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101 Siemens, Dr Ernst Werner von
[br]b. 13 December 1816 Lenthe, near Hanover, Germanyd. 6 December 1892 Berlin, Germany[br]German pioneer of the dynamo, builder of the first electric railway.[br]Werner von Siemens was the eldest of a large family and after the early death of his parents took his place at its head. He served in the Prussian artillery, being commissioned in 1839, after which he devoted himself to the study of chemistry and physics. In 1847 Siemens and J.G. Halske formed a company, Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens und Halske, to manufacture a dial telegraph which they had developed from an earlier instrument produced by Charles Wheatstone. In 1848 Siemens obtained his discharge from the army and he and Halske constructed the first long-distance telegraph line on the European continent, between Berlin and Frankfurt am Main.Werner von Siemens's younger brother, William Siemens, had settled in Britain in 1844 and was appointed agent for the Siemens \& Halske company in 1851. Later, an English subsidiary company was formed, known from 1865 as Siemens Brothers. It specialized in manufacturing and laying submarine telegraph cables: the specialist cable-laying ship Faraday, launched for the purpose in 1874, was the prototype of later cable ships and in 1874–5 laid the first cable to run direct from the British Isles to the USA. In charge of Siemens Brothers was another brother, Carl, who had earlier established a telegraph network in Russia.In 1866 Werner von Siemens demonstrated the principle of the dynamo in Germany, but it took until 1878 to develop dynamos and electric motors to the point at which they could be produced commercially. The following year, 1879, Werner von Siemens built the first electric railway, and operated it at the Berlin Trades Exhibition. It comprised an oval line, 300 m (985 it) long, with a track gauge of 1 m (3 ft 3 1/2 in.); upon this a small locomotive hauled three small passenger coaches. The locomotive drew current at 150 volts from a third rail between the running rails, through which it was returned. In four months, more than 80,000 passengers were carried. The railway was subsequently demonstrated in Brussels, and in London, in 1881. That same year Siemens built a permanent electric tramway, 1 1/2 miles (2 1/2 km) long, on the outskirts of Berlin. In 1882 in Berlin he tried out a railless electric vehicle which drew electricity from a two-wire overhead line: this was the ancestor of the trolleybus.In the British Isles, an Act of Parliament was obtained in 1880 for the Giant's Causeway Railway in Ireland with powers to work it by "animal, mechanical or electrical power"; although Siemens Brothers were electrical engineers to the company, of which William Siemens was a director, delays in construction were to mean that the first railway in the British Isles to operate regular services by electricity was that of Magnus Volk.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsHonorary doctorate, Berlin University 1860. Ennobled by Kaiser Friedrich III 1880, after which he became known as von Siemens.Further ReadingS.von Weiher, 1972, "The Siemens brothers, pioneers of the electrical age in Europe", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 45 (describes the Siemens's careers). C.E.Lee, 1979, The birth of electric traction', Railway Magazine (May) (describes Werner Siemens's introduction of the electric railway).Transactions of the Newcomen Society (1979) 50: 82–3 (describes Siemens's and Halske's early electric telegraph instruments).Transactions of the Newcomen Society (1961) 33: 93 (describes the railless electric vehicle).PJGRBiographical history of technology > Siemens, Dr Ernst Werner von
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102 телеграфная связь
1) Military: recorded communication, recorded communications, telegraphy communication, telegraphy communications2) Engineering: telegraph, telegraph communication, telegraph connection (соединение), telegraph line, telegraphic communication, telegraphic line, telegraphy3) Railway term: telegraph service4) Economy: cable communication5) Telecommunications: letter-printing communication -
103 Telegrafenleitung
f telegraph line* * *die Telegrafenleitungline* * *Te·le·gra·fen·lei·tungf telegraph cable* * *Telegrafenleitung f telegraph line -
104 Telegrafenagentur
Telegrafenagentur
dispatch agency;
• Telegrafenamt telegraph office;
• Telegrafenarbeiter [telegraph] wireman, [telegraph] lineman;
• Telegrafenbeamter telegraph operator, (am Schalter) telegraph clerk;
• Telegrafenbote telegraph messenger (boy, Br.);
• Telegrafenbüro dispatch agency;
• Telegrafendienst [der Wirtschaft] [commercial] telegraph service;
• Telegrafengesellschaft cable company;
• Telegrafenlinie telegraph line;
• Telegrafennetz wire, telegraph system. -
105 телеграфный
1. telegraphic2. telegraph; telegraphic; telegram; by wire -
106 Field, Cyrus West
SUBJECT AREA: Telecommunications[br]b. 30 November 1819 Stockbridge, Massachusetts, USAd. 12 July 1892 New York City, New York, USA[br]American financier and entrepreneur noted for his successful promotion of the first transatlantic telegraph cable.[br]At the age of 15 Field left home to seek his fortune in New York, starting work on Broadway as an errand boy for $1 per week. Returning to Massachusetts, in 1838 he became an assistant to his brother Matthew, a paper-maker, leaving to set up his own business two years later. By the age of 21 he was also a partner in a New York firm of paper wholesalers, but this firm collapsed because of large debts. Out of the wreckage he set up Cyrus W.Field \& Co., and by 1852 he had paid off all the debts. With $250,000 in the bank he therefore retired and travelled in South America. Returning to the USA, he then became involved with the construction of a telegraph line in Newfoundland by an English engineer, F.N. Osborne. Although the company collapsed, he had been fired by the dream of a transatlantic cable and in 1854 was one of the founders of the New York, Newfoundland and London Telegraph Company. He began to promote surveys and hold discussions with British telegraph pioneers and with Isambard Brunel, who was then building the Great Eastern steamship. In 1856 he helped to set up the Atlantic Telegraph Company in Britain and, as a result of his efforts and those of the British physicist and inventor Sir William Thomson (Lord Kelvin), work began in 1857 on the laying of the first transatlantic cable from Newfoundland to Ireland. After many tribulations the cable was completed on 5 August 1857, but it failed after barely a month. Following several unsuccessful attempts to repair and replace it, the cable was finally completed on 27 July 1866. Building upon his success, Field expanded his business interests. In 1877 he bought a controlling interest in and was President of the New York Elevated Railroad Company. He also helped develop the Wabash Railroad and became owner of the New York Mail and Express newspaper; however, he subsequently suffered large financial losses.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsCongressional Gold Medal.Further ReadingA.C.Clarke, 1958, Voice Across the Sea, London: Frederick Muller (describes the development of the transatlantic telegraph).H.M.Field, 1893, Story of the Atlantic Telegraph (also describes the transatlantic telegraph development).L.J.Judson (ed.), 1893, Cyrus W.Field: His Life and Work (a complete biography).KF -
107 hat
",-ttı 1. line. 2. handwriting; calligraphy. 3. (transport or communications) line. 4. elec. line, wire. 5. (facial or bodily) feature, contour. - bekçisi watchman (guarding a railroad, telephone or telegraph line). - çekmek to install a (telephone, telegraph) line. - işçisi lineman; trackman. - karıştırmak slang to be shown up, be embarrassed." -
108 telegrafico
(pl -ci) stile telegraphicrisposta very brief* * *telegrafico agg.1 telegraphic; telegraph (attr.): cavo telegrafico, telegraph cable; filo telegrafico, telegraph wire; linea telegrafica, telegraph line; messaggio telegrafico, telegraphic message; ufficio telegrafico, telegraph office // (comm.) vaglia telegrafico, telegraphic money order2 (estens.) ( conciso) brief, concise, terse: stile telegrafico, concise style; mi ha telefonato ma è stato telegrafico, he phoned me but he was very terse.* * *1) [rete, linea, palo, vaglia] telegraph attrib.; [ messaggio] telegraphic2) fig. [ stile] telegraphic, concise* * *telegraficopl. -ci, - che /tele'grafiko, t∫i, ke/1 [rete, linea, palo, vaglia] telegraph attrib.; [ messaggio] telegraphic2 fig. [ stile] telegraphic, concise. -
109 телеграфный
Русско-английский новый политехнический словарь > телеграфный
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110 телеграфный
Бизнес, юриспруденция. Русско-английский словарь > телеграфный
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111 línea
línea sustantivo femenino 1 ( en general) line; escribirle unas líneas a algn to drop sb a line; seguir la línea del partido to follow the party line; en líneas generales broadly speaking; por línea materna on his (o her etc) mother's side; línea de montaje assembly line; línea de gol goal line; línea de llegada finishing line, wire (AmE); línea de salida starting line; de primera línea ‹ tecnología› state-of-the-art; ‹ producto› top-quality, high-class; ‹actor/jugador› first-rate;◊ leer entre líneas to read between the lines2 (Transp, Tele) line; final de la línea end of the line; no hay línea directa a Córdoba there is no direct service to Cordoba; intenté llamarte pero no había línea I tried to ring you but the phone o the line was dead; la línea está ocupada the line is busy 3◊ nuestra nueva línea de cosméticos our new line o range of cosmeticsb) ( estilo):4 ( figura):
línea sustantivo femenino
1 Geom line
2 (trayecto de autobús) route (de ferrocarril, metro) line Av línea aérea, airline
3 Inform en línea, on-line
4 (figura, cuerpo esbelto) figure
mantener la línea, to keep one's figure (diseño) design
5 Com (de productos) line
6 (fila) line
poner en línea, to line up
7 (cable) line
línea telegráfica, telegraph line Locuciones: en líneas generales, roughly speaking
entre líneas, between the lines Tel línea caliente, hotline ' línea' also found in these entries: Spanish: aerodinámica - aerodinámico - alinear - banda - continua - continuo - derecha - derecho - estacionamiento - extensión - flotación - fuego - horizonte - intervenir - juez - punto - salida - sucesión - trazar - trazo - verso - autobús - comer - conservar - controlar - curva - delantero - descendente - discontinuo - ecuador - ininterrumpido - lateral - oblicuo - ocupado - paralela - patín - prolongar - quebrado - raya - recto - renglón - saltar - separar - tenue - transversal - vertical English: airline - borderline - bus route - busline - commercial pilot - credit line - crow - cut off - dead - describe - draw - editorial - electrify - extend - faint - file - finishing line - fire - firing line - frill - hard line - length - line - name - oblique - overbook - party line - plot - product line - range - rank - roller blades - rollerblade - route - sideline - skyline - starting line - straight - touchline - vein - waistline - waterline - watershed - winning post - wiretapping - air - carrier - demarcation - directly - dividing line -
112 линия связи
1) General subject: link2) Computers: circuit3) Military: communication, communications, linkage, signal channel, uplink4) Engineering: access line, communication circuit, communication line, communication link, communications line, coupling path, flowline (на блок-схеме), line of communication, tie line5) Railway term: pole line, telegraph line6) Economy: line of communications, service7) Telecommunications: ALIS (access line in service), liaison link, telecommunication line8) Information technology: communications link, line, loop, transmission link9) Oil: connecting link10) Astronautics: through path11) Metrology: transmission line (в измерительных системах)12) Business: route13) Network technologies: carrier, channel, facilities14) Automation: flow line (блок-схемы), trunk15) SAP.tech. communications connection16) Electrical engineering: (межсистемная) tie line -
113 телеграфная подводящая
Engineering: telegraph circuit, telegraph line, telegraphic lineУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > телеграфная подводящая
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114 Telegrafenleitung
f TELEKOM telegraph cable, telegraph circuit, telegraph lineDeutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Informatik > Telegrafenleitung
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115 телеграфная линия
1) General subject: telegraph line2) Engineering: telegraph circuit -
116 Überlandbahn
Überlandbahn
interurban railway (railroad, US), transcontinental railway;
• Überlandbus cross-country (interurban) bus, motor coach;
• Überlandflug cross-country flight, (kurzer) hop;
• Überlandfrachtsatz truck rates (US);
• Überlandleitung power (US) ([overhead] transmission) line, (Telegrafenlinie) cross-country telegraph line;
• Überlandpost overland mail;
• Überlandsendung trucking shipment (US);
• Überlandstraße cross-country road, highway (US);
• Überlandtarif truck rates;
• Überlandtransport long-distance transport (haulage, US), trucking shipment (US);
• Überlandverbindungen overland links;
• Überlandverkehr interurban (long-distance road) traffic, overland transport, truck service (US), trucking line (US);
• Überlandversandkosten trucking costs;
• Überlandzentrale long-distance power station;
• Überlandzustellung truck delivery (US). -
117 전신선
n. telegraph wire, telegraph line -
118 телеграфная линия
Russian-English dictionary of telecommunications > телеграфная линия
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119 Überlandleitung
Überlandleitung
power (US) ([overhead] transmission) line, (Telegrafenlinie) cross-country telegraph line -
120 telegraaflijn
n. telegraph line, line
См. также в других словарях:
telegraph line — noun the wire that carries telegraph and telephone signals • Syn: ↑telephone wire, ↑telephone line, ↑telegraph wire • Hypernyms: ↑wire, ↑conducting wire • Hyponyms: ↑teleph … Useful english dictionary
telegraph line — noun (C) a telegraph wire … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
telegraph line — noun A wire strung between two locations allowing telegraphic communication between them … Wiktionary
telegraph line — cable through which telegram messages are sent … English contemporary dictionary
Australian Overland Telegraph Line — The (subsequent) Adelaide Darwin railway follows the route of the Telegraph Line, using the easternmost (yellow) path. The railway was finished as far as Alice Springs on 6 August 1929, and as far as Darwin in 2003. The Australian Overland… … Wikipedia
Overland Telegraph Line — noun the first coast to coast telegraphic line in Australia, which connected Darwin, NT, to Adelaide, SA; completed in 1872 with span of 2900 km; established telegraphic communication between Australia and overseas by linking to a submarine cable …
Telegraph Avenue — is a street that begins, at its southernmost point, in the midst of the historic downtown district of Oakland, California and ends, at its northernmost point, at the southern edge of the University of California, Berkeley campus in Berkeley,… … Wikipedia
Telegraph Creek, British Columbia — Telegraph Creek is a small community located off Highway 37 in Northern British Columbia. The only permanent settlement on the Stikine River, it is home to approximately 350 members of the Tahltan First Nation, as well as another 50 white… … Wikipedia
Telegraph Cove, British Columbia — Telegraph Cove, located approximately 125 km northwest of Campbell River, is a community of about 20 on Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. The community grew out of a one room station at the northern terminus of the Campbell River… … Wikipedia
telegraph — telegrapher /teuh leg reuh feuhr/; esp. Brit., telegraphist, n. /tel i graf , grahf /, n. 1. an apparatus, system, or process for transmitting messages or signals to a distant place, esp. by means of an electric device consisting essentially of a … Universalium
line — Synonyms and related words: DMZ, Indian file, L, MO, Spenserian stanza, WATS, WATS line, Zeitgeist, abut, accommodation, accompaniment, accord, accordance, aceldama, acknowledgment, acquiescence, acquire, action, activity, adaptation, adaption,… … Moby Thesaurus