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  • 21 Untergang

    m
    1. der Sonne etc.: setting
    2. NAUT. sinking
    3. nur Sg.; fig. allmählicher: decline; totaler: downfall; eines Reichs etc.: fall; einer Kultur etc.: extinction; (Ruin) auch iro. ruin; der Untergang der Welt the end of the world, doomsday; das ist noch sein Untergang auch umg., fig. that’ll be the ruin of him yet; dem Untergang geweiht sein be doomed
    * * *
    der Untergang
    (Niedergang) decline; downfall; ruin;
    (Tod) fate
    * * *
    Ụn|ter|gang
    m pl - gänge
    1) (von Schiff) sinking
    2) (von Gestirn) setting
    3) (= das Zugrundegehen) (allmählich) decline; (völlig) destruction; (der Welt) end; (von Individuum) downfall, ruin
    * * *
    (a disastrous fall, especially a final failure or ruin: the downfall of our hopes.) downfall
    * * *
    Un·ter·gang
    <- gänge>
    m
    1. (das Versinken) sinking
    der \Untergang der Titanic the sinking of the Titanic
    der \Untergang der Sonne the setting of the sun
    3. (Zerstörung) destruction
    der \Untergang einer Zivilisation the decline of civilization
    vom \Untergang bedroht sein to be threatened by destruction
    etw/jd geht seinem \Untergang entgegen sth/sb is heading for disaster
    der \Untergang des Römischen Reiches the fall of the Roman Empire
    4. (Verlust) loss
    \Untergang eines Pfandes extinguishment of lien
    \Untergang von Waren loss of goods
    zufälliger \Untergang accidental loss
    * * *
    1) (SonnenUntergang, MondUntergang usw.) setting
    2) (von Schiffen) sinking
    3) (das Zugrundegehen) decline; (plötzlich) destruction; (von Personen) downfall; (der Welt) end
    * * *
    1. der Sonne etc: setting
    2. SCHIFF sinking
    3. nur sg; fig allmählicher: decline; totaler: downfall; eines Reichs etc: fall; einer Kultur etc: extinction; (Ruin) auch iron ruin;
    der Untergang der Welt the end of the world, doomsday;
    das ist noch sein Untergang auch umg, fig that’ll be the ruin of him yet;
    * * *
    1) (SonnenUntergang, MondUntergang usw.) setting
    2) (von Schiffen) sinking
    3) (das Zugrundegehen) decline; (plötzlich) destruction; (von Personen) downfall; (der Welt) end
    * * *
    m.
    downfall n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Untergang

  • 22 Emigration

       Traditionally, Portugal has been a country with a history of emigration to foreign lands, as well as to the overseas empire. During the early centuries of empire, only relatively small numbers of Portuguese emigrated to reside permanently in its colonies. After the establishment of the second, largely Brazilian empire in the 17th century, however, greater numbers of Portuguese left to seek their fortunes outside Europe. It was only toward the end of the 19th century, however, that Portuguese emigration became a mass movement, at first, largely to Brazil. While Portuguese-speaking Brazil was by far the most popular destination for the majority of Portuguese emigrants in early modern and modern times, after 1830, the United States and later Venezuela also became common destinations.
       Portuguese emigration patterns have changed in the 20th century and, as the Portuguese historian and economist Oliveira Martins wrote before the turn of the century, Portuguese emigration rates are a kind of national barometer. Crises and related social, political, and economic conditions within Portugal, as well as the presence of established emigrant communities in various countries, emigration laws, and the world economy have combined to shape emigration rates and destinations.
       After World War II, Brazil no longer remained the favorite destination of the majority of Portuguese emigrants who left Portugal to improve their lives and standards of living. Beginning in the 1950s, and swelling into a massive stream in the 1960s and into the 1970s, most Portuguese emigrated to find work in France and, after the change in U.S. immigration laws in the mid-1960s, a steady stream went to North America, including Canada. The emigration figures here indicate that the most intensive emigration years coincided with excessive political turmoil and severe draft (army conscription) laws during the First Republic (1912 was the high point), that emigration dropped during World Wars I and II and during economic downturns such as the Depression, and that the largest flow of Portuguese emigration in history occurred after the onset of the African colonial wars (1961) and into the 1970s, as Portuguese sought emigration as a way to avoid conscription or assignment to Africa.
       1887 17,000
       1900ca. 17,000 (mainly to Brazil)
       1910 39,000
       1912 88,000 (75,000 of these to Brazil)
       1930ca. 30,000 (Great Depression)
       1940ca. 8,800
       1950 41,000
       1955 57,000
       1960 67,000
       1965 131,000
       1970 209,000
       Despite considerable efforts by Lisbon to divert the stream of emigrants from Brazil or France to the African territories of Angola and Mozambique, this colonization effort failed, and most Portuguese who left Portugal preferred the better pay and security of jobs in France and West Germany or in the United States, Venezuela, and Brazil, where there were more deeply rooted Portuguese emigrant communities. At the time of the Revolution of 25 April 1974, when the military coup in Lisbon signaled the beginning of pressures for the Portuguese settlers to leave Africa, the total number of Portuguese resident in the two larger African territories amounted to about 600,000. In modern times, nonimperial Portuguese emigration has prevailed over imperial emigration and has had a significant impact on Portugal's annual budget (due to emigrants' remittances), the political system (since emigrants have a degree of absentee voting rights), investment and economy, and culture.
       A total of 4 million Portuguese reside and work outside Portugal as of 2009, over one-third of the country's continental and island population. It has also been said that more Portuguese of Azorean descent reside outside the Azores than in the Azores. The following statistics reflect the pattern of Portuguese emigrant communities in the world outside the mother country.
       Overseas Portuguese Communities Population Figures by Country of Residence ( estimates for 2002)
       Brazil 1,000,000
       France 650,000
       S. Africa 600,000
       USA 500,000
       Canada 400,000
       Venezuela 400,000
       W. Europe 175,000 (besides France and Germany)
       Germany 125,000
       Britain (UK) 60,000 (including Channel Islands)
       Lusophone Africa 50,000
       Australia 50,000
       Total: 4,010,000 (estimate)

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Emigration

  • 23 dissoudre

    dissoudre [disudʀ]
    ➭ TABLE 51
    1. transitive verb
       b. [+ assemblée, gouvernement, mariage, parti] to dissolve
    2. reflexive verb
       b. [association] to disband
    * * *
    disudʀ
    1.
    1) to dissolve [assemblée, mariage, compagnie]; to disband [mouvement]
    2) Chimie to dissolve [substance] ( dans in)
    3) ( briser) to break up [empire, institutions, alliance]; to destroy [cohésion, unité]

    2.
    se dissoudre verbe pronominal
    1) [organisation, parti] to disband
    2) [substance] to dissolve ( dans in)
    * * *
    disudʀ vt
    1) [substance] to dissolve
    2) [assemblée] to dissolve
    * * *
    dissoudre verb table: résoudre
    A vtr
    1 Jur, Pol to dissolve [assemblée, mariage, compagnie]; to disband [parti, mouvement]; le mouvement dissous the disbanded movement;
    2 Chimie [eau, acide, dissolvant] to dissolve [substance] (dans in); faire dissoudre la lessive to dissolve the washing powder;
    3 ( briser) to break up [empire, institutions, alliance]; to destroy [cohésion, unité];
    4 liter [lumière, éclairage, brouillard] to blur [contours, objets].
    1 Jur, Pol [organisation, parti] to disband; [mariage] to be dissolved;
    2 Chimie [substance, comprimé] to dissolve (dans in);
    3 [institutions] to die out; [société] to disintegrate; [unité] to crumble; [sentiment] to fade; [volonté] to melt away;
    4 liter ( devenir flou) to dissolve, to be blurred (dans in).
    [disudr] verbe transitif
    1. [diluer - sel, sucre, comprimé] to dissolve
    2. [désunir - assemblée, mariage] to dissolve ; [ - parti] to break up (separable), to dissolve ; [ - association] to dissolve, to break up (separable), to bring to an end
    ————————
    se dissoudre verbe pronominal intransitif
    1. [sel, sucre, comprimé] to dissolve

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > dissoudre

  • 24 רום

    רוּם, רִים(b. h.) ( to swing, to be high, lifted up; to rise. Ab. Zar.24b רוֹמִי רומי השיטה Ar. (ed. רוני) rise, rise, acacia (holy ark)!; Gen. R. s. 54 רומי השטה. Hif. הרִים 1) to lift up, raise. Cant. R. to III, 4 (ref. to Ps. 75:8) ישפיל … ויָרִים לכרשוכ׳ he shall lower Belshazzar, and lift up Cyrus and Darius; Yalk. Ps. 812 אני הוא משפיל ומֵרִים lower and raise; מלכות … מרימ he lays low one empire and raises another empire ; a. e. 2) to take off, remove. Ruth R. to I, 17 (ref. to Ez. 21:31) הסר … והָרִים העטרהוכ׳ remove the bonnet from our teachers, and take the crown off the nations; a. e. Hof. הוּרָם to be taken off, esp. to be separated as an offering, priests share ; to be consecrated. Ḥall. II, 8 שלא הוּרְמָה חלתה (not הורם), v. חַלָּה. Sifré Num. 110 (ref. to Num. 4:20) את שמוּרָם קודשוכ׳ that which is separated is to be sacred, and the remainder secular, but (no Ḥallah is to be taken,) when both would be sacred. Zeb.V, 6 המורם מהםוכ׳ the same rules apply to what is taken off them for the priest; a. fr. Polel רוֹמֵם to lift up, elevate. Tanḥ. Matt. 6; Num. R. s. 22, end (ref. to Num. 31:9 and 32:1) הא שהשפיל … ור׳וכ׳ here you see that the Lord lowered the Midianites, and raised the Israelites. Ib. (ref. to 1 Sam. 2:7) אף … מְרוֹמֵם את זה in the anger which he brings to bear on one, he raises the other. Pesik. R. s. 10 (ref. to Ps. 75:8) משפיל לכל … ומרומםוכ׳ he lowered every one that had part in the worship of the golden calf, and elevated every one that had no part Ib. ועכשיו … אף כך רוֹמֵם ראשם and now that thou hast lifted up my head, lift thou up their head likewise; לךר׳ ראשם go and lift up their heads (announce to them the divine pardon). Ib. (ref. to Ex. 30:12) כל מה שאתה יכול לרוֹמֵם … רוֹמְמָהּ שבאילו לי אתה מְרוֹמֵם (not רומם) in whatever way thou canst elevate that nation elevate it, for by this thou elevatest me. Ex. R. s. 25 ורִימְּמָןהקב״הוכ׳ (fr. רָמַם) and the Lord raised them above all; a. fr. Hithpol. הִתְרוֹמֵם, Nithpol. נִתְרוֹמֵם to be lifted up; to pride ones self. Y.Ber.IX, 14a top יתגדל … ויתברך ויִתְרוֹמַם שמךוכ׳ thy Name be magnified … and blessed and lifted up (praised) for ; Y.Taan.I, 64a top; Gen. R. s. 13. Meg.17b כיון … מִתְרוֹמֶמֶת קרןוכ׳ when the transgressors cease to exist, the horn of the righteous will be uplifted. Num. R. s. 22; Tanḥ. Matt. 6, a. e. אין אדם מִתְרוֹמֵם, v. רוֹמֵמוּת. Tanḥ. Mick. 3 ונִתְרוֹמְמוּ and they were raised (to power); a. e.(Yalk. Gen. 79 מתרוממות, read: מְתַמְּרִין, v. תָּמַר.

    Jewish literature > רום

  • 25 רים

    רוּם, רִים(b. h.) ( to swing, to be high, lifted up; to rise. Ab. Zar.24b רוֹמִי רומי השיטה Ar. (ed. רוני) rise, rise, acacia (holy ark)!; Gen. R. s. 54 רומי השטה. Hif. הרִים 1) to lift up, raise. Cant. R. to III, 4 (ref. to Ps. 75:8) ישפיל … ויָרִים לכרשוכ׳ he shall lower Belshazzar, and lift up Cyrus and Darius; Yalk. Ps. 812 אני הוא משפיל ומֵרִים lower and raise; מלכות … מרימ he lays low one empire and raises another empire ; a. e. 2) to take off, remove. Ruth R. to I, 17 (ref. to Ez. 21:31) הסר … והָרִים העטרהוכ׳ remove the bonnet from our teachers, and take the crown off the nations; a. e. Hof. הוּרָם to be taken off, esp. to be separated as an offering, priests share ; to be consecrated. Ḥall. II, 8 שלא הוּרְמָה חלתה (not הורם), v. חַלָּה. Sifré Num. 110 (ref. to Num. 4:20) את שמוּרָם קודשוכ׳ that which is separated is to be sacred, and the remainder secular, but (no Ḥallah is to be taken,) when both would be sacred. Zeb.V, 6 המורם מהםוכ׳ the same rules apply to what is taken off them for the priest; a. fr. Polel רוֹמֵם to lift up, elevate. Tanḥ. Matt. 6; Num. R. s. 22, end (ref. to Num. 31:9 and 32:1) הא שהשפיל … ור׳וכ׳ here you see that the Lord lowered the Midianites, and raised the Israelites. Ib. (ref. to 1 Sam. 2:7) אף … מְרוֹמֵם את זה in the anger which he brings to bear on one, he raises the other. Pesik. R. s. 10 (ref. to Ps. 75:8) משפיל לכל … ומרומםוכ׳ he lowered every one that had part in the worship of the golden calf, and elevated every one that had no part Ib. ועכשיו … אף כך רוֹמֵם ראשם and now that thou hast lifted up my head, lift thou up their head likewise; לךר׳ ראשם go and lift up their heads (announce to them the divine pardon). Ib. (ref. to Ex. 30:12) כל מה שאתה יכול לרוֹמֵם … רוֹמְמָהּ שבאילו לי אתה מְרוֹמֵם (not רומם) in whatever way thou canst elevate that nation elevate it, for by this thou elevatest me. Ex. R. s. 25 ורִימְּמָןהקב״הוכ׳ (fr. רָמַם) and the Lord raised them above all; a. fr. Hithpol. הִתְרוֹמֵם, Nithpol. נִתְרוֹמֵם to be lifted up; to pride ones self. Y.Ber.IX, 14a top יתגדל … ויתברך ויִתְרוֹמַם שמךוכ׳ thy Name be magnified … and blessed and lifted up (praised) for ; Y.Taan.I, 64a top; Gen. R. s. 13. Meg.17b כיון … מִתְרוֹמֶמֶת קרןוכ׳ when the transgressors cease to exist, the horn of the righteous will be uplifted. Num. R. s. 22; Tanḥ. Matt. 6, a. e. אין אדם מִתְרוֹמֵם, v. רוֹמֵמוּת. Tanḥ. Mick. 3 ונִתְרוֹמְמוּ and they were raised (to power); a. e.(Yalk. Gen. 79 מתרוממות, read: מְתַמְּרִין, v. תָּמַר.

    Jewish literature > רים

  • 26 רוּם

    רוּם, רִים(b. h.) ( to swing, to be high, lifted up; to rise. Ab. Zar.24b רוֹמִי רומי השיטה Ar. (ed. רוני) rise, rise, acacia (holy ark)!; Gen. R. s. 54 רומי השטה. Hif. הרִים 1) to lift up, raise. Cant. R. to III, 4 (ref. to Ps. 75:8) ישפיל … ויָרִים לכרשוכ׳ he shall lower Belshazzar, and lift up Cyrus and Darius; Yalk. Ps. 812 אני הוא משפיל ומֵרִים lower and raise; מלכות … מרימ he lays low one empire and raises another empire ; a. e. 2) to take off, remove. Ruth R. to I, 17 (ref. to Ez. 21:31) הסר … והָרִים העטרהוכ׳ remove the bonnet from our teachers, and take the crown off the nations; a. e. Hof. הוּרָם to be taken off, esp. to be separated as an offering, priests share ; to be consecrated. Ḥall. II, 8 שלא הוּרְמָה חלתה (not הורם), v. חַלָּה. Sifré Num. 110 (ref. to Num. 4:20) את שמוּרָם קודשוכ׳ that which is separated is to be sacred, and the remainder secular, but (no Ḥallah is to be taken,) when both would be sacred. Zeb.V, 6 המורם מהםוכ׳ the same rules apply to what is taken off them for the priest; a. fr. Polel רוֹמֵם to lift up, elevate. Tanḥ. Matt. 6; Num. R. s. 22, end (ref. to Num. 31:9 and 32:1) הא שהשפיל … ור׳וכ׳ here you see that the Lord lowered the Midianites, and raised the Israelites. Ib. (ref. to 1 Sam. 2:7) אף … מְרוֹמֵם את זה in the anger which he brings to bear on one, he raises the other. Pesik. R. s. 10 (ref. to Ps. 75:8) משפיל לכל … ומרומםוכ׳ he lowered every one that had part in the worship of the golden calf, and elevated every one that had no part Ib. ועכשיו … אף כך רוֹמֵם ראשם and now that thou hast lifted up my head, lift thou up their head likewise; לךר׳ ראשם go and lift up their heads (announce to them the divine pardon). Ib. (ref. to Ex. 30:12) כל מה שאתה יכול לרוֹמֵם … רוֹמְמָהּ שבאילו לי אתה מְרוֹמֵם (not רומם) in whatever way thou canst elevate that nation elevate it, for by this thou elevatest me. Ex. R. s. 25 ורִימְּמָןהקב״הוכ׳ (fr. רָמַם) and the Lord raised them above all; a. fr. Hithpol. הִתְרוֹמֵם, Nithpol. נִתְרוֹמֵם to be lifted up; to pride ones self. Y.Ber.IX, 14a top יתגדל … ויתברך ויִתְרוֹמַם שמךוכ׳ thy Name be magnified … and blessed and lifted up (praised) for ; Y.Taan.I, 64a top; Gen. R. s. 13. Meg.17b כיון … מִתְרוֹמֶמֶת קרןוכ׳ when the transgressors cease to exist, the horn of the righteous will be uplifted. Num. R. s. 22; Tanḥ. Matt. 6, a. e. אין אדם מִתְרוֹמֵם, v. רוֹמֵמוּת. Tanḥ. Mick. 3 ונִתְרוֹמְמוּ and they were raised (to power); a. e.(Yalk. Gen. 79 מתרוממות, read: מְתַמְּרִין, v. תָּמַר.

    Jewish literature > רוּם

  • 27 רִים

    רוּם, רִים(b. h.) ( to swing, to be high, lifted up; to rise. Ab. Zar.24b רוֹמִי רומי השיטה Ar. (ed. רוני) rise, rise, acacia (holy ark)!; Gen. R. s. 54 רומי השטה. Hif. הרִים 1) to lift up, raise. Cant. R. to III, 4 (ref. to Ps. 75:8) ישפיל … ויָרִים לכרשוכ׳ he shall lower Belshazzar, and lift up Cyrus and Darius; Yalk. Ps. 812 אני הוא משפיל ומֵרִים lower and raise; מלכות … מרימ he lays low one empire and raises another empire ; a. e. 2) to take off, remove. Ruth R. to I, 17 (ref. to Ez. 21:31) הסר … והָרִים העטרהוכ׳ remove the bonnet from our teachers, and take the crown off the nations; a. e. Hof. הוּרָם to be taken off, esp. to be separated as an offering, priests share ; to be consecrated. Ḥall. II, 8 שלא הוּרְמָה חלתה (not הורם), v. חַלָּה. Sifré Num. 110 (ref. to Num. 4:20) את שמוּרָם קודשוכ׳ that which is separated is to be sacred, and the remainder secular, but (no Ḥallah is to be taken,) when both would be sacred. Zeb.V, 6 המורם מהםוכ׳ the same rules apply to what is taken off them for the priest; a. fr. Polel רוֹמֵם to lift up, elevate. Tanḥ. Matt. 6; Num. R. s. 22, end (ref. to Num. 31:9 and 32:1) הא שהשפיל … ור׳וכ׳ here you see that the Lord lowered the Midianites, and raised the Israelites. Ib. (ref. to 1 Sam. 2:7) אף … מְרוֹמֵם את זה in the anger which he brings to bear on one, he raises the other. Pesik. R. s. 10 (ref. to Ps. 75:8) משפיל לכל … ומרומםוכ׳ he lowered every one that had part in the worship of the golden calf, and elevated every one that had no part Ib. ועכשיו … אף כך רוֹמֵם ראשם and now that thou hast lifted up my head, lift thou up their head likewise; לךר׳ ראשם go and lift up their heads (announce to them the divine pardon). Ib. (ref. to Ex. 30:12) כל מה שאתה יכול לרוֹמֵם … רוֹמְמָהּ שבאילו לי אתה מְרוֹמֵם (not רומם) in whatever way thou canst elevate that nation elevate it, for by this thou elevatest me. Ex. R. s. 25 ורִימְּמָןהקב״הוכ׳ (fr. רָמַם) and the Lord raised them above all; a. fr. Hithpol. הִתְרוֹמֵם, Nithpol. נִתְרוֹמֵם to be lifted up; to pride ones self. Y.Ber.IX, 14a top יתגדל … ויתברך ויִתְרוֹמַם שמךוכ׳ thy Name be magnified … and blessed and lifted up (praised) for ; Y.Taan.I, 64a top; Gen. R. s. 13. Meg.17b כיון … מִתְרוֹמֶמֶת קרןוכ׳ when the transgressors cease to exist, the horn of the righteous will be uplifted. Num. R. s. 22; Tanḥ. Matt. 6, a. e. אין אדם מִתְרוֹמֵם, v. רוֹמֵמוּת. Tanḥ. Mick. 3 ונִתְרוֹמְמוּ and they were raised (to power); a. e.(Yalk. Gen. 79 מתרוממות, read: מְתַמְּרִין, v. תָּמַר.

    Jewish literature > רִים

  • 28 declive

    m.
    1 decline, fall (decadencia).
    en declive in decline
    2 slope (pendiente).
    un terreno en declive an area of sloping ground
    * * *
    1 (inclinación) slope, incline
    \
    en declive figurado on the decline
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) [de terreno, superficie] incline, gradient
    2) (=decadencia) decline

    en declive: es una ciudad en declive — it's a city in decline

    el consumo de alcohol está o va en declive — alcohol consumption is declining o is on the decline

    * * *
    a) ( de una superficie) slope, incline (frml)
    b) ( decadencia) decline

    una economía en declive — a declining economy, an economy in decline

    * * *
    = droop, decline.
    Ex. This article describes a study undertaken in Brazil to investigate the phenomenon of the droop at the end of the graph demonstrating Bradford's law which corresponds to the journals of low productivity.
    Ex. Library automation was in its ascendancy at precisely the same time that the nation's economy was firmly embarked on its present calamitous decline.
    ----
    * estar en declive = be in decline.
    * * *
    a) ( de una superficie) slope, incline (frml)
    b) ( decadencia) decline

    una economía en declive — a declining economy, an economy in decline

    * * *
    = droop, decline.

    Ex: This article describes a study undertaken in Brazil to investigate the phenomenon of the droop at the end of the graph demonstrating Bradford's law which corresponds to the journals of low productivity.

    Ex: Library automation was in its ascendancy at precisely the same time that the nation's economy was firmly embarked on its present calamitous decline.
    * estar en declive = be in decline.

    * * *
    1 (de una superficie) slope, incline ( frml)
    terreno en declive sloping ground
    tiene buen declive ( Chi fam); he can drink anybody under the table ( colloq)
    2 (decadencia) decline
    una economía en declive a declining economy, an economy in decline
    una especie en declive a species in decline
    * * *

    declive sustantivo masculino



    declive sustantivo masculino
    1 (pendiente) incline, slope
    2 (decadencia) decline: su declive comenzó en los años cincuenta, she began to lose popularity in the fifties
    ' declive' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    decadencia
    - vertiente
    English:
    decline
    - sloping
    - slope
    * * *
    1. [decadencia] decline, fall;
    un imperio en declive an empire in decline;
    entrar en declive to go into decline
    2. [pendiente] slope;
    un terreno en declive an area of sloping ground
    * * *
    m fig
    decline;
    en declive in decline;
    ir en declive decline
    * * *
    1) decadencia: decline
    2) : slope, incline

    Spanish-English dictionary > declive

  • 29 סבךְ

    סָבַךְ(b. h.) to interweave, interlace, esp. to make a hedge or dam with twigs, stones Shebi. III, 8 לא יִסְבּוֹךְ בעפר Ms. M. a. R. S. a. l. (ed. יסמוך) he must not cover the dam with earth, opp. עושה חייץ, v. חַיִיץ. Nif. נִסְבַּךְ to he caught, entangled. Lev. R. s. 29, a. e., v. נָטַש II. Yalk. Num. 782, v. infra; a. e. Hithpa. הִסְתַּבֵּךְ, Nithpa. נִסְתּבֵּךְ same. Gen. R. s. 56 מִסְתַּבְּכִין בצרות entangled in troubles. Ib. (read:) עתידין בניך להִסְתַּבֵּךְ במלכיות ונמשכין ממלכות למלכות thy children will be entangled (come in conflict) with successive empires, and be drawn from empire to empire; Yalk. Num. 782 נִסְבָּכִין. Gen. R. s. 65 ונ׳ בשערו and the chaff stuck in his hair. Y.Sabb.VII, 10a bot. נִסְתַּבְּכוּ בגדיווכ׳ if his garments were caught in thorns; a. e. Hof. הוּסְבָּךְ same. Peah VII, 3 (read:) עקץ …ה׳ בעלים ונפל לארץוכ׳ if he cut a cluster off by its stalk, and it was intercepted by the foliage, and in falling to the ground single berries fell off. Pi. סִבֵּךְ to entangle. Y.Kil.II, end, 28b מסבכין, some ed., v. סָכַךְ.Part. pass. מְסוּבָּךְ. Ḥull.30b תחת צמר מס׳ if he put the slaughtering knife under the entangled wool (on the animals neck). M. Kat. 6a top במְסוּבָּכִין when the trees in the field are irregularly scattered (not planted in rows). Sot.48a; Yalk. Is. 292 (ref. to ארזה, Zeph. 2:14) בית המסובך בארזים a house which lies in a thicket of cedars.

    Jewish literature > סבךְ

  • 30 סָבַךְ

    סָבַךְ(b. h.) to interweave, interlace, esp. to make a hedge or dam with twigs, stones Shebi. III, 8 לא יִסְבּוֹךְ בעפר Ms. M. a. R. S. a. l. (ed. יסמוך) he must not cover the dam with earth, opp. עושה חייץ, v. חַיִיץ. Nif. נִסְבַּךְ to he caught, entangled. Lev. R. s. 29, a. e., v. נָטַש II. Yalk. Num. 782, v. infra; a. e. Hithpa. הִסְתַּבֵּךְ, Nithpa. נִסְתּבֵּךְ same. Gen. R. s. 56 מִסְתַּבְּכִין בצרות entangled in troubles. Ib. (read:) עתידין בניך להִסְתַּבֵּךְ במלכיות ונמשכין ממלכות למלכות thy children will be entangled (come in conflict) with successive empires, and be drawn from empire to empire; Yalk. Num. 782 נִסְבָּכִין. Gen. R. s. 65 ונ׳ בשערו and the chaff stuck in his hair. Y.Sabb.VII, 10a bot. נִסְתַּבְּכוּ בגדיווכ׳ if his garments were caught in thorns; a. e. Hof. הוּסְבָּךְ same. Peah VII, 3 (read:) עקץ …ה׳ בעלים ונפל לארץוכ׳ if he cut a cluster off by its stalk, and it was intercepted by the foliage, and in falling to the ground single berries fell off. Pi. סִבֵּךְ to entangle. Y.Kil.II, end, 28b מסבכין, some ed., v. סָכַךְ.Part. pass. מְסוּבָּךְ. Ḥull.30b תחת צמר מס׳ if he put the slaughtering knife under the entangled wool (on the animals neck). M. Kat. 6a top במְסוּבָּכִין when the trees in the field are irregularly scattered (not planted in rows). Sot.48a; Yalk. Is. 292 (ref. to ארזה, Zeph. 2:14) בית המסובך בארזים a house which lies in a thicket of cedars.

    Jewish literature > סָבַךְ

  • 31 undergang

    * * *
    (en) end ( fx the end of the world (, of civilization));
    ( ødelæggelse) destruction, ruin;
    ( fald) fall ( fx the fall of the Roman Empire);
    ( forlis) loss;
    [ gå sin undergang i møde] be heading for ruin (, disaster).

    Danish-English dictionary > undergang

  • 32 caer

    v.
    1 to fall.
    tropezó y cayó al suelo she tripped and fell (over o down)
    caer de un tejado/árbol to fall from a roof/tree
    caer rodando por la escalera to fall down the stairs
    María cayó por las gradas Mary fell down the stairs.
    2 to fall (rain, snow).
    cayeron cuatro gotas there were a few spots of rain
    3 to go down, to set (sun).
    al caer el sol at sunset
    4 to fall for it.
    5 to drop in (to visit). ( Latin American Spanish)
    Se me cayó el vaso I dropped the glass.
    6 to decrease, to decline, to fall, to drop.
    La presión barométrica cayó The barometric pressure decreased=fell.
    7 to drop it.
    Se me cayó I dropped it.
    8 to fall on, to drop on, to fall over.
    Me cayó una gota de lluvia A raindrop fell on me.
    9 to crash on.
    Se me cayó el sistema The system crashed on me.
    * * *
    Present Indicative
    caigo, caes, cae, caemos, caéis, caen.
    Past Indicative
    caí, caíste, cayó, caímos, caísteis, cayeron.
    Present Subjunctive
    Imperfect Subjunctive
    Future Subjunctive
    Imperative
    cae (tú), caiga (él/Vd.), caigamos (nos.), caed (vos.), caigan (ellos/Vds.).
    * * *
    verb
    2) drop
    3) hang
    •
    - caer bien
    - caer mal
    * * *
    Para las expresiones caer en la cuenta, caer en desuso, caer en el olvido, caer enfermo, caer redondo, caerse de risa, ver la otra entrada.
    1. VERBO INTRANSITIVO
    1) [persona, objeto]
    a) [desde la posición vertical] to fall

    • [hacer] caer algo — to knock sth over

    b) [desde una altura] to fall

    • [dejar] caer — [+ objeto] to drop; [+ comentario] to slip in

    • [dejarse] caer — [sobre sofá, cama] to fall; (=visitar) to drop in, drop by

    suele dejarse caer por aquí — he usually drops in {o} by

    • caer [sobre] algo/algn — to fall on sth/sb

    su excarcelación está al caer — his release is imminent {o} is expected any day

    2) [lluvia, helada]

    ¡qué nevada ha caído! — what a heavy snowfall!, what a heavy fall of snow!

    3) (=colgar) to hang, fall

    es una tela que cae mucho — it's a fabric which hangs {o} falls nicely

    4) (=bajar) [precio, temperatura] to fall, drop

    caerá la temperatura por debajo de los veinte grados — the temperature will fall {o} drop below twenty degrees

    picado 2., 2)
    5) (=ser derrotado) [soldados, ejército] to be defeated; [deportista, equipo] to be beaten; [ciudad, plaza] to fall, be captured; [criminal] to be arrested
    6) (=morir) to fall, die

    muchos cayeron en el campo de batalla — many fell {o} died on the field of battle

    7)

    • caer [en] (=incurrir) —

    no debemos caer en el triunfalismo — we mustn't give way to triumphalism {o} to crowing over our triumphs

    • caer en el [error] de hacer algo — to make the mistake of doing sth

    • caer en la [tentación] — to give in {o} yield to temptation

    y no nos dejes caer en la tentación — (Biblia) and lead us not into temptation

    caer bajo —

    ¡qué bajo has caído! — [moralmente] how low can you get!, how can you sink so low?; [socialmente] you've certainly come down in the world!

    trampa 2)
    8) (=darse cuenta)

    no caigo — I don't get it *, I don't understand

    ya caigo — I see, now I understand, now I get it *

    • caer en [que] — to realize that

    9) [fecha] to fall, be

    su cumpleaños cae en viernes — her birthday falls {o} is on a Friday

    ¿en qué cae el día de Navidad? — what day is Christmas Day?, what day does Christmas fall on?

    10) (=tocar)

    el premio gordo ha caído en Madrid — the first prize (in the lottery) {o} the jackpot went to Madrid

    • caerle [a algn], le pueden caer muchos años de condena — he could get a very long sentence

    11) (=estar situado) to be

    ¿por dónde cae eso? — whereabouts is that?

    eso cae más hacia el este — that lies {o} is further to the east

    12)

    • caer [dentro] de (=estar comprendido en) —

    13) (=causar impresión)

    no les caí — CAm I didn't hit it off with them, I didn't get on well with them, they didn't take to me

    • caer [bien] a algn, me cae (muy) bien — I (really) like him, I like him (very much)

    Pedro no le cayó bien a mi padre — Pedro didn't make a very good impression on my father, my father didn't really take to Pedro

    • caer [gordo] {o} [fatal] a algn * —

    me cae gordo {o} fatal el tío ese — I can't stand that guy

    • caer [mal] a algn, me cae mal — I don't like him

    14) (=sentar)
    a) [información, comentario]

    me cayó fatal lo que me dijiste — I was very upset by what you said, what you said really upset me

    b) [ropa]
    15) (=terminar)

    • al caer la [noche] — at nightfall

    • al caer la [tarde] — at dusk

    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de posición vertical) to fall over

    caí mal — I fell badly o awkwardly

    se dejó caer en el sillón/en sus brazos — she flopped into the armchair/fell into his arms

    el avión cayó en picada or (Esp) en picado — the plane nosedived

    caer parado — (AmL) ( literal) to land on one's feet; ( tener suerte) to fall o land on one's feet

    dejar caer algo — < objeto> to drop; < noticia> to let drop o fall; < indirecta> to drop

    2) chaparrón/nevada
    3)
    a) cortinas/falda to hang
    b) terreno to drop
    4)
    a) ( incurrir)

    caer en algo: no caigas en ese error don't make that mistake; cayó en la tentación de mirar she succumbed to the temptation to look; la obra por momentos cae en lo ridículo at times the play lapses into the ridiculous; caer muy bajo to stoop very low; qué bajo has caído — you've really sunk low this time

    b) (en engaño, timo)

    cayeron como chinos or angelitos — they swallowed it hook, line and sinker

    5) (fam) (entender, darse cuenta)

    ah, ya caigo! — ( ya entiendo) oh, now I get it! (colloq); ( ya recuerdo) oh, now I remember

    no caigo — I can't think o I'm not sure what (o who etc) you mean

    no caí en que tú no tenías llave — I didn't realize o (fam) I didn't click that you didn't have keys

    caer en desuso — palabra to fall into disuse; costumbre to die out

    7)
    a) gobierno/ciudad to fall
    b) ( perder el cargo) to lose one's job

    se hará una investigación, caiga quien caiga — an inquiry will be held, however many heads have to roll

    c) soldado ( morir) to fall, die; ( ser apresado) to be caught
    8)
    a) desgracia/maldición

    la que me (te, etc) ha caído encima — (fam)

    b)

    al caer la tarde/la noche — at sunset o dusk/nightfall

    9) (fam) ( tocar en suerte)
    10) (+ compl)
    a) ( sentar)

    me cae de gordo or de mal... — (fam) I can't stand him (colloq)

    11)
    a) (fam) ( presentarse) to show up, turn up (BrE)

    de vez en cuando cae or se deja caer por aquí — she drops by o in now and then

    estar al caer: los invitados están al caer — the guests will be here any minute o moment (now)

    caer sobre alguien — to fall upon o on somebody

    caerle encima a alguien — (fam) to pounce o leap on somebody

    12)

    cae dentro de nuestra jurisdicción — it comes under o falls within our jurisdiction

    b) cumpleaños/festividad to fall on

    ¿el 27 (en) qué día cae or en qué cae? — what day's the 27th?

    c) (Esp fam) ( estar situado) to be

    ¿por dónde cae? — whereabouts is that?

    13) precios/temperatura to fall, drop
    14) (Ven) ( aportar dinero) (fam) to chip in (colloq)
    15) (Ven fam) llamada
    2.
    caerse v pron
    1)
    a) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de la posición vertical) to fall, to fall over

    caerse del caballo/de la cama — to fall off one's horse/out of bed

    se cayó redondo — (fam) he collapsed in a heap

    está que se cae de cansancio — (fam) she's dead on her feet (colloq)

    b) (+ me/te/le etc)

    oiga, se le cayó un guante — excuse me, you dropped your glove

    cuidado, no se te vaya a caer — be careful, don't drop it

    caerse con alguien — (Col fam) to go down in somebody's estimation

    no tiene/tienen dónde caerse muerto/muertos — (fam) he hasn't/they haven't got a penny to his/their name

    se cae por su propio peso or de maduro — it goes without saying

    2) ( desprenderse) diente to fall out; hojas to fall off; botón to come off, fall off
    * * *
    = drop, fall, tumble, slump, take + a tumble.
    Ex. The search profile will only be modified periodically as the quality of the set of notifications output from the search drops to unacceptable levels.
    Ex. There may be pale drip marks in the neighbourhood of the tranchefiles, where drops of water fell from the deckle or from the maker's hand on to the new-made sheet.
    Ex. The form this 'hypothesis' has come to take is easily dismissed as a straw figure and serious consideration of the relation between language diversity and thinking has largely tumbled with it.
    Ex. The copy was grubby from use, a paperback with a photographically realistic full-color painting on its cover of an early teenage boy slumped in what looked to me like a corner of a very dirty back alley, a can of Coke in his hand.
    Ex. Tourism takes a tumble in Australia due to the global credit crunch.
    ----
    * al caer la noche = at nightfall.
    * caer aguanieve = sleet.
    * caer al vacío = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.
    * caer como chinches = drop like + flies.
    * caer como moscas = drop like + flies.
    * caer de cabeza = go over + Posesivo + head.
    * caer de espaldas = fall on + Posesivo + back.
    * caer dentro de = fall within/into, fall into.
    * caer dentro de la competencia de = be the province of, fall within + the province of.
    * caer de pie = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet.
    * caer deshecho = flake out.
    * caer desplomado = slump in + a heap.
    * caer en = run + foul of, lapse into, slip into, slide into.
    * caer en barbecho = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.
    * caer en batalla = fall in + battle.
    * caer en combate = fall in + action.
    * caer en descrédito = come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute.
    * caer en desgracia = fall from + grace, fall into + disfavour, tumble into + disgrace, come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute, be in the doghouse, fall + foul of.
    * caer en desuso = fall into + disuse, fall out of + fashion, go out of + use, lapse, fall into + disfavour, die out, drop from + sight, go out of + favour, pass away, fall into + desuetude, fall into + desuetude, pass into + desuetude, sink into + desuetude, sink into + oblivion.
    * caer en el error de = fall into + the error of, blunder into.
    * caer en el olvido = fall into + obscurity, fall into + oblivion, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion, blow over.
    * caer enfermo = become + ill, fall + ill, get + sick.
    * caer en forma de cascada = cascade.
    * caer en gracia = take + a fancy to, take + a shine to, take + a liking to.
    * caer en la cuenta = dawn on, wise up, the penny dropped, suss (out).
    * caer en la cuenta de = realise [realize, -USA].
    * caer en la nada = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.
    * caer en la oscuridad = fall into + obscurity, sink into + oblivion, sink into + obscurity, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion.
    * caer en la tentación = fall into + temptation.
    * caer en la trampa = fall into + the trap, fall for + it, fall into + the snare.
    * caer en manos de = fall into + the hands of.
    * caer en manos enemigas = fall into + enemy hands.
    * caer en oídos sordos = fall on + deaf ears, meet + deaf ears.
    * caer en picado = plummet, swoop, take + a nosedive, nosedive.
    * caer en redondo = flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness, pass out, keel over.
    * caer en terreno baldío = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.
    * caer en terreno pedregoso = fall on + stony ground.
    * caer en una broma = fall for + a joke, fall for + it.
    * caer en una trampa = tumble into + pitfall.
    * caer en un hábito = lapse into + habit.
    * caer fuera de = fall outside, lie beyond.
    * caer fuera del alcance de = fall outside + the scope of.
    * caer fuera de las responsabilidades de = be on the outer fringes of.
    * caer fuera del interés de = lie outside + the scope of.
    * caer fuera del interés de uno = fall outside + Posesivo + interest.
    * caer fuera del objetivo de = fall outside + the scope of.
    * caer hecho polvo = flake out.
    * caer mal = rub + Nombre + up the wrong way.
    * caer por selección = drop.
    * caer presa de = fall + prey to, be prey of.
    * caerse = fall out, fall off, tumble down, topple over, come + a cropper, go down, fall over, take + a tumble.
    * caerse a = topple onto.
    * caerse bien = hit it off.
    * caerse colándose por = fall through.
    * caerse de = fall off of.
    * caerse de bruces = fall + flat on + Posesivo + face.
    * caerse de la cama = roll out of + bed.
    * caerse hacia atrás = fall backwards.
    * caerse hacia delante = fall forward.
    * caérsele la baba por = go + gaga (over).
    * caerse muerto = drop + dead.
    * caerse recondo = pass out.
    * caerse redondo = keel over, flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness.
    * caer sobre = fall onto.
    * caer un chaparrón = the skies + open up.
    * caer un diluvio = the skies + open up.
    * cayéndose a pedazos = disintegrating.
    * comprar hasta caer muerto = shop 'til you drop.
    * dejar caer = drop, dump.
    * dejar caer insinuaciones = throw + hints.
    * dejar caer una indirecta = drop + a hint.
    * dejarse caer = drop by, drop in, slump, droop, mosey.
    * empezar a caer en picado = hit + the skids, be on the skids.
    * hacer caer = oust.
    * maná caído del cielo = manna from heaven.
    * no caer bien = not take + kindly to, not take + kindly to.
    * no caer en buenas manos = fall into + the wrong hands.
    * noche + caer = night + fall.
    * no tener donde caerse muerto = not have two pennies to rub together.
    * palabras + caer en + saco roto = words + fall on + deaf ears.
    * precio + caer = price + fall.
    * recesión + caer en = recession + set in.
    * salir y caer = fall out (of).
    * sistema + caerse = system + crash.
    * telón + caer = curtain + fall.
    * trabajar hasta caer muerto = work + Reflexivo + to the ground, work + Reflexivo + to death.
    * volver a caer (en) = relapse (into).
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de posición vertical) to fall over

    caí mal — I fell badly o awkwardly

    se dejó caer en el sillón/en sus brazos — she flopped into the armchair/fell into his arms

    el avión cayó en picada or (Esp) en picado — the plane nosedived

    caer parado — (AmL) ( literal) to land on one's feet; ( tener suerte) to fall o land on one's feet

    dejar caer algo — < objeto> to drop; < noticia> to let drop o fall; < indirecta> to drop

    2) chaparrón/nevada
    3)
    a) cortinas/falda to hang
    b) terreno to drop
    4)
    a) ( incurrir)

    caer en algo: no caigas en ese error don't make that mistake; cayó en la tentación de mirar she succumbed to the temptation to look; la obra por momentos cae en lo ridículo at times the play lapses into the ridiculous; caer muy bajo to stoop very low; qué bajo has caído — you've really sunk low this time

    b) (en engaño, timo)

    cayeron como chinos or angelitos — they swallowed it hook, line and sinker

    5) (fam) (entender, darse cuenta)

    ah, ya caigo! — ( ya entiendo) oh, now I get it! (colloq); ( ya recuerdo) oh, now I remember

    no caigo — I can't think o I'm not sure what (o who etc) you mean

    no caí en que tú no tenías llave — I didn't realize o (fam) I didn't click that you didn't have keys

    caer en desuso — palabra to fall into disuse; costumbre to die out

    7)
    a) gobierno/ciudad to fall
    b) ( perder el cargo) to lose one's job

    se hará una investigación, caiga quien caiga — an inquiry will be held, however many heads have to roll

    c) soldado ( morir) to fall, die; ( ser apresado) to be caught
    8)
    a) desgracia/maldición

    la que me (te, etc) ha caído encima — (fam)

    b)

    al caer la tarde/la noche — at sunset o dusk/nightfall

    9) (fam) ( tocar en suerte)
    10) (+ compl)
    a) ( sentar)

    me cae de gordo or de mal... — (fam) I can't stand him (colloq)

    11)
    a) (fam) ( presentarse) to show up, turn up (BrE)

    de vez en cuando cae or se deja caer por aquí — she drops by o in now and then

    estar al caer: los invitados están al caer — the guests will be here any minute o moment (now)

    caer sobre alguien — to fall upon o on somebody

    caerle encima a alguien — (fam) to pounce o leap on somebody

    12)

    cae dentro de nuestra jurisdicción — it comes under o falls within our jurisdiction

    b) cumpleaños/festividad to fall on

    ¿el 27 (en) qué día cae or en qué cae? — what day's the 27th?

    c) (Esp fam) ( estar situado) to be

    ¿por dónde cae? — whereabouts is that?

    13) precios/temperatura to fall, drop
    14) (Ven) ( aportar dinero) (fam) to chip in (colloq)
    15) (Ven fam) llamada
    2.
    caerse v pron
    1)
    a) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de la posición vertical) to fall, to fall over

    caerse del caballo/de la cama — to fall off one's horse/out of bed

    se cayó redondo — (fam) he collapsed in a heap

    está que se cae de cansancio — (fam) she's dead on her feet (colloq)

    b) (+ me/te/le etc)

    oiga, se le cayó un guante — excuse me, you dropped your glove

    cuidado, no se te vaya a caer — be careful, don't drop it

    caerse con alguien — (Col fam) to go down in somebody's estimation

    no tiene/tienen dónde caerse muerto/muertos — (fam) he hasn't/they haven't got a penny to his/their name

    se cae por su propio peso or de maduro — it goes without saying

    2) ( desprenderse) diente to fall out; hojas to fall off; botón to come off, fall off
    * * *
    = drop, fall, tumble, slump, take + a tumble.

    Ex: The search profile will only be modified periodically as the quality of the set of notifications output from the search drops to unacceptable levels.

    Ex: There may be pale drip marks in the neighbourhood of the tranchefiles, where drops of water fell from the deckle or from the maker's hand on to the new-made sheet.
    Ex: The form this 'hypothesis' has come to take is easily dismissed as a straw figure and serious consideration of the relation between language diversity and thinking has largely tumbled with it.
    Ex: The copy was grubby from use, a paperback with a photographically realistic full-color painting on its cover of an early teenage boy slumped in what looked to me like a corner of a very dirty back alley, a can of Coke in his hand.
    Ex: Tourism takes a tumble in Australia due to the global credit crunch.
    * al caer la noche = at nightfall.
    * caer aguanieve = sleet.
    * caer al vacío = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.
    * caer como chinches = drop like + flies.
    * caer como moscas = drop like + flies.
    * caer de cabeza = go over + Posesivo + head.
    * caer de espaldas = fall on + Posesivo + back.
    * caer dentro de = fall within/into, fall into.
    * caer dentro de la competencia de = be the province of, fall within + the province of.
    * caer de pie = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet.
    * caer deshecho = flake out.
    * caer desplomado = slump in + a heap.
    * caer en = run + foul of, lapse into, slip into, slide into.
    * caer en barbecho = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.
    * caer en batalla = fall in + battle.
    * caer en combate = fall in + action.
    * caer en descrédito = come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute.
    * caer en desgracia = fall from + grace, fall into + disfavour, tumble into + disgrace, come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute, be in the doghouse, fall + foul of.
    * caer en desuso = fall into + disuse, fall out of + fashion, go out of + use, lapse, fall into + disfavour, die out, drop from + sight, go out of + favour, pass away, fall into + desuetude, fall into + desuetude, pass into + desuetude, sink into + desuetude, sink into + oblivion.
    * caer en el error de = fall into + the error of, blunder into.
    * caer en el olvido = fall into + obscurity, fall into + oblivion, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion, blow over.
    * caer enfermo = become + ill, fall + ill, get + sick.
    * caer en forma de cascada = cascade.
    * caer en gracia = take + a fancy to, take + a shine to, take + a liking to.
    * caer en la cuenta = dawn on, wise up, the penny dropped, suss (out).
    * caer en la cuenta de = realise [realize, -USA].
    * caer en la nada = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.
    * caer en la oscuridad = fall into + obscurity, sink into + oblivion, sink into + obscurity, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion.
    * caer en la tentación = fall into + temptation.
    * caer en la trampa = fall into + the trap, fall for + it, fall into + the snare.
    * caer en manos de = fall into + the hands of.
    * caer en manos enemigas = fall into + enemy hands.
    * caer en oídos sordos = fall on + deaf ears, meet + deaf ears.
    * caer en picado = plummet, swoop, take + a nosedive, nosedive.
    * caer en redondo = flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness, pass out, keel over.
    * caer en terreno baldío = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.
    * caer en terreno pedregoso = fall on + stony ground.
    * caer en una broma = fall for + a joke, fall for + it.
    * caer en una trampa = tumble into + pitfall.
    * caer en un hábito = lapse into + habit.
    * caer fuera de = fall outside, lie beyond.
    * caer fuera del alcance de = fall outside + the scope of.
    * caer fuera de las responsabilidades de = be on the outer fringes of.
    * caer fuera del interés de = lie outside + the scope of.
    * caer fuera del interés de uno = fall outside + Posesivo + interest.
    * caer fuera del objetivo de = fall outside + the scope of.
    * caer hecho polvo = flake out.
    * caer mal = rub + Nombre + up the wrong way.
    * caer por selección = drop.
    * caer presa de = fall + prey to, be prey of.
    * caerse = fall out, fall off, tumble down, topple over, come + a cropper, go down, fall over, take + a tumble.
    * caerse a = topple onto.
    * caerse bien = hit it off.
    * caerse colándose por = fall through.
    * caerse de = fall off of.
    * caerse de bruces = fall + flat on + Posesivo + face.
    * caerse de la cama = roll out of + bed.
    * caerse hacia atrás = fall backwards.
    * caerse hacia delante = fall forward.
    * caérsele la baba por = go + gaga (over).
    * caerse muerto = drop + dead.
    * caerse recondo = pass out.
    * caerse redondo = keel over, flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness.
    * caer sobre = fall onto.
    * caer un chaparrón = the skies + open up.
    * caer un diluvio = the skies + open up.
    * cayéndose a pedazos = disintegrating.
    * comprar hasta caer muerto = shop 'til you drop.
    * dejar caer = drop, dump.
    * dejar caer insinuaciones = throw + hints.
    * dejar caer una indirecta = drop + a hint.
    * dejarse caer = drop by, drop in, slump, droop, mosey.
    * empezar a caer en picado = hit + the skids, be on the skids.
    * hacer caer = oust.
    * maná caído del cielo = manna from heaven.
    * no caer bien = not take + kindly to, not take + kindly to.
    * no caer en buenas manos = fall into + the wrong hands.
    * noche + caer = night + fall.
    * no tener donde caerse muerto = not have two pennies to rub together.
    * palabras + caer en + saco roto = words + fall on + deaf ears.
    * precio + caer = price + fall.
    * recesión + caer en = recession + set in.
    * salir y caer = fall out (of).
    * sistema + caerse = system + crash.
    * telón + caer = curtain + fall.
    * trabajar hasta caer muerto = work + Reflexivo + to the ground, work + Reflexivo + to death.
    * volver a caer (en) = relapse (into).

    * * *
    caer [ E16 ]
    ■ caer (verbo intransitivo)
    A de una altura
    B caer: chaparrón, nevada
    C
    1 caer: cortinas, falda
    2 caer: terreno
    D
    1 incurrir
    2 en un engaño, un timo
    E entender, darse cuenta
    F
    1 en un estado
    2 caer en un vicio
    G
    1 caer: gobierno, plaza etc
    2 perder el cargo
    3 caer: soldado
    4 caer: fugitivo
    5 caer enfermo
    H
    1 caer: desgracia, maldición etc
    2 caer: tarde, noche
    I tocar en suerte
    J
    1 sentarle mal
    2 en cuestiones de gusto
    K
    1 presentarse, aparecer
    2 caer sobre alguien
    L
    1 estar comprendido
    2 caer: cumpleaños etc
    3 estar situado
    M caer: precios etc
    N aportar dinero
    O caer: llamada
    ■ caerse (verbo pronominal)
    A
    1 de una altura
    2 caerse + me/te/le etc
    B desprenderse
    C equivocarse
    D contribuir
    vi
    caí mal y me rompí una pierna I fell badly o awkwardly and broke my leg
    tropezó y cayó cuan largo era he tripped and fell flat on his face
    cayó de espaldas/de bruces she fell flat on her back/face
    cayeron de rodillas y le pidieron perdón they fell o dropped to their knees and begged for forgiveness
    cayó el telón the curtain came down o fell
    la pelota cayó en el pozo the ball fell o dropped into the well
    el coche cayó por un precipicio the car went over a cliff
    cayó muerto allí mismo he dropped down dead on the spot
    se dejó caer en el sillón she flopped into the armchair
    se dejó caer desde el borde del precipicio he jumped off from the edge of the cliff
    el avión cayó en picada or ( Esp) en picado the plane nosedived
    el helicóptero cayó en el mar the helicopter came down o crashed in the sea
    le caían lágrimas de los ojos tears fell from her eyes o rolled down her cheeks
    caer parado ( AmL) (literal) to land on one's feet; (tener suerte) to fall o land on one's feet
    dejar caer algo ‹objeto› to drop;
    ‹noticia› to let drop o fall
    lo dejó caer así, como quien no quiere la cosa she just slipped it into the conversation, she just let it drop in passing
    B
    «chaparrón/nevada»: cayó una helada there was a frost
    cayó una fuerte nevada it snowed heavily
    empezó a caer granizo it began to hail
    cayeron unas pocas gotas there were a few drops of rain
    el rayo cayó muy cerca de aquí the lightning struck very near here
    C
    1 «cortinas/falda» (colgar, pender) to hang
    con un poco de almidón la tela cae mejor a little starch makes the fabric hang better
    el pelo le caía suelto hasta la cintura her hair hung down to her waist
    2 «terreno» to drop, fall
    el terreno cae en pendiente hacia el río the land falls away o slopes down toward(s) the river
    D
    1 (incurrir) caer EN algo:
    no caigas en el error de decírselo don't make the mistake of telling him
    no nos dejes caer en la tentación lead us not into temptation
    cayó en la tentación de leer la carta she succumbed to the temptation to read the letter
    la obra por momentos cae en lo ridículo at times the play lapses into the ridiculous
    esos chistes ya caen en lo chabacano those jokes can only be described as vulgar
    caer muy bajo to stoop very low
    venderse así es caer muy bajo I wouldn't stoop so low as to sell myself like that
    ¡qué bajo has caído! you've sunk pretty low!, how low can you get!, that's stooping pretty low!
    2
    (en un engaño, un timo): a todos nos hizo el mismo cuento y todos caímos he told us all the same story and we all fell for it
    ¿cómo pudiste caer en semejante trampa? how could you be taken in by o fall for a trick like that?
    caer como chinos or angelitos ( fam): todos cayeron como chinos or angelitos they swallowed it hook, line and sinker
    E ( fam)
    (entender, darse cuenta): ¡ah, ya caigo! oh, now I get it! ( colloq)
    cuenta1 f G. (↑ cuenta (1))
    F
    1
    (en un estado): caer en desuso «palabra» to fall into disuse;
    «costumbre» to die out
    caer en el olvido to sink into oblivion
    desgracia f A. (↑ desgracia)
    2
    caer en un vicio to get into a bad habit
    caer en el alcohol to take to drink
    caer en la droga to start taking drugs
    G
    1 «gobierno/ciudad/plaza» to fall
    la capital había caído en poder del enemigo the capital had fallen into enemy hands
    ¡que no vaya a caer en manos del profesor! don't let the teacher get hold of it!, don't let it fall into the teacher's hands!
    2 (perder el cargo) to lose one's job
    cayó por disentir con ellos he lost his job o ( colloq) came to grief because he disagreed with them
    vamos a continuar con la investigación, caiga quien caiga we are going to continue with the investigation, however many heads have to roll
    3 «soldado» (morir) to fall, die
    4 «fugitivo» (ser apresado) to be caught
    han caído los cabecillas de la pandilla the gang leaders have been caught
    5
    caer enfermo to fall ill, be taken ill
    cayó en cama he took to his bed
    yo también caí con gripe I went o came down with flu as well
    H
    1 «desgracia/maldición»: caer SOBRE algn; to befall sb ( frmlor liter)
    la tragedia que ha caído sobre nuestro pueblo the tragedy that has befallen our nation
    2
    al caer la tarde/la noche at sunset o dusk/nightfall
    antes de que caiga la noche before it gets dark o before nightfall
    I ( fam)
    (tocar en suerte): le cayó una pregunta muy difícil he got a really difficult question
    ¡te va a caer una bofetada! you're going to get a smack!
    le cayeron tres años (de cárcel) he got three years (in jail)
    ¿cuántas (asignaturas) te han caído este año? ( Esp); how many subjects have you failed this year?
    el gordo ha caído en Bilbao the jackpot has been won in Bilbao
    J (+ compl)
    1
    (sentar): el pescado me cayó mal the fish didn't agree with me
    le cayó muy mal que no la invitaran she wasn't invited and she took it very badly, she was very upset at o about not being invited
    la noticia me cayó como un balde or jarro de agua fría the news came as a real shock
    2
    (en cuestiones de gusto): tu primo me cae muy bien or muy simpático I really like your cousin
    no lo soporto, me cae de gordo/de mal … ( fam); I can't stand him, he's a real pain ( colloq)
    K
    1 ( fam) (presentarse, aparecer) to show up, turn up ( BrE)
    no podías haber caído en mejor momento you couldn't have turned up o come at a better time
    de vez en cuando cae or se deja caer por aquí she drops by o in now and then
    no podemos caerles así, de improviso we can't just show o turn up on their doorstep without any warning
    estar al caer: los invitados están al caer the guests will be here any minute o moment (now)
    2 (abalanzarse) caer SOBRE algn to fall upon o on sb
    tres enmascarados cayeron sobre él three masked men pounced on him o fell on him o set upon him
    cayeron sobre el enemigo a medianoche they fell on o ( frml) descended on the enemy at midnight
    caerle a algn ( Per fam); to score with sb, to get off with sb ( BrE colloq)
    caerle encima a algn ( fam); to pounce o leap on sb
    L
    1 (estar comprendido) caer DENTRO DE algo:
    ese barrio no cae dentro de nuestra jurisdicción that area doesn't come under o fall within our jurisdiction
    su caso no cae dentro de mi competencia his case falls outside the scope of my powers ( frml)
    eso cae dentro de sus obligaciones that's part of her job, that's one of her duties
    cae de lleno dentro de la corriente posmodernista it fits squarely within the postmodernist style
    2 «cumpleaños/festividad» to fall
    el 20 de febrero cae en (un) domingo February 20 falls on a Sunday o is a Sunday
    ¿el 27 (en) qué día cae or en qué cae? what day's the 27th?
    ¿eso por dónde cae? whereabouts is that?
    M «precios/temperatura» (bajar) to fall, drop
    el dólar ha caído en el mercado internacional the dollar has fallen on the international market
    N ( Ven) (aportar dinero) ( fam) to chip in ( colloq)
    O
    ( Ven fam) «llamada»: la llamada no me cayó I couldn't get through
    ■ caerse
    A
    1 (de una altura) to fall; (de la posición vertical) to fall, fall over
    bájate de ahí, te vas a caer come down from there, you'll fall
    tropecé y casi me caigo I tripped and nearly fell (over)
    casi me caigo al agua I nearly fell in o into the water
    me caí por las escaleras I fell down the stairs
    se cayó del caballo he fell off his horse
    se cayó de la cama she fell out of bed
    se cayó redondo ( fam); he collapsed in a heap
    está que se cae de cansancio ( fam); she's dead on her feet ( colloq), she's ready to drop ( colloq)
    se cayó y se rompió it fell and smashed
    2 (+ me/te/le etc):
    oiga, se le ha caído un guante excuse me, you've dropped your glove
    se me cayó de las manos it slipped out of my hands
    ten cuidado, no se te vaya a caer be careful, don't drop it
    por poco se me cae el armario encima the wardrobe nearly fell on top of me
    se me están cayendo las medias my stockings are falling down
    caerse con algn ( Col fam); to go down in sb's estimation
    estoy caída con ella I'm in her bad books ( colloq)
    ¡me caigo y no me levanto! ( fam euf) (expresando sorpresa) well, I'll be darned o ( BrE) blowed! ( colloq), good heavens! ( colloq) (expresando irritación) I don't believe it!
    no tener donde caerse muerto ( fam): no tiene donde caerse muerto he hasn't got a penny to his name
    B (desprenderse) «diente» to fall out; «hojas» to fall off; «botón» to come off, fall off
    se le cayó un diente one of her teeth fell out
    se le ha empezado a caer el pelo he's started to lose his hair o go bald
    la ropa se le caía a pedazos de vieja her clothes were so old they were falling to pieces o falling apart
    C ( Chi fam) (equivocarse) to goof ( AmE colloq), to boob ( BrE colloq)
    D
    ( Méx fam) (contribuir) caerse CON algo: me caí con la lana I chipped in ( colloq)
    * * *

     

    caer ( conjugate caer) verbo intransitivo
    1 ( de una altura) to fall;
    ( de posición vertical) to fall over;

    cayó muerto allí mismo he dropped down dead on the spot;
    cayó en el mar it came down in the sea;
    caer parado (AmL) to land on one's feet;
    dejar caer algo ‹objeto/indirecta› to drop sth.;
    dejó caer la noticia que … she let drop the news that …
    2
    a) [chaparrón/nevada]:


    cayó una fuerte nevada it snowed heavily;
    el rayo cayó cerca the lightning struck nearby
    b) [ noche] to fall;

    ◊ al caer la tarde/noche at sunset o dusk/nightfall

    3
    a) ( pender) [cortinas/falda] to hang



    4 (en error, trampa):

    todos caímos (en la trampa) we all fell for it;
    cayó en la tentación de mirar she succumbed to the temptation to look;
    caer muy bajo to stoop very low
    5 (fam) (entender, darse cuenta):
    ◊ ¡ah, ya caigo! ( ya entiendo) oh, now I get it! (colloq);


    ( ya recuerdo) oh, now I remember;
    ◊ no caigo I'm not sure what (o who etc) you mean;

    no caí en que tú no tenías llave I didn't realize o (fam) I didn't click that you didn't have keys
    6 ( en un estado):

    caer enfermo to fall ill
    7 [gobierno/ciudad] to fall;
    [ soldado] ( morir) to fall, die
    8 [precios/temperatura] to fall, drop
    9
    a) ( sentar):


    le cayó muy mal que no la invitaran she was very upset about not being invited
    b) [ persona]:


    me cae muy mal (fam) I can't stand him (colloq);
    ¿qué tal te cayó? what did you think of him?
    [cumpleaños/festividad] to fall on;
    ◊ ¿el 27 en qué (día) cae? what day's the 27th?

    caerse verbo pronominal

    ( de posición vertical) to fall, to fall over;

    caerse del caballo/de la cama to fall off one's horse/out of bed;
    está que se cae de cansancio (fam) she's dead on her feet (colloq)
    b) caérsele algo a algn:

    ◊ oiga, se le cayó un guante excuse me, you dropped your glove;

    no se te vaya a caer don't drop it;
    se me cayó de las manos it slipped out of my hands;
    se me están cayendo las medias my stockings are falling down

    [ hojas] to fall off;
    [ botón] to come off, fall off;

    caer verbo intransitivo
    1 to fall
    caer desde lo alto, to fall from the top
    caer por la ventana, to fall out of the window
    caer por las escaleras, to fall down the stairs
    2 (captar) to understand, see: no caí, I didn't twig
    US I didn't realize it
    ya caigo, ¡qué tontería!, I get it ¡it's easy!
    3 (estar situado) to be: eso cae por aquí cerca, it is somewhere near here
    4 (tener lugar) to be: ¿cuándo cae este año la Semana Santa?, when is Easter this year?
    5 (causar buena o mala impresión) le cae bien/mal, he likes/doesn't like her
    parece que el muchacho le cayó en gracia, it seems that he likes the boy
    6 (en una situación) caer enfermo, to fall ill
    caer en desgracia, to fall out of favour
    7 (ir a parar) cayó en las garras del enemigo, she fell into the clutches of the enemy
    fuimos a caer en una pensión de mala muerte, we turned up in the guesthouse from hell
    ♦ Locuciones: caer (muy) bajo, to sink (very) low
    dejar caer, (un objeto, una indirecta) to drop
    dejarse caer por, to drop by
    estar al caer, (a punto de llegar) he'll arrive any minute now
    (a punto de ocurrir) it's on the way
    al caer el día, in the evening
    al caer la noche, at nightfall
    ' caer' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abatimiento
    - abatirse
    - al
    - anillo
    - burra
    - burro
    - chinche
    - combatir
    - cuenta
    - dejarse
    - derrumbar
    - derrumbarse
    - descolgar
    - desgracia
    - desmayada
    - desmayado
    - despatarrarse
    - desuso
    - estar
    - gorda
    - gordo
    - lazada
    - pelo
    - picada
    - picado
    - plomo
    - pura
    - puro
    - red
    - redonda
    - redondo
    - resbalar
    - tirar
    - tirarse
    - Tiro
    - trampa
    - tumbar
    - ubicarse
    - verter
    - balde
    - bomba
    - caiga
    - cama
    - cayera
    - dejar
    - enfermar
    - ir
    - largar
    - muerto
    - olvido
    English:
    bear down on
    - clutch
    - come down
    - deaf
    - die out
    - disgrace
    - disrepute
    - down
    - drop
    - fall
    - favor
    - favour
    - flat
    - flop
    - freeze
    - intimate
    - keel over
    - land
    - lapse
    - oblivion
    - plummet
    - push over
    - rub up
    - shake down
    - sharply
    - sink
    - slump
    - snare
    - steeply
    - strike
    - tailspin
    - twig
    - walk into
    - wise
    - beat
    - blow
    - cascade
    - catch
    - come
    - crash
    - die
    - go
    - hang
    - keel
    - knock
    - nose
    - plunge
    - realize
    - shower
    - splash
    * * *
    ♦ vi
    1. [hacia abajo] to fall;
    cuando caen las hojas when the leaves fall;
    caer de un tejado/árbol to fall from a roof/tree;
    caer en un pozo to fall into a well;
    el avión cayó al mar the plane crashed into the sea;
    tropezó y cayó al suelo she tripped and fell (over o down);
    cayó en brazos de su madre she fell into her mother's arms;
    cayó por la ventana a la calle he fell out of the window into the street;
    cayó de bruces/de cabeza she fell flat on her face/headlong;
    cayó redondo he slumped to the ground, he collapsed in a heap;
    cayó rodando por la escalera she fell down the stairs;
    dejar caer algo [objeto] to drop sth;
    dejar caer que… [comentar] to let drop that…;
    dejó caer la noticia de su renuncia como si no tuviera importancia she casually mentioned the fact that she was resigning as if it were a matter of no importance;
    hacer caer algo to knock sth down, to make sth fall
    2. [lluvia, nieve] to fall;
    caerá nieve por encima de los 1.000 metros snow is expected in areas over 1,000 metres;
    cayeron cuatro gotas there were a few spots of rain;
    cayó una helada there was a frost;
    está cayendo un diluvio it's pouring down;
    Fam
    está cayendo una buena it's pouring down, Br it's chucking it down;
    cayó un rayo a pocos metros del edificio a bolt of lightning struck only a few metres from the building
    3. [sol] to go down, to set;
    al caer el día o [m5] la tarde at dusk;
    al caer el sol at sunset;
    la noche cayó antes de que llegaran al refugio night fell before they reached the shelter
    4. [colgar] to fall, to hang down;
    el cabello le caía sobre los hombros her hair hung down to o fell over her shoulders
    5. [ciudad, gobierno] to fall;
    el aeropuerto cayó en poder de los insurgentes the airport fell to the rebels, the airport was taken by the rebels;
    el Imperio Romano cayó en el siglo V the Roman Empire fell in the 5th century;
    el escándalo hizo caer al Primer Ministro the scandal brought the Prime Minister down;
    han caído los líderes del comando terrorista the leaders of the terrorist unit have been captured
    6. [morir] [soldado] to fall, to be killed;
    caer como moscas to drop like flies
    7. [decrecer] [interés] to decrease, to subside;
    [precio] to fall, to go down;
    ha caído bastante el interés por estos temas interest in these subjects has fallen away o subsided quite a lot;
    ha caído el precio del café the price of coffee has gone down o fallen;
    los precios cayeron súbitamente prices fell suddenly;
    la libra ha caído frente al euro the pound has fallen o dropped against the euro
    8. [incurrir]
    siempre cae en los mismos errores she always makes the same mistakes;
    Rel
    no nos dejes caer en la tentación lead us not into temptation;
    tu actitud cae en lo patético your attitude is nothing less than pathetic;
    no debemos caer en la provocación we shouldn't allow ourselves to be provoked
    9. [darse cuenta]
    no dije nada porque no caí I didn't say anything because it didn't occur to me to do so;
    caer (en algo) [recordar] to be able to remember (sth);
    ¡ahora caigo! [lo entiendo] I see it now!;
    [lo recuerdo] now I remember!;
    ahora caigo en lo que dices now I see what you are saying;
    Esp
    no caigo I give up, I don't know;
    caer en la cuenta to realize, to understand;
    cuando cayó en la cuenta del error, intentó subsanarlo when she realized her mistake, she tried to correct it
    10. [picar] [en broma] to fall for it;
    me gastaron una broma, pero no caí they played a trick on me, but I didn't fall for it;
    caer en una trampa to fall into a trap
    11. [tocar, ir a parar a]
    me cayó el premio I won the prize;
    nos cayó la mala suerte we had bad luck;
    me cayó el tema que mejor me sabía I got a question on the subject I knew best;
    le cayeron dos años (de cárcel) he got two years (in jail);
    la desgracia cayó sobre él he was overtaken by misfortune;
    ¿cómo me ha podido caer a mí un trabajo así? how did I end up getting a job like this?;
    procura que el informe no caiga en sus manos try to avoid the report falling into her hands
    12. [coincidir] [fecha]
    caer en to fall on;
    cae en domingo it falls on a Sunday;
    ¿en qué día cae Navidad este año? what day (of the week) is Christmas this year?
    13. Esp [estar, quedar]
    cae cerca de aquí it's not far from here;
    ¿por dónde cae la oficina de turismo? where's o whereabouts is the tourist information centre?;
    los baños caen a la izquierda the toilets are on the left;
    cae en el segundo capítulo it's in the second chapter;
    eso cae fuera de mis competencias that is o falls outside my remit
    14. [en situación]
    caer enfermo to fall ill, to be taken ill;
    cayó en cama he took to his bed;
    caer en desuso to fall into disuse;
    caer en el olvido to fall into oblivion;
    caer en la desesperación to fall into despair;
    caer en desgracia to fall into disgrace
    15. [sentar]
    caer bien/mal [comentario, noticia] to go down well/badly;
    su comentario no cayó nada bien her comment didn't go down well;
    caer bien/mal a alguien [comida, bebida] to agree/disagree with sb;
    Esp [ropa] to suit/not to suit sb; Esp
    los pantalones ajustados no te caen nada bien tight trousers don't suit you at all;
    caer como un jarro de agua fría to come as a real shock
    16. [causar una impresión]
    me cae bien I like him, he seems nice;
    me cae mal I can't stand him;
    tu hermano me cae muy mal I can't stand your brother;
    me cayó mal I didn't like him at all;
    cae mal a todo el mundo he doesn't get on with anyone;
    Fam
    tu jefe me cae gordo I can't stand your boss
    17. [abalanzarse]
    caer sobre to fall o descend upon;
    caer sobre alguien [ladrón] to pounce o fall upon sb;
    cayeron sobre la ciudad para saquearla they fell upon the city and pillaged it
    18. Esp Fam [en examen] to fail;
    la mitad de la clase cayó en el primer examen half the class failed the first exam;
    ¿cuántas te han caído? how many did you fail?
    19. Fam [decaer] to go downhill;
    el equipo ha caído mucho en el último mes the team has gone seriously off the boil over the last month
    20. Com [pago] to fall due
    21. Am [visitar] to drop in
    22. Comp
    caer (muy) bajo to sink (very) low;
    parece mentira que hayas caído tan bajo I can hardly believe that you would sink so low;
    ¡qué bajo has caído! I never thought you'd sink so low!;
    caer por su propio peso to be self-evident;
    todos mis consejos cayeron en saco roto all my advice fell on deaf ears;
    dejarse caer por casa de alguien to drop by sb's house;
    estar al caer to be about to arrive;
    ya son las cinco, así que deben de estar al caer it's five o'clock, so they should be arriving any minute now;
    el anuncio debe de estar al caer the announcement should be made any minute now;
    se proseguirá con la investigación caiga quien caiga the investigation will proceed no matter who might be implicated o even if it means that heads will roll;
    RP Fam
    caer parado to fall on one's feet
    * * *
    I v/i
    1 fall;
    caer sobre fall on;
    dejar caer algo drop sth;
    caer enfermo fall ill;
    caer en lunes fall on a Monday;
    al caer la noche at sunset o nightfall;
    caiga quien caiga no matter whose head has to roll;
    caer muy bajo fig stoop very low;
    dejarse caer fam flop down
    2
    :
    me cae bien/mal fig I like/don’t like him
    3 de un lugar
    :
    cae cerca it’s not far;
    ¿por dónde cae este pueblo? whereabouts is this village?
    4
    :
    estar al caer be about to arrive;
    ¡ahora caigo! fig now I get it!
    * * *
    caer {13} vi
    1) : to fall, to drop
    2) : to collapse
    3) : to hang (down)
    4)
    caer bien fam : to be pleasant, to be likeable
    me caes bien: I like you
    5)
    caer gordo fam : to be unpleasant, to be unlikeable
    * * *
    caer vb
    1. (en general) to fall [pt. fell; pp. fallen]
    2. (fecha) to be / to fall
    este año, mi cumpleaños cae en martes my birthday is on a Tuesday this year
    3. (entender) to get something
    caer desmayado to faint / to collapse
    dejar caer to drop [pt. & pp. dropped]
    estar al caer to be almost here / to be about to arrive

    Spanish-English dictionary > caer

  • 33 DDR

    f; -; Abk., HIST. ( Deutsche Demokratische Republik) GDR (= German Democratic Republic), East Germany umg.
    * * *
    die DDR
    (Abk.: Deutsche Demokratische Republik) German Democratic Republic; GDR
    * * *
    I DDR is the abbreviated name of the former East Germany (Deutsche Demokratische Republik). The DDR was created in 1949 out of the Soviet-occupied zone of Germany and evolved into a Warsaw Pact state. Its economy, government and society were closely based on those of the Soviet Union. In 1961 the DDR cut itself off even further from West Germany and the West in general with the construction of the Berlin Wall. By the end of the 1980s increasing numbers of civil rights groups were protesting against its harsh regime, and demanding reforms. The huge pressure exerted by this "velvet revolution" brought about the collapse of the economically weak socialist system in the autumn of 1989. On October 3rd 1990 Germany was re-unified and the DDR became part of the Bundesrepublik Deutschland. See: → BRD II [deːdeː'|ɛr]
    f - (HIST) abbr
    GDR, German Democratic Republic, East Germany
    * * *
    <->
    [de:de:ˈʔɛr]
    ▪ die \DDR East Germany, the GDR, the German Democratic Republic form
    die ehemalige \DDR [the] former East Germany
    * * *
    die; DDR Abkürzung (1949-1990) = Deutsche Demokratische Republik GDR; East Germany (in popular use)
    * * *
    DDR f; -; abk, HIST (Deutsche Demokratische Republik) GDR (= German Democratic Republic), East Germany umg
    A. adj
    1. German;
    deutsch reden talk (in) German; umg, fig not mince matters ( oder one’s words), tell it like it is;
    jetzt reden wir mal deutsch miteinander umg, fig it’s about time we had a word (with each other);
    deutsch sprechend German speaking;
    der deutsche Michel the simple honest German;
    deutsche Schrift German ( oder Sütterlin) script;
    die deutsche Schweiz German-speaking Switzerland
    Deutsche Bahn (abk DB) German Rail;
    Deutsche Bucht GEOG the German Bight;
    Deutscher Bund HIST German Confederation;
    Deutsche Demokratische Republik (abk DDR) HIST German Democratic Republic;
    Deutsche Lebens-Rettungs-Gesellschaft (abk DLRG) German Life Saving Society;
    Deutsche Mark (abk DM) HIST the (German) Mark, the Deutschmark;
    Deutsches Reich HIST the German Reich ( oder Empire)
    B. adv:
    deutsch gesinnt sein think of o.s. as (a) German, feel a kinship with Germans
    * * *
    die; DDR Abkürzung (1949-1990) = Deutsche Demokratische Republik GDR; East Germany (in popular use)

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > DDR

  • 34 Economy

       Portugal's economy, under the influence of the European Economic Community (EEC), and later with the assistance of the European Union (EU), grew rapidly in 1985-86; through 1992, the average annual growth was 4-5 percent. While such growth rates did not last into the late 1990s, portions of Portugal's society achieved unprecedented prosperity, although poverty remained entrenched. It is important, however, to place this current growth, which includes some not altogether desirable developments, in historical perspective. On at least three occasions in this century, Portugal's economy has experienced severe dislocation and instability: during the turbulent First Republic (1911-25); during the Estado Novo, when the world Depression came into play (1930-39); and during the aftermath of the Revolution of 25 April, 1974. At other periods, and even during the Estado Novo, there were eras of relatively steady growth and development, despite the fact that Portugal's weak economy lagged behind industrialized Western Europe's economies, perhaps more than Prime Minister Antônio de Oliveira Salazar wished to admit to the public or to foreigners.
       For a number of reasons, Portugal's backward economy underwent considerable growth and development following the beginning of the colonial wars in Africa in early 1961. Recent research findings suggest that, contrary to the "stagnation thesis" that states that the Estado Novo economy during the last 14 years of its existence experienced little or no growth, there were important changes, policy shifts, structural evolution, and impressive growth rates. In fact, the average annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate (1961-74) was about 7 percent. The war in Africa was one significant factor in the post-1961 economic changes. The new costs of finance and spending on the military and police actions in the African and Asian empires in 1961 and thereafter forced changes in economic policy.
       Starting in 1963-64, the relatively closed economy was opened up to foreign investment, and Lisbon began to use deficit financing and more borrowing at home and abroad. Increased foreign investment, residence, and technical and military assistance also had effects on economic growth and development. Salazar's government moved toward greater trade and integration with various international bodies by signing agreements with the European Free Trade Association and several international finance groups. New multinational corporations began to operate in the country, along with foreign-based banks. Meanwhile, foreign tourism increased massively from the early 1960s on, and the tourism industry experienced unprecedented expansion. By 1973-74, Portugal received more than 8 million tourists annually for the first time.
       Under Prime Minister Marcello Caetano, other important economic changes occurred. High annual economic growth rates continued until the world energy crisis inflation and a recession hit Portugal in 1973. Caetano's system, through new development plans, modernized aspects of the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors and linked reform in education with plans for social change. It also introduced cadres of forward-looking technocrats at various levels. The general motto of Caetano's version of the Estado Novo was "Evolution with Continuity," but he was unable to solve the key problems, which were more political and social than economic. As the boom period went "bust" in 1973-74, and growth slowed greatly, it became clear that Caetano and his governing circle had no way out of the African wars and could find no easy compromise solution to the need to democratize Portugal's restive society. The economic background of the Revolution of 25 April 1974 was a severe energy shortage caused by the world energy crisis and Arab oil boycott, as well as high general inflation, increasing debts from the African wars, and a weakening currency. While the regime prescribed greater Portuguese investment in Africa, in fact Portuguese businesses were increasingly investing outside of the escudo area in Western Europe and the United States.
       During the two years of political and social turmoil following the Revolution of 25 April 1974, the economy weakened. Production, income, reserves, and annual growth fell drastically during 1974-76. Amidst labor-management conflict, there was a burst of strikes, and income and productivity plummeted. Ironically, one factor that cushioned the economic impact of the revolution was the significant gold reserve supply that the Estado Novo had accumulated, principally during Salazar's years. Another factor was emigration from Portugal and the former colonies in Africa, which to a degree reduced pressures for employment. The sudden infusion of more than 600,000 refugees from Africa did increase the unemployment rate, which in 1975 was 10-15 percent. But, by 1990, the unemployment rate was down to about 5-6 percent.
       After 1985, Portugal's economy experienced high growth rates again, which averaged 4-5 percent through 1992. Substantial economic assistance from the EEC and individual countries such as the United States, as well as the political stability and administrative continuity that derived from majority Social Democratic Party (PSD) governments starting in mid-1987, supported new growth and development in the EEC's second poorest country. With rapid infrastruc-tural change and some unregulated development, Portugal's leaders harbored a justifiable concern that a fragile environment and ecology were under new, unacceptable pressures. Among other improvements in the standard of living since 1974 was an increase in per capita income. By 1991, the average minimum monthly wage was about 40,000 escudos, and per capita income was about $5,000 per annum. By the end of the 20th century, despite continuing poverty at several levels in Portugal, Portugal's economy had made significant progress. In the space of 15 years, Portugal had halved the large gap in living standards between itself and the remainder of the EU. For example, when Portugal joined the EU in 1986, its GDP, in terms of purchasing power-parity, was only 53 percent of the EU average. By 2000, Portugal's GDP had reached 75 percent of the EU average, a considerable achievement. Whether Portugal could narrow this gap even further in a reasonable amount of time remained a sensitive question in Lisbon. Besides structural poverty and the fact that, in 2006, the EU largesse in structural funds (loans and grants) virtually ceased, a major challenge for Portugal's economy will be to reduce the size of the public sector (about 50 percent of GDP is in the central government) to increase productivity, attract outside investment, and diversify the economy. For Portugal's economic planners, the 21st century promises to be challenging.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Economy

  • 35 Ethnic minorities

       Traditionally and for a half millennium, Portugal has been a country of emigration, but in recent decades it has become a country of net immigration. During Portugal's long period of overseas empire, beginning in the 15th century, there was always more emigration overseas than immigration to Portugal. There were, nevertheless, populations of natives of Africa, Asia, and the Americas who came to Portugal during the 1450-1975 era. Historians continue to debate the actual numbers of migrants of African descent to Portugal during this period, but records suggest that the resident African population in Portugal during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries was a minority of some consequence but not as large as previously imagined.
       After the wars of independence in Africa began in 1961, and after India conquered and annexed former Portuguese Goa, Damão, and Diu in December of that year, Portugal began to receive more migrants from Asia and Africa than before. First came political refugees carrying Portuguese passports from former Portuguese India; these left India for Portugal in the early 1960s. But the larger numbers came from Portugal's former colonial territories in Africa, especially from Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea-Bissau; these sought refuge from civil wars and conflicts following the end of the colonial wars and independence from Portugal. While a considerable number of the refugee wave of 1975-76 from these territories were of African as well as Afro-European descent, larger numbers of African migrants began to arrive in the 1980s. A major impetus for their migration to Portugal was to escape civil wars in Angola and Mozambique.
       Another wave of migrants of European descent came beginning in the 1990s, primarily from Ukraine, Russia, Rumania, and Moldova. Following the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989, and the implosion of the Soviet Union, migrants from these countries arrived in Portugal in some number. At about the same time, there arrived migrants from Brazil and another former colony of Portugal, the isolated, poverty-stricken Cape Verde Islands. The largest number of foreign immigrants in Portugal continue to be the Brazilians and the Cape Verdeans, whose principal language is also Portuguese.
       Different ethnic migrant groups tended to work in certain occupations; for example, Brazilians were largely professional people, including dentists and technicians. Cape Verdeans, by and large, as well as numbers of other African migrants from former Portuguese African territories, worked in the construction industry or in restaurants and hotels. As of 2004, the non- European Union (EU) migrant population was over 374,000, while the EU migrant numbers were about 74,000.
       Of the foreign migrants from EU countries, the largest community was the British, with as many as 20,000 residents, with smaller numbers from France, Germany, Italy, and Spain. About 9,000 Americans reside in Portugal. Unlike many migrants from the non-EU countries noted above, who sought safety and a way to make a decent living, migrants from Europe and the United States include many who seek a comfortable retirement in Portugal, with its warm, sunny climate, fine cuisine, and security.
        1999 2004
       Brazil 20,851 Brazil 66,907
       Cape Verde Isl. Cape Verde Isl. 64,164
       Angola 17,721 Angola 35,264
       Guinea Bissau 25,148
       São Tomé 10,483
       Mozambique 5,472
       Ukraine 66,227
       Romania 12,155
       Moldova 13,689

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Ethnic minorities

  • 36 Salazar, Antônio de Oliveira

    (1889-1970)
       The Coimbra University professor of finance and economics and one of the founders of the Estado Novo, who came to dominate Western Europe's longest surviving authoritarian system. Salazar was born on 28 April 1889, in Vimieiro, Beira Alta province, the son of a peasant estate manager and a shopkeeper. Most of his first 39 years were spent as a student, and later as a teacher in a secondary school and a professor at Coimbra University's law school. Nine formative years were spent at Viseu's Catholic Seminary (1900-09), preparing for the Catholic priesthood, but the serious, studious Salazar decided to enter Coimbra University instead in 1910, the year the Braganza monarchy was overthrown and replaced by the First Republic. Salazar received some of the highest marks of his generation of students and, in 1918, was awarded a doctoral degree in finance and economics. Pleading inexperience, Salazar rejected an invitation in August 1918 to become finance minister in the "New Republic" government of President Sidónio Pais.
       As a celebrated academic who was deeply involved in Coimbra University politics, publishing works on the troubled finances of the besieged First Republic, and a leader of Catholic organizations, Sala-zar was not as modest, reclusive, or unknown as later official propaganda led the public to believe. In 1921, as a Catholic deputy, he briefly served in the First Republic's turbulent congress (parliament) but resigned shortly after witnessing but one stormy session. Salazar taught at Coimbra University as of 1916, and continued teaching until April 1928. When the military overthrew the First Republic in May 1926, Salazar was offered the Ministry of Finance and held office for several days. The ascetic academic, however, resigned his post when he discovered the degree of disorder in Lisbon's government and when his demands for budget authority were rejected.
       As the military dictatorship failed to reform finances in the following years, Salazar was reinvited to become minister of finances in April 1928. Since his conditions for acceptance—authority over all budget expenditures, among other powers—were accepted, Salazar entered the government. Using the Ministry of Finance as a power base, following several years of successful financial reforms, Salazar was named interim minister of colonies (1930) and soon garnered sufficient prestige and authority to become head of the entire government. In July 1932, Salazar was named prime minister, the first civilian to hold that post since the 1926 military coup.
       Salazar gathered around him a team of largely academic experts in the cabinet during the period 1930-33. His government featured several key policies: Portuguese nationalism, colonialism (rebuilding an empire in shambles), Catholicism, and conservative fiscal management. Salazar's government came to be called the Estado Novo. It went through three basic phases during Salazar's long tenure in office, and Salazar's role underwent changes as well. In the early years (1928-44), Salazar and the Estado Novo enjoyed greater vigor and popularity than later. During the middle years (1944—58), the regime's popularity waned, methods of repression increased and hardened, and Salazar grew more dogmatic in his policies and ways. During the late years (1958-68), the regime experienced its most serious colonial problems, ruling circles—including Salazar—aged and increasingly failed, and opposition burgeoned and grew bolder.
       Salazar's plans for stabilizing the economy and strengthening social and financial programs were shaken with the impact of the civil war (1936-39) in neighboring Spain. Salazar strongly supported General Francisco Franco's Nationalist rebels, the eventual victors in the war. But, as the civil war ended and World War II began in September 1939, Salazar's domestic plans had to be adjusted. As Salazar came to monopolize Lisbon's power and authority—indeed to embody the Estado Novo itself—during crises that threatened the future of the regime, he assumed ever more key cabinet posts. At various times between 1936 and 1944, he took over the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and of War (Defense), until the crises passed. At the end of the exhausting period of World War II, there were rumors that the former professor would resign from government and return to Coimbra University, but Salazar continued as the increasingly isolated, dominating "recluse of São Bento," that part of the parliament's buildings housing the prime minister's offices and residence.
       Salazar dominated the Estado Novo's government in several ways: in day-to-day governance, although this diminished as he delegated wider powers to others after 1944, and in long-range policy decisions, as well as in the spirit and image of the system. He also launched and dominated the single party, the União Nacional. A lifelong bachelor who had once stated that he could not leave for Lisbon because he had to care for his aged mother, Salazar never married, but lived with a beloved housekeeper from his Coimbra years and two adopted daughters. During his 36-year tenure as prime minister, Salazar engineered the important cabinet reshuffles that reflect the history of the Estado Novo and of Portugal.
       A number of times, in connection with significant events, Salazar decided on important cabinet officer changes: 11 April 1933 (the adoption of the Estado Novo's new 1933 Constitution); 18 January 1936 (the approach of civil war in Spain and the growing threat of international intervention in Iberian affairs during the unstable Second Spanish Republic of 1931-36); 4 September 1944 (the Allied invasion of Europe at Normandy and the increasing likelihood of a defeat of the Fascists by the Allies, which included the Soviet Union); 14 August 1958 (increased domestic dissent and opposition following the May-June 1958 presidential elections in which oppositionist and former regime stalwart-loyalist General Humberto Delgado garnered at least 25 percent of the national vote, but lost to regime candidate, Admiral Américo Tomás); 13 April 1961 (following the shock of anticolonial African insurgency in Portugal's colony of Angola in January-February 1961, the oppositionist hijacking of a Portuguese ocean liner off South America by Henrique Galvão, and an abortive military coup that failed to oust Salazar from office); and 19 August 1968 (the aging of key leaders in the government, including the now gravely ill Salazar, and the defection of key younger followers).
       In response to the 1961 crisis in Africa and to threats to Portuguese India from the Indian government, Salazar assumed the post of minister of defense (April 1961-December 1962). The failing leader, whose true state of health was kept from the public for as long as possible, appointed a group of younger cabinet officers in the 1960s, but no likely successors were groomed to take his place. Two of the older generation, Teotónio Pereira, who was in bad health, and Marcello Caetano, who preferred to remain at the University of Lisbon or in private law practice, remained in the political wilderness.
       As the colonial wars in three African territories grew more costly, Salazar became more isolated from reality. On 3 August 1968, while resting at his summer residence, the Fortress of São João do Estoril outside Lisbon, a deck chair collapsed beneath Salazar and his head struck the hard floor. Some weeks later, as a result, Salazar was incapacitated by a stroke and cerebral hemorrhage, was hospitalized, and became an invalid. While hesitating to fill the power vacuum that had unexpectedly appeared, President Tomás finally replaced Salazar as prime minister on 27 September 1968, with his former protégé and colleague, Marcello Caetano. Salazar was not informed that he no longer headed the government, but he never recovered his health. On 27 July 1970, Salazar died in Lisbon and was buried at Santa Comba Dão, Vimieiro, his village and place of birth.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Salazar, Antônio de Oliveira

  • 37 Cobham, Sir Alan John

    SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace
    [br]
    b. 6 May 1894 London, England
    d. 21 October 1973 British Virgin Islands
    [br]
    English pilot who pioneered worldwide air routes and developed an in-flight refuelling system which is in use today.
    [br]
    Alan Cobham was a man of many parts. He started as a veterinary assistant in France during the First World War, but transferred to the Royal Flying Corps in 1917. After the war he continued flying, by giving joy-rides and doing aerial photography work. In 1921 he joined the De Havilland Aircraft Company (see de Havilland, Geoffrey) as a test and charter pilot; he was also successful in a number of air races. During the 1920s Cobham made many notable flights to distant parts of the British Empire, pioneering possible routes for airline operations. During the early 1930s Sir Alan (he was knighted in 1926) devoted his attention to generating a public interest in aviation and to campaigning for more airfields. Cobham's Flying Circus toured the country giving flying displays and joy-rides, which for thousands of people was their first experience of flying.
    In 1933 Cobham planned a non-stop flight to India by refuelling his aircraft while flying: this was not a new idea but the process was still experimental. The flight was unsuccessful due to a fault in his aircraft, unrelated to the in-flight refuelling system. The following year Flight Refuelling Ltd was founded, and by 1939 two Short flying boats were operating the first inflight-refuelled service across the Atlantic. Inflight refuelling was not required during the early years of the Second World War, so Cobham turned to other projects such as thermal de-icing of wings, and a scheme which was not carried out, for delivering fighters to the Middle East by towing them behind Wellington bombers.
    After the Second World War the fortunes of Flight Refuelling Ltd were at a low ebb, especially when British South American Airways abandoned the idea of using in-flight refuelling. Then an American contract and the use of their tanker aircraft to ferry oil during the Berlin Airlift saved the day. In 1949 Cobham's chief designer, Peter Macgregor, came up with an idea for refuelling fighters using a probe and drogue system. A large tanker aircraft trailed a hose with a conical drogue at the free end. The fighter pilot manoeuvred the probe, fitted to his aircraft, so that it locked into the drogue, enabling fuel to be transferred. Since the 1950s this system has become the effective world standard.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Knighted 1926. Air Force Cross 1926.
    Bibliography
    1978, A Time to Fly, ed. C.Derrick, London; pub. in paperback 1986 (Cobham's memoirs).
    Flight to the Cape and Back, 1926, London; Australia and Back, 1926, London;
    Twenty Thousand Miles in a Flying Boat, 1930, London.
    Further Reading
    Peter G.Proctor, 1975, "The life and work of Sir Alan Cobham", Aerospace (RAeS) (March).
    JDS

    Biographical history of technology > Cobham, Sir Alan John

  • 38 Sopwith, Sir Thomas (Tommy) Octave Murdoch

    SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace
    [br]
    b. 18 January 1888 London, England
    d. 27 January 1989 Stockbridge, Hampshire, England
    [br]
    English aeronautical engineer and industrialist.
    [br]
    Son of a successful mining engineer, Sopwith did not shine at school and, having been turned down by the Royal Navy as a result, attended an engineering college. His first interest was motor cars and, while still in his teens, he set up a business in London with a friend in order to sell them; he also took part in races and rallies.
    Sopwith's interest in aviation came initially through ballooning, and in 1906 he purchased his own balloon. Four years later, inspired by the recent flights across the Channel to France and after a joy-ride at Brooklands, he bought an Avis monoplane, followed by a larger biplane, and taught himself to fly. He was awarded the Royal Aero Society's Aviator Certificate No. 31 on 21 November 1910, and he quickly distinguished himself in flying competitions on both sides of the Atlantic and started his own flying school. In his races he was ably supported by his friend Fred Sigrist, a former motor engineer. Among the people Sopwith taught to fly were an Australian, Harry Hawker, and Major Hugh Trenchard, who later became the "father" of the RAF.
    In 1912, depressed by the poor quality of the aircraft on trial for the British Army, Sopwith, in conjunction with Hawker and Sigrist, bought a skating rink in Kingston-upon-Thames and, assisted by Fred Sigrist, started to design and build his first aircraft, the Sopwith Hybrid. He sold this to the Royal Navy in 1913, and the following year his aviation manufacturing company became the Sopwith Aviation Company Ltd. That year a seaplane version of his Sopwith Tabloid won the Schneider Trophy in the second running of this speed competition. During 1914–18, Sopwith concentrated on producing fighters (or "scouts" as they were then called), with the Pup, the Camel, the 1½ Strutter, the Snipe and the Sopwith Triplane proving among the best in the war. He also pioneered several ideas to make flying easier for the pilot, and in 1915 he patented his adjustable tailplane and his 1 ½ Strutter was the first aircraft to be fitted with air brakes. During the four years of the First World War, Sopwith Aviation designed thirty-two different aircraft types and produced over 16,000 aircraft.
    The end of the First World War brought recession to the aircraft industry and in 1920 Sopwith, like many others, put his company into receivership; none the less, he immediately launched a new, smaller company with Hawker, Sigrist and V.W.Eyre, which they called the H.G. Hawker Engineering Company Ltd to avoid any confusion with the former company. He began by producing cars and motor cycles under licence, but was determined to resume aircraft production. He suffered an early blow with the death of Hawker in an air crash in 1921, but soon began supplying aircraft to the Royal Air Force again. In this he was much helped by taking on a new designer, Sydney Camm, in 1923, and during the next decade they produced a number of military aircraft types, of which the Hart light bomber and the Fury fighter, the first to exceed 200 mph (322 km/h), were the best known. In the mid-1930s Sopwith began to build a large aviation empire, acquiring first the Gloster Aircraft Company and then, in quick succession, Armstrong-Whitworth, Armstrong-Siddeley Motors Ltd and its aero-engine counterpart, and A.V.Roe, which produced Avro aircraft. Under the umbrella of the Hawker Siddeley Aircraft Company (set up in 1935) these companies produced a series of outstanding aircraft, ranging from the Hawker Hurricane, through the Avro Lancaster to the Gloster Meteor, Britain's first in-service jet aircraft, and the Hawker Typhoon, Tempest and Hunter. When Sopwith retired as Chairman of the Hawker Siddeley Group in 1963 at the age of 75, a prototype jump-jet (the P-1127) was being tested, later to become the Harrier, a for cry from the fragile biplanes of 1910.
    Sopwith also had a passion for yachting and came close to wresting the America's Cup from the USA in 1934 when sailing his yacht Endeavour, which incorporated a number of features years ahead of their time; his greatest regret was that he failed in his attempts to win this famous yachting trophy for Britain. After his retirement as Chairman of the Hawker Siddeley Group, he remained on the Board until 1978. The British aviation industry had been nationalized in April 1977, and Hawker Siddeley's aircraft interests merged with the British Aircraft Corporation to become British Aerospace (BAe). Nevertheless, by then the Group had built up a wide range of companies in the field of mechanical and electrical engineering, and its board conferred on Sopwith the title Founder and Life President.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Knighted 1953. CBE 1918.
    Bibliography
    1961, "My first ten years in aviation", Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (April) (a very informative and amusing paper).
    Further Reading
    A.Bramson, 1990, Pure Luck: The Authorized Biography of Sir Thomas Sopwith, 1888– 1989, Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens.
    B.Robertson, 1970, Sopwith. The Man and His Aircraft, London (a detailed publication giving plans of all the Sopwith aircraft).
    CM / JDS

    Biographical history of technology > Sopwith, Sir Thomas (Tommy) Octave Murdoch

  • 39 Ж-58

    HE НА ЖИЗНЬ (ЖИВОТо'), А НА СМЕРТЬ (НА СМЕРТЬ) lit PrepP Invar fixed WO
    1. биться, сражаться и т. п. \Ж-58 борьба, война и т. п. \Ж-58 ( adv (intensif, more often used with impfv verbs) or postmodif) (to struggle, fight) to an ultimate conclusion, ruthlessly, not sparing one's life
    fight to the death (to the bitter end)
    wage a life-and-death struggle (in limited contexts) fight (against) s.o. tooth and nail.
    В СССР сейчас во всем борются не на жизнь, а на смерть партия Памяти с партией Надежды, партия прошлого с партией будущего (Аллилуева 2). At present in the USSR there is a constant life-and-death struggle between the Party of Memory and the Party of Hope, the Party of the Past and the Party of the Future (2a).
    2. рассердиться, испугаться, перепугать кого и т. п. \Ж-58 ( adv (intensif)) (to get angry, get scared, frighten s.o. etc) to an extreme degree, very intensely: рассердиться - = fly into a wild (deadly) rage
    get furious
    испугаться \Ж-58 - get scared stiff (out of one's wits)
    get the life scared out of one
    перепугать кого \Ж-58 - scare s.o. stiff (out of s.o. wits)
    scare the life out of s.o.
    враждовать \Ж-58 = be sworn (mortal) enemies
    избить кого \Ж-58 - beat (thrash) s.o. within an inch of s.o. fc life
    ругать кого \Ж-58 - curse (chew) s.o. out
    curse s.o. for all one is worth.
    Автор чрезвычайно затрудняется, как назвать ему обеих дам таким образом, чтобы опять не рассердились на него... Назвать выдуманною фамилией опасно. Какое ни придумай имя, уж непременно найдется в каком-нибудь углу нашего государства... кто-нибудь носящий его и непременно рассердится не на живот, а на смерть, станет говорить, что автор нарочно приезжал секретно с тем, чтобы выведать веб, что он такое сам, и в каком тулупчике ходит... (Гоголь 3). The author is in a quandary how to name these two ladies without rousing anger... To invent names for them would be dangerous. However fictitious the name, there will always be someone in some out-of-the-way corner of our empire...who will lay some claim to it, fly into a deadly rage, and start proclaiming that the author had paid a secret visit with the express purpose of finding out who he was and what sort of sheepskin coat he wore... (3d).
    Сиделец говорил, что она, во-первых, ему не платит долг, во-вторых, разобидела его в собственной его лавке и, мало того, обещала исколотить его не на живот, а на смерть руками своих приверженцев (Герцен 1). The shopkeeper declared that, in the first place, she had not paid what she owed him, and, in the second, had insulted him in his own shop and, what was more, threatened that he should be thrashed within an inch of his life by her followers (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Ж-58

  • 40 не на живот, а на смерть

    • НЕ НА ЖИЗНЬ < ЖИВОТ ofe>, А НА СМЕРТЬ < НА СМЕРТЬ> lit
    [PrepP; Invar; fixed WOJ
    =====
    1. биться, сражаться и т.п. не на живот, а на смерть ; борьба, война и т.п. не на живот, а на смерть [adv (intensif, more often used with impfv verbs) or postmodif]
    ⇒ (to struggle, fight) to an ultimate conclusion, ruthlessly, not sparing one's life:
    - fight to the death < to the bitter end>;
    - [in limited contexts] fight (against) s.o. tooth and nail.
         ♦ В СССР сейчас во всем борются не на жизнь, а на смерть партия Памяти с партией Надежды, партия прошлого с партией будущего (Аллилуева 2). At present in the USSR there is a constant life-and-death struggle between the Party of Memory and the Party of Hope, the Party of the Past and the Party of the Future (2a).
    2. рассердиться, испугаться, перепугать кого и т.п. не на живот, а на смерть [adv (intensif)]
    ⇒ (to get angry, get scared, frighten s.o. etc) to an extreme degree, very intensely:
    - рассердиться≈ fly into a wild (deadly) rage;
    || испугатьсяне на живот, а на смерть ≈ get scared stiff < out of one's wits>;
    || перепугать когоне на живот, а на смерть ≈ scare s.o. stiff <out of s.o.'s wits>;
    - scare the life out of s.o.;
    || враждоватьне на живот, а на смерть ≈ be sworn (mortal) enemies;
    || избить когоне на живот, а на смерть ≈ beat (thrash) s.o. within an inch of s.o.'s life;
    || ругать когоне на живот, а на смерть ≈ curse (chew) s.o. out;
    - curse s.o. for all one is worth.
         ♦ Автор чрезвычайно затрудняется, как назвать ему обеих дам таким образом, чтобы опять не рассердились на него... Назвать выдуманною фамилией опасно. Какое ни придумай имя, уж непременно найдется в каком-нибудь углу нашего государства... кто-нибудь носящий его и непременно рассердится не на живот, а на смерть, станет говорить, что автор нарочно приезжал секретно с тем, чтобы выведать все, что он такое сам, и в каком тулупчике ходит... (Гоголь 3). The author is in a quandary how to name these two ladies without rousing anger....To invent names for them would be dangerous. However fictitious the name, there will always be someone in some out-of-the-way comer of our empire...who will lay some claim to it, fly into a deadly rage, and start proclaiming that the author had paid a secret visit with the express purpose of finding out who he was and what sort of sheepskin coat he wore... (3d).
         ♦ Сиделец говорил, что она, во-первых, ему не платит долг, во-вторых, разобидела его в собственной его лавке и, мало того, обещала исколотить его не на живот, а на смерть руками своих приверженцев (Герцен 1). The shopkeeper declared that, in the first place, she had not paid what she owed him, and, in the second, had insulted him in his own shop and, what was more, threatened that he should be thrashed within an inch of his life by her followers (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > не на живот, а на смерть

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