

Liv. 6, 1.—

Literary labor, composition:

omnis varietas litterarum mearum,

Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 12:

non nihil temporis tribuit litteris,

Nep. Hann. 13, 2.—

An inscription, Ov. M. 11, 706.—

Learning, the sciences, liberal education, scholarship, letters:

sit mihi orator tinctus litteris: audierit aliquid, legerit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 85:

erant in eo plurimae litterae,

id. Brut. 76, 265:

homo communium litterarum, et politioris humanitatis non expers,

id. de Or. 2, 7, 28:

homo sine ingenio, sine litteris,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 98:

fuit in illo ingenium, ratio, memoria, litterae, cura, cogitatio, diligentia,

id. Phil. 2, 45, 116:

mihi nihil libri, nihil litterae, nihil doctrina prodest,

id. Att. 9, 10, 2:

litterarum scientia,

id. Brut. 42, 153:

litterarum coguitio,

id. de Or. 3, 32, 127: nescire litteras, to be without a liberal education, id. Brut. 74, 259:

altiores litterae,

magic, Plin. 14, 4, 5, § 51.—Comically of the art of love: Litteras didicisti;

quando scis, sine alios discere,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 22.

littĕra (less correctly lītĕra), ae, f. [lino, q. v.], a letter, a written sign or mark signifying a sound.

Lit.:

cubitum hercle longis litteris signabo jam usquequaque, si quis, etc.,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 7:

quid hae locuntur litterae?

id. Bacch. 4, 7, 3; cf.: quid istae narrant? Tox. Perconctare ex ipsis;

ipsae tibi narrabunt,

id. Pers. 4, 3, 29:

sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,

Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23:

priscarum litterarum notae,

id. ib. 2, 41, 85:

maximis litteris incisum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154 fin.:

lenis appellatio litterarum,

id. Brut. 74, 159:

suavis appellatio litterarum,

Quint. 11, 3, 35:

quae si nostris litteris scribantur,

id. 12, 10, 28 litterarum ordine, in alphabetical order, Plin. 37, 9, 54, § 138:

verba primis litteris notare, Prob. de Not. Signif. 1 Huschke: digerere in litteram,

to arrange alphabetically, Sen. Ep. 68, 18: scire litteras, [p. 1072] to be able to read and write, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 23; Vitr. 1, 1, 14:

nescire litteras,

not to be able to read and write, id. Clem. 2, 1, 2; Suet. Ner. 10:

scribere aureis litteris,

Gai. Inst. 2, 77:

scientia litterarum,

the art of writing, Dig. 29, 2, 93:

facere litteram or litteras,

to write, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 22; Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 6.—In the language of comedy:

homo trium litterarum, i. e. fur,

a thief, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 46: litteram ex se longam facere, i. e. to make an I by hanging perpendicularly, to hang one's self:

neque quicquam meliust mihi, ut opinor, quam ex me ut faciam litteram longam, meum laqueo collum quando obstrinxero,

id. ib. 1, 1, 37:

littera salutaris, i. e. A. (absolvo) and tristis, i. e. C. (condemno), which were put on the voting-tablets,

Cic. Mil. 6, 15.—

Transf.

A word, a line:

ad me litteram numquam misit,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6: ad litteram, word for word, literally:

locum ad litteram subjeci,

Quint. 9, 1, 15.—

A handwriting:

Alexidis manum amabam, quod tam prope accedebat ad similitudinem tuae litterae,

Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3; cf.:

arguit ipsorum quos littera,

Juv. 13, 138 (v. also infra B. 1. fin.).—

Usually plur.

Littĕrae, ārum, f., a letter, epistle: litteras resignare, to unseal or open a letter, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 65:

ut litterarum ego harum sermonem audio,

id. Ps. 1, 1, 97; Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1:

dare alicui litteras ad aliquem,

id. Cat. 3, 4, 9:

litteras mittere,

id. Att. 5, 21, 2:

reddere alicui,

id. ib. 5, 21, 4:

accipere,

id. ib. 5, 21, 7:

remittere,

id. ib. 11, 16, 4:

nullas iis praeterquam ad te et ad Brutum dedi litteras,

id. Fam. 3, 7, 1:

queri apud aliquem per litteras,

id. Att. 5, 21, 13: invitare aliquem perlitteras id. ib. 13, 2, 2:

civitatum animos litteris temptare,

Caes. B. C. 1, 40, 1: litterae missae, a letter sent by a person: litterae allatae, a letter received: hence, liber litterarum missarum et allatarum, a letter-book:

L. M. (i. e. litterae missae)... L. A. (i. e. litterae allatae), etc.,

Cic. Font. 4, 8; id. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167.—In poets also sometimes in sing.:

quam legis a rapta Briseide littera venit,

Ov. H. 3, 1; 5, 2; id. M. 9, 515; Tib. 3, 2, 27; Mart. 10, 73 al.—

A writing, document, paper:

litterae publicae,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140; 2, 4, 16, § 35; esp. a written acknowledgment:

littera poscetur,

Ov. A. A. 1, 428.—

An account-book:

ratio omnis et litterae,

Cic. Quint. 11, 37; id. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 27.—

An edict, ordinance:

praetoris litterae,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22, § 56:

litteras revocavit,

letter of appointment, commission, Suet. Vesp. 8. —

Written monuments, records, literature:

abest historia litteris nostris,

is wanting in our literature, Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 5:

Graecae de philosophia litterae,

philosophical literature, id. Div. 2, 2, 5:

genus hoc scriptionis nondum satis Latinis litteris illustratae,

id. Brut. 64, 228; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 1; id. Fin. 1, 2, 4:

Graecis litteris studere,

id. Brut. 20, 78:

damnum Hortensii interitu Latinae litterae fecerunt,

id. ib. 33, 125:

nullam artem litteris sine interprete et sine aliqua exercitatione percipi posse,

merely from books, id. Fam. 7, 19:

quod litteris exstet, Pherecydes primum dixit animos hominum esse sempiternos,

id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38:

parvae et rarae per eadem tempora litterae fuere,

Liv. 6, 1, 2; 7, 3, 6:

Etruscae,

id. 9, 36, 3:

paucissimos adhuc eloquentes litterae Romanae tulerunt,

Quint. 10, 1, 123: amor litterarum, id. prooem. 6.—

History, inasmuch as it is derived from written monuments:

cupidissimus litterarum fuit,

Nep. Cat. 3, 1; id. Pelop. 1:

parvae et rarae per eadem tempora litterae fuere,

Liv. 6, 1.—

Literary labor, composition:

omnis varietas litterarum mearum,

Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 12:

non nihil temporis tribuit litteris,

Nep. Hann. 13, 2.—

An inscription, Ov. M. 11, 706.—

Learning, the sciences, liberal education, scholarship, letters:

sit mihi orator tinctus litteris: audierit aliquid, legerit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 85:

erant in eo plurimae litterae,

id. Brut. 76, 265:

homo communium litterarum, et politioris humanitatis non expers,

id. de Or. 2, 7, 28:

homo sine ingenio, sine litteris,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 98:

fuit in illo ingenium, ratio, memoria, litterae, cura, cogitatio, diligentia,

id. Phil. 2, 45, 116:

mihi nihil libri, nihil litterae, nihil doctrina prodest,

id. Att. 9, 10, 2:

litterarum scientia,

id. Brut. 42, 153:

litterarum coguitio,

id. de Or. 3, 32, 127: nescire litteras, to be without a liberal education, id. Brut. 74, 259:

altiores litterae,

magic, Plin. 14, 4, 5, § 51.—Comically of the art of love: Litteras didicisti;

quando scis, sine alios discere,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 22.

mănŭārĭus, a, um, adj. [id.], of or belonging to the hand, for the hand, that fills the hand (ante- and post-class.):

mola,

a hand-mill, Dig. 33, 7, 26:

vas,

Charis. p. 95 P.:

aes,

won with the hand at gaming, money won at dice, Gell. 18, 13, 4; cf. manus.—

Subst.: mănŭārĭus, ii, m., a thief: manuari, pudorem perdidisti, Lab. ap. Gell. 16, 7, 3 (Com. Rel. v. 46 Rib.).

milŭīnus (also milvīnus), a, um, adj. [id.], of or belonging to the kite (class.):

plumae,

Plin. 37, 10, 60, § 167.—

Transf., resembling a kite, kite-like, i. e. rapacious:

ungulae,

i. e. a thief's clutches, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 63. pullus, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6: miluinus pes, kite's foot, an herb so called from its resemblance to the foot of a kite, Col. 12, 7, § 1; cf. Plin. 27, 8, 35, § 57.—

Subst.: miluīna ( milvīna), ae, f.

(Sc. fames.) A kite's, i. e. a ravenous, appetite, voracity, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 29 (dub.; Ritschl, bulimam).—

(Sc. tibia.) A kind of flute of a very clear tone: miluina genus tibiae acutissimi soni, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll.; Sol. 5, 19.

milŭīnus (also milvīnus), a, um, adj. [id.], of or belonging to the kite (class.):

plumae,

Plin. 37, 10, 60, § 167.—

Transf., resembling a kite, kite-like, i. e. rapacious:

ungulae,

i. e. a thief's clutches, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 63. pullus, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6: miluinus pes, kite's foot, an herb so called from its resemblance to the foot of a kite, Col. 12, 7, § 1; cf. Plin. 27, 8, 35, § 57.—

Subst.: miluīna ( milvīna), ae, f.

(Sc. fames.) A kite's, i. e. a ravenous, appetite, voracity, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 29 (dub.; Ritschl, bulimam).—

(Sc. tibia.) A kind of flute of a very clear tone: miluina genus tibiae acutissimi soni, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll.; Sol. 5, 19.

milŭīnus (also milvīnus), a, um, adj. [id.], of or belonging to the kite (class.):

plumae,

Plin. 37, 10, 60, § 167.—

Transf., resembling a kite, kite-like, i. e. rapacious:

ungulae,

i. e. a thief's clutches, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 63. pullus, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6: miluinus pes, kite's foot, an herb so called from its resemblance to the foot of a kite, Col. 12, 7, § 1; cf. Plin. 27, 8, 35, § 57.—

Subst.: miluīna ( milvīna), ae, f.

(Sc. fames.) A kite's, i. e. a ravenous, appetite, voracity, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 29 (dub.; Ritschl, bulimam).—

(Sc. tibia.) A kind of flute of a very clear tone: miluina genus tibiae acutissimi soni, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll.; Sol. 5, 19.

milŭīnus (also milvīnus), a, um, adj. [id.], of or belonging to the kite (class.):

plumae,

Plin. 37, 10, 60, § 167.—

Transf., resembling a kite, kite-like, i. e. rapacious:

ungulae,

i. e. a thief's clutches, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 63. pullus, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6: miluinus pes, kite's foot, an herb so called from its resemblance to the foot of a kite, Col. 12, 7, § 1; cf. Plin. 27, 8, 35, § 57.—

Subst.: miluīna ( milvīna), ae, f.

(Sc. fames.) A kite's, i. e. a ravenous, appetite, voracity, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 29 (dub.; Ritschl, bulimam).—

(Sc. tibia.) A kind of flute of a very clear tone: miluina genus tibiae acutissimi soni, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll.; Sol. 5, 19.

plăgĭārĭus, ii, m. [plagium].

A torturer, oppressor, plunderer (class.):

Licinium plagiarium cum suo pullo milvino tributa exigere,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6:

inter avaros, circumscriptores, latrones, plagiarios unum esse cui noceri non possit,

Sen. Tranq. 8, 4.—

Esp., a man-stealer, kidnapper (post-Aug.), Dig. 21, 1, 17; 47, 2, 49; 53; 48, 15, 1; Callistr. Ib. 6; Vulg. 1 Tim. 1, 10.—

Transf., a literary thief, plagiarist (one who pretends to be the author of another's book), Mart. 1, 53, 9.

sĭnister, tra, trum ( comp. sinisterior; sup. sinistimus, Prisc. pp. 605 and 607 P.; Fest. s. v. dextimum, p. 74; and s. v. sinistrae, p. 339 Müll.), adj. [etym. dub.; perh. from sinus (i. e. togae); cf. Pott, Etym. Forsch. 2, 555; the ending is a double comp. -is and -ter; cf.: magister, minister].

Left, on the left, on the left hand or side (syn.:

laevus, scaevus): manus sinistra (opp. dextra),

Quint. 11, 3, 114:

manus,

Nep. Dat. 3; Quint. 11, 3, 159:

bracchium,

id. 11, 3, 141:

latus,

id. 11, 3, 99:

numerus,

id. 11, 3, 93; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 140:

pes,

id. 11, 3, 125; 11, 3, 159:

cornu (opp. dextrum),

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 62; id. B. C. 2, 34; 3, 67 al.:

pars,

id. B. G. 2, 23; id. B. C. 2, 4 fin.:

angulus castrorum,

id. ib. 3, 66:

ripa,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 18:

calceus,

Suet. Aug. 92:

tibia,

Phaedr. 5, 7, 7 et saep.—As substt.

sĭnistrum, i, n. (sc. latus), the left side:

reicere a sinistro togam,

Quint. 11, 3, 144; so,

in sinistrum,

id. 11, 3, 109; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 114; 11, 3, 135.—

sĭnistra, ae, f. (sc. manus), the left hand, the left:

sinistrā impeditā satis commode pugnare non poterant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25; id. B. C. 1, 75 fin.; Quint. 11, 3, 131; 11, 3, 160; Suet. Claud. 21; Ov. M. 12, 89 et saep.—Used in stealing:

natae ad furta sinistrae,

Ov. M. 13, 111; cf. Cat. 12, 1;

hence, of a thief's accomplices: Porci et Socration, duae sinistrae Pisonis,

id. 47, 1.—As bearing the shield and defending:

idem (Afer) per allegoriam M. Caelium melius obicientem crimina quam defendentem, Bonam dextram, malam sinistram habere dicebat,

Quint. 6, 3, 69 —

Transf., the left side:

cur a dextrā corvus, a sinistrā cornix faciat ratum?

Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

aspicite a sinistrā,

id. Phil. 6, 5, 12:

aspice nunc ad sinistram,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 38:

sub sinistrā Britanniam relictam conspexit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

miles dexterā ac sinistrā muro tectus,

id. B. C. 2, 15; cf.:

innumerabiles supra infra, dextrā sinistrā, ante post ejusmodi mundos esse,

Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125.— Rarely in plur.: sinistris repentino consilio Poetelii consulis additae vires (opp. dextra [p. 1708] pars), Liv. 9, 27, 9.— Comp.:

in sinisteriore parte (= sinistrā),

Varr. L. L. 9, § 34 Müll.; so, cornu (opp. dexterius), Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 4:

bracchium,

Suet. Dom. 17:

mamma,

Cels. 4, 1 med.:

equus funalis,

Suet. Tib. 6 fin.:

rota,

Ov. M. 2, 139.— Sup., v. supra init. —

Trop.

Awkward, wrong, perverse, improper ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

mores,

Verg. A. 11, 347:

liberalitas,

Cat. 29, 16:

instituta (Judaeorum),

Tac. H. 5, 5:

natura (with prava),

Curt. 7, 4, 10.—

Unlucky, injurious, adverse, unfavorable, ill, bad, etc. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

arboribus satisque Notus pecorique sinister,

Verg. G. 1, 444:

interpretatio,

Tac. Agr. 5 fin.; cf.:

sermones de Tiberio,

id. A. 1, 74; so,

sermones,

Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 5:

fama eo de homine,

Tac. A. 6, 32; 11, 19; id. H. 1, 51 fin.:

rumor lenti itineris,

id. ib. 2, 93 fin.:

diligentia,

Plin. Ep. 7, 28, 3 et saep.:

pugna Cannensis,

Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 9:

studii signa sinistra mei,

Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 64; v. also infra, C. fin. —With gen.:

(Hannibal) fidei sinister,

faithless, Sil. 1, 56 (cf.:

pravos fidei,

id. 3, 253).— Subst.: sĭnistrum, i, n., evil:

(matrona) studiosa sinistri,

Ov. Tr. 2, 257.—

With respect to auspices and divination, acc. to the Roman notions, lucky, favorable, auspicious (because the Romans on these occasions turned the face towards the south, and so had the eastern or fortunate side on the left; while the Greeks, turning to the north, had it on their right; cf.

dexter, II. 2.): ita nobis sinistra videntur, Graiis et barbaris dextra, meliora. Quamquam haud ignoro, quae bona sint, sinistra nos dicere, etiam si dextra sint, etc.,

Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82; cf.:

fulmen sinistrum auspicium optimum habemus ad omnes res praeterquam ad comitia,

id. ib. 2, 35, 74 (with this cf. id. Phil. 2, 38, 99):

liquido exeo foras Auspicio, avi sinistra,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 2; so,

avi sinistra,

id. Ps. 2, 4, 72; cf.

cornix,

Verg. E. 9, 15:

volatus avium,

Plin. Pan. 5, 3:

tonitrus,

Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 49.—Sometimes in the Greek sense (or in direct reference to the signif. B.), unlucky, unfavorable, inauspicious:

di, precor, a nobis omen removete sinistrum,

Ov. H. 13, 49:

avibus sinistris,

id. ib. 2, 115:

sinistris auspiciis,

Val. Max. 4, 7, 2 fin.:

fulmen,

Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99:

sinistram approbationem (opp. dextram),

Cat. 45, 8 and 17;

cf: sinistro pede proficisci,

App. M. 1, p. 104, 23.—Hence, adv.: sĭnistrē, badly, wrongly, perversely:

derisum semel exceptumque sinistre,

Hor. A. P. 452:

accipere,

Tac. H. 1, 7; 3, 52 fin.:

non tam sinistre constitutum est,

Plin. Pan. 45, 5.

sĭnister, tra, trum ( comp. sinisterior; sup. sinistimus, Prisc. pp. 605 and 607 P.; Fest. s. v. dextimum, p. 74; and s. v. sinistrae, p. 339 Müll.), adj. [etym. dub.; perh. from sinus (i. e. togae); cf. Pott, Etym. Forsch. 2, 555; the ending is a double comp. -is and -ter; cf.: magister, minister].

Left, on the left, on the left hand or side (syn.:

laevus, scaevus): manus sinistra (opp. dextra),

Quint. 11, 3, 114:

manus,

Nep. Dat. 3; Quint. 11, 3, 159:

bracchium,

id. 11, 3, 141:

latus,

id. 11, 3, 99:

numerus,

id. 11, 3, 93; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 140:

pes,

id. 11, 3, 125; 11, 3, 159:

cornu (opp. dextrum),

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 62; id. B. C. 2, 34; 3, 67 al.:

pars,

id. B. G. 2, 23; id. B. C. 2, 4 fin.:

angulus castrorum,

id. ib. 3, 66:

ripa,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 18:

calceus,

Suet. Aug. 92:

tibia,

Phaedr. 5, 7, 7 et saep.—As substt.

sĭnistrum, i, n. (sc. latus), the left side:

reicere a sinistro togam,

Quint. 11, 3, 144; so,

in sinistrum,

id. 11, 3, 109; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 114; 11, 3, 135.—

sĭnistra, ae, f. (sc. manus), the left hand, the left:

sinistrā impeditā satis commode pugnare non poterant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25; id. B. C. 1, 75 fin.; Quint. 11, 3, 131; 11, 3, 160; Suet. Claud. 21; Ov. M. 12, 89 et saep.—Used in stealing:

natae ad furta sinistrae,

Ov. M. 13, 111; cf. Cat. 12, 1;

hence, of a thief's accomplices: Porci et Socration, duae sinistrae Pisonis,

id. 47, 1.—As bearing the shield and defending:

idem (Afer) per allegoriam M. Caelium melius obicientem crimina quam defendentem, Bonam dextram, malam sinistram habere dicebat,

Quint. 6, 3, 69 —

Transf., the left side:

cur a dextrā corvus, a sinistrā cornix faciat ratum?

Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

aspicite a sinistrā,

id. Phil. 6, 5, 12:

aspice nunc ad sinistram,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 38:

sub sinistrā Britanniam relictam conspexit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

miles dexterā ac sinistrā muro tectus,

id. B. C. 2, 15; cf.:

innumerabiles supra infra, dextrā sinistrā, ante post ejusmodi mundos esse,

Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125.— Rarely in plur.: sinistris repentino consilio Poetelii consulis additae vires (opp. dextra [p. 1708] pars), Liv. 9, 27, 9.— Comp.:

in sinisteriore parte (= sinistrā),

Varr. L. L. 9, § 34 Müll.; so, cornu (opp. dexterius), Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 4:

bracchium,

Suet. Dom. 17:

mamma,

Cels. 4, 1 med.:

equus funalis,

Suet. Tib. 6 fin.:

rota,

Ov. M. 2, 139.— Sup., v. supra init. —

Trop.

Awkward, wrong, perverse, improper ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

mores,

Verg. A. 11, 347:

liberalitas,

Cat. 29, 16:

instituta (Judaeorum),

Tac. H. 5, 5:

natura (with prava),

Curt. 7, 4, 10.—

Unlucky, injurious, adverse, unfavorable, ill, bad, etc. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

arboribus satisque Notus pecorique sinister,

Verg. G. 1, 444:

interpretatio,

Tac. Agr. 5 fin.; cf.:

sermones de Tiberio,

id. A. 1, 74; so,

sermones,

Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 5:

fama eo de homine,

Tac. A. 6, 32; 11, 19; id. H. 1, 51 fin.:

rumor lenti itineris,

id. ib. 2, 93 fin.:

diligentia,

Plin. Ep. 7, 28, 3 et saep.:

pugna Cannensis,

Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 9:

studii signa sinistra mei,

Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 64; v. also infra, C. fin. —With gen.:

(Hannibal) fidei sinister,

faithless, Sil. 1, 56 (cf.:

pravos fidei,

id. 3, 253).— Subst.: sĭnistrum, i, n., evil:

(matrona) studiosa sinistri,

Ov. Tr. 2, 257.—

With respect to auspices and divination, acc. to the Roman notions, lucky, favorable, auspicious (because the Romans on these occasions turned the face towards the south, and so had the eastern or fortunate side on the left; while the Greeks, turning to the north, had it on their right; cf.

dexter, II. 2.): ita nobis sinistra videntur, Graiis et barbaris dextra, meliora. Quamquam haud ignoro, quae bona sint, sinistra nos dicere, etiam si dextra sint, etc.,

Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82; cf.:

fulmen sinistrum auspicium optimum habemus ad omnes res praeterquam ad comitia,

id. ib. 2, 35, 74 (with this cf. id. Phil. 2, 38, 99):

liquido exeo foras Auspicio, avi sinistra,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 2; so,

avi sinistra,

id. Ps. 2, 4, 72; cf.

cornix,

Verg. E. 9, 15:

volatus avium,

Plin. Pan. 5, 3:

tonitrus,

Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 49.—Sometimes in the Greek sense (or in direct reference to the signif. B.), unlucky, unfavorable, inauspicious:

di, precor, a nobis omen removete sinistrum,

Ov. H. 13, 49:

avibus sinistris,

id. ib. 2, 115:

sinistris auspiciis,

Val. Max. 4, 7, 2 fin.:

fulmen,

Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99:

sinistram approbationem (opp. dextram),

Cat. 45, 8 and 17;

cf: sinistro pede proficisci,

App. M. 1, p. 104, 23.—Hence, adv.: sĭnistrē, badly, wrongly, perversely:

derisum semel exceptumque sinistre,

Hor. A. P. 452:

accipere,

Tac. H. 1, 7; 3, 52 fin.:

non tam sinistre constitutum est,

Plin. Pan. 45, 5.

trīcae, ārum, f. [acc. to Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 104, orig. Trīca, ae, f., like Apina, the name of a small town in Apulia; but cf. Sanscr. trkvan, thief; and Lat. tricor, extricare, etc.; hence, prov.], trifles, toys, trumpery, stuff, nonsense.

Lit.:

sunt apinae tricaeque et siquid vilius istis,

Mart. 14, 1, 7: Gri. Quid dare velis? Eloquere propere. La. Nummos trecentos. Gri. Tricas. La. Quadringentos. Gri. Tramas putridas, Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 36.—

Transf., hinderances, vexations, perplexities, subterfuges, quirks, wiles, tricks: judicia, lites, turbas, tricas, Turp. ap. Non. 8, 26; cf.:

quomodo illa (Tullia) fert publicam cladem, quomodo domesticas tricas!

Cic. Att. 10, 8, 9:

nihil mihi opus est litibus neque tricis,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 62; 5, 2, 18:

quas tu mihi tricas narras?

id. Curc. 5, 2, 15:

quin tu istas mittis tricas,

id. Most. 3, 1, 45; Varr. ap. Non. 8, 29; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 2; cf.: trico, tricor, and tricosus.

trīcae, ārum, f. [acc. to Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 104, orig. Trīca, ae, f., like Apina, the name of a small town in Apulia; but cf. Sanscr. trkvan, thief; and Lat. tricor, extricare, etc.; hence, prov.], trifles, toys, trumpery, stuff, nonsense.

Lit.:

sunt apinae tricaeque et siquid vilius istis,

Mart. 14, 1, 7: Gri. Quid dare velis? Eloquere propere. La. Nummos trecentos. Gri. Tricas. La. Quadringentos. Gri. Tramas putridas, Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 36.—

Transf., hinderances, vexations, perplexities, subterfuges, quirks, wiles, tricks: judicia, lites, turbas, tricas, Turp. ap. Non. 8, 26; cf.:

quomodo illa (Tullia) fert publicam cladem, quomodo domesticas tricas!

Cic. Att. 10, 8, 9:

nihil mihi opus est litibus neque tricis,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 62; 5, 2, 18:

quas tu mihi tricas narras?

id. Curc. 5, 2, 15:

quin tu istas mittis tricas,

id. Most. 3, 1, 45; Varr. ap. Non. 8, 29; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 2; cf.: trico, tricor, and tricosus.