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1 His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Общая лексика: Его Королевское Высочество Великий Герцог ЛюксембургскийУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxembourg
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grand [grænd](a) (impressive → house) magnifique; (→ style) grand, noble; (→ music, occasion) grand; (pretentious, self-important) suffisant, prétentieux; (dignified, majestic) majestueux, digne;∎ to do sth in grand style faire qch en grande pompe;∎ to live in grand style mener la grande vie;∎ she likes to do things on a grand scale elle aime faire les choses en grand;∎ to entertain on a grand scale recevoir des gens en grande pompe;∎ to invest on a grand scale faire de gros investissements;∎ to build on a grand scale réaliser de grands projets de construction;∎ that dress is a bit too grand for me cette robe est un peu trop chic pour moi;∎ it was all part of his grand design tout cela faisait partie de son grand projet;∎ lexicographer is just a grand name for someone who writes dictionaries lexicographe est simplement un mot pompeux pour désigner une personne qui écrit des dictionnaires(b) British old-fashioned or Irish, North of England & Scottish familiar (excellent → food, accommodation) excellent; (→ weather) magnifique;∎ I'm not feeling too grand je ne suis pas dans mon assiette;∎ she sounded absolutely grand when I spoke to her on the phone elle avait l'air en pleine forme quand je l'ai eue au téléphone;∎ to have a grand time bien s'amuser;∎ ironic we had a grand old time trying to find the house! on s'est marré pour trouver la maison!2 noun►► Grand Canary (Island) Grande Canarie f;∎ in Grand Canary à la Grande Canarie;the Grand Canyon le Grand Canyon;the Grand Canyon State = surnom donné à l'Arizona;grand duchess grande-duchesse f;grand duchy grand-duché m;grand duke grand-duc m;grand finale apothéose f;American grand jury jury m d'accusation;American grand larceny vol m qualifié;the Grand National = la plus importante course d'obstacles de Grande-Bretagne, qui se déroule à Aintree, dans la banlieue de Liverpool;the Grand Old Man = surnom de William Gladstone;∎ the grand old man of trade unionism/Scottish folk music le patriarche du syndicalisme/de la musique folklorique écossaise;grand opera grand opéra m;grand piano piano m à queue;Grand Slam tournament tournoi m du grand chelem;grand total total m;∎ that comes to a grand total of £536 ça fait en tout 536 livres;the Grand Tour le tour d'Europe;grand tour (of mansion etc) visite f;∎ humorous would you like a grand tour of the house? je te fais faire le tour du propriétaire?;∎ she did or went on a grand tour of Italy elle a visité toute l'Italie;Physics the Grand Unified Theory la théorie de grande unification;the Grand Union Canal = canal reliant Londres aux Midlands;History grand vizier grand vizir m;grand wizard Grand Sorcier m -
3 ♦ grand
♦ grand (1) /grænd/a.1 imponente; grandioso; splendido; grande: a grand palace, un palazzo imponente; a grand spectacle, uno spettacolo grandioso; grand ladies, dame importanti; gran dame; in grand style, in grande stile2 (il) più importante; principale: the grand staircase of a building, la scala principale d'un edificio; lo scalone d'onore; grand entrance, ingresso principale3 grande; grandioso; ambizioso: a grand gesture, un gesto grandioso; un gran gesto; a grand plan, un progetto ambizioso; to have grand ideas, avere idee grandiose5 ( nei nomi di luoghi o edifici) grande: the Grand Canal, il Canal grande (a Venezia); the Grand Canyon, il Gran Canyon; Grand Hotel, Grand Hotel6 (fam.) eccellente; magnifico; meraviglioso; splendido: a grand idea, un'ottima idea; a grand party, una festa meravigliosa; grand weather, tempo magnifico; to have a grand time, divertirsi un mondo; spassarsela● (in GB) grand committee, commissione permanente della Camera dei Comuni □ grand-ducal, granducale □ grand duchess, granduchessa □ grand duchy, granducato □ grand duke, granduca □ ( sport) grand final, finalissima □ (leg.) grand holidays, ferie giudiziarie □ (stor.) the Grand Inquisitor, il Grande inquisitore □ (leg., USA) grand jury, gran giurì, giuria speciale ( che decide se qualcuno debba essere rinviato a giudizio) □ (leg. USA) grand larceny, furto grave □ grand master, campione di scacchi; maestro degli scacchi □ Grand Master, Gran Maestro ( d'un ordine cavalleresco o della massoneria) □ (ipp.) Grand National, «Grand National» NOTE DI CULTURA: Grand National: è la più famosa corsa siepi della Gran Bretagna e si tiene annualmente in primavera nel circuito di Aintree, presso Liverpool. Fu istituita nel 1839 e ricevette questo nome nel 1847. Il circuito è celebre per la sua difficoltà, tanto che agli ostacoli più pericolosi è stato addirittura attribuito un nome in ricordo dei cavalli caduti durante la prima edizione: Becher's Brook ( fossato di Becher) e Valentine's Brook ( fossato di Valentine) □ the Grand Old Man of, il Grande Vecchio di ( un'attività, una disciplina, ecc.) □ (polit., USA) the Grand Old Party, il Partito Repubblicano □ (mus.) grand opera, opera lirica □ (mus.) grand orchestra, grande orchestra □ grand piano, pianoforte a coda □ ( sport e bridge) grand slam, grande slam □ grand tour, (stor.) viaggio in Europa ( fatto dai nobili inglesi nell'Ottocento); (scherz.) visita completa, giro completo □ (stor.) Grand Vizier, Gran Visir NOTA D'USO: - big, grand, great o large?-.grand (2) /grænd/n.1 (fam.) pianoforte a coda2 ( slang ingl.; inv. al pl.) mille sterline; ( slang USA; inv. al pl.) (biglietto da) mille dollari: fifty grand, cinquantamila dollari● (mus.) upright grand, grande piano verticale. -
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ɡrænd
1. adjective1) (splendid; magnificent: a grand procession.) magnífico, espléndido, imponente2) (proud: She gives herself grand airs.) de grandeza3) (very pleasant: a grand day at the seaside.) magnífico, formidable, maravilloso4) (highly respected: a grand old man.) distinguido, respetable, venerable
2. noun(a slang term for $1,000 or 1,000: I paid five grand for that car.) mil dólares/libras- grand jury
- grand piano
- grandstand
- grand total
grand adj magnífico / espléndidotr[grænd]1 (splendid) grandioso,-a, espléndido,-a, magnífico,-a2 (impressive) impresionante3 (important - person) distinguido,-a, importante\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLon a grand scale a gran escalathe Grand Canyon SMALLGEOGRAPHY/SMALL el Gran Cañóngrand duke gran duque nombre masculinogrand duchess gran duquesa■ a couple of grand dos mil libras, dos mil dólaresgrand jury SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL jurado de acusacióngrand piano piano de colaGrand Prix gran premiogrand staircase escalera principalgrand total total nombre masculinogrand ['grænd] adj1) foremost: grande2) impressive: impresionante, magníficoa grand view: una vista magnífica3) lavish: grandioso, suntuoso, lujosoto live in a grand manner: vivir a lo grande4) fabulous: fabuloso, magníficoto have a grand time: pasarlo estupendamente, pasarlo en grande5)grand total : total m, suma f totaladj.• airoso, -a adj.• espléndido, -a adj.• gran adj.• grande adj.• grandioso, -a adj.• imponente adj.• magno, -a adj.• magnífico, -a adj.• noble adj.• soberbio, -a adj.n.• piano de cola s.m.
I grændadjective -er, -est1)a) ( impressive) magnífico, espléndidob) ( ostentatious) < gesture> grandilocuente; < entrance> triunfald) ( overall) (before n, no comp) global2)a) (formal, ceremonial) <opening/occasion> solemneb) ( socially important) (sing) gran (delante del n); (pl) grandes (delante del n)3) ( very good) (colloq) <day/weather> espléndido, fabuloso
II
1) ( piano) piano m de colababy grand — piano m de media cola
2) (pl grand) (1000 dollars, pounds) (sl)[ɡrænd] (compar grander) (superl grandest)1. ADJ1) (=impressive) [building, architecture] imponente, grandioso; [clothes] elegante; [person] distinguidofor the grand finale... — como broche de oro...
last night diplomats were preparing for the summit's grand finale — anoche los diplomáticos se preparaban para la apoteosis de la conferencia cumbre
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the grand old man of English politics — el patriarca de la política inglesa2) (=ambitious) [scheme, plan, design, strategy] ambicioso3) † * (=great) [adventure, experience] maravilloso, fabuloso; [weather, day, person] estupendowhat grand weather we've been having! — ¡qué tiempo más estupendo nos ha estado haciendo!, ¡qué tiempo tan estupendo hemos tenido!
we've had some grand times together, haven't we? — nos lo hemos pasado estupendamente juntos, ¿verdad?
that's grand! — ¡fabuloso!
4) (in hotel names) gran2. N1) ** (=thousand)ten grand — (Brit) diez mil libras; (US) diez mil dólares
3.CPDthe Grand Canyon N — (US) el Gran Cañón del Colorado
grand duchess N — gran duquesa f
grand duchy N — gran ducado m
grand duke N — gran duque m
grand jury N — (esp US) (Jur) jurado m de acusación (que decide si hay suficiente causa para llevar a algn a juicio)
grand larceny N — (US) (Jur) hurto m de mayor cuantía
grand mal N — (Med) grand mal m
grand master N — (Chess) gran maestro m (de ajedrez)
the Grand National N — (Brit) (Horse racing) el Grand National
the Grand Old Party N — (US) mote que tiene el partido republicano de Estados Unidos desde 1880
grand opera N — gran ópera f
grand piano N — piano m de cola
Grand Prix N — Grand Prix m, Gran Premio m
grand slam N — (Sport) gran slam m
grand total N — total m
a grand total of £50 — un total de 50 libras
grand tour N — hum (=trip) recorrido m de rigor hum
the Grand Tour N — (Hist) la gran gira europea
GRAND JURY En el sistema legal estadounidense, un grand jury es un jurado de consulta que decide si debe acusarse a una persona de un delito y llevarla a juicio. Este jurado está compuesto por un número de miembros que oscila entre doce y veintitrés, y normalmente llevan a cabo sus reuniones en secreto. El grand jury tiene autoridad para citar a testigos a prestar declaración. Además del grand jury, existe en la legislación americana otro jurado llamado trial jury (jurado de juicio) o petit jury, compuesto de doce miembros, cuya función es la de determinar la inocencia o culpabilidad del acusado ante el tribunal.grand vizier N — (Hist) gran visir m
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I [grænd]adjective -er, -est1)a) ( impressive) magnífico, espléndidob) ( ostentatious) < gesture> grandilocuente; < entrance> triunfald) ( overall) (before n, no comp) global2)a) (formal, ceremonial) <opening/occasion> solemneb) ( socially important) (sing) gran (delante del n); (pl) grandes (delante del n)3) ( very good) (colloq) <day/weather> espléndido, fabuloso
II
1) ( piano) piano m de colababy grand — piano m de media cola
2) (pl grand) (1000 dollars, pounds) (sl) -
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pl grands-ducs gʀɑ̃dyk nom masculin grand dukefaire la tournée des grands-ducs — fig to have a night on the town
* * *faire la tournée des grands-ducs to have a night on the town.[grɑ̃dyk] ( pluriel grands-ducs) nom masculin1. [titre] grand duke2. [oiseau] eagle owl -
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1. n рояль2. n амер. сл. тысяча долларов; «косая»3. a грандиозный, величественный; большой4. a великийGrand Duke — великий князь; эрцгерцог
5. a важный; серьёзныйgrand seigneur — важная персона, вельможа
6. a главный, основной7. a возвышенный, благородный8. a важный, знатный9. a светский10. a важничающий; полный самомнения11. a великолепный, пышный; роскошный; импозантный12. a муз. большой, монументальный13. a юр. большой; главный; крупный14. a общий, включающий в себя всё15. a разг. восхитительный, прекрасный, замечательныйit will be grand if you can come — будет чудесно, если вы сможете богато, щегольски одетый
Синонимический ряд:1. extensive (adj.) extensive; immense; spacious; vast2. important (adj.) commanding; distinctive; foremost; important; impressive3. inclusive (adj.) all-inclusive; complete; comprehensive; inclusive4. magnificent (adj.) astral; august; brilliant; elevated; eloquent; exalted; glorious; gorgeous; high; high-ranking; lavish; lofty; luxurious; magnificent; splendid; sublime; sumptuous; superb5. main (adj.) chief; main; principal6. noble (adj.) august; baronial; dignified; grandiose; great; illustrious; imposing; kingly; lordly; magnific; majestic; noble; palatial; princely; regal; royal; statelyАнтонимический ряд:common; commonplace; contemptible; humble; ignoble; incomplete; inferior; insignificant; little; low; mean; menial; ordinary; small -
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{grænd}
I. 1. величествен, величав, внушителен, импозантен, грандиозен, със замах
2. възвишен, благороден, издигнат
GRAND style висок стил
3. велик (титла)
4. главен, параден (за вход, стълба), тържествен
5. (много) важен, от върховно значение, капитален (за грешка)
6. великолепен, разкошен, блестяш, пищен
to live in GRAND style живея нашироко
7. важен, виден, изтъкнат, бележит, високомерен, надменен, претенциозен
GRAND air внушителен вид
GRAND personage важна особа
to do the GRAND давам си важиост, виря нос, надувам се
8. разг. отличен, чудесен
to have a GRAND time прекарвам чудесно
the GRAND Old Man Дядо Гладстон
the GRAND Old Party ам. peпубликанската партия
9. пълен, в пълен състав, общ (за сбор, резултат)
GRAND orchestra пълен оркестър (с всички инструменти)
GRAND Hotel грандхотел
GRAND passion голяма любов
II. 1. роял
baby GRAND малък роял
2. ам. sl. хиляда долара* * *{grand} a 1. величествен, величав, внушителен, импозантен, гран(2) {grand} n 1. роял; baby grand малък роял: 2. ам. sl. хиляда дол* * *параден; благороден; бон; велик; внушителен; главен; величав; величествен; виден; великолепен; възвишен; разкошен; голям; грандиозен; импозантен;* * *1. (много) важен, от върховно значение, капитален (за грешка) 2. baby grand малък роял 3. grand air внушителен вид 4. grand hotel грандхотел 5. grand orchestra пълен оркестър (с всички инструменти) 6. grand passion голяма любов 7. grand personage важна особа 8. grand style висок стил 9. i. величествен, величав, внушителен, импозантен, грандиозен, със замах 10. ii. роял 11. the grand old man Дядо Гладстон 12. the grand old party ам. peпубликанската партия 13. to do the grand давам си важиост, виря нос, надувам се 14. to have a grand time прекарвам чудесно 15. to live in grand style живея нашироко 16. ам. sl. хиляда долара 17. важен, виден, изтъкнат, бележит, високомерен, надменен, претенциозен 18. велик (титла) 19. великолепен, разкошен, блестяш, пищен 20. възвишен, благороден, издигнат 21. главен, параден (за вход, стълба), тържествен 22. пълен, в пълен състав, общ (за сбор, резултат) 23. разг. отличен, чудесен* * *grand[grænd] I. adj 1. величествен, величав, внушителен, импозантен, грандиозен, със замах; 2. възвишен, благороден, издигнат; \grand style висок стил; 3. велик (в титла); G. Duke велик херцог, княз; G. Signior ( Turk) турският султан; G. Vizier велик везир; 4. главен, параден; \grand entrance параден вход; 5. (много) важен; 6. великолепен, разкошен, блестящ, пищен; to live in \grand style живея нашироко; a \grand wedding голяма сватба; 7. важен, виден, знатен, изтъкнат, бележит; високомерен, надменен; претенциозен; a \grand lady грандама; \grand air внушителен вид; a \grand personage важна особа; 8. разг. отличен, първокачествен, знаменит, славен; възхитителен; to have a \grand time прекарвам славно; \grand passion голяма любов; \grand total общ сбор; FONT face=Times_Deutsch◊ adv grandly; II. n 1. роял (и \grand piano); upright \grand обикновено пиано, голям модел; 2. sl хиляда долара (лири), хилядарка, един бон. -
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1. [grænd] n1. рояль2. амер. сл. тысяча долларов; «косая»2. [grænd] ayou got two grand coming - ты получишь (за это) две «косых»
1. грандиозный, величественный; большойgrand project [enterprise] - грандиозный проект [-ое предприятие]
2. великий (тж. в титулах)grand general [conqueror] - великий полководец [завоеватель]
Grand Duke - а) великий герцог; б) великий князь
Grand Old Man - великий старец (о видном пожилом общественном или политическом деятеле; первоначально - прозвище английского премьера Гладстона)
3. 1) важный; серьёзныйgrand rounds - воен. поверка караулов командиром соединения или начальником гарнизона
2) главный, основнойgrand staircase - главная /парадная/ лестница
grand entrance - парадный /главный/ вход
4. возвышенный, благородныйgrand conception - благородная /возвышенная/ идея
in grand style - благородно, возвышенно [ср. тж. 7]
5. 1) важный, знатныйgrand people - именитые господа, знать
2) светскийI don't like grand company - не люблю светской компании /-ого общества/
6. важничающий; полный самомнения7. великолепный, пышный; роскошный; импозантныйgrand banquet - великолепный /грандиозный/ банкет
the general was very grand in full review order - генерал был великолепен в полной парадной форме
to live in grand style - жить роскошно [ср. тж. 4]
she dismissed us with a grand wave of her hand - она отпустила нас жестом королевы /царственным жестом/
8. 1) муз. большой, монументальныйgrand opera - большая опера (в противоп. комической опере и оперетте)
2) юр. большой; главный; крупныйgrand jury - большое жюри (присяжные заседатели, решающие вопрос о предании обвиняемого суду или прекращении производства его дела)
grand juror, grand juryman - присяжный заседатель из состава большого жюри
3) общий, включающий в себя всёgrand tactics - воен. общевойсковая тактика
9. разг. восхитительный, прекрасный, замечательныйwe had grand weather for our trip - во время нашего путешествия погода была великолепная
it will be grand if you can come - будет чудесно, если вы сможете прийти
10. разг. богато, щегольски одетый♢
Grand Cross - Большой Крест ( высший гражданский орден)grand finale - торжественное завершение (церемонии, сцены, пьесы)
Grand Old Party - амер. республиканская партия
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9 duke
[djuːk]сущ.1) герцог ( дворянский титул)Grand Duke — Великий герцог, эрцгерцог
2) обычно dukes; разг. кулаки -
10 duke
1. n герцогGrand Duke — великий князь; эрцгерцог
2. n род хереса3. n сл. кулак, рукаСинонимический ряд:combat with gloved fists (verb) box; combat with gloved fists; cross gloves; fight; fist fight; mix punches; punch; spar; swap punches -
11 grand
I[grænd] a վեհապանծ, փառահեղ, մեծ. խսկց. հոյակապ. in a grand manner վեհ/վեհա սքանչ ձևով. grand schemes վիթխարի ծրագրեր. a grand lady ազնվական տիկին. grand master շխմ. գրոսմայստեր. That’s grand! խսկց. Հոյակա՜պ է. grand Duke Մեծ իշխան. grand jury իրավ. (ԱՄՆ) “Մեծ հանձնախումբ”, դատավճիռը որոշող երդվյալների հանձնախումբ. grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights Մարդու իրավունքների Եվրոպական դատարանի մեծ պալատII[grænd] n դաշնամուր -
12 Egerton, Francis, 3rd Duke of Bridgewater
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 21 May 1736d. 9 March 1803 London, England[br]English entrepreneur, described as the "father of British inland navigation".[br]Francis Egerton was the younger of the two surviving sons of Scroop, 1st Duke of Bridgewater, and on the death of his brother, the 2nd Duke, he succeeded to the title in 1748. Until that time he had received little or no education as his mother considered him to be of feeble intellect. His guardians, the Duke of Bedford and Lord Trentham, decided he should be given an opportunity and sent him to Eton in 1749. He remained there for three years and then went on the "grand tour" of Europe. During this period he saw the Canal du Midi, though whether this was the spark that ignited his interest in canals is hard to say. On his return to England he indulged in the social round in London and raced at Newmarket. After two unsuccessful attempts at marriage he retired to Lancashire to further his mining interests at Worsley, where the construction of a canal to Manchester was already being considered. In fact, the Act for the Bridgewater Canal had been passed at the time he left London. John Gilbert, his land agent at Worsley, encouraged the Duke to pursue the canal project, which had received parliamentary approval in March 1759. Brindley had been recommended on account of his work at Trentham, the estate of the Duke's brother-in-law, and Brindley was consulted and subsequently appointed Engineer; the canal opened on 17 July 1761. This was immediately followed by an extension project from Longford Brook to Runcorn to improve communications between Manchester and Liverpool; this was completed on 31 December 1772, after Brindley's death. The Duke also invested heavily in the Trent \& Mersey Canal, but his interests were confined to his mines and the completed canals for the rest of his life.It is said that he lacked a sense of humour and even refused to read books. He was untidy in his dress and habits yet he was devoted to the Worsley undertakings. When travelling to Worsley he would have his coach placed on a barge so that he could inspect the canal during the journey. He amassed a great fortune from his various activities, but when he died, instead of leaving his beloved canal to the beneficiaries under his will, he created a trust to ensure that the canal would endure; the trust did not expire until 1903. The Duke is commemorated by a large Corinthian pillar, which is now in the care of the National Trust, in the grounds of his mansion at Ashridge, Hertfordshire.[br]Further ReadingH.Malet, 1961, The Canal Duke, Dawlish: David \& Charles.JHBBiographical history of technology > Egerton, Francis, 3rd Duke of Bridgewater
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13 Wellington, Duke of
(Arthur Wellesley)(1769-1852)The British general who helped liberate Portugal from French occupation under Napoleon's armies (1808-11), turned back three French invasions, and enabled Portugal to reassert its independence as a nation-state. Born in Ireland, Arthur Wellesley became the most talented and honored soldier of several generations during the first half of the 19th century. He attended Great Britain's famed public school, Eton, and entered the British army and first served in the Low Countries in the 1790s and then in campaigns in British India and the 1807 Copenhagen expedition.When the British government decided to send an expedition to oppose Napoleon's occupation of Portugal, Wellesley was appointed commander of the force, which landed at the mouth of the Mondego River on 1 August 1808. For the next three years, the famous lieutenant general led Anglo-Portuguese forces against the three French invasions and, by 1811, had defeated the French. Wellington's forces proceeded across the frontier into Spain where, for the next two years, the allied forces fought victoriously against the French. Wellington received a number of honors, titles, and decorations from Portugal for his heroic efforts; after the final expulsion of French forces under Masséna, in 1810, Portugal's government granted Wellington—among other honors—the title of viscount of Vimieiro and the medal the Grand Cross of the Tower and the Sword (Torre e Espada). -
14 велик
great(за народно събрание) grandвелика сила a world powerвеликите сили the Great Powers; the first-rate powersАлександър велики Alexander the GreatВеликият княз the Grand DukeВеликият могул the Great, Grand MogulВеликото народно събрание the Grand National AssemblyВеликата октомврийска революция the Great October Socialist RevolutionВеликата отечествена война the Great Patriotic WarВеликият океан the Pacific (Ocean)велики пости Lentвелики четвъртък Maundy/Holy Thursdayвелики петък Good Friday* * *велѝк,прил. great; (за народно събрание) grand; Александър Велики истор. Alexander the Great; \велика сила world power; Великата отечествена война истор. the Great Patriotic War; Велики петък църк. Good Friday; Велики пости църк. Lent; Велики четвъртък църк. Maundy/Holy Thursday; Великите сили истор., полит. the Great Powers; the first-rate powers; Великият херцог истор. the Grand Duke ( висша дворянска титла в Западна Европа, с едно стъпало по-ниска от краля, обикн. носена от брата на монарха); ставам \велик rise to greatness.* * *grand; great: He's a велик man. - Той е велик човек.* * *1. (за народно събрание) grand 2. great 3. Александър ВЕЛИКи Alexander the Great 4. ВЕЛИКa сила a world power 5. ВЕЛИКи петък Good Friday 6. ВЕЛИКи пости Lent 7. ВЕЛИКи четвъртък Maundy/Holy Thursday 8. ВЕЛИКите сили the Great Powers;the first-rate powers 9. Великата октомврийска революция the Great October Socialist Revolution 10. Великата отечествена война the Great Patriotic War 11. Великият княз the Grand Duke 12. Великият могул the Great, Grand Mogul 13. Великият океан the Pacific (Ocean) 14. Великото народно събрание the Grand National Assembly 15. ставам ВЕЛИК rise to great-ness -
15 Bodmer, Johann Georg
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Railways and locomotives, Steam and internal combustion engines, Textiles, Weapons and armour[br]b. 9 December 1786 Zurich, Switzerlandd. 30 May 1864 Zurich, Switzerland[br]Swiss mechanical engineer and inventor.[br]John George Bodmer (as he was known in England) showed signs of great inventive ability even as a child. Soon after completing his apprenticeship to a local millwright, he set up his own work-shop at Zussnacht. One of his first inventions, in 1805, was a shell which exploded on impact. Soon after this he went into partnership with Baron d'Eichthal to establish a cotton mill at St Blaise in the Black Forest. Bodmer designed the water-wheels and all the machinery. A few years later they established a factory for firearms and Bodmer designed special machine tools and developed a system of interchangeable manufacture comparable with American developments at that time. More inventions followed, including a detachable bayonet for breech-loading rifles and a rifled, breech-loading cannon for 12 lb (5.4 kg) shells.Bodmer was appointed by the Grand Duke of Baden to the posts of Director General of the Government Iron Works and Inspector of Artillery. He left St Blaise in 1816 and entered completely into the service of the Grand Duke, but before taking up his duties he visited Britain for the first time and made an intensive five-month tour of textile mills, iron works, workshops and similar establishments.In 1821 he returned to Switzerland and was engaged in setting up cotton mills and other engineering works. In 1824 he went back to England, where he obtained a patent for his improvements in cotton machinery and set up a mill near Bolton incorporating his ideas. His health failing, he was obliged to return to Switzerland in 1828, but he was soon busy with engineering works there and in France. In 1833 he went to England again, first to Bolton and four years later to Manchester in partnership with H.H.Birley. In the next ten years he patented many more inventions in the fields of textile machinery, steam engines and machine tools. These included a balanced steam engine, a mechanical stoker, steam engine valve gear, gear-cutting machines and a circular planer or vertical lathe, anticipating machines of this type later developed in America by E.P. Bullard. The metric system was used in his workshops and in gearing calculations he introduced the concept of diametral pitch, which then became known as "Manchester Pitch". The balanced engine was built in stationary form and in two locomotives, but although their running was remarkably smooth the additional complication prevented their wider use.After the death of H.H.Birley in 1846, Bodmer removed to London until 1848, when he went to Austria. About 1860 he returned to his native town of Zurich. He remained actively engaged in all kinds of inventions up to the end of his life. He obtained fourteen British patents, each of which describes many inventions; two of these patents were extended beyond the normal duration of fourteen years. Two others were obtained on his behalf, one by his brother James in 1813 for his cannon and one relating to railways by Charles Fox in 1847. Many of his inventions had little direct influence but anticipated much later developments. His ideas were sound and some of his engines and machine tools were in use for over sixty years. He was elected a Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1835.[br]Bibliography1845, "The advantages of working stationary and marine engines with high-pressure steam, expansively and at great velocities; and of the compensating, or double crank system", Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 4:372–99.1846, "On the combustion of fuel in furnaces and steam-boilers, with a description of Bodmer's fire-grate", Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 5:362–8.Further ReadingObituary, 1868–9, Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 28:573–608.H.W.Dickinson, 1929–30, "Diary of John George Bodmer, 1816–17", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 10:102–14.D.Brownlie, 1925–6, John George Bodmer, his life and work, particularly in relation to the evolution of mechanical stoking', Transactions of the Newcomen Society 6:86–110.W.O.Henderson (ed.), 1968, Industrial Britain Under the Regency: The Diaries of Escher, Bodmer, May and de Gallois 1814–1818, London: Frank Cass (a more complete account of his visit to Britain).RTS -
16 ksi|ążę
m (D księciu, V książę, N pl książęta, G pl książąt) 1. (władca) prince, duke- wielki książę the grand duke- książęta pomorscy dukes of Pomerania- książęta niemieccy German princes2. (potomek króla) prince- książę królewskiej krwi a prince of the blood, a royal prince3. (tytuł arystokratyczny) prince, duke- nadać komuś tytuł księcia to confer the title of duke upon sb4. przen. (osoba wyróżniająca się) prince przen.- książę poetów a prince of a. among poets- □ książę Kościoła Relig. Prince of the ChurchThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > ksi|ążę
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17 в ходу
( быть)be extremely popular (fashionable); be customary; be in vogue; be in great demand (request)Свиньин хотел скакать к великому князю Михаилу Павловичу и рассказать ему всё чистосердечно. Такие манёвры тогда были в ходу. (Н. Лесков, Человек на часах) — Svinin wanted to gallop off to the Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich and relate to him, quite frankly, all that had happened. Manoeuvres of this nature were then customary.
Это слово "сознательный" было в те годы в большом ходу. Им как бы награждали человека. (П. Нилин, Жестокость) — The word 'conscious' was in vogue at that time. It was bestowed on a person like something of a prize.
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18 Его Королевское Высочество Великий Герцог Люксембургский
General subject: His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of LuxembourgУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Его Королевское Высочество Великий Герцог Люксембургский
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19 wielki
adj( bardzo duży) big, large; ( intensywny) intense; (przen) greatwielki palec — ( u nogi) big toe
Wielki Tydzień — REL Holy Week
Wielki Piątek — REL Good Friday
Wielki Czwartek — REL Maundy Thursday
Wielka Sobota — REL Holy Saturday
Wielki Post — REL Lent
od wielkiego święta lub dzwonu — once in a blue moon
* * *a.1. (= duży według jakiejś skali) big, large, huge; wielki dom big house; wielkie drzewo big tree; wielkie litery capital letters; wielka liczba large number; wielka ryba huge fish; wielki majątek large fortune; wielkie straty big losses; wielki przemysł big industry; wielki palec u nogi big toe; wielki piec metal. blast furnace.2. w nazwach własnych (zw. = duży przez kontrast z małym) Great; rzad. Big, Large, Grand; Wielka Brytania Great Britain; Wielka Niedźwiedzica the Great Bear; Wielki Wóz the Big Dipper; Wielki Obłok Magellana the Large Magellanic Cloud; Wielki Kanion the Grand Canyon.3. (= silny, znaczny, emocjonujący, ambitny) great; pot. l. emf. big; wielkie cierpienie great suffering; wielka miłość great love; wielkie oczekiwania great expectations; wielka odpowiedzialność great responsibility; wielka pociecha great comfort; wielka przygoda great adventure; wielkie plany great l. big plans; zrobić na kimś wielkie wrażenie make a great l. big impression on sb; to nic wielkiego it's nothing much; wielka mi rzecz! iron. big deal!; Wielki Wybuch astron. the Big Bang.4. (= wyróżniający się, ważny, wybitny) great; wielki człowiek great man; wielkie odkrycie great discovery; wielki kryzys hist. the (Great) Depression; wielka wojna hist. (= I wojna światowa) the Great War; Aleksander Wielki hist. Alexander the Great; Piotr Wielki hist. Peter the Great; wielki Boże! great God!, God almighty!5. (= wysoki rangą) grand; wielki książę/wezyr/mistrz Grand Duke/Vizir/Master; Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie hist. the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; wielka ława przysięgłych prawn. grand jury.6. (= imponujący; t. iron.) grand; wielka pani grand lady; wielki pan grand lord; na wielką skalę on a grand scale; w wielkim stylu in grand style.7. rel. (= związany z Wielkanocą) Wielki Tydzień Easter week, Passion Week, Holy Week; Wielki Czwartek Maundy Thursday; rz.-kat. Holy Thursday; Wielki Piątek Good Friday; Wielka Sobota Holy Saturday; Wielka Niedziela Easter Saturday, Easter Day; wielki post Lent.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > wielki
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20 великий
1. great; large; big«Великий освободитель» — the Great Emancipator
2. grandвеликий князь; эрцгерцог — Grand Duke
«великое объединение» — grand unification
Синонимический ряд:большой (прил.) большой; гигантский; грандиозный; громадный; колоссальный; немалый; огромныйАнтонимический ряд:жалкий; маленький; малый; ничтожный; смешной
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