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61 controversus
contrō-versus, a, um, adj. [from the same root with contra; q. v. init. ].* I.Lit., turned against, in an opposite direction (cf. controversia, I.;II.very rare): perticae,
Cato, R. R. 43, 1:litora Isauriae scopulis,
lying opposite, Amm. 14, 2, 3; cf. id. 22, 8, 2; 22, 15, 7 (al. contra versus).—Hence,Trop.A.That is the subject of dispute, controverted, disputed, questionable (several times in Cic. and Quint.;B.elsewh. rare): sumere istos pro certo, quod dubium controversumque sit,
Cic. Div. 2, 50, 104; cf.opp. confessum,
Quint. 5, 13, 34; 5, 14, 14; 7, 1, 5:res controversa et plena dissensionis inter doctissimos,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 52; so,res,
Quint. 3, 5, 18; 5, 9, 2. auspicium, Liv. 10, 42, 7:jus,
Cic. Mur. 13, 28; Quint. 7, 6, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 55, 3.— Subst.: contrōversa, ōrum, n., disputed or doubtful points:controversa confessis probare,
Quint. 5, 14, 14.—= repugnans, repugnant, at strife:controversa sibi ac repugnantia (sc. terra et ignis),
in controversy with themselves, opposed to one another, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 6; cf. Aus. Ephem. fin. (The signification quarrelsome, litigious, is very dub., the reading in Cic. Brut. 12, 46, being undoubtedly corrupt.) -
62 erga
ergā, praep. [syncop. for e-regā, from ex and root rag-, to reach upward, be upright; cf. ergo, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 448 sqq.], over against, opposite to (cf.: adversus, versus, contra, e regione, e contrario).I.Lit., of locality (ante- and post-classical and rare):II.quae med erga aedes habet,
i. e. opposite me, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 55 (al. modo erga):erga regiam,
App. Dogm. Plat. p. 9, 21.—Trop.: aliquem, more rarely aliquid, of feelings and conduct towards a person.A.Of friendly feelings, etc. (so mostly in class. lang.):B.erga et in hoc differunt: fere enim erga ad affectum refertur, quasi erga illum benignus: in ad simultatem, quasi in illum sum saevus,
Charis. p. 208 P.; cf. Prisc. p. 989: ut eodem modo erga amicum affecti simus, [p. 655] quo erga nosmet ipsos... ut nostra in amicos benevolentia illorum erga nos benevolentiae pariter respondeat, Cic. Lael. 16; cf. id. Fin. 1, 20, 68; Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 47; id. Trin. 3, 1, 18:erga aliquem benevolus,
id. Capt. 2, 2, 100; cf. id. Mil. 4, 6, 15; id. Rud. 5, 3, 33; Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 182; 2, 49, 201; Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 49; id. Cist. 1, 1, 111; cf. Cic. Fam. 1, 9:divina bonitas erga homines,
id. N. D. 2, 23, 60:perpetua erga populum Romanum fides,
Caes. B. G. 5, 44, 4; cf. id. B. C. 1, 84, 3; 2, 17, 2 et saep.:te oro per mei te erga bonitatem patris,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 48; so,te erga,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:med erga,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 56:se erga,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 15:amicum erga,
Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 4; cf.the following.—Relating to things: cum in universam rem publicam, tum etiam erga meam salutem fide ac benevolentia singulari,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 1, 1; cf. id. Att. 8, 3, 2; Plin. Pan. 50, 4; Tac. A. 4, 20 al.—Of unfriendly feelings, for the usual contra or adversus, against:III.ne malus item erga me sit, ut illum erga fuit,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 4; id. Aul. 4, 10, 62; id. Cas. 3, 4, 27; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 36; Nep. Alcib. 4, 4:odium, quod erga regem susceperant,
id. Dat. 10 fin.; id. Ham. 4 fin.; id. Hann. 1 fin.; Tac. H. 2, 99; 4, 49; id. A. 2, 2; cf.transp.: med erga,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 5; id. Capt. 2, 3, 56; id. Ep. 3, 3, 9.—Relating to things:res secundae valent commutare naturam, et raro quisquam erga bona sua satis cautus est,
against his own advantage, Curt. 10, 1, 40.—In post-Aug. authors (esp. in Tacitus) in gen. of every kind of mental relation to a person or thing, to, towards, in respect to:anxii erga Sejanum, cujus durior congressus,
Tac. A. 4, 74:erga Germanicos exercitus laudes gratesque,
id. H. 2, 55 fin.; id. A. 11, 25 fin.:prisco erga duces honore,
id. ib. 3, 74 fin.; cf. Plin. Pan. 55, 3:suprema erga memoriam filii sui munera,
Tac. A. 3, 2; id. H. 1, 20:atrociore semper fama erga dominantium exitus,
id. A. 4, 11; Amm. 16, 10; v. Hand Turs. II. pp. 437-440. -
63 adversus or adversum (advor-)
adversus or adversum (advor-) adv. and praep. [adverto]. I. As adv., opposite, in opposition: advorsum ire, to go to meet (him), T.: adversus resistere, N. — II. As praep. with acc, opposite to, before, facing: paries adversus aedes publicas, L.: vestigia te adversum spectantia, towards, H.—Esp., in the presence of, before, face to face with: adversus populum R. defendere: advorsum pedites hostium, S.: gratum adversum te, in your eyes, T.—To, towards, in answer to: alqm: adversus ea consul respondit, L.—Compared with, in comparison to: bella adversus tot decora populi R., weighed against, L. — Towards, in respect of, against: quo modo me gererem adversus Caesarem: est enim pietas iustitia adversus deos.— Against, in opposition to: advorsum animi tui libidinem, T.: adversum leges, rem p.: adversus se missos exercitūs, L.: quos advorsum ierat, S. -
64 contrārium
contrārium ī, n, see contrarius.* * *opposite (quantity), reverse, contrary (fact/argument); argument from contraries opposite direction; antithesis; contrastex contrarium -- on the contrary/other hand
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65 albus
albus, a, um, adj. [cf. Umbr. alfu and Sab. alpus = white; alphos = white rash; O. H. Germ. Elbiz = a swan; to this have been referred also Alba Longa, Albunea, Alpes from their snowy summits (Paul. ex Fest. p. 4 Müll.), Albion from its chalky cliffs, Alpheios, and Albis = Elbe], white (properly dead white, not shining; e. g. hair, complexion, garments, etc., opp. ater, black that is without lustre; while candidus denotes a glistening, dazzling white, opp. niger, shining black.—Hence, trop., albus and ater, a symbol of good or ill fortune; on the other hand, candidus and niger of moral worth or unworthiness; cf. Doed. Syn. III. 193 sq.—So Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 82: aliud est candidum, i. e. quādam nitenti luce perfusum esse; aliud album, quod pallori constat esse vicinum; cf. Verg. E. 7, 38: Candidior cycnis, hederā formosior albā, with id. ib. 3, 39: diffusos hederā vestit pallente corymbos; but this distinction is freq. disregarded by the poets).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.barba,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 15:corpus,
id. Capt. 3, 4, 115:color albus praecipue decorus deo est, maxime in textili,
Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45: albus calculus, the small white stone used in voting, as a sign of acceding to the opinion of any one, or of the acquittal of one who is under accusation (opp. ater calculus;v. calculus).— Hence, trop.: alicui rei album calculum adicere,
to allow, approve of, authorize, Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5.—In Enn. an epithet of the sun and moon: sol, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 92 Vahl.): jubar Hyperionis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 658 P. (Ann. v. 547 ib.).—The following are examples of the opposition of albus and niger (instead of ater) as exceptions to the gen. rule; so always in Lucr. (who also uses albus and candidus or candens promiscuously), 2, 810; 822 sqq.; 731 sq.; 790; 767-771. Once in Cic.: quae alba sint, quae nigra dicere, Div. 2, 3; so Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Ov. M. 2, 541; cf. with id. ib. 2, 534 and 535; also id. ib. 12, 403; 15, 46; id. H. 15, 37 al.:albi et nigri velleris,
Vulg. Gen. 30, 35:non potes unum capillum album facere aut nigrum,
ib. Matt. 5, 36.—Esp.1.Pale, from sickness, terror, care, and the like:2.aquosus albo Corpore languor, of dropsical persons,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 15:pallor,
id. Epod. 7, 15:vivat et urbanis albus in officiis,
pale from the cares of his public office, Mart. 1, 56 fin. et saep. —Of clothing, white: alba decent Cererem;3.vestes Cerealibus albas Sumite,
Ov. F. 4, 619:vidit duos Angelos in albis,
Vulg. Joan. 20, 12; ib. Apoc. 3, 4.—Hence, poet. transf. to the person, clothed in white, Hor. S. 1, 2, 36: pedibus qui venerat albis, who had come with white feet, i. e. marked with chalk, as for sale, Juv. 1, 111 (cf. gypsatus and also Plin. 35, 17, 58, §§ 199-201; Mayor ad 1. 1.).—Prov. phrases.a.Dentibus albis deridere, to deride one by laughing so as to show the teeth, for to deride much, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 48 (cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 26).—b.Albus an ater sit, nescio or non curo, I know not, care not whether he is white or black, i. e. he is entirely indifferent to me:c.vide, quam te amārit is, qui albus aterve fueris ignorans, fratris filium praeteriit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 16:unde illa scivit, ater an albus nascerer,
Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Cat. 93, 2; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 38.—Albo rete aliquid oppugnare, to attack or seize upon something with a white net, i. e. in a delicate, skilful manner:d.qui hic albo rete aliena oppugnant bona,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 22 (so the passage seems to be more simply explained than acc. to the opinion of Gron.: qui albo (by the register of the prætor) tamquam rete, which omission of the tamquam is a Horatian, but not a Plautinian idiom). —Albā lineā aliquid signare, to make a white line upon a white ground, i. e. to make no distinction: et amabat omnes, nam ut discrimen non facit... signat linea alba, Lucil. ap. Non. 282, 28 (where the common editions have neque before signare, which gives the expression a directly opposite sense): albā, ut dicitur, lineā sine curā discriminis convertebant, Gell. praef. 11.—* e.Alba avis, a white sparrow, for something rare, uncommon, strange:* f.quasi avem albam videntur bene sentientem civem videre,
Cic. Fam. 7, 28 (quasi novum quiddam; proverbium ex eo natum, quia rarae aves albae, Manut. ad h. 1.).—Filius albae gallinae, fortune's favorite child, Juv. 13, 141, prob. an allusion to the miracle that happened to Livia in regard to a white hen, v. Plin. 15, 30, 40; Suet. Galb. 1 (Ruperti ad h. 1, refers this expression to the unfruitfulness of a white hen, and conpares Col. R. R. 8, 2, 7).—* g.Equis albis praecurrere aliquem, to excel, surpass one, Hor. S. 1, 7, 8 (the figure being drawn from the white horses attached to a triumphal chariot; cf. Suet. Ner. 25; id. Dom. 2).—II.Trop.A.Favorable, fortunate, propitious:B.simul alba nautis Stella refulsit,
i. e. the twin-star Castor, favorable to sailors, Hor. C. 1, 12, 27:dies,
Sil. 15, 53:sint omnia protinus alba,
Pers. 1, 110.—Poet. and act., of the wind, making clear or bright, dispersing the clouds; hence, dry:III.Notus,
Hor. C. 1, 7, 15 (as a transl. of the Gr. leukonotos):iapyx,
id. ib. 3, 27, 19 (cf.:clarus aquilo,
Verg. G. 1, 460).—Whence,album, i, n., whiteness.A.White color, white:2.maculis insignis et albo,
Verg. G. 3, 56;sparsis pellibus albo,
id. E. 2, 41:columnas polire albo,
to make white, whiten, Liv. 40, 51.—Hence,Esp.,a.The white of the eye:b.oculorum,
Cels. 2, 6; so id. 7, 7, n. 6 and 12.—The white of an egg:c.ovi,
Cels. 6, 6, n. 7.—In Col. 6, 17, 7, a white spot on the eye, i. e. a disease of it, = albugo.—B.In the lang. of polit. life, a white tablet, on which any thing is inscribed (like leukôma in Gr.).1.The tablets on which the Pontifex Maximus registered the principal events of the year, the Annales maximi (v. annales): in album referre, to enter or record in, Cic. de Or. 2, 12, 52; Liv. 1, 32, 2.—2.The tablets of the prœtor, on which his edicts were written, and which were posted up in some public place, Paul. Sent. l. 1, t. 14.—Hence, sedere ad album, to be employed with the edicts of the prœtor, Sen. Ep. 48:3.se ad album transferre,
Quint. 12, 3, 11 Spald.—Esp., a list of names, a register, e. g. Album senatorium, the tablet on which the names of the senators were enrolled, the roll, register, which, by the order of Augustus, was to be posted up annually in the senate-house, Diom. 55, 3, and Fragm. 137:aliquem albo senatorio eradere,
Tac. A. 4, 42 fin. —Also, the list of the judges chosen by the quœstors:aliquem albo judicum eradere,
Suet. Claud. 16; so id. Dom. 8.—And transf. to other catalogues of names:citharoedorum,
Suet. Ner. 21. -
66 at
at or ast, conj. [Curtius connects the Sanscr. ati, ultra, nimis, the Gr. eti, the Lat. et, and at in atavus; Vanicek connects with these at, atque, and atqui. Thus the original idea of addition is prominent in eti, et, and atque; and the idea of opposition in at and atqui, which agree with at-ar in meaning as well as in form. After the same analogy, the Gr. pleon, more, has become plên, but; and the Lat. magis has passed into the same meaning in the Fr. mais and the Ital. mai. The confusion in MSS. between at, ac, and et, and between atque and atqui, was prob. caused as much by their connection in idea as in form] (it was sometimes, for the sake of euphony, written ad; cf. Quint. 12, 10; 12, 32; 1, 7, 5; Charis. p. 203 P., where, instead of at conjunctionem esse, ad vero praepositionem, the reading should be, ad conjunctionem esse, at vero praepositionem, Fr.; v. the pass. in its connection; cf. also Vel. Long. p. 2230 P.; Cassiod. p. 2287 P.; Mar. Vict. p. 2458 P. The form ast is found in the old laws; it occurs once in Trag. Rel., but never in Com. Rel. nor in Lucil.; at is found in Plautus about 280 times, and ast about 10 times; in Ter. at about 100 times, and ast once; in Hor. at 60 times, ast 3 times; in Verg. at 168 times, ast 16; in Juv. at 17 times, ast 7; Catull., Tibull., and Prop. use only at, and Pers. (Jahn) only ast; in prose, Cic. uses [p. 186] ast in his epistles. It joins to a previous thought a new one, either antithetical or simply different, and especially an objection; while sed denotes a direct opposition; and autem marks a transition, and denotes at once a connection and an opposition).I.In adding a diff., but not entirely opp. thought, a qualification, restriction, etc., moreover, but, yet; sometimes an emphasized (but never merely copulative) and.A.In gen.: SEI PARENTEM PVER VERBERIT AST OLE PLORASSIT PVER DIVEIS PARENTOM SACER ESTO, if the son strike his father, and the father complain, let the son, etc., Lex Serv. Tullii ap. Fest. s. v. plorare, p. 230 Müll.; Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 24: Philosophari est mihi necesse, at paucis, but only in a few words, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 65 Rib.:B.DIVOS ET EOS QVI CAELESTES, SEMPER HABITI COLVNTO... AST OLLA PROPTER QVAE etc.,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19; 3, 4, 11: hinc Remus auspicio se devovet atque secundam Solus avem servat. At Romulus pulcer in alto Quaerit Aventino, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 83 Vahl.); Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 22:si ego hic peribo, ast ille, ut dixit, non redit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 25:paret Amor dictis carae genetricis. At Venus Ascanio placidam per membra quietem Inrigat,
Verg. A. 1, 691:(Aeneas) finem dedit ore loquendi. At, Phoebi nondum patiens, immanis in antro Bacchatur vates,
id. ib. 6, 77; 11, 709 sq.: quo (odore) totum nati corpus perduxit;at illi Dulcis compositis spiravit crinibus aura,
id. G. 4, 416; so id. ib. 4, 460; 4, 513; id. A. 3, 259; 3, 675; 7, 81; 8, 241; 9, 793; Prop. 4, 4, 15; 4, 7, 11; Luc. 3, 664; 4, 36 al.—Also in prose (chiefly post-Aug.):una (navis) cum Nasidianis profugit: at ex reliquis una praemissa Massiliam, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 2, 7:ubi facta sunt, in unum omnia miscentur. At pastilli haec ratio est, etc.,
Cels. 5, 17; 6, 18:quamquam insideret urbem proprius miles, tres urbanae, novem praetoriae cohortes Etruriā ferme Umbriāque delectae aut vetere Latio et coloniis antiquitus Romanis. At apud idonea provinciarum sociae triremes etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 5; 4, 6:negavit aliā se condicione adlecturum, quam si pateretur ascribi albo, extortum sibi a matre. At illa commota etc.,
Suet. Tib. 51; id. Calig. 15; 44; id. Vesp. 5; id. Dom. 4; id. Galb. 7 al.—In the enumeration of particulars:Cum alio cantat, at tamen alii suo dat digito litteras, Naev., Com. Rel. p. 20 Rib.: dant alios aliae (silvae) fetus: dant utile lignum Navigiis pinos... At myrtus validis hastilibus et bona bello Cornus,
Verg. G. 2, 447:Nam neque tum stellis acies obtunsa videtur... At nebulae magis etc.,
id. ib. 1, 401; 3, 87; id. A. 7, 691:Hic altā Sicyone, ast hic Amydone relictā, Hic Andro, etc.,
Juv. 3, 69.— The Vulg. often uses at as a mere continuative, where even et or atque might stand: sciscitabur ab iis ubi Christus nasceretur. At illi dixerunt ei: In etc., Matt. 2, 5; 4, 20; 8, 32; 14, 29; 15, 34 et persaep.—In transition,Esp.,1.To a new narration, like the Gr. de; so the commencement of the fourth book of the Æneid: At regina gravi jam dudum saucia curā, etc. (the third book closes with the narrative of Æneas); so the beginning of the third book of the Thebaid of Statius: At non Aoniae moderator perfidus aulae, etc.; Verg. A. 4, 504; 5, 35; 5, 545; 5, 700; 5, 779; 6, 679; 7, 5; 8, 370; 8, 608; 9, 503; 10, 689; 11, 597; 12, 134 et saep.—Also in the postAug. histt. and other prose writers; so after speaking of the Ubii etc., Tac. says: At in Chaucis coeptavere seditionem praesidium agitantes etc., A. 1, 38; so ib. 4, 13; 12, 62; 14, 23 et saep.—2.To a wonderful, terrible, unexpected, or exciting occurrence or circumstance:3.clamores simul horrendos ad sidera tollit, etc.... At gemini lapsu delubra ad summa dracones Effugiunt,
Verg. A. 2, 225; 3, 225:Lacte madens illic suberat Pan ilicis umbrae, Et facta agresti lignea falce Pales etc. At quā Velabri regio patet etc.,
Tib. 2, 5, 33; Verg. G. 4, 471:consurgit Turnus in ensem et ferit. Exclamant Troes trepidique Latini, Arrectaeque amborum acies. At perfidus ensis Frangitur in medio,
id. A. 12, 731; 10, 763:adusque Supremum tempus, ne se penuria victūs Opprimeret metuebat. At hunc liberta securi divisit medium,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 99: Magnus quanto mucrone minatur Noctibus hibernis et sidera terret Orion. At sonipes habitus etc., Stat. S. 1, 1, 46.—To a passionate appeal, etc., in which case the antecedent clause is not expressed, but must be considered as existing in the mind of the speaker; cf. in Gr. alla su, su de.a.In passing to an interrogation, exhortation, request:b.At, scelesta, viden ut ne id quidem me dignum esse existumat?
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 23; id. Aul. 1, 1, 8:At qui nummos tristis inuncat?
Lucil. 15, 21 Müll.: Me. Sauream non novi. Li. At nosce sane, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 58: Ca. Non adest. Ps. At tu cita, id. Ps. 1, 1, 30:satis habeo, at quaeso hercle etiam vide,
id. Merc. 5, 4, 53 (Ritschl, sat habeo. Sed):at unum hoc quaeso... Ut, etc.,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 89:at tu, qui laetus rides mala nostra caveto Mox tibi,
Tib. 1, 2, 87:Hunc ut Peleus vidit, At inferias, juvenum gratissime Crantor, Accipe, ait,
Ov. M. 12, 367:at tu, nauta, vagae ne parce malignus arenae Ossibus et capiti inhumato Particulam dare,
Hor. C. 1, 28, 23.—In prose:at vide quid succenseat,
Cic. Fam. 7, 24, 2:itaque pulsus ego civitate non sum, quae nulla erat: at vide, quam ista tui latrocinii tela contempserim,
id. Part. Or. 4, 1, 28; id. Dom. 44; App. M. 6, p. 179, 18.—In expressions of passion, astonishment, indignation, pain, etc.:c.At ut scelesta sola secum murmurat,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 13: Sc. Nunc quidem domi certost: certa res est Nunc nostrum opservare ostium, [ubi] ubist. Pa. At, Sceledre, quaeso, Ut etc., id. Mil. 2, 4, 46:At o deorum quidquid in caelo regit Terras et humanum genus, Quid iste fert tumultus?
Hor. Epod. 5, 1:At tibi quanta domus rutila testudine fulgens, etc.,
Stat. S. 2, 4, 11.—In prose:horum omnium studium una mater oppugnat: at quae mater?
Cic. Clu. 70; id. Verr. 2, 2, 45:at per deos immortales! quid est, quod de hoc dici possit,
id. ib. 2, 1, 46:institui senatores, qui omnia indicum responsa perscriberent. At quos viros!
id. Sull. 42; id. Deiot. 19, 33:tangit et ira deos: at non impune feremus,
Ov. M. 8, 279; 10, 724:at tibi Colchorum, memini, regina vacavi,
id. H. 12, 1.—In indignant imprecations:d.At te di omnes cum consilio, Calve, mactāssint malo! Pomp., Com. Rel. p. 245 Rib.: At te Juppiter diique omnes perdant!
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 37:At te di deaeque faxint cum isto odio, Laches,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 59:At te di perdant,
id. Eun. 3, 1, 41:At tibi di dignum factis exitium duint,
id. And. 4, 1, 42:At vobis male sit,
Cat. 3, 13:At tibi, pro scelere, exclamat, pro talibus ausis Di... persolvant grates dignas et praemia reddant Debita!
Verg. A. 2, 535.—In prose:At vos, ait, devota capita, respiciant di perjuriorum vindices,
Just. 14, 4, 10.—Rarely of friendly inclination, disposition:e.At tibi di bene faciant omnes,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 18:At tibi di semper, adulescens, quisquis es, faciant bene,
id. Men. 5, 7, 32:At tu, Catulle, destinatus obdura,
Cat. 8, 19.—In entreaty:II.At vos, o superi, miserescite regis,
Verg. A. 8, 572:at tu, pater deūm hominumque, hinc saltem arce hostes,
Liv. 1, 12.—In adding an entirely opposite thought, but, but indeed, but on the other hand, on the contrary, etc. (the strictly class. signif. of the word).A.In gen.: at differentiam rerum significat: ut cum dicimus, Scipio est bellator, at M. Cato orator, Paul. ex Fest. p. 11 Müll.: splendet saepe, ast idem nimbis interdum nigret, Att., Trag. Rel. p. 170 Rib.: So. Mentire nunc. Me. At jam faciam, ut verum dicas dicere, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 189: So. Per Jovem juro med etc. Me. At ego per Mercurium juro, tibi etc., id. ib. 1, 1, 280:a.Atque oppido hercle bene velle illud visus sum, Ast non habere quoi commendarem caprum,
id. Merc. 2, 1, 22:fecit idem Themistocles... at idem Pericles non fecit,
Cic. Att. 7, 11, 3:non placet M. Antonio consulatus meus, at placuit P. Servilio,
id. Phil. 2, 5, 12:majores nostri Tusculanos Aequos... in civitatem etiam acceperunt, at Karthaginem et Numantiam funditus sustulerunt,
id. Off. 1, 11, 35: brevis a naturā nobis vita data est;at memoria bene redditae vitae sempiterna,
id. Phil. 14, 12, 32; id. Cat. 2, 2, 3; id. Leg. 2, 18:crebras a nobis litteras exspecta, ast plures etiam ipse mittito,
id. Att. 1, 16 fin.: Rejectis pilis comminus gladiis pugnatum est. At Germani phalange factā impetus gladiorum exceperunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 52:Postquam Caesar dicendi finem fecit, ceteri verbo alius alii varie adsentiebantur. At M. Porcius Cato hujusce modi orationem habuit,
Sall. C. 52, 1:hac iter Elysium nobis, at laeva... ad impia Tartara mittit,
Verg. A. 6, 542: T. Ante leves ergo pascentur in aethere cervi... M. At nos hinc alii sitientīs ibimus Afros, id. E. 1, 65: Dam. Malo me Galatea petit, lasciva puella... Men. At mihi sese offert ultro meus ignis Amyntas, id. ib. 3, 66; 7, 35; 7, 55; id. G. 1, 219; 1, 242; 1, 370; 2, 151; 2, 184; 3, 331; 4, 18; 4, 180; id. A. 2, 35; 2, 687; 3, 424; 5, 264;6, 489: Ast ego nutrici non mando vota,
Pers. 2, 39:ast illi tremat etc.,
id. 6, 74:Ast vocat officium,
id. 6, 27:At Jesus audiens ait,
Vulg. Matt. 9, 12; 9, 22; 12, 3; 12, 48 et persaep.—In order to strengthen a contrast, sometimes (esp. in Plaut. and Ter.) with contra, e contrario, potius, etiam, vero.(α).With contra:(β).Summis nitere opibus, at ego contra ut dissimilis siem,
Lucil. 26, 19 Müll.:Ergo quod magnumst aeque leviusque videtur... At contra gravius etc.,
Lucr. 1, 366; so id. 1, 570; 1, 1087; 2, 235: L. Opimius ejectus est e patriā: At contra bis Catilina absolutus est, Cic. Pis. 95; id. Verr. 5, 66; id. Sex. Rosc. 131; id. Quinct. 75:At tibi contra Evenit, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 27:(Cornutus) taedio curarum mortem in se festinavit: at contra reus nihil infracto animo, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 28.—With e contrario: apud nos mercenarii scribae existimantur;(γ).at apud illos e contrario nemo ad id officium admittitur, nisi, etc.,
Nep. Eum. 1, 5:in locis siccis partibus sulcorum imis disponenda sunt semina, ut tamquam in alveolis maneant. At uliginosis e contrario in summo porcae dorso collocanda, etc.,
Col. 11, 3, 44.—With potius:(δ).at satius fuerat eam viro dare nuptum potius,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 44:at potius serves nostram, tua munera, vitam,
Ov. H. 3, 149.—With etiam: At etiam, furcifer, Male loqui mi audes? but do you even? etc., Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 31; id. Trin. 4, 2, 151; id. Rud. 3, 4, 6:(ε).At etiam cubat cuculus. Surge, amator, i domum,
but he is yet abed, id. As. 5, 2, 73; so id. Capt. 2, 3, 98; id. Mil. 4, 4, 6:Exi foras, sceleste. At etiam restitas, Fugitive!
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 1; 5, 6, 10: Proinde aut exeant, aut quiescant, etc.... at etiam sunt, Quirites, qui dicant, a me in exsilium ejectum esse Catilinam, on the contrary, there are indeed people who say. etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 12; id. Phil. 2, 30, 76; id. Quinct. 56; id. Verr. 5, 77; id. Dom. 70 al.—With vero, but certainly:(ζ).At vero aut honoribus aucti aut etc.,
Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 87; id. Off. 2, 20, 70; 2, 23, 80; id. Fin. 1, 10, 33; id. Verr. 2, 5, 17 al.—With certe:(η).Numquam ego te, vitā frater amabilior, Aspiciam posthac. At certe semper amabo,
Cat. 65, 11; 66, 25. —So, quidem—at (very rare) = quidem —autem, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 75.—b.Ironically: Th. Quid valeam? Ly. At tu aegrota, si lubet, per me aetatem quidem, Plaut. Curc. 4, 3, 22:B.at, credo, mea numina tandem Fessa jacent,
Verg. A. 7, 297; 7, 363; Ov. H. 1, 44.—Very freq. in adding an objection, from one's own mind or another's, against an assertion previously made, but, on the contrary, in opposition to this; sometimes, but one may say, it may be objected, and the like:a.Piscium magnam atque altilium vim interfecisti. At nego,
Lucil. 28, 43 Müll.:Quid tandem te impedit? Mosne majorum? At persaepe etiam privati in hac re publicā perniciosos cives morte multārunt. An leges, quae de civium Romanorum supplicio rogatae sunt? At numquam in hac urbe etc.,
Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 28:Appellandi tempus non erat? At tecum plus annum vixit. In Galliā agi non potuit? At et in provinciā jus dicebatur et etc.,
id. Quinct. 41:Male judicavit populus. At judicavit. Non debuit. At potuit. Non fero. At multi clarissimi cives tulerunt,
id. Planc. 11:sunt, quos signa, quos caelatum argentum delectant. At sumus, inquiunt, civitatis principes,
id. Part. Or. 5, 2, 36; id. Fin. 4, 25, 71; id. Verr. 2, 2 fin.:quid porro quaerendum est? Factumne sit? At constat: A quo? At patet,
id. Mil. 6, 15; id. Phil. 2, 9: convivium vicinorum cotidie compleo, quod ad multam noctem, quam maxime possumus, vario sermone producimus. At non est voluptatum tanta quasi titillatio in senibus. Credo: sed ne desideratio quidem, [p. 187] id. Sen. 14, 47:multo magnus orator praestat minutis imperatoribus. At prodest plus imperator. Quis negat?
id. Brut. 73, 256; id. Div. 2, 29, 62; 2, 31, 67; 2, 32, 69 al.:Maxime Juppiter! At in se Pro quaestu sumptum facit hic,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 18 al. — In this case freq. strengthened,By pol, edepol, hercule: At pol ego neque florem neque flocces volo mihi, Caecil., Com. Rel. p. 67 Rib.: So. Non edepol volo profecto. Me. At pol profecto ingratiis, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 215; so id. As. 2, 2, 34; 4, 2, 14; id. Capt. 3, 4, 64; id. Cas. 2, 3, 15; id. Cist. 4, 2, 70; id. Trin. 2, 4, 73: Ha. Gaudio ero vobis. Ad. At edepol nos voluptati tibi, id. Poen. 5, 4, 61; 3, 1, 68:b.At hercule aliquot annos populus Romanus maximā parte imperii caruit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 54; id. Sex. Rosc. 50:at hercle in eā controversiā, quae de Argis est, superior sum,
Liv. 34, 31:At, Hercule, reliquis omnibus etc.,
Plin. 7, 50, 51, § 169:At, hercules, Diodorus et in morbo etc.,
id. 29, 6, 39, § 142:At hercule Germanicum Druso ortum etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 3; 1, 17; 1, 26;3, 54: At, hercules, si conscius fuissem etc.,
Curt. 6, 10, 20 al. —By enim, which introduces a reason for the objection implied in at, but certainly, but surely, but indeed, etc., alla gar: At enim tu nimis spisse incedis, Naev., Com. Rel. p. 16 Rib.; Turp. id. p. 93: at enim nimis hic longo sermone utimur;c.Diem conficimus,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 78:At enim istoc nil est magis etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 21:At enim vereor, inquit Crassus, ne haec etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 188:cum dixisset Sophocles, O puerum pulchrum, Pericle. At enim praetorem, Sophocle, decet non solum manus, sed etiam oculos abstinentes habere, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 40, 144 Beier; so id. Mur. 35, 74; id. Inv. 2, 17, 52 al.:at enim inter hos ipsos existunt graves controversiae,
id. Quinct. 1; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51; 20, 60; id. Phil. 2, 2, 3; id. Ac. 2, 17, 52:At enim cur a me potissimum hoc praesidium petiverunt?
id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 15:At enim quis reprehendet, quod in parricidas rei publicae decretum erit?
Sall. C. 51, 25 Kritz:At enim quid ita solus ego circum curam ago?
Liv. 6, 15; 34, 32:At enim eo foedere, quod etc.,
id. 21, 18; 34, 31; 39, 37: At enim nova nobis in fratrum filias conjugia;sed etc.,
Tac. A. 12, 6.—By tamen: Jam id peccatum primum magnum, magnum, at humanum tamen, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 53: Hi secretis sermonibus... conveniunt;C.nam publice civitas talibus inceptis abhorrebat. At tamen interfuere quidam etc.,
Tac. H. 4, 55:At certe tamen, inquiunt, quod etc.,
Cat. 10, 14.—With a preced. negative, sometimes no antithesis is appended by at, but it is indicated that if what has been said is not true, yet at least something else is true, but yet; sometimes with tamen, but yet; or certe, but at least, yet at least:D.Nolo victumas: at minimis me extis placare volo,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 95:Si tibi non cordi fuerant conubia nostra,... At tamen in vostras potuisti ducere sedes,
Cat. 64, 158 sq.:Non cognoscebantur foris, at domi: non ab alienis, at a suis,
Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 56:Liceat haec nobis, si oblivisci non possumus, at tacere,
id. Fl. 25, 61:Si genus humanum et mortalia temnitis arma, At sperate deos memores fandi atque nefandi,
Verg. A. 1, 543; so id. ib. 4, 615, and 6, 406. —With certe:Haec erant... quorum cognitio studiosis juvenibus si non magnam utilitatem adferet, at certe, quod magis petimus, bonam voluntatem,
Quint. 12, 11, 31; Cels. 2, 15; Suet. Calig. 12, al.—The antithesis is sometimes not so much in the clause appended by at, as in the persons or things introduced in it; so,(α).Esp. freq. in conditional clauses with si, si non, si minus, etiam si, etc.; cf. Herm. ad Viger. 241: Si ego hic peribo, ast ille, ut dixit, non redit; At erit mi hoc factum mortuo memorabile, if I perish here, but he does not return, yet etc., Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 26; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 131:(β).si ego digna hac contumeliā Sum maxime, at tu indignus qui faceres tamen,
Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 25:Si tu oblitus es, at di meminerunt,
Cat. 30, 11:si non eo die, at postridie,
Cato, R. R. 2, 1:si non paulo, at aliquanto (post petīsses),
Cic. Quinct. 40; 97; id. Mil. 93 al.:quanta tempestas invidiae nobis, si minus in praesens, at in posteritatem impendeat,
id. Cat. 1, 22; id. Verr. 5, 69; id. Clu. 15: qui non possit, etiam si sine ullā suspitione, at non sine argumento male dicere, id. Cael. 3, 8.—With etsi:(γ).ei, etsi nequāquam parem illius ingenio, at pro nostro tamen studio meritam gratiam referamus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 14; Tac. Or. 19.—With quod si:E.Quod si nihil cum potentiore juris humani relinquitur inopi, at ego ad deos confugiam,
Liv. 9, 1; Tac. A. 1, 67.—At, like autem and de, sometimes serves simply to introduce an explanation: cum Sic mutilus miniteris. At illi foeda cicatrix etc., now an ugly scar etc., Hor. S. 1, 5, 60. —F.And also like de in Hom. and Hdt., it sometimes introduces an apodosis,a.With si: Bellona, si hobie nobis victoriam duis, ast ego templum tibi voveo, if to-day thou bestow victory, then I etc., ean—de, Liv. 10, 19.—b.With quoniam: Nunc, quoniam tuum insanabile ingenium est, at tu tuo supplicio doce etc., since your disposition is past cure, at least etc., epei—de, Liv. 1, 28.► A.At is sometimes repeated at the beginning of several clauses,a.In opposition each to the preceding clause: Soph. Tu quidem haut etiam octoginta's pondo. Paegn. At confidentiā Militia illa militatur multo magis quam pondere. At ego hanc operam perdo, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 47 sq.:b.Si ego hic peribo, ast ille, ut dixit, non redit: At erit mi hoc factum mortuo memorabile,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 25 sq.; id. As. 5, 2, 6 sqq. (Cic., in Quir. 7 and 10, opposes at to sed, and Tac., in A. 12, 6, sed to at).—In opposition to some common clause preceding:B.At etiam asto? At etiam cesso foribus facere hisce assulas?
Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 20: Quid tum esse existimas judicatum? Certe gratīs judicāsse. At condemnārat; at causam totam non audierat;at in contionibus etc.,
Cic. Caecin. 113:Sit flagitiorum omnium princeps: at est bonus imperator, at felix,
id. Verr. 5, 4; id. Sest. 47; id. Fragm. B. 16, 5 B. and K.: Nefarius Hippias Pisistrati filius arma contra patriam ferens;at Sulla, at Marius, at Cinna recte, imo jure fortasse,
id. Att. 9, 10, 3: At non formosa est, at non bene culta puella;At, puto, non votis saepe petita meis?
Ov. Am. 3, 7, 1 sq. Merk.:At quam sunt similes, at quam formosus uterque!
id. F. 2, 395: rideri possit eo quod Rusticius tonso toga defluit: at est bonus ut melior vir Non alius quisquam; at tibi amicus;at ingenium ingens Inculto latet hoc sub corpore,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 30 sqq. (cf. sed—sed,
Cat. 64, 141; Juv. 5, 61; 8, 149; and a similar use of alla in Hellenistic Greek, as alla—alla, 2 Cor. 2, 17: alla—alla —alla, 1 Cor. 6, 11).—Though regularly occupying the first place in its clause or sentence, it sometimes stands second (cf. atque fin.):Saepius at si me, Lycida formose, revisas,
Verg. E. 7, 67; id. G. 3, 331:Tutior at quanto merx est in classe secundā,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 47:Mentior at si quid, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 8, 37:Gramineis ast inde toris discumbitur,
Val. Fl. 8, 255:Major at inde etc.,
Stat. Th. 4, 116.—See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 417-451; Wagner, Quaest. XXXVII. ad Verg. IV. pp. 581- 585. -
67 ex or (only before consonants) ē
ex or (only before consonants) ē praep. with abl, out of, from within (opp. in). I. In space, out of, from: signa ex urbe tollere: solem e mundo tollere: ex hoc fonticulo tantumdem sumere, H.: ex Aethiopiā Ancillula, T.: ex urbe sicarii: eius ex Africā reditus: ex Hispaniā quidam, Cs.: puer ex aulā, H.—From, down from, from off: ex speluncā saxum in crura eius incidisse: equestribus proeliis saepe ex equis desiliunt, from horseback, Cs.: cecidisse ex equo dicitur.—Up from, above, out of: collis paululum ex planitie editus, Cs.: globum terrae eminentem e mari.—In gen., from, down from, at, in, upon: ex cruce Italiam cernere: ex equo pugnare: ex loco superiore conspicatus, etc., Cs.: ex hoc loco verba fecisti: ex vinculis causam dicere, L.— Esp., in adverbial phrases: ex itinere, on the march, without halting, S.: ex fugā, during the flight, Cs.: portus ex adverso urbi positus, opposite, L.: erat e regione oppidi collis, over against, Cs.: ex omni parte perfectum, entirely: aliquā ex parte incommodis mederi, in some measure: impetūs ex maximā parte servorum: e vestigio, suddenly.— II. In time, of succession, from, immediately after, directly after, after, following: Cotta ex consulatu est profectus in Galliam: tanta vilitas annonae ex inopiā consecuta est: ex magnis rupibus nactus planitem, Cs.: Aliam rem ex aliā cogitare, T.: alia ex aliis iniquiora postulando, L.: diem ex die exspectabam, day after day.—Of duration, from... onward, from, since, beginning at: ex eā die ad hanc diem: ex eo die, quo, etc.: ex certo tempore, after a fixed date: ex aeterno tempore: Motum ex Metello consule (bellum), H.: octavus annus est, ex quo, etc., since, Ta.: Romae vereor ne ex Kal. Ian. magni tumultūs sint, after. —With the notion of escape or relief, from and after, from: se ex labore reficere, Cs.: ex illo metu mortis recreatus: animus ex miseriis requievit, S. — Esp., in phrases: ex tempore effutire, off hand, without reflection: ex meo tempore, for my convenience: in quibus (quaestionibus) ex tempore officium quaeritur, according to circumstances: ex intervallo consequi, after a while: ex tempore aliquo.— III. Fig., of the point of departure, away from, from, out of, of: amicitiam e vitā tollunt: e fundo eiectus, dispossessed of: agro ex hoste capto, L.: ex populo R. bona accipere, S. —Partitive uses, of a whole or class, of, out of, from among, among: alia ex hoc quaestu, i. e. trade, T.: non orator unus e multis, i. e. no common: acerrimus ex omnibus sensibus: ex primo hastato (ordine) legionis, one of the first division, Cs.: multum ex ripā colere, Ta.: altitudo puppium ex navibus, Cs. — Of the means, out of, by means of, with: ex incommodis Alterius sua ut conparent commoda, T.: ex caede vivunt: largiri ex alieno, L.; cf. ex iure hesterno panem vorent, dipped in, T.—Of the origin or source, from, out of, born of, arising from: bellorum causae ex rei p. contentione natae: ex pertinaciā oritur seditio: ex animo amicus, heartily.—Esp. with verbs of sense, intelligence, etc.: quā re negent, ex me non audies: ut ex amicis acceperam: ex quo intellegere posset: ut ex iis quaeratur: video ex litteris.—Of the material, of, out of: statua ex aere facta: (homo) qui ex animo constet et corpore: milites mixti ex conluvione gentium, L. — Of a condition or nature which is changed, from, out of: di ex hominibus facti: ex exsule consul: duas ex unā civitate discordia fecerat, L. — Of the cause, from, through, by, in consequence of, by reason of, on account of: gravida e Pamphilo, T.: infirmus ex morbo: e viā languere: ex gravitate loci volgari morbos, L.: ex illā ipsā re, for that very reason: e quo efficitur, non ut, etc.: ex hac clade atrox ira, L.: ex legato timor, Ta.—From, after, on account of: cui postea Africano cognomen ex virtute fuit, S.: nomen ex vitio positum, O.: urbem e suo nomine Romam iussit nominari. —Of measure or rule, according to, after, in conformity with, in pursuance of, by: ex aliarum ingeniis me iudicet, T.: dies ex praeceptis tuis actus: ex consuetudine suā, Cs.: e virtute vivere: ex senatūs sententiā: ex sententiā, satisfactorily, T.: illum ex artificio comico aestimabat.—Esp., in the phrases, ex re, according to the fact, to the advantage, to profit: oratio ex re et ex causā habita: Non ex re istius, for his good, T.: garrit Ex re fabellas, apt, H.: quid tam e re p. fuit? for the public benefit: ex usu, advantageous: ex usu quod est, id persequar, T.: rem ex usu Galliae accidisse, Cs.: e re natā, according to circumstances, T.—Of manner, mostly in adverb. phrases: res ex libidine magis quam ex vero celebrare, arbitrarily... justly, S.: dicam ex animo, outright: ex composito, by agreement, L.: ex facili, with ease, Ta.— IV. In compounds, ex stands before vowels and h, and before c, p (except epoto, epotus), q, s (except escendere, escensio), t; ef (sometimes ec) before f; ē before b, d, g, i consonant, l (except exlex), m, n, v. For exs-, ex- alone is often written (exanguis for exsanguis, etc.). -
68 atrium
ātrĭum, ii, n. [acc. to Scaliger, from aithrion, subdiale, since it was a part of the uncovered portion of the house (but the atrium of the Romans was always covered); acc. to Varr. L. L. 5, § 161 Müll., from the Tuscan town Atria, where this style of architecture originated; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 13 Müll.; and Müller, Etrusk. 1, p. 254 sq.; but better from ater, acc. to the explanation of Servius: ibi etiam culina erat, unde et atrium dictum est; atrum enim erat ex fumo, ad Verg. A. 1, 730].I.The fore-court, hall, entrance-room, entry; that part of the Roman house into which one first came after passing the entrance (janua); cf. Vitr. 6, 4; O. Müller, Archaeol. III. § 293, and Etrusk. above cited. In earlier times, the atrium was used as a dining-room, Cato ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 726. Here stood, opposite the door, the lectus genialis, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 87;II.here sat the housewife with her maidens spinning,
Arn. adv. Gent. 2, 67;here clients were in attendance,
Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 31; Juv. 7, 7 and 91;and here hung the family portraits and other paintings,
Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 55; Mart. 2, 90; Val. Max. 5, 8, 3; Vulg. Matt. 26, 58; ib. Marc. 14, 54; ib. Joan. 18, 15 al.— Poet. in the plur., of a single atrium:Apparet domus intus et atria longa patescunt,
Verg. A. 2, 483; so Ov. M. 14, 260; Juv. 8, 20 al.— Meton. for the house itself:nec capient Phrygias atria nostra nurus,
Ov. H. 16, 184; id. M. 13, 968.—So of the entrance-room in the dwelling of the gods: dextrā laevāque deorum Atria nobilium (as it were clients, v. supra) valvis celebrantur apertis, Ov. M. 1, 172; Stat. Th. 1, 197.—In temples and other public buildings there was often an atrium, a hall, court:in atrio Libertatis,
Cic. Mil. 22, 59; Liv. 25, 7; 45, 15; Tac. H. 1, 31; Suet. Aug. 29:Vestae,
Plin. Ep. 7, 19, 2;also called atrium regium,
Liv. 26, 27; cf. Ov. F. 6, 263; id. Tr. 3, 1, 30:atrium tabernaculi,
Vulg. Exod. 27, 9; ib. Lev. 6, 26:in atriis Domūs Dei,
ib. Psa. 91, 14; 134, 2;Smith, Dict. Antiq.—So atrium auctionarium,
an auction-hall, auction-room, Cic. Agr. 1, 3; so Inscr. Orell. 3439; and absol., atria:cum desertis Aganippes Vallibus esuriens migraret in atria Clio,
Juv. 7, 7. Such halls were the Atria Licinia, Cic. Quinct. 6, 25: ATRIVM SVTORIVM, the shoemakers' hall, a place in Rome, Calend. Praenest. Inscr. Orell. II. 386. -
69 Janus
Jānus, i, m. [root i, ire, prop. a going, a going through, passage; cf. janua], an old Italian deity. He was represented with a face on the front and another on the back of his head, Ov. F. 1, 245;II.hence, anceps,
id. M. 14, 334. The month of January, Mensis Jani, Ov. F. 2, 51, was sacred to him, as were all other beginnings. The myth makes him a king of Latium or Etruria, where he hospitably received Saturn when expelled by Jupiter from Crete, Macr. S. 1, 7, 8, 9. He had a small temple in the Forum, with two doors opposite to each other, which in time of war stood open and in time of peace were shut;the temple was thrice closed on this account: in the time of Numa, after the first Punic war, and after the battle of Actium,
Ov. F. 1, 281. With reference to his temple, the deity was called Janus geminus, or Janus Quirinus, Macr. S. 1, 9; Suet. Aug. 22; for which, poet.:Janus Quirini,
Hor. C. 4, 15, 9.—Joined with pater:Januspater,
Gell. 5, 12, 5.—Transf.A.The temple of Janus:B.Janum ad infimum Argiletum indicem pacis bellique fecit,
Liv. 1, 19; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 1.—An arched passageway, covered passage, arcade:C.janos tres faciendos locavit,
Liv. 41, 27; 2, 49; Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 67; Suet. Aug. 31.—In partic., [p. 1013] Jani, four arched passages in the Roman Forum, where the merchants and moneychangers had their stand:D.qui Puteal Janumque timet, celeresque Calendas,
Ov. R. Am. 561:haec Janus summus ab imo Prodocet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:postquam omnis res mea Janum Ad medium fracta est,
id. S. 2, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 2, 25, 90; id. Phil. 6, 5, 15 al.—A year:vive, vale et totidem venturos congere Janos, quot, etc.,
Aus. Ep. 20, 13. -
70 Achaia
I.The province of Achaia, in the northern part of the Peloponnesus, on the Gulf of Corinth, earlier called Aegialea (maritime country), Mel. 2, 3, 4; Plin. 4, 5, 6.—Hence,B.In gen. (cf. the Homeric Achaioi), for Greece, opposite to Troja:II.et quot Troja tulit, vetus et quot Achaia formas,
Prop. 2, 21, 53; cf. Ov. M. 8, 268; id. Her. 17, 209 al.—After the destruction of Corinth by Mummius, B. C. 146, Greece proper became a Rom. prov. under the name of Achaia. — Hence, Ăchāĭăs, ădis, adj., An Achaean or Greek woman, Ov. H. 3, 71.— Ăchāĭ-cus, a, um, adj., Achaean, Grecian.I.Poet., opp. to Trojan:II.manus,
Verg. A. 5, 623:ignis,
Hor. C. 1, 15, 35.—Belonging to the Roman province Achaia:I. II.homines,
Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1:negotium,
id. Fam. 4, 4, 2:concilium,
Liv. 43, 17, 4.—Hence L. Mummius obtained, for the destruction of Corinth and the complete subjugation of Greece, the honorary title of Achaïcus. Vell. 1, 13, 2; Plin. 35, 4, 8, § 24;and so as surname of one of his descendants: Mummia Achaica,
Suet. Galb. 3.— Ăchāĭs, ĭdis, adj., f. -
71 Achaias
I.The province of Achaia, in the northern part of the Peloponnesus, on the Gulf of Corinth, earlier called Aegialea (maritime country), Mel. 2, 3, 4; Plin. 4, 5, 6.—Hence,B.In gen. (cf. the Homeric Achaioi), for Greece, opposite to Troja:II.et quot Troja tulit, vetus et quot Achaia formas,
Prop. 2, 21, 53; cf. Ov. M. 8, 268; id. Her. 17, 209 al.—After the destruction of Corinth by Mummius, B. C. 146, Greece proper became a Rom. prov. under the name of Achaia. — Hence, Ăchāĭăs, ădis, adj., An Achaean or Greek woman, Ov. H. 3, 71.— Ăchāĭ-cus, a, um, adj., Achaean, Grecian.I.Poet., opp. to Trojan:II.manus,
Verg. A. 5, 623:ignis,
Hor. C. 1, 15, 35.—Belonging to the Roman province Achaia:I. II.homines,
Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1:negotium,
id. Fam. 4, 4, 2:concilium,
Liv. 43, 17, 4.—Hence L. Mummius obtained, for the destruction of Corinth and the complete subjugation of Greece, the honorary title of Achaïcus. Vell. 1, 13, 2; Plin. 35, 4, 8, § 24;and so as surname of one of his descendants: Mummia Achaica,
Suet. Galb. 3.— Ăchāĭs, ĭdis, adj., f. -
72 Achaicus
I.The province of Achaia, in the northern part of the Peloponnesus, on the Gulf of Corinth, earlier called Aegialea (maritime country), Mel. 2, 3, 4; Plin. 4, 5, 6.—Hence,B.In gen. (cf. the Homeric Achaioi), for Greece, opposite to Troja:II.et quot Troja tulit, vetus et quot Achaia formas,
Prop. 2, 21, 53; cf. Ov. M. 8, 268; id. Her. 17, 209 al.—After the destruction of Corinth by Mummius, B. C. 146, Greece proper became a Rom. prov. under the name of Achaia. — Hence, Ăchāĭăs, ădis, adj., An Achaean or Greek woman, Ov. H. 3, 71.— Ăchāĭ-cus, a, um, adj., Achaean, Grecian.I.Poet., opp. to Trojan:II.manus,
Verg. A. 5, 623:ignis,
Hor. C. 1, 15, 35.—Belonging to the Roman province Achaia:I. II.homines,
Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1:negotium,
id. Fam. 4, 4, 2:concilium,
Liv. 43, 17, 4.—Hence L. Mummius obtained, for the destruction of Corinth and the complete subjugation of Greece, the honorary title of Achaïcus. Vell. 1, 13, 2; Plin. 35, 4, 8, § 24;and so as surname of one of his descendants: Mummia Achaica,
Suet. Galb. 3.— Ăchāĭs, ĭdis, adj., f. -
73 Achais
I.The province of Achaia, in the northern part of the Peloponnesus, on the Gulf of Corinth, earlier called Aegialea (maritime country), Mel. 2, 3, 4; Plin. 4, 5, 6.—Hence,B.In gen. (cf. the Homeric Achaioi), for Greece, opposite to Troja:II.et quot Troja tulit, vetus et quot Achaia formas,
Prop. 2, 21, 53; cf. Ov. M. 8, 268; id. Her. 17, 209 al.—After the destruction of Corinth by Mummius, B. C. 146, Greece proper became a Rom. prov. under the name of Achaia. — Hence, Ăchāĭăs, ădis, adj., An Achaean or Greek woman, Ov. H. 3, 71.— Ăchāĭ-cus, a, um, adj., Achaean, Grecian.I.Poet., opp. to Trojan:II.manus,
Verg. A. 5, 623:ignis,
Hor. C. 1, 15, 35.—Belonging to the Roman province Achaia:I. II.homines,
Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1:negotium,
id. Fam. 4, 4, 2:concilium,
Liv. 43, 17, 4.—Hence L. Mummius obtained, for the destruction of Corinth and the complete subjugation of Greece, the honorary title of Achaïcus. Vell. 1, 13, 2; Plin. 35, 4, 8, § 24;and so as surname of one of his descendants: Mummia Achaica,
Suet. Galb. 3.— Ăchāĭs, ĭdis, adj., f. -
74 Achaius
I.The province of Achaia, in the northern part of the Peloponnesus, on the Gulf of Corinth, earlier called Aegialea (maritime country), Mel. 2, 3, 4; Plin. 4, 5, 6.—Hence,B.In gen. (cf. the Homeric Achaioi), for Greece, opposite to Troja:II.et quot Troja tulit, vetus et quot Achaia formas,
Prop. 2, 21, 53; cf. Ov. M. 8, 268; id. Her. 17, 209 al.—After the destruction of Corinth by Mummius, B. C. 146, Greece proper became a Rom. prov. under the name of Achaia. — Hence, Ăchāĭăs, ădis, adj., An Achaean or Greek woman, Ov. H. 3, 71.— Ăchāĭ-cus, a, um, adj., Achaean, Grecian.I.Poet., opp. to Trojan:II.manus,
Verg. A. 5, 623:ignis,
Hor. C. 1, 15, 35.—Belonging to the Roman province Achaia:I. II.homines,
Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1:negotium,
id. Fam. 4, 4, 2:concilium,
Liv. 43, 17, 4.—Hence L. Mummius obtained, for the destruction of Corinth and the complete subjugation of Greece, the honorary title of Achaïcus. Vell. 1, 13, 2; Plin. 35, 4, 8, § 24;and so as surname of one of his descendants: Mummia Achaica,
Suet. Galb. 3.— Ăchāĭs, ĭdis, adj., f. -
75 adspergo
1.a-spergo ( adsp-, Ritschl, Jan; asp-, others; in MSS. sometimes aspar-go, v. Cort. ad Luc. 1, 384, and Wagner ad Verg. G. 3, 419, and infra examples from Lucr. and Hor.; cf. 2. aspergo), ersi, ersum, 3, v. a. [spargo].I.Aliquid (alicui rei), to scatter, strew something on something; or of liquids, to sprinkle, spatter over (syn.: adfundo, inicio; never in Ovid, but he often uses the simple spargo).A.Lit.:B.aequor Ionium glaucis aspargit virus ab undis,
Lucr. 1, 719 Lachm.:Ah! adspersisti aquam, Jam rediit animus,
you have dashed water on me, have revived me, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 15:Euax, adspersisti aquam,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 13:guttam bulbo (with a play upon the names Gutta and Bulbus),
Cic. Clu. 26, 71:pigmenta in tabulā,
id. Div. 1, 13, 23:corpus ejus adustum adspergunt aliis carnibus,
Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136:liquor adspersus oculis,
id. 12, 8, 18, § 34:Bubus glandem tum adspergi convenit,
id. 18, 26, 63, § 232:corpus floribus aspersis veneratus est,
Suet. Aug. 18:pecori virus aspergere,
to infect, poison, Verg. G. 3, 419:aspergens cinerem capiti,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 13, 15:huc tu jussos asperge sapores,
Verg. G. 4, 62:Non nihil aspersis gaudet Amor lacrimis,
Prop. 1, 12, 16:sanguinem aspergere,
Vulg. 2 Par. 29, 24:nivem,
ib. Eccli. 43, 19.—Trop.:II.cum clarissimo viro non nullam laudatione tuā labeculam aspergas,
fasten upon, Cic. Vatin. 17, 41:ne qua ex tuā summā indignitate labes illius dignitati aspersa videatur,
id. ib. 6, 15:notam alicui,
Dig. 37, 14, 17 fin. (cf.:allinere notam,
Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17).—So of an inheritance, to bestow, bequeath something to, to set apart for:Aebutio sextulam aspergit,
Cic. Caecin. 6, 17.— Poet.:alas: lacteus extentas aspergit circulus alas,
Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 175.—In gen., to add to, to join, = adjungere:si illius (sc. Catonis majoris) comitatem et facilitatem tuae gravitati severitatique asperseris,
Cic. Mur. 31 fin.:huic generi orationis aspergentur etiam sales,
id. Or. 26, 87; id. ad Q. Fr. 2, 10:hos aspersi, ut scires etc.,
id. Fam. 2, 16 fin. —Aliquem or aliquid aliquā re (cf. Ramsh. Gr. p. 362; Zumpt, Gr. § 418), to strew some person or thing with something, to splash over, besprinkle, bespatter, bedew, lit. and trop.A.Lit.:B.ah, guttulā Pectus ardens mihi adspersisti (cf. supra, aquam),
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 28:quas (sedes) nec nubila nimbis Aspergunt,
Lucr. 3, 20:ne aram sanguine aspergeret,
Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88; so Vulg. 4 Reg. 9, [p. 175] 33; ib. Apoc. 19, 13:sanguine mensas,
Ov. M. 5, 40; and with de:asperget de sanguine ejus (turturis) parietem altaris,
Vulg. Lev. 5, 9:vaccam semine,
Liv. 41, 13:Vinxit et aspersas altera vitta comas,
the sprinkled hair, Prop. 5, 11, 34 (Müller, † acceptas):imbre lutoque Aspersus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 12 K. and H.; Claud. B. Gild. 494:aquā,
Vulg. Num. 8, 7; ib. 2 Macc. 1, 21:hyssopo,
ib. Psa. 50, 9:cinere,
ib. Jer. 25, 34:terrā,
ib. 2 Macc. 10, 25 al.—Trop.:2.(Mons Idae) primo parvis urbibus aspersus erat,
dotted over with, Mel. 1, 18, 2:aures gemitu,
to fill, Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 1:auditiunculā quādam aspersus, i. e. imbutus,
instructed, Gell. 13, 19, 5:aspersi corda a conscientiā malā,
Vulg. Heb. 10, 22.—Esp., to spot, stain, sully, defile, asperse:hunc tu vitae splendorem maculis aspergis istis?
Cic. Planc. 12, 30; so also absol.:leviter aspersus,
id. Fam. 6, 6, 9:istius facti non modo suspitione, sed ne infamiā quidem est aspersus,
id. Cael. 10; so Liv. 23, 30:aspergebatur etiam infamiā, quod, etc.,
Nep. Alcib. 3 fin.; so Suet. Ner. 3: aliquem linguā, Auct. ad Her. 4, 49, 62:e quibus unus amet quāvis aspargere cunctos, i. e. quibusvis dicteriis perstringere, laedere,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 87 K. and H.aspergo (Merk., Müller, Strüb.; in MSS. sometimes aspargo, Lachm., Rib., e. g. Verg. A. 3, 534, acc. to Non. p. 405, 5, and Vel. Long. p. 2234 P.; v. 1. aspergo), ĭnis, f. (in the ante-class. per. com. acc. to Prisc. p. 658 P.) [1. aspergo].I.A sprinkling, besprinkling (most freq. in the poets, never in Cic., who uses aspersio, q. v.):II.aspergo aquarum,
Ov. M. 7, 108:aquae,
Petr. 102, 15:(Peneus) Nubila conducit, summasque aspergine silvas Impluit,
Ov. M. 1, 572:sanguis virides aspergine tinxerat herbas,
id. ib. 3, 86;3, 683 al.: Aspergine et gelu pruinisque (lapides) rumpuntur,
Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 167:parietum,
the moisture, sweat, upon walls, Cato, R. R. 128; so Vitr. 5, 11, 1, and Plin. 22, 21, 30, § 63.— Trop.:omni culparum aspergine liber,
Prud. Apoth. 1005.—Meton. (abstr. for concr.), that which is sprinkled, drops:hic ubi sol radiis.... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspargine contra,
opposite to the falling rain, Lucr. 6, 525 Lachm.:Objectae salsā spumant aspargine cautes,
the spray, Verg. A. 3, 534:Flammiferā gemini fumant aspergine postes,
Ov. M. 14, 796:maduere graves aspergine pennae,
id. ib. 4, 729:arborei fetus aspergine caedis in atram Vertuntur faciem,
by means of the sprinkled blood, id. ib. 4, 125 al. -
76 adversarius
adversārĭus, a, um, adj. [adversus].I.Turned toward one or lying before one's eyes; hence, adversārĭa, ōrum (sc. scripta), in mercantile language, a book at hand in which all matters are entered temporarily as they occur, a waste-book, day-book, journal, memoranda, etc.:II.Quid est quod neglegenter scribamus adversaria? quid est. quod diligenter conficiamus tabulas? Qua de causa? Quia haec sunt menstrua, illae sunt aeternae: haec delentur statim, illae servantur sancte, etc.,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 5 and 7.Standing opposite or opposed to one, as an antagonist, in any kind of contest, in which the contending parties may be the best friends, e. g. in elections, auctions, discussions, etc. (cf. Doed. Syn. 4, 395;A.in gen., only of persons, while contrarius is used of things,
Front. Differ. 2198 P.).Adj.:B.tribunus seditiosis adversarius,
Cic. Clu. 34, [p. 49] 94:vis juri adversaria,
id. Caecin. 2:opinio oratori,
id. de Or. 2, 37:duces,
id. Phil. 3, 8:populus, adversarius, invidus etiam potentiae,
in hostile opposition to those in power, Nep. Timoth. 3:factio,
id. Phoc. 3:frater,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 63 al. —Subst.: adversārĭus, i, m., an antagonist, opponent, adversary, an enemy, rival (the most usual class. signif. of the word):► The histt.valentiorem nactus adversarium,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 64: injuria adversariūm, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 14; cf. id. Ad. prol. 2:tribuni plebis illius adversarii, defensores mei,
Cic. Mil. 15; so id. Quint. 2; id. Vatin. 1; id. Har. Resp. 16, 24; Nep. Dion. 7; Hor. S. 1, 9, 75.—Of wrestlers and other athletæ:pugiles etiam cum feriunt adversarium... ingemiscunt,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 56; also,in auctions, of opposing bidders: res major est quam facultates nostrae praesertim adversario et cupido et locuplete,
Cic. Att. 12, 43; cf. id. ib. 13, 31.—In Cic. also in the fem.: adversārĭa, ae:est tibi gravis adversaria constituta et parata, incredibilis quaedam exspectatio,
id. Fam. 2, 4, 2; and in the neutr. plur.: adversārĭa, ōrum, the arguments, assertions of the antagonist, Cic. Or. 35, 122.more freq. than Cic. and Hor. use adversarius like hostis for an enemy in war:adversarios in fuga esse,
Nep. Them. 4:multitudo adversariorum,
id. Dat. 6:montem occupat, ne forte cedentibus adversariis receptui foret,
Sall. J. 50; Suet. Caes. 30, 36, 68; id. Dom. 1; Curt. 3, 11; Vulg. Deut. 20, 4; Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 75, 8; 69, 2; cf. advosem in Fest. p. 25 Müll. -
77 anceps
anceps (once ancipes, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 114; cf. Charis, pp. 67 and 96 P.; Prisc. p. 754 P.; with this form cf. procapis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 225 Müll., and Corss. Ausspr. II. pp. 398, 591; abl. sing. always ancipiti), cĭpĭtis, adj. [an-caput; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 19 Müll.].I.Lit., that has two heads, twoheaded (cf.: biceps, praeceps, etc.;II.so only in the poets): Janus,
Ov. M. 14, 334; so id. F. 1, 95 (cf.:Janus bifrons,
Verg. A. 7, 180). —Hence also of a mountain which has two summits, two-peaked:acumen,
Ov. M. 12, 337.—In gen.A.1.. Of an object whose qualities have significance in two respects, double, that extends on two opposite sides (while duplex is an object that exists in separate forms, twice. Thus anceps sententia is an opinion which wavers, fluctuates between two decisions, while duplex sententia is a twofold opinion):2.Post altrinsecus ancipes securiculast,
the axe cuts on two sides, is two-edged, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 114; so, ferrum, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 245, 17, and Lucr. 6, 168:securis,
Ov. M. 8, 397 al. —Also, poet., of the contrast between great heat and cold: Ancipiti quoniam mucroni utrimque notantur, since things are marked by double point, i. e. one at one, another at the other end, Lucr. 2, 520:bestiae quasi ancipites in utrāque sede viventes,
amphibious animals, Cic. N. D. 1, 37;so in the histt. freq. of an attack, a contest, etc., on two different sides,
Caes. B. G. 7, 76: ita ancipiti proelio diu atque acriter pugnatum est, double, because contending with enemies both in front and in the rear, id. ib. 1, 26 Herz.; so id. B. C. 3, 63; Nep. Them. 3, 3:periculum,
Sall. J. 38, 5: ancipitem pugnam hostibus facere, double, as given by horse and foot, Tac. A. 6, 35:ancipiti metu et ab cive et ab hoste,
twofold, Liv. 2, 24; so,anceps terror,
id. 34, 21; Tac. Agr. 26:tumultus,
Liv. 32, 30: tela, shot or hurled from both sides, id. 37, 11:ancipitia munimenta,
on two sides, id. 5, 1 al. —Trop., twofold:B.propter ancipitem faciendi dicendique sapientiam,
Cic. de Or. 3, 16:ancipites viae rationesque et pro omnibus et contra omnia disputandi,
id. ib. 3, 36:adferre ancipitem curam cogitandi,
a twofold care of thought, id. Off. 1, 3, 9; so Tac. A. 2, 40:jus anceps,
the uncertainties of law, Hor. S. 2, 5, 34 al. —Wavering, doubtful, uncertain, unfixed, undecided (the prevalent signif. in Cic.):C.anceps fatorum via,
Cic. Somn. Scip. 2:incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5:anceps proelii fortuna,
Tac. H. 3, 18:oraculum,
Liv. 9, 3:proelium,
id. 2, 62, and Tac. H. 3, 22;so esp. freq.: ancipiti Marte pugnare,
to contend without deciding the contest, Liv. 7, 29; 21, 1 al.:causa anceps,
Cic. de Or. 2, 44:genus causarum anceps,
id. Inv. 1, 15, 20 (cf.: genus causarum dubium, Auct. ad Her. 1, 3:dubium vel anceps,
Quint. 4, 1, 10):fides,
uncertain, wavering, fidelity, Curt. 3, 8;so also, ancipites animi,
Luc. 9, 46.—Also ellipt.: Lucanus an Apulus, anceps, doubtful whether, etc., * Hor. S. 2, 1, 34.—Dangerous, hazaraous, perilous, critical (post-Aug.; esp. freq. in Tac.;never in Cic.): viae,
Ov. M. 14, 438:loca,
Nep. Dat. 7, 3:dubiā et interdum ancipiti fortunā,
Vell. 2, 79:anceps periculum,
Tac. A. 4, 59:ancipites morbi corporis,
Plin. 7, 45, 46, § 149:cujus (Antonii) operā ex ancipiti morbo convaluerat,
Suet. Aug. 59:Ideo et purgationibus (labruscum) ancipitem putant,
Plin. 23, 1, 14, § 20:vox pro re publicā honesta, ipsi anceps,
pernicious, Tac. H. 1, 5:adulatio anceps si nulla et ubi nimia est,
id. A. 4, 17.—So subst., danger, hazard, peril, = periculum, discrimen:dubiā suorum re in anceps tractus vim legionum implorabat,
Tac. A. 4, 73:seu nihil militi seu omnia concederentur, in ancipiti res publica,
id. ib. 1, 36:scelus inter ancipitia probatum,
id. ib. 11, 26;14, 22: facilius inter ancipitia clarescunt,
id. G. 14:nova ambigua ancipitia malebat,
id. H. 2, 86:inter ancipitia deterrimum est media sequi,
id. ib. 3, 40.► Comp., sup., and adv. not used. -
78 aspergo
1.a-spergo ( adsp-, Ritschl, Jan; asp-, others; in MSS. sometimes aspar-go, v. Cort. ad Luc. 1, 384, and Wagner ad Verg. G. 3, 419, and infra examples from Lucr. and Hor.; cf. 2. aspergo), ersi, ersum, 3, v. a. [spargo].I.Aliquid (alicui rei), to scatter, strew something on something; or of liquids, to sprinkle, spatter over (syn.: adfundo, inicio; never in Ovid, but he often uses the simple spargo).A.Lit.:B.aequor Ionium glaucis aspargit virus ab undis,
Lucr. 1, 719 Lachm.:Ah! adspersisti aquam, Jam rediit animus,
you have dashed water on me, have revived me, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 15:Euax, adspersisti aquam,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 13:guttam bulbo (with a play upon the names Gutta and Bulbus),
Cic. Clu. 26, 71:pigmenta in tabulā,
id. Div. 1, 13, 23:corpus ejus adustum adspergunt aliis carnibus,
Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136:liquor adspersus oculis,
id. 12, 8, 18, § 34:Bubus glandem tum adspergi convenit,
id. 18, 26, 63, § 232:corpus floribus aspersis veneratus est,
Suet. Aug. 18:pecori virus aspergere,
to infect, poison, Verg. G. 3, 419:aspergens cinerem capiti,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 13, 15:huc tu jussos asperge sapores,
Verg. G. 4, 62:Non nihil aspersis gaudet Amor lacrimis,
Prop. 1, 12, 16:sanguinem aspergere,
Vulg. 2 Par. 29, 24:nivem,
ib. Eccli. 43, 19.—Trop.:II.cum clarissimo viro non nullam laudatione tuā labeculam aspergas,
fasten upon, Cic. Vatin. 17, 41:ne qua ex tuā summā indignitate labes illius dignitati aspersa videatur,
id. ib. 6, 15:notam alicui,
Dig. 37, 14, 17 fin. (cf.:allinere notam,
Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17).—So of an inheritance, to bestow, bequeath something to, to set apart for:Aebutio sextulam aspergit,
Cic. Caecin. 6, 17.— Poet.:alas: lacteus extentas aspergit circulus alas,
Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 175.—In gen., to add to, to join, = adjungere:si illius (sc. Catonis majoris) comitatem et facilitatem tuae gravitati severitatique asperseris,
Cic. Mur. 31 fin.:huic generi orationis aspergentur etiam sales,
id. Or. 26, 87; id. ad Q. Fr. 2, 10:hos aspersi, ut scires etc.,
id. Fam. 2, 16 fin. —Aliquem or aliquid aliquā re (cf. Ramsh. Gr. p. 362; Zumpt, Gr. § 418), to strew some person or thing with something, to splash over, besprinkle, bespatter, bedew, lit. and trop.A.Lit.:B.ah, guttulā Pectus ardens mihi adspersisti (cf. supra, aquam),
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 28:quas (sedes) nec nubila nimbis Aspergunt,
Lucr. 3, 20:ne aram sanguine aspergeret,
Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88; so Vulg. 4 Reg. 9, [p. 175] 33; ib. Apoc. 19, 13:sanguine mensas,
Ov. M. 5, 40; and with de:asperget de sanguine ejus (turturis) parietem altaris,
Vulg. Lev. 5, 9:vaccam semine,
Liv. 41, 13:Vinxit et aspersas altera vitta comas,
the sprinkled hair, Prop. 5, 11, 34 (Müller, † acceptas):imbre lutoque Aspersus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 12 K. and H.; Claud. B. Gild. 494:aquā,
Vulg. Num. 8, 7; ib. 2 Macc. 1, 21:hyssopo,
ib. Psa. 50, 9:cinere,
ib. Jer. 25, 34:terrā,
ib. 2 Macc. 10, 25 al.—Trop.:2.(Mons Idae) primo parvis urbibus aspersus erat,
dotted over with, Mel. 1, 18, 2:aures gemitu,
to fill, Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 1:auditiunculā quādam aspersus, i. e. imbutus,
instructed, Gell. 13, 19, 5:aspersi corda a conscientiā malā,
Vulg. Heb. 10, 22.—Esp., to spot, stain, sully, defile, asperse:hunc tu vitae splendorem maculis aspergis istis?
Cic. Planc. 12, 30; so also absol.:leviter aspersus,
id. Fam. 6, 6, 9:istius facti non modo suspitione, sed ne infamiā quidem est aspersus,
id. Cael. 10; so Liv. 23, 30:aspergebatur etiam infamiā, quod, etc.,
Nep. Alcib. 3 fin.; so Suet. Ner. 3: aliquem linguā, Auct. ad Her. 4, 49, 62:e quibus unus amet quāvis aspargere cunctos, i. e. quibusvis dicteriis perstringere, laedere,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 87 K. and H.aspergo (Merk., Müller, Strüb.; in MSS. sometimes aspargo, Lachm., Rib., e. g. Verg. A. 3, 534, acc. to Non. p. 405, 5, and Vel. Long. p. 2234 P.; v. 1. aspergo), ĭnis, f. (in the ante-class. per. com. acc. to Prisc. p. 658 P.) [1. aspergo].I.A sprinkling, besprinkling (most freq. in the poets, never in Cic., who uses aspersio, q. v.):II.aspergo aquarum,
Ov. M. 7, 108:aquae,
Petr. 102, 15:(Peneus) Nubila conducit, summasque aspergine silvas Impluit,
Ov. M. 1, 572:sanguis virides aspergine tinxerat herbas,
id. ib. 3, 86;3, 683 al.: Aspergine et gelu pruinisque (lapides) rumpuntur,
Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 167:parietum,
the moisture, sweat, upon walls, Cato, R. R. 128; so Vitr. 5, 11, 1, and Plin. 22, 21, 30, § 63.— Trop.:omni culparum aspergine liber,
Prud. Apoth. 1005.—Meton. (abstr. for concr.), that which is sprinkled, drops:hic ubi sol radiis.... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspargine contra,
opposite to the falling rain, Lucr. 6, 525 Lachm.:Objectae salsā spumant aspargine cautes,
the spray, Verg. A. 3, 534:Flammiferā gemini fumant aspergine postes,
Ov. M. 14, 796:maduere graves aspergine pennae,
id. ib. 4, 729:arborei fetus aspergine caedis in atram Vertuntur faciem,
by means of the sprinkled blood, id. ib. 4, 125 al. -
79 Chalcis
1.chalcis, ĭdis, f., = chalkis.I.A fish of the herring kind, Col. 8, 17, 12; Plin. 9, 47, 71, § 154; 9, 51, 74, § 162.—II.A lizard with copper-colored spots on its back, Plin. 32, 3, 13, § 30; 32, 5, 17, § 46.2.Chalcis, ĭdis or ĭdŏs, f., = Chalkis.I.Chief town of the island Eubœa, opposite to Aulis, connected by a bridge with the main land, now Egribo or Negroponte; also called Chalcis Euboica, or Chalcis Eubœœ, Col. 1, 4, 9; Luc. 5, 227; Mel. 2, 7, 9; Plin. 4, 12, 21, § 64; 11, 37, 74, § 191; Nep. Timoth. 3, 5; Vell. 1, 4, 1; gen. Gr. Chalcidos, Luc. 5, 227; acc. Gr. Chalcida, id. 2, 710.—B.Hence, the adjj.,1.Chalcĭ-dĭcus, a, um, of Chalcis, in Eubœa, Chalcidian:(β).Euripus,
Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 24:creta,
Varr. R. R. 1, 57, 1:galli,
id. ib. 3, 9, 6:gallinae,
Col. 8, 2, 4 and 13:ficus,
Varr. R. R. 1, 41, 6; Col. 5, 10, 11; 5, 10, 414:harenae,
Val. Fl. 1, 454: versus, of the poet Euphorion, a native of Chalcis, Verg. E. 10, 50; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 56:Nola,
founded by the Chalcidians, Sil. 12, 161.—Since Cumæ was a colony of Chalcis, Cumœan:b.arx,
Cumœ, Verg. A. 6, 17:turres,
Stat. S. 2, 2, 94 - litora, id. ib. 4, 4, 78:carmen,
of the Cumœan Sibyl, id. ib. 5, 3, 182.—Subst.: Chalcĭdĭcum, i, n., a chamber at the corner of a basuica, on each side of the tribunal, Aug. Mon. Ancyr. 4, 1; Vitr. 5, 1; Hyg. Fab. 184; Inscr. Orell. 1303; 3287; 3290 sq.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 52 Müll.— Also a spacious chamber in Grecian houses, Aus. Per. Odyss. 1; 23; Arn. 4, p. 149; 3, p. 105.—2.Chalcĭdensis, e, adj., Chalcidian: Timagoras, of Chalcis, Chalkideus, Plin. 35, 9, 35, § 58; Liv. 35, 49, 6.—In plur. subst., the inhabitants of Chalcis, Liv. 35, 38, 10 al.—3. II.A town in Arabia, Plin. 6, 28, 32, § 159.—III.A town in Syria, Plin. 5, 23, 19, § 81. -
80 chalcis
1.chalcis, ĭdis, f., = chalkis.I.A fish of the herring kind, Col. 8, 17, 12; Plin. 9, 47, 71, § 154; 9, 51, 74, § 162.—II.A lizard with copper-colored spots on its back, Plin. 32, 3, 13, § 30; 32, 5, 17, § 46.2.Chalcis, ĭdis or ĭdŏs, f., = Chalkis.I.Chief town of the island Eubœa, opposite to Aulis, connected by a bridge with the main land, now Egribo or Negroponte; also called Chalcis Euboica, or Chalcis Eubœœ, Col. 1, 4, 9; Luc. 5, 227; Mel. 2, 7, 9; Plin. 4, 12, 21, § 64; 11, 37, 74, § 191; Nep. Timoth. 3, 5; Vell. 1, 4, 1; gen. Gr. Chalcidos, Luc. 5, 227; acc. Gr. Chalcida, id. 2, 710.—B.Hence, the adjj.,1.Chalcĭ-dĭcus, a, um, of Chalcis, in Eubœa, Chalcidian:(β).Euripus,
Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 24:creta,
Varr. R. R. 1, 57, 1:galli,
id. ib. 3, 9, 6:gallinae,
Col. 8, 2, 4 and 13:ficus,
Varr. R. R. 1, 41, 6; Col. 5, 10, 11; 5, 10, 414:harenae,
Val. Fl. 1, 454: versus, of the poet Euphorion, a native of Chalcis, Verg. E. 10, 50; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 56:Nola,
founded by the Chalcidians, Sil. 12, 161.—Since Cumæ was a colony of Chalcis, Cumœan:b.arx,
Cumœ, Verg. A. 6, 17:turres,
Stat. S. 2, 2, 94 - litora, id. ib. 4, 4, 78:carmen,
of the Cumœan Sibyl, id. ib. 5, 3, 182.—Subst.: Chalcĭdĭcum, i, n., a chamber at the corner of a basuica, on each side of the tribunal, Aug. Mon. Ancyr. 4, 1; Vitr. 5, 1; Hyg. Fab. 184; Inscr. Orell. 1303; 3287; 3290 sq.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 52 Müll.— Also a spacious chamber in Grecian houses, Aus. Per. Odyss. 1; 23; Arn. 4, p. 149; 3, p. 105.—2.Chalcĭdensis, e, adj., Chalcidian: Timagoras, of Chalcis, Chalkideus, Plin. 35, 9, 35, § 58; Liv. 35, 49, 6.—In plur. subst., the inhabitants of Chalcis, Liv. 35, 38, 10 al.—3. II.A town in Arabia, Plin. 6, 28, 32, § 159.—III.A town in Syria, Plin. 5, 23, 19, § 81.
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