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41 защита посевов
защита посевов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
crop protection
The problem of crop protection has changed dramatically since 1945. There is now a whole arsenal of chemicals with which to combat agricultural pests and diseases, but this development has itself many drawbacks. Such sophisticated techniques are available only to a minority of farmers; in most parts of the world the standard of crop protection remains abysmally low. In addition, modern crop protection methods have been criticized for relying too heavily on chemical control. Biological controls, both natural and contrived, have been neglected. In some cases involving misuse of agricultural chemicals, crops must be protected from the very measures intended for their protection. Meanwhile previously localized pests and diseases continue to spread worldwide. (Source: WPR)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > защита посевов
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42 кислотные осадки
кислотные осадки
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
acid deposition
A type of pollution which washes out of the atmosphere as dilute sulphuric and nitric acids. It tends to be a regional rather than a global phenomenon, linked to particular industrial activities and meteorological conditions. It includes rain, more than normally acidic snow, mist, sleet, fog, gas and dry particles. It upsets the balance of nature, disrupting ecosystems, and destroys forests and woodlands, plants and crops; kills aquatic life by altering the chemical balance of lakes and rivers and corrodes building materials and fabrics. The pollutants are caused principally by discharges from power station chimneys of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released by burning fossil fuels, coal and oil. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > кислотные осадки
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43 MIQUI
miqui > mic.*\MIQUI v.i., mourir, s'évanouir." in âtlân miquih ", ceux qui meurent dans l'eau.Sont destinés au Tlalocan. Sah3,47 = Launey II 296." in mihtoa mocihuâquetza, in ihcuâc ôommic, in quihtoa ôonteôt ", on dit qu'elle devient 'mocihuâquetzqui', quand elle a trépassé, on dit qu'elle est devenue déesse.Launey II 152." auh inin, mâ toca mozcalti, ma timochintin timiquican ", mais plutot il faut qu'il soit vivifié par nous, il faut que nous mourions tous. Est dit du soleil. Launey II 188." yehica ca miec tlâcatl miqui ", ainsi beaucoup de personnes meurent - so starben denn auch viele Menschen. Sah 1950,192:31." quinmacayah in îâmatlatqui in izquintin miquizqueh ", ils donnaient à tous ceux qui allaient mourir leurs vêtements de papier. Il s'agit d'esclaves qui seront sacrifiés en l'honneur se dieux du pulque. Sah2,137." in ommicqueh ontlâcohtiqueh ", quand ils sont morts, quand ils ont accompli leur service. Sah2,139." in ontlâcohtiqueh in ommicqueh ", quand ils ont accompli leur tâche, quand il sont morts (en sacrifice). Sah2,133." quintozahuihuiah in miquizqueh in îmixiptlahhuân tlaloqueh ", ils veillent ceux qui vont mourir, les incarnations des Tlaloqueh. Sah2,88." ye yâômiquiz ahnôzo ye miquiz tlâlmiquiz ", maintenant il mourra à la guerre ou bien il succombera à une maladie - now he would perish in war, or die - he would die of a sickness. Sah5,151." in ômpa ommiquiya ", (l'enfant) qui mourrait là-bas - (das Kind) das dort geopfert wurde.Sah 1927,56 = Sah2,43." miquiyah, mictîlôyah in mâmaltin ", des prisonniers mourraient, étaient mis à mort - captives died and were slain (as sacrifices). Sah4,6." quitlatzontequilia inic têîxpan tetepachôlo tetica miqui ", il le condamne à être lapidé en public, à mourir lapidé - he sentenced him to be stoned before the people, to die stoned. Sah8,42." ye ommiqui in mêztli ", déjà la lune va mourir - the moon is dying.Est dit de la lune qui décroît. Sah7,3." huel ic miqui, ic îxpolihui, ic tônacâmiqui ", ainsi vraiment, meurent, sont détruites, périssent nos récoltes - thus truly, died and were despoiled our crops. Sous l'effet de la grêle. Sah7,20." ânâhuac miquitiuh ", il ira mourir dans l'Anahuac. Sah9,39.NOTE: 'miqui' donne en composition des verbes exprimant une simple maladie ou un désagrément physique. 'âmiqui', avoir soif, 'cemiqui', avoir froid, s'enrhumer, 'yolmiqui', s'évanouir. Launey Introd. 168.*\MIQUI v.inanimé, devenir mat." ic miqui in tecomatl ahnôzo xicalli ", ainsi les vases ou les calebasses deviennent mats - with it the earthern vessel or gourd is made matte. Est dit du vernis chimaltizatl. Sah11,244. -
44 harm
harm [hα:m]1. nounmal m• a bit of exercise never did anyone any harm un peu d'exercice physique n'a jamais fait de mal à personne• no harm done! il n'y a pas de mal ![+ person] ( = damage) faire du tort à ; ( = hurt) faire du mal à ; [+ reputation, interests, cause] nuire à* * *[hɑːm] 1.noun mal mto do harm to somebody —
2.it would do no harm to do — tu ferais or on ferait mieux de faire
transitive verb faire du mal à [person, baby]; endommager [crops, lungs]; nuire à [population, economy] -
45 field
[fi:ld] 1. noun1) (a piece of land enclosed for growing crops, keeping animals etc: Our house is surrounded by fields.) champ2) (a wide area: playing fields (= an area for games, sports etc).) terrain3) (a piece of land etc where minerals or other natural resources are found: an oil-field; a coalfield.) gisement4) (an area of knowledge, interest, study etc: in the fields of literature/economic development; her main fields of interest.) domaine5) (an area affected, covered or included by something: a magnetic field; in his field of vision.) champ6) (an area of battle: the field of Waterloo; ( also adjective) a field-gun.) champ2. verb((in cricket, basketball etc) to catch (the ball) and return it.) attraper et relancer- fieldwork -
46 manure
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47 агротехнические приемы для засушливых районов
агротехнические приемы для засушливых районов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
dry farming
A system of extensive agriculture allowing the production of crops without irrigation in areas of limited rainfall. Dry farming involves conserving soil moisture through mulching, frequent fallowing, maintenance of a fine tilth by cross-ploughing, repeated working of the soil after rainfall and removal of any weeds that would take up some of the moisture. (Source: GOOD)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > агротехнические приемы для засушливых районов
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48 подсечно-переложное земледелие
подсечно-переложное земледелие
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shifting cultivation
Agricultural practice using the rotation of fields rather than crops, short cropping periods followed by long fallows and the maintenance of fertility by the regeneration of vegetation. (Source: PHC)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > подсечно-переложное земледелие
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49 сельскохозяйственные машины
сельскохозяйственные машины
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
agricultural machinery
Machines utilized for tillage, planting, cultivation and harvesting of crops. Despite its benefits in increasing yields, mechanisation has clearly had some adverse environmental effects: deep ploughing exposes more soil to wind and water erosion; crop residues can be removed as opposed to ploughing back into the soil; removal of residues can lead to a serious loss of organic content in the soil, which may increase the risk of soil erosion. (Source: MGH / DOBRIS)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > сельскохозяйственные машины
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50 сельскохозяйственные угодья
сельскохозяйственные угодья
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
agricultural land
Land used primarily for the production of plant or animal crops, including arable agriculture, dairying, pasturage, apiaries, horticulture, floriculture, viticulture, animal husbandry and the necessary lands and structures needed for packing, processing, treating, or storing the produce. (Source: DUNSTE)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > сельскохозяйственные угодья
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51 difficult
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52 spray
spray [spreɪ]1. nouna. gouttelettes fpl ; (from sea) embruns mpl ; (from hosepipe) pluie f ; (from aerosol) pulvérisation fb. ( = container, aerosol) (bombe f ) aérosol m ; (for scent) atomiseur m ; (for garden) pulvérisateur ma. [+ roses, garden, crops] pulvériser ; [+ room] faire des pulvérisations dans ; [+ hair] vaporiser ( with de ) ; ( = spray-paint) peindre à la bombe• to spray sth/sb with bullets cribler qch/qn de ballesb. [+ water, scent] vaporiser ; [+ insecticide, paint] pulvériserb. ( = spray insecticide) pulvériser des insecticides4. compounds[deodorant, insecticide] (présenté) en bombe* * *[spreɪ] 1.2) ( container) ( for perfume) vaporisateur m; (for antifreeze, deodorant, paint etc) bombe f; (for inhalant, throat, nose) pulvérisateur m3) ( shower) ( of sparks) gerbe f; ( of bullets) pluie f4) ( of flowers) ( bunch) gerbe f; ( single branch) rameau m; ( single flowering stem) branche f2. 3.transitive verb vaporiser [liquid]; asperger [person] ( with de); arroser [demonstrator, oilslick] ( with de)to spray something onto something — ( onto fire) projeter quelque chose sur quelque chose [foam, water]
to spray something over somebody/something — asperger quelqu'un/quelque chose de quelque chose [water]; fig
4.to spray somebody/something with — arroser quelqu'un/quelque chose de [bullets]
intransitive verb gicler; ( more violently) jaillirto spray over/out of — gicler sur/de
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53 play havoc with
(to cause a lot of damage to: The storm played havoc with the farmer's crops.) ravager -
54 flatten
A vtr1 ( level) [rain, storm] coucher [crops, grass] ; abattre [tree, fence] ; [bombing, earthquake] raser [building, town] ; he flattened him with a single punch il l'a étendu raide ○ d'un seul coup de poing ; he'll flatten you ○ ! il va te casser la figure ○ ! ;3 ( crush) écraser [animal, fruit, hat, box etc] ;5 Mus baisser (le ton de) [note] ;D flattened pp adj [shape, nose, head] aplati ; [box, can] écrasé ; (by rain, storm) [grass, weeds] couché ; (by earthquake, bombs) [building, district] rasé.■ flatten out:▶ flatten out [slope, road, ground] s'aplanir ; [graph, curve, flight path] se redresser ; [growth, exports, decline] se stabiliser ;▶ flatten out [sth], flatten [sth] out aplanir [ground, road] ; he flattened the map out on the table il a étalé la carte bien à plat sur la table. -
55 store
A n1 ⇒ Shops, trades and professions ( shop) magasin m ; ( smaller) boutique f ; the big stores les grands magasins ;2 ( supply) (of food, fuel, paper) réserve f, provision f (of de) ; (of knowledge, information) fonds mpl (of de) ; to keep/lay in a store of sth avoir/constituer une réserve or provision de qch ;3 ( place of storage) (for food, fuel) réserve f ; ( for furniture) garde-meuble m ; Comm entrepôt m, magasin m ; Mil magasin m ; ( for nuclear waste) réservoir m de stockage ;4 ( storage) to put sth in(to) store mettre qch au garde-meuble [furniture] ; mettre qch en magasin, entreposer [goods] ; fig there' s a surprise/a nasty shock in store for him une surprise/une mauvaise surprise l'attend ; I wonder what the future has in store (for us) je me demande ce que l'avenir nous réserve.2 ( storage area) magasin m.C vtr1 ( put away) conserver [food] ; ranger [objects, furniture] ; stocker [nuclear waste, chemicals] ; conserver [information] ; Agric engranger [crops, grain] ;4 Comput mettre [qch] en mémoire, mémoriser [data, records] (on sur).D stored pp adj [food, wine, supplies] gen mis de côté ; Comm stocké ; fig [troubles, unhappiness] accumulé.to set great store by sth attacher beaucoup d'importance à qch ; not to set great store by sth, to set little store by sth ne pas attacher beaucoup d'importance à qch.■ store away:▶ store [sth] away, store away [sth] mettre de côté, ranger [clothes, furniture, objects].■ store up:▶ store up [sth] accumuler [food, supplies, energy, heat] ; fig accumuler [hatred, resentment, unhappiness] ; you're storing up trouble/problems for yourself tu ne fais qu'accumuler les ennuis/les problèmes. -
56 culture
culture ['kʌltʃə(r)]1 noun(a) (civilization, learning) culture f;∎ popular/youth culture culture f populaire/des jeunes;∎ a man of culture un homme cultivé ou qui a de la culture;∎ to have no culture être inculte(b) (ethos, environment)∎ the system breeds a culture of nepotism ce système favorise le copinage à tous les niveaux;∎ the culture of violence inherent in some forms of nationalism la violence inhérente à certaines formes de nationalisme;∎ a society characterized by a culture of individualism une société où l'individualisme règne en maître∎ physical culture culture f physique►► culture gap fossé m culturel;Biology culture medium milieu m de culture;culture shock choc m culturel; -
57 harm
harm [hɑ:m]1 noun(UNCOUNT) (physical) mal m; (psychological) tort m, mal m;∎ to do sb harm faire du mal à qn;∎ I hope Ed won't come to (any) harm j'espère qu'il n'arrivera rien à Ed;∎ a bath wouldn't do him any harm un bain ne lui ferait pas de mal;∎ she has done you no harm elle ne vous a fait aucun mal;∎ they didn't mean any harm ils ne voulaient pas (faire) de mal;∎ Ted means no harm Ted n'est pas méchant;∎ I know you didn't mean any harm when you said it je sais que tu ne l'as pas dit méchamment;∎ the incident did a great deal of harm to his reputation cet incident a beaucoup nui à sa réputation;∎ no harm done il n'y a pas de mal;∎ there's no harm in trying il n'y a pas de mal à essayer, on ne perd rien à essayer;∎ I see no harm in their going je ne vois pas d'inconvénient à ce qu'ils y aillent;∎ what harm is there in it? qu'est-ce qu'il y a de mal (à cela)?;∎ no harm will come of it ça n'est pas grave;∎ too much adverse publicity will do their cause a great deal of harm trop de mauvaise publicité nuira énormément à leur cause;∎ to do more harm than good faire plus de mal que de bien;∎ Ray wouldn't harm a hair on her head Ray ne lui ferait aucun mal;∎ he wasn't harmed by the experience ça ne lui a pas fait de mal -
58 raising
raising ['reɪzɪŋ](b) (of offer, price, tax, salaries) augmentation f;∎ raising of the school-leaving age prolongation f de la scolarité(f) (of blockade, embargo, siege) levée f(g) raising of the dead résurrection f des morts►► Cookery raising agent levure f -
59 rotate
∎ the presidency rotates every two years among the members les membres assument la présidence à tour de rôle tous les deux ans['rəʊteɪt] Botany rotacé -
60 treatment
treatment ['tri:tmənt](a) (of person) traitement m;∎ we complained of ill treatment nous nous sommes plaints d'avoir été mal traités;∎ they gave him preferential treatment ils lui ont accordé un traitement préférentiel ou de faveur;∎ I got very good treatment on m'a très bien traité;∎ familiar to give sb the (full) treatment (treat well) traiter qn avec tous les égards□ ; (beat up) rosser qn∎ a course of treatment un traitement;∎ she was sent to Madrid for treatment on l'a envoyée se faire soigner à Madrid;∎ to receive/to undergo treatment recevoir/suivre un traitement;∎ is he responding to treatment? est-ce qu'il réagit au traitement?;∎ no doctor has the right to refuse treatment aucun médecin n'a le droit de refuser ses soins à un malade;∎ cancer treatment traitement m du cancer;∎ X-ray treatment traitement m par rayons X(c) (of subject) traitement m, façon f de traiter;∎ Cézanne's treatment of colour la façon dont Cézanne traite les couleurs(d) (of crops, timber) traitement m(e) (chemical) produit m chimique
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