the+atmosphere+was+electric

1) (of, produced by, or worked by electricity: electric light.) elektrický

2) (full of excitement: The atmosphere in the theatre was electric.) elektrizující

* * *

1) (of, produced by, or worked by electricity: electric light.) elektrický

2) (full of excitement: The atmosphere in the theatre was electric.) elektrizujúci

* * *

1) (of, produced by, or worked by electricity: electric light.) elec­tric

2) (full of excitement: The atmosphere in the theatre was electric.) electrizant

1) (of, produced by, or worked by electricity: electric light.) ηλεκτρικός

2) (full of excitement: The atmosphere in the theatre was electric.) ηλεκτρισμένος

1) (of, produced by, or worked by electricity: electric light.) électrique

2) (full of excitement: The atmosphere in the theatre was electric.) y avoir de l'électricité dans l'air

1) (of, produced by, or worked by electricity: electric light.) elétrico

2) (full of excitement: The atmosphere in the theatre was electric.) eletrizante

1) (lit. or fig.) Atmosphäre, die

2) (air in a place) Luft, die

* * *

1) (the air surrounding the earth: The atmosphere is polluted.) die Atmosphäre

2) (any surrounding feeling: There was a friendly atmosphere in the village.) die Atmosphäre

•

- academic.ru/4212/atmospheric">atmospheric

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[ˈætməsfɪəʳ, AM -fɪr]

1. (of Earth) Atmosphäre f; (of a planet also) Lufthülle f

2. PHYS Atmosphäre f

3. no pl (air)

the \atmosphere in the room was so stuffy I could hardly breathe in dem Zimmer war es so stickig, dass ich kaum atmen konnte

4. ( fig: mood) Atmosphäre f, Stimmung f

\atmosphere of gloom/happiness düstere/fröhliche Stimmung

to have \atmosphere restaurant Atmosphäre haben, stimmungsvoll sein

* * *

n (lit, fig)

* * *

atmosphere [ˈætməˌsfıə(r)] s

1. ASTRON Atmosphäre f, Lufthülle f

2. CHEM Gashülle f (allgemein)

3. Luft f (eines bestimmten Ortes):

4. TECH Atmosphäre f (Druckeinheit: 1 kp/cm²)

5. fig Atmosphäre f:

a) Umgebung f

b) Stimmung f:

there was an atmosphere of contentment es herrschte eine Atmosphäre der Zufriedenheit;

clear the atmosphere die Atmosphäre reinigen; → electric A 2 b

at. abk

1. TECH atmosphere

2. atomic

atm. abk

1. TECH atmosphere

2. atmospheric

* * *

1) (lit. or fig.) Atmosphäre, die

2) (air in a place) Luft, die

* * *

Atmosphäre f.

abs

1) the troops (the brigade, the cavalry, etc.) charged войска и т. д. пошли в атаку

2) the battery needs charging батарейку нужно зарядить, батарейка села

1) charge smth. charge a gun (an accumulator, an electric battery, etc.), заряжать ружье и т. д.

2) charge smth. charge 5 dollars (I rouble, a 4% commission, etc.) назначать /просить, взимать/ пять долларов и т. д.; what commission would you -? сколько вы возьмете комиссионных?

3) charge smth. charge a necklace (a dress, a dinner, etc.) записывать в долг покупку ожерелья и т. д.; I always -all my purchases я всегда покупаю в кредит

4) charge smb., smth. charge the enemy (the enemy troops, etc.) атаковать противника и т. д., завязать бой с противником и т. д; charge the enemy positions атаковать позиции противника

1) charge smb. in some manner charge smb. falsely (calumniously, groundlessly, etc.) предъявлять кому-л. ложное и т. д. обвинение

2) charge smb. in some manner charge smb. violently (unreasonably, heavily, vehemently, sword in hand, etc.) яростно и т. д. атаковать кого-л.

3) charge smth. in some manner charge a cart (a boat, a ship, a lorry, etc.) heavily (excessively, to the full, etc.) тяжело и т. д. нагрузить телегу и т. д.

1) be charged in some manner the lorry (the cart, etc.) was charged to the full (to excess, heavily, etc.) грузовик был нагружен до самого верха и т. д.; be charged with with. soldiers came back charged with booty солдаты вернулись, нагруженные добычей

2) be charged with smth. be charged with moisture (with electricity, etc.) быть насыщенным влагой и т. д.; the air was charged with steam в воздухе стоял пар; the atmosphere was charged with suspense /tension/ атмосфера была очень напряженной; the atmosphere there was charged with fear там царил страх

3) be charged in some manner he was falsely (groundlessly, etc.) charged его ложно и т. д. обвинили, ему было предъявлено ложное и т. д. обвинение; be charged with smth. what 'is the prisoner charged with? в чем обвиняется заключенный?

4) be charged smth. the company should be charged only your travelling expenses компания должна оплачивать только ваши дорожные расходы; be charged on smth. storage will be charged on each piece of baggage remaining at the station ever 24 hours за каждое место багажа, оставленного на хранение на вокзале на срок свыше двадцати четырех часов, будет взиматься плата

1) charge at smb. charge at the спешу (at the standing man, etc.) нападать /набрасываться/ на /атаковать/ противника и т. д.; the bull (the wounded lion, the stranger, etc.) charged at me suddenly бык и т. д. внезапно (на)бросился на меня; charge across (into, etc.) smth. the bull charged across the field (into the forest, etc.) бык бросился бежать по полю и т. д.

2) charge at smth. charge at L 300 a year (at five shillings a yard, at $ 8 an hour, etc.) брать /просить/ триста фунтов в год и т. д.; charge by smth. charge by weight (by bulk, etc.) взимать плату по весу и т. д, charge by the hour взимать почасовую плату

1) charge smb. with (on) smth. charge the enemy with fixed bayonets атаковать противника примкнутыми штыками; charge the enemy with violence яростно атаковать противника; charge the enemy on horseback завязать конный бой

2) charge smth. with smth. charge a gun with blank cartridges (the cannon with powder and ball, etc.) заряжать ружье холостыми патронами и т. д.; charge water with carbon dioxide газировать воду

3) charge smth., smb. with smth. charge a boat with a load нагружать лодку; charge one's shoulders with a sack of corn взвалить на плечи мешок зерна; charge mules with hampers навьючить на мула плетеные корзины; charge a table with dishes заставить стол посудой; charge the stomach with [indigestible] food набить желудок [тяжелой] пищей; charge one's speech with commonplace phrases (with proverbs, etc.) пересыпать свой речь банальными выражениями и т. д. charge one's memory with facts (with useful information, etc.) загружать память фактами и т. д. charge one's memory with trifles забивать голову /память/ всякими пустяками; charge smb. with reproaches ( with insults, with praise, with honours, etc.) осыпать кого-л. упреками и т. д.

4) charge smth. for smth. charge a fee for one's service (L 1 for the book, commission for the sale, etc.) назначать /просить, взимать/ плату за обслуживание и т. д.; charge too much (nothing) for smth. запросить очень много (ничего не взять) за что-л.; what /how much/ do they charge for a car by the day (for a call, for a room, etc.)? сколько стоит день проката автомобиля и т. д.?

5) charge smb. with smth. charge smb. with a crime (with offences of every imaginable kind, with delinquency, with various defects, with dishonesty, with carelessness, with complicity, with assault and battery, with murder. with treason, etc.) обвинять кого-л. в преступлении и т. д; charge smth. to smb. charge a crime (treason, a calamity, an accident, etc.) to smb. приписывать преступление и т. д. кому-л.

6) charge smth. to smb., smth. charge the expense to the firm (a thing bought to the customer, the sum to his account, the payment of smth. to the public debt, the fare on the bill, etc.) записывать /относить/ расходы за счет фирмы и т. д.

7) charge smb. with smth. charge the pupils with a task (the boy with a duty, him with an office, the agent with an important commission, etc.) дать ученикам задание и т. д., charge a governess with the education of children (a man with the superintendence of a building, etc.) поручить гувернантке воспитание детей и т. д; charge these people with heavy responsibilities возлагать на этих людей большую ответственность

1) charge smb. with doing smth. charge a burglar with having stolen the jewels (a student with neglecting his duty, a man with having done smth., etc.) обвинять грабителя в краже драгоценностей и т. д.' the policeman charged him with driving a car while under the influence of alcohol полицейский обвинял его в том, что он вел машину в нетрезвом виде

2) charge smth. for doing smth. charge a fee for performing an operation назначать плату за операцию; charge L 40 for teaching the children ($ 3 for running errands, etc.) просить 40 фунтов за обучение детей и т. д.; how much do you charge for cleaning a coat? сколько вы берете за чистку пальто?, сколько стоит почистить пальто?

SUBJECT AREA: Electricity, Metallurgy

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Coolidge obtained his BS from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1896, and his PhD (physics) from the University of Leipzig in 1899. He was appointed Assistant Professor of Physics at MIT in 1904, and in 1905 he joined the staff of the General Electric Company's research laboratory at Schenectady. In 1905 Schenectady was trying to make tungsten-filament lamps to counter the competition of the tantalum-filament lamps then being produced by their German rival Siemens. The first tungsten lamps made by Just and Hanaman in Vienna in 1904 had been too fragile for general use. Coolidge and his life-long collaborator, Colin G. Fink, succeeded in 1910 by hot-working directly dense sintered tungsten compacts into wire. This success was the result of a flash of insight by Coolidge, who first perceived that fully recrystallized tungsten wire was always brittle and that only partially work-hardened wire retained a measure of ductility. This grasped, a process was developed which induced ductility into the wire by hot-working at temperatures below those required for full recrystallization, so that an elongated fibrous grain structure was progressively developed. Sintered tungsten ingots were swaged to bar at temperatures around 1,500°C and at the end of the process ductile tungsten filament wire was drawn through diamond dies around 550°C. This process allowed General Electric to dominate the world lamp market. Tungsten lamps consumed only one-third the energy of carbon lamps, and for the first time the cost of electric lighting was reduced to that of gas. Between 1911 and 1914, manufacturing licences for the General Electric patents had been granted for most of the developed work. The validity of the General Electric monopoly was bitterly contested, though in all the litigation that followed, Coolidge's fibering principle was upheld. Commercial arrangements between General Electric and European producers such as Siemens led to the name "Osram" being commonly applied to any lamp with a drawn tungsten filament. In 1910 Coolidge patented the use of thoria as a particular additive that greatly improved the high-temperature strength of tungsten filaments. From this development sprang the technique of "dispersion strengthening", still being widely used in the development of high-temperature alloys in the 1990s. In 1913 Coolidge introduced the first controllable hot-cathode X-ray tube, which had a tungsten target and operated in vacuo rather than in a gaseous atmosphere. With this equipment, medical radiography could for the first time be safely practised on a routine basis. During the First World War, Coolidge developed portable X-ray units for use in field hospitals, and between the First and Second World Wars he introduced between 1 and 2 million X-ray machines for cancer treatment and for industrial radiography. He became Director of the Schenectady laboratory in 1932, and from 1940 until 1944 he was Vice-President and Director of Research. After retirement he was retained as an X-ray consultant, and in this capacity he attended the Bikini atom bomb trials in 1946. Throughout the Second World War he was a member of the National Defence Research Committee.

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SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology, Mining and extraction technology

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Educated at the Latin School at Penzance and from 1792 at Truro Grammar School, Davy was apprenticed to a surgeon in Penzance. In 1797 he began to teach himself chemistry by reading, among other works, Lavoisier's elementary treatise on chemistry. In 1798 Dr Thomas Beddoes of Bristol engaged him as assistant in setting up his Pneumatic Institution to pioneer the medical application of the newly discovered gases, especially oxygen.

In 1799 he discovered the anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide, discovered not long before by the chemist Joseph Priestley. He also noted its intoxicating qualities, on account of which it was dubbed "laughing-gas". Two years later Count Rumford, founder of the Royal Institution in 1800, appointed Davy Assistant Lecturer, and the following year Professor. His lecturing ability soon began to attract large audiences, making science both popular and fashionable.

Davy was stimulated by Volta's invention of the voltaic pile, or electric battery, to construct one for himself in 1800. That enabled him to embark on the researches into electrochemistry by which is chiefly known. In 1807 he tried decomposing caustic soda and caustic potash, hitherto regarded as elements, by electrolysis and obtained the metals sodium and potassium. He went on to discover the metals barium, strontium, calcium and magnesium by the same means. Next, he turned his attention to chlorine, which was then regarded as an oxide in accordance with Lavoisier's theory that oxygen was the essential component of acids; Davy failed to decompose it, however, even with the aid of electricity and concluded that it was an element, thus disproving Lavoisier's view of the nature of acids. In 1812 Davy published his Elements of Chemical Philosophy, in which he presented his chemical ideas without, however, committing himself to the atomic theory, recently advanced by John Dalton.

In 1813 Davy engaged Faraday as Assistant, perhaps his greatest service to science. In April 1815 Davy was asked to assist in the development of a miner's lamp which could be safely used in a firedamp (methane) laden atmosphere. The "Davy lamp", which emerged in January 1816, had its flame completely surrounded by a fine wire mesh; George Stephenson's lamp, based on a similar principle, had been introduced into the Northumberland pits several months earlier, and a bitter controversy as to priority of invention ensued, but it was Davy who was awarded the prize for inventing a successful safety lamp.

In 1824 Davy was the first to suggest the possibility of conferring cathodic protection to the copper bottoms of naval vessels by the use of sacrificial electrodes. Zinc and iron were found to be equally effective in inhibiting corrosion, although the scheme was later abandoned when it was found that ships protected in this way were rapidly fouled by weeds and barnacles.

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SUBJECT AREA: Electricity, Ports and shipping

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The youngest son of the Earl of Rosse, he came from a family well known in scientific circles, the six boys growing up in an intellectual atmosphere at Birr Castle, the ancestral home in Ireland, where a forge and large workshop were available to them. Charles, like his brothers, did not go to school but was educated by private tutors of the character of Sir Robert Ball, this type of education being interspersed with overseas holiday trips to France, Holland, Belgium and Spain in the family yacht. In 1871, at the age of 17, he went to Trinity College, Dublin, and after two years he went on to St John's College, Cambridge. This was before the Engineering School had opened, and Parsons studied mechanics and mathematics.

In 1877 he was apprenticed to W.G.Armstrong \& Co. of Elswick, where he stayed for four years, developing an epicycloidal engine that he had designed while at Cambridge. He then moved to Kitson \& Co. of Leeds, where he went half shares in a small experimental shop working on rocket propulsion for torpedoes.

In 1887 he married Katherine Bethell, who contracted rheumatic fever from early-morning outdoor vigils with her husband to watch his torpedo experiments while on their honeymoon! He then moved to a partnership in Clarke, Chapman \& Co. at Gateshead. There he joined the electrical department, initially working on the development of a small, steam-driven marine lighting set. This involved the development of either a low-speed dynamo, for direct coupling to a reciprocating engine, or a high-speed engine, and it was this requirement that started Parsons on the track of the steam turbine. This entailed many problems such as the running of shafts at speeds of up to 40,000 rpm and the design of a DC generator for 18,000 rpm. He took out patents for both the turbine and the generator on 23 April 1884. In 1888 he dissolved his partnership with Clarke, Chapman \& Co. to set up his own firm in Newcastle, leaving his patents with the company's owners. This denied him the use of the axial-flow turbine, so Parsons then designed a radial-flow layout; he later bought back his patents from Clarke, Chapman \& Co. His original patent had included the use of the steam turbine as a means of marine propulsion, and Parsons now set about realizing this possibility. He experimented with 2 ft (61 cm) and 6 ft (183 cm) long models, towed with a fishing line or, later, driven by a twisted rubber cord, through a single-reduction set of spiral gearing.

The first trials of the Turbinia took place in 1894 but were disappointing due to cavitation, a little-understood phenomenon at the time. He used an axial-flow turbine of 2,000 shp running at 2,000 rpm. His work resulted in a far greater understanding of the phenomenon of cavitation than had hitherto existed. Land turbines of up to 350 kW (470 hp) had meanwhile been built. Experiments with the Turbinia culminated in a demonstration which took place at the great Naval Review of 1897 at Spithead, held to celebrate Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee. Here, the little Turbinia darted in and out of the lines of heavy warships and destroyers, attaining the unheard of speed of 34.5 knots. The following year the Admiralty placed their first order for a turbine-driven ship, and passenger vessels started operation soon after, the first in 1901. By 1906 the Admiralty had moved over to use turbines exclusively. These early turbines had almost all been direct-coupled to the ship's propeller shaft. For optimum performance of both turbine and propeller, Parsons realized that some form of reduction gearing was necessary, which would have to be extremely accurate because of the speeds involved. Parsons's Creep Mechanism of 1912 ensured that any errors in the master wheel would be distributed evenly around the wheel being cut.

Parsons was also involved in optical work and had a controlling interest in the firm of Ross Ltd of London and, later, in Sir Howard Grubb \& Sons. He he was an enlightened employer, originating share schemes and other benefits for his employees.

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hot [hɒt]

chaud ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (b), 1 (d), 1 (k), 1 (l), 1 (t) qui tient chaud ⇒ 1 (c) épicé ⇒ 1 (e) tout frais ⇒ 1 (f) violent ⇒ 1 (h) intense ⇒ 1 (i) enthousiaste ⇒ 1 (j) sévère ⇒ 1 (m) recherché ⇒ 1 (o), 1 (r)

(compar hotter, superl hottest, pt & pp hotted, cont hotting)

1 adjective

(a) (high in temperature) chaud;

∎ to be hot (person) avoir (très ou trop) chaud; (object) être chaud;

∎ a hot, stuffy room une pièce où il fait une chaleur étouffante ou où l'on étouffe;

∎ the engine/glass/oven is hot le moteur/verre/four est chaud;

∎ I'm getting hot je commence à avoir chaud;

∎ the water is getting hot l'eau devient chaude;

∎ how hot should the oven be? le four doit être à quelle température?;

∎ it was hot work le travail donnait chaud;

∎ there's hot and cold running water il y a l'eau courante chaude et froide;

∎ we sat in the hot sun nous étions assis sous un soleil brûlant;

∎ I'd like a hot bath j'aimerais prendre un bain bien chaud;

∎ the doctor said not to have any hot drinks le médecin m'a conseillé de ne pas boire chaud ou m'a déconseillé les boissons chaudes;

∎ a hot meal un repas chaud;

∎ keep the meat hot tenez la viande au chaud;

∎ serve the soup while it's hot servez la soupe bien chaude;

∎ the bread was hot from the oven le pain sortait tout chaud du four;

∎ hot food always available (sign) plats chauds à toute heure;

∎ figurative you're getting hot! (in guessing game) tu brûles!;

∎ familiar to be or to get (all) hot and bothered (about sth) être dans tous ses états ou se faire du mauvais sang (au sujet de qch);

∎ familiar to be or to get hot under the collar (about sth) être en colère ou en rogne (au sujet de qch);

∎ the books were selling like hot cakes les livres se vendaient comme des petits pains;

∎ familiar he's full of hot air c'est une grande gueule;

∎ all her promises are just a lot of hot air toutes ses promesses ne sont que des paroles en l'air;

∎ that's nothing but hot air! tout ça n'est que du vent!

(b) (weather)

∎ it's hot il fait très chaud;

∎ it's really hot! il fait vraiment très chaud!;

∎ it's getting hotter il commence à faire très chaud;

∎ I can't sleep when it's so hot je ne peux pas dormir par cette chaleur;

∎ it was very hot that day il faisait très chaud ce jour-là, c'était un jour de grande ou forte chaleur;

∎ one hot afternoon in August (par) une chaude après-midi d'août;

∎ in (the) hot weather pendant les chaleurs;

∎ we had a hot spell last week c'était la canicule la semaine dernière;

∎ the hottest day of the year la journée la plus chaude de l'année

(c) (clothing) qui tient chaud;

∎ this jacket's too hot cette veste tient trop chaud

(d) (colour) chaud, vif

(e) (pungent, spicy → food) épicé, piquant, relevé; (→ spice) fort;

∎ a hot curry un curry relevé ou épicé

(f) (fresh, recent) tout(e) frais (fraîche);

∎ the news is hot off the presses ce sont des informations de toute dernière minute;

∎ this book is hot off the press ce livre vient juste de paraître

(g) (close, following closely)

∎ to be hot on the trail être sur la bonne piste;

∎ the police were hot on their heels or on their trail la police les talonnait ou était à leurs trousses;

∎ he fled with the police in hot pursuit il s'est enfui avec la police à ses trousses

(h) (fiery, vehement) violent;

∎ she has a hot temper elle s'emporte facilement, elle est très soupe au lait

(i) (intense → anger, shame) intense, profond

(j) (keen) enthousiaste, passionné;

∎ American familiar he's hot on my sister il en pince pour ma sœur;

∎ they're very hot on formal qualifications (attach importance to) ils insistent beaucoup sur les diplômes;

∎ they're not very hot on hygiene (fussy about) ils ne sont pas très portés sur l'hygiène

(k) familiar (exciting) chaud;

∎ the reporter was onto a hot story le journaliste était sur un coup (fumant);

∎ to have a hot date avoir un rendez-vous galant^□ ;

∎ this book is hot stuff c'est un livre très audacieux^□ ;

∎ this issue is hot stuff, I wouldn't touch it c'est un sujet brûlant, je n'y toucherais pas

(l) familiar (difficult, unpleasant) chaud, difficile^□ ;

∎ we could make it or things very hot for you if you don't cooperate nous pourrions vous mener la vie dure ou vous en faire voir de toutes les couleurs si vous ne vous montrez pas coopératif;

∎ the presence of the army made things hot for the smugglers la présence de l'armée a rendu les choses très difficiles pour les contrebandiers^□ ;

∎ the town had got too hot for the drug dealers l'atmosphère de la ville était devenue irrespirable pour les trafiquants de drogue;

∎ the situation was too hot to handle la situation était trop délicate pour qu'on s'en mêle^□

(m) British familiar (severe, stringent) sévère^□, dur^□ ;

∎ the police are really hot on drunk driving la police ne badine vraiment pas avec la conduite en état d'ivresse

(n) familiar (very good) génial, terrible; (skilful) fort^□, calé;

∎ how is he? - not so hot (unwell) comment va-t-il? - pas trop bien^□ ;

∎ I don't feel so hot je ne suis pas dans mon assiette;

∎ I'm not so hot at maths je ne suis pas très calé en maths;

∎ she's hot stuff at golf c'est un as ou un crack au golf;

∎ his latest book isn't so hot son dernier livre n'est pas terrible ou fameux;

∎ that isn't such a hot idea ce n'est pas terrible ou fameux comme idée;

∎ that's hot! c'est super!;

∎ a hot tip un tuyau sûr ou increvable

(o) familiar (in demand, popular) très recherché^□ ;

∎ she's really hot just now elle a vraiment beaucoup de succès en ce moment^□ ;

∎ to be hot property être très demandé^□ ;

∎ windsurfing is hot stuff in this area la planche à voile est très en vogue dans cette région^□

(p) familiar (sexually attractive)

∎ to be hot (stuff) être sexy (inv);

∎ he's hot (sexually aroused) il a le feu au derrière;

∎ to be hot to trot avoir le feu aux fesses

(q) familiar (stolen) volé^□

(r) British familiar (sought by police) recherché par la police^□

(s) Electricity (wire) sous tension

(t) Nuclear (atom) chaud; familiar (radioactive) chaud, radioactif^□

(u) American very familiar

∎ hot damn! (in excitement) bon sang!, nom d'un chien!; (in anger) merde!

2 adverb

∎ to go hot and cold at the thought of sth avoir des sueurs froides à l'idée de qch

3 hots plural noun

∎ familiar to have the hots for sb craquer pour qn

►► hot chocolate Cookery (drink) chocolat m chaud;

hot desking = pratique qui consiste à ne pas assigner de bureaux individuels aux employés, ces derniers étant libres de s'installer à n'importe quel poste de travail inoccupé;

1 noun

(sausage) hot-dog m, frankfurter m; Skiing ski m acrobatique; (in surfing) surf m acrobatique; American familiar (show-off) m'as-tu-vu mf inv

2 exclamation

American familiar génial!, super!;

hot dog stand stand m de hot-dogs;

∎ we met in front of the hot dog stand nous nous sommes retrouvés devant le vendeur de hot-dogs;

Metallurgy hot drawing tirage m à chaud;

British Sport hot favourite grand(e) favori(te) m,f;

Medicine American hot flash, British hot flush bouffée f de chaleur;

hot gospeller = prêcheur évangéliste qui harangue les foules;

British hot gossip les tous derniers cancans mpl;

familiar Cars hot hatch cinq-portes f inv qui pète le feu;

familiar hot jazz (jazz m) hot m inv;

Computing hot key touche f personnalisée;

Telecommunications hot line numéro m d'urgence; Politics (between US and Kremlin) téléphone m rouge;

hot line support assistance f technique téléphonique, hot line f;

∎ he has a hot line to the president il a une ligne directe avec le président;

∎ she's on the hot line to the director elle téléphone au directeur;

∎ the hot line to the Kremlin la téléphone rouge avec le Kremlin;

Computing hot link lien m hypertexte;

familiar hot money (UNCOUNT) (stolen) argent m volé^□ ; Finance capitaux mpl flottants ou fébriles^□ ;

British hot news les toutes dernières nouvelles fpl;

American hot pad dessous-de-plat m inv;

hot pants mini-short m (très court et moulant);

Botany & Cookery hot pepper piment m;

familiar figurative hot potato sujet m brûlant et délicat;

∎ a political hot potato un sujet brûlant ou une question brûlante de politique;

∎ to drop sb like a hot potato laisser tomber qn comme une vieille chaussette ou savate;

Irish hot press (airing cupboard) = placard chauffé où l'on fait sécher le linge;

familiar Cars hot rod bagnole f trafiquée;

Metallurgy hot rolling laminage m à chaud;

American familiar hot seat (electric chair) chaise f électrique^□ ;

∎ figurative to be in the hot seat (difficult situation) être sur la sellette;

Photography hot shoe griffe f du flash, pied-sabot m;

hot spot (dangerous area) point m chaud ou névralgique; familiar (night club) boîte f de nuit^□ ; Technology point m chaud;

∎ let's hit the town's hot spots si on faisait la tournée des boîtes?;

hot spring source f chaude;

British Computing hot swap (of devices) remplacement m à chaud;

American familiar hot ticket: to be a hot ticket faire fureur;

∎ the play is the hottest ticket in town c'est la pièce qui a le plus de succès actuellement^□ ;

hot tub = sorte de Jacuzzi ® qu'on installe dehors;

hot war guerre f chaude ou ouverte;

hot water eau f chaude;

∎ figurative their latest prank got them into or landed them in hot water leur dernière farce leur a attiré des ennuis;

∎ you'll be in hot water when she finds out tu passeras un mauvais quart d'heure quand elle s'en apercevra;

hot wire fil m sous tension

➲ hot up British familiar

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (intensify → argument, contest) échauffer^□ ; (→ bombing, fighting) intensifier^□ ; (→ party) mettre de l'animation dans^□ ; (→ music) faire balancer, faire chauffer;

∎ they hotted up the pace ils ont forcé l'allure

(b) Cars

∎ to hot up a car gonfler le moteur d'une voiture

2 intransitive verb

(intensify → discussion, campaign) s'échauffer^□ ; (→ fighting, situation) chauffer^□, s'intensifier^□ ;

∎ the price war has hotted up la guerre des prix s'intensifie;

∎ things are beginning to hot up ça se corse

✾ Film 'Some like it hot' Wilder 'Certains l'aiment chaud'